The New York Herald Newspaper, July 22, 1872, Page 4

NEW YORK HERALD BROADWAY AND ANN STREET. JAMES GORDON BENNETT, PROPRIETOR. ve oy, bth nh “Ali Business or news letters and telegtaphic despatches must be addressed New Yore Henatp. “ : Letters and packages should be properly sealed. Rejected communications will not be re- “ye AMUSEMENTS THIS EVENING. WALLACK'S THEATRE, Broadway and Thirteenth atreet.—Rowin Hoop. TONY PASTOR'S OPERA HOUSE, No. 201 Bowery.— Suan Remy—Qurer Fam BOWERY THEATRE, Dpserter. WOOD'S MUSEUM, Broadway, corner Thirulcth st— Cunis axp Lexa. Ahernoon and Evening. OLYMPIC THEATRE, Broadway.—Tusx Witcugs or Naw York—Trareze PERFORMANCES. —Yacur—Tus Krxa anp UNION SQUARE THEATRE, ltth st. and Broadway,— Tam Vorns Famiy—Tue Deuces or rie Kitcuey, ac. PARK THEATRE, cpposite City Hall, Brooklyn.— Stuexrs or Naw Your. “STEINWAY HALL, Fourteenth streot.~Rusexste:s: Concenrs, CENTRAL PARK GARDEN.—Gaupaw Lyereuxeytar Concur. TERRACE GARDEN, 58th st.. between Sd and Lextng- ton ava.—Scumkn Evenine Co: Te. BROOKLYN RINK—Guanp Concent sy me Pavsstax Bann. NEW YORK MUSEUM OF ANATOMY, 618 Broadway.— SCIENCE AND Ant, bear et DR. KAHN'S MUSEUM, No. 746 Broadway.—Aat ax> Science, WITH SUPPLEMENT. ‘New York, Monday, July 22, 1872. CONTENTS OF TO-DAY’S HERALD. Paar. 1—Advertisements, 2—Internationals in Council—Long Island Affairs— », Alleged Homicide—Advertisements, 3=—The Spi Situation: Montpensler Charged With the Murder of Prim; An Impending Sen sation; France Will Be Asked to Surrender joel ag e; Dissolution of the Cortes—The jational Festival—New York City News—Canoe wend Varden: Paddling Down the Mississippi Kiver—Among the Indians: Advance of Civilization in the Territories— Brooklyn Affairs—Saturday Night's Satar- nalia; Sunday Scenes at Jefferson Market Police Court—Sunday Skirmishes—Naval In- telligence—Robbery on a Steamboat. 4—Editorials: Leading Article, “The North Oaro- lina Election and Its Ettects—The Consolida- tion of the Negro Vote’—Amusement An- nouncements. G—Editorial (Continued from Fourth Page)—The Alabama Claims—Cable ‘Telegrams from Spain, Italy, France and Switzerland—The London itage—Miscellaneous Telegrams— The Weather—Personal Intelligence—Cata- Encore: The Late Russian Minister's Brochure Reviewed by One Whom He At- -. _ tacked—Business Notices. ‘Brazil: Warlike Relations of the Empire Towards the Argentine Republio—Uruguay— Music and the Drama—Obituary—New York State Camp Meeting—North Carolina: A Close, Exciting and Bitter Contest for the Control of the State—London Gossip: Trade Disturb- ances; The Herald Livingstone Search Ex- pedition; Frightful Double Murder in Lon- don—The Disastrous Fire in Gi w—Fore! Turf Notes—Death trom an Overdose of Lauda- num—Cholera: Visitation of the Epidemic in Eastern Russia and Its Gradual Advance Weastward—Yachting Notes—The Excise Law ~~ tn Williamsburg. T—Advertisements. igious: Christianity Expounded Under . Qooler Skies and Calmer Influences; Plymouth Church in Un-Dress; Spiritualism and Spirl- tual Kisses Explained by a Burly Professor of the Spiritual Faith; Professor Young on City Life and Savage Life ; A Lady Preacher Ex- atiates on Personal Holiness at tho Seven- nth Street Methodist Church; The Old and New Paths Pointed Out by Rufus Clarke; Dr. Hodge Talks to the Sailors at the Mariner's Church on the Bride of Heaven and the Brides of Earth; Father McNamee’s Warning to Modern Sinners; Religious Services at the ee8, eae ; A Sermon from Babylon—Sunday in ie rk. @—Sunday in the Park (Continued from Eighth } ix Hours at Coney Island—Sunday at Far Rockaway—Sunday at Staten Island— Boating in the South—Financial and Com- The North Oarolima Election and Ite Vote. ington from North Carolina, and announces wi coqtence hak he Jee. ha wil oes the republican ticket on the 1st of August by 4 majority of between six and eight thousand. The Secretary's political has been a short one; probably it was wisely curtailed by President Grant. But some persons have the faculty of doing a great deal of mischief in a brief space of time, and if the republican majority, which ought to be over twelve thousand, shall actually be cut down nearly or quite one-half, we may attribute the falling off to the injudicious policy of Secrotary Bout- welland to his incendiary attempt to excite the hatred and passions of the negroes against their white fellow oitizens. So far as the re- sult of the election is concerned we regard the prediction of the Secretary as entirely safe. Our Greensboro correspondence, published to-day, assumes that the democrats havea good chance of carrying the State, and talks about the apathy of the negroes and the energy of the democracy, but he evidently writes under the inspiration of democratic meetings. The republicans are doing all the useful work in the campaign, and the negroes vote as ma- chines at the bidding of the republican leaders. Every colored vote will be polled, and they will all be cast one way. ‘There has been nothing since the rehabilitation of the State to warrant the expectation of a demo- cratic victory in North Carolina. In 1867, when the State voted on convention or no con- vention, one hundred and seventy-four thou- sand voters were registered, of whom seventy- one thousand were blacks. The vote polled was about one hundred and thirty thousand, of which, in round numbers, sixty thousand were cast by negroes, and the majority for the Convention, or on the republican side, was forty-five thousand. In 1868 one hundred and ninety-six thousand voters were registered, of whom. seventy-nine thousand were blacks, and a poll of one hundred and sixty-six thou- sand votes gave eighteen thousand six hundred majority for Holden, the republican Governor, and nineteen thousand majority for the repub- lican constitution, In 1870, owing to dissen- sions in the republican ranks, the democrats managed to elect their candidate for Attorney General by a little over four thousand majority, but last year the State again gave a republican majority of over nine thousand, out of a total vote of one hundred and eighty-five thousand. In the present canvass the ropublicans are laboring harder than they have labored in any election since the return of the State to her position in the Union, and the advantages are altogether on their side. They have a State ticket in the field nominated in opposition to a straight, uncompromising democratic ticket before the conclusion of the union between the liberal republicans and the democracy on the Presidential candidates, and hence in a great measure independent of the influence of such union. The issue made subsequently in the Presidential contest, however, has aroused the administration to unusual exertion in the State, and all the power of the federal govern- ment is used to secure a marked republican victory. As President Grant is the renominee of the regular republican party, any reverse to that party, under any circumstances, would be prejudicial to his chances of success in Novem- ber. When it is remembered that North Caro- lina is held under military rule ; that the fed- eral office-holders, the federal soldiers and the carpet-baggers, with the solid vote of the negro population, are all for the republican ticket; that a large amount of federal money has just been thrown into the State, which, if not corruptly used, will beyond question be liberally employed until election mercial: The Abundance of Money and Low Rates of Interest; The Summer Influx of Cur- rency; Saturday's Bank Statement—Mar- riages, Birth and Deaths. 10—Japan: The Departure of. (pone ret eariic fod of Senator Hendricks at Indianapolis ratz, Browa— Liberal Republicans — Democratic Headquarters—Greeley and the Colored Race—Shipping Intelligence—-Advertisements, Tue Spawn GoveRNMENT AcTION against the would-be assassins of Amadeus and the Queen indicates that the almost deadly deed was performed as part of the work of an ‘organized conspiracy. Twenty-seven persons charged with complicity, with the three prin- cipals, are already in custody. His Majesty had a very narrow escape from déath, as it has been found that seven pistol bullets were lodged in the carcase of one of the horses at- tached to his carriage. Admiral Topete is out with a warning against dangerous demonstra- tions, so that good may come out of the great ‘evil—eventually. Sap AxaRM For TountstTs In SWITZERLAND.— The correspondent of an English newspaper ‘who has just been engaged in the discharge of his duty in Geneva, was robbed and murdered near that city on Saturday. A portion of the money, French coin, has been recovered, but the murderers are as yet unknown. There is little doubt that the gathering of an un- usual number of rich and distinguished per- fonages in the Swiss city during the present feason has attracted thither also a large force of the dangerous classes of Europe. It may be found that some of the ticket-of-leave men tourists, who now go out from London regularly, despite the police precautions, to the goene of all large and brilliant assem- Dlages both .in the Old World and the New, hhave been the perpetrators of this most foul Reed of crime. Amono tHE Isuanps.—It is reported that President Grant intends soon to make a trip down'the St. Lawrence to see the charms of Ate thousand islands and experience the ex- citement of passing through its rushing rapids. Judging by the reports from North (Carolina itwould appear that he might find pnough of excitement and suspense in the ultuous current of its near election. Wis- ‘ ghould urge him to devote his present pttention to the mighty flood of public senti- ment which is now settling the question of his re-election in November, or such a defeat . ws will allow him plenty of leisure in the future to become acquainted with Canadian geography. Rocks and quicksands threaten the life of his -political fortunes in the shape of improper and unfit cabinet ministers and pfficers in high station, in whom honost men have no confidence. Their removal shonld have more interest to the chief executive than a pleasure excursion. His first task should be to rescue himself from the hands of politi- cians and carpet-baggers and take his proper Plage as leader of the people, time in the payment of doubtful voters for what are called legitimate services, and that the people of North Carolina have been kept so miserably poor under the Southern policy of the republican Congress as to make a few dollars a material object to many thousands of them, it will be readily understood that the republican Governor's election ought not only to be secure this year, but ought to be carried by a larger majority than was given to Gov- ernor Holden in 1868. The success of the republican State ticket in North Carolina on the Ist of August may, then, be regarded os certain, the question being only one of majorities. This result will leave the aspect of the Presidential canvass unchanged; for while a republican defeat would be almost fatal to that party, a demo- cratic defeat will have no corresponding effect on the Greeley ticket, although it may become important as indicating the probable concen- tration of the whole negro vote of the South in solid mass on the republican candidates. We shall probably have to wait for the Oc- tober elections until we ascertain with any- thing like certainty the strength of the anti- administration combination in the States that are likely to determine the Presidential con- test, unless, indeed, any unexpected reverse on the republican sido in the States that ought to be carried by them with ease should scatter their forces before the time for the decisive battle arrives. The real interest the peor ple have in the North Carolina election is in the evidence it will furnish of the progress of the attempt to array the Southern negroes as a race against the white citizens of the South, and to continue an unconstitutional and oppressive policy towards the Southern States. If President Grant had followed the dictates of his own heart towards the South- ern people, and had restored them to their full constitutional rights, privileges and lib- erties during his four years’ term of office, it would be a gratifying sight to see the colored population of the old slave States march- ing a8 one man to the polls to vote for the General who had led the army of liberation, notwithstanding his famous declaration that if he believed the war was to be a war waged for the abolition of slavery he would draw his sword for the South. If be had been permitted by the party that elected him in 1868 to extend universal am- nesty to the ex-rebels, to restore their States to self-government, and to limit the federal in- terference in their domestic affairs to the pres- ervation of the peace and the protection of the rights of all citizens, black and white, until the complete restoration of civil law, there would have been something grand and noble in the idea of the race liberated by the war rallying without exception to the standard of the Union goneral. But the republican poli- ticlans in Congres, overruling and overriding | the President, have held the white citizens of the South in political bondage for eight years, with laws of pains and penalties; with proscriptive test oaths, with reconstruction under negroes, scalawags and carpet-baggers; with suspension of habeas corpus and the enforcement of mili- tary despotism. They have taught the ignor- ant, ious and passic blacks to vote the ticket, ‘not from generous im- pulse, but out of hatred and revenge agains their former masters. Secretary well, in his recent stump-speaking pilgrimage, cautioned his negro audience against trusting their white fellow citizens, and urged them never to suffer the hands of the two sections and of the two races to be clasped over the bloody chasm made by +the war. The solid support of the republican candidates by the Southern negroes has in it, then, no praiseworthy and laudable feature, but is the result of teachings that have instilled into the hearts of the blacks of the South a deadly hatred of their white neigh- bors and a belief that there can never be peace between the two races. They were told by Secretary Boutwell that they can only pre- serve their liberty and their civil rights through federal aid, for that their former mas- ters would re-enslave them,: or, at least, strip them of the privileges of citizenship if they should ever get the opportunity to do so. Under these circumstances we regard the consolidation of the negro vote on one side in the present election as an evil and a danger. The effect of such appeals as Boutwell’s upon the negro mind can be seen in the outrages already committed by the North Carolina blacks upon such colored men as choose to support the democracy. If the colored vote should be divided as well as the white vote in the South, there would be a better prospect of a restoration of constitutional government in that section of the Union. As it is, the South- ern negroes, who will probably support Grant with scarcely an exception, will demand of his administration new privileges and new advantages over the whites in the event of his re-election; while if Grecley should be chosen President they are very likely to plunge their States into riot and insubordination. In either case there is prob- ably more trouble and suffering in store for the unhappy South unless President Grant should choose to avert the calamity by a bold and patriotic movement. He has evidently seen the mischief of Boutwell’s incendiary harangues and ordered him back to his post at Washington. If he will now re- move from the Southern States every federal soldier whose services are not actually neces- sary, issue a peremptory order to the federal | office-holders to take no active part in the campaign, turn adrift the disreputable men who have been fastened on to the South through the influences at Washington, and leave the Southern States as free as the Northern States in the approaching election, he will not only avert the threatened evils, but may carry the South without revolting and incensing the North. It is certain that the country will demand a more liberal and constitutional treatment of the South from the next administration, whether headed by Grant or Greeley, and will not be content with the passage of an amnesty bill wrung from the majority of Congress in the last hours of the session through terror of the Cincinnati nominations. Presi- dent Grant, if re-elected, will be in heart in favor of: this liberal and just policy; but he will find it difficult to carry it out if he allows his supporters to raise a barrier of distrust amd NEW YORK HERALD, MONDAY, JULY 22, 1872—WiTH. SUPPLEMKNs 4nd polytechnic schools in the country in which much ampler courses of instruction in applied mechanics and. civil, topographical and mechanical engineering are provided than are given at West Point, or can be. given there, so long as the starting point of the Academy remains what it is." The drawing depart- ment, too, does not escape the merciless critics. pe soy :—“For the majority of the cadets é time spent in free-hand dra’ is wasted;’’ ‘with the greater number the pupils neither the eye nor the hand can be trained ;” ‘the execution of the mechanical drawings made by the first class was not very creditable.” The study of chemistry comes in for its share of severe criticism, and the practice of committing to memory the facts of chemistry out of a manual is denounced as “an odious employment for the mind;’’ and in commenting upon the practice the Visitors quietly remark that ‘‘to commit a Latin Gram- mar to memory would be better training and more useful in every point of view.’’ There is one subject the report touches upon, however, which shows that the wire- pullers from Washington were not idle with the Board during their pleasant stay at West Point, and that in one very important respect the independence of the report was com- pletely overridden, We refer to the sug- gestion the Board makes to abolish the study of the Spanish language and to teach French only. The idea is so absurd that we do not think any army officer can read, the suggestion without a smile of the supremest contempt. Here we are with our active army, such as it is, in constant intercourse on our borders with Spanish-speak- ing peoples, and yet it is to throw out the study of the Spanish alto- gether in our training school for officers, and substitute French. We venture to say that there is not an officer in the army who has had any experience whatever on the borders but who will declare that the study of the Spanish language should be made one of the principal studies, of the graduating class especially, outside of the technical teachings of the military ratio studiorum. It is high time, we think, that the West Point intriguers at Washington, who have their own ends to serve in crushing out one study at the Academy to benefit another and their own interests, allowed at least one Board of Visitors, stupid and foolish as they generally are in their con- clusions, to follow their own bent in deciding upon “suggestions” to be made to the War Department. In conclusion, it must be said that the report of the Visitors, with the one exception in reference to the abolishment of the Spanish language as a study, although severe in its criticisms, ought not to be lost upon the authorities at Washington, who have the power to strengthen the institution where it is now weak, and to make perfect what the Board has pointed out as imperfect in the way the various branches are taught. While all the world is bent upon progress West Point should not lag in the rear. : The Influence of Forests on and Olimate. The highly important meteorological ques- tion of the influence of forests upon the rain- fall is just now exciting very general concern. Upon the authority of almost every scientist of note the impression prevails in the public mind that those exists a very imperious and marked connection between the vegetation of Rainfall hatred between the blacks qnd whites of the Southern States, or if he wins the Southern vote through federal influence and military tyranny. Let him now follow out those gen- erous and noble principles that dictated the terms he granted to Lee’s army and that led him to denounce a policy of revenge against the ex-rebel States, and he will satisfy the North as well as the South that the interests of the whole Union will be safe in his keeping for the next four years. West Point and Its Oficial Critics. The report of the Board of Visitors to the West Point Academy, which we published recently, isan extraordinary one in many re- spects. Anybody who is at all familiar with the inner workings of the Academy, and the ways and means that are resorted to annually by the powers that be to determine the char- acter of the Visitors’ reports beforehand, need not be told that the report for 1872 is the only really independent one that has been made by official visitors for many years past. Here- tofore the gentlemen selected by the govern- ment to enjoy themselves at the Point at pub- lic expense, and at the same timo ‘ook into’’ the way the institution is managed, with a view of giving the country some time after- ward an insight into the educational qualifica- tions of the place, have contented themselves with exhibiting simply the bright side of the picture and making such suggestions only as were considered ‘the correct thing’ by the officers. As an exception to a general rule the report of the Visitors this year must indeed be set down asa decided curlosity. The fact is that it takes hold of the management of the Academy as it has never been taken hold of before, and, despite the extreme sensitiveness of the insti- tution, the regulations and systems within sys- tems of the post which the Board does not ap- prove are set down in black and white without a word of apology. To be sure, the general management of the institution is conceded to bo good; but ‘general management’’ is a very indefinite term, and so the force of the Board’s criticisms as to other matters is by no means lost by the ‘general’ commendation. Nobody will deny that a student at West Point ob- tains a good military education at the Academy; but are matters so arranged there that, while a cadet is made a thorough disciplinarian as 6 soldier, he is not left pretty much to himself as to other branches which make an academic edu- cation something more thana name? It is just this particular subject that the Board of Visitors are niost emphatic, First and foremost, as to the cadet's “lack of ease and precision in the English langnage,”’ they candidly declare that “the graduate of the Academy is only expected to know what is taught in primary schools or in the lower classes of grammar schools.’’ The engineer- ing branch of the studies, that has been here- tofore sacred ground, which Visitors never dared to venture upon, comes in also for a heavy blow. After stating that the instruction in applied mechanics and engineering is neces- sarily elementary and incomplete, the report boldly asserts, “There are geveral scientific a country and the amount of water which it is capable of condensing upon itself from the o rain clouds. _ Congressional and State legislation has recently intervened to protect the noble trees on the public domain and to encourage the planting of new ves, California has just employed, at great ex- pense, @ skilled arboriculturist to conduct an extensive system of ‘‘foresting.’’ At a late meeting of the National Agricultural Society at St. Louis a report was read showing that, in less than twenty-five years, at the present rate of consumption, all our accessible timber will be destroyed, and greatly deprecating the unnecessary waste. The only expression of opinion differing from that which is commonly received has lately appeared in Mayor Hall's report, based on the views of the Director of the Meteoro- logical Observatory at Central Park. The in- vestigations of this latter gentleman, purport- ing to be very comprehensive, lead him to the conclusion that ‘‘the clearing of land does not diminish the volume of rainfall.” With all possible respect for the opinion of the Direc- tor, we cannot see how the conclusion he reaches can stand the test of historic and sci- entific records and researches. The banks of the Euphrates, the Ganges and the shores of the Mediterranean now present to us vast tracts of sterility, in lieu of the exuberant fertility of remote ages; and it seems far from unreason- able to attribute the change to the removal of the forests by the devastations of war and the march of civilization. The land of Canaan, so famed for its richness as to be the glory of all lands, is now stripped of its beauteous vegetation and noble trees, and has become a land of extreme tempera- tures and excessive droughts. When the armies of Rome under Cwsar cut their way through the forests of Germany and Western Europe they found o semi-Arctic climate and a land of incessant rains, and the vast climatic change that has since occurred has never been explained except by the absence now of that frigorific radiation which Hum- boldt assigned to wooded regions. The island of Madeira at the time of its discovery (1378) formed a continuous and impenetrable forest of majestic cedars, laurels and other trees of prodigious height, and was celebrated for its innumerable springs of limpid and salubrious water; but all this is now groatly modified by the clearing of the soil. The treeless island of Malta, one of the most important of Great Britain's possessions, on account of its position and harbor, since ite deforesting is cursed with heat and sterility, and in summer is almost uninhabitable. The onormous floods of the Middle Ages in England—as in 1237, when ‘Westminster Hall was sailed in with boats, and in 1579, when fishes were found in it—have no parallels in our later times, In Italy the clearing of the Apennines is thought by the people to have very seriously altered the cli- mate of the Po valley, and now the African sirocco, unknown to the legions of Rome, breathes its hot, blighting breath over the right bank of the river in the territory of Parma, It is well known that since the plant- ing of extensive forests in Egypt, which for- merly had only about six rainy days every to twenty-four. It is much to be regretted for doubt, as a committee of the British Asso- ciation but a few years ago reported that ‘in a country, to which the maintenance of its water supplies is of extreme importance, the indis- criminate clearing of forests is greatly to be deprecated.”’ The investigations of Humboldt, Arago, Herschel, Buchan and the latest mete- orological authors sustain this report, and, what is perhaps aa authoritative upon the subject, it is sustained by almost universal popular observation. It is certainly worth while in all the futuro settlements of this country, especially in the immense and valuable lands of the far North- west and along the Pacific Territories, to give the matter of rainfall a fair experiment, and to preserve the forests as much as the wants of settlers will permit, Let the woodman spare the tree. Yesterday’s Pulpit Lessons, The great feature of our sermon budget to- day, besides the truths or the fictions that have been uttered in the pulpits, is that a lady has led off and held forth to a patient and attentive Methodist congregation. Mrs. Smith, of Phila- delphia, the same lady whose sermon at the Sea Cliff camp meeting ® few days ago threw all the other pulpit productions in the shade, was the gentle yet fearless expounder of the four Gospels. As on the other occasion the lady took the first six books of the Bible, so also on this she chose the Gospels, and sought to demonstrate their unity of purpose and design and to present to her congregation the picture complete of Christ the temple, the Saviour, the King, the emancipator, the bur- dem bearer. These characteristics of Jesus the man, the servant, the King, the God, wero illustrated in a very simple and unaffected manner, and without any flourish or noise the truth was left to carry conviction by its own inherent power to every mind. Mankind is ever searching for a smooth path—an easy way through life. But the old paths and the good way in which the soul finds rest are, according to Dr. Clark, rugged andthorny. They have none of the modern conveniences—no swift moving railroad trains, no time tables.- The traveller who would reach the celestial city to-day must go by the same road that Moses, and Enoch, and Joseph, and Elijah and others walked. The faithful prayer of three thousand years ago is just as available and as potent to-day. These old paths run high above the ordinary course of worldly men. They are entered and travelled in only by faith. Philosophy and reagon can never lead the soul thither nor keep it in the way. The near approach of Christ’s second coming was made a reason by Dr. Hodge for enforcing purity and affection and prepara- tion by His bride, the Church, to receive Him. The Church is human now, and consequently imperfect. She has too much vain imagina- tion at present, but by and by she will be cleansed and fitted for her Lord. She is like any other bride now—sick and faint and weary sometimes, and requires consolation and sympathy. There are divisions and mis- understandings in the Church which must be healed ere she can stand ready to greet her Head. But union with Christ and perfection in Him is an individual matter, and hence the Doctor urged his promiscuous congregation to seek those states for themselves. Some of Dr. Dix’s congregation yesterday must have been surprised, if they listened thoughtfully, to hear him—one of the leaders of ritualism in this city—say that ‘symbolic teachings are obscure, and worldly symbols are but the toys of childish minds.” Why, then, make so much of them? Are we to infer that High Church .congregations are but children mentally? It would seem so. “The Roman Church,’’ says the Doctor, ‘professes to instruct her children in her dogmas and her doctrines without a sem- blance of error, yet do we not see many evi- dences of its imperfection, notwithstanding its alleged unchangeableness? Do we not see its dogmas change daily—a fact which attests change?” And, still recognizing the falli- bility and imperfections of the Roman Catholic Church, the Doctor has given unmis- takable evidences that he is steering Rome- ward as rapidly and as consistently as he can, and seeking to carry others along with him. And as he asserts that systems have arisen from age to age, and one has invariably con- tradicted the other, are we to gather that his theories and systems, too, are changeable and contradictory. After reading Professor Young’s sketch and contrast of city and country life we do not think the latter has so much in its favor. It has less bad and less good than the city, and it has fewer criminals in proportion to its population; but we ques- tion if very much of our city crime is not fed and fostered by the vice and cupidity of our country cousins. The city is the necessary product of civilization, and as such, of course, it follows that this civilization reacts upon the country and makes country life what it is. And with our present facilities of travel city and country are becoming more and more assimilated every year. A plain, practical discourse, good for every Gay practice, was delivered in the Cathedral yesterday by Father McNamee, Tho theme was Jesus weeping over Jerusalem, whose re- jection of Him and His mission drew forth that fearful prophecy, which has been so literally fulfilled, that not one stone of it should be left upon another. If their retribution was 80 terrible what must ours be, who have the in- creasing light of centuries to walk by, if we neglect the salvation so freely offered to us? “God punishes the violation of his laws,’’ said the preacher, ‘in proportion to the extent of the sinner’s guilt; and that being so he might very pertinently ask what should be th® measure of a Christian's punishment for wilful disobedience or violation of God's law? A stranger who may have heard the superb congregational singing in Mr. Beecher’s church can hardly believe that en audience in Ply- mouth church are absolutely dependent upon their choir for theit musio, inst as are ordinary 5 = i Yet co it fs, Yesterday they ‘in a fearful pophcrrradahe art te 4 out the want of harmony in their singing 90 great that Dr. Beecher made it a subject of Father McQuade, in St. Peter's church, Jor. sey City, delivered a sermon on the desolation of Jerusalem, and put a few pointed questions to his hearers, which they would do well to answer to themselves and to God. 8t, Peter's raised $500 yesterday for the Pope.' Rey. J. W. Horne, of Babylon, L. L, whose congregation have no need to go to the country,” devoted part of the Sabbath to teaching them how to do the will of God on earth as it is done, in heaven. It is a difficult thing to teach and much more so to do. But we hope Mr. Horna and his people and all other Christian people will succeed in teaching and in doing it. For in it is life eternal. The Archives of the Late Rebel Com- federacy—Interesting Documents. Colonel John T. Pickett, formerly the so- called Confederate States diplomatio agent for the government of Mexico, has, it appears, published a statement showing his agency in the sale of the Confederate archives to the government of the United States for the sum of seventy-five thousand dollars—a snug little pile ‘of greenbacks: These precious Con-' foderate archives filled four trunks, and they were delivered at the. White House on the 8d of this month. The documents em- brace the entire archives of the State Depart- ment of the late government of Jeff Davis, without the abstraction of a single paper ex- cepting the secret service vouchers of that government, which were honorably destroyed by Judah P. Benjamin, Secretary of State, om the day of the rebel evacuation and burning of Richmond. The archives sold to the United States and delivered at the White House had, it appears, been spirited off to Canada for safe keeping, and @ government officer went over there with Colonel Pickett to procure them. The Colonel says:—‘There is but one paper the perusal of which gave me any pain—the report of Hon. Jacob Thompson on the opera- tions on the (Canadian) frontier, the existence of which was unknown to me” until the government officer found it. And what was this document? Colonel Pickett says that the publication of his (Thompson's) report will probably cause him and Jefferson Davis and J. P. Benjamin to feel uncomforta- ble for a little while; ‘but as I expect to go to neither of them when I die, my sympathy shall not be of a heartrending character.” And he begs further to say, “as one still faith- ful to the lost cause, that I wholly repudiate the policy of attempting to burn Northern cities during the war, especially democratic cities, and that I always indignantly denied the allegation until I saw Thompson’s report. So let these three worthies wince, not the noble people whose cause they butchered.” The precious document in question, then, ia «Jacob Thompson's official report on the at- tempts and designs of those mysterious incen- diaries, with their black carpet bags and phos- phoric combustibles, to burn New York and other Northern cities during the war.’ These interesting archives, Colonel Pickett thinks, are historically and financially valuable, inas- much as they may savé money to the govern- mont by defeating the claims of parties for dam- ages claiming to have been ‘‘trooly loil”’ in the war, but ‘‘who threw up their caps for Jefferson Davis, and shouted ‘Death to the Yankees.’’* The Colonel himself does not pretend to have been ‘“‘trooly loil,” and has no favors to ask of the party in power, but desires its over- throw, and yet he neglects to state the dis- tribution of that snug little sum of seventy-five thousand dollars obtained for those aforesaid archives. We suppose it is all right; we dare say it is nobody's business; and yet people will be inquisitive in these little transactions where good money is given for the old papers of an exploded institution. We presume, however, that upon those sug- gested consequential damages these archives will prove a good bargain to the government, and that to the future historian of our great re- bellion they will be valuable as disclosing the intrigues and schemes of the government of Davis with foreign Powers, and over the Cana- dian border to weaken the cause of the Union in the warand to strengthen the Southern con- federacy. - Defective Ratlway Signals. “? The melancholy disaster which occurred on the New York Central Railroad on Friday, and by which many lives and limbs were sac- rificed to the Juggernaut of carelessness and defective signals, should be a warning to all railroad managers and employés. A more in- excusable aud flagrant example of negligence can scarcely be imagined, and it is to be hopet that the Coroner’s jury will take the same view of the case. Apassenger train arrives at a ccrtain stae tion, where, according to the time table, it should meet a coal train, the latter to switch off on a side track to allow the passenger train to pass. But the coal train did not put in an appearance, and the conductor on the other train, not wishing to be delayed, and expect- ing that the coal train would keep out of his way, pushed on. Probably the other con- ductor entertained a similar idea, and the con- sequence was 4 collision, a telescoped passen- ger car, loss of life and many persons injurod. It is a significant point for the jury that at the next station from the place where the two trains should meet, and did not meet, there was no telegraph office, although in the vi- cinity was one of the most dangerous curves on the road. Such a state of things can only proceed from extreme recklessness, and can only lead to the same dire results. Had there been a telegraph office and proper signals at this part of the road, and had both conductors been a little more careful to find out the whereabouts of each other, it is scarcely probable that such a dreadful acci- dent would have occurred. Again, railroad regulations are not always attended to, as may be seen in this cage, and is frequently observed in this city, especially at the bridge across the Harlem River. There is a law trains to come to a full stop at this point, but with many conductors this law is but a dead letter. Trains dash across the bridge as if there was no possibility of danger, and cone sequently the escapes trom a frightful diraster