The New York Herald Newspaper, August 16, 1870, Page 5

ity i & proper phrase, 1 regret that it has fallen trom thelipsor the right honorable gentleman, He has referred (o the oF our aoting in combination with Russta, and T have not the small- est objection to anything he has said which could tend to suengiben not merely the materia) force, but also ine moral aathority, by which the poncetns offices Of neutrals may be discharged, volving, a8 they do, the ope hac they ay at ‘¢ wie or er take the form of frieudiy mediation, Whether the neutrality is sole, or whether itis jome, there is no jealousy Crag oo by us of any foreign Power. he war with Kussia has left behind no wave which coud Jor a moment prevent or discourage co-operation jor an honor- able and useful purpose, and if Lobjected at all to the marked manner in which the right honorable gentleman dwelt upon the co-operation of Russia it Was not in ihe least a3 objecting to anything be afiirmed. it was rather because the pointed selec tion of that Power appeared to imply that we were not to seek or to cherish the co-operation of other State in Europe. (Mr, Disraeli dissented), aa only Giving my inference, Iam glad it is inor- Mr, DisRAELI~I sald that Russia is now the only party to the treaty with us. ~Mr. GLADStonE—I should be very sorry, and prob- ably it was not meant, to discourage our endeavor- ing to estabish that friendly association of opinion, the policy of which all parties not entangled tn the unhappy conilict fvel 1¢ In the interest of general Peace to ve pein duty toparsue, But the righ hono- rable gentleman, as ne has just reminded me, aud have not forgotten, founded his reference upon & special argument applicable to the case. He said that cortain provinces of Prussia had been guaran- teed by the treaty of Vienna; that the French guar- antee Was ipso facto dissolved by the existing war; tuat the Austrian guarantee had disa, with ‘Uhe war of 1856, and that Engianc gad Russia alone of the great Powers of Euroye were those in whose case the guarantee still remamed applicable and binding. 1 am sorry to say 1 could not accompany the rigut honorable gentleman in that portion of lis speech, (Hear, hear.) He appeared to proceed on a general view and doctrine of guarantee more striu- gent than |, for one, aim abie to admit, and more suringent than I know to haye been admitted by the most erninent British statesmen of this century, do not Link It necessary Low to inquire what 1s the precise position of the guarantees embodied Jn we treavy of Vienna, In respect to Prussia it 13 not ne. cessary now to inquire how far the guarantees could remaih applicable after the German Confederation has been dissolved, after Prussia has undergone a complete me! rphosis and attained an exten- sion of territory which itself involves the greatest changes. ut, above al, 1 am obliged to enter my proiest against the doctrine which tt right honorable gentleman Rae m this portion of his speech, for ne jooked upon the guarantee as a powerful weapon which had been Pees in our hands, and he said that by means of this guarantee we onght to have had an infuence almost paramount for the purpose of preventing war, and to havo assumed a position of authority With regard to Prussia, Does not the right honorable gentleman see what would have been the consequences of advancing such an argu. menty The consequence of going tq Prussia and saying, “You must not go to war because we have guaranteed certain of your provinces,’ would ob- viously have been this—that if Prussia had gone to war we should have bee! ined in that war as belli- gerenis. We were not prepared (“hear” from the Oppcsittoa), and are not prepared to recognize that obligation. (Cancers from the éinisierial side.) We deny that 10 is iounded on the law of Europe, aud [ can conceive notuing more impolitic than to refer to this Prussian gnarantee when the quotation of it would direculy have involved a respou- sibility that we were not prepared to ac- Knowledge and discharge. On thai account we could not admit the necessity or propriety of seeking jor apy special relation to be established with the empire of Russia on this occasion, Notwith- standing his unhappy purase of “armed neutrality’? J am sure that what the right honorable gentleman mieags 15 that we should discharge tne duty oF neu- trals, Which has nO variety of purpose Whatever, ‘abd that we should establish such « state of tuings that we shall be competent to tuift whatever dunes may attach tous, Looking at the matterin that point of view, we have considered the duties of neu- tals, aud we have done our best thus farto fulfil them. Those, tndeed, are not easy duties, They are duties which the most sanguine of statesmen or the mo3i Sanguine of goveruments can hardiy hope to fulfil in such & mauner us not to give offence on one side or tue other, and probably on both. We had that misyortune in the case af the great conjlict which devastated the continent of Nori america, dt may ve that we shall have to encounter it again, but whatever care, diligence, patience and temper can do for the purpose of averting even tne sligut- est misunderstanding, by means of an anxious dl charge, according to the best of our light aud know- ledge, of every duty incumbent upon as, fam quite suse the country may anticipate with consideuce trom iny nobie Itieud Who hoids the seais of the Foreign Office, As these are all subjects of importance, 16 may be interesting if I menuon briefly what are the particular steps that have already veen taken in the fuiliiment of peutrul duties. One of the most im- portant of these steps is already Known to the jouse—viz,, the fmtreduction, by my honored and Jearned friend the Attorney General, of a bill for the purpose of extending the provisious of our law with @ view to a more exact, perfect and punctual dis- charge of every duty of neutraiity. We have been appealed to with respect to various imaiters. We have been asked about the assistance given or ex- pected to be given by pliots who are British sublects tw the fleets of the belligerents, and the Trinity House has been informed that, in order to couform to our obligations as @ neutral Power under the law of nations, ths services of pilots should be confined to Eritish waters in the strictest sense—that is to say, to the navigation of the Hagiish ports and a distance of three iniles beyond, and that they should only pavigate any vessel in and out of British ports and roadsteads which was not at the time engaged in warlike operations, The case o} feligoland presented peculiar features from its position i reference tothe Elbe. The Governor of Heligoland accordingly bas been di- rected to warn the pilots of that settlement of the Obilgations of neutraniy Imposed by the Queen's proclamation and by the act of Parliament called the Foreign Enlistment act. Witn respect to the supply of coal and to coaling ships we have done everythmy We can to place the subordiuate depart- ments of the executive government on thelr guard und to render them vigilant in the discharge oi their duies, The officers of customs have been desired to pay the closest attention to the employment of col- ilers, especially When the intention 18 entertamed, or uppears to be entertained, that they wre to act in Immediate connection With a feet, a course of con- duct which Ihave already iad occesion to say would, we believe, bring them within the penal provisions of the law in the character of store ships, With re- spect to the buildtng of ships their attention has been directed again to the observation of what may be going on in the different ports, 80 that we may never be taken by surprise with regard to an escape, surreptitiousiy eifected, as unfortunately Reece at an early period of the American contest. With re- Bpect, again, to the export of horses, 1 need not do more then refer to a rumor which has gone abroad of some alleged favor having been shown in the export of horses to one country Which was prevented in the other, We are endeavoring to find out whether there can have been any possible foundation for such a rumor; and up to the present time we are not aware of any foundation for it whatever. Again, it has been proposed to an English company at the | one moment to lay down a cable between Dun- irk and a northern point connected. I belteve, with the territory of Denmark. Alter consulting with the law officers of the Crown we have inforined the parties that it would be, in our opinion, a breach of neutrality if they were, under the circumstances, to execute that operation. Ip the same spirit of con- slant and close attention, with entire impartiality of purpose, and with a forgetfulness to toquire, or rather a determination not to inquire, how auy given decision may bear on the interest of one side or the other, the duties of the executive goverpment will continue to be discharged. Until the outbreak of the war, at the patiod to which I have referred, we were aimost without any other thought than the de- sire of escaping from its trammels, circumscribing its sphere and keeping ourselves tn readiness to intervene at any possible opportunity with a view of bringing about an accommodation. ‘The right honorable gentieman has referred to the publication this day week of a document termed “project of a Treaty between France and Prussia.” That Was a docoment of a grave and serious charac- ter, and we cannot conceal from ourselves tnat it gave a considerable shock to public confideuce. It inay be said that we ought to feel indebted to those ‘who brougntit to lignt. (Hear, hear.) We have en- deavored to take Into view the whole of the circum- stances before us, up to the time of which I now speak, and we have also endeavored to adopt such Measures in relation to them a3 we think, op the whole, best calculated to establish the perfect con- fidence and security which are 80 necessary to the ‘well being of Furey outside the sphere of this de- plorable conflict. We have further thought it was desirable on our part to make an appeal to Parit ment for additional force, and we done itt this ground. We hav@~peace establishments in this country which are extremely expensive in relation to their m gh but which are not only, as we hope, ta the highest eificiency, but likewise present in @ greawdégree, and will from year to year, we hope present tn a still ‘Freaisr degree this peculiar feature—that they will admit = an efsy find rapid expansion. (Hear, hear). Moreover, and it is important to mention it, ‘because the occasion is one on which much may be done at a charge comparatively small—that expan- sion is an expansion which, in it first stage at least, 1s cheap compared with the ordinary and average rate of our peace establishments. Sir, 1 do not think it necessary to go back With the right honor- able gentleman ‘to the period that preceded the Crimean war, and for this reason the Crimean war followed a very long period of peace, counting nearly forty years. After the Cnmean war the couniry Was of opinion that the whoie of our mili- tary establishments and of our military system re- quired to be reviewed, and that the scale of these establishments must be considerably increased. There is pO analogy whatever between the condi- tion either of our military or of the naval establish- ment of the country, but espectally the former, be- tween the present period and the period preceding the Crimean war. If we are to compare them wit! any other time we ought to compare them with the years not which preceded, but which followed, the Crimean war, since we adopted what may be termed the new footing and new scale of those establisnments. Now, considering the state of things ta which the estimates were submitted to Parliament, [hope it will not be thought to savour in the slightest degree of uncertainty or alarm, nor tn the slightest degree to appear to correspond with “hat I believe so be the historic aga established and sustained by an adeq condition of de fensive cstablishwenis, 18 a thing totally diferent, var, hear.) I cannot admit that an armed neu- NEW YORK HERALD, TUZSDAY, AUGUST 16, 1870.—TRIPLE SHEET, meaning of an armed neutrality,if we ask the House, a8 we propose to ask it to-morrow, for a vote credit for an addition to the number of men_for the army, of which the House hag been already informed. (Hear, hear.) ‘But I do not hesitate to say that tnese votes, whule in the view of the government they are not beyond the necessity of the case, are adequate 2 ron Pye ante sprees aes now, site e e charge Ww! jas been ry honorable gentleman, ‘The nght fonorableentieman Duta many & question se poapecs to Wessihte. Of, establisnments, and he i arraigns the of the government, He thinks he has now ed an occasion on which he hus the right, and considers it his” , to charge us with having pursued & ue Sir that has weakened the defensive m the country—(op- position cheers! that we are now compelled ty retrace our steps, (Renewed cheering.) J meet the right honorable gentleman with as emphiatte a con- tradtetion—(Ministerial the forms of Par- Mament wali permit to assertion on Which he founds the chi We with satisiaction to the reductions th: we beem made; we are giad that we have eg be Bad i the buraens of the peo- ple—(hear, . low the gangway)—and we are especially glad to have been able to afford that relief, because we contend, and we think we can prove, that in the midst of all that relief and all that reduction there has been no diminution whatever; bas on the contrary, ther Nas been @ husbanding and an imcrease of our real domestic available force, (Cheers,) What is the use of a system of naval de- sence which dots your veasels-of-war over the whole globe, inultiplying occasions of difference, of quar- rel, of danger and of conflict into which Parliainent finds itself hurried by the act of some subordinate agent abroad, but which would never have been. cepted on the Tepommen pasion of a Cabinet? Wilat ig tho use for the purpose of defending these shores and of enabling you to assert the dignity of the United King:tom, at a great European crisis, of that sporadic system Wiich enables you, if you think fit, to Vauut your strength in thosé parts of the world where the flags of the Pe ’3 ships may be flying, but which, instead Sadiag any: thing, actually deducis from the real strength and energy of the country? We challenge comparison on the part either of oue service or of the other, with the condition 12 which we Jound these estab- lishments when we took oftice. We make no charge against those who came before, us; thought they did not make the inp! C= menis which apnenree to us tobe desirable. But the right honorable gentleman makes a charge against ‘us, and it is our duty to meet hus challenge by a state- ment that there is Lo diminution, but rather an in- crease, of the available force of the country. By that 1 mean not a force a all over the world 4p minute fractions and han buta force avattabie for the purpose of asserting the dignity and power, of discharging the utiea of this country, if unbap- pily the occasion should arise. Take the very sim- plest proof, consisting of two 1tems—for I am sot tne pergon ho can best convey to this House a num- ber of detalis on this subject, and, for my own purt, 1 think it a very great question whether the House wiil or will not be disposed to follow the advice of the right honorable gentleman, and to call for a mass of information on the subject. (Hear, hear.) But these items are matters about which there can be no ditiiculty, I take the actual force at home and J take the reserve force at home, by which I mean the reserve of the regular army. The actual force at home, according to the establishment of 1803, Was 87,600; according to the establishment of 1670 it was 59,000, That may be @sinall difference, but Bull ib is Not a diference On What the right honor- abie geatieman calls the wrong side. But the prin- ciple on which we have been endeavoring to act is this—that with an actual establishment compara- tively moderate we should endeavor to institute re- serves by Which our actual estabiishment might be greatly raised in case of need. And how do we stand as compared with 1868 in respect of reserves? In the year 1568 the first and second reserves num. bered 19,000 men, while in 1870 the number had reached 41,000. (Hear, hear.) 1 want to know how, in the face of figures such as these, the right honor- able gentieman can sustain the charge he has made against her Majesty’s government of naving reduced tie force available for the defence of these shores, or for any great European purposes. (tear, hear.) ‘The right honorable gentleman says he would like to hear of a large Channel fleet; and, sir, wo have such @ feet, the particulars of which tue right hon- orabie genuemad shall have if he wishes; for it is not the business of the executive to withold infor- mation whieh Parllament desires, though 16 is tne Quy of Parliament io inquire as to the reasons for asking such information. (Hear.) ‘The right honor- able geniemen asks about the foris, on which he England, Austria, Belgium, France, Jtaly, (1 ther- ia Prussin'atd Ruatia, “he ‘uuterial arvielew arc anol we Ey RT. 2. Phe Grand Duchy of Luxem! pig icatan’ hie aauace yee Sree eet a oee Ee ne en roe other States. ‘The high contractin, ties engage the princl se pertion.e ane 0 respect the prin ) within the ple of neittrality as stip resent article, has or-neiple te and remains placed under the sanction Gf. the, couiective guarantee of the Rowers signing parties 19 ese! Fs e exception o » whieh fuse @ neutral State, | ts aaa r. e Grand uchy of Luxembui being new tralized, aecordiug to ihe terms of the preceding article, the maintenance or establishment of fordvesses. upon its terri- tory becomes without necessity ax well av without ob ject, In consequence, it is agreed by common consent that the faly of Luxemburg, conslaered tp tire past in military pofnt of view as w federal fortress, shall cease to be u fortibed is aise. the King Grand Duke reserves to himself to maintain in that city the number of troops necessary to pro- vide Sn it for the maintenance of good order, nd— Ant, 6, The Powers signing parties to the present treaty re cognize that the dissolution of the Germanic Confederation wing equally produced the dissolution of the ties which Duchy of Limburg, collectively with the Grand Duchy of Luxemburg, to the sald confederation, it resulte thererom that the relations of which mention lam ade in articles three, four and five of the treaty of the 19th of April, 1889, between the Grand Duchy and certain territories belong: {Beto he Duchy of Limburg, pave ceased to exist, the ‘it territories continuing to form the ‘ategral part of ‘the kit: BISMARCK ON THE SECRET TREATY. Prussian Diplomatic Indictment of Napoleon. Count Bismarck, as Chancellor of the North Ger- man Confederation, has addressed the following cit colar despaten to the repvesentatives of the North German Confederation at the Courts of neutral States:— BERLIN, July 20, 1870. ‘The expertation expressed by Lord Granvilie and Mr. Gindswone iu the British Puriigment that more exact In‘ormation in reference to the draft treaty of Count Benedetti would be furnisued by the two Powers concerned was in # preliminary manner fulfilled on our side by the telegrams which I ad- dressed to Count Bernstorf on ith inst. Teie- graph form only enabled me to make a short state- ment, which | Low complete in writing. Tae docu- ment published by the London 7ynes contalus by no means the only proposition of a similar uature which has been made to us on te part of the French, Even before the Danish war attempts addressed to me were made both py official and unoitictal Freact ents to effect an wiliance betwecn France and Prus- sia, With the object of mutual aggrandizement. Itis scarcely necessary for me vo point out the imposs- bility of such @ transaction for a German Minister, ‘whose position 18 dependent on his veg in accord with the national feeling; Its explanation isto be found in the want of acquaintance of French states- men with the fundamental conditions of exisience among other peoples. Had the agents of the Puris Cabmet been competent to observe the state of Ger- man affairs such ap illusion would never have been entertained in Paris as that Prussia could permit herseli to suey the ald of France in regulating Ger- man affairs, Your Excellency 1s, of course, as well acquam‘ea as J am myself with the Ignorance of the Freach as regards Germany. The endeavors of the French government to carry out, with the assist- ance of Prussia, i/s covetous views in reference to Belgium and the Rhive frontier, were brought to my notice even before 1562, theretore belore my acces- Blon to the Ministry of Foreign Atiars, 1 cangot regard itas my task to transfer such commanica tions, which were purely of a personal nature, to the sphere of internaiional negotiation, anu t believe tv will be best to withhold the most in- teresung contribution which I coud make to- wards the elucidation of the matter from private letters and conversations. The above mentioned tendencies of the Freuch government were first re- cognizable by the external influence on European pollucs ana the attitude favorable to us which France assumed tu the German-Danish conflict. ‘The subsequent bad feeling which France displayed towards us in reierence to the treaty of Gastien was attributable to the appreneusion lest a durabie strengiheuing of the Prusso-Ausirian alliance showd deprive tue Parts Uabinet of the traits of this its atiwade. France belore 1965 reckoned upon the outbreak of war between us and Austria and again willingly nade approaches to usas 00n as our re- says £13,000,000 have been spent, but which he hears are unarmed; tie right honorable ae is Cer- tainly wrong as to his figures, for | belteve not more than halt the sum he has mentioned has been ex- pended, but he ts right as to bis armaments. Those are certuialy not in the forts, but they are periectly ready to be put in place as soon a3 the forts are fimshed, (fear, neaw) The right honorable gentle- men wants to know whether each of our batialions has @ pretty large complement of men, to which I must reply that, with the exception of a certain num- ber of battalions, they are upon a very low establish- meut, for Which reason we mean to-morrow to ask the authority of Parliament to ratse them to a foot- ing more adapted for their economical use in ser- vice, if unappiy it be neces ary. Then, sir, the Tight honorable gentieman asks what is we supply Ol arm» of precision, to which I reply that it is ade- quate Jor every immediate purpose. (Cries of “No.”’) Then, tf honorable geutiemen know better than we du, by all means let them give to the House the benefit o1 their superior information, But, though suiliclent for every immediate purpose, her Mayesty’s government intend to ask for a vote of credit in order tuat an additional supply may ve obtained, 80 as to meet any contingency that may arise, (Hear, hear.) With regard to the question of stores, Lhope the right honorable gentieman will consider the answer that was given earlier in the evening by my right honorabie Iriena near me was suficient, But tits, at any rate, we are prepared to abide by, and I think 1 have shown it conciusively, that wé have not only maintained, but we have greatly improved, the military condition of the country, which the right honoravie gentleman charges us with having weakened and reduced, (Hear, Lear.) I believe, sir, that comparison is the onty mode by which a discussion of this Kind can be properly conducted; but I do not think it was worthy of the rigbt Lonorable gentleman to refer to the skuled artisan. What was the case when the right honorable genueiman, who bas twitted her Ma- fests ’s government, was in ofice’ I am sorry that in introducing this u/fortunate inverpellation into his speech the right honorable gentieman has com- pellea me to draw into @ national debate recoliec- tions and considerations of party; but Lamon my defence. (Hear, hear.) Does he not recollect the boasis of yeduction which in the last months and. weeks of his term of office, and particularly on the eve of the general election, his government laid be- fore the people? (Hear, hear.) Did they discharge ted artisans in 1868? (An honorable mem- .) Weil, if that be so my colleagues bave misinformed me most abominably; but this we are prepared to maintain, that in 1s¢8 five thousand skilled artisans were discharged by the government of the right honorable gentleman, while my right honorable friend is responsible for the removal of three thousand only, (Near, near.) In this par- ticular the statement of the right honorabie gen- Uemun has recoiled upon himself. It 13 really me- Jancholy to have to reier to these facts in a debate like the present; but, sir, come what may, I beheve that the House has no option except to rely in the main, with respect to the forces of the country, upon the responsibility ol the government. I do not grudge at ail that we should have been chatlenged to the extent we nave, for it will not be to our depri- ment, however far the examination may proceed in regard to <ietails, Itis entirely a matter of public policy for this Hoyse to decide how far, in the inte- rest of the nation, the investigation should proceed; but this I will say, that we should, indeed, be totally unworthy to hold the places we occupy through the confidence of tie sovereign and of Parliament if, for the sake of popularity, we at any time or in any circumstances knowingly weakened the power and so endangereg tle fame, the char- acter and the glory of this country. (Hear, hear.) By comparison with our predecessors I think we stand the test; but I admit that there is a higher standard than such @ comparison, The deepest re- ity 18 imposed on those who at @ period like ‘harged with the conduct of affairs, Her Majesty's government have maturely weighed what the country requires, and we now submit to Parlia- ment ihe result of our deliberations in the belief that What we ask is calculated to fit us for the discharge of our duty, to enable us to maintain such a digni- fled and friendiy lervaer as will carry with it no suspicion, and will not, under the idea of securing safety, introduce new elements of danger and dis- turbance; to give us the best hope we can possess of accomplishing that which is the object nearest. our hearis—namely, (0 maintain intact the charac- ter and fame of Pngland while this unhappy war shall continue, and possibly at some blessed moment to be, elther alone or along with others, the chosen bearers of a message af peace, (Cheers.) ‘ BELGIUM. The Britisa Guarantee Trenties of 1831, 1839 and 1867. A British Parllamentary paper gives the treaties which constitute England’s obligation to watch over the independence and neutra‘ity of Belgium and Luxemburg. The most important Is the treaty of 15th November, 1851. The treaty signed at London, April 19, 1839, in the twenty-four articies annexed to and forming part of it, repeats tn effect the treaty of 1831. The only changes made are in the dates, the amount of Netherlands’ public debt allotted to Belgium and the omission of article 14, also relating to the Dnanctal part of the arrangement, ‘The guarantee by the five Powers remains tntrinsically the same, the operating words to this effect being:— In 1881:— Art, 25. The Courts of Great Britain, Austria, France, Pruvsia and Russia guarantee to his Majesty the ibe of the yxecation of wil ra be i artic! a consequence of the stipulations of the present hall be ets an ndship between their ‘Kong of the United Kingdom of Great Britain the Emperor of Austria, the King ot the French, Prussia °° the Emperor of the Russias on ti King of the Belgians on the King of one park and bie Ma, say the 2 Otter part, their heirs and successors, theif reapectiv States aud subjects, forever. me rene in 1839 :— ARTIOLE 1, Her Majesty the Queen of the United King- dom of Great Britain and Irei Sy bis Majesty Ge ‘mperst of Austria, King of Hungary and ‘Bohemia, his Majesty the King of the French, bis Majesty the King of Prussia and bis Majesty the Emperor of all the Russias declare that the articles hereunto annexed, and forming the tenor of t) treaty coneided this day between his Majesty the King o el ay the Netteriands, the Belgiaus and his jeaty the King of Grand Duke of Luxemburg, are considered as having the same force and validity as if they were textually inserted in the present acl and that they are thus placed under the guarantee of thelr said Majenties, The last treaty, that of the 11th of May, 1867, relates to Lax- emburg. ‘This wae wiso sigued at London, aud was made be jatiogs wiih Viena began to be unfriendly. Before the outbreak of the Austrian War propo- sais were madeto me, partiy Urough relatives of his Majesty the Emperor of the French and paruy by confidential agents, Which eavin Gane had for Weir objects Smaller or larger transactions for (he pur- pose of effecting mutual aggrandizement. At one lime the negotiations were about Luxemburg or about the frontier of 1814, with Laadaa and Saar- louis; at another aboustarger objects, from which the French Swiss cantons and te question where the Unguisic boundaries of Piedmont were to be drawa were not excluded. In May, 1866, these pre- tensions took the form of @ proposition for an ofren- sive and defensive aliiance, and the folowing ex- tract of its chief features is in my possession > 1. En cas de Congres, poursuivre d'accord In cession dela Venetic a italic et Mannexion des Duches ala Prusse. 2. 5 le Congres n’avoutit pas ailance ofensive et aefensive. (3), Je Rol de Vrusse commencera ies hosiiites dans les dix jours do la separation di ongres. °4,° Sile Congres ne se reuntt pas, la Prusse att dans 30 jours apres ia signature du presenttraite, 5. L'Empercur des Francats declarera la guerre a PAuiriche, des que les bostilitos weront commences euire 'Autriche et Ia Prusse en 80 Jours, 210,000. 6. fers pas de paix separes avee !’Autriche, 7." La seus les conditions suivant ; Im Venetic russe les territuires Allemanas ci-dessous (7&8 m: apres au ehorx plus, la reforme federale cans le sien); pour Ia France, le territolre entre Mosel favs Coblence ni Mayence comprenazt 610,00 ames de Prusse, la Baviere, rive gauche au Riin, Bukeniesd, Hom- bourg, Darmstadt, 415,000 ames. $. Convention militaire et muritime eutre 1a ce et lu Vrasee des ia signature. (Adhesion du Kot ditaile), ‘The strength of the army with which the Em- peror, ia accordance with articie dve, would assist ritien explanations placed at 300,000 or of souls comprised tn the aggran- dizement which France sought for 1,500,000 souls, according to French calculations, which, howeve did not agree Wita the actual staustios. Every on Wio 13 famiuar With the secret diplomatic and mil tary history of the year 1566 will see glimmering Uirough these clauses the policy which France pui- Sued stiamtaneously towards italy (with whom she at the same time so secretly negotiated), and subse- quently towards Prussia and Italy. In June, 1806, after we had rejected the above scuemes of alliance, notwithstanding several alinost threatening waruings io accept it, the French gov- ernment began to caiculate ou thé Austrians being victorious over us, and upon our jaaking a bid Sor Freach assistance, after the eventuality of our de- feat, to pave tue way for which, diplomatically, Frenca dipiomacy was occupled to the uttermost. ‘That the Congress auticipateu inthe foregoing dra‘t of alliance, and again proposed jater, would have had the eifect of causing our three months’ alitance wiih Italy to expire without our having profited by it ig weli known to your Excellency, as is also the fact that France, in the iurther agreements relative to Custoza, was busied in prejudicing our situation, and, if posaivle, bringing about our aeteat. The patriotic affliction of tue Minister Rouher furnishes @ comment upon the further course of events. Since that time France has not ceased leading us inv temptation vy offers at the cost of Germany and Belgium. Ihad never any doubt as to the impossi- billiy of acceding to any such offers, but 1 consider it useful, In the interests of peace, to permit the French statesmen to hold these illusions, peculiar to them, 80 jong as it should be possibie so tw do with- out giving even a verbal assent to their propositions. 1 imagined that the annih tiation of the French hopes would endanger the preservation of peace, the main- tenance of which was in the interest both of Ger- many anu Europe. 1 was not of the opinion of those politicians who considered it unadvisabie to shun by all means In one’s power @ war with France on the ground that such @ war Was in any case unavold- able. No one can so clearly foresee the designs of Divine Provideace, and joog Upon even a victorlous War as a0 eyii in itself, which the states- manship of a country must sirive to spare its peopie. J could not in my calculations leave out the oasibility that in the Constitution «nad policy of France ellauges wight avise which would relieve the two great neighboring people from the necessity of war—a hope which was javored by each posipone- ment of the rupture. For these reasous | was silent About the propoettions made, and delayed the nego- tlations about them withouteveron my side giving a promise. After the negotiatiations with bis Majesty the King of the Netheriands fell, as 1s well known, to the ground, extenaed proposais were again ad- dressed to me by France, inciuding in their purport Belgium and South Germany, At this conjuncture comes the communication of the Benedetil manu- script. That the French ambassador, without the assent of his sovereign, and op his own responsibil- ity, drew up these propositions, handed them to me, and negotlated them, modifying them in certain places as L advised, 1s as unlikely as was the state- ment on another occasion that the Emperor Napo- leon haa not agreed to the demand for our surren- dering Mayence, which was officially made to me in August, i8e6, by the French ambassador un- qer vbreat of war in case. of our refu- sal, The different phases of French bad feel- ing and lust for war which we _ have gone through from 1866 to 1869 coincided with toler- able exactness with the willingness or unwillingness, for negotiations which the French agents believed they met with in me. In 1866, at the ume when the Belgian railway affair was being prepared, 1t was in- timated to me by a high personage, Who was not @ stranger to the former negotiations, that in case of a French occupation of Belgium ‘nous trouverions notre Belgique ailieurs.”” Similarly on other occa- sions I had been given to understand that in a solution of the Eastern question France woula seek its share not in far off places, but close upon its boundaries. 1am under the impression that it was oniy the definitive conviction that no enlargement frontiers was to be achieved wita us that has led the Emperor to the determination to strive to obtain ft against us. Ihave, besides, reason to be- heve that nad the publieation in question not taken lace, sO 800n as Our and the French preparations Tor War were No ee) propositions would have been made to us by France jointly, aud, at the head of @ million armed men, to carry out against wo- armed Europe the proposals formerly made to us, and either before or after the first batue to conclude peace on the basis of the Benedettl proposals and fat the expense of Belgium. Concerning the text of these proposals, I remark that the a: in our ates ge is from beginning to end from the hand of Count Benedetti, and written on the paper of the Imperial French Embassy, and Uat the ambassadors here, including the represen- tatives of Austria, Great Britain, Russia, Baden, Belgium, Hesse, Italy, Saxony, Turkey and Mh a who have seen the original, have re- cognized the handwriting. In article one Count | Benedewss at the very aust reading withdrew the closing passage, placing itin brackets, after I had remarked that it presupposed the interference of France in the interual affairs of Germany, which I, even in private documents, could not allow. O! bis own accord he made an untinportant marginal cor- rection in article two, in my presence. On the 24th I informed Lord A. Loftus verbally of the ¢x- enee. of the document in question, and on his expressing Goupts Avited him to a personal inspec- ton of the said, the #7 el pout he took note of it and convinced himself that it was in the handwriting of his former French culleague. If the Imperial Cabinet now repudiates attempts for which it has sought since 1864, both by promises and threata, to obtain our co-operation, this 1s eastly to be explained iu presence of the political situation, Your Excellency wilt please read this docament to M.—--, aud hand him a copy. BISMARCK, MISCELLANEOUS MAIL ITEMS, By the steamship Clty of Brassels, at this port yesterday, we have the following interesting news items from Europe, dated to the sth of August, apart from our reports in history of the war;— The Royal Commission for the Maritime and Fis- ciculteral Exhibition at Naples fixed the 1st Decem- ber 48 the date for the opening. According to the circular of Messrs. Arles Dafour & On, of Lyons, France, the outbreak of war, as ‘lamentable as unexpected,” has nearly stopped all transactions in the silk markets of that city, Large orders of goods for Germany and Paris were withdrawn; but, on the other hand, in consequence of the suspension of work In the silk manufactories of Ruenish Prussia and of many districts of Switzer- land, some important purchases have been made for English and Russian consumption at reductions. ‘The French naval training ship Jean Bart had arrived in the roadstead of Cherbourg. The pupils were immediately transferred to the active squad- Ton as aspirants for honor, ‘The journals of Mulhausen announce the death of M. Daniel Dollfus, brother of the manufacturer of the same name, and well Known in the scientific world as @ learned geologist, ‘The New Free #ress of Vienna states that the King of Wirtemberg wished the National Bank of Austria to take charge of his royal private treasure, but that he met with a refusal, ‘The Prince Royai of Hanover, Ernest Augustus, offered his services to Denmark and received a com- mission as officer in the Danish navy. The Journal du Havre makes the following re- marks:— The Paris Univers declares that since we leave Rome wie Almighty will abandon us. That journal doubtless forgets that Prassta is Protestant, and u the God of the Catholics would act with in elvable levity 4, for such a trifle as Rome, he was to range himseif on the side of heretics. Only men, and those of iuited intelligence, throw themselves into the water to avoid a few drops of rain. M. Fourneir, representative of France at Stocs- holm, who was in Pans on leave of absence, has re- ceived prders to return to his post. Genetal Abelen, Swedish Minister of War, who was taking sea baths at Stromstadt, was recalled, Mer. Chigi, the Papal Nancio in Paris, visited the himpress Hugcnie at st. Cloud. ‘The tranquillity of the French capitat ‘was never more complete” than on August 3, Duke Adolphus of Nassau, instead of joining the Prussian army, as stated, arrived at his chateau at Hohenburg, in the mountains of Bavaria, A crab, says a London journal, has been caught In Yokahama Bay, Japan, which weighed about forty pounds, had legs over five feet im length, and its mouth contained two large teeth. When in the water its strength Was such that tt covld have quite overpowered @ man. Count de Rayneyal, French Minister at Dresden, has arrived in France. The Paris Univers announces that Cardinal Bona- parte signified to the Emperor a uesire to watch over the Prince liperiat and be attached to bis person as chapiain, We find the following tn the Paris Temps of August 2 We mentioned yesterday the forced prolongation of bills failing due ia Germany as very likely to be carried oat, This henceforth is an accomplished fact.. AS the tripuuals retused to proceed against debtors, prevented by the unconutroliabie circum stances of the war froim meenng their engagements, the governments found it easier to legitimatize tho siiuation, something analogous occurred in France for the first time in 1830 and afterwards in is4s. But here in France we have every reason to velieve the gencral soundness of our finanpiu! position, and the good and sensrbie understanding that exists ve- tween commercial men and the bank Will make 1t unnecessary Lo have recourse to such an abnormal expedient. Prince George Bibesco, who made the campaign of Mexico with the staff of General Douay, resumed his service with the same commander, ‘The latest intelligence brought by the Bastern mail from the Danubian Principalities represents the sympatiues of the Roumain populations in favor of France as deep and unanimous, “Neither the Mol- davians nor the Waillachians,” observes the Paris Constituiionnel, “have forgotten the debt of grati- tude they owe to the Emperor, and the whole coun- try puts ap ardent prayers for the success of the Fr h armies’? PAPAL INFALLIBILITY. Pere Myacinthe’s Opinion of the Dogma~ Pius the Ninth on the Resuit. [From Galignani’s Messenger, August 3.] Father Hy A ublished a long letter, in which he examines the question as to whether Catn- olics are bound to accept the doctrine of Infallibiuty. Ke decides in the negative; first, because, for an Ecumenical Council to have any veritable authority it must be perfectly free, and in his opinion the present one lias not been 80, as js proved by ihe re- peated protests of so many ilustrious bishops; and next he remarks that the representative character of the assembly will not be aduaitted by the Churen at large, as he asserts that the bishops, who are the Witnesses of the faith, are iimited beforehand by that very character, and can only exercise their functionson truths whica have always and ever: where been acknowledged. If, thereiore, they ex- ceed the powers confided to them the Church cannot recognize the urbitrary work accomplished, and the Council Will remain without authority. He there- fore infers that at this moment a greater danger exists of @ schism than has ever before existed, He then adds:— At such moments every Christian has the right to raise his voice in defence of his faith and tat of ali.” For myself, 1 feel an interior pressure to accomplish. that duty, and, as the prophet ways, to deliver my soui:—Ze autem aninarn tuam Merastte I protest, therefore, azine? the pretended dogma of the lisfalability of ihe Pope, euch as it 1s formulated In the decree of the Council of Rome. The reason is that i am Catholic and that I desire to remain 60; therefore I refuse to admit, ae imp on the creed of the faithful, a doctrine ecel esiasticad antiqutt ted even to-day and which implies lopment, but @ radical change in the con- » Church and in the immutable rule of ite faith. Because 1 am a protest with all my soul Awarded to ® man who is presented to our falth—1 was about to say our worship—as uuitiag In hia person both the domination wich Is repuguant to the spirit of the Gospel of waich he is the minister and infalitbility, incompatible with the clay of which Le is formedilike us. Gne of the moat illustrious prececeseorf os Pius 1X., St. Gregory the Great, rejecced, as asign of anit-cl the ttle of Universat Bishop, which was offered him. What would he have aid of that'of Infallible Fond? On the 2uth September last I wrote the following lines on the eubject of tue Council about to meet:-"If fears, which Ido not share, should be re- alized, if the august assembly had no more liberty ta its. de- Hberations than it already bas in its preparation; it, in one word, ib was Cee of the essential! character of an Ecu- menical Council.1 should cry to God and to mento de- Mund enowuer, vertably united inthe Holy Spirit, notin the animus of parties, representing really the Universal Church not the sflence of some and the oppression of others.” at resent I raise this exclamation: 1 appeal to a council reall free and ecumenical, jAnd above al! to-day, as then, 1 appeal ood. ‘Men have been tmpuissant 10, secure. the triumph of ‘truih and justice; let the “Almighty arise and take His cause in hand and judge it. The Counell, which 3 was @ work of light and peace, has inten. sified the ness and unchained discord in’'the religious world, aponda to it as a terribieecho in the social rem. War is a scourge of God; but In bringing the chaatisement roay it not therefore prepare the remedy ? In removing the ancient editice, may it not clear the ground on which the Divine Spouse of’ the Church will construct te New Jerusalem? The Pope, lately talking with a diplomatist on the subject ol the situation in which he is placed by the retreat of the French troops, expressed himself in nearly the following words:— voulez vous? We shquid have to get up another Men- tata or to recommend ourselves to the forbearance of the Ttalian troops. As to the former we muat give up all idea of suich a course, a8. third French intervention would then be necessary, and that ia at present impossible. We must therefore rely upon God, and see if we cannot come tv an under mlanding with Italy. OBTAINING GOODS BY A BOGUS CHECK. On Saturday last a man, giving his name as Solo- mon Weiner, called at the store of W. H. & L. C. Thorne & Co,, of 68 White street, and, after inspect- ing a variety of goods, ordered a quantity of hose, valued at $148 handkerchiets to the value of fifty-nine dollars, and shirts sud drawers to the value of $191. ese goods were to ve sent to Wel- ner’s place of business, at No. 3 Chambers sircet, when, on recat che Money was to be paid for them. Thorne ‘8 clerk took the goods, with a receipted bill for ihe amount, and Weiner promptly signed @ check on the Bnil’s Head Bank for $394 67. Another clerk of Thorne & Co.'s was sent to the Bull's Head Bank to get tue check cashed; » On presenting i was informed that {ner had no account there, Subsequentiy tie to. were traced to $7 Liberty street and recovered. Weiner was yesterday arraigned at the Tombs Police Coart, before Judge Koch, and committed for triai, He said he was twenty-nine years of age. @ native of Germany, and not guilty, ALASEA. A Special Treasury Agent on Alaska Terri- tory—What He has to Say Regard. ing Our New Possession. Wasurnaron, D. C,, August 13, 1870, OUNALASKA, A. T., 1870, Colonel Frank N, WickER, Special Agent ‘'reasury Department;— Sin—In ny monthly reports to you many subjects wore treated upon In the supposition that I should be able to forward them to you without delay. As those portions have now lost whatever of interest ‘they possessed at the time of writing, | propose, in the foregoing paper, to insert only the more impor- tant parts of reports, made since December last. Ailreports on the Aleutian Islands that have fallen under my observation were mainly noticeable for their exaggerations and misstatements of facts. I noticed in my October report @ writer who set the population of the Aleutian Islands as high as 6,000 souls, Captain Petronsk!, a former Officer of Cus- toms in the Territory, exaggerates still more and puts it at 10,000, and Ko- diac at 4,000, Now, the Aleutian islands proper, tmcluding Kodiac, the neighboring Islands, the Allaska penlusala, and the islands of St. Paul and St, George do not, all combined, pos- #ess a population of quite 4,600, The language spoken by the Aleutes ts not, as is generally supposed, the same tiroughout all the istands; these are four distinct dialects. First is the Kodiac dialect, which 1s remarkable for its cor- respondence to the northern Indian language, and iffers much from the second, The Fox Isiand dia- lect, which is considered by the natives themselves ag asuperior or noble dialect. The former Greek Bishop of Sitka compiled a grammar and dictionary of this dialect, and translated into it several books of the New Testament. It is spoken in the Fox Islands, the Shonmaginski islands, the tslands of St. Pauland St. George, and by the natives of BillkKof- sky, on the peninsula. This dialect has many words in common, but differs matertally from the third, which 18 a coarser sounding dialect, and Known as Andrenoffski, and 13 spoken in the group of islands of that name, two of which are not in- habited—Atka and amelia, The Rat islands are not inhabited, but serve a3 hunting places for the Andre- noffski natives, The fourth and lastis the Biijnte aia- lect, spoken in the Blijnie Islands, only two of which are inhabited—Atton and Aggaton. This dialect is not understood by the natives of other Islands. ‘The present condition of the Alente 1s far above that of the Indian, Coming, as they lately do, from under the tron rule of the Russians, they are an obe- dient ana servile race of people, but at the same time very devout, The smallest settlement has its house of worship. They are of a mild and inotfen- sive character and strictly honest, but morality among them is very low; sons have been known to cohabit with mothers and brothers with sisters. Drunkenness, too, is common, They make a kina of liquor which they call “quass’' from four, water and sugar, and get beastly intoxicated upon It. A few of the natives can read and write the Russian Jaaguage, and all can speak it sulicienuy to make themseives understood. While the Aleutes are not wanting In courage their exploits in the © “baydarka,” skia canoe (the proof generally cite! by writers), are no criterion, They have been tuese boats from their eailiest consequently manage them y. They Kb S accustomed to childhood, and the with utmost vhen not rop u make long voyag two or more “baydarkas,”? aud in comparatively caim weather. Ina’ may be said never to risk anything; fatat accl- dents consequently seldom, if ever, happen to them, Tn buliding thelr houses the natives dig down be- low the surface of the ground for severai feet, using the dt and sods taken out to construct We walis above ground, which are generally from two to three feet high. The roofs are thatched with straw. ‘The buildings are at drst divided into two rooms, new Tooms being added as the family increase: r sons and daughters marry. Three or four often occupy one house. One room: is left in its rough state and is asec a kitchen and made a re- ceptacie for all rubbish in general; the other rooms are boarded up, and in these they eat und sleep, ‘The Aleute supports bimseif and family by fishing and hunting. A good hunter will yearly secure $1,000 worth of skins. The natives of each Village lay in, too, during the summer great quanti- tes of whale ot! and biubber for the winter's supply, botn articies being great staples of food with them. Every setuiement has a Kind of chief, whom they call *Tyhoon.” His authority depends entirely on his popularity, and in ali cases 1s very imited. “The “Tyhoon”” is elected by the popular Vote, and holds his position for life, The female portion of the population do ali the domestic labor. ‘They con- Struct from straw very fancy and durable baskets and mats, and are skilial with the needie, ‘The women of Avoutanick Island particularly excel in tue former art. ‘The following islands are known to possess coal:— Ounga, Zegaida, Atka and Amchitka, The old Muesian American Company had samples of the Ze- galda coal brought to unis place, and their black- sioith peonionmneegt auperine to Ourga coal, with which he had before veen supplt The coai of Atka is, from a description given me by t partes who have geen and exainined it, evidently of the brown or liguite variety. Of the coal of Amchitka 1 saw nothing further than of its existence in quan- uty. ‘yhe above information concerning Zegalda coal Induced me, the 2éth of February last, to start for that island. As the natives will never make a long voyage by single “baydarka,” I was compelled to hire four natives and two “baydarkas” to inake the I was delayed many days by storms. ‘Tue voyage in summe yuld easily be made in five days, ittook me fourteen, While the main object of this journey was to secure specimens from and to make an examination of the coal ved, I also made it a point of noting down everything of interest that fell under my observation. The lustory of each day, while it would serve to give you a correct tuea of travel by “baydarka,” would take up more space than Its importance will allow. ‘the storms, delays and dangers expertenced on this trip have taught the iesson that. while for purposes of discovery no better mode of travel can be devised, winter 18 not the season to launch such cra‘ts for a jong voyage. In voth going and returning I was compelled to go around the northern shores of Akoutan, instead of the shorter and more usaal route to the south of that island. I thus avoided the narrowest part of the Akoutan passage, where tae water was ranning with sach force, and was ip such a turbulent state, as torender the crossing dangerous in such frail boats. Onour return a tidal wave overtook us in this passage, and it required all the skill of the natives to prevent accident. The rush of waters through the narrowest of these passages 1s somes tiring fearial; the roar can be heard for miles, ‘The island of Akoutan nas no permanent settle- ment, u few huts only being scattered over It, which the natives from other islands occupy at different seasons of the year for huuting purposes. Jt is im- possible to imagine a more barren and wilder spot than seen by me whiie saliing along the northwestern coast of that island, Near the shore, surrounded by snow-covered hills, rises a mountain, with sides as black as ink, and with an immense pillar of smoke rolling from its summit. Below, and nearer the sea, at the foot of a high hill, is a smaller and extinct volcano, with symmetrical sides, whose summit cannot be over one hundred and fifty feet above the level of the sea. From its base '@ cape makes out into Behring sea, ‘This cape is formed of soltd rock, with perpendicular sides, which rise about sixty feet. Over this cape, over the sides of the surrounding hills and along the shores He the blackened remains of this smaii fire mountain, The cape has a particularly wild and desolate appearance, With its lava-crowned crest and sea-worn caverns, Believing the cape to be name- less, I christened it Vuican. The small extinct vol cano was formed in the year 1848. In tbat year the inhabitants of Ounalaska heard heavy reports, and at first supposed a vessel to be outgide in distress, but learned the true state of affairs when at night the glare of the eruption could be distinctly seen, Along the shores, and scattered among the lave, great quantities of pomice are round. The village of Akoun, and the only settlement on the island of Akoun, ts built on a bin@ which makes out into Akoun paseage in the southwest of the island, The place contains fourteen Aleute mud houses, one building formeriy owned by the Russian American Company, and now occupied*by # native trader of Hutchinson, Kohl & Co. ; a smali store owned by Taylor & Bendel, and achoreh. Its population ig about eighty. The country for miles back of the village is made up of roiling hills and pretty vil- lages, interspersed with ponds and winding brooks. ‘Phe smail islands of Avoutanick ana Zegalda have each one settement, The former contains seven mud houses and a church, with @ population of about forty. The latter ten houses and a church, with @ population of abeut “We This tnp only served to strengthen ap opinion I had long held of the practicability of extensive sheep raising on these islands. | They are mountainous, weil watered, feed is abundant, the natives keep no dogs, the fox is the largest wild animai in the islands, and while the hills du the winter are covered with snow to a great depth the low lands near the sea are bare the year round. ‘This may not be a fact as regards the more western islands, but it is as regards this and that nearer the peninsula. The coal bed is situated In the western part of Zegalda Island. The coal has ao slaty appearance. The woody texture is appareat. It burns with & dull fame, and throws out but little heat. It com- pares wel! with the samples of coal I have seen from different parts of the Territory, all of which is ev dently of later formation than that of the true coal era. Although the specimens received have perhaps been exposed to Alaska weather for centuries, the coal underground cannot increase in quality to such 5 @ degree as to warrant the belief that it is of any value whatever. the list of fars in my former reporta L represented them as purchased exclusively from the natives of this island; such, however, I have since learned, is not the case, The natives of Oumnak, Ahoren ‘and the two smalt Islands of Avoutanick and Zegalda also dispose of their fura here. The total number of skins purchased by the traders of this Place during the first five months of the year 1870 ‘Were 182 sea otter, 206 red fox, 132 cross fox, 38 black fox and 42 furseal. The sea otter are nearly all killed during the summer months; four hundred aking of this animal will be sold by the iatives of the above islands in the remaining seven months of the year, making the total amount for the whole Year between 600 and 600, The fur seal are killed uring the months of November ana December, and the fox during the winter. Not over 500 fur seal eking are pou Secured in the island named. Since the transfer of this territory to the United States government nothing has been attempted for the amelioration of tis people—the Aleutes, Jt can- not certainly be the intention of Congress to lea’ them in their present half-civilized stave. Ata very i expense to the government they might be brought to # much higher degree of civilization, aud ultimately would make good citizens, Were Con- gress to appropriate $30, for the first year and $10,000 per annum for four succeeding years, to be expended in establishing schools in thar principal villages throughout these islands, I am satisfied that at the end of five years such schools would be self- migaining. The natives are industrious, and so long as tho fur-bearing animals are protected they will never become a burden tothe government. Indeed, tha high price now paid for by the American tra- ders not only places the Aleule above want, but gives him a degree of influence not obtained by the Majority of the working classes of the States, Re- spectully submitted, F K M. BROWN, Assistant Special Agent. HAVE WE ANY DETECTIVES? Hew the Police are Appointed and Preme« tions Made. TO THB EpIror oF THE HERALD :— ‘The murderer of Nathan is yet at large. “The detectives, directed by the energetic Jourdan and sly Kelso, are working up the case, but yet have found no clue.” What visions of housebreaking, midnight murder, billies, muffled sledges, bludgeons and dark lanterns the foregoing Suggests, With what vividness the illustrations of Poe, the exploits of Jonathan Wild and the adventures of Vidocq are recalled. Vidocg, with his wonderful talent for disguise, his woifish though intelligent puramt, his love for his profession,. his courage and prolidc display of expedients in time of need, naturally suggests the question Have we any detectives? Past and recent unpunished crimes answer no! Our city government ig ‘a3 perfect as the mind of man can make it,” but it Is tree, and therefore more liable to abuse than “strong” governments, The dema- gogue who by reason of his loud talk and murderous propensities “bosses” a crowd of our dangerous. se4, receiving asthe quid pro quo an office the duties of which he is unable to perform, is not the least of our abuses. The means that places an ignorant and corrupt demagogue in a post- tion that ought to be filed by an able and respectable man is used 10 procure an ap- polutment on the police, It is the same with regard to promotion, The Police Comuissioners do not select the best men from the numerous applicants, but appoint those who are recom- mended by the said commissioners’ most usefal or most powerful constituents, The commissioners kin hothing about their appointees’ moral charact in of the precinct in which the ap poitee resides hunts him up, and by tuis means | prevents teves or rowdtes from slipping m; but the ¢: nm has nothing todo With itis incellectual fen sequently agreat many Who are only fit for the plasnest manttal labor are appoiated. The educationgi siandard is to be abic to read and write English. Now, sit, we will suppose six new appointees, just out of choo! of police instruction, assiyired to the Twenty-uinth precinct. Paddy O’Pairandeasy thinks patrolling too hard, and casts about jor some- thing m the ward with nothing to do and every night off, fie lias a relative, Dr. Spaadium, a poli- tical Duil; said bull tosses out the poor fellow who is disabled smce che 1563 riot, and Paddy waiks in, Hans Bigbellybum woatd like to be car detective; “there 18 something to be made there—never copper Uriah Rocudshouiders detective, 80 that he may buy @ house ana tol. Waters (smart New York “boy’’) would go for roundsman; has ‘pall’? enough for ser can’t wrice well enough to Keep the biotter; will #000 go for headquarters detectiy ne Will be honkidor, Willlam Howard has no frends; had enough to do to get on; glad to get 11; Lad to write twelve hours a day for twelve dollars per k. Bil Maher is a tradesman: the strike ve made trade bad; thought twenty-five dc a week steady was beiter tham five dollars a day id work only three days in the week. Paddy Fairandeasy worked ali ty ibe quarrying stone, Huns solid cabbages. Unah was a tuller of the soil, Jim lived on his father—did nothing par- uicular ‘untii fc got om the police. These men are now turiy years old, and are going to learn a trade, in which they will have to cope with meu “whose tnueriauce is thievery, improved by a life-long practice. The police rules say that promations shall be made for merit only. Every policeman will teil you this isa farce, and will prove itis 80. For exaup Mee, at the risk of his iife, captured R. him detective, but, suspecting him of cracy” sentiments, he and forced to resign to make room for one more or- thodox. Hans “Posh had five peaking charges in one Month; was, us a jast resort, transferred to Captain Petty; Petty gave lim up; was transferred to an up- town’ precinct; had a ‘charge every week; his Political iriends always saved niin. He ‘then applied for ward detective; was opposed by his captam and Superintendent ‘Kennedy, onthegrounds that he lacked intellig and in- dustry, and was unfit to be even a common police- man. Notwithstanding all this he wos appointed detective, ‘This system 1s the cause of tie demoral- ization which Jourdan and bis fifty mouchards will never remedy. ‘This 18 Why any crime requiring ingenuity, and in which murder prevents compro- Inise and compounding, always remains a mystery. JOSEPH O'CARROLL, late Twenty-first ward police. WATERING PLACE NOZES. Morris Phillips, of the Zome Journal, 1s spending the hot weeks at Montreal, having goue by way of Saratoga, Niagara and the lakes. He returns next month, after a visit to West Point. J. S. Hallock, of New Hartford, Conn., has disposed of his place to Clara Louise Kellogg, who designs to remove the preseut dwelling and erect a beautiful summer residence upon the site, in preference to the locality originally obtained tor that purpose. ‘The new purchase has been named ‘Brookside,’ and will hereafter be known by that charming utle. ‘The native beauty of the spot, combined with an exquisite view and beautiful streams, makes in alla pecuhar fitness for the purpose she will devote it to. Among the late arrivals at Long Branch are:—Miss Ida Lewis, Newport; Mrs. General Snead and Mrs. General Noble; Mr. and Mrs, 8. Moss, Montreal; Mrs. Carpenter and Mrs. J. A. Byrnes, New York; Misa Young, Ohlo; Miss Katle Lyons, New Jersey; Misa Olvany, New York; Mr. and Mrs. E, C. Cozzens, West Point; Mrs. E. Kelley, Mrs. H. Doolittle, Mra, W. M. Moss, J. W. Sedgwick and wile, Mr. and Mra, George H. Studwe!l, Mr. and Mrs. Johu H. Weber, Miss A. E. Vreeland, Miss M. C. Rapp, Miss K: Van Wagener, Miss Tobey and Mrs. ©. S. Bo, New York; Miss Ella Stockton, Mias Carrie Bullock, Miss Katte Ruok aud Miss EXuma Sharpe, Marcus L. Ward, ex-Governor of New Jersey, and J. W. tucard, Mayor of Newark. Governor Jewell, of Connecticut, is spending a few days at Newport. At Cape May we find Mr. and Mrs, L. Harwood, and Mr, and Mrs. W. B. Chamberitn, of New York. The following tollets were the features at a recent event at tho Union Hotel, Saratoga:—Mra. A. T. Stewart, of New York, was attired in ich pearl- colored silk, ful! court train, cut in polnts and bound with cherry satin; the front of the skirt was elabo- rately trimmed with ptpings of pear! satin and cherry velvet; low corsage and short siceves; rich Jace shawi and fuil set of rare diamonds. Mra. J. B. Jones, of New York, was dressed in a pink silk, train skirt, overdress and overskirt of Valenciennes; low corsage and short sleeves of the Jd sik and high corsage and long sleeves of the Valenciennes; peart ornaments. Mrs. N. H. Decker, of New York, wore ‘8 biue and white striped silk, en traia, overskirt and panier of Valenciennes; high corage and jong sleeves; Valenciennes berthe; sasn of bre and white stripes; very rich coral necklace, earrings aud pin. Migs Hilton, of New York, was dressed in blue silk, full train, having one d flounce headed with @ pleating of the sik; “shoo fy" overskirt trimmed with a pleated ruche;-heart shaped corsage; Marlo Louise sleeves; the cor: and sieeves trimmed to match overskirt; beautiful pearl set. Miss Josie Hilton, of New York, wore a gros grain peari silk, full train, having a deep flounce headed by @ rac! of ravelled sik; “shoo fy’? overskirt trimmed with @ ravelled ruche; corsage and sleeves the same atyle as her sister, trimmed with ruches ot ravelled silk; heavy gold set—pin, earrings and necklace. Prom Cape May we learn thaton Thursday even- ing @ social hop Wea given at Congress. Hali, There ‘were no elaborate toilets made by tho ladies, but all dreased for comfort and in good taste. A very pleas- ant evening was enjoyed by il preeeoe A moonlight hop recently took place on the plaza of the Stockion House, —. somewhat of @ novelty in the anuse- ment line a large number of aes were present and joined heartily In the festivities of the evening. ‘The affair proved a success. The only drawback was the dim and unoertatn quality of borrowed light afforded by the luminary ofthe night. Podworth was equal to the emergency, aud gave the daucers @ stunnive programme and in the best style.