The New York Herald Newspaper, May 17, 1870, Page 6

6 W YORK HERALD BROADWAY AND ANN STREET, JAMES GORDON BENNETT, PROVRIETOR, or news letter and telegraphic be addressed New York All busi deepatches must Hera, Letiers and packages should be properly sealed Rejected communications will not be re~ turned, ublished every day in the THE DAILY HERALD, year. Four cents per copy, Annual subscriplon price BAB. THE WEEKLY HERALD, every Saturday, at Five per copy. Annual subscription price:— Volume XXXV.... AMUSEMENTS MUSEUM AND 3 ERIE, Broadway, cor- bat. Matinee daily. Performauce every evening. NIDLO'S GARDEN, Broadway—Tuz Drama or Mos- Quin BOWERY THEATRE, Bower Gvuarp—Lion oF Nowia—G BOOTHS THEATRE, 23d st., between Sth and 6th ava— Fox Versus Goost—Losr Asnore. woop ner 7’ EYERAN OY THE OLD D& NOTHING. WALLACK'S THEATRE, Broadway und 19a streot.— THF Lancers. wt AVENUE THEATRE, Twenty-fourth st.-Fnov- YRENCH THEATRE, Mia et. and 6th av.—TuE Lapy or THE TAMMANY, ENTERTAINMENT. Fourteentn strovt.—GRanp VARIETY ACADEMY OF MUSIC, Manta. treet —ITALIAN OPERA— OLYMPIC THEATRE, Brondw Bionve Wa, GRAND OPERA HOUSE, corner of Eighth avenue and Wd wt.—Tne TWELVE TRMPTATIONS. MBS. F. B. CONWAY'S PARK THEATRE, Brooklyo.— Tux Lone Sraike, THEATRE COMIQUE, 514 Brondway.—Comio Vooat- 18M, NRGKO AOTS, &0. " TONY PASTOR'S OPERA AIC Hous. 201 Bowery.—-Comio Vooatsm, NEGRO MINSTRE BRYANT'S OPERA HOU! Bt.—bRYAST'S MINSTRED. SAN FRANCISCO MINSTRELS, 585 Broa iway,.-ETu10- TIAN MINSTEELSEY, &C. KELLY & LEON’ MINSTRELS, No. 720 Brondway.— Cuine Cuow Hi HOOLEY'S OPERA HOU. STEELS —PANORAMA, PRC —Tur Fare ONE WITH , Tammany Building, 1th Brooklyn.—BooLey’s MIN- 88 OF AMERICA, &C. CENTRAL PARK GARDEN, 7th av., between 68h and 6b sts, THKODORE THe ULAR CONCERTS. COOPER INSTITUTE, »-LreruR ON Ni- TROUS OXIDE, OF LAUGHING G. NEW YORK MUSEUM OF ANATOMY, 618 Broadway, — ScIENCE AND A TRIPLE. New ¥ ork, “SHEET. May said ilidut babeucr ai CONTENTS OF TO-DAY?S HERALD. PaGr. 4A—Advertisements. Q—Ariverixe.nents. 2—Washington: Spir't-ad Debate Over the Bill Enforcing the Ffreenth Amendment; Bing- ham’s Volored Suffrage Bill Passed the Hou-e; Ths Tariff Hil Suelved; General Schenck’s Hill Amending the Revenue Laws: ‘The In- ome Tax Retained—The Public Schoo! Pesca- Continusnce of the Examination Before mnmit es of School Commiastoners—Lec- a ’Gorman—A Latter Day Apos- ann. we Regicide Plot Against Napoleon ; ret Letter” and “Surgical Opera- dur ie New Reatoetinur mie French try.—An Aerial Man Trap—Pollce Triais— e Knie at Muadnight—Cuba: Golcoura’s Satement; Fight Mansani Cuban fn: Me ting—Redeeming New Jersey—News froin Ch na. 5—Pro-ced ngs in the r York Courts—The fhe Bond Sensation —The Teuement island Mystery— inl Reports—Vetoes nd Naval Intelii- Agan—Mnnierpal A House Al avy—A_ Rho Vinancial and Comu by the Governor—Army iS. How to Relieve ment Announcements, ‘8 from all Parts of the World ; xeel'ent Health and Among the The French Cabumet After Recon-truc- ish Legislation for the Colonies; jcalism anda “Scare” in London— International Yacht Race—Amusements— The Mercantile Labrary Election—Done_ to Deuwth—Matrimonial Jars—Kilted on the Erie Ka lway—Obituary—The National Game—A = Attempt to Rob the Press—Burned to Nixon, the Bloomingdale Murderer— ness Notices. Peopl otomac; the President, the Cabinet aud the Two Houses on a La k; 10 Aig i e There and What Was Done—Amuse- "rtisements, tion Day: Polis Open at Six A. M. and at Five P. M.—Workingmen’s Cla‘ms— Sut ay School "ie achers’ Association—*“‘Sister to ‘he Mocking Bird"—Personal Intelligence— Help the Struggling Patriots—Death from Lockii men Stabbed—Shippiog In- tell ge ements. d—Advert 12—Advertisements. Tnz Roven anp Reapies, it is generally supposed, will not be very enthusiastic as re- peaters to-day. The machine has not been geared to their liking, and they are somewhat disgusted that it runs or can be made to run without them. Well, well, it is an old and true saying that you can’t boast of having your cake after somebody else has eaten it. Revowvtiomisa IN Loxpon. —England has had « radical revolutionary ‘‘seare.” A number of Irish gentlemen who visited London from Birmingham on Sunday were arrested before they had time to enjoy the ‘“‘sighta” of the great metropolis. The main charge fgainst them appears to be that they had vee, of money and pistols. If this consti- tutes treason in London the magistrates do not rule according to New York law. Plenty of money treason in an Irishman! Nonsense ! Every gentleman in Ireland who wishes to live up to the memories of the “ould times” moust come to N New Yorlk at once. 7 Iuatiration on Born Stipes oF THE ContI- weENT.—Over nine thousand emigrants arrived fat New York from Europe last week, We Tearn, too, that the Pacific mail steamer Japan, which arrived at San Francisco last Friday, Yrought fourteen hundred passengers, thirteen hundred of whom were Chinese emigrants. Thus the tide of population is swelling on both sides of the Continent. Let the people come. There is room enough, cheap land enough, plenty of well paid employment and abundant resources for all. The United States can sus- taina population of four or five hundred mil- lions, . Nor need there be any fear of admitting the various nationalities and races, We can mould them to our institutions and make them useful in developing and increasing the wealth bf the country, The prospect is that within twenty years this country will be the most populous of all the civilized countries of the world, and that there are many men living who will see a hundred millions of iahabitants in the United States, NEW YURK HERALD TUBSDAY, How to " Melleve the City. The Governor's veto of the Arcade Railway bill is a righteous act, and meets the approval of the whole comunity, excepting only those coteries of sharpers who live by contriving the passage of outrageous laws aud then selling to capitalists tho privileges such laws secure; ex- cepting also, of course, some overgrown railroad nmonopolisis who cannot endure with pationce any restraint upon their arrogant invasion of the rights of others, In the document in which the Governor communicates his official action on the bill he examines its more impor- | tant provisions; and the perusal of his exposi- tion of these will excite a natural wonder how it came about that the friends and advocates of the bill eseaped respective coats of tar and feathers at the hands of an indignant people. The reasons supporting the Governor's official action are stated with overwhelming force, and they present such a picture of proposed outrage upon a people that it is scarcely con- ceivable how a legislative body could so betray its trust as to give its sanction to the bill. If such a bill as this Arcade abomination can pass through both houses of our State Legislature, after due time given for delibera- tion, and after exposure by the press and the people of its enormities, what bill may not pass, and to what infamous schemes will our law makers not give countenance for a fee? Let the people read Governor Hoffman's veto to justly appreciate the evil to which a Legis- lature may be equal, and to justly appreciate also from what iniquities the State may be saved by a fearless and upright Executive. For all the astonishing privileges given by this bill there was an implied consideration certainly of value to the people. This con- sideration waa that the company should afford to the people facilities for travel by steam from one extremity to the other of this island, There is no probability that the company would ever have fairly complied with this con- tract. It might have given transit to and fro between certain points, where it found it highly profitable, and would certainly have had no regard to the convenience of people on the less paying parts of its route, as no security or guarantee was required of it, But in this supposed consideration we still see the great need of the people of this city. Un- doubtedly we are very badly off for satisfac- tory moans of communication between the extremities of the town, and there is no city in the world so peculiarly placed to make such communication an imperative necessity to comfort and convenience. Business is cen- tred in one section of the city to an extent scarcely known in other cities, and from that business part of the metropolis dwelling houses are so absolutely crowded out that after business hours it seems like some plague-ridden, desolate, deserted city, while the thousands who lately swarmed there have gone, by general migration, to another part of the town, miles away. In Paris and London there is no such definite division of the city as this; yet there they have easy, conve- nient, well regulated and rapid means of loco- motion from point to point, and here we have only the choice of the unendurable horse car, the lumbering, impossible omnibus, or a long and weary walk. Our need, therefore, of rapid, comfortable transit is one upon which we cannot insist too much; and there are persons who argue that, he Arcade Railway would have su; ee we suvUL huve accepted it with ail its enormities. But while we doubt whether that company would have lived up to its pro- mises on this head we are also of opinion that even the most excellent fucililies of travel might be purchased at too high a price; and we believe that a man’s consent to the destruction of his business is too high a price to pay for being carried. pleasantly to the place where his business was. We believe that our projectors have not yet proposed the only plan of uptown travel that will perma- nently answer all requirements. This plan is by ordinary steam cars upon rails laid on an elevated causeway supported by masonry, and made much stronger than the sup- ports of our railway on Greenwich street proved itself to be yesierday. This plan succeeds infinitely better than all others in cities where all others have been tried. The railway that comes to the t'en- church street station in London passes over several miles of that city on a level with the toofs of the smaller houses. The railways that cross the Thames and all the city to the south of the Thamesare on a still higher level. The Lyons railways traverse part of Paris in the same way. Those roads interfere with no streets, aud where they cross streets they form an open arch. They interfere with no public or private interest, and, of course, where pri- vate property is taken for their use it is taken under the general laws that regulate such transactions. They do not smother travellers in tunnels nor inflict upon them, indeed, any sort of discomfort. They give a pleasant, easy and fast ride up in the open air; and that is the sori of ride our people want from the Battery to Spuyten Duyvil. The Elevated Railway Accident. The elevated railway on Greenwich street, which has been in operation for a short time, and which gave such fair promise of solving the difficult question of rapid transit up and down town, came to grief yesterday. A freight car, with ten tons of pig iron on board, and a passenger car, containing fifteen per-~ sons, mostly employés or stockholders of the road, were passing over a wide span at Hous- ton and Greenwich streets, on a trial trip to test the strength of the columns, when the rails broke and the cars, with pig fron and passengers, were precipitated to the ground. Two of the passen- gers were slightly injured and another was hurt severely. The accident is extremely unfortunate, from the fact that many had set high hopes on this elevated railway as a sure mode of rapid transit. It is due to the officers of the road to state that they were testing the capacity of the rails with a load much heavier than they could possibly crowd on a passenger ear, and they claim that such an accident could not have occurred in the ordinary course of travel. Certainly worse accidents occur very frequently on favorite lines of railway through- out the country, and it is probable that the disaster may prove beneficial in its future results, by securing sounder foundations and remedying dangerous defects, if the company persist, as they say they will, in repaicing and Ginishiog the road, To-Day’s City and state Hloction. Tho election to coms off to-day for State and city officers has some curious features about it, which impart to it an interest beydad its actual results. It is the first election under the new Charter, and therefore leaves somo litle ex- pectation of reform in the government of tho city. It is the first State and city election also under the fifteenth amendment, for Sambo will go to the polls to-day all clothed in smiles and radiant with ivory to cast his vote for the first time without the onus of a two hundred and fifty dollar qualification on his shoulders, and that will be a very entertaining event. It is the first election from which tho triumphant democracy have promised so much, and have such unlimited power at the same time, under a new code of laws, to provide for such results in the future as the expectations of tho tax- payers and order-loving citizons have a right to see fulfilled, The leaders of the democracy must, therefore, look sharp that these expec- tations shall not be disappointed, not only in the immediate results of the election, which we take it for granted are already disposed of, but in the future management and use of that power which the terms of the Charter and the votes to be cast to-day unite to repose in them. The election of Aldermen and Aasistant Alder- men troubles very few people. It was not to be expected, perhaps, that under this early operation of the new law the old class of tick- ets would be purified and that our best citi- zens could be induced to run shoulder to shoulder with the doubtful ele- ments that formed the Aldermanio boards for so long. But in good time, if the intention of the leaders be carried out, we may see the intelligence and respectability of the city fairly represented in the Common Council—a consummation devoutly to be wished. A much more important feature in the election of to-day is the vote which is to give usa portion of the State and County Judiciary for the next fourteen years. Five Judges of the Court of Appeals are to be elected on the State ticket, and four Judges of the Common Pleas Court and three of the Marine Court are to be elected on the city ticket, The names of the gentle- men for these offices are unobjectionable. The choice of the democratio nominees is, of course, a foregono conclusion, The repubdli- cans may, by using some exertion, poll a pretty large vote for their candidates through- out the State; but the probability is that the election will go by default, for want of the vital force to bring a majority to the polls. Dull as this election may be compared with previous contests, there is a sufficient amount of interest in it, from the fact that a good deal of fermentation exists among the masses, arising from the recent factionism in the domi- nant party, and that it will be regarded as setting the seal of success for the old régime over the baffled, beaten, but ambitious young democracy. The taxpayers and the lovers of law and order will look not half so earnestly to the returns of the ballot box to-day as they will look to the results that are to follow the day’s work in the future good or bad govern- ment of the cit; Congress—Nursing the Fifteenth Amend- ment—Extinguishing the Tariff Bill. The Senate revelled in buncombe yesterday. The members have been making a weak show of business for some time, merely to deceive me WuuMMy Buu Bee UrvaLU UT Woe grandiloquent verbosity that commenced to flow yesterday, and which will probably continue to flow for the rest of the week. The subject was on the bill to enforce the fifteenth amendment, and it was deemed of such importance that the Appropriation bill and the bill to abolish the franking privilege were postponed to admit of its consideration. It appears to us that Congress, and more espe- cially the Senate, is disposed to bolster up its own doings too much, It nurses its children to death. Such a healthy child as the fifteenth amendment should be allowed at once to walk alone. A few hard knocks and ill usage will not hurt it so much as pam- pering it and wrapping it in flannels. The elder brother, reconstruction, has growa up a thing almost deformed by just such foolish usage, and, after such experience, the second gon should have different tending. As it is, with Sumner’s various methods of compelling the negro to vote and eat, drink and sleep alongside of his white brother, whether he will or not, and this present bill, and others no doubt in prospect, we expect the infant fifteenth amendment will be bloated with swill milk, unless Congress is suckled dry very soon or started, bow-legged and hump- backed, through the world, to waddle unstead- ily in a maze of fines and penalties and pro- visos and flannels wrapped about it by an over-anxious mother. In the House several matters of great importance were acted upon. Mr, Cox offered a resolution favoring general amnesty, which was referred to the Reconstruction Committee after one vote on it, which indicates that the House is pretty evenly divided on the subject. Mr. Schenck reported an internal revenue bill which in effect reduces the intgrnal taxation nearly thirty-four million dollars, He said in explanation that a full bill on the subject would not get through both houses during the session, and he therefore reported the present one as a substitute. At his request it was ordered printed and referred back to his committee. In his remarks Mr. Schenck touched upon the Tariff bill, and stated that it would not probably be acted upon this session, whereupon Mr, Dawes moved that all prior orders be postponed until the appropriation bills are finished. This motion was agroed to by a vote of 92 to 75, and thus ended the Teri bill for the present. Mr. Bingham reported, under a suspension of the rules, a bill to euforce the right of citizens to vote, which is similar in effect to the Senate bill which we referred to above, Under the suspension of the rules the bill passed by @ vote of 131 to 44, Tne Meroantive Lisrary Exzotion takes place to-day. The polls will remain opén from eight o'clock in the morning until nine to-night. The main questions in discus- sion are the opening of the library on Sundays and the reduction of the fees, and there are two tickets in the field. The reform ticket, headed by Peter Voorhies, favors both these projects and is specially worthy the suffrages of all the members who favor the reforms so Mianifestly desirable. MAY 17, 1870—TRIPLE SHEET, ‘The Pacific Subma: Tolograph Com= Pany—Asking Too Much. We have bofore us the copy of @ bill which Congress is asked to pass ‘to incorporate the Pacific Submarine Telegraph Company and to facilitate telexraphic commnication betweea America and Asia.” The object of the bill is an ocean cable “from the shores of the State of California to Japan and the empire of China, “either direct or by way of the Ha- waiian (Sandwich) Islands, or other island or islands of the Pagific Ocean,” &e. The bill proposes that the capital stock of said com~ pany shall be tea millions of dollars in gold, and that the covernmoent, in order to facilitate the execution of the work, shall furnish one or more vessels of the navy to make surveys, &c., and shall contribute five hundred thou- sand dollars in gold por annum for @ term of twenty years. In other words, the govern- mont is asked to furnish the whole ten mil- lions of capital stock, and the equivalent it is to receive is the privilege of sending. de- spatches over the line to the extent of five hundred thousand dollara a year. Now, it strikes us, first, that if we had a cable in operation between San Francisco and Shanghae and Yokoham,, free to the govern- ment, it would hardly find any necessity for despatches beyoad five, eight or ten thousand dollars @ year. Secondly, that if the goverament is to furnish the whole capital stock of this concern it would be as well to make the cable a govern- ment affair at once, to be run by the govern- ment for the benofit of the people as cheaply as possible, Why not? Why should the gov- ernment be called upon to turn over to a pri- vate corporation an ocean cable which is to be laid at the expense of the public treasury? The proposition is preposterous, and ten mil- lions in gold for such» bargain makes the seven millions and a quarter paid for the pro- digious Arctic Territory of Alaska a magnificent stroke of good fortune. No. This cable pro- ject will never do. We dare say that if Con- gress, for the use of the wires, will agree to fur- nish a million of dollars to aid in completing a telegraph line from St. Peteraburg eastward to Bebring Straits, with a branch line to Shanghae, the Czar will undertake to build the line, and this will bring it within forty miles of our own territory, and another million will bring it into connection with San Francisco, This line, then, with its branch line from Asiatic Russia southward into China and Japan, would be equivalent to a cable directly across the Pacific. But against this scheme it will be urged that this line at all times would be under the control of Russia, and we want a line of our own. Very well. We can have it. There is the short sea route of the Aleutian islands, which are ours, and which stretch pretty well across the Northern Pacific, and from the extreme point of those islands, going west from Alaska, it is but‘a short distance tothe Japan islands, and thence from Jeddo another short bit of cable would connect with Shanghae. Here, however, the objection may be inter- posed that the chafing of the icebergs around the rocky shores of the Aleutian islands render a cable by that chain of relay houses utterly impracticable; but this remains to be proved. Assuming, however, that the cheapest cable route from America to China and Japan is directly across the Pacific, touching at some convenient islands en rovte, half a million a yearin gold from the government for twenty years is simply out of the question, It is pretty certain, too, that for say twenty years to come the business of a Pacific cable would be limited to a few brief despatches from Shanghae and Japan on the prices of tea and the reporis of the ships leaving and coming to those places. No private company, then, can undertake to risk even the tenth part of the cost of laying a cable between San Francisco and Shanghae; hence the company in ques- tion ask Congress to foot the whole bill, But if Congress must do this why not hold’ the line in possession of the government? But, even in this view, will Congress at this time be apt to try this cable experiment? If not, we may as well dismiss the proposition at once ag. to say avything more about it. What is the Use of a Presbytery t The case of the Rev. Charles B. Smyth encourages us to ask the question, what is the use of a presbytery, so far as the minister of any particular congregation is concerned? Mr. Smyth was guilty of the indiscretion of entering a hotel on Sunday, and then and there drinking “gin and milk.” For this he was tried by his peers and subjected to censure. If presbytery means anything, is of any value, has any power, this should have ended the matter. We used to be told that it was of the very essence of the Presbyterian form of church government that the minister was answerable to his co-presbyters and not to his congregation. If Mr. Smyth's case be at all a test case presbytery is a name, a sham—no more, no better. Having been tried by his peers and dismissed with a rebuke, he is next tried by his congregation and unceremoniously told to go about his business. When such things aro done and permitted to be done, can it be won- dered at that Presbyterianism begins to be a name of reproach? The Roman Catholic and the Episcopal churches do things better. If presbytery has come down to this vulgar level, independency, with its so-called mob tyranny, is infinitely to be preferred. We suspect that the real explanation of the conduct of the Eleventh Street Presbyterian “hurch is this: under Smyth, with his broa ., liberal views, the con- cern was hot paying. If Smyth is a wise man he will adopt at once a broader platform and shake himself free from Presbyterian “bonds and imprisonments.”” Tae Fernon ReGiows Pror anv ‘“‘SoartEt Lerrer” or Frovrens.—Our special Euro- pean correspondence at this port yesterday supplies @ letter from one of our Paris writers, fn which he gives a detailed history of the reglcide plot against Napoleon's life, its ex- tent, means, complications and discovery, It isa serious and extraordinary exhibit, Our European newspaper mail report furnishes the celebrated ‘‘scarlet letter” of Gustave Flou- rens to Beauri, with its American remi- niscences, Other interesting European news details of our cable telegrams to the Gth of May are also published in our columns. Foot Passixarrs, by the veto of the Arcade job, have still their rights on Brond- way. Omnibus drivers will please take notice. The Pulpit and tho piarriage Relation. Puritanism of the present day has less of morality in it than of “ggg and more of piety than of religion, Parcdoxical as this may appear, it saaatctsleess trus, Your real Puritan is @ combination of pretows'on and hypocrisy. Probe bis sanctimonioa theories and you wil find a vast amount of loose practices at the bottom. And it is note- worthy that Puritans rarely venture to frankly express their convictions. They say what they think, but say it in so circumlocutory a way that at the first glance it is difficult to ap- preciate the true sentiment. When, on Sun- day last, Dr. Cheever rated Recorder Hackett for his charge to tho jury inthe McFarlaud case he merely reflected the peculiar views of the Puritans, Because the Judge charged that if the prisoner killed Richardson in a mo- ment of frenzy he could not be convicted the reverend gentleman, with uplifted eyes, ex- claimed, ‘Oh, what community is safe from the demoralizing effects of auch a charge!” He did not dwell upon the demoralizing re- sults which would follow the disruption of family ties, such as brought about the homi- cide, if they were disrupted with impunity. In the Church of the Puritans nothing was said in defence of the marriage relation and its sacredness, From Puritanical New England came the doctrine which caused the late trial, and {t is not surprising that while a judge is denounced for charging that an insane man is not responsible for his acts those other acts which drove him insane are not condemned, even by inference by a New England Puritan preacher. In greater accord with the spirit of Chris- tianity, which is that of all pure morals, was the sermon of Rev. Mr. Hepworth, at the Church of the Messiah. But even this reverend gentleman made a mistake in the selection of histext. The murder of Abel was the resulf of Cain’s anger, because the sacrifice of the first was acceptable to the Lord, while that of the murderer was rejected. Certainly, the story as related in the Bible does not bear the faintest resemblance to that of McFarland and Richardson, unless it be held that all men who take life are so many Cains. This would piace the killed in the position of Abel, who was a pious, God-fearing man, which many mur- dered men are not, We think, then, that the application of the text was an error, But on the main subject of Mr, Hepworth’s sermon there was much in what he said deserving of praise, He met the question of the marriage relation fairly, and expressed sentiments which do credit to him as a Christian and a clergy- man. Not often do we hear from the pulpit the bold declaration that ‘‘the man who splits the tree of marriage in the sight of God and in the presence of God must die.” Such, Mr. Hepworth beld, ig the verdict of tha commu- nity, and, he added, ‘‘it is a right royal ver- dict.” Now, we may not agree with the reverend gentleman in ull of his ideas, but we think that he is on the right track on this question of interference between man and wife. We trust the other clergymen will take it up, not using the McFarland case in illustration, but advocating the broad principle that the ties of marriage are sacred without reference to particular cases. Mr. Hepworth is right when he says that our ideas of the most important act in life are too loose; that people marry without a due sense of the step they are taking, and that their vows are uttered merely asa form. Upon the clergy rests the respon- sibility of improving public morals in this respect. Let our preachers go to work, then, and uproot a terrible evil wuich, born of the reaction from Puritanism, is the doctrine to which Puritans are tending. If they succeed in doing this Christianity will recover its ascend- ancy in the hearts of the people, and we shall hear less of disrupted homes and avenging husbands. The May Exodus to the Country. “God made the country and man made the town,” says the poet Cowper in his glowing testimony to the delights of rural life, and our good citizens seem to be in keenest sympathy with him if we are to judge by their flight from the metropolis during the two or three heauti- ful but sweltering hot days that have followed close upon the rains and chill temperature of last week. On Saturday, Sunday and Mon- day the enchanting environs which make the neighborhood of New York the most attractive in the world were alive with gay visitors in spring attire, somo hurrying forth to seck a few hours’ respite from the din and bustle of the city, and others looking for a residence dur- ing the summer and autumn amid ‘‘the pomp of groves and garniture of fields.” The tem- perature of July had surprised us in the first fortnight of May, and the suddenness of this brief ‘heated term” made it stifling in the denser quarters of the city. But while thou- sands of rural home-hunters were out in force accommodation for them opens on all sides, as our advertising columns amply show. Long Island, Westchester county, the lovely retreats of Staten Island—our American Isle of Wight—Jersey and the historic and pic- turesque regions that are strung together, like incrustations of emerald, along the silver wind- ings of the Hudson—all offer increased attrac- tions of flood, forest and field this year, and at terms to suit the wealthy and the men of mod- erate means alike. From the surf at Long Branch to the cool wooded and rocky shelter of the romantic Catskills there are fine hotels dotted along on shore and height, with delight- ful private homes and farm houses scattered between that offer every variety of accommo- dation, In this respect there is nothing on the whole Continent, nay, nothing in Europe, to compare with the vicinity of New York. Here is the great city, with its busy life and splen- dor; yonder, almost in sight of our office windows, are retreats worthy of the vale of Tempe and the hills of Arcadia. Our citizens and tourists from afar can look out upon them from our wharves, or, when they have gone thither, may glance back upon the panorama of the city. ‘Tis pleasant, through the loopholes of retreat, To peep at such a worl bi ained the stir of the great Babel, and not feel the To. heat tine roar she sends through all her gates, Ata safe distance, where the dying sound Falls a soft murmur on th! uninjured ear, Wao Pays tar Preers?—It is said that a considerable amount of money was spent in getting the Broadway Arcade through the Legislature, Ifso, some of the parties con- ceraed are considerably out of pocket, with no show for a dividend Steameblp Communication Between Austras Ma aud Cadifornin, The public mind of the world is kept on the stretch of excitement and anticipation by one great project after another to bring all nations into rapid communication with one another. Aflantio telegraph cables, the suwez Canal, the great continental Pacifio Railroad, new steamship lines to different and the most remote parts of the globe, the proposed ship canal across the Isthmus of Central America, the Pacific telegraph cable project to connect China and the East generally with the American Continent, and many other grand works, show the wonderful progress of the age. One of the latest of these great projects is the establishment of steamship communication between Australia and Cali- fornia. ‘The steamer Idaho, which arrived at San Francisco from Honolulu, Sandwich Islands, on the Sth of this month, brought the mails and passengers that came from Australia by the steamer Wongawonga. There were one hundred and forty passengers, nearly all of whom were én route to England. This is a new line, and is intended to either connect with the line between the Sandwich Islands and San Francisco or to ply directly from Sydney and Auckland to California, The Wongawonga was’ full of passengers, and the mails from New South Wales and New Zealand were very large. The time from Sydney to San Francisco was thirty-nine days, and from Auckland thirty-one days. Much better time than this will soon be made. We believe the passage has been made from Australia to England in forty daya by this route and by the Pacific Railroad and Atlantic steamships. This is great progress in the commerce of the Pacific and in traversing so large a portion of the globe. The Wonga- wonga was to be followed by the City of Ade- laide andthe City of Melbourne, two other steamers of the now line, A few years ago, just before the gold dis- covery in California, the Pacific Ocean, except along the American coast, was little traversed by ships of commerce. There were only afew traders to the Sandwich Islands and the islands of the South Pacific and the whale ships that navigated that vast ocean. Now there are steam lines to China and Japan, to the Sandwich Islands, and to the different countries of Australia, What a revolution within so short@ timo! But we are only on the eve of still greater progress. By the aid of telegraphs and steam power the English speaking people on each side of the vast Pacifico will soon develop an exten- sive commerce between themselves and among the islands and countries in and bordering that ocean. The dense populations of Asia will soon feel thts too. But our own country is destined to obtain the greatest share by far of this commerce. San Francisco will become, pro- bably, second only to New York in commercial importance. We shall draw the surplus popu- lation of China and other countries of Asia to do our labor cheaply, and we shall increase largely our exportations and importations. Indeed, we can hardly imagine what the next twenty years will develop in the way of trade and intercourse and in the march of civiliza- tion in Asia. We have no doubt that a large portion of the travel between England and Australia will come this way. If it be a little farther than by the Indian Ocean, Suez and the Mediterranean, it is more direct, with fewer changes, and probably less expensive. The Pacific is a delightful ocean to navigate, and with steamship and railroad connections all complete we think the passage this way can be made in as short or in shorter time than by the other route. The one hundred and forty passengers in one steamer en route for Europe by San Francisco and the Pacific Railroad gives an idea of what may follow. In view of these developments and prospects we recommend Congress and our enterprising merchants to turn their attention o the trade of the Pacific Ocean. A great future is before us in that part of the world if we will seize the opportu- nities that are within our reach. Much Cotton and Too Little Corn. We give some exiracts to-day, copied from Southern papers, in relation to the prospect of the crops on the second week in May. It seems that the universal complaint at some points is that too much land has been planted in cotton and too little in corn, so much so as to warrant the prediction that, from present appearances, “‘cotton seed will have to take the place of corn for man and beast next fall and winter.” This is unfortunate. Before the war it was the great mistake of the South to be obliged to buy from year to year the actual necessaries of life and rely for payment thereof upon the growing staple, and when the crash came she was like an unprovisioned garrison, filled with brave men with empty stomachs. The South must rely more upon her own fields for her breadstuffs and provisions and less upon the grain and bacon of the great West... If a lesser breadth of cotton be planted the price of the staple will be corre- spondingly increased, in consequence of a diminished supply, and in any event, pro- vided in’ the meantime plenty of corn and grain be planted, they will have plenty of food for man and beast, without paying five- fold forthe same to the West and California. The danger of the South in the future lies in having too much cotton and too little corn. Too Tne Roman Covunon—Tae Ficnr ar Last.—The Council, it seems, is bent on busi- ness. The constitution de fide has been given to the world. The Schema de Parvo Cate- chismo has also been discussed and agreed to. Ifour cable despatches be reliable the fight has already commenced on the Schema de Heclesii, which involves the primacy and infallibility. Our news from Rome is now likely to be in- teresting. The minority is determined; but what is one against six? If the Pope is not frightened from his purpose by the civil gov- ernments the minority will be impotent. War Atways Broapway?—Why is it that our Arcade and other railway jobbers, under- ground, on the ground and high over ground, in their schemes for the relief of the city, always take the line of Broadway? Is there no other way? We incline to think that the Governor's veto of the Arcade swiadle will result in the discovery of some other way; and so we thank the Governor for the prospect of relief to the whole clty without destroying our rinoipal and handsomest business street ramet > “CumemmanniaiainlDsicstaone ene