The New York Herald Newspaper, June 14, 1869, Page 4

a NEW YORK HERALD, MONDAY, JUNE 14, 1869.—TRIPLE SHEET, $$ than yon’are on etther the Attantic or Pacific, I shall endeavor to point out in my next, England, and both are therefore the undoubted ex- preasion of the national sentiment. Tue struggle 1s ended and the results justify in the mam the pre- vious calculations, It was predicted that the towns would vote against the government and that the masses of the country would sustain tt, It has 60 turned out, There were 202 mem- bers to be elected. Out of these 230 have been heard from, but in Mfty-eight instancea new elections must take place, as nO one candidate obtained the jegai majority. So far {uy govermment have secured 195 members, ‘The opposition have bagged only twenty-six, but out of the fifty-eight yet to be elected, as well as from the twelve not yet heard from, there 1s no doubt the adversaries of the gov- ernment will be considel increased. There 1s every likelihood the opposition in the New Chamber Will number some eighty or ninety, more or leas, which ts a gain of some thirty or forty over the last Chanrber, ‘This ia the price the Emperor pays for his luckiess trip to Mexico, and, above all, for sudler- ing Prussia to become the military rival of France. On the Whole he has got off very cheaply. There are other results, however, connected with thts national demonstration, which are striking, unexpected, aud almost inexpitcable. First—It has been always believed that tf Napo- leon's dynasty collapsed at bis death the Orleans family would succeed him. Thiers, the champion of this family, was the leading man of the Assem- bly, where lis extrordinary talents eclipsed rivalry. Several other of the most prominent men of the pes Assembiles were devoted to the restoration of uis Philippe’s re ‘To the amazement of all parties the entire cohort of Orieanists 1s slaughtered in the recent elections. Even their preux chevalier, ‘Thiers, is utterly demolished. He presented himself in no less than stx different electoral districts, which the French law allows, and one would suppose that in some section of France, north or south, east or -West. an election would have been conferred, if not on the Orieanist, at least ou the great historian and orator of France. Nota bit of it, He was beaten imevery place he appeared. This must be an im- mense treat for the Emperor and a great humiliation for lis bitterest antagonist. Doubtless out of some of the fifty-eight new elections Thiers will slip into the Assembly, tor the opposition want him and so will concentrate on him; but where are the Orleans family and their fond aspirations? Echo answers, nowhere. Second—The legitimist party, since the fall of Charles X., has never been other than @ forlorn hope, and ee. death of Berryer a few months since was an additional blow. ‘There were few shining lights still left in the last Assembly, but even these have been ruthlessly extinguished im the new one— another great treat for the Emperor, Third, aud more remarkable stili—The republican party, which everybody cone must succeed some day in France, and which, if it did not follow Napo- leon, would certainly cut short the Orleans regune (it 18 hardly credible), is just as bedly damaged as the rest, and many of its ablest leaders, such as Jules Favre, Carnot, Maneck, have all been set aside. Fourth, and most wonderful pbenomenon of ali— The opposition party—in a word, the revolutionists— have routed the Orleanists and the iegitimists, for all their chiefs have been elected, and what is more, they have elected them in Paris, Lyons, Marseilles and Bordeaux. Everyboay is bothered, and every one 1s asking what it all means, Some persons contend that it must be the work of the iower classes, for it can hardly be credited, they say, that the middle and upper strata woudd vote for a whirlwind that would paralyze trade and property. SPAIN. Discovery of a Military Conspiracy—A Span- ish Politician and His Views—Preparations for Sending More Troops to Cuba. Capiz, May 26, 1869, The reactionists have shown their hands in Cadiz. The city on the 12th ana 13th experienced one of the greatest sensations since the afternoon of the 6th ot December last, A conspiracy has been discoy- ered among the artillery officers, which had for its object the proclaiming of Isabella and the chastise. ment of the impertinent Gaditanos, This arm of the military power never gave its hearty adhesion to the September revolution. Itsimply bowed to the blast that swept the Bourbon throne from the Penin- sula, When Prim arrived, after the feet had ar- rived, the officers told him, in presence of the mill- tary governor and Commodore Topete, that they wanted to have nothing to do with him, that they would not take any part in the revo- lution until the arrival of Marshal Serrano. When he arrived they accepted the situation, but thetr lukewarmness incensea the people against them, and that feeling has been intensified on the part of the artiliery on account of the great number of killed and wounded in the December insurrection, and it has been heated to fever heat by the couplets, doggereis, songs and rhymes of ridicule, that every well dressed and ragged urchin chants ana whis- tles from morning until late at night. The artillery 19 oficered by the scions of the so-called best fami- lies, is very aristocratic and scorns republicanism. ‘There is @ great deal of the old blue blood—azul sangre—and chivairy of a by-gone age in its ranks, It knows nothing of the age, is jealous of its privi- leges, and imagines that the eyes of ‘the world and the rest of mankind” are upon it. The only means to bring it to a proper understanding is to knock it onthe head; and rest assured if the militia ever have an opportunity they will do s0, con mucho gusto. Dissatisfaction nas existed in the army since Prim was appointed Secretary of War; it bas increased by his gross favoritism, aud the bungling way he carries American Commerce Past and Present—The Trade of Liverpool Taen and Now—Smalt Number of Yaukee Ships in the Mersey Cause and Eifect. The Effective Strength of the English Navy. LIVERPOOL, May 27, 1869. The effects of the war as regards our maritime in- terests are painfully apparent at this port, and to those who have our national pride at heart the condi- tion of thitgs id dad in tho extreme. Qn the $y ipst. but eleven vessels were in poss finder the United States fag, and scarce two score of American vesseis are'bound here from any part of the globe, Not a single American steamer comes here, nor do we see any prospects of any coming. ‘Three or four old steam craft, itis true, are sailing wader our flag to German ports, but they are managed by foreigners, and they are no credit to us either for speed, beauty or safety, There are seven ships, two barks and one schooner, repre- senting 10,143 tons, all built in the Unitea States, offered for sale here now. The famous Col- ling steamer Adriatic, built by George Steers in 1856, whose cost was not far from §1,000,000, gold, Will soon be broke up, having been bought for about £6,000. The ship Great Republic is now under the British flag, and ts koown ag the Denmark. There seems a blight upon everything American here. The offices and store3 of Americans doing business here seem more like undertakers’ shops than places of traMic and commerce. Liverpool 1s more dead than alive, and if the people will only acknowledge it they can trace the cause to the dockyard at Birken- head, where the Lairds do business and where the Alabama was born. Among the higher classes fraud and trickery are the order of the day, while with the lower orders drunkenness and misery prevail) toun alarming ex- tent. Crimes of the mosi revolting kind are com- mitted so frequently as to cease to attract notice except when one exceeds by some fresh device to make it more brutal or inhuman than the one which preceded it, Things are in a wretched condition here, The best of theatrical talent fails to draw a respectable sized audience. Charies Mathews and wife have been playing here for a week, id the receipts will not pay their hotel bills, H. man, who leased St. James’ Hall for ballet, burlesque, &c., has not taken in suficient to pay one-third of his pratng bills, McCabe, with his humorous deline- ations, has taken in a few hundred pounds. Not one of the places of public amusement 13 earning a penny. In trade outside of the heavy dealers there is but little doing. The papers are full of “Houses to Let,” “Furniture to be Sold” and “Want Situa- tions,” In fact, the reaction has taken pia, and some of the very men who cut a swell during our war and wished us to Davy Jones’ locker, have gone to the dogs long since themselves. The admiralty in- specting engineer, who was sent for eighteen months, a Week or two ago, on a charge of defraud- lng the government, was tbe consulting engineer for the Confederate steamers built here. He is down at the heeis a bit now. Mr. E. P, Stringer, @ big gun in Confederate times, has been sued ana will probably be made to disgorge some of the plunder he ts said to have done his co- laborers out of. So that m every quarter these chaps are coming to grief. There can be no question that the cause of half the suffering, misery and crime we have here now can be traced to the war; and it seems a judgment upon them for their double deal- ing and meanness. The pen fails to adequately por- tray the sad sights to be seen here daily, ay, hour- ly. Still, for one, can hardly pity them, because they brought it upon themseives, and having made thelr own bed they must lie upon it. Every one is at a loss to Know What 1 to be done to revive trade and alleviate the wants oi the people, It is true large bodies of emigrants are leaving weekly, but they do not come trom this immediate vicin aud tuey do not affect the condition of things here, IRELAND. Feeling Regarding the Church Bill in Ireland, VIEWS OF A SPANISH POLITICIAN, AFFAIRS IN GERMANY. The annexed budget of communications from our foreign correspoudents will be found very inte- ENGLAND. eeeuneereeer ey The English Navy=Its Present Conditiou—Dif- ficulty of Obtaining Sailors—Iron-Clads— Other W Vessels—Probable Results of a War with Aqericgs oo (5 Mag 1, 1800, © > Although there ate no donbt exceptions to this, as to every other rule in the world, all thinking men must agree that the great mass of Englishmen‘tre, tn all that concerns their own government and their relations with foreign Powers, the most unthinking and the most unreasoning of mortals. At the present time, when & rupture with the United States might occur, there are really, even among the educatea classes in this country, not five people in a uundred who seem really to have any interest whatever in what may be one of the most serious disputes that ever arose between two giant nations. And of these five—if there are so many—persons there are really not two who understand the strength of the United States or the weakneas of England. They—that is, all my countrymen—put their faith in one or other of the different arms of the séfvice. Some believe that England can never be invaded because of her militia; others that she can with her present regular army meet any foe in any part of the world; a third class put their faith in that utterly broken reed the volunteers; but the most numerous of ali trust implicitly to the navy, and think that so long a3 we have ships to sail or to steam we should be able to hdla our own, and even to have the best of the quarrel, in any sea where vessels can float or in any port which had to be blockaded or de- feuded, on either side of the Atlanuc, So much for fiction; now for fact. It must be allowed that the naval officers of Eng- land are the persous most likely to know the capa- bilities of our navy. I have avery extensive ac- quaintance with those who bear commissions in that service, and I have no hesitation in saying that they look upon the present condition of both our ships and our crews as most unsatisfactory, It is true that they are both quite equal to the duties they have now to perform, and that England could be de- fended by our fleet as it at present exists; we should have nothing either to fear or complain of. But with Our pavy, a8 with every other institation we nave, we halt between two opinions. We are not national; the service is not popular, as with you, and, on the other Band, we do not use the heavy hand of govern- ment to force men to take up arms as they do upon the Continent of Europe. The service is too free, and yet not free enough; too popular to be as effective as The French navy, and yet not popular enough—not elastic enough to become, in the event of a war, a power anda force equal tothe occasion. Let me liiustrate my meaning. The navy of the United States may not at the present moment be very strong in slips or in men, but once let the war cry be raised aud you would increase your force at sea ten—ay, twenty fold ina month. In the same way France may notbe very strong—although she is quite as much so a8 We are—in her navy, but she has an iminense reserve—a reserve so strong that she could by @ stroke of the pen treble the gurber of her Beamcn in a fortnight. You in the States are free. ‘Tue people govern, If the people are determined to make war they will provide the means aud the men and the ships to carry on that war. Not so with us. ‘Lue peopie—and, indeed, all classes, save men who have eitaer plenty of money or long pedigrees—have #o loug been accustomed to be governed, and not to , that they Dave lost all interest in the public Hence it is that I don’t beueve if war with nerica Was declared to-morrow it would cause lors to take service under our flag. It always happens that we have far more aimicuity to get men for our ships during war than during peace— That is, of late years, Aud now that our mercantile navy 13 80 increased all over the world, and that our #u'p owners can afford to outbid the government in matter of sailors’ wages, a foreign war would decrease, aud HOt Increase, ike Lumber Of men at our disposal. Then again, if we went to war with the United Sates the old diMcalty about Ireland would crop out. People in general—i am talking of Englishimen—are by uo meaus aware how strong the Irish element is im our navy. Would that element figaton our side oron yours? Wouid it willingly take service in our navy, or would it seek for employment with yours ? Jn my humo uion it Would Cause our service to ast a fourth than it now 1s. The frish Church Bill—How Regarded Throughout the Country—Bishop#’ Leases— The Sligo Riote—The Land Question—Sta- tistics. Dustin, May 29, 1809. The Church bill is still the leading topic of discus- sion among all classes here. What will the Lords do about it? The question to which all seek answer. Its passage through the Commons was with “ wind and tide,” but I have now a new phase to mention, one which will no doubt have a very material effect on its progress through the upper House. The non-conforming Protestants of Ireland hitherto held back from any public expression of opinion, and it Was assumed that if they did not actually support they acquiesced in the provisions of the bill; but they are now awaking from that state of doubtful inaction, and have commenced an energetic crusade against it in all detatls, Mass meetings of Presbyterians have followed cach other in quick succession during the past week in Belfast, Armagh, Omagh, and in Duplia yester- day; the latter was very numerously attended, and the platform crowded by leading Methodists and Pres- byterian elders. Petitions to the Lords, praying for the rejection of the measure, were adopted, and strong speeches of the no-surrender class indulged in. One reverend gentlemen “carried the house” by declar- ing his bevef that the measure did not originate with Mr. Gladstone at ail, but was manufactured in the Propaganda of Rome, and that he was a@ tool in the hands of the Jesuits. The holders of land under a peculiar form of lease known as Bishops’ lease—ecclesiastical property leased to individuals—are also stirring, and,eminent counsel have been engaged by them to appear at the bar of the House of Lords to oppose the measure ; as at present constituted, 18 equal | in fact, anxiety in ail quarters is growing warmer, | 0% business, The navy is not a whit He ence of England, fgg yd and there is & general amppression ‘that pa inno more reliable than the artillery. Unaccustomed for a moment ay. of some sort is Mkely to itate the coun- re bo means the most dimeult part of the British pos- try whichever way ~ ace be deckied, to the annual pronunciamientos on shipboard, #easious to deiend, We must not forget that a war w ¢ staves would not be like the war wé had n ears ago with Kussia, The Czar had no could send to attack our colonies; he re- which have made Spain a byword throughout the world, it has no sympathy with innovations, and I verily believe that to-morrow it would shout “Viva la Reina” if there was a fair prospect of it being en- dorsed by the troops. The navy officers have never removed the crown from their caps and uniform; the tufantry did after the battie of Aicolea; the artillery did not. ‘The former have no sympathy with any kind of government ex- cept the monarcbical. The infantry is composed or all classes, but the repubitcans count many friends in their ranks; the latter are like the former. The The hopes of he Roman Catholics—the numerical majority—are so highly raised now that re- jection of the measure would set them in @ ferment; in the contrary case, the unlon of Episcopaiians and Non-Conformusts, who possi the wealth and soil of the country, complicates the’ matter; and the cry for repeal, so long but the croak note of nationalists, now heard daily from many influential quarters, Is looked on as most sig- nificant of the feeling which will be awakened by this Mi st of the articles of union, as they con- sider ic Another murder ts announced a3 having been per- he all be could musver for the defence of his own Aad even then, in @ War, 80 to speak, at our ® quirea Cuast. very doors, What did we do? What were we able to do’ Literaily nothing. The history of the fleet tuat went to the paluc under Sir Charles Napier is hut @ lustory of which We can be proud. Let us suppose war to be deciared between the Uulied States and England. We should require every slip we have tn commission at home to pre- veut your cruisers from blockading our ports. What “ vate: day before yesterday Serrano and Prim stated in the W ut bee: ine of our commerce all over the world? | Petrared in the county a nor at area ter tie | Cortes that the reorganization of the volunteers— We could not neglect our mercantile navy. We | antipathies of opposing factions. Patrick Power | ‘¢ militia—was necessary to combat the enemies of luust uve Vessels im almost every sea, else the re- | was a reapectable farmer—his father was head of | “¢ September revolution. ‘These sapient gentlemen full Would be the loss Of so mauy trading ships that notamg short of national ram would inevitably fjl- low. in America you have 60 many resources in your own couutry—every resource. in fact, aw re- gurds fuod—that no very great calamity would re- now find that the militia, which Peralta bombastically attempted to disarm, and Cavallaro de Kodas was sent to exterminate, are necessary to keep the said gentlemen tn their soft places. They Know that che adherents of Isabella aud Tom, Dick the faction known as the “Polleens”—and although he inherited tus chieftainship he was a particularly inofensive individual. The day of the murder he was in Carrick-on-Sulr selling butter and eggs, and was accompanied on the road homeward by a man suit if you ceased to sail @ single merchant ship for 4G Ty and Harry, who are plotting to obtain the crown, couple 01 Yeark. BUL It 18 DOR 80 WLI US. We | ae ee eee ee ne anon oe Oany, Mid they hed | af not to be found in the ranks of the people, but live aud have our beg upon what comes from | Grink together. The following morning poor Power | ong the officers of the public service, the nobility abroad. A single naval disaster to our fleet which | Was discovered frightfully mutilaced within a few | #00 the parvenus, who deciare the world is never Would enaole your navy to blockade for one week | yaras of his own house, and the police discovered | Properly governed except by the joint ald of a crown two or turee of our chief ports would starve the | the champion of the “Gows’ in bed with his closhes | #24 Sceptre. The officers will influence the men Whole nation into submission to Whatever terms you close to dictate, Aod what injury could our fleet infilct in the mean- time upon your commerce or your ports? Literaily who will follow their example; the nobility and parvennus will farnish the money, and it will be the working Classes against the troops once again. But if there be an ounce of sense among the volunteers much stained witn blood. ‘The ratepayers of Sligo will have a heavy bill to pay for the damages of the recent riots in that district. At the presentment sessions just held claims amount- howhing—nothing whatever. Our iron-clads are | jny to over £1,200 wer: . | they wili not be so easily humbugged and disarmed fue slips, but tuey are not calculated to cross the | ton ‘ot the demands In preparatnge ns wes POF | as they were at Seville, Cadiz-and Malaga, Let ocean aud men be apie “0 taht. These ships can them once get arms into their hands and the troops Anxiety respecting the ature of the land ques- A, Duy except in the finest of fine weatuer, they | ton is gaining ground; farmers’ clubs and agricul- | ™ay commence when they please. But tt will be tor canuot saifin such a Way 4s to active at any given | tural ¢ - the latter to say when to stop. Pout wad anythiyg like certainty. If they crossed Att cotlcctine tuto rally discussing It with great zest, | “'T paid @ visit to Sulvocnea lately. He is un> th ic Under sail one owt of three would reach | premier for the guidance of his Cabinet; but the reia- | (estionably the most popular man in this city and uy 2vous atthe time appointed. if they did | tions of the Irish tenantry towarda their landlords | Province—in all Andalusia—ana will make his mark would be useless (Ubcause with- reached your shores. we greal—l might say the chief—reason for the ney of ournavy is tuis;—We bave too many is, For some years past our naval authori- os suem to have forgotten that We might—and that in the event of a War we shonld—want a fleet of awit steaming a8 of iron cased ships, For ten year. we have turned our attention tO nothing in huval architecture except that which is defensive, have a splendid squadron of enormous iron-clads, before many years, He was occupied when I ar- rived, butin a short time had an interview with him. He received me very courteously, not with ‘that hypocritical smile and torrent of commonplaces so peculiarly characteristic of the Spanish politician. ina blue round. jut, closely but+ ht casimere pantaloons. News. papers and pamphiets were lying around his chair, aud certain papers of an important character, neatly folded and fastened with @ yellow cord, lay close to his ink bottle. After the usual greetings I asked him vary $0 much in diferent counties, there are so many pecoliar customs of different localities to com- plicate the matter, that it will be next to impossible to frame @ measure likely to please even a majority. ‘The necessity of legislation on the education ques- tion is evidenced by the following significant fact:— The Registrar General has just published the first annual report of birtos and deaths and marriages in 1864. The estimated population of Ireland was 6,073,807; the number of marriages registered for the past year 64,412; of these 1 We Wwiuci, if mustered in line of Battle, or evenat they Chee 778 | what was the news? eons . women signed the regiater with their mark—that I, A e a A Lead ie ha bs Se tor pulp. acd nearly one-haif could not write their names. In Eng: Lthge nce | . Erach importance, except Hin aod ld uo doubt do well, Bos we don't want | 140d the proportion of this ignorant class is about | tat we shall soon have pleuty of work. t razors’ to cut firewood, Of What frould' be 8 One in four, and in Scotland, among maies,one in | yoy'Cant do anything without arms; you tie not You can't do anything without arms; you are not allowed to any. SaLvooitea—You are mistaken. The Provisional fe nient, knowing the plots of the reactiouisis, ave consented to nize the militia, and we can nave all the arms we like, but we can’t procure ag many as we want because the surplus have been wOonn serONDEMT. Have you permissi RBBPON | —Have ission to , ize the militia of Cadiz? 4 ‘hai Satvocu#a—I have; iff hadn’t, I would do so in | spite of the government. While [ live I shall never | eight, and females one in 419. FRANCE. Further Particulars About the Elections. Panis, May 27, 1809. The election for the new Legislative Assembly, which by the constitution occurs every six years, came off May 23 and 24. This event was regarded ore of costly iron-clads—vessels that can hardly ii, aud are very slow indeed under steam—to pro- tect our commerce in various parts of the world? What we want would ve @ large feet of fast wooden corvettes, ships that can go equally well under steam orcanvas, And these we not only do not , but we se to have lost the faculty of butiding them. In @ word, a8 @ means Of defegce of our in- terest# on the high seas our bavy lw decidedly wanting. What about our navy as an offensive force? Could the ime place we should beat the disadvantage of | With interest and apprehension vy every thinking | thoes wigieanuecue people, , When they have arms a ng out of oe ore ae pe 4 mind In France, and foreign nations, especially Eng- a be granary. weil ‘ariled, armed militia will 1ould have your large ¥ y H ee the atnbitious miltt 4 the third, we xaould waatehag which our iron-cidda, | #04 and the United States, contemplated 18 with Ay Rg BR are the curse of the country. When they find pro- motion slow they pronounce and distur the ced: try. af there was @ militia they would not be so fond Of pronouncing, a4 the militia would oppose them. hey know by this time that an armed citizen, behind or before @ barricade, in the street or Upon the honges, 14 as good a sold! as him who is uniformed and by the State. With a militia we can dis; lively curiosity. Since the last election in 1863 the French government have suffered two signal re- verses, The unfortunate expedition to Mexico and the aggrandizement of Prussia, with the consent of France, were condemned as blunders of the first magnitude and threw @ shadow over the prestige il Massive as they are, Inust be helpless with- mely, cowl, There i® not one of our iron. clade thal Can carry more than twel a apply of tue, and most of them can carry but weven or eight. OF what use would siips"be that can only Tod (heir furnaces for such a suort time in aD offen- war such & distance from all saupplies? Bread und meat may be picked uw) event an enemy's country, put certainly not Cuile Could we the Emperor had acquired by his brilliant and suc: | 4, with cwo-thirde of It. Warthe mitiary dont'wast send on from a pedron, pom ceasful pelicy from his advent to the throne. His | that; we, the people, do, and we'll Lave it before we z 4 cease, owe, avy would, «week aftr war proclaimed, eae ae ae a ae aoe ene CONRESPONDENT—DO FOU think Isabella has many 9 supplemented with | hugared t ateaming jeextraordinary zeal, and tho friends of the empire | friends in the army steamers, eac! M1 able'to Wake couel OF 80 of Very | feared the effect: Anothér element in the late elec- SaLvocuBa—L 80; but I don’t know nor ibaa or ort ots an hour, "Wes fond nace tions was the cry started by the opposition against | °%C¢.. a sesowpunr—Who is the f a A RO <pervonal govertment,” meaning tist the Emperor | for king rt ¢ favorite of the army ph Bh an ppopata e. gor fad. elded t6o Much power and the legislative body | | Satvocnma (smiling sarcastically)—Every omcer ae op earets SY anead in the wre Weng! 4 t@o little, Under those disadvantages the gov i] his favorite, The old ones favor the Queen or Vo uname aq mug you B Yout own | ment descended into the electoral arena on Sunday | them, ; ung One# te one that will promote bp rX nq 19! Ky be wnjare ‘nd Monday last t0 engage in a mortal combat with ComnesronneNT—But don't you think there is a how &. he be wo pe e 12% ite resolute opponents, fad favorite, one Who is more popular than the how Ureat in the Irish \n France the Legisiative Assombly ia the only Si ALVOCHBA—NO; Hot one of the I Cuanne) aad ob We coMaie throuabous these Wlepds | elective body, just ws the House of Commons is in | sincere trieud in the erty, unless dlive among the superannuated who are indebted ¢o Isabella But they are what ones, for more than deserved. you" ait Ameri old fogies, aud Of no conse- en GOnEnerounmrs—Monipenser has a large party in SaLvocoga—He may have, but I don’t think 60. He will never be King of Spain, and | am sure never President ( of the Spanish republic. CoRRESPONDENT—W ould you not favor a king, with a liberal constitution like Belgium or England? SaLvocuga—No, sir; kings have had their day; they Were an evil in the best of times, but @ curse ihe age of railroads and yelegvapns. Tho wird WI CODMYDOBleg Wie aria, London, Ireland, New York and San Fraucisco ia the king of the day, ‘of the times. CoRREsvoNDENT—Then [ am to suppose that you ‘e in favor of @ republic? SALVOCHEA—Do me the favor to suppose nothing it; believe it as truly as God is in Heaven. A popaniie is the only hope of Spain, but there will be blows given and received betore tly representative sits in Madrid. RRESPONDENT—Are the people ready for such & form of government? You kuow that in the interior the number of persons who can read and write is very smmail. According to the last census the popu- lation of the Peninsula, including tne Balearic Islands and the Canaries, was 15,658,586; of this number only 5196420 knew how to read and write, aud 706,377 SALVOCHEA—That is true. But have you ever read the story of the man who desired his son to learn to pr Fests, he went las Hy maar’ The ugnoranee of the people is chargeable to the kings—to the mill- tary governments that we have had. I don’t think reading and writing necessary to have a republic. You didn’t inquire about the reading and writing of the people when you drove the English out of Amer- ica. The tate election proved that the elective franchise can be exercised by the man who can’t read well as by the alumnis of Ne as Salamanca. Under the old we would never improve; under the new one (the republic) we shall, Lope; at least we shall try, aud if we fail, we'll pe- tition, like the old Israelites, for a king and the mummery of an aristocracy. CORRESPONDENT—Do you think the government willrurnish you with arms if the reactionists persist in thetr machinations? SALVocHEA—If they don’t it will be another of their stupid blunders. We want arms and we will have them. I received a letter trom ao English house yesterday ehclosing this circular (handin the circular), but the musket is not as as Remington’s breech-loader, and we want the best. lam going to write to a well known in- ventor of breech-loaders, and hope he'll furnish us with arms of a superior character and at a reason- abte price, Do you kuow ——? if you do, putina good word for us, CORRESPONDBNT—I have not the honor of Mr. —’s acquaintance, but 1 am sure you will have no ditticulty in procuring all you want for—cash or good security, Do you intend to offer yourself for re- election to the Cortes? SaLvocuEa—No, indeed; I never wanted to go there, and when the grave legisiators _re- fused me admission, when I was in Santa Catalina, they did me an important service. I’m no taiker—no orator. want — work, not figures of speech. The Cortes is a humbug. Nothing good will come from it. I never was a can- didate with my consent; I never will be while Spain is enslaved. CoRRESPONDENT—What do you think of the strong speeches against the Catholic faith lately delivered in the Cortes? SaLvocnea—I don’t admire any kind of religion; but I doubt the utility of the late expositions on theology. There is no use in losing time with such stuff and nonsense. A few words of farewell and we parted. Heto endeavor to have the gallant militia of Cadiz armed with the best breech-loaders in the United States, and your correspondent to his ola podrida an writing table. Salvochcg 13 a thio, lean, nervous young man, who will Make his mark or lose his head before many years. He looks the conspirator from top to toe, from head to foot, according to distinguished autho- rity. But whether ne is laboring for the benefit and glory of himself or querida Espaiia, like many hun- dreds of his countrymen, ts involved in futurity. He has attained a popularity that may waft him on to fortune if he acts as he professes at is, the fortune of doing something for the penefit of his countr; But the Spanish politician is the most seltisn of aut mals, and has no love of country, like other people. Ilis native village and province are his country; out of them he 13 abroad. Five hundred candidates for the chances of dyin; in Cuba by the buliets of the Cubaneros, by the heat or Yellow Jack, are waiting the departure of the next mall steamer. They appear to be a much better class than their predecessors. They wear @ red flat cap, like those worn by the Biscayens in the province of that name, flaming red neckties, canvas surtout and pantaloons (cabzoneias) o1 @ peculiar cut, sandals (@/pardatas) well suited for campaign- ing in summer, and the best I have ever seen. Like ail the sons of the eee there pee they are broad shouldered, strong armed and ruddy of com- plexion. Last evening lsaw about a dozen of them on the principal public walk, chanting Riego’s famous hymn. Their red necktues—the embiem of the re- publicans—and stentorian, voices rather disturbed the equanimity of severai old gentlemen who were enjoying their cigarettes and the fading twilight “o'er the dark biue sea.” It is peculiarly Spanish to send a Biscayen, singing the great Spanish hymn of liberty, to cut the throats of the Cubans, who love the said Riego’s memory as much as any Spaniard, and are only endeavoring to carry out what he taught. But wuy wonder? Cosas de Espaiia! Spanish Fairs—Old == Customs—Clubs—Par- venues—Fashionable Resorts—How the Cuban Insurrection is Regarded—Conflicting Views—America Blamed. Capiz, May 27, 1869, The annual fairs of this province are almost al over. Excepting one or two in the latter part of the summer there will be no more this year. It Is be- lieved that these agricultural bucolical reuntons are dying out; that the railroad has been the grave of the fair. Certain is it that the grand fair of Seville Was a tame assemblage this year. In former years the weaith, beauty and talent of fair-skied Andalu- sia used to spend the three days in the midst of good cheer and the most bewitching of smiles; but ali has departed, Nothing now remains but the skeleton of @ once happy time. The oranges viossom and the Guadalquiver creeps away to the sea just as they did when Pizarro set out for the golden idol of the Peruvians. The antl-republicans, as a matter of course, absented themselves in order to punish the poor, who are generaliy opposed to monarchy. But the fact of Moutpensier being still in Lisbon, and the magnates of Seville in Paris and London, the fair this year was poor and spiritiess, At Jerez de iu Frontera, tue capital of sherrydom, the fair was better than expected. Last year the firat One was inaugurated inthe midst of a stifling levantar; this year it was more pleasant and weli attended. Each class of society had its club (casino), bat the great army of the unwashed patronized the tents and the green plain to their entire satisfaction and the amusement of ail. Club No, 1gvas the headquarters of the few re- maining nobles, the rich wine exporters and the young sclons of first class London houses, who spend afew years there studying grape juice and the secrets of the wine trade in general. If you havea codfish aristocracy in and around Fifth avenue haddock aristocracy at Jerez. {t knows nothing but the value of wine and the latest prices ofthe same. Unlike the codfish it is iuhospit ble, bat excessively polite. Bows a ‘smiles, > la Carker, are numerous; every one studies hypocrisy ail are adepts at dissimulation. The other clubs represented the small merchants and the artisans and were dally crowded, Puerta Real—Port Royal—is the Saratoga of Ca- diz. It les in the midst of @ pleasant country and annaally has a fair which is well attended. It con- cluded on the 9th inst. with music and bag tum. vo b oag evening pleasures coucluded with free works, &c. Ateach of these fairs the best of order was ob- served, but no one knew When @ fight might com- mence, The number Of troops and guardia civies was greater than usual, but their presence was not needed. The Spaniard never quarrels at @ fair; ne does not envy his neighbor's pleasures, and keenly enjoys all hecan, It is among the people, not in the casinos, one finds out the public sentiment Cuba 1s the absorbing topic; but how is it viewed by the rich and poor? The former assert that it is impossible to have @M insurrection tn Cuba unless sustained by the United Stat The valor of the Cubans ts j,the power of the United States is known, acknowledged and dreaded. There iw not one of the aristocracy but believes that we are doing all we dare do in favor of Cuba; that we Want it, but hesitate to offend France and England, who woula resent our interference by proclaiming war ns knock all our cities to pieces, &c. venerable old fellows have sense enough to admit that France or Engiand, single-handed, could not do 0, but united they would ture tI White House and Kansas City, No credit is giv to General Grant for sincerity, He is judged by the standard that 18 used in Kurope:—Lie as often as you _ be found out; take you can; keep ail ou have. Toro middie class i# 1n 8 muddle about the matter. They don’t want to pay any more for cigarettes than ut it; but Kentucky and Virginia supplies them, and not Gaba. It would be to lowe ul but 1t would be Worse to lose one’s Iife in the et ce, an mete “Ever Faithful fi want to assist ‘Ihe “mudsilis” don't care a rush about ‘They would not like her to cut away from the mother country, but they would give an independent autonomy and haul of the e ted leeches Tas “arialuiaa* of at asiee “ert t millions ae Yong that has been inflic but the old jard 18 to all kinds of argument exce ultimo obitv! Editors gravel rt, civilized fha colonized ofthe brave Cubans. De Es absorbing fooling among the upper classes ta General Grant ws no! sincere, but 1a @ kind of devil-may-care feeling amoung the lower tier of the human family, The Spanish Crown—Dom Augustus of Portu- gal and His Chances—The Regency—Who Will be Regeut tDeliberatious of tho Cortes. a: Maprip, May 28, 1869, We received news on the night of the 23d from Lis- bon which will change materially the prospects of Antonio, Duke of Montpensier, to the throne of Spain. The news reported that Dom Augustus, son of Dom Ferdinand and brother of Dom Louis, King of Portu- gal, is about to marry one of Montpensier’s daugh- ters, and that if invited to fli the Spanish throne Dom Augustus would with the greatest pleasure ac- cept the honor. To confirm in a measure this report there was @ paragraph which stated that the Portu- guese government had declared that the telegram relating to the refusal of Dom Ferdinand was an individual act of Dom Ferdinand him- self, The heads of the great progresista party instantly went into council. It has not yet transpired what the council agreed upon. During the whole week they have held secret seasions to discuss the regency question, Upon this head they disagree, A portion of the progresistas desire Espartero, another Prim, another Serrano. There is no doubt that Prim could obtain the honor if he could be induced to accept it; but he prefers the portfolio of War Minister to the title of regent. Serrano says that if the Cortes forces it upon him he will accept it, otherwise not, Whoever accepts it, whoever 18 elevated, will have but a brief period to enjoy its privileges; for the Cortes do not intend to take up the subject until the constitution has been promulgated, which will take place soon after the termination of the debates upon it. The pro- mulgation will be made with great solemnity, and speeches are to be delivered to the several political factions by their respective chiefs. The project of a regency will be presented before the Cortes imme- diately afterward, and itis just possible that they may vote the king. + On the night of the 23d, as I previously informed you, the Cortes heid a night session, which lasted from half-past nine o’clock P. M. to twelve midnight, The debates upon the project of the constitution were taken up. Without any discussion whatever upon them articles 72, 78, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, relative to the succession of crown and the regency, were passed, Chapters 6 and 7, containing articles 79 and 97, inclusive, relating to the Ministry and laws regu- laung the judicial power, securing trial by jury and the personal responsibility of magis' and judges, were algo passed without much opposition. ‘ne republicans since their defeat upon the govern- ment question have not taken part in any of the dis- cussions, except upon the article relating to the for- mation of the Spanish Congress. Tney worked assiduously on this point, and were fortunate enough to secure thirty-six additional votes to their own number of seventy-one, failing only of eleven in obtaining a majority. The republicans voted for one house; the monarchists voted for two houses, the Senate and the Co! of Deputies, aud their votes numbered 118 against 107. The Spanish Press on the Seizure of the ‘Tornado. The seizure of the British steamer Tornado, off Madeira, on August 22, 1866, by the Spanish war frigate Gerona, a full account of which appeared in the HEGALD of April 11, 1867, has given rise toa renewal of demands by the English government, not only for the restitution of the vessel, but for inaem- nification to the owners and crew. El Universal, of Madrid, of May 25, has the follow- ing comments on the question:— ‘he English government, with the good intentions that characterize it in all international questions, now demands the restitution of the Tornado and also indemnification for the owners and crew. suppose that these ridiculous demands will not be granted. Engtand ts always disposed to take ad- vantage of everybody and everything, and it is time that she commenced to moderate her humor. We still recollect that in the war for independence the people of Spain bore more hatred to the English than the French, although the former were aliiea and the latter enemies, Verily, say we, ‘‘May the Almighty always deliver us from such allies!” Some tirmuess ia, however, being displayed in the matter of the Tornado. GERMANY. Political Calm—Opinions of the Press—Danish Frontier Question~Emigration to Texas— Oficial Care for Emigrants. BERLIN, May 28, 1869. ‘The press is high and dry on the otherwise fruitful topic of peace and war, owing to the present calm in politics. It labors hard to stir up a vreeze, and does not disdain to revert to what happened nearly ® year ago in order to show that the slightest inci- dent may sever the bonds of continental harmony. It may be recollected that in the Prussian Diet last summer, when Bismarck pleaded im favor of confis- cating the Hesse and Hanoverian domains, he spoke ofa fortunate accident which alone had prevented the breaking out or war. It was a cheap way of rat- tling swords, and helped on his argument against ex- king George. But the press here has now discov- ered that he must have had reference to the Spanish revolution and its having acted as a sudden check to the French government. In corroboration a note has been found which (August 23) was handed by the French Chargé d’ Affaires to the Baden government at Carisruhe, inquiring into the state of ita relations towards Pru: and the #orth German Confedera- ton. Itis further averred tthat Baden, greatly em- varrassed for an answer, next applied to Berlin for advice. Whether or not it obtained tt is not known, but the sudden revolution in Spain changed the po- sition of aifairs and saved Baden @ reply to the French note, ‘ The belief that ere long a bloody war between France and Prussia 18 unavoidable has become more Urmly rooted abroad than here. it should not be overlooked that both nations have gradually pro- gressed in enlightenment, that increased intercourse and trafic have to a great extent removed old preju- dices, and that, most of all, the people have become convinced of the foolishness of tighting for the am- bition and benetit of dynasties. There are many bere and in France whose interests jie altogether with the army and war, whose hopes of bettering their condition are based upon a grand national duel, But there are also in both countries vast num- bers of honest citizens who fuily appreciate the blessings of peace, knowing well that even success 2 war ge aga results in misery and thraldom of @ people. Anotier attempt to show the probability of war is made by the Moscow Gazetre, Which views Prussia as in @ desperate position, arising from the growing dissatisfaction im tts annexed provinces, and from which to free itself it may be compelied to declare war against France. In this event, says that journal, Prussia would be forced to offer substantial advantages to Russia in order to obtain its sympathy, and that would be the proper moment for Russa to regain its former influence among European cabinets. it further argues the necessity of military prep tions so that Russia may be ready to speak a dect- sive word when appeaied to, which will most likely be the case within ayear, Her armament ougat to be completed, though in case of war she may con- fine herself to military demonstrations, rigidly ab- staining from actual participation in favor of either power, It may admitted that some dissatistac- on 1s yet existing in Hanover and Hease, though it 18 far from caus any disquietude to the govern- ment here, else King William would not go, as he does on the 28d inst., to visit and stay a week in these provinces, The above mentioned attempts of the press to kick up a dust are entire failures, ade still more #0 by the late Austrian throne sh, Even that old question respecting the ish boundary in North schleswig remains dor- Mant, and Prussia retains possession of the districts mentioned ta the Vienna oe, without any remonstration from other Powers. The guarantees which, according to article five of that treaty, Prussia is entitled to demand Denmark ‘in behalf of the German inhabitants of those districts cannot be given at Copenhagen, and it ia quite evident that article five i# @ gordian knot, to cut which it would require an Alexander nowhere to pe found just at present. It is, indeed, the best thing which Denmark can do to admit the force of @ fat accompli and of the old saying, ‘Possession is nine points of the law,’ rather than contiaue to grumple and cry over spilled milk. she begun to take maiters in good part Was shown at the iate occasion of the arrival at Kiel of the iron-clad King William 1., whick, in the Danish press, is spoken of as a miracie of “naval peo admitting, at the same time, the uncon- itional supremacy of the North German navy. The Dagbladet, ot Cieeti in its leading arti says:—"While in 1864 we had successfully blockaded the Prussian ports of the Baltic, our navy is now fully eclipsed by that of North Germany, wit financial resources and in the possession of the ex- cellent Schleswig-Holstein harbors.” The same pa- ir pri the superior disctpiine in the North erman navy and Site the bad manage. ment of the Danish and tho disadection of its officers othe North German Ambassador at Washington, jo lor at Washi in the United States, has called the attention of the government here to the strenuous endeavors of the agents of the several States of the Union, but espe. cially of the former slave States, to attract to their = jon the tide of emigration. individual it the name of Bohuetae han been point out to him as an agent of @steamship company which has engaged five years to ag to Germany and eoure 0,008 colonists for Texas. This scheme, it is asserted, is riers theme eae guarantees in favor of emt- uch as many prominent | fie"Lone Star State have, their protent Star we entered ti ie against the undertaking. As @ general Seen grants forwarded thither at the expense ‘of the State or by intervention of — would be lanted at tian co oooupy and quite al for ‘aetyementy be. aides being unhealthy as to olumaic, moet tn. Would be compelled to accept anything offer. It remains to be seen the government do to prevent sim; ‘minded « em: wending thelr way to Texas. To us it would ap| that they have at alleventa arigat to betver their condition, and that yy will unquestionably do should they disembark either Quebec, Galveston or Port Lavacca, whether under the auspices of the aforesaid Schugtze or any other agent. Catholic Demonstration—Berlin Financee— Hateful Inquisition—Arbitrariness of the PoliceThe North Germau Budget—Wolal Dodcit. f BERLIN, May 25, 1860. The Papal jubilee on the 11th ult, passed off here Without any éclat, being commemorated only by a forenoon and afternoon service at the cathedral, In the Rhenish provinces, Westphalia, also in Bres- lau, Stettin and other towns inhabited by numerous Catholics, they honored the day by processions, high masses, iluminations and pyrotecunics. Such took place in Cologne, Dusseldort, &c., but the town of Elberfeld had to renounce the intended proces- sion, it betng inhibited by the police force, which was no doubt apprehensive of riotous conduct om the part of the non-Catholica, The good Elberfeid folks had appealed to the district government, and even to King William, for a removai of the Police taboo, but it was sustained for their own benefit, and they had to content themselves with dinners, concerts and an illumination, At the com- cert they performed tableaux vivants, and as an evi- dence of bad taste they glorified in one of these the Papal victory at Mentana, of French Chassepot renown. This potitical demonstration in a towa With many Protestant inhabitants speaks favorably for the foresight of the police; though, on the other hand, such an interference with communal affairs would seem rather unwarrantable, How such power, vested in the royal police—and government ts en- titled to supply all cities and towns numbering over 60,000 inhabitants with that institution—oper- ates also injuriously can be seen in the Berlin com- munal budget, which is constantly upset, and labor- ing at present under a heavy deficit, owing to the imperative demands of improvements, such as lay- ing open new streets, widening the old, expropriat- ing hot &c., and which, being once made by the police, are invartably confirmed by the Minister of the Interior. ‘The finances of the city, which a few years ago were in the most healthy condition, yielding a con- siderable annual surplus, now require not only & loan but an income tax, which will be levied, for the first time, on July 1 of the current year, and is looked upon with much greater aversion than tie existing taxes on estates, house rents and trades, as well a8 the city octroi. This must not be understood as if noincome tax has heretofore existed, for sich has always been levied by government, but never by the city. The greater portion of the octrol, which yleids enn am int and i# collected at the city gates by for Vievenne QMicers, falis to the treasury of he State, in considera’ ts incomes of citizens amounting to Hee hoe shah are exempt from that tax. But the Dew city ineome tax will collected on all incomes, however large or small, and for that purpose 900 volunteer assessors are now at work prying into the private affairs of small traders, mechanics and laborers with arfincome of less thaa 1,000 thalers, while those of a higher category are simply copied from the government roll. In connection with this I may mention the sub- ject of exempting the military from paying com- munal taxes, which, being the law in Prussia, it is proposed in the Reichstag to extend it ail over the confederation. ee en oe the ct ad of twenty-one appoint report upon the General Moltke, who ought not to have been selected ina matter touching so directly the interest of the army. At the first meeting of the committee yester- day @ proposal was made to the effect of exempt one half of the salary of miittary persons, but tn Bund Commissary declared himself without sam- cient instruction, It 18 evident that such exemption is a serious loss to the large cities which are heavil rrisoned, though the government contends that rd fundamental Rett of military legislation. ‘The Reichstag has entered upon the budget dis» cussion, @ sore point with deficits in every direction. ‘The milk and water Geputy, Herr Miguel, trom Hano- ver, provoked the hilarity of the house by saying that the South would soon be ready and willing to contribute their ratio to- wards the expenses of the navy, hitherto borne by the North alone. Deputy Herr Hoverbeck pointed to the military éfat as the proper place to introduce economy; but President Delbrick in his reply seemed to be fully assured in advance that the House would grant the necessary supplies. The official organ says, in an article concerning the Ananies of the confederation:—"‘They must ph a firm basis in ba to givé Prussia a guarantee for the stability Of her own budget, which has been hitherto a fundamental source of her national strength, Any convuision in the monetary affairs of government, even a temporary one, would cause much greater sacrifices in future than it would at present. The government hopes to avoid tnis danger by means of taxation which will not press too heavily upon the oe le, and counts upou the support of ali patriota in the interest of the confederation a8 well as thas of Prussia. The more readily we comply with the undeniable wants of the confederate government the sooner we are enabled to agree upon measures calculated for the interior development of the Bund.” Particulars of the New Stamp Tax. ‘The Chancellor of the North German Confedera- tion has just laid before the Federal Council a bill relative to a stamp on receipts, being the eighth of his financial measures, The tax on asum of five thalers will be six pfenn! ind on ten thalers and upwards one groschen. impost 18 an imitation of the pen: org 4 on receipts of two pounds ang point of view of Frassian togisiation the reform ia jew 0: ion the reform great importance, as, by the law of the 22a March, 1822, receipts required @ stamp equal to one and & half per cent of the sum paid. The new tax la é: pected to Drones 8 sum of 1,000,000 thalera, 1,500,000 thalers at most. AUSTRIA. A Prussian Criticism on the Emperor of Ause tria’s Late Speech, The Kreutz Zeitung of Berlin contains the follow- ing remarks on the speech from the throne delivered by the Emperor of Austria at the closing of the Reichsrath:— We aincerely rejoice to see that Austria considers ner new military organization as only an additional guarantee for the which she requires. She is right to aftirm, from the be of view of her own interests, the necessity for tranguillity. Prussia and France have also recognized that universal need. A State is honored by suc an admission, which, moreover, facilitates the pacific task of the others, and the de- sired object will be the more surely obtained if care is taken everywhere to abstain from unfriendly acts and insinwations of @ nature to spread uneasiness, In any case the Emperor Francis Joseph, at Pesth, as at Vienna, has given a valuable pledge which will certainly be received with favor throughout the Aus- tro-Hungarian monarchy. FOREIGN SCIENTIFIC NOTES. m Rabelais, quarto, was recently sold in Paris for 22. A German professor, Dr. Brogsch, has made an arrangement with the Viceroy of Egypt to open @ university in Cairo on the same basis as those im Europe. In a paper addressed to the Academy of Sciences of Toulouse, France, M. Musset confirmed a fact, the trath of which has more than once been a subject of controversy—viz., the difference of diameter pre sented by trunks of trees in certain directions, Ace cording to the author of the per, all the large healthy trees of the woods of Ville d (Mas and of cases, pod io Cloud are, in the immense Wet! in the direction from east to than cone thet) Dra, Gachet ana Guerdat, Ma, Mino dw + acl Blariohara ‘nd Dareste add. the to Montpellier, has observed the same phenomenon the veroal Cee ry town; 80 likewise hag M. ign au ay eye! forests, at Daumazan, The u it theref Ww to te ie Soh at AER Wl el en to explain. Mr. St. Claire-Deville fecently communicated a letter to the Academy of Sciences of Paris on the riodical return of phenomena in May, certain ugust and November, 1869, and in February, 1! ‘After alluding to the beadti‘ul aurora borealis’ wht ‘was seen on 16th of April, which he (i nized anoth | eng A 1 ral ujae nner, @ torm intended ey the idea Of rrogtoal Fe ra of the said nomena, he pi to w that during jas ear there occurred certain facts tending to contras 19 views. Thus a great aerate Age ere istored between the oth and the ye 1 At Cracow there were two storms on the 1ith 1sth of that month. The 9th and 10th of it, 15685 ‘was rent by lightn! and ith of Si ‘were, ag nsual, remarkable for thetr but at the same time the bbe Mao Se month the terrible earthq! still fresh in the minds of our readers. Between the sth and the 26th there were three thermometrie ‘and barometric waves disturbances) which traversed all Buro} November, 1868, is celebrated for its magnificent shower of shooting stars on the 14th, As for February, 1409, M. Ooggi@ satouno ‘from, Marseilles that on’ the n tie me ocou! the her Denza, Director of on tispaervatory of Moncalteri, on ine night of te 14th saw 4 curious i northern of the sky similar to that which on @ fine evening precedes the rising of the fall moon. This light was consid. ered to be the reflection of an aurora berealis, From all th Ste. Ol Phenomena jaire- Deville conciudes that there ts @ strong connection of @ periodical nature between them, the law of which be is now endeavoring to determige.