The New York Herald Newspaper, August 5, 1867, Page 8

“THE SOUTH. Reports of the Special Correspond ents of the Herald. POLITICS IN ALABAMA. ALARMING APATHY OF THE WHITES. Partin! Failure of the Cotton Crop in Mississippi. ALABAMA. SPECIAL CORRESPONDENCE OF THE HERALD. Politics im the State—Tho Number of Males— An orreet: Census—Prob Re of the, Elections—Alarming Apathy Whites—Organizution of the Radicals Nombers of White Unioninis Leaving the Loyal League—Ednecating the Blacks. Moxroowery, Ala, July 28, 1867, ‘Tho State census of 1860 showed a decrease ID po Mon since 1860 of 3,632 whites and 15,325 blacks—total, 18,957. It 19 the opinion of many, and It is very appar- ent, that the last State census was not complete, and that many blacks in some counties were not enumerated in the consus returns. Atthe time the census was taken the blacks wero constantly migrating from one county te another, and some who had wo regular employment purposely eluded or deceived the census takers, bdeliev- Ang that vy so doing they would be relieved from the payment of taxes. Asan oxample to point, showing the Snaccuracy of the State census, tt may be stated that in this eity the municipal authorities were satisiied that the enumeration of tubabitaats was not fall and com- plete, and bad the cau takeo, by which it waa found that upwards of 2.500 persous nad uot been em- braced in the Stats consus roturns. ‘Phe number of persons (white) who took the amnesty eat in 1965 was, according to returns made to the Secretary of mtate, about 56,700, which, 1 is conceded, wer, say within fen thousand of the full voting strength of the State at that time; and the number of voles cast for Governor at the jast election (August, 1805) was, in round numbers, 45,000. In the Presidential lection of 1860 there wero ninety thousand votes pulled, Great nambers of whites have, for various reasons, re- Sused to register. Supposing that the last State census, as lo whitos, is iM a great measure correct, it will be #een that (hero are vot now as many white maies twenty-one years of ago as there were in 18 vhen, Srom ively thousand, the number of voters ip 1860, Abere must he a deduction made for the number of voters deceased during the war, a considerable number Gisfranchised and thore who refuse to register—at Joust forty thousand—shich would Jo ave as the probable namper of whites who will qualify as yotera fifty The census of 1566 shows the number of ween the ages of twenty and one hun- 265, but many believe there are more than . The Lacks aro registering Very generaliy, d even ininors, it 18 slated, Io many losiances are per: tied to register as voters, Itis fair to assume, theo, that there will be at least eighty-five thousand colured voters. From this calculation I make the following SUMMARY number of white vot number of colored voters Prob Prot ed number of voters in the State Frobabie majority of colored voters... 000 Judge W. H. Saito, Superimtendent of Registration for this State, estimates that not more toan about 136,000 persons will bo registered Jt will be safe to aasert ‘that ihe estimate above made of the number of whites and blacks that will register in this State is at least ‘within five thousand of the number tha: will be returacd as qualified voters. The State Convention will be composed of one bun- dred siolegates, that beg the number of members in * tho most numerous branch of the State Legislature "’ In at least twenty-two couuties, it is estimated from the partial or compiete returns received, there wil! bu ‘@ wajonity of colored voters. These counties will ba en- fitled to about fifty-two or fitty-tour delegates in the Convention. ‘The remaining forty counties, im which the whites will have the majority, will be entitled to about forty-eight member: if we admit that the whites will all vote one way aad control a part of the colored vote throughout the State, it will be seen that they could probably control the political complexion of the Cocvention and determine its policy. But it must be borne in mind that there is in many counties a strong yadwal party, of which the Loyal League ig a mos: potent auxiliary, if not the controling element of the party itself, The radicals and the Leacue have boon hard at work (or many months perfecting therr organization, and confidently expect to carry the Sate, The republican party is composed o wen of every. of ‘political opinion, = It be not tw be gainsayed that it bas som Dad meu in it; but the majority seem to be good mon, of W final settlement of our politi d joined the party becanse they believed ‘was o safe aud sure means of reconstruction apd restor tion; and then there are those who sustaia all extren and intermediate opinions, and men of almost auy“aut fodeais seem to readily find @ piace to fail in and march with the com»mya. Tis a able fact that the majority of the Diacks will yore thy republican ticket—that is, tho way y are drilled and instructed to vote by the League and by Variovs other agencies, such as promises, persuasion, threat the teres ings 1ous and Degevolent societie: wtuerto in & great measure UoKAOwD 40 po nd ditlleult to succosstully comoat. Partial telat returns received at Regisization show appalling apath; di part of the whites in reiereac reconstruction aud tration, Partial returns from forty-nine show that only 28,000 whites (round un Tegistered, to 49,000 biaek, making a total of about age of the bi the conservatives in som: in Middie aud South the conservatives have delayed organizatioa too long. A faci to be considered 18, that im many Counties where the anti-ree uction feeling is etrougest the number of colored voters largely exceed the whites, aod the Diacks are for the most part already prepared through the League and other influences to vote (he republican ticket en magi, and uniess the conservatives can divide apd Control a large part of the colored vote their Chances of success are extremely douberet 1b ts reported that in some of the hill or North Aia- Dama counties, in which the whites exceed the diacks, that large numbers of whites are quitting the League. is i in part true, but it ts by no me i may not jo that reconstruction |s certain in Alabama, republican party will carry the day ‘p tho approaching slections. As au example of the indifference of the whites in re. tr to registration. the following table exbibite the t:f- reace between (be uomuber of males, white ead Diack, five large counties, between the ages of twenty and ne hundred, accor to the State census of 1866. and Bhe number of persons returned as registered vovers iu 4 counties, ander the miliary bills: — igi | Males between the, Number of wo.ers ages of 20 and 100\regutered in ive feensus of 1966) |year 18€7. eee, Cown nes Barbour »v Devs Madison . arbour co \d Montgor hear from. Not ° “will register in Mob:.e, and ut | jontgomery county. Active eforts are being taken look.ng to the education nd Are aitend the freedmen, Upwards of one thon echoul in this city aud county Bomber who are taught om plaptat ous t church of this city, @ substantial ive by forty-fve, ts very peariy com, abs ng will also be used as @ schoo! house A Barge colored academy will also goon be bulk Th is @revfying to know that many whites, formeriy s.avo- @whers, are contributing nandeomely towards the pro- potion of the cause of religion and education among the Sreedmen. of the freed ext. Proficiency mp pup diy aod he pritary branches, Wbeering Accounts of the € vatives Orgauizing=No 1} Registration, om The ¢ Montoomear, Als., July 30, 1967, ‘The bosiness circles of the city are onus quiet, nothing but ® retail trade going on, money very fight and hard, and Many dealers being unadie to meet engagements aro being ‘closed out’ by the of Nowbers are taking advantage of the Bankrupt iat that only affords immediate reltef. From aff parte of the State come most cheering ac counts of erops. The canebrake region, Known asthe ‘Dest fart section of the State, has splendid crops ef corn, and planters are freely offering shat articie at fifty cents, to be delivered in aixty days. The morthers part of the State, where so much destitation bas called Joualy wyon say denevoience of the Nori for reties, reports abundant wheat crop, That article is now telling at $1 50 per bushel. The cotton crop all over the State is very promising, and, while pot beyond all con- tipgency, a very large yield is expected. Cotton bolls are opened im advanced felis, and wo hear of some planters who will in ® few weeks have enough to pick, Tho freedmen aro work’ finely. the seasons are splendid, and the whole country ia beperu) of 8 greatand unprecedented yield. Some Sections aro suilonmg @ litte from the army worm and ust, but generally everything 18 favorable now for a good crop im bis State. Although some farmers wero Cowpelied to Jet their lands he for the want of labor, bibers have in more than ever before, and, upon the wholg, itisthought as many bales will be produced this asm any previous year. Large tions are mado upon the crop for ‘ait business, and unless these expec- taxons are realized the country willbe in a worse con- dition than ever—uiteriy Ful General Clorton, an @X-rebel generel, is out in a card, : man of (he conservative Executive Committeo, onservative convention, without distinction of eior, bere for first Wednesday of September. In private be announces it as bis purpose to con- vince freedmen that the ex-rebels and slaveholders the pegro’s best friends, and tus to fight the with their OWm Weavons—the negro population. A county mocting ig called here for the 10th of August 1o nominate delegates to the State moeting of Septem- ber. Itrs proposed to divide equally the delegates bo- tween white and black. It remains to be seen bow strong this party is among the colored voters, nothing like this having ever before been inaugurated. | Of their proceedings 1 wil! acquaint you. Friday last a little white boy killed a colored one near tho railroad by shooting. Thoy were travelling together, And it is claimed wns tho result of accident, Tho white boy was committed to jail, A colored man, named Paul ‘Taylor, convieted in the City Court for the murder of his wife and sentenced to be hauged Friday, had his ex- eoution postponed by Governor Patton until the 23d of August, im order to give time for his friends to show cause of pardon, ‘The Siate Inw now requires the exe- cution of crimmnats in (he jail yard, and only before officers, ‘Tho new African Baptist church a nearly completed, It ts built by the united eiforts of white and colored citl- zens, and is abendsome structure, A fund is being raised in tho city for the buliding of a colored schoolhouse, which will ba put up this fall for free schools. Great effort is beng madw by prominent civzons of this State, at whose head 13 Governor Patton, to atiract emi- gration and capital to Alabama, The Governor is out in along letter setting forth, the presumed advantages of tho soil and resonrees here over Western States. Planters are generally desirous of encouraging emigration. Registration is being rapyily completed in the State. So far tho blacks far outnumber the whites who register, though some of the targest white counties are to hear fro, It is probable the colored voters will outnumber the whito about twenty thousand. In this county they double tho whites, as in many othera, Much apathy is manifested on the part of the whites, MISSISSIPPI. SPECIAL CORRESPONDENCE OF THE HERALD. tton Growing Under the New Reglme-A Very Small Crop Avticipated=Some Other Dabor equived—The Negroes Will) Not Work—Votities the Cause—Planters Dec to Abandon Cotten Culture=The Taxes Onovous. Wasnrncton County, Miss., Jaly 22, 1867. Tnoticed a few days sinco in one of your leading jour- nals a word of encouragement to the Southern poopie to continue tho growth of cotton, This we would al! willingly do if we could be supplied with the requisite labor, but we are nally persuaded that the frecdmen are utterly useless for prospective operations, and that unless their places are soon supplied with como other roliable laborers, our broad fields will become wasied, Instead of the encouragement which we had a nght to expect while we were experimenting with we free negro, our energies have been taxed to pay tho burthens imposed upon cotton, and the result of last year’s ope- rations was, Wat those who succeeded best only made money enough to pay the Internal Revenue tax orf cot- ton. With but one or two exceptions in this county, every planter lost largely, This year’s operations were begun under more favorable auspices, planters attribut- ing their want of success to the fact that tbeir lands had been untilled for years. So we all imagined and continued hopeful until the utter failure of the labor at the eritical time domonstrated to the contrary. And now after a second year’s trial, we find ourselves about to experience another lose. IT am quite extensively ac- quainted throughout the cotton growing region and I am satisfied that there will not be im cultivation nex: year in cotton one-half the land now planted, Tbave had the most favorable opportunity of testing free labor. i bad twenty-three old hands last year, who, before the war, regalarly made from two hundred to two hundred and fifty bales of cotton, and they culti- vated about one handred and fifty acres of cotton well ; but failed aitogother to gather it, I was forced to em- ploy other labor to pick my cotton, and forty hands in threo months picked what ton would have gathered befure tho war. My case 13 one of ten thousend. We have, therefore, come to the deliberate conclusion 0 ¢ 1p planting unless we can obtain other Jabor. We prefer cooites, and if any capitalists in your great city would import them, or induce thom to emi- us as laborers, we would mak with them, If this is not do cotton growin Je must cease, and the spindles o! New England will be compelled to draw ther supplies of the raw material from the markets of the East, Injadicious taxation, added to the worthtess- ess of our labor system, will bankrupt the entire South anew. Oor lauds now are valueless, Where lands rented for ten doliars last year, the owners will be glad to get four dollars rent, avd they are daily sold at fabolousty low figures under the hammer. I fear the government the experiment will never becomo aroused ‘to the exigency until the Easiera, Middlo and Western States are called upon’ to supply us gratuitously, at gov. ernmont expense, with the absolute means of sabsictence, Pho direct tax, the Excise tax, the income tax the land tax, all Tanning against tae only prodact upon whieh we can rely for ey, Will break us up. Think of taxivg our product four tines, and the propositi somewhat starting. Nothing bat an extraordinary riso in cotton Wit save Us. The studied # abont the growing crop are all swrong. Last year we had on hand at Teast 400,000 bal of the old crop, probably more, and the whole crop forward did not reaca 2,000,000 bales. Ths year there cannot be much more tian 1,500,000. The immense ex- tent of country eabmerged, the lateness of the spring, the tim Juno and Jaly, the cut and boll worm . torpillar will reduce the crop at least one unit And if to this be added the tnefliciency of the Inbor, the estimate | place apon the crop ts a very safe on ° wilt nover Take 3,000,000 bales until coolles aro brought to the country in large numbers. Woe are all looking to the capitalists of New York for help, and to the enlightened judgment and enterprise of the Henaup to give point and practical wisdom to the Jegisiation of Congress on cotton and labor. The negro now won't do. His head is woo! gathering about poli- tics and political meetings; he only thiuks of party organizations, and, resting in the midst of rapidly growing grass upon the handle of bis ho», We pictures out some happy land of Canaan where labor i# unknown will be fed at some one else's expense. Of course I speak generally. There are some exceptions, and no one is more willing than T _ then their proper credit. T estimate these as ‘Mg about one-tenth of the laborers actually in employment, The boys, young men and women are utterly useless. The middie aged and old men cannot easily shake of tho habits of labor formed under the old regime. We are all withing to let Congress man‘pulate the negro and put him i high places, 80 we are not compeled to foot the oilie Give usa reliable tabor and the tibertr to c’ te flelis, without let or hindrance, and we not care now to have anything to do with reconstruction, We are satisfied the time is pear at hand when our disqual: cations will be re1 and when the same govern- ment whieh now puts the ban of treason cpon as wil call us from our retirement to save the country When thie (s done, and the recalcitrating effect of Congres- sional legislation @ felt, the extranchised Aw take © back seat, or, at best, serve on.y to give as ang- mented representation. eis AN ADVOCATE FOR CSOLIE LABOR IN THE UNITED STATES. 7O THE EDITOR OF THE HERALD. Some remarks were lately mado in the newspapers about hiring Chinamen who had served ous their term of service ia Cuba, and the writer eaid wes fo act against the freedman. to keep him out of work, This ‘s Altogether a mistake. I have just retursed from Now Orleans, where { took cate to notice that the (reedmen wore sought after, and bigher wages paid for ther labor on plantations than to any other laborers, and they are now beginning to work steadily and wet! ov ‘pp’ and Louisiana. They are paid from $16 to $20 per month and furnished with abundant rapions, e house to I've tm, the priviiege of ra'eing pigs end poultry, and jand for thetr wives end cb'iarea on which to raves as many vegetaties as they pieaso, free of rent or tax; and on many plantations ti was on they were allowed borees to eda But t wives and ch.ldren do not work: the cbildrec go to schoo! and the women remain at home In this way large amount of iabor lost that w: a United States governm . I came down the Arkaavas and Miss.s@pp! rivers, and ay of the large found ihat jarera, There jedated, and growing up in trees and bushes, that were once maguidcra: plantations prottable to the North that this state of ¢: exist! Cortain!y oot: settheris tt procta: ‘We must fee! the joss of the cortoa whole country, as well ia the = Louisiana, Texas or Miagsssippi. to do With tne inte war, as I was 4 Thave bad nothing Jaited States, but bave of tay, e brought in as taborers to Mi! the imen who are now employed by the government as fer 89d 018, enilory, Ba, NEW YORK HERALD. MONDAY, AUGUST 5, 188 RECONSTRUCTION. And yet Another Letter frem Gevernor Perry. Another letter from Governor Perry, of South Caro- lina, opposing the Congressional method of reconstruc tion, is published. Reading it, we are tempted tocry out:--‘How long, O Lord! how-long!”” The main por- tion of the letter is am attempt to prove that the negro is of ap inferior race, and therefore totally unfit for vot- ing or self-government, ignoring the fact that he already occupies the position mentioned, How eas:ly Mr. Perry stultides himeolf in bis argument respecting the capacity of the negro can be seen in the one extract we make from his letter:— In Liberia, where there is a nation of negroes, sent from the Usiied States, aad where they Lave formed a government, no white man is ailowed to hold oflice or vote at any eiection for any office, This is wise and PID, eg they have thought it necessary to make this exclusion for their own peace and prosperity. Have not the whito men tho same right to exchad> the negro from tho right of suflrago, when they kmow that the negroes have a majority ia the State and will seize the go of the State f permitted to vole? OPINIONS OF THE PRESS, Tho Political Condition of the South. [From the Savannah Republican. ] ANorthorn man, without a) observation, can- person: not rightly judge of the political condition of the South. | An the North the great republican party, believingytiat the South wilfully holds out against all terms of recon- citation, ara anxions that their own opinions and prin- ciples should succeed, and urge Congress to extremity, if the South does not reconstruct the States. It is trae that their ouly evidence of the condition of the South leads theta to | make sich conclusions, while the great mass of honest, willing Southern gent! inen are silent, such men as Hill and Toombs make in- cendiary speeches, which are read at the North as true exponents of the feeling of the South, The copperhead preas also loads to this opinion, for whenever a true Southerner broaches his sentiments, theso ignorant ce: sors publish them a3 radicals for expressing peaceadie opinions, and tbe North thinks the Southern loyalist an exception in politics, and considers bm virtually a Northern man come South; and the Souch fails to got the credit. At the same time men of respectability in the Sou'b, many of thom from the Confederate army, hearing the Duncombe of Hili and Toombs, and also believing that tie Norin bates them, are restrained from taking such and expressing such sentiments, as their hearts This siate of affairs is groatly avgravated by South, 8 during who, hopefut of office for the brief few y which they may survive, use means to intimidate and crash honest men better than themselves, ‘The charge that the white race and the black are at war is wholly unt the contest 18 earried on principally by white politicians. We have heard genilemon of Savannah, ex-Confederne officers, say that the Savannah nogroes arc good men, and that most of the arresis made aro of fugitive rascals, and we have every evidence that the colored mon of Georgia have great respect for the white gentle- men of the South. Ther will be no war of races here, however much sensation politicians may rant about it, Unseemly Rejoicing. [From the Jackson (Miss) Clarion. ] A paper in Georgia finds occasion for rejoi opiuion whieh it has formed, that ‘middie ¢ vote against holding a convention under the Sherman act.” “This is very cheering news,” quoth the anr- constructed Knight of the quill, butit is “not yet very sanguine tuat the State will be saved trom the dishonor and curse of a convention.” For this unseomly exhibition of joy the New Orleans Picayune, @ sterling and able journal, administers to the Georgia paper a wholesome iesson, saying ‘‘no mat- ter how the whites of northera, middle, soathern, or all Georgia vote, we do not believe they can pravent the eventual holding of a convention, As the law now siands, they may do 80, provided a majority of the reg- istered voters will it. But bow long, think you, will the poor privileges of the sberman act bo allowed tho contumacious? Just long enough for the Radical Con- gress to pass an act giving the control of the Siate to those who vote for holding a convention. We should be punished with an enactment embo- dywg alt the odious features of the lato President’s “one-tenth” or rotton borough scheme, We should be ruled by the most dangerous, ignorant, reckios#, inflammable elements of socicty—enfranchised negroes, mercenary demagogues from the North, aud the baser ones of home growth. Conventions and ‘legs: Jatures 80 mado up would indeed be dishonoring to the people of Georgia, or any other Southorm State, the citizens of which made them possible through their apathy, or sentimental dallying with principles, feclings or recollections that how pure and ennobling soever can ht ip the issue than the dreams of Rosicrucians. A convention so held would be a jor, because it would be self imposed, and only so, would be a curse, and that of the most intolera- racter, we can assure the Consiitutionatis!, from our experioncs in this State.” The Impolicy of Opposition. [From the Richmond Whig.] ‘To show the futility and impolicy of Southern oppos!- tion to the republican programme in regard to recon- struction it is only necessary to pursue tho following train of thought:—That opposition should combine all of the Southern whites, save those i Union during the war. tt should be an orcauized oppor tion, and act by meaus of party machinery. All ex-Con. federates should belong to it. "Its aim should be to pre- vent the republicans from carrying out their pro- gramme, It should rest its ciaims to the sapport of the Southern people upon the assumption that Southern sen imeni, or rathor the sentiment of the ex-Coniederate whites, should prevail, and that the ideas and views of the conquering section should not ve permitted to ba introduced! Another assumption would bo that none but ex-Coniederate whites should be elocted to office. Would not this be a Confederate theory, and, if such a party provailed, would it not in eflect tevive and set in operation Confederate p ciples? This proposition will scarcely be denied. not the North know this as well as wo do, aud can we be so blind asto suppose that, after fighting for four years, at a sacrifics of nearly a baif million ives and a loss of three thous#nd millions of dotlers, there is any, the most remote, possibility that the North will, under ¥ circumstances, aliow us to resume and carry out any programme of our own—any Southern program me— least of all one squinting, however falutly and furticely, at tho Confederate eystem? If we suppose suck a thing possible we deceive ourselves most grossly and act under @ delusion destived to work au inconceivable amount of mischief to the fortunes of those most dear to us, We aro not speaking of things as we could wish them to bo, but as they really are, The policy we shonld lke to seo Would be one of such macnanimity as would love opposition without the justitication of the morest t. Bat wo remember that we ure the conquered party and lave no right to dictate a policy. prerogative of the couquoror, What we have ea tho futility of an organized opposition resting upon w Confederate basis—the only basis on whic erected. Would it not be worse than f not be in the highest degree destructiv taterests? We think it would. There cag be uo reason able doubt on this point. “yhe whole North would be evnvinced that we are still “ip the gall of bitterness,"* that wo hate the Unio that we are still determined to carry on the contes:, It ‘would be in vain forus to explain our position by fine spun theories and nicely drawn ¢istinctions, They ‘would all be scouted and we with them, The answer of the repubticanized North would be, “You are con- tumacions and disioyal; without arms, your logic ts that of men who only want arms to make that logic effec- tive We will not trast you, We will craw your teeth and cut your clawe to ent you ‘rom being dap- erous in the fut ."" Toe meaning of this would be chisement and cunfiscation. These, our view, wilt be the inevitable results of Opposition to the a. programme; hence our dread of that opposit We cav see email difference between those extremists on the one side who advocate z the time will uever come when we will prove insonsivie to the appeals of honor—true honor. But the time cer tainly bas notcome when se can suffer [aise pride to betray us into the error, may we oot say the er:me, of sacricing for naught the prevent and future inverests of the peopie of this renowned but eficies Commonwea.th. A Survey of the Field. [From the News Reconstruction under bas been iy x sh ‘ast deen ambie time for even the slowest intetiect to arrive 4t e conclusion tn reference to the line of policy to be pursued ender its provisions Accortingly wo find that the leading men ali over the South tave takon their po- sitions, sud tn most cases have mate Known the sane through the public priate Upon © survey of the fold we fod that much the ee, nomber of Ao fe....-J S the ve scompied the Con plan of Fechamraction, wud have conmantiy and oar aged Its adoption on the part of those ‘who they micht have reason to believe would be swayed ‘by their opaions. And there (sin this wothing surprising. jen We reflect upon ihe nature ¢f the qua! t nge the people with confidence, D 3 in conferr.ng ofices of honor aad emolur the mea who possess, or are supposed to ties, We cannot wonder that these foremost men to tead the way in the efor coasful roby m of the countrr. KA en understood |" Who were qun ied MED when there States seceded, ‘political philosopters,’’ ae they are pleased to eal! themseivos, who have their cot ‘Dappy core ees that the future Dittor'aa wil: that meed of praise douied thom by short eghted mporary interest also those whom opposition forced, unconscionsty t part, to taking extreme ground on che ery. who hat persuaded themse. tos 1 avge a Dieses: reece: Bout It Bo state Of Foor tation war pervec. Thi venderd,” foF ibe most part, haye met adhesion to the ineritaic logic of faote, ey et feat to the * constitution of our fathers,” wilfully the fact that the events of ihe part serves years offecred oo! 80 ~ haps on Fajen ot @ revolutionary change !m (ht goeramen; of the United States, They are ni guides; indeed think they ever were, Events bave proved we do not (hem bitad of professing from shame, s fear of being charged with baer have not yet made @ public profession of oir fai In Georgia we find ex-Governor Joseph E. Brown, & bold, independent and far: leader of the people. He mapped forth promptly, aimost upon the very day of the publication of the act, and counseled its acceptance, showing that he had welt considered the subject during the two years of its prelim: tation, He 1s one of the few public men of the have a part in the history of the past, fully equal to the demands of the present; who sees that the issues for which we went to war are gone—bave been swept ent out of exist- ence; that the world has moved onward during those si: or seven notwithstanding the blockade of the Southern cotton ports. Governor Brown is abroast with the times, and one of those-men who large re; Georgia, muoh larger than im South Carolina. only have Mir, BF. Perry openly and decidedly pro- nouneed against reconstruction, and perhaps oue or two newspapers of circulation and influence. In Georgia the greater part of the press, and some of the best papers in the State, are in the opposition” Of public me Governor Jenkins, ex-Senator B. H. Hill and ex-Gover nor Herschel V. Johnson are known to be on that side. So also sen es Stevens, who, however, has studi- ousty avoids ivi any public expression of his views. Mosers. Sobnesn and Hill iave written: much, and their arguments bh: been extensively copied, not in Georgia only, but by papers favoring “passiviem’’ all over tho ith. The result of their teaching is seen in the small number of whites who register. True, they all—Perry, Jenkins, Hill and Jobn. son—ndvise every one qualified to register; but, as we predicted, when we first saw their views published, their influence must be directly the contrary. It is very natural for people to argue that if what they say is trae, registration can do no good; then wherefore undergo a useless mortification, Mischief of the Northern Democrncy, {From the Charlottesville (Va) Chronicle, } Irresponsible persons are much more violent than thoso who have to act in any matter of differenc> be- tween themselves and others, We see this in the Northern democratic press; it 18 ag bitter as gull; it is joaied with denunciations of Congress and the repubii- cans, it urges the non-acce) we by the South of the reconstruction bills But the South, which has to act, which has to feel the consequences of intemperate lan- guage, winch has to weigh the whole businoss calmly as practical question affecting ita very existence, is quiet and silent, ‘The samo fact is illustrated within our =tate ‘imits. Saddeniy the valley has become our South Caro- lina, ‘The press of the valley is much more “unrecon- structed” than that of the East, The Staunton papers, excepting tne Virginian, call onthe people to vote against convention, Why is this? At the North the democracy can afford to talic and to denounce, and to set up a race of martyrs, ‘The radical storm can only burit on their heads in the shape of an election, No military will rule in their households; no negroes will upturn their social stracture, In the valley there are few ne- qroes, and this explains why they are not as much dis- turbad as the people south of James river. This is why Mr. Baldwin is not as loxibloas Mr. Flournoy. Mr. Flour- noy has to deal practically with a great social claud; Mr. Baldwin only looks at it like an astronomer through ginss. itis the difference between playing the martyr and writing on martyrdom. It 1s the same thing in Ma- ryland and Kentucky, They are the only confederates left now. If Congress takes them in hand and ruins them they will become as mellow as the Charleston Mer- cury. This is the reason why our ladies aud the clergy have been so violent. They do not have to act (the clergy are comparatively withdrawn from secular affairs. ) The ladies merely xive vent to generous sontiments— often with no sense in them. They did mach by their thoughtless ardor to bring on the war. They did much to prevent an adjustment during the war, So with the clergy. These ciasses dealt with the abstract, and not with real confronting difficulties. The ladies took it for granted the thing would end Ilke a novel—in some pleasant, beroic way, Dr. Dabney is writing on cession now. Thore is no calculating the mischief the Northern democracy are doing us now. The republican there naturaliy concludes that the Philadelphia Age, or the New York Day Book, or the National Intelligencer talks as the Southern press talks. he inference ia that we are rife for another fight, and sul! strugghng and kicking, It is a great mistake. What a * Fighting Rebel” Thinks. Avwriter to the Columbus (Ga ) Inquirer, who styles himself a fighting rebel, pitches into ex-United State Senator Hill, of Georgia, who seems to think, by his letters and speeches, that a Southern war against the North bas just commenced, as follows:— ‘You keep throwing up to us secesh that ‘we are the most submissive of all,’’ We koow wo aro, because recognize the rightof the North to alter, to make and unmake, their own constitution eqaally with the South; and because wo pride ourselves upon our honor and chivalry, and are not going to retain tho stakes after we have put them up to the sword and lost. So far from being ashamed of our submission, we pride ourselves upon it as the highest evidence we can transmit to pos- terity of our high sense of honor—that we submitted as noue but gentlemen can to an unconditional surrender, withholding nothing, not even a bar of gold left hid in the camp, and claiming nothing, not even live—for if we are uot slain, 1uce Maximilian, it is not becaase our ives are not forfeited by an unconditional surrender, but because the characier of our adversaries is diferent. We are not a lawyer, but we have never heard of a powerful nation going to Vattol or Blackstone to ask what to do with their prisoners; they have goneraliy acted according to their interests and fears * * * Does Hitt for- get, when he {s asking as to play “tho mule,” that ho is faiking to a nation of gentlemen, who disdata, after sar- rendering up everything to thelr conquerors, depending nantinity, to beg even for life or property? ou their mi We are giad Mtr. Hill i@ getting ready to fight. He did, not fight for our Southern constitution. But when he gets ready to die for the Yankee constitution that we teft@ho will find that the South cannot be whistied to the battle feta by any one that did not bear her own be- loved banner to her sacred fields of freedem. Bad Advice. {From the Lebanon (Tenn.) Herald } There is left, in our opinion, bat one course to purtne—diseuarze every negro hand in your yard who bas voted the radical ticket, and fill his place with a white maa; Withdraw your patronage immediately from every man, woman or child, black or white, who avows himself a cad.oal F t Nashvitlo Gazette} Let us determine fully and unequivocally, come weal or woe, that we will not bay a ceut's worth of goods from » radical mercuant, hare our boots manutactured by a radicai shoemaker, employ @ radical mechanic, ride 1a @ radicai colored hacs, shave ta a radical barber shop, send our children toa radical teacher, attend s radical chareh, ploy a radical servant, or in fact have any- ening wer to do or to any one who 19 a radical, or who refuses us equal rights with himeelf In the State oF gen ment. The money in this co is cm the of conservative men, aud by all means’ jet them keep 1t among theraseives, OBITUARY. SPECIAL TELEGRAM TO THE HERALD. Death of Ui States Consul Go Scotland. Lerta, Scotland, July 22. 1967. Mr. Dante! Gould, United States Consui ot bd piace, died to-day. at Leith, Madame Musuras. Our London correspondent recently announced the sudden death from » diseased beart. of Madame Musurus wife of the Turkish em>assador to the Court of St James, The deceased Indy was the daugh:or of Prince of one of the distingu'shed fam: of Conftanti+ nople. Madame Musurus jeavee two sone and four daughters, Sir Charles Monck. Tho London papers snaocunce the recent death of this baronet, at bis seat fp Northumberland Sir Charles was a liberal in politics, and twice represented the coua- ty of Northumberland-in Parliament. As a iover of the turf he was well Knows throu, it Engiand, and during hie time rane umber of ed horses, The de- ceased had attained a ripe age at the time of his death, veimg im bis eighty-eighth year. Mrs. Polty Haynes, « Centenarian. The Hickman, Kentucky, Courier ensounces the re- cont death of this iady ai the prea: age of 105 years, For » jong time she Bad been sed of (ho \dea tbat she was destined to live for 125 years. and greatiy Te er before ene bad Mrs. Mira Abdy. The English papers announce the recent death of this wel! known English posters, She was born in London tm 1806, and was the netee of Horace and James Smith, the authors of “Rejected Addrosse: At an early age the deveioped the gontusfor poetry, which distinguished het in after yoars, many of ber verses having been written befere she entered her toons. About the year 1828 ehe married the Rev. Joba Channing Addy, rector” of St. oha’s, Borsleydown, and became much liked by the people e parish for ber attentions aed Kigdnoss wo tie poor. Heclnree a pearance peek ee fa 1823 io the “New Monthiy jer the initials of r azine,’ “MA” Subsequeatiy Mime became connected with the ‘Metropouten.”” ia wnten ton wrote under own name Her poems were collected into five volumes and publistad, for private citculation only, some yoars “50 Wh.ie ber verses mever merited jess @nc0- iumas, they were very ploasing t and being easy, flowering and wel Ma popular with the reading bhi ‘ne ‘widow maay years ina nv ihove education abe verevapli? #0: the A lecture was delivered yesterday afternoon at the Farmer Institute, Ludlow street, by Mr. Robert Crowe, on “Co-operation versus Competition.” After a few in- troductory remarks, be spoke as follows:—The fan- damental axiom of Political Economists in every age and country, (with afew modern exceptions), bas been that “man can provide better for bimsolf, and more ad- Vantageously for the public, when left to his own in- dividual exertions opposed to and in competition with his fellows, than when aided by any social arrangements, which should tend to unite bis interests individually and generally to society.’” In fact the principle of individual interest, though anti-social, impolitic and irrational in its resulta, is proclaimed by tho most distinguished Political economists, to be the very corner-stone of our social system, without which society could not exist, This system has in the past provailed with no apparent opposition, Empires have crept from the womb of bar- barism to an exalted condition of civilization—but only on the half-obliterated page of history can be traced «the = faintest © evitonce of their former existence, and other uations, now fl ourish- ing on the ruing of those former ones, present such an array of national strength as to incline us to believe that time will be powerless to affect them., Prominent among the nations of our time stands England, ana though I shall bave occasion to advert to other countries, yet to her {turn with greater confidence, because affording more ample scope for investigation. In no other coun- try have the consequences of the competitive system been so fearfully developed. The natural conseqnence of this system is to centralize power, wealth aud fame, and as an illustration of this jet the condition of the canaille of France, the great unwashed and swinish multitude of England and the mudsills of our Northern States bear witness. Nor does the evilend here, The individual system is a mixture of extremos as to power, wealth and poverty, and tho:e concomitaats are Insepa- Tably linked to despotism on the one band and slavery on the other. Privilege and caste divided the world into classes; those classes are kept apart from each other by the individual principle, and this sub-division of society by caste permeates the whole, from the high- est to the lowest. ‘bus it is that man, the world over, his fellow man not as 2 coequal, but a rival, whom it is the business of his life to outstrip or supplant. Excessive competition 18 the —lexiti-« mate fruit of the individual system. We incul- cate it upon the child at birth; in their as in their education, they must get above their neighbor. In the infancy of society the iudividual sys- tom was best adapted to the capacity of man, becanse it afforded a necessary stimulus to bis infantine condi tion; but knowledge, formerly the exclusive property of the fow, by its very diffusiveness demands a change; the rapid development of machinery lessening the labor of men, but forcing them to acquire additional knov ledgo, imperatively demands it. Now, while I am willing to admit the individual or competitive system to bo the most natural in the origin of human society, [ aiso see that many evils of which we justly complain owe their origin to this source. In the first place it has established x universal selitshness observable in all the relationg of Ife, and from this selfishness has sprung the legisintion in al! nations of the world favor- ing production, without a corresponding regard to the distribution of ‘labor's results. Thus we have created a civil warfare hetween individuals engaged in the same profession or business, Their interests are made to appear antagonistic—aud so envy, jealousy, unger, fraud, ailof which may be summed up in the moderna word “smart,” are generated. Another evil resulting from the present system is the temptation, nay, the necessity to creato artificial wants, to minister to the inordinate demands of that seliishness, which is the motive power of ine whole system, and az a consequence increased the intensity of thoga passions and vices wich seein to defy the regulating power of law. Thiz reasoning may appear strange, but it’ would be stranger still 10 produce a reason why so many should be exposed to poverty and want. That such is the case is cvident, and a cause for its existence may bo found in the fact that there now exists an unnatural limit to the produ tion of wealth, Presnming thac the exhanstion of our Productive powers and tho satisfaction of our wants are the only natural limits, what then is the third? Simply this—‘competition,” or the legiti- mate product of the individual ‘system. To Mius- trate this, let me say that the quantity of wealth which a working man receives is always tho least that can be purchased for, according to the political economists of the old scooo}, and the reason way he does not obtain twice ihe quantity is becanso if he as un individual demanded more, unother individual would offer to do the same for less; in other words, he Onds io the necessities of his fellow workman a competitor, ‘When tuis principle is clearly understood, men wil! see that the exhaustion of our productive powers and the satisfaction of our wants are the oniy natural limite the production of wealth; that so long as capita! shall be employed in competition with capital instead of in conjunction with it, shail never satisfy our wan's or exhaust our productive power. About the year 1827 it was estimated that in Great Britain alone the application of scientific power to production equalled added ual labor of four hundred miliion adults; that is to yy, the working population of Great Britain being at that time five millions, it would require a population of four hundred millions of ‘workmen to produce the ‘mount produced by labor saving machinery. Ninoteen-twentieths of this labor saving power was introduced within the ast century. But while the power of production has thos increased, has the remuneration given to the laborer increased in « similar proportion ? Let the universal poverty in Great Tritam to-day answer—a land pronounced by competent authorities to be the richest as weil us the poorest na- tion on the earth—iet the enormous rute of taxation vpoa Ler people boar witnera Bat this taxation, severe ‘hough it 1s, cannot be considered as the prime cause, inasmuch as, recording to the English Registrar General Niles, who stateg that in 1826 the tax was $103 per bead, or one-fortieth of Britain's wealth. The true solution musi be sought for ia the 2 system of commerce or exchange. it may bo said that an untimited inter- change of products cannot posmbly deprive the work- man of the prodace of bis labor; but I answor that com- merce 13 pot unfrequently compelled to sell their wealth at or under prime cost of the raw material, tans forfeit- tng the whole of the profit resulting trom the labor per- formed; and thia result is wore certain to. follow among the weaithy than the poorer nations. Now let me ask to what condition will this constantly increas- ing application of scientific power under the present system lead ust I answer, to national barkrnptcy and rain—to universal pauperism and siarration. Of what interest 1s it to the tolling slave that these | animate competitors multiply—uuconsumiog aad pei petaaily industrious working slaves? labor ts brought into the marke: to se!! arainst U of man, Bringing this part of my subject to a close, let mo give you @ Low evidences of tue result of tt system io & general sense. First, as to the tion of wealth, we find that in 1796. the soil ‘was owned by 250, ip 1822 (or thirty-six the number fel: to 30,000, aud in order to tilustrate ine way in which this centralizing system bas veea con- ducted take the following:—The Marquis of Breadaibane rides one hundred miles in a straight !ne across his owa grounds; the Duke of Sutheriaud owus the country from sea tp sea, and the Duke of Devonshire, besides other cctahes, ‘owns 96,000 acres in Derby. Un these very estates the average wages of the lavorer is nine sbiilings, or $210 por week, aud from acarefully prepared Mind that the ceige wages of the agricultural England and Ireland was thirty-seven cents maself, and only half employment at that. jothing. ‘Their their toil, the thougbtful among the children of labor in- volugtary exclaim *‘!s tbere uo escape; is the balk bemanity doomed toeternal, unremitting toll, is there the dark desert of ‘despair—no bright star of ‘the toiling millions to some coveted ba- Jong looked for boon fs within our grasp."’ then enlarged upon the history and He stated that at the present time in Led &@ thovsand co-operative imatitu- @ membereh'p of two hundred thousand, and an invested capital of eight millions, This was the eo twenty-three years. In 1943, the Hie: 493 xt 3 i ne bepdred and fifty thousand members of co- ; there was ap annual business BROOKLYN INTELLIGENCE. Axorasr Bcroiany.—Oficer Reeves, of the Forty- first precinct, yesterday morning discovered that the residence of Mr Babcook, No, 60 Montague street, bad ‘been busclariously entered and robbed; bat the amount ot property taken could not be ascertained, ag Mr. Bab- 18 absent iu the country with bis family. The aametmes an entrance through ihe frout basement Rewaway Accrpeyt.—A team of horses attached too baker's wagon (ook fright at the corner of Gold and Front streets, on Saturday, and ran away. In turning the corner of John and Gold streets, the vebi overturned and one of the horses thrown violentiy on the sidewalk, injuring him in such & manger as to make Bim w ss bi ter, An Usecccesarcn Arrempt to Rescue 4 Parsover,— Oficer Tayior, of the Forty-third preciact, on Saturday bt undertook to arrest Thomas Regan, a laborer, for intoxication and disorderly conduct. Regan bad oo notion of accompanying the guardian of peace to the Jockup, and theref: ade & stout resistance. Fineliy be was aided in hie Torts to get away by a young man wamed John Moran. Officer Taylor received reimforee- ments, however, and Doth men were secured and locked to anew Accusey of Graxo Lanctyy.—Henry Furgerton, & mason, was arrested by ofcer DeCiuo, of the Forty- fourth precinct, at one o'ciock on Sunday morning, on a charge of stealing « conta from Sabstasiesoy ot Rary'ncan. Ths, eccuoed ens ooked up to await tr Tos Late Revesce Smizcee ty tae Sixteets Waao.— The facts in relation to th recent eezure of Mr. Gus- tave Bubenne’e residence, Smith etreet, B D., were published in the Hexato at the time, It will be romem- ered that dotective Perry took possession of Mr. Bu- henne's residence while that raat ar a the country wi 5 claiming t! e ae thority ‘exe ‘elon a tne eearch n ie proceeding inet See ae tiated ade eeatained Docks WBN woul implicate bis father-ln and employer, Mi Schneider, brewer, in an extensive fraud on the hy Ey for SOV return from the country; but finally he left suaston, first, however, sealing alleged evidence of traud was sai: the presence a and a zeus, who had been specially invited to witness the pro- coeding, and the contents of the safe were After a carcful-examination it was demonstrated tbat the male ay Sapiained family geavenir seein ae jewolry, &c. and e Bu) ce e frauds vas notto be js dénoucment the were sumptuously entertained by Mr. Bubeane, oT cone jokes were perpetrated atthe ox~ pense of the smart detective. SEWARD’S DIPLOMACY. Another Snnbbt from the Argentive Gove ernment—Miniat Asboth will Not be Ree fused—Mininter Elizalde Bri Him toa Short Stop. It appears that the rejection of the offers of mediation on the purt of the United States did not satisfy Minister Asboth, and he determined to press them again on the Argentine government, This time he has been more unfortunate, however, as the following correspondence ‘shows :— ‘ GENERAL ASNOTH TO WINISITRR ELIZALD”. Lucation og tae Unite Sram! ES, 1867 to. Wie: exe Ares, April 10, } Burnon Senor Dr. Don Minister of Foreign Affairs:— 4 Six—I had the honor to receive on the 9d. inst, your Excellency’s note of the of last month in answer ta my note of the 6th of Febrnary, ia which T taid the Argeniine government the resolution of the Housé Representatives of the United States of america, desi the President to offer the good offices of the govern for the promotion of peace and harmony in South Amer. ica, and also the proposittons which, 10 that resolution, the President of the United States subé mitted to the consideration of the several parties ia the war which the Argentine Republic, in alhance with the empire of Brazil and the Oriental repablic of Uraguay, are waging against Paraguay—propositions calculated to bring to & termination the disastrous war and secure an honorable and permanent peace in South America, upon a solid foundation, through diplomatic negotiations, under the friendly mediation of the United States. Your Excelieney refers in your note of the 30th ult. to the ‘amity apd sympatby professed by the people and covernment of the Arzentine republic towards be people and government of the United States of America, and to the respe d admiration inspired by their in: stitutions,” with a kindred ay 9 of the sincsre brotheriy desire of the United States to see the! by tms unhappy war in which the Ar-, ic is engaged pnt end to, and good faith and harmony re-established among the peoples of Sonth America,” The solemn manner in which your Excellency hae been pleased to give such honorable and highly salisfac~ tory assurances cannot fail to find the liveliest ecbo im, the United States and help to confirm tne heartfelt sym pathy of its people and goveroment. Not less flattering will it be to my government to learn from your Excel- jency’s pote “that the allied mations would much prefer to obtain through diplomatic —_uegotia, tions what they sock arms, ond that it wonld ho very gratifying to them that th should be effected throngh the friendly mediation of thal United States government,” This frank assurance off your Exeellancy cannot be taken otherwise than as the acceptance of the United States mediation, lending te an armiatice, the welcome precorsor of lasting peace, equally Donorable and beneficial to all the beliigerents and my government, therefore, will hardly be prepar for the conclusion ‘of your Excellency’s note stating, that after what your Excellency had expiainca rela~ tive to the motives. that bave given rise the Paraguayan war, and having in view tbe situation which the belligerents find themselves actually, the Argentine government is convinced that the govern- ment of the United States will understand that the pro- pater which it has presented in go friendly and brotherly a manner negative the noble purposes it hag had in view. The history of the events that occasioned the present war—a history which your Excellency has so ably condensed im your note—give fal weight to the cireamstances that necessitated the i ; but your Exeellency wil! par- don my confessing that those weighty circumstances fail to enable me to se that the propositions, submitted tho President of the United States to the several be! gorenta, negative the noble purposes he has bad in view, namely, the pacification and consequent of the “La Piata’’ and “Parana” repabiics. Toose proposition muy indeed be susceptible of modifications that may render them imore suitable to the peculiar circumstances and present slate of affairs here; but the Argon! government, guided as it is by a just andconcili spirit, and by iis sincere desire for an honorable lasting peace, might without reserve have pointed out ‘ander what modifications those propositions could be rendered more acceptable to it as the basis for diplomatio negotiations with a view to tho termination of the war."? And I may ead conviction that the United States government, actuated only by the single desire to see ail south American nations harmoni ‘and happy, would certainly persevere is good offices, provided that such modifications to ite original proposition: —o not,” as | cannot for a mo~ ment suppose would, “negative justice"? Tt ig true that tho situation in whieh ‘nealing ‘thems * seives actually is of @ very peculiar and comphcated nature, and that of the Argentine government is particu- Jarly embarrassing, bound as tt is to its allies by honor and by treatics. But [ would respectfally submit to your Excelieucy whether the honer of the Argentine nation has not been already tuliy vindicated as well by the immense sacritices entailed upon her by this un~ happy war as by the gallant heroism of her brave sous, who, headed by their pairictic President as Com- mander-in-Chief of the atliod armies, have under- gone with good will avd without murmur all the terribte tiardships, dangers and privations of » two years’ campaign, under the burmng son and amidst the pestiential marshos of Paraguay, Many bioody fights, more especially the ever memorable assault on Carupaity, have stamped indelibly the darmgz and bravery of the Argentine soidier, 1 venture, however, to remark that lofty and mndaunted as have been and are tue devotion and courage of your citizen soldiers, and great as was the enthusiasm of tho Argentine people at large, at the commencement of the war against Paraguay, the general teeling now, #6 indicated also by the public press, is one of weariness at the long protracted savgainary ‘strife against a sister republic, with an earnest aod uuimistakadle longing for peace, The lose of so muny thousand brave Argentines, which hag plunged into grief and desolation their once happy homes; the waste of so many willions of treasury, ac- companied by a heavy and daily mereasing public debt; tho paratyzition of trade, the ruin of agriculture, the drain of the country’s resources, the open re Deliion and auarchy im four provinces, with serious disaffection in others, the consequent teuporary transier by the President of the republic of the com nmaud tn cuief of the alied armies to a Brazilian general, With a sitmuitancous withdrawal of the larger portion of the Argeutive forces (rom the seat of war; and further the frequent Indian invasions, attended murder, — rapin Cesoiation among and new settiers, thus checking the marc of civilization to which the enlightened policy of the na tioual government bas 80 wisely and paved s¢ Liberally the way into the boundless tracts of the these none, gat a kates ment would be some guarantee for bility of that paace. I avail myself of this opportunity to renew to your Excellency the assurance of distinguished consideratim with which | have the houor tobe your Exceilencys obedient servant, A. ASBOte, CORT RRPLY OF MINISTER RUZALDE, Deranteest of Fortion arrarna, Boesos AvRes, April 23, 1867. To his Excellency Geveral At rxanver Astoru, Rosidets Minister of Bang cnn a: centr bi 1 bave tl jor to reply to the note date 10th tnstant, aud received on the 12th, whier your Excellency thought fit to send mo, relative to thy ven by this government to the offer of frienak — United States of America inthe wa of war by the Argentino govern cia the meme veromen in the momo fandum addressed to our ministers abroad, in con! of @ note by the Paraguayan government to bk Mr. Washbura (touching the sume mediation offered to that government), and which was commuo- cated to your Excelleacy before receipt of Bole to wi reply, and which yout Satmcy received after its transmission, the United States goverament will find the explanations which re! yo therein demanded. irgentine government mus abstain from —— tno an your Breeliency's iowa wine! have nothing to do with the offer of friendly mediation by the United Siates government, although It recoxnizta the noble sentiment which inspired such observations I must further cail your Excellency's attention to the conduct of his Excellency Mr. Warhhurn with reference t the offer of mediation, which, / diubt not, will eall for inquiry by the United States government, seeing, MOreov' that such comduct raised up obstacles to such friend mediation, if even the opportunity had arrived for ao same. an tae ‘hte opcaston to repeat tho aseur. avces ig heat eae eee TOFINO DB ELIZALDE,