The New York Herald Newspaper, August 5, 1867, Page 6

‘THE SOUTH. | Reports of the Special Correspond- ents of the Herald. POLITICS IN ALABAMA. ALARMING APATHY OF THE WHITES. Partial Failure of the Cotton Crep in Mississippi. ALABAMA. SPECIAL CORRESPONDENCE OF THE HERALD. Pelities in the State—The Number of Males— An Incorreet Census—Probable sult of the, Elections—Alarming athy of ther Whites—Organization of the Radicals Nambers of White Us Loyal League—Educating the Blacks. Moyrcomery, Ala., July 28, 1867, ‘The State census of 1860 showed a decrease im popula. on since 1860 of 3,632 whites and 15,325 blacks--total, 28,957. It 19 the opinion of mavy, and It is very appar- ent, that the last s onsus Was not complete, and that many blacks in some counties were not enumerated in ‘the consus returns. At the time the census was taken the blacks were constantly migrating from oue county fe gopiber, and some who had yo regular employment purposely eluded or deceived the census takers, believ- tng that vy so doing they would be relieved from the payment of taxes. Asan oxample tn pont, showing the Snaccuracy of the State census, it may be stated that io this eity the municipal authorities wero satisiled that she enumeration of inhabitants was not full aud com- plete, and bad the consus retaken, by which it was found that upwards of 2.500 persous bad wot been em- braced in the Stato consus returns. ‘Phe number of persons (white) who took the amnesty @ath in 1965 was, according to returns made to the Secretary of state, about 56,700, which, tt is conceded, was, say within ten thousand of the full voting strength of the State at that time; and the number of voles cast for Governor at the ast vlection (August, 1865) was, in Found numbers, 45,000, In the Presidential vlection of 1860 there wero ninety thousand votes pulled, Great mambers of whites have, for various reasons, re- Tused to register. Supposing that tho last State census, as lo whites, is in m great measure correct, it will be geen that (here are not now as many white maies twenty-one years of age as there were in 1860. .Then, From ni thousand, tho sumber of voters in 1860, Abere must be a deduction made for the number of voters deceased during the war, a consjderable number @isfranchived and those who refuse to register—at Jeast forty Whousand—which would Je ave as the probable namper of whites who wil! qualify as voters Gfty vhousasd. The censns of 1566 sbows the number of Black wales bouween the ages of twenty and one hun. dred to be 91,265, but many believe there are more than Ahat number. ihe Llacks are registering very generaliy, and even ininors, {i 18 stated, Ip many iusiances are per- anitied to register as voters. “Itis fair to assume, theo, ‘that there witi be at leset eighty-five thousand colured voters. From this calculation I make the following SUMMARY, Probable number of white voters, Yivbable number of colored voters. Esiimated number of voters in the State. Yrobabie invjority of colored voters...... Judge W. H for th persons will bo registered It will be safe to aasert ‘that the estimate above made of the number of whites and blacks that will register in this State is at least ‘within ive thousand of the number tha. will be returocd as qualified voters. The State Convention will be composed of one bun- dred dolegutes, that bemg the number of members in * the most numerous branch of the State Legislature '’ Yn at least twenty-two couuties, it 1s estimated from tho partial or complete returns received, thera will bu @ majonty of col . These counties will be en- ited to about fifty-two or fifty-tour dolezates in the Convention. The rewaining forty counties, im which will have the majority, will be entitled to eight members, If We admit that the whiles will all vote one way aod control a part of the colored vote throughout the State, it will be seen that could probably control the political complexion of Bat it must 000 ‘Smito, Superimtendent of Registration ‘tate, estimates that not more than about 135,000 ention and determine its policy. be borne in mind tuat there is in many counties a strong radical party, of which the Loyal Leagne is a mos potent auxiliary, 1f not the controlling element of the party itself, The radicals and the Leacue have beou hard at work for many months perfecting therr organization, and confidently expect to carry the Sate, The republicin party is composed o men of every shade of political opinion, Ik je not to bo gainsayed that it bas some Dad men iu it; but the majority seem to be good mon, eincerely avxious ior @ fal settlement of our political troubles, and joined the party becanse they believed it ‘was 0 safe and sure means of reconstruction apd restora. tion; and then there are those who su: a all extreia and intermediate opinions, aud men of almost any”auto- eodeats seem to fall in and je fact that the majority of the Diacks will yo.e the republican ticket—that is, tho way they are drillod and instructed to vow by the League and other agencies, such a8 promises, persuasion, be teacuings Lilberto in & great measure uskoowD d diflicalt to successtully cormoat. Micial returns received at the Bureau of Registration show appalling apatby and indifference on the part of the wiutes in reiereace to reconstruction aud Partial returns {rom forty-nine count only 28,000 whites (round nutubers) bave Fegistered, to 49,000 biacks, making a total of about 77, 000. Eince tho passage of the last Supplemental Military Dill it is poss.bie the conservatives may gain strength in some counties im Middie and South Alsbama but the conservatives have delayed organization too long. A fact to be considered is, that im many counties where the anti-reconstruction feeling is etrougest the number of colored voters largely exceed tho whites, and tho cks for the most part already prepared through League and other influences to vote (he repudlican ticket en mass, and unless the conservatives can divide ‘apd Control & large part of the colored vote their chances of success are extremely doubvtfut it is reported that in some of the hill or North Ala- Dama counties, In which the whites exceed the biacks, t large numbers of whites are quittiag the League. si in part but it is by uo means certaiy tat the di may not finally vow the repudlican Jn remote counties, where the people are wach scat- tered, the iaciuence of the League will not be feit aa \t 18 Sp the large towns and cities. Bot it safe to predict that reconstruction is certain in Alabama, aud that the republican party will carry the day {o tho approaching plectons. As an exam) rd to regia! Brace tpetwes of the indifference of the whites Lda number Of persons returned as registered vovers 1a waid counties, ander the military bills: — | Males between the, Number oi ages of 20 and 100\regutered in ie feenrut of i808), |yecrr 2807. early co d Montgor po: hear from. Not more ban o ‘Will register in Mob!.e, and out (tt ernie county, Active eforts are being taken look, the freemen, Upwards of one thousand $ng echoul in this city and county, exciui umber who are taught on plantat:ons. cored Baptist church of this city, ® su! strocture, geventy-five by forty-five, ts very ceariy completed “ibis bullting will also be used as @ choo! house, A Berge colored academy will also goon be Dulh Tt is formerly siavo- @raifying to Know that many whites, towards the pro- where, are contributing of the cs general thing the pupil are ad ed rapidly aad exb. pritwary branch Montoomrry, Ala, July 30, 1967. ‘The business circles of the city are wnorually dull and quiet, nothing buts retail trade going on; money very tight and hard, and many deaiors being uoadie to meet engagements are being ‘closed out’ by the offvers. ‘Nuubers are taking advantage of the Bankrupt ia ‘that only affords immediate relief, From aif parte of the State come most cheering ao counts of eropa The canebrake region, known asthe ‘Dest farming section of the State, has splendid crops corn, and planters are freely offering that articie at fifty conts, to be delivered im aixty days, The morthera part of the State, where eo much destitation bas calied Joualy yon iby donevoience of the Norsk for retil, Teports an abundant wheat crop. That article felling at $1 50 per bushel, The cotton crop all over thi State is very promising, and, while pot beyond all con- Lingeucy, a very large yield is expected. Coton bolls are opened ip advanced fiekis, and wo hear of some planters who will in @ few weeks have enough to pick, Tbe freedmen are working finely, the seasons are splendid, and the whole country i@ hopeful of # great and unprecedented yield. Some secuions are sullermg & litte frow the army werm and rust, bat generally everything 38 favoranle now for a good crop iu tbis State. Although some farmers wero Cowpelied to Jot their lands he for the want of labor, y in more than ever before, and, upon the « ought as many bales will be produced this asim any previous year. Large calemlations are made upon the crop for ‘ail business, and unless these expec- tauous are realized the country willbe in a worse con- dition than ever—ulteriy ruil General Clorton, a @X-rebel general, is out in a card, as Chairman of the conservative Executive Committee, callug 4 conservative convention, without distinction of coior, bere for tho first Wednesday of September. In private be announces it as his 8@ LO COn- vince freedmen that the ex-rebels and slaveholders wv sull the Begro’s best frienda, and thay to fight the radicals with their Own Weavons—the negro population. A county moeting is ¢alled here for the 10th of August to nominate delegates to the State moeting of Septem- ber, Irs proposed to divide equaliy the delegates bo- tween white and black. It remains to be secn Low strong this party is among the colored voters, vothing hike this having ever before been inaugurated. Of their proceedings I wil! acquaint you. Friday last a tittle white boy killed a colored one near tho railroad by shooting. They were travelling together, and it is claimed wag tho result of accident, Tho woite bay was committed to jail, A colored man, named Paul Taylor, convieted m the City Court for the murder of Die wife and sentenced to be hauged Friday, had his ex- ecution postponed by Governor Patton until the 23d of Aogust, in order to give tims for his friends to abow cause of pardon, The Siate taw now requires tho exe- cution of crimmals in (ue jail yard, and only before officers, ‘Tho new African Baptist church is nearly comploted, It is built by the united oiforts of white and colored citl- zens, and is a hondsome structure, A fund fs being raised in tho city for the bulkting of a colored schoolhouse, which will ba-pnt up this falt for free sehoole. Groat effort is beng made by prominent civzons of this e, at whose head 3 Governor Patton, to atiract emi- gration and capital to Alabama, The Governor is out in a long letter setting forth, the presumed advantages of the soil and resourees here over Western States, Planters are ge ly desirous of encouraging emigration, Registration ia being rapxlly completed im the St So far tho blacks far outnumber the whites who register, though some of the targest white counties are to hear froin. It 8 probable the colored voters will outnumber the whito about twenty thousand. In this county they double tho whites, as in many others. Much apathy is mauifeated on tne part of the whites, MISSISSIPPI. SPECIAL CORRESPONDENCE OF THE HERALD. Cotton Growing Under the New Regime—A Very Small Crop Anticipated—Some Other Labor Work—Politic to Abandon Onorous. Wastrncton County, Miss., Jaly 22, 1867. Tnoticed a few days since in one of your leading jour- nals a word of encouragement to the Southern peopic to continue tho growth of cotton, This we would al! willingly do if we could be supplied with the requisite labor, but we are finally persuaded that the frecdmen are utterly uselosa for prospective operations, aud that unless their places are soon supplied with como other reliable laborers, our broad fields will become wasted, Instead of the encouragement which we hada nght to expect while wo were experimenting with the ‘tec negro, our energies have beon taxed to pay the burthens imposed upon cotton, and the result of bast year’s ope- Tations was, that those who succeeded best only mado money enough to pay the Internal Revenue tax orf coi- ton. With but one or two exceptions in this county, every planter lost Iargely. This year’s operations were begun under more favorable auspices, planters attribut- ing their want of success to the fact that their lands had been untilled for yeara. So we all imagined and continued hopeful until the utter failure of the labor at the eritical time domonstrated to the contrary. And now after a second year’s trial, we find ourselves about to experience another lose. Tam quite extensively ac- quainted throughout the cottop growing region and I am satisfied that there will not be im cultivation nex: year in coiton ono-half the land now planted, Thave had tho most favorable opportunity of testing free labor. | bad twenty-three old bands last year, who, before the war, regalarly made from two handred to two hundred and fifty bales of cotton, and they culti- vated about one hundred and fifty acres of cotton well ; Dut failed altogether to gather it, I was forced to em: ploy other labor to pick my cotton, and forty hands in threo months picked what ten would have gathered before tho war. My case ta one of ten thousand. We have, therefore, come to the deliberate conclusion to give up pianting unless we can obtain other labor. We prefer cooites, and if any eapitalisis in your great city would import them, or induce them to emi- grate and settle among us as laborers, we would make the experiment again with them, If this is not done, cotton growing on any extensive scale must cease, and the spindles o: New England will be compelled to draw their supplies of the raw material from the markets of the Injudicious taxation, added to the worthtess- ness of our labor system, will bankrupt the entire South anew, Our lands now are valueless, Where lands renved for ten doliars ast year, the owners will be giad to get four collars rent, and they are daily sold at taboo low figures under the hammer, I fear the government will never become aroused to the exigeucy until the Eastern, Middlo and Western States are called upon’ to supply us gratuitensly, at gov. ernment expense, with the absotnte means of subsistence. Tho direct tax, the Excise tax, the income tax and the jand tax, ail running against tne only prodact upon which We can rely for money, Will break us up. Think of taxing our product four tines, and the proposition is somewhat starting. Nothing but an extraordinary riso in cotton Will save us. The studied reports about tbe growing crop are all -wrong. Last year wo had on hand at Teast 400,000 bal of the old crop, probably forward did not reacn 2,000,000 bales, This year there cannot be much more tuan 1,500,000. The immense ex- tent of country sabmerged, tho lateness of the spring, the rany weather m Juno and Ju and the caterpiliar will reduce the crop at least one And if to this be added the inefficiency of the labor, the estimate I place npon the crop isa very safe one, Wo wilt nover taake 3,000,000 bales upul coolies aro brought to the country in large numbers. We are all looking to the capitalists of New York for help, and to the enlightened judgment and enterprise of the Henaxp to give point and practical wisdom to the Jegisiation of Congress on cotton and labor. The negro now won't do. His head is woo! gathering about poli- ues and political meetings; he only thinks of party organizations, and, resting in the midst of rapidly growing [aly 7 handle of bis ho», We pictures our some bappy of Canaan where labor is uuknown and he will be fed at some one else's expense. Calture—The Taxes Of course 1 i ly. There are some ex and no credit. T these as Rg about one-tenth of the !aborers actually in employment. The oung men and women are ele tole ‘The midd, . coma and old men cannot easily shake off tho habits of labor formed under the old regime. We are all willing to let Congress man:pulate the negro and put him high places, so we are not competed to foot vie Give usa reliable tabor and the tibertr to cr: fields, without let or hindrance, and we now to have anything to do with reconstruction. We are satisfied the tim ‘near at hand when our d:squalia- cations will be and when the same govern- ment which gow puts the ban of treason cpon as will call us from our retirement to save the country en thie te done, and the recaicitrating effect of Congres. sionai legislation @ felt, the extranchised negro will take © Dack seat, or, at best, serve on.7 to give us aug- mented representation. AN ADVOCATE FOR COOLIE LABOR IN THE UNITED STATES. TO THE EDITOR OF THE HERALD. Some remarks were tately mado in the newspapers about hiring Chinamen who had served ous the!r term Now Orleans, where { took care to notice that the freedmen wore sought after, and higher wages paid for ther tabor on plantations thaa to any other laborers, and they are now beginning to work steadily and wel! ot ny.piantations in Arkansas, Missies'pp' and Louisiana. They aro paid from $16 to $30 per month and farnished with abundant ragions, @ house to !'ve tn, the priviiege of ra'sing pigs and poultry, and land for (hetr wives end ebilarea 06 which to ratse as many vegetaties as they aod on many plantations wed horses to ride jon remain at home. Ip this way re amount of iabor lost that was very proft. whe negroge were siavos, and it fe ibis ga Oiting with [echt hands to pick cotton fi Nght work that i@ now required, ana for which I think the Chinamen’ ful, provided the not interfere, 4 Miss.e@pp! rivers, and Went of shore at many of (he large p.antations—cotton, ugar and rice—and focod ihat there wag, and ie ati! a groat lack of laborers There wers hundrods of miles of territory !numdated, and growing up in trees and bushes, that were once magnidcen: plantations Ie prottable to the North that this state of things should exist! Certainty pot: settheris 1 ps I South, ‘e must fee! the jossof the cortoa crop whole country, as wel! in the State of Louisiana, Texas or Mississippi. Thave bad nothing to do wita tne i Bot in the United States, but have iT oath was prow me, and T love the Uaion, and hope Thave noticed the Chinamen rocking on ( Plantations io r ang south where t! LS, Patient and u fous, and I advise the United States ernment to throw no to the way of their laborers to Mil! the piacos of thes tgime She Tid employed by the governmens ae RECONSTRUCTION And yet Another Letter from Governor Perry. Another letter from Governor Perry, of South Caro- lina, opposing the Congressional method of reconstrac- tion, is published. Reading it, we are tempted to cry out:——“How long, O Lord! bow -Jong!”” The main por- tion of the letter is an attempt to prove that the negro is of ap inferior rate, and therefore totally unfit for vot- ing or self-government, ignoring the fact that he already occupies the position mentioned. How easily Mr. Perry stultifies himself in bis argument respecting the capacity of the negro can be seen'in the one extract we make from bis letter: — In Liberia, where there is a nation of negroes, sent from the Usited States, aud where wey have formed a government, no white man is allowed to hold office or vote at any eiection for any office. This is wise and promy, and they bave thought it necessary to make this exclusion for their own peace and vy. Have not the whito men the same right to exchide the negro from tho right of sullrags, when they kmow that the negroes have a inajority ia the State and will seize the government oY the State f permitted to vote? OPINIONS OF THE PRESS, The Political Condition of the South. [From the Savannah Republican.) A Northern man, without personal observation, can- not rightly judge of the political condition of the South. In the Nort) the great repadtican party, be! ngythas " the South wilfully bolds out against alt terms of recon- ciation, are anxions that their own opinions and prin- ciples sould succeed, and urge Congress to extromity, if the South doos not reconstruct the States. It i3 trae that their ouly evidence of the condition of the Sowth leads theta to make sich conclusions, tor while the great mass of bonost, willing Southern gentle- inen are silent, such men ax Hilt and Toombs make in- cendwary 3 which are read at the North as true exponents o” the feeling of the South. The copperhead preas also loads to this opinion, for whenever a true Southerner broaches bis sentiments, theso ignorant cen- sors publish them a3 radicals for expressing peaceable opinions, and the North thioks the Southern loyalist an exception in politica, and considers bim virtually a Northern man come South; and the Souch fails to get the credit, At the same time men of respectability in the Sou'h, many of them from the Confederate army, hearing the dancombe of Hili and Toombs, and also believing that the North bates them, are reatrained from taking such action, and expressing such sentiments, as their hearts inspire, This state of affairs is groatly avgravated by the indecent actions of some radical politicians South, who, hopefut of office for the brief few years during which they may survive, use means to intimidate and crush honest men better than themselves, fhe charge that the white race and the black are at war 18 wholly untrue, Georgia is not Tennesses, whore the contest #8 carried om principally by white politicians. We have heard gentlemen of Savan, onfederate officers, say that the Savannah and that most of the arrests made are of fugitive rascals, and we have every evidence that the colored men of Georgia have great respect for the white gentle- men of the South. There will be no war of races here, jhowever much sensation politicians may raut about it, Unseemly Rejolcing. [From the Jackson (Miss. ) Cla ‘A paper in Georgia finds occasion for rejoicing in tho opinion which it has formed, that “middle Georgia will vote against holding a convention under the Sherman act”? “This is very cheering news,” quoth the unrs- constructed Knight of the quill, but it is “not yet very sanguine tuat the State will be saved trom the dishonor ‘and curse of a convention.” For this unseemly oxhibition of joy the New Orleans Picayune, @ sterling and able journal, administers to the Georgia paper a wholesome iesson, ‘saying ‘no ter how the whites of northern, middie, southern, or all Georgia vote, we do not believe they can prevent tho eventual holding of a convention. As the law now siands, they inay do so, provided a majority of the istered voters will it. Bat bow long, think you, will the poor privileges of the Sberman act be allowed tho coniumacious? Just long enough for the Radical Con- gress to bass an uct giving the control of tho Siate to those who vote for holding a convention. We should be punished with an enactment embo- dywg all the odious features of the lato President’s “one-tenth” or rotton borough scheme. We should be raled or most dangeroas, ignorant, reckiess, inflammable elements of socioty—enfranchised negroes, mercenary demagogues from the North, aud the baser ones of home growth. Conventions and legis po er ng would Fees pp Marner id te the peo) or any other Southorm State, the citizens of which made them possible through their apathy, or sentimental dallying with principles, feclings oF recollections that how pare and ennobling soever can bave no more weight in the issue than the dreams of e ciaps. A convention so hel@ would be a dishonor, because it would be eelf imposed, and only so, That it would bo a curse, and that of the most intolera- ble character, we can assure the Consiitutionatis!, from our experioncs in this State,” The Impolicy of Opposition. [From the Richmond Whig.] To show the futility and impolicy of Southern opposi- tion to the republican programme in regard to recon- straction it is only to pursue tho followin, train of thought :—That opposition should combine all of tho Southern whites, save those who adhered to the Union during the war. 1t should be an orcauized apposi- tion, and a. tb means of party muchinery. All ex-Con- federates should belong to it. Its aim should be to pre- vent the republicans from carrying out their pro- gramme. It should rest its claims to tho support of the Southern people upon the assumption that Southern senimeni, or ratuor the sentiment of the ex-Confederate whites, should prevail, and that the ideas and views of the conquering section should not be permitted to ba introduced! Another assumption would bo that none but ex-Coniederate whites should be elocted to office. Would pot this be a Confederate theory, and, if such a party prevailed, would it not in effect tevive and set in operation Confederate prin- ciples? This proposition will scarcely be denied. Docs not the North know this as weli as wo do, aud can we be so blind as to suppose that, after fighting for four ears, ata sacritics of nearly a haif million fives and ® jos of three thousand millions of dotiers, there is any, tho most remote, possibility that the North will, undor any circumstances, aliow us to resume and carry out any programme of ourown—any Southern programme— least of all ove squinting, however faintiy and furtive! autho Confederate system? If we suppose sucu a thing possible elves most grossly ond act under ed to work au inconceivable amount fortunes of those most dear to us, them to be, but as they really are. mischief to We are not speaking of things as we could wish Tuo policy we should © (0 seo would be one of such magnanimity as would opposition without the justitication of the merest Bat wo remember that we are the conquered pret party and have no right to dictate a policy. That isthe prerogative of the couquoror. What we have said shows the fatility of an organized opposition resting upon a Confederate basis—the only basis on which ‘t couid be erected. Would it not be worse than futii? Would it not be inthe highest degree destructive of all our best interests? Woe think it would. There caa be uv reason- able doubt on this point. “phe whole North would be convinced that wo are still “ip the gall of bitterness,"* that wo hate the Union, and that we are still determined to carry on the conter:, It ‘vould be in vain for us to explain our position by fine spun theories and nicely drawn @istinctions. They ‘would all bescouted and we with them. The answor of the repabticasized North would be, 'o2 are con- tumacions and disioyal; without arms, your logic ts that of men who only want arms to make that logic effec- tive We will not trust you, We craw your teeth and cut your claws to ent you trom being dan- in the future." Meaning of this would be ‘hisement and cunfiscation. These, {n our view, wil! be the inevitable results of opposition to the republican programme: hence our dread of that opposi! We can see small difference detween those extromists on the one side who advocate distramchisement and confiscation, and those on tho other ‘who are bent upon peresing ecoerse that wilh entail that punishment upov thet ves and their neghbdora, and will wake pariahs of al! the Southern whites. the time will never come when we will prove to the appeals of bonor—true honor. But the time cer. tainly bae uot come when se can suffer [aise pride to detray as into the error, may we aot say ‘be crime, of sacr'ictng for naught the prevent an¢ future inverests of the peopie of this renowned but sMicies Commonwea!th, A Survey of the Field. {From the News } under the Con; joual programme ‘bas been in py cince Merce last, and’ th e has Deen able tlie for even the slowest intellect to arrive st © conclusion in reference to the line of policy to be pursued ender its provisions Accortingly wo find that the leading men al) over the South tare on thetr po. sitions, sud tn most cases have made Known the same through the pablic prio Upon © survey of the field we find ‘\hat mach the greater number of 1 putiic men in the have the Con; Spt if fechoatruction, “aul have’ combemtiy. ant can contamtiy and car. urged its who they micht option on the part of thaw have reason to believe Would be ewayed by their optaions. And there isin thie pothing surpr: . on We reflect upon the nature ¢f the qual: inspire the B cid with conSdence, amd make th in conferr.ng ofices of honor aad emolutce: the men who possess, or are supposed to possess, quali We cannot wonder that these shou'd be the r to tead the way in the effort for the suc. coseful rehab:litation of the country, Om the roli of theese we find very fow of the hall ? mon, who M@iate with their fellows, who are jerstood ; contemporary interest. So also eae Bre opposition forced, unconsciously the ai wasn recoz,”* and th’ tation war pervec:. § Thie clase of the veaderd,” for ihe most part, hare not g.ron adhesion to the inevitable logic of faote, fear 0 the “constitution of our fathers,"* #1! the fact that the events of ihe part seres years offecred @ revolutionary change {1 V4 ge United Staves. They arg ad a ge eed ink they e: bat ‘becomes be attache? h reliance upon their judgment. They defore, an: 0 course has 0 Prospect, ea Salva ara ‘Bow to adapt th ‘to the cir. requirement of ibe gg FE ii cal iM | 5 $ gFse : H 3 understood to be in favor E. Brown, & bold, i1 M leader of the people. fatter mye’ @imost upon the very day of the pat ion of the act, and counseled its acceptance, showing that he had well considered the subjoct during the two years of its prelimmary agitation, He 1s one of the few public men of the South have a part in the history of the past, fully equal to the demands of the present; who sees that the issues for which we went to war are gone—have been swept entirely out of exist- ence; that the world has moved onward during those six or seven years, notwithstanding the blockade of the Southern cotton Governor Brown is abroast with the times, and one of those mep who comprehends that when the times change people should change with them. The other side fuds a very large re) tation in ery geo gid m South Carolina. Here we only have Mr. B F. Perry openly and decidedly pro- nonneed against reconstruction, and perhaps one or two newspapers of circulation and influence. In Georgia the greater part of the press, and some of the best papers in the State, are in the opposition” Of public m Governor Jenkins, ox-Senator B. H. Hill and ex-Gover nor Herschel V. Jobnson are known to be on that side. So also Alexander H. Stevens, who, however, has studi- ously avoided giving any public expression of bis ‘views, Mosers, Johnson and Hill bave written much, and their arguments have been extensively copied, not in Georgia only, but by papers favoring “passiviem”’ all over tho th, The result of their teaching is seen in the small number of whites who register. True, they all—Perry, Jenkins, Hill and John. 80u-—advise every one p sora to register; but, as we predicted, when we first saw their views published, their influence must be directiy the contrary. It is very natural for people to argue that if what they say is trae, registration can do no good; then wherefore undergo a useless mortification, Mischief of the Northern Democracy, {From the Charlottesville (Va) Chronicle, } Irresponsible persons are much more violent than thoso who have to act in any matter of differenc> he- tween themselves and others, We see this in the Northern democratic press; it 19 a3 bitter as gall; it is loaded with denunciations of Congress and the repubii- cans; iturges the non-acceptance by the South of the reconstruction bills But the South, which has to act, which has to feel the consequences of intemperate Ian: guage, which has to weigh the whole business calmly as A practical question affecting its very existence, is quiet and silent, Tho same fact is illustrated within our =tate ‘imits. Saddeoiy the valley has become our South Caro- ipa, The of the valley is mach more “unrecon- structed”? than that of the East, The Staunton papers, excepting the Virginian, call on the people to vote agaipst aconvention, Why is this? At the North the democracy can afford to tal and to denounce, and to set up a race of martyrs, The radical storm can only burst on their heads in the shape of an election, No military will rule in their households; no negroes will upturn their social stracture, In the valiey there are few ne- groes, and this explains why they are not as much dis- turbed as the people south of James river. This is why Air. Baldwin is notas (exible as Mr. Flournoy. Mr. Flour- noy has to deal practically with a great social cloud; Mr. Baldwin only looks at it like an astronomer through a ginss, It is the difference between playing the martyr and writing on martyrdom. It 18 the same thing in Ma- ryland and Kentucky, They are the only confederates left now. If Congress takes them in hand and rains them they will become as mellow as the Charleston Mer- cury. This is the reason why our ladies aud the clergy have been so violent. They do not havo to act (the clergy nre comparatively withdrawn from secular affairs. ) The ladies merely give vent to generous sontiments— often with no sense in them. They did much by their thoughtless ardor to bring on the war. They did much to prevent an adjustment during the war. So with the clergy. These ciasses deait with the abstract, and not with real confronting difficulties. The ladies took it for granted the thing would end like a novel—in some pleasant, heroic way. Dr. Dabney is writing on s°- cession Thore is no calculating the mischief the Northern democracy are doing The republican there naturaliy concludes that the New York Day Book, or the Natimal Intelligencer talks as the Southerm talks, The inference ia that we are rife for another fight, and sul! strugghng and kicking. It is a great mistake. What a “Fighting Rebel” Thinks. Awriter to the Columbus (Ga) Jnquirer, who styles himself a fighting rebvl, pitches into ex-United State Senator Hill, of Georgia, who seems to think, by his letters and speeches, that a Southern war against the North bas just commenced, as follows:— You keep throwing up to us secesh that “we are the most submissive of all.’’ We know wo aro, because we recognize the rightof the North to alter, to make and unwake, their own constitution equally with the South; and because we pride ourselves upon our honor and chivalry, and are not going to retain tho stakes after we have put them up to the sword and lost. So far from being ashamed of our submission, we pride ourselves upon it as the highest evidence we can transmit to pos- terity of our high sense of honor—that we submitted as noue but gentlemen can to an unconditional surrender, withholdivg notuing, not even a bar of gold left hid in the camp, and claiming nothing, not even tife—for if we are not slain. like Maximilian, it is not because our lives are not forfeited by an unconditional surrender, but because the characier of our adversaries is diferent. Wo are not a lawyer, but we have never heard of a powerful nation going to Vattel or Blackstone to ask what to do with their prisoners; they have generally acted according to their interests and fears, * * Does Mr. Mili fur. got, when he is asking us to play “the mule,” that he is taiking toa nation of gentlemen, who disdala, after sur- rendering up everything to thelr conquerors, depending ou their magnantimity, to beg even for life or property? We aro giad Mr. Hillis getting ready to fight. Hedid, not fight for our Southern constitution But when he gets ready to die for the Yankee constitution that we left.@fie will find that the South cannot be whistled io the battle fota by any one that did not bear her own be- Joved banner to her sacred fietas of freedem. Bad Advice. {From the Lebanon (Tenn.) Herald } There is left, i Our opiaion, bat one course to pursue—disebarze every negro hand in your yard who bas voted the radical ticket, aod fill his place with a white naa; withdraw your patronage immediately from every man, woman or child, black or white, who avows himself a cad.cal, {From the Nashville Gazette, } Let us determi: ly and wuequivocally, come weal or woe, that we ‘not buy a cont’s worth of goods from » radical mercuant, Lave our boots manutactured by a radicai shoemaker, employ a radical mechanic, ride ia @ radicai colored , Shave in @ radical barber shop, send our childrea toa radical teacher, attend s radical church, employ a servant, or in fact have any- Ubing whatever to do or say to any one who t9 # radical, or who refuses as equal rights with himself in the State or general government @ money in this country ts sm che of conservative men, aud by all means let them keep 1 among themseives, OBITUARY. SPECIAL TELEGRAM TO THE HERALD. Death of United States Consul Goaid at Leith, Scotland. Lerta, Scotland, July 22, 1967. Mr. Daniel Gould, United States Consui at this piace, ated to-day 4 Madame Musuras. Our London correspondent recently announced the sudden death from * diseased beart, of Madame Musarus wife of the Turkish ambassador to the Court of St James, The deceased Indy was the daugh:or of Prince Vogorides, and was born in 1819. When twonty years of age (im 3839) she married Musuras Pacha, a member of one of the most distingu'shed families 2f Conmanti- nopie. Madame Masurus ‘eaves two so four daughters, Sir Charles Monck. Tho London papers anocuace the recent death of this baronet, at bis seat in Northumberland Sir Charles was a liberal in politics, and twice represented the coun- ty of Northamberiand-in. Parliament. Asa iover of the turf he was wetl knows throu:hout Engiand, and during histime ran a gumber of celebrated horses, The de- ceased had attained a ripe age at tho time of his death, being ip bis eighty-eighth year. Mrs. Polly Haynes, 1 Centenarian. unces the re- The Hickman, Kentucky, Courier 4: cent death of this iady at the prea: Fors t mate = Ay ad pent sue wen doen od to live for 125 ye: and greatly To gretiod that ber constitution failed Ler before ene bed seen that oumber of years, Mrs. Mira Abdy. ‘The English papers announce the racent death of this wei! known English poetess, She was born in London th 1806, and was the neice of Horace and James Smith, Abe authors of “Rejected Addresses.” At aa eariy age #he developed the gentusfor poetry, which distinguished her in after yoars, many of be: verses having been written befere she entered her teens. About the year 1826 ehe married the Rev. Joba Channing Abdy, rector of St, John’s, Rorsleya the peg 2 para for her attentions to the poor. ‘first a {athe “New woniay 3 with the “Mctropoutan,” own name. Her poems and published, for private circulation only, some yoars erecna the Wete vere plead br Teta not oa ener, Fas hae ar Pat ey aes ie wes whose education she versonsiir eu- CO-OPERATION VE Lecture by Mr. Robert Crowe—The Past and the Future of the Working Classes. A lecture was delivered yesterday afternoon at the Farmer Institute, Ludlow street, by Mr. Robert Crowe, on “Co-operation versus Competition.” After a few in- troductory remarks, be spoke as follows:—The fav- damental axiom of Pohtical Economists in every age and country, (with a few modern exceptions), has been that “man can provide bettor for bimself, and more ad- Vantageously for the public, whea left to his own in- dividual exertions opposed to and in competition with his fellows, than when aided by any social arrai which should tend to unite his interests individually and generally to society.”’ Ip fact the principle of individual interest, though anti-social, impolitic and irrational in itg regulta, is proclaimed by the most distinguished political economiste, to be the very corner-stone of our social system, without which society could not exist, ‘This system has in the past prevailed with no apparent opposition, Empires have crept from the womb of bar- barism to an exalted condition of civilization—but only on the half-obliterated page of history canbe traced =the = faintest evidence = of their former existence, and other nations, now flourish- ing on the ruing of those former ones, present such an array of national strength as to incline us to'believe that time will be powerless to affect them. Prominent among the nations of our time stands England, and though 1 shall have occasion to advert to other countries, yet to her {turn with r confidence, because affording more ample scope for investigation. In no other coun- try have the consequences of the competitive system ‘been so fearfully developed. The natural conseqnence of this system is to contralize power, wealth aud fame, and as an illustration of this jet the condition of the canaille of France, the great unwashed and swinish multitude of England and the mudsills of our Northern States bear witness. Nor does the evil end here, Tne individual syatem isa mixture of extremos as to power, wealth and poverty, and tho:e concomitaats are insepa- rably linked to despotism on the one hand and slaver; on the other. Privilege and caste divided the wor! into classes; those classes are kept apart from other by the individual principle, and this sub-division of society by caste permeates the whole, from the high- est (o the lowest. Thus it 1s that man, the world over, regards his fellow man not as a coequal, but a rival, whom it is the business of his life to outstrip or supplant. Excessive competition 18 the leciti- mate fruit of the individual system. We incul- cate it upon the child at birth; in their ‘sports, as in their education, they must get above their In the infancy of society the iudividy tom was best adapted to the capacity of im: it afforded a necessary stimulus to his infantine condi tion; but knowledge, formerly the exclusive property of the fow, by its very diffusiveness demands a change; the rapid development of machinery lessening the labor of men, but forcing them to acquire additional kno! ledge, imperatively demands it. Now, while I am willing to admit the individual or competitive system to bo the most natural the origin of human socrety, 1 aiso see that muny evils of which we justly compla! owe their origin to this source. In the first place it has established a universal selitshness observable in all the relatione of life, and from this selfishness has sprung the legislation in al! nations of the world favor. ing production, without a corresponding regard to tho distribution of ‘labor's results. Thus we have created a civil warfare between individuals engaged in the same profession or business, Their interests are made to appear antagonistic—-and ko envy, jealousy, unger, fraud, ailof which may be summed up in the modern word smart,” are generated. Another evil resulting fron the present system is the temptation, nay, the necessity to create artificial wants, to minister to ‘the inordinate demands of that seliishness, which is the motive power Of ine whole system, and as a consequence increased the intensity of those passions and vices which seein to defy the regulating power of law. Thig reasoning may appear strange, but it would be stranger stil! to produce a reason why so many should be exposed to poverty and want. That such is the case is evident, and a causo for its existence may bo found in the fact that there now exists an unnatural lirait to the produc. tion of wealth. Presaming that the exhanstion of our Productive powers and tho satisfaction of our wants are the only natural limits, what then is the third? Simply this—“‘competition,’’ or the legiti- mate luct of the individual lem. To five. trate this, let me say that the gianuty, of wealth which a working man receives is always tho least that his tabor can be purchased for, according to the political economists of the old scnoo}, and the reagon wuy he does not obtain twice ihe quantity Is bi if he as an individual demanded more, another individual would offer to do the same for less; in other words, he finds in the necessities of his fellow workman a competitor, ‘When tars principle is clearly understood, men wili see that the exhaustion of our productive powers and the ‘satisfaction of our wants are the only natural limits to the production of wealth; that so long as capita! shail be employed in competition with capital instead of in conjunction with it, we shail never satisfy our wan's or exhaust our productive power. About the year 1827 it ‘was estimated that in Great Britatn alone the teation ‘equalled dded ion adults; that is to y, the working population of Greet Britain being at ‘that time five millions, it would require a popalation of four hundred millions of workmen to produce the amount produced by labor saving machinery. Nineteen-twentieths of this labor saving power was introduced within the fast century. But while the power of production has thos increased, bas the remuneration given to the laborer fnereased in ® similar proportion’ Let the universal poverty in Great Dritaw to-day answer—a land pronounced by competent authorities to be the richest as weil as the poorest na- tion on the earth—iet the enormous rate of taxation upon her people boar witnors. Bat this taxation, severe though it 1s, cannot bo considered as the prime caure, inasmuch as, recording to the English Registrar General Niles, who stateg that in 1826 the tax was $103 per bead, or one-fortieth of Britain’s wealth. The trae solution must be sought for in the talss system of commerce or exchange, It may bo said that an untimited inter- change of products cannot posatbly deprive the work man of the prodace of his labor; but T answer that com- 3 pot unfrequently compelled to sell their wealth at or under prime cost of the raw materials, tans forfeit- ing the whole of the profit resulting trom the labor per- formed; and this result ts wore certain to follow among the weaithy than the poorer nations. Now tet me ask to what condition will this constantly increas- ing application of scientific power under the present tysiom lead us? I answer, to national bankrnptcy and rain—to upiversal pauperism and starvation. Of what interest Is it to the tufling slave that these animate competitors multiply—uuconsumiog and per} petaally industrious working e#laves? Nothing. Thoir labor is brought into the marke: to se!! againet the labor of man, Bringing this part of my subject to a close, let mo give you @ tow evidences of the result of this system io a ‘general sense. I tion of wealth, we find that in 1756 the soil of Ea; med by 250,000; in 1822 (or thirty.six years after) he number feli to 30,000, aud in order to silustrate tne way in which this centralizing system has veea con- ducted take the follo :—The Marquis of Breadalban a straight tno across his owa Sutheriaud owus the country 2 from sea sea, and the Duke of Devonshire, besides otber, owns 96,000 acres in Derby. On these very estates the average wages of the laborer is nine euiil or $210 por week, aud from acarefully prepared table that the Hye deed of the agricultural laporers of England and | was thirty-seven cents day, ud bimeelf, and onty balf tment ai that. Pirate (rom the farther consideration o¢ ius apsta fraught with horror and disgust, T gladly ven ? Yes, the long looked for boon is within our grasp.'’ ‘The lecturer then enlarged upon history and pros- pects of co-operation. fe stated ‘there were in Ei less three hundred = fifty thousand ee eee C0. operative stores; there was ap apni business transacted of $59,500,000, and an invested capnal of pearly $4,000,000. BROOKLYN INTELLIGENCE. Axormer BuroLany.—Oficer Reeves, of the Forty. iret precinct, yesterday morning discovered that the residence of Mr Babcook, No, 60 Montague street, bad ‘been buslariously entered and robbed; but the amount taken could not be ascertained, Bab- absent iu the country with bis family, Tue gained an eutrance through ihe froot basement low, Rexaway Accrpeyt.—A team of borses attached too baker's wagon took fright at the corser of Gold and Front streets, on Saturday, and ran away. Ip turning the corner of John and Gold streets, the v overturned and one of the horses thrown violentiy on the sidewalk, injuri juch @ manger a3 to make Bim worthiess be ter, Ax Unevcossrct Atrampt to Rescue 4 Paisovrr,— Oficer Tayior, of the Forty-third preciact, on Savurday night undertook to arrest Thomas Regan, a laborer, for intoxication and disorderly conduct. Regan bad oo 4 Jockupy ana aherctore made slow Jock, erefore © Mout resistance, Final be was aided efforia to got away by « you an named Jobo Offcer Taylor received reimcores- ments, howevor, and Doth mea were secured and locked up to anewer Accusr> of Gran Lanctyy.—Henry Furgerson, ® mason, Was arrested by oficer DeCiuo, of the Forty- fourth precinct, at one o'ciock on Sunday morning, OD ® charg? of steal!ny eeDODK contal trom ~ Quigiey, avy are. The’ socuspa been took " Tus Late Revesce Seizcee cy tae Sixteeers Waad— The facts in relation to the recent eezure of Mr. Gus fave Bubenne’s residence, Smith etreet, BE D., were published in the Hrrato ai tue time, It will beremem- bored that detective Perry took possession of Mr. Tha henne's residence white thet guationen, wae aa 4 the country with his. funn J rub thority dow on datas oath warraat The Sirota sxated as poke wah epatained wou ‘shows:— : SEWARD’S DIPLOMACY. Another Snubbing from the Argentive Gove ernment=Minister Asboth will Not be Ree fused—Mininter Elizalde Brings Him to a Short Stop. It appears that the rafection of the offers of mediation on the purt of the United States did not satisfy Minister Asboth, and he determined to press them again on the Argentine government, This time he hasbeen more unfortunate, however, as the following correspondence GENERAL ASROTH TO WINISFRR ELIZALD™. TSA tke, Aor 10, 1367} \TRES, To Bis Excellency Senor Dr. Roriwo Euzaps, Mlaieter of Foreign 1 Ppa 4 Sin—T had the honor to inst, your Excellency’s note of the of Tast month a answer ta my note of the 6th of February, ia which T iaid the Argeniine government the resolution of the Hous Representatives of the United States of america, the President to offer the good offices of the govern! = ad pad eh OY in South as ica, aD the ns i, 1 Consequence of - that resolution, the President of the’ United States subd initted to the consideration of the several parties ia the war which the Argentine Repablic, in alhance with the empire of Brazil and the Oriental repablic of Uruguay, are waging againet Paraguay—propositions calcniated te bring to @ termination the disastrous war and secure an hovorable and permanent peace in South. upon a solid foundation, through dij megvtiations, under the friendly mediation of the United States. Your Excelieney refers in your note of the 36th ult. to the “amity and sympatby professed by the people and government of the Arzentine republic towards be people and government of the United States of America, and to the reepect and admiration inspired by their in- stitutions,” with a kindred appreciation also ‘‘of the sinesre brotheriy desire of the United States to see the! evils produced by this unbappy war in which tbe Ar-, gontine republic is engaged pat an end to, and good faith and harmony re-established among the peoples of Sonth America,’? The solemn tanner in which your Excellency hae ‘been pleased to give such honorable and highly sabsfac~ tory assurances cannot fail to find the liveliest echo im, the United States and help to confirm tne heartfelt sym pathy of its peoplo and government. Not less flattering” will it be to my government to tearn from your Excel- jency’s pote “that the allied mations would mach prefer to obtain through diplomatic —_uegotia. tions what they sock by arms, and that it wonld he very gratifying to them that th: should be effected throng the friendly mediation of thal United States government.”? This frank assurance off your Exeellency cannot be taken otherwise than as the acceptance of the United States mediation, lending te an armistice, the weleame precorsor of lasting peace, equally bonorable and. beneficial to all the beliigerents and my government, therefore, will hardly be prepa for the conclusion ‘of your Rxcellency’s note stating, that after what your Excellency had explained rela- tive to the motives that have given rise to the Paraguayan war, and baving in view the situation im which the belligerents find themselves actually, the Argentine government is convinced that the govern- ment of the United States will understand that the pro- rn which it has presented in so friendly and rotherly a manner negative the noble purposes it has had in view, The history of the events that occasioned the present war—a hisiory which your Excellency has so ably condensed in your note—gives fult ight to the circamstanoes that necessitated the alliance against Paraguay; but your Excellency wil! par- don my confessing that those weighty circumstances ‘ail to enable me to see that the propositions, resco 4 the President of the United States to the several gerents, negative the noble purposes he has had in view, namely, the pacification and consequent welfare of the “La Plata’and “Parana” republics. Toose proposition muy indeod be susceptible of modifications that may render them sore suitable to the peculiar circumstances and present slate of affairs here; but the Argentine government, guided as it ia by a just apéconcili spirit, and by iis sincere desire for an honorable jasting peace, might without reserve have pointed out “under what’ modifications those propositions could be tendered more acceptable to it as the basis for diplomatic negotiations with @ view to the termination of the war.'? And I may add my conviction that the United States overnment, actuated only by the single desire to see South American nations harmo prosperous: and happy, would certainly persevere in tender of its good offices, provided that such modifications to its original propositions ome not,” 7 ment suppose they wou egattve im} justice.” Tt in true that tho situation in which ‘ne altos te thems seives actually is of a very peculiar and complicated nature, and that of the Argeutine government js particu- larly embacrassing, bound as it is to its allies by honor and by treatics. But I would respectfully submit to your Excelieucy whether the honor of the Argentine nation has pot been already tulty vindicated as well by the immense sacrifices entaiied upon her by this un- bappy war as by tho gallant heroism of her brave sons, who, headed by their patrictic President as Com- mander-in-Chief of the atliod armies, have under- gone with good will avd without murmur all the terribte sardships, dangers and privations of a two years’ catupaign, ander the burn 0 and amidst the pestidential marshos of Pat . Many vioody Sights, more especially the ever memorable assault on Carupaity, have stamped indetibly the darmz and bravery of the Argontine soidior, 1 venture, however, to remark that lofty and undaunted a: e been and are the devotion and courage of your citizen soldiers, and great as was the enthusiasm of Argentine poople at large, at the commencement of the war against Paragu the general teeling now, as indicated also by public press, is one of weariness at the long protrac’ guinary ‘strife against a sister republic, with au earaest aod unuistakaole longing for peace, The loss of so many thousand brave’ Argentines, which hag plunged tnto grief and desolation their once happy bomes; the waste of so many mittions of treasury, ac- companied by a heavy and daily icreasing public d-bt; tho paraiyzation of trade, the ruin of agriculture, the drain of the country’s resources, the opeu re beliion and anarchy im four provinces, with serious disaflection in others, the consequent temporary transier by the President of the ropublic of the com. mand in ootef of the alied armies to a Brazilian general, with @ simuitancous withdrawal of tho larger portion oF the — forces (rom the seat of war; and further went Indian = inv attended murder, rapine and cesciation among and pew settiers, thus checking an anrious to foe peace secured upon a solid foundation,’ the Al ne government may not be averse to a recon sideratt of the propositions enbmitted on behaf of the United States government, with the tende an wal form me woul to our ministers abroad, in conse the Parag ment Secener etre inf ne mai bh mediation, if even the opportunity had arrived for ao i ara myseit of this occasion to repeat tho aseur ‘ances of my highest regard and esteem. RUFINO DEB ELIZALDE,