The New York Herald Newspaper, May 20, 1866, Page 7

WASHINGTON. Excitement Over the Failure of the Merchants’ National Bank. Inside View of the Washing- ton Banks. How the Government Funds Are Used. "The Treasury Department Loaning Mfoney to Bolster Up the Wa- tional Banking System. ‘Amportant Letter from Collector Smythe to the President, Speechmaking Day in the House of Representatives. j ho. deo. &e. ss ‘Waenincton, May 19, 1866. YPROCREDINGS IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. The Senate having adjourned over until Monday, and ‘Saturday boing set apart as a sort of field day in which “the country members are privileged to read their printed speeches to empty seats and galleries, the Capitol natur- ally presented a forsaken aspect, The usual number of Saturday speeches were made on reconstruction, but nothing of the slightest interest transpired. So many members had taken advantage of the dulness of the ‘past week to visit their homes that the work of the com- mitteos was retarded, and nothing of consequence ap- \pears to have been done. * MUETING OF THE COMMITTEE OF BANKING AND CUR- » RENCY. ‘The Committee on Banking and Currency had another :meeting this morning and is’ reported to have nearly perfected a plan for the prevention in future of such af- faire as that of the Merchants’ National Bank of this city. THE OMIO STATE CENTRAL REPUBLICAN COMMITTEE AND THE POLICY OF THE ADMINISTRATION. Some uneasy radicals’haye denied the statement that ‘the Obio State Central Republican Committeo had a re- cet meeting and endorsed the policy of the adgjnis- tration. I have high authority for saying that an infor- mal meeting was held in Columbus, that twelye members were present in person, and five others responded by let- tor, and that of the whole committee of twenty-three members there are but two members who endorse Con- gress against the President. THE REPORTED MASSACRE AT FORT GOODWIN. Lieutenant General Grant has received a despatch from ‘Major General H. W. Halleck, in California, in which he ‘says that there is not a word of truth in the report that Fort Goodwin has been captured by the Apaches and ‘the garrigon massacred. He denounces the report as al- “together sensational. It will be remembered that at the ‘time the story appeared it was discredited in Washington ~on the authority of J. Ross Browne, who had just arrived from Arizona, PARDONS. + he President to-day pardoned five citizens, two ro- siding in Alabama and the others respectively in North » ‘Carolina, South Carolina and Georgia, all under the first andghirteenth clauses of the amnesty proclamation. William A. Harte, who was convicted in the United \Bigtes District Court for tho Western District of Penn- sytvania, on the charge of passing counterfeit monoy, was yesterday pardoned by the President, TREATY WITH THE SUOSHONB INDIA’ The Governor of Idaho has concluded a treaty with ithe Oughee Shoshones. One hundred and fifty chiefs, jbead men and women, made the council, representing from eight hundred to one thousand Indians, which was Deid in the heart of the Indian country. By this treaty, ‘the Governor says, the Oughee war has been oxtin- sg@ishod, and all the Iands, rich in minerals, known as ‘the Oughee mines, are ceded tu the United States, INTERNAL REVENUR RECEIPTS. Tho total internal revenue receipts for the week aro $3,506,141. TREASURY DISBURSEMENTS. ‘The following disbursements wore made last week by he Treasury for the respective departments:—War, $111,347; Navy, $1,109,288; Interior, $235,266—total, $1,456,901. DISCHARGE OF TREASURY EMPLOYES. Fifty clerks were discharged from the Treasury Do- spartmont to-day for incompetency and a lack of em- ployment, Oar Washington C ‘spondence. Was om, May 19, 1866. THR NATIONAL BANKS, ‘The failure of the Merchants’ National Bank of this city is no surprise to that portion of the business com- munity who had any knowledge of those managing that institution, It has been a wonder for a long time past why the government intrusted its fands in that bank over night. For a business man to deposit money there ‘was considered among bis associates as an ovidence of insanity. If a merchant gave a check on the bank he would be looked®upon as suspicious. These facts have Deen notorious for a long time, and were so generaliy talked about that wh the bank failed its list of depositors was confined almost exclusively to the govern- ment and men In the different departments, The bank would have failed three months ago had it not been for ‘the fact that the government bolstered it up; and this ix not the only national bank in that condition, If the afairs of the banks under this system could only be known, it would be foand that the government has been spaying interest on call deposits in the Sub-Treasuries throughout the country, and at the same time piacing funds im the hands of the national banks and allowing the latter the use of these funds without interest Thus, in fact, the policy of the present management of the “Treasury Department has been to pay interest for money t bolster up Chase’s rotten system of banking. This is the whole affair in a nut shell, and the people are called vpon to foot the bill in the shape of taxes. It is but @ short time since the government was paying interest on fifty or sixty millions of special de. posits m ite Sub-Treasuries, At that very time the ‘Treasury Department had on deport in the national Lanks nearly that amount, which was not drawing inte. reat, but, as far as the banks of this city are concerned, was used to buy up claims against the government at from five to ten per cent discount, and the money drawn from the Treasury immediately for those claims. The genera! public have no idea of the sbuses which exist under (he pational bank system. THR WASHINGTON RANER, ‘The fatlare of the Merchants’ National Bank has in « measure lifted the veil from the operations of these banks, but it has done so only to a limited extent. It depends very much upon the action of Congress whether the country will profit by this failure or will be permitted to drift afong until a general crash of the banks takes piace. The banks in New York city and State and New England are altogether different from those organized ip ‘this locality, In New York, for instance, there was « ‘State banking system in existence long before the forma ton of the national plan. Under that the Dosiness of banking was #0 restricted that the looveness = whi iste in many places with the national banks impow New York banks, since their change to the national system, have Continued to conduct their nasiness upon the same sound neiples, and therefore stand different from the banks NEW YORK HERALD, SUNDAY, MAY 20, 1866.—TRIPLE SHEET. necessary . apd mat- leeatl son caly find that of those officers are not only innocent sufferers, influenced to deposit their funds in in the ts, who either had way the tiated in Wwashlagton matters have no trouble in the influence which placed every dollar of the funds of ernment into the Merchants’ National Bank which was there when the bank failed. It will be gress to ascertain the fact if the com. mittee go to work with the intention of ferreting it to the bottom, The danger is that the moment that an inves- tigation is commenced they will find that some promi- nent department official will commence to squeal, and the committee will hush the matter up and close the investigation. Some idea may be obtained how these national banks are sanipaianes when the mode of organizing one of them is known. There is at present in operation a na- Uonal bank in this city in which but a short time since the government had on deposit in its vaults some three millions of dollars, is bank was started in #0 singular a manner that it attracted the attention of everybody here except those whose attention it ought to have attracted. A certain a. who had been operating in various things around Washington enlisted with him an ex-official of the Treasury, who held an important position under Chase, and then brought in another per- son in the Auditor's Department, another in the Interior, and so on around the departments; taking those who were in a position to know all about ims in every de- partment of the government, and at the same time hold- ing positions which would enable them to secure imme- diate action and payment on such as they desired, and the delay of others, These men were made directors of the bank, and the institution started on a nominal capital, The next question was to get funds to do business on. Here tho directors taken from the departments again came in play, and the funds were soon forthcoming, and there has been no time until very recently when there hgs not been an enormously large aum of government funds on deposit in that bank, This was used exclustvely to discount claims ainst the government at a v ge percentage, which no doubt were paid by the government to the bank in full in a few hours afterwards, The claims were discounted or purchased with the funds of the govern- ment, which the Treasury Department permitted to remain there without interest months after months, while the Treasury was paying interest on call deposits at the Sub- ‘Treasuries in all the principal cities inthe Union. As stated above, the amount left on deposit there often ex ceeded three millions, and that too under a management of the bank which if it bad could not have obtained one hundred thousand dollars from tl business: mterest. It is probable, in fact it ia to be hoped, that the very worst features of the national banks are’ seen here, and that these institutions are an exception to the general rule. But these facts show what can be done, how loose the system is, and what abuse it is subjected to here under the eyes of the officials of the government, whose duty itts to watch these banks and protect tho public from loss, The developments lend to but one conclusion, and that is the imperative neeessity of Cou- gress passing a law prohibiting the Treasurer or any other oficial from depositing government funds in the banks. ‘They should be placed in the Sub-Treasuries. If allowed to remain in the national banks we may have a ae tion of the same scenes which followed the explosion of Nick Biddle’s bank, with its thirty millions of deposits, The public have as yet been let into but asmail por- tion of the rottenness @f the Merchants’ National Bank. They have only seen what is to be found om the thresh- old. There are, unquestionably, far more startling facts yet back, Congress must not flatter itself that this ts the only bank which bas not been neunaged as it should be, and the only safety is in the passage of a law or resolution putting a stop to depositing government funds in those institutions. A law of that kind would be a great saving to the government and enable it to meet its indebtedness without resorting to loans while the pubiic funds were left to bolster up rotten banks, THE NEW YORK COLLECTOR. It appears that the Collector of the port of New York bas taken hold of his new duties in earnest. The Presi- dent has received a very long letter from him on the condition of affairs in New York and elsewhere. Mr. Smythe bas shown an ability in regard to the great ques- tions of the d wy mich has perfectly surprised the Presi- dent and everybody here. No person gave him credit for the ability which he has exhibited in this letter, Itisalong, statesmanlike document, worthy of the of Marcy and Webster. There isa general desire among all who have listened to the reading of the document that a copy should be furnished for publication. The Collector dues not contine himself to the affairs of New York city alone, but takes in the whole country In his comprehensive grasp. His letter, however, throws no light upon the question as to who is Head Centre of the Custom House. Weed, Connolly and the other politicians are only men- tioned individually, THIRTY-NINTH CONGRESS. First Session. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. Wasninoton, May 19, 1866. MESSAGE YROM THR PRESIDENT. ‘The Speaker presented a message from the President transmitting, 10 further response to the House resolution of the 7th inst., reports from the Socretary of the Navy, Secretary of the Interior and Postmaster General, as to the clerks and employes of those departments, and whether apy have served in the rebel army. Laid on the table. SURECORS ON THE PRESTDENT’SJPOLICT, RECONSTRUCTION, ETC. Tho Sreakex announced that, by order of the House, no business woula be in order to-day except debate on the President's annual message in Committee of the Whole. Mr. Monnis, (rep.) of N. Y¥., took the floor and made a speech on the subject of reconstruction, It might well be, be thought, that the Jomt Committee on Reconstruc- tion was only oae of the several instruments made es- sential in perfecting the series of acts in the great drama of eveuts rendered necessary to save the nation and to restore it to bomogeneous concord. And it might also be that those sebemes were severally indispen- sable to check the growth of the poisonous shoots likely to spring from the remaining root of the recently felled tree of treasonable planting. He laid down the following propositions, and supported them by argument :—First—The incidents connected with the revolt of the Southern States had in no respect abridged the powers or the jarisdiction of the government of the United States, Second—These incideuts bad changed the relations of the revolting Stat s toward the general overninent and had affected some of their rights. Third— Fhe relations thus changed and the right’ thus affected can be restored to these States only by the legislative branches of the government, Fourth—These relations and these rights sonia be restored as speedily as the in torests of ali the parties concerned will permit, To re- store the Southern States to thelr normal condition, with ‘out any restrictions, would be held to make no distinc. tion between virtue and vice, would be contrary to pre- cedent, in conflict with analogy, repugnant to justice, and in opposition to the teachings of the Baltimore platform, the repeated and well known sentiments of the prevent Executive of th» nation, of bis predecessor, and of both branche: of Congress, He regarded it as of little mo- ment whether U ernments of the eleven States were considered as dt suspended or ay deranged, or whether they were treated as in or out Of the Union, for in euher view it aired interposition to reconstruct, restore or resurrect them. Reconstruction was the na- tural fruit of the rebeliion, and if the fruit were bitter tt was to be attributed to its wicked planting and its mort pernicious culture. struct involved such weighty interests that no desire, be it ever #0 worthy, for a speedy restoration, would Lamers sacrifice of them. What, he asked, would the revels have exacted had they been "the conquerors? should such conspirators be received back with unwashed hands, yet dripping of the if ba with the blood loyal slain’ a psterity and the universe would pronounce the Thirty-oiath Congrers as infamous as imbecile. He would compel the Febeliious inbabitants of the eleven States to protect the loyal men within their borders, would require them to send loyal men to ‘wou exclude every traitor educated at the ex of the vornment or who bad held an office under itand sought overthrow from ever holding any position of trast under the government or ever exercising the elective franchise. He would do thie if it took an army of two millions of men, and this being done, the traitorshould still thank God and an indulgent republic that their con. ditions were made so easy. Mr. Parrensow, (rep.) of N. H., wan the next spesker. ‘He said that the able aud protracted debate in the House apd Senate on the subject of reconstruction bad been an extraordinary character, involving largely in political philosophy, and re- the solemn and carnest discus sion in the convention of 1787 tan the foren- ‘emounters of an ordinary ¢ people of had followed ‘rom day found sense of the reach and magnitude ~ eyo Long om] in the a. graver or it question ever perplexed a legislative ne rep ble and aK LU Dery € pg the liberty of ite pty ation in this and future y would hold this C account. mt of thie «ptendid opportunity of etvil liberty. It was the the and had been brought to birth In these times amid the and ty by any Cirevan form of speech, nor would omit in tience to the narrow amb tion and om teal whiel attributed to a question of tempo hey the importance of eesentinl and permanent welfar of the couniry upon & per- mph. They demanded wise bat decieive ac. Id in bealthy contempt eubtie dialectics and ¥ precedents which there was no power to enforce. e and public sa.ety were to them the natoral and supreme law, and by them the work of Congress would be tested. They would never consent that Congress should put Liberty vo sleep upon any procrustean bed mate the fathers, much less strangle ft in the cast-of of ite own childhood. fountains of 8s ies g 3 ge z Pay to these chiefs were brave in a bad cause; and privilege to live and die in unmolested i ae f = and and direct tablig ment; sec that the rights of the safety of the government be secured by granting suffrage to the liberated or withholding it temporarily from the disloyal; third, that the elective franchise and an equal distribution of political power shall be pro- tected by a decrease in the basis tation, where impartial suffrage is denied by such a yrtion of the whole population as the disfrapchised ‘above twenty-one years of age bear to the whole male popu- lation above that age. In to the colored people of the South, he thought there could be little danger from giving political rights toa race so docile and apt to learn. It seemed to him that, in view of their loyalty and hamanity and bravery during the war, that was ‘a legitimate result of the war, that to withhold it would be a violation of th ‘itude and the honor the lighted faith the republic, But he would not insist on his views nor make his convictions an obstruction to the restoration of @ cordial union and fraternal intercourse with the South, Congress must ask nothing more and accept nothing less than what is necessary to the fulure peace and safety of the country. The suffrage of colored men, hough Iimited by intelligence and military service, would undoubtedly be offensive and humiliating to the South, for it would conflict with pride of caste and with their settled convictions that political subordination 1s tho divinely appointed condition of black men. The policy of Congress should be to punish the leaders, but to elevate and inspire with confidence the masses, who had been cheated or forced into the rebellion. If wo were to be one people, the deep, dark chasm which had opened in our history, which had puzzled the skill of the wisest, must be spanned by frank and manly concessions and a mutual forbearance until the growth of other times should have obliterated the horrid breadth. In conclu- sion, he said, to us beiongs the duty of assuring the safety and perpetuity of the Union. Let us do our work in the spirit of Christian charity, and in our admi- ration of men of noble nature and heroic mould who dared to stand like heroes at the threshold of the hearthstones in defence of a bad and wicked cause let us forget our wrongs and foster a spirit of patriotism and of brotherhood whieh shall embrace every State and every citizen in our broad and seagirt domain, rich in its mountains and rich in its plains, blessed in its climates ‘and blessed in its peoples. Mr. Ross, (dem.) of IIL, next addressed tho House, (rat and greatest of the practical issues before the country was the restoration of the Union with amicable and fraternal relations between its different sections. The objects for which the war was prosecuted had been authoritatively enunciated by resolutions of Con gress, and on that platform, acquiesced in by every department of the government. ‘The rebellion had been suppressed, peace restored and the Union maintained. ‘Animosity had begun to give way, sectional bickering to be hushed, confidence to revive, and the Executive had inaugurated and was successfully carrying out a policy for civil anthority which commended itself to the coun try and the civilized world at the time when Congress convened. These bright visions and cherished hopes had received their first rude shock when the Speaker of tho House, in his “serenade speech,” sounded the key note of opposition to the restoration of the Union in the phrase that “Congress should make baste slowly." The sentiments enunciated in that earofally prepared speech by ono af the ablest and most distinguished of his party had foreshadowed, unmistakably, the purpose to thwart the Executive im policy for the restoration of tie Union. We believed that the Reconstruction Committee was created forthe purpose of preventing restoration, and thus far it had successfully carried out the objects ‘and purposes for which it was ushered into existence. That committee was opposed to the restoration o! the Union; and the Union would never be restored so lone as that committee had the power to prevent it Ho was not disappointed in the action of the committee. ‘According to all parliamentary rules and usages it should have been constructed with @ majority favorable to the objoct with which it was specially entrusted. He feared ‘that the orphan child of reconstruct on would never rt ceive much nourishinent from the breast of its unnatu ral, unfriendly motber. Like militaty courts martial, the committee had been organized to.convict, Its objec had been to dissever and iestroy, not to restore and build up. The southern people had committed a grave error and been gutity of @ great wrong in waging war against a beneficent government, and they had oo greatly humiliated and severely’ punished. In their penury and penitence they asked tocome back. He was frank to say that he had no heart to turn his back “ee the returning penitent. If there were still roots of bit- terness springing up im in the hearte of the Southern people, (be surest and most expeditious way to.eradicate them wns by justice tempered with mercy. Two antago istic plans, radically diferent, were pending before ce and the country. wero—First, the plan of the mittes of Fifteen of a severed Union, dead States, without representation aud governed by trary force. ‘of tho President: That the ordivances duty, and should cordially support the restoration poliey of the administration in prefermes to the do- structive policy of Congress. One would build up—the other would One was life, the other death to rep.) of N. J., next addressed the House ‘an increase of the tariffas will tend to Je in any nation. On the contrary, true civilization sought to build up native industry as the for est seeks to instruct the cbild on the necessa’y means to # liveilhood. National art should be provected and fostered by the government as individual art by the parent, The history of civilization was nothing but a series of steps by which man bad subdued nature to the uses of sooty under the protection of a great central authority; and a nations grew older, the duties of the central authority became more varied and more protective. The doctrine that that 18 the bost government whieh governs least he regarded as a fallacy and contrary to all experence, either as regaeds this or any other nation. Alexander Hamilton's was the true idea of government in contradis- Unction of that of Jefferse 6 latter tended towards State, rights and secession; the former towards nat onal unity and power. The idea of Jeifervon had been fought out to the last resort—that of war iteelf; the idea of Hamilton survived the ar of the rebellion and was the only safety of the count He lwoked upon a merely agricultural country as living only in the first stage of national existence, manufactures being necesary to develope its resarees, to vary employment», and thus w afford the means of giving every man an opportunity to follow the bent of hix genius. Artificial, like natural life, requires variety in order to ity more perfect devel opement. The internal trade of the country, more valu. tle by millions than the foreign trade, presented bat two eveutualities to the American peop! either under it they must see their manufactorins destroyed, or else, their mecbenics mast work for the starvation wages of Europe. je result in either case would be revolution, The American havic must have the comforts and even luxuries of fe. Agriculture is the great central interest of the country, but like the su it most have its planets to re voirg around "ge its Ls g hea become AA pated in emply space. The barden of taxation would fail on the foreign manufacturer aud on the real zed wealth of this country. This was the case in Great Britain. The manu facturing districts of the Union now pay over three-fourths of the internal revenue, while protection i# no greater than before. This was driving many domestic manufac tures, such as steel, iran, iter, &e., from the eld. The Hood of toreign was also tending to derange the finances of country. Imports were in. poms, Bovey a exports were decrensing. The sale of United bonds in Earope was now paying the bal- of These bonds auce of trade against us. should be retained at home, or by and by the drain of specie to pay Id be like extracting the life blood 'y. Protect American industry, and be forced to come to thia country their operations. Daring the exchange were having this efect. were then established by z jament, a few Britain could only 19 the future control he called apon the unity pass of tnanufacturing by saying: lence. ‘The House at four o'clock adjourned The Referee fystem. TO THR EDITOR OF THR HMALD. Thank God your valuable journal has had the inde- pendence to speak out against the infamous referee system of this city. There are abuses extending far beyond granting divorces by reference; it extends to aboot onethird of the cases brought in our courts, and ®* & means whereby half-sarved at torneye gain @ livelihood, in many cares without feference to capecity or honesty. Then, again, we find acting as referees the friends of Judges, in the shape of fons, brothers in law, partoers, and not Ee pcaag copay rash coer ase cs faren coll tveelo ewerhwrés of tee money at prover im dispute is consumed before a decision je The b~ system eo" pT of ey) to gh yee A SUFFERER to the Pent Coneremats, May 19, 1804. Twenty-sle soldiers of the regular army have been committed tothe Penitentiary for desertion and inrud- ordination. Their terns of copteoment very from eleven monibs bo Ofieen vous Soldiers Committed y conquered provinces and public evemles, to be taxed | ar NOTICES OF NEW PUBLICATIONS. A History or rae Grrstes, with SPRorMens or Tus Grrsy Lanovacy. By Walter Simson. Edited, with Preface, Introduction, Notes, &c. By James Simson. Doolady, Broome street. All remember the interest which the “Rommany Rye’’ of George Barrow excited in the public mind some years He threw a flood of light on the habits and char- acteristics of the singular race known to the world as Gypsies, to which it had previously been # stranger. Curious to say, the volume which we have now before us, and which has only recently made its appearance in London, was written before Barrow's book was published, Tt was originally a history of the Gypsies of Scotlana, but by the labors of the author's literary legatee it has assumed @ more general character and embraces that of the race generally, though, of course, the matn bulk of ita contents has still relation to Scotland. The motive of the postponement of its publication until after the death of its author is explained in the editor's preface by the apprehension of personal danger from the vindictive race of which it treats, and also by the dread which he entertained of the spleen of the party opposed to the literary society with which he tdentified himself, and the idea of being mado the subject of one of the slashing criticisms so characteristic of the times. After a careful perusal of the volume we are inelinod to assign to the latter of (hese influences the withhold- Ing of the work for so long a period. It is very diffusely written, and but for the vast mass of interesting~Tacts which it groups together would frequently weary the patience of tho reader, It was, no doubt, this consciousness of its literary imperfections that rendered its author so timid in regard to the critics, and we could have wished that his literary legatee and editor (Mr. James Simson) had been torment. ed by similar doubts, Instead of attempting to improve the defects of tho original work, he has rondered them sUll more glaring by supplementing them with his own prolixities in thefshape of a preface, introduction, notes, and “a general disquisition,” ax he calls it, ‘ou the past, prosent and’ future of gypsydom," which is neither phi losophical in its character nor altogether correct in its conclusions, Confining ourselves to the original portion of the work, which seems to have been written by a man of sense and intolligence, we will begin by noticing what he says on the voxed question of the origin of the gypsy race, That tt was Asintic there is no reason to duubl, The ethnological characteristics, habits and superstitions of the race would all go to prove this if we had no other evidence of the fact. Woe shall not turn aside to refute the theory set up by a recent writer that this strange people had a European origin and were simply the offspring of that tendency to law Joasness and rapine which pervaded in the middle ages, and which, assuming an organization like thatof free. masonry, succeeded in maintaining it to onr day throagh the influence of fear. Mr. Simson thinks that the Gyp sios originally canie from Hindostan, and he assigns reasons for thix opinion which, it not conclusive, ave at Jeast plausible, One of the links connecting the race with that region he holds to bé the sacrifice of the horse in divorees of man and wife, a ceremonial relig- lously adherod to by the Gypsies, and which ap ears to be @ remnant of the great Hindoo religious sacrifice of the Aswamedha or Assumerd Juy, observed by all the four principal castes of India enumerated in the Gentoo code of iaws., The divorce forms, as thus practised among the Gypsies, are sufficiently curious to be given in the words of Mr. Simson:— When the parties can no longer live togethor as hus band and wife, and a separation forever is finally deter mined on, a bore, without blemish and in no manner of way lame, is led forth to the spot for performing the ceremony of divorce. The hour at which the rites must be performed is, if possible, twelve o'clock at noon, “when the sun is at his height.” The gypsies present cast lots for the individual who is to sacrifice the animal, and whom they call the priest, for the time. , The priest, with along pole or staff in his hand, walks round and vound the animal several times, repeating the names of ail the persons in whose possession it bis been, and ex- tolling and oplaing on the rare qualities of bo useful an animal. It is now let loose and driven from their presence, to do whatever it pleases. The horse, perfect and free, is putin the room of the woman who is to be divorced, and by its diferent movements is the degree of her guilt ascertained. Some of the gypsies now set off in pursuit of it, and endeavor to catch tt If st ts wild and vat ie, kicks, leaps dykes and ditches, ecampors about, and wiil not allow tteelf to be easily taken hold of, guilt Of the woman are looked upon nous. Lf ube horse ix me and do- cile when it is pursued, and suilers itscif to be taken without much trouble aod without exhibiting many capers, the guilt of the woman ts not considered so deep aud aguravated ‘and it is then sacrificed in her stead Bot if it is extremely wild and vicious, and cannot be taken without infinite troable, her crimes are considered exovedingly wicked and atrocious; aud my informant #aid instances occurred:in which both horse and woman were sacrificed at the same time, the death of the bora alone being then considered insudiciont to atune for ler excessive -—_ The mdividuals who catch the bors» bring it be faults and tricks it bad committed, the priest, They repeat to bim all the ing the whole of ' is fuisbed the priest takes a lar inte the heart of the horse, and its lowed to flow upon the ground till life is extin dead ant w stretched out upon the ground. The husband Of itand the wire on ot by the hand, ropeat ay psy language. They ik three times round Anpropr.ate sentences in t quit bold of each other, and hind and fore feet, the shoulders and bau: and tall, art aitand face each othe repeat fet * in ther own speech at time they hait. The two last stops they i clrenit round the sacrifice, atthe head At the hoad they again face tach other and speak; and lastly, at the tail, they a Confront each oth f, utter some more gypsy expressions, shake hands, and Gnally part, the one go'ng north, the other south, never again to be united in this life, Immedvalely after separation lakes piace the woman receives a token, which Is made of cast iron, about an inch and a ball square, with « mark upon it revembling the Roman charncter fT. After the marriage has been dissolved, and the woman divmissed from the wv rifice, the heart of the horse # taken out and roasted with fire, then sprinkled with vinegar or brandy and eaten by the husbend and his friends then present, the fomale Bot being allowed to join in this part of the cere mony. The body of the horse, akin and everyth about it, exeopt the heart, is ‘buried on the years after the coremony has taken place the husband ‘nd his friends visit the grave of the antmal, to nee whether ) bat been dinturbed. At these vinta they Jk round about the grave with much grief and ourning. The 4 may take snother wife whenever he t the female is never permitied to marry The token, or, rather, bill of divorce, which she o#, must never be from about her person If she loses it oF attempts to pass herself off asa woman never before married she becomes liabie to the punshment of death. In the event of her breaking this iaw a council of the chiefs is held upon her juct, and her fate is decided by & majority of the members, and, if she is to suter death, her sentence must be conirmed by the king or principal. leader. The culprit is then tied to a stake with an iron chain, and there cadgelied to death. The executioners do Bot extinguish life at one beating, but leave the unhappy woman for « little while, and retarn to her, and at last complete their work by desyatehing her on the *pot. In farther confirmation of this theory, that the gipaiek came from Hindostan, Mr. Simeon quotes from the sev enth volume of the Aviatic Researches ® paragraph de. seribing a tribe of gipsios who wander over that region ‘and who practios, as in Europe, the arta of posture making and tambling, fortune telling, stealing, fe. They are called Nuts or Bazegurs, and are believed by many to be the remains of an aboriginal race prior even to the Hindoos, @nd who have never adopted the worship: of Bramab, In the ordmances of Menn the Nats or Ba- nogure are called Nata, whilat the Seottiah gipsies at the present time call themselves Nawkens, a word aot very diswm lar in sound. In regard to the religions ideas and practioes of the Gipnion we have nothing very clear, When they made their first appearance im Transylvacia they haf no par ticular form of creed, nor has any been identified with the race, The fact we believe to be that the mont per fect indifference existe among them in this regard. Mr Simeon says that mombers of the Seottwh gipries sitend church and publicly profess Christianity, and that many of the male heads of principal families hare the appearance and reputation of great honesty of charecter, This does mot prevent theiy wives snd children from being lithle better than profrmed thieves, and (bey are secretly countenance’ and encosraged in their practions by many of those very cnief males whe designedly keep op an outward sbow of integrity for the porpone of deception and of affording their plundering (riende protection. Mr Simeon refutes the very common tmprrarion that the ripsies do not min thelr blood with that of ocher people, He asserts that there ix not « fail-biooded gipty in Seotiand; and that in England, where it claimed that the race ae 80 pure, all that cnn be ead of sete families ia that they have wot been crowed, ax far es i known, bot thet, with these exceptions the boty © moth mined — ‘dreadfully mited, os (he gipeiee (hem waves term 1h Mr Simson Comsters that the civilization and im pleares , again. this subject nearly the samo avswor which « Bun garian nobleman gave to Dr. Bright when that trav- eller asked him if he could not devise ao plan for bettering the condition of the race in Hungary, The nobleman said he know of no manner of improving the gipsies, The best plan yet proposed for improving the race appears’ to us the one suggested by the Rev. James Crabb, of Southampton, and the Rev. Jobn Baird, of Yelboim. One of the first meps, however, should be a complete publicity to their language, if that were possible, and encouragement held out to them to speak it openly, without fear or reproach. Their secret speech is a strong bond of union among them, and forms, as it were, a wall of separation between them and the other inhabitants of the country.’” Prarmacevuticat Dingctory oF abe tae Cxupe Daves Now in Genxaat Use, Turin ErrMoLoor AnD Names in ArnasericalL Orpen. By John Rudo'phy. Wm. Radde, Pear! street. The work of Mr. Rudolphy appears to be one of great utility. It is stated to be got up with a view of obviat- Ing the frequently occurring confusion of articles used | man, Henry te: for pharmaceutical, medical and technical purposes, and | Mies Carrie seoms likely to prove a safe guide to French and Ger- man, as well as to American drugg:sts, apothecaries and physicians, Tue Queen's Favonire, on Tue Price oF A Crown, An Historical Romance of the Fif- Sent CONT Peterson & Brothers, Phila- \elphia. This story would be ono of considerable intorest if it had been loss painfully elaborated. The author has overloaded his work with episodes and descriptions which are not necessary to the effective working out of his story, With less labor he would have done more jus- tice to his task, Alleged Failure of the Pe: wines. TO THE EDITOR OF TIE HRRALD. Your readers cannot fail to remember what a great row Mr. Isherwood made about ‘the wretched performance of Dickerson’s engines, with which the Pensacola was origi- nally propelled. Yet after the engines which Mr. In! wood has fitted to this vessel, in place of those he con- demned and removed, have proved that they cannot pro 1 the vessol from Norfolk to New York without being almost totally rumed by the excessive heating and cut ting of journals and the cutting of the cylinders them- selves, to say nothing of other matters, reports aro in dustriously circulated by interested parties that these engines have proved a wonderful «uccess, and it ix given out that the repairs which this vessel is now undergoing are merely those which are usually necessary before a veasel is put in commission. T! o na abort trip with theae engines from Norfolk.to New York the heating of the crank pin journals was #0 extmordinary that both the pins and brasses were #0 it Lo pieces thilt the engin all, The brassos were fractured and had to be sent he machine shop to be bored out, and the pi selves had to by ped, filed and scraped. 1 cylinders were so fearfully cut up that @ large steam en- gine and boiler is now on the deck of the vessel for the purpose of reboring them, — ‘Th ra several other small matters which Twill not occupy your space by reatest number these enumerating, Suffice it to say that the ef revolutions which could be got out was only twenty-nine, ai ty eight feet mean pitch, it will be seen that the veawl t have been going at maximam, under loss than eight knots. The worst feature as in that there are now building in the ines, exactly like these mcola, for the Ontario 14 have exactly doub ngines class of loops, The latter the boiler power of the Pénsacolg. — If the engines were out in leas than two days in the Pensacola, what may be pected in tho Ontaro clase which has twice the boiler? Livenpoo.—Steamship City of P ify wad two Mughters: J { Maller, Thomas Kinga f r Mr. Stickney, HP Davenpe der, Mr. Fair Mra Meliwali we of Taxus, Capt D Mrs Albright, Mr 4 Mrs fn Nighter; Miss Cornish, wife, John Iaost owaiph B Dunn, two children, Mie M Naylor and wife, Wm Brindhurst, # Chas K Backley, Mr Stanton. Mrs Miggion Mea WJ Stuith, ILA Warren, wife nod ‘and two children, Mra Dr Ludlow and Missglutiow, Cameron, Dr Ltidlow, Miss Paterson, Mis J Cameron, Rev Kichard Lea and wife Mr Holyman avd wile, Mr Free Pilleshie, John He Haviland, B: man, Mr Linder, Hen Verry, Mr Bourne, 3G wife, Mra Lewis Lewis, John Hors ‘and Aauhter . Master Smith, F Iickinhoitom, P Shaw, Mr Cochran, William Sims, ( Barron, Mr Walsh. Kobert Halliday, New! J Hee Thomes Whitende, James it Hh ! ‘orm owns, Fe Will 5 ack, Adler L Drant James Chi WA White, GG White, bour, K Neill and wife, Mr Oekford and son and two abildren, Alex Hope, Mee Uleanor Parrish and daughte ual =) Cole, Henry M Sout fe, John Schofield aw ols, Moria Caldow—and Others in the steerage, Spent Sovrmamrron ann Hasnons—Steamship Germania—J W Dokuseh and family, Mrs William D'O0neh, Miss Helen D'Oench, Master Frederick D'Oend®. Mixa J i, wre MK re Ly ni Master Aleran ter nas 4 Mee 1 seman te Louis Bresle 4s MEW Bloom, 6 + ry A Norris, red. @ Dethaneo, Madame Hentt ‘elmer, child and servant, Meand Mrw J Goldatain “and chil!, Me and Mra K heasell, eon Lauer, Le Jovepbthal, A Wallach, Taaae Swope, ir MA Richter, Aehleatng Mra PA Se ren and ae tw , Wilhelmine mann. Leo Lovie, Mi cette Blum, Mr and M . Some ph Mr and Mee Geovge Mraod Mere M Jackson, rad Thiele, Clemens Mut ory Seeger, manuel Mayes A Holman. Chari py Heruhard 4. Carl 8 Dertel IF De water Fink GA Wirth, « Joueph Noel. ® Lamm, View and, Jam Korte an aaier Kort Jorgensen and ehild, € «Beckmann aller, ba Mr and friend, Paull Braun and child, ter * 4, Mra. Neidig, M. William it se Mr. and A gwacal Th. Steuber, Mr. aod Mra. Sebeatian Wfeiffer and child, Herr mann Dutine, Heury hehruede® Frank Duhme, and others Napoleon ITl—Count de Fa tw Waals la ¥ Spain at New Vork.col ® © Thompe: 10 Trompaon, GR kcnitelin, Mrs fichd Alsop ap ine (aillard, A Kemp, Mrs Kemp, Miew Keno d wervant, M seaser, & Rew bias juliet. 1, Halieehon. Trahan oO Bee dican Fa hecee nae heat yey te} yak Mr Horrthal re Bon Mr end Fe ae i Kloppmann Mel ir © heharer, Mr | Wooten, Mr 17 Peters Mr ik Lew Raver. Avgt Paul ml v jor 04 Biliptic Hook Leck tae in ieee e Rd a ag Lowa Bre, Joe ner Vik | Agenes wanted, Lncave Mre Detine, Mre Doras, Mrs Helene Coitiam — on Nevy Torres, J Suhard 8 Sewie, 1) Cornet F learow Terwittiger's tem F Tarieie, Harradat, 1 rare, A Vevutiomoek. Fhe Malee On, avartmnent “eae France vo Aberen & ben! ; acne Hogi, Mme fae Ries Vignes, ven poe or ire Derand Aron, Mise Dorant, Joenph ~e | Focoul Soong Wernermann, M oubee ohn Mr Demat Bedbon Mr ' Wackerman amt foe bi eetermayy Gregory Noley Miva Canon, Jown Masiey, Louie wd) P- = 34 An re Torumen Potin Stpare o SS Las Gl NP Wenner hn Spears, Mire ole Mi Wireman rasa Kay and Ave obit Coresen Pyne Pons fhoey the ee Ob" ney ~thirherd Kevder, lawn, Micuert (inte 4 i¢ oe a Hae te Urey Lua » et tom, | rr oe. Bk Mie Tt her, 0 OF Cromer, ALT Gest ont ety, ¥ i” A Seeroy, 1 T amen, BL Wen Conway 1 | eo SR Mersey set : 2 coger lames & | 2 oapere nom Haas Wi Dewan sed teiy | WP deve CR a his Onion and ety dB | Comin OF He Kent ond lady JT Meters BD Hera. lady, 8 Rew get won i? Mise Fane Power 4 wore, © Rent hat er ea dG fever, that may mean : 7 mA three 5 ir a AM Mine Har section Mtr Hiewurd Taylor, Peter Mt Marrow, wife and wo i L Devoe, Mrs Demarest a, Jacob 1 servant, Rudolph ‘oreell, F ¥, ip General Barnes—J J MeKibiiny Py TW Regse, Willett Rowe. K Quiulan ton, Mra M Avertil aud children, Mre i ‘and Infant, TG'Neth, E8 Colby, Charles’ Phillips: B Ihind, be erts, H ,, Joh Mre MP hobbott and som, W an orm, 8 fend lady, Bete Jeet: Devise, 5 Denise, Ly Kalliet Lig 3 5 een hauex, Charles mer. Mr Keseuhaly and Your ebildren, tied orm , Thomas Satton, J Anderson, T H Janley, T Cainnemyer, J lor, Herman Patrie, A! jamen Fitzgerald a1 4 Simoes DeCamp, Alonao ‘and thirty 10 steerage. Steamship Sam Salvi -A Salamone and three Charles sane aa? Give AW Parrah and ae Williams, J Kingsey, © Dy 5 Patton, George Foran, Miss Maria Foran, Mre A mes W Freeman, ad Gerard, Mise Ht wif Chas Bronson, anid daughter A J Lyons, HW Lyn: B Mociregor, Won enoott, N Stan JW Briggs, Mise Free Stanford, Di Kk. t I, ae es ee ford, Db a aon, Carrie Pick,” Misa on Ke binckwelly Thommed Duncan, Adolphe Haimpe, © C Duncan, Stephen J Whitwellee And eighteen inthe steerng, MAILS FOR THE PACIFIC. Nows from the National (apttal—Move= ts of General Santa Anna—The Troubles—S pecch of Head Contre ' Wood—The Latest News from Europe, &c., de. The mail steamship New York, Captain Horner, will Jeave this port on Monday for Aspinwall, The mails for Ceutral America and the South Pactfie will close at half-past ton o'clock to-morrow morning. The New Youx Hxnato—Kdition for the Pacific—wilt be ready at half-past nine o'clock in the morning. It will contain :—Interesting intelligence from the Na- tional Capital and a report of the proceedings of Com- gross; News from ail parts of the Union; The movemente of General Santa Anna since bis arrival in the United States; Report of the Maw Mocting of the Fenians at Jones’ Wood, with the specch of Head Contre Stephens on the situation; Late and interesting News from all por- tions of Europe, and reports of all importent occurrences of the day, Single copies, iM wrapper, ready for mailing, six conte jovernor Pennin, erof the House of Kop naer of the teeth, a prepal found itvery beneficial A.—The Undersigned are Under Obliga- Hons to many persons who gratuitously advertion the virtue of tae Plantation Bitter Ww Hicks, formerly of the anniversary of the al Therw ise person signing himself 8. T. 100, X ay ois Drake. tle waa very {any of his Bilters 1 8 queer he rebellion would not by woagobe torn seldom get various clergymen offering Qo a b ters 10 unalyze, and if Uaey Tike It bo maid le got one mi Prams * we will give iim a that will restore the og " d Reeve our pockets thin dard we have a werves another, and if tinent where they hy Yn) and we will ternal! DEAKE & 00. Inscet Powder—For Exter= minating Roaches, Ants and Vermin, and preserving Mure and Clothing from mothe The orlginal and on te signed K. Lyon are imitations Take no other Insect Pow: Sold by all druggists nud ly BARNES & © A—Dr. Gutm TURKISIL AND KURBIAN BATHS. B® Kast Fourth atreot, near Brosdwag. AND PARIG COATINGS, TROUSEEING, DOKSKIN (to order) in this olty, {vor BROKAW BROS, Kanth arewmm, Heastores dressing knows, 7 Meerechawas is Hicher than an: A Hy glent principles, and other bitters In aromatic and balesmke taste Is enquintis Ask your draggie! for I All Prices Lottertes.— Chreulars an@ drawings sen J CLUTE, Broker, 116 Broadway. im the Royal canted Batenclor's Hair Dye.—The Hest tn the world, the only Py thee Dye. harmiess, reliable, \netente Rous, Wactory Mt Barclay siroet Chev HMatr.—Never fails to reetor cote, freshers: ama beanty mote lye variably 1 ire for the ba A CHEV AL 7 Our best physiria ne yy 04 gentienen, 1 Srugginie a 8, Cresta, Com rms, 2 nerd. gilt and sliver fur fue grams, he, richly ha Sinipase, All the newest ‘etples, et LF. MOLANIPM, bab Filan atrent, teal you ha op al * KK MD. assortment of Cre nea cas be found a quet on Ins AL BERGMANN & CO. Dr. Charie’s Cholera Cure. Sold by aft Aruggints — DEMAS BARNES & CU., Wholesale Agente, Those who hare We re treet Sebo Voor sain every wnere A become, Ww all who be should ry Mt and be o titiela ever made to be che Vor Cholera, Dysentery, Diarrhae, Alt should have Dr MICKNELL/® SYRUP, Try it brated Ha at enlection of gente’ fi 4 A aM THE QE HOSUEED Se warhe, 1x % HRY VANIETY OF MTKAW, FOR LADIES, BIRREA O80 CHIL TTR! RETAIL FO AT! Machine Compeay— hesidert Mo Om Broatwey, naoae Howe Sewitn 1am HOWE, Je New Yorn ™ oo ‘“ Mate nies , wag 4 SRO b TN hee Waser Ot Broadway. tere Of Gann's beat a 7 @ Hevena Lottery —Prisce Pata in goll. Information furnished The highest rates pal for dosheoons apt all inde of ned © wer Tallon 2 CO bento + weet raw Hateand Bonnete—Sapert | leleet atytne lm ported tin Veaihons (tare Powers. Oveanmne. fr THe REYNOLDS Tat Broadway (from MA Camel mnret) Royal | Bet remember, he taivie ims igorent pres and Ornamental Metr, Dye eet Mar Dyung, atl tome, of vn Ve Rome waren z Leek titeh Sewtng ane OD Rreetwes wi Matter, 309 Comal ot one Ce ——