The New York Herald Newspaper, October 2, 1865, Page 4

4. NEW YORK HERALD, MONDAY, OCTOBER 2, 1865. NEW, YORK HERALD. wee JAMES GORDON BENNETT, EDITOR AND PROPRIETOR. wevsom N, W. CORNER OF FULTON AND NASSAU ST:. TERMS cash in advance. Money sont by mail will bv atthe risk ofthe sender, None but bank bills current iu Now York taken. ‘The Evrorzay Evmon, every Wednesday, at Six cents por copy, $@ per annum to any part of Great Britain, or 06 to any part of the Continent, both to include postage. ‘The Cauvornta Eprrion, on the Ist and 16th of each month, at Six cents per copy, or $3 por annum. « a .-Mo. 275 ‘AMUSEMENTS THIS EVENING. BROADWAY THEA’ Broadway. —' — see ¥ TRE, way. —Tax Frenca Sry- HIPPOTHEATRON, Fourteenth street.—Equasraian Qrunastio Faars—Tux Macic Stator, £0. it WALLACK'S THEATRE. Broadway.—Tas Dova.e Gaucanr. WINTER GARDEN, Broadway.—Ourm Amenican Cousin. SAN FRANCISCO MINSTRELS, 585 Metropolitan ont meena tan ‘Youne Arnica ow Tux TRAPssE. Broadway, opposite GING, Dancixa, ‘&c.— TONY PASTOR'S OPERA HOUSE. 201 Bowery.—Sinc- mo, Danowd, Buacxsques, &c.—Pusasant Nuiguson. VANNUCHI’S MUSEUM, 600 Broadway.—M Ww. Figunns or Present Lincoun, Jurr. Dara, — «: NEW YORK MUSEUM OF ANATOMY, 618 Broadway.— ‘Oper from 10 A. M. till 10 P.M. er New York, Monday, October 2, 1865. NEWSPAPER CIRCULATION. Meceipts of Sales of the New York Daily Newspapers. OFFICIAL. Year Ending May 1, 1865. - $1,095,000 368,150 252,000 169,427 100,000 151,079 90,548 New Yorn Herarn. $1,095,000 ‘Times, Tribune, World and Sun combined.. 871,229 ADVERTISEMENTS FOR THE COUNTRY. —— 4 Advortisoments for the Weekty Haratp must be handed im before ten o'clock avery Wednesday evening. Its cir- culation among the enterprising mochanics, farmors, merchants, manufacturers and gentlemen throughout the ‘country is increasing very rapidly. Advertisements in- sorted in the Weex.y Hexaup will thus be seen by a large portion of the active and energetic people of the United States. fs THE NEWS. EUROPE. ‘Tho Hamburg steamship Allemania, which left South- ampton on the 20th ult., arrived at this port yesterday with three days later news from Europe. Fenianism was still the cause of very considerable ex- citement in public and official circles, both in Ireland aud England, and the Paris press had commenced a very full and rathor sympathizing canvass of the movement, its exciting causes, object and chances of success. Thirty-one persons had been arrested in Dublin, including the men Geized in the Trish People office. They were remanded after ap examination before the magistrates. Large re- ‘wards wore offered forthe arrest of suspeoted parties who had fled to England. A man named McCaf- forty, said to be an ex-officer of the rebel American army, was arrested in Kinsale and held tn durance. The luggage of all passengers arriving fin Ireland from America was strictly searched. It is alleged that the Irish police have a very large quantity sof docamentary evidence in their possession. All the country ballad singers of Ireland were in the pay of the Fonlans. Liverpool and Manchester were being agitated An favor of Fenianism, and some Manchester delegates had arnved in the former town on “ business’’ connected ‘with the organization. Judah P. Benjamin, rebel ox-Secrotary of State, ‘was about to botake himself to the English bar. A Liver- pool paper gives to him a puff preliminary on the ground of eloquence and legal attainments. Cholera was making alarming progress in France, and he people of Toulom were fleoing from that city on ac- ‘count of the plague. In England tho “rinderpest” continued its ravages, ‘and on the continent had attacked the poultry with the most fatal eifect. ‘The upward tendency of United States securities in Europe continued. Five-twenties were quoted in the London monev market, on the 20th ult., at 683% a 68%. MISCELLANEOUS. Connectic:t votes to-day on the nogro suffrage ques: tion. Of the Now Enzland States Connecticut is the only one which has hitherto repudiated negro suffrage, and ‘the indications are that her porition will not be changed Dy the prosent election. In 1857 a majority of nearly four to one declared against giving the negro the right to ‘vote. The Misniasippi Congressional elections also take place to-day. The list of candidates will be found elsewhere, * ‘The political canvas in the State appears to have pro- coeded on queer issues. The salient features of the re- publican and democratic platforms elsewhere seem to be wanting in Missiseippi, ‘The negro comes to the sur- fare there as claewhere, but the people are mare anxious & make him work than to give him the right of voting. ‘The plantors fear an emigration of their colored iaborers to the large towns, where more lucrative employment cap be had, and on failing in this employment they antici pate that the negro will become a vagrant and rely upon tho State'for support. accordingly they urge that an not of Congress should be passed to permit the cotton growing States to make such laws as will compel the ne- grees to work for stipulated wages and for stated Tongths of time, Our Jackson correspondent states that the candidates who advocate this course will undoubt- ‘edly be elected, and that no man who argued against it ‘would have the slightest chance in the Mate, There is absolutely no discussion on the suffrage question. The footing is so strong against it that no one ventures to ‘arguo per cmtra. Tho editor of the Mississippian, who asnggestod that the Legislature was bound to admit negro ‘evidence in the law courts, met with such a storm of op. poaition that he was compelled at once to tack and cat bis own words. Reports are very prevalent of eruelties practised on froedmen by their former masters wherever the military are withdrawn. + ‘Tho North Carolina State Convention meote at Raleigh to-day. The steamship Moneka, Captain Marshman, from ‘Charleston on the 28th ultimo, arrived at a late hour last night. Tho State Convention sitting at Columbia passed the constitution with some slight amendments on the 2th wit. On the following day the convontion ad- journed, after passing resolutions complimentary to Hon. 1D. L. Wardiow, the President. By the constitution the right of voting is given to every white man of full age ‘who has beon two years a citizen of the State and who is note pauper, nar a non-commissioned officer or private soldier in the army, nor seaman or marine of the navy of tho United States. An amendment introduced by Gen- oral Conner confers the right to vote upon European im- migrants who have declared their imtention of becoming citizens of the United States two years previous to the day of oloection, and have rosided six monthe in the election district ‘Tho first olection for Governor and Lieutenant Governor ‘will be hold, in conjunction with the elections to the General Assombly,.on the third Wednesday of the pre. @ont month. A request was signed by all the members of tae convention to induce Colonel James L. Orr to an- ‘moans bimsel{ ae a candidate General Baker, the gevernmont detective, has un- postmen: Fie ty 1 aie amount of government funds from the Post feer’a fo at Lynchburg. No less a personage than Brig- gtior Genéral J. 0. Briscoe, of the One Hundred and [Mind Menneyivania Volunteors, who has commanded ooret was confided, giving information to the govern- ment, Briscoe himself togk the impression of the safo key in wax, and sent Lackey to Philadelphia to gst the duplicate made. When the day came for carrying out ihe scheme, detectives were on the watch. They saw Briseoe unlock the safe, load himself down with coin and greenbacks ; they followed him to his office, and ar- rested him in the very act of counting his ill-gotten vooty, ‘AS an appendix to the list of the rebel bondholders in high places in England, the list of members who com- posed the Southern Independence Association will be read with considerable interest. Fourteen members of the British Parliament joined the society and half of them contributed to the funds, Six members of the House of Lords were also in the pot, and the irrepressible Beresford Hope appears’ to have conducted the cor- respondence, backed up by W. S. Lindsay and Robert Bourke, a less known rebel sympathizer, Further details have been received respecting the war in South America. The Paraguayans were actively pushing forward, while their opponents, the allied forces, remained motionless, but concentrated, at Con- cordia, waiting the attack. The Brazilian fleet on the Parana river had commenced a retrograde movement, fearing that the Paraguayans would construct batteries below, so as to gain command of the river. The magni- tude which this struggle is assuming may be estimated from the fact that at the date of our latest advices there were 113,000 men under arms, of. whom 56,000 were Paraguayans and 57,000 allies, Three American vessols were injured during the late gale off Montevideo, the bark Edith Ross losing three sailors. Sonor Arroyo, Maximilian’s Consul in New York, has forwarded to us for publication, apropos of the projected Juarez loan, a proclamation, the gist of which is that the imperial government of Mexico repudiate President Juarez and all his deeds, and of course will not hold thomselves reeponsibte for his contracts. The coal miners’ strike in the Lackawana valley has come to an end. Through this fortunate occurrence some twelve or thirteen thousand tons will be added to the daily coal supply, and the exorbitant prices which have recently prevailed must of course come down. The Nashville municipal election on Friday resulted in the eloction of Brown for Mayor by a majority of four hundred and seventy-five over Hunt. The Richmond, Va., Commercial Bulletin has been sup- pressed by General Terry for an article grossly reflecting upon the etiquette of the White House and President Johnson's visitors. On Friday last the Missouri Pacific Railroad was opened and the first through train from St. Louis reached Kansas City, Mo., having on board a party of distin- guished railroad notabilities. The inefficiency of the postal service between the United States and Canada is giving rise to loud com- plaints on both sides of the border. The Rochester Union states that it takes just twice as long to get a letter from Rochester to Canada as to receive one, and the Toronto Globe asserts that while a newspaper goes from New York to Toronto in twenty-four hours a letter is gon- erally forty-eight hours on the journey. The upper works, engine and engine house, and other improvements of the shaft on the Northern I'linois Coal and Iron Company, located at La Salle, Illinois, were all dostroyed by fire on the night of the 27th ult, The loss is from soventy-five thousand to one hundred thousand dollars, besides which hundreds of men are thrown out | of employment. General Butler hada long interview with the Presideut yesterday. The steamship Morning Star, Captain Nelson, from New Orleans on the morning of the 234 ultimo, arrived at this port last.night. We are indebted to Purser Fuller for the prompt delivery of our files and despatches, Additional affidavits filed at the Jefferson Market Police Court on Saturday with regard to the recent fraud on the Chemical Bank in this city point to the conclusion that the signature to the draft was forged by Ed. Lee, and that the passing of the check was managed between Lee and D. L. Pomeroy. These assertions rest on the evidence of a man named Andrews, himself a prisoner, at Boston, Massachusetts, who says that Lee confessed the facts to him in a Broadway billiard saloon. On Saturday night a number of Italians quarrelled in a dance house in Cherry street, and a free fight ensued, in which two men were stabbed, one dangerously. A similar affray occurred in a Yorkville porterhouse the same night, with results even moro sorious. A party of rowdies fell out over their cards, knives were drawn, and Daniel Danahea was stabbed in the forehead and killed. The inquest, held yesterday, resulted in the committal of Daniel Wall as principal in the crime and Jeremiah O'Keefe as accessory. Alabama and South Carolina—Their Werk of Reconstruction—The Negro Dimficulty. The South Carolina reconstruction State Con- vention adjourned sine die on the 28th ult, after a harmonious session of fifteen days. They repealed the ordinance of secession of 1860, they declared slavery abolished and in- terdicted, they equalized representation and taxation, they took the election of Governor and Presidential electors from the Legislature and turned it over to the people, where the right belongs, and they directed a commission to submit a code to the Legislature (which is to be elected on the 18th and is to meet in extra session on the 25th of October) for the protec- tion of the colored population. This is good work for South Carolina; and there is every reason to believe, from the “happy accord” existing between President Johnson and Gov- ernor Perry, and between the Governor and the people of the State, that the Legislature will make up a code in relation to the blacks which will run the gauntlet of the new Congress. The Alabama Convention, having finished the work deemed necessary at its hands, ad- journed sine die on the 30th ult., having passed an ordinance declaring secession null and void, and all the debts of the rebellion, and forbidding the Legislature to recognize or pay those debts or any part thereof; and having, in the most positive terms, recognized the abo- lition of slavery and interdicted its restoration. But it is also reported that on the day before its final adjournment this convention, by a vote of 59 to 16, passed an ordinance “which practically abolishes the right of admission of negro testimony in courts of justice in all dif- ficulties arising between negroes themselves or between whites and nogroes;” and this ex- clusion, it appears, “is to continue until the adjournment of the next Legislature,” to which body is given the privilege of perfecting the “organic law of Alabama.” Thus, in South Carolina and in Alabama, the difficult business of a new code in reference to the blacks hns been passed over to the Legis- lature. The same course was pursued, if we are not mistaken, in the late Mississippi Con- vention, and even in the Tennessee reorganiz- ing convention, under the auspices of President Lincoln’s Provisional Governor, Andy John- son. So far, in not single instance has any step been taken in any of these recent recon- structing conventions towards the concession of negro suffrage. They have all followed the examples of Louisiana and Tennessee, which were approved by President Lincoln. Since the complete collapse of the rebellion, however, the necessity of some concessions of civil and political rights to the four millions of emanci- pated Southern blacks is presented in bolder relief; and it becomes the duty of the respon- sible Southern whites to look into this important business under the light of things as they are, and not of things as they were. Appreciating the advantages of the earliest possible restoration of the lato rebel States to 8 full communion in the affairs of the general government, we concur in the wisdom of postponement of the difficult question of South- ern negro suffrage to @ more convenient season. The questions of bread, of labor and compen- sation call more urgently for action in tho South just now than any other questions; and to secure harmony, system and security between labor and compensation organized and recog- nized State governments are necessary. We think it probable, too, that if in other respects the submissive Southern States shall present themselves at Washington in December in a satisfactory shape they may be suc- cessful in getting into Congress with- out the concession of negro suffrage. We think so because of the popularity through all the North of President Johnson’s generous and conciliatory Southern policy. But while the postponement of the question of the negro’s political rights may be carried through Congress by the President on the ground of more urgent considerations, we ap- prehend that the withholding of all civil rights from the emancipated blacks will meet with an obstruction in the President himself, What does Alabama, for instance, propose to do with her liberated blacks, constituting, as they do, more than halfher present population, if they are to be denied the privilege of “testifying in courts of justice in all difficulties arising be- tween negroes themselves, or between whites and negroes?’ We know that, for the present, the freedmen’s bureaus or the nearest federal military commander or provost marshal relieves the civil courts of the South of all judicial trials in which negroes are concerned, and in which negro testimony is regarded as admissible and proper by the general government; but this relief is given doubtless under the impression that it will serve to guide the States concerned in their true policy. We would suggest to the Provisional Gover- nor of Alabama, for the information of his own State and of every other State similarly inter- ested in this subject, the expediency and pro- priety of soliciting the special advice of Presi- dent Johnson. We have no doubt that this proceeding on the part of Governor Parsons will save him, his State and all concerned a world of trouble on this important matter of the negro’s civil rights under the new law of universal liberty. Our Rivals—St. Lou: rect Tra Boston and St. Louis are simultaneously agi- tated on the subject of “direct trade”—by which they mean trade that goes around this city, or manages in some way not to go through it. The St. Louis Democrat has just heard of a cargo of sal soda that is to come all the way from Liverpool to St. Louis in a single steamer, and so, expecting to be pretty well off for soap when this cargo arrives, it constructs in its mind’s eye, Horatio, a beautiful edifice of direct trade by which St, Louis is to do without the com- mercial metropolis of the country. Never betore was a single cargo of soda responsible for s0 much effervescence or such @ lather. St, Louis is to be relieved straightway of “the heavy tribute she has been paying to New York”—the cost of the freight from Liverpool to St. Louis will only be the same as from New York to St. Louis—and from this start the Western city is henceforth to be brought “more directly in contact with foreign markets,” and to “compete advantageously for the Western and Southern trades.” What a perfect cloud of beautiful little bubbles out of a single para- graph founded on sal soda! The Democrat should have gotten Nicholas Quince to make a ballad about it. i] The Boston Traveller builds the Boston direct | trade on a basis less soluble than soda. It goes into brimstone and oats, hemp and hogs, hides and mackerel, corn, coal, flour, oate, cotton and coffee. It tells its readers how many ships it would take to carry the good things that go to Boston and are not printed in the Adlantic— fifty-five hundred ships to carry the flour and coal, five hundred for the corn, three hundred barks and brigs for the molasses, and so on. It spreads the thing out to make the most of it very nicely—like a little girl who is not con- tent with telling other little girls she has got a box of toys, but strings them out in a row, one by one, to show how many there are. Then the Traveller tells us what its hapes are for the next year; how many bales of cotton Boston will get, how many cases of indigo, and how much saltpetre. It goes on, like the merchant of Bagdad, who, when he sold his basket of eggs, wasto begin a business that would make him so rich he would marry the Sultan’s daughter. The hopes of the Traveller go equally far, and it hopes at last to see “the proud commercial position of Boston again secured.” But it urges that if that position is | to be secured Boston trade must not be done by way of New York—that it must be direct— that the establishment here of agencies of | Boston houses is suicidal; and it presses the | Boston merchants to give up their branch | houses here lest it “may be too late to arrest | the currents of trade,” which are likely to { leave Boston altogether. We hear this nonsense repeated from differ- ent quarters, every now and then, trom the whole catalogue of the smaller cities. All dream of a commercial importance to rival that of this city, and to grow from a direct trade with foreign ports. Philadelphia has the madness periodically, and before the war the Southern cities used to have terrible at- tacks. New York stands all this rivalry very well. Her geographical position and other natural advantages gave her an admirable start, and now her commercial, financial and intellectual supremacy is so well established that the practical men of other cities wisely admit it, and take advantage of the fact in their business. No sooner is the war over than the whole business South flocks hither to take afresh start in life—to rebuild the railroads and even the cities—to get the money and the men. Boston men, not content to rot with their codfish on Long wharf, come here to drive their fortunes. They establish, as the Traveller says, “branches;” but while the main estab- lishment makes ten thousand a year the branch makes a million, and Boston may be sure that whatever her merchants abandon it will not be the “branches.” And as for that load of sal sods on ite way to St. Louis, the merchants who walt for it and expect to save some pennies on the freight will doubtless open their eyes to see their neighbors get three cargoes from New York in the same time, and making ten or twenty per cent leas profit, still make twice as much money. It is a great pity, but the world won't wait for St. Louis, nor even for Boston, respectable though they be: id Boston—“Di- ‘The New York Herald and the Theatri- cal Managers. Two or three of the papers have stated that some of the theatrical managers of this city have withdrawn their advertisements from the ‘Hgrap in consequence of our refusal to admit to our columns the advertisements of two of their number. This isa matter of very little consequence to us orto the public. The mana- gers have the same right to take away their ad- vertisements as they have to bring them to this office. The only point about the affair that can at all interest our readers is the attempt of the theatrical managers to interfere with our busi- ness and to dictate to us what we shall or shall not publish. Of course we could mot entertain the idea of submitting te any such imperti- nence. We have always been ready to correct any individual grievance from whici the mana- gers might suffer; but when they come to us as ‘an association to force us to do as they like, in- stead of doing as we like, in our own business and in the interest of the public, there is only one course for us to pursue. We should have been perfectly content to have their advertise- ments withdrawn and nothing said about it; for we omit every day, for want of room, more ad- vertisements than would fill the space the managers occupy. But as it is evident that this affair is to be the subject of gossip we take the trouble to mention the matter. For some time past we have thought proper to exclude the advertisements of the Opera and the American Museum from the Henarp, Every one understands why we excluded those of the Opera. Asfor the Museum advertise- ment, that comes under a general rule. We are obliged every day to refuse publication to notices of quacks and charlatans, The directors of the Opera and the Museum, having their own tails thus cut off, proceeded, like the fox in the fable, to induce the other managers to submit.to the same painful operation. ‘fhe other foxes in the fable were’ wise and kept their tails; but the associated managers of this city were foolish, and held a secret meeting, at which a committee was appointed to wait upon us, We received the committee. We ascer- tained that they were the representatives of the associated theatrical managers of New York, and also that, a year or so ago, some of the managers of this city had leagued themselves together to keep down the wages of the musi- cians in their orchestras and the employes in their theatres, and, in other words, to secure cheap pertormers and cheap fiddlers—the ad- vantage of the association being that no poor employe could leave one manager and engage with another in order to better his conditior, during the season, except with his employer’s permission. Very naturally, as we did not fiddle in any orchestra, and were not employed in any theatre, we did not see what the associa- tion had to do with us. This being an un- answerable mode of putting the case, we con- eluded to let the managers mind their own business and leave us to attend to ours; and so dismissed the affair. Whereupon, as we are in- formed, a number of the managers have with- drawn their advertisements from our columns. This matter is of so little consequence to us, and we care so little about it, that we should not have referred to it had it not been men- tioned elsewhere; and we do not desire, new that we have referred to it, to speculate as to what will be the results of the silly conduct of the managers who are engaged in it. Those who do not belong to the association of foxes without tails will profit by this foolishness of their rivals in business, and in any event the Henao will be the gainer by this novel move- ment. But without inquiring too minutely as to results, we shall be satisfied it one conse- quence of the affair is a reformation in the tone of theatrical criticism in this city. We want to see all the papers independent and all the theatres independent, and no truckling by the one to the other. The criticisms of the press ought noslonger to be mere Bohemian puffery; but they ought to be strictly and severely just. Let them be so and they will be respected, and what they say will be conscientiously observed by the managers and the actors. Hitherto the press has been too lenient, and the Bohemian puffers have given the managers too low an opinion of the gentlemen with whom they will have to deal, now that exftaordinary attention is attracted towards their performances. We hope that, in future, the press will never err upon the side of too much charity. The public are ready to support the critics in such a re- form, and if some of them are not ready they must be educated up to the proper standard. Let us accomplish this radical change in Ameri- can criticism, and we sball feel that we have done both the managers and the public an in- estimable service. It is in this spirit of benev- olence that we have alluded to this matter, and in the same spirit we shall undertake the theatrical reformation. Retory or Tae Forsran Caprrausts—Sir Morton Peto and party have returned to this eity after their rapid but extended tour through the West. In every prominent place on their route they were entertained by the public authori- ties, Boards of Trade and prominent citizens No party of tourists has ever before visited our country with more praiseworthy motives, nor has any other similar party been more cor- dially welcomed. The result of their observa- tions, we are glad to hear, is favorable to a still more liberal employment of foreign capi- tal in our public improvements than that hitherto bestowed. Among the gratifying results of their visit will be the Inying of # double track on the Erie RaHroad from this city to the junction with the Atlantic and Great Western road at Salamanca; the shortening of the distance on the Erie road about seventy miles; the building of the railroad bridge aoross the Niagara, near Buffalo—a stracture that will cost some five millions of dollars—and the extension of the branches of the Atlantic and Great Western road from all the principal points where the main track is laid. These en- terprises will involve the expenditure of per- haps a bundred millions of dollars, without taking into consideration the real design of these European capitalists, viz: the shortening of the route to the East Indies by a grand rail- way across the American continent. The object of these foreign gentlemen in visiting our coun- try and examining our system of internal im- provements has not been more happily realized in witnessing our physical resources than in ob- serving the anion, harmony, prosperity and pro- grossivencss our people have everywhere dis- played in the course of thair route. The latter fact will go as far toward establishing American credit and credit for European enterprises on American soil a9 anything else that could have been brought to the attention of these | wishes to retain the slightest reputation ass intelligent touriate. s We hope tho cordiality of the reception of Sir Morton Peto, Mr. James McHenry, Mr. Kennard, Mr. Lillo and the other gentlemen compesing this distinguished corps of observa- tion will not be lost upon other capitalists im Europe who desire brilliant opportunities for the investment of their surplus cash. Assassination of the President of San Salvador. The last mail from Central America brings us the detuils of an act of savagery which has scarcely a parallel in the history of the wretched politics of that country. This is the murder of ex-President Barrios, of San Salva- dor, by the usurper Duefiag, lately foisted upon the people of that State, after a heroic resist- anee, by the intervention of am army from Guatemala, led by the notoriows Carrera. Barrios was the friend and disciple of the great liberal leader Morazan, almost the only man: Central America has produced with any sound pretensions as a statesmam or soldier, and who, to the utter disgrace of Costa Rica, was treitorously shot in her capital, in the year 1842, by the same reactionary and priestly party which has now brought the next best man the-country has produced to.am untimely and bloody grave. For many years: General Barrios has been the only liberal, intelligent or principled man among the nameless and ephemeral: chieftains that have ruled, under whatever name, over the petty Central Ameri- can States. Free from that distrust and hatred ot foreigners, which is alike the characteristic and curse of Spanish Americans, with ideas expanded by travel and long residence in this country and in Europe, among the most ad- vanced men of his time in republican ideas, energetic and persevering, he had. made San Salvador, although the smallest, the most en- terprising and prosperous of the Central Ameri- can States. With but a third of the popula- tion of the bigoted State of Guatemala, in which the opposite ideas:and policy: prevailed, he made San Salvador the first in: commerce and, productive industry. He opened ports, built roads, and abolished many of the burdens imposed by the Church, thereby, of course, enlisting against himself- the animosity of the priests and of Rome. Thoroughly American in: sentiment, he carried with him the sympathies of his State in behalf of the United States, during the late great struggle, and from his central geographi- cal position defoated the scheme, originating among the foreign emissaries and the soi-disant aristocracy of Guatemala, to effect the incor- poration of Central America in the Franco- Austriaco’ empire of Mexico. The French agent who came to his Capitol to bring him over to the scheme was peremptorily ordered out of the State within forty-eight hours. The discomfitted envoy returned to Guate- mala, and, with his adherents, profiting by the personal hostility of the Indian dictator of that State to Barrios, excited him to march on San Salvador. He did #o, but was mot at Santa Ana and routed. After the lapse of a few months—some time during the summer of 1863—Carrera renewed the attempt, and owing to the treachery of one of the Salvadoran gene- rals, succeeded in dispersing most of the Sal- vadoran army, which fell back on the capital, where it sustained a long and destructive siege. On the capture of the city the barbarous Car- rera, of whom the existing so-called President of Salvador is the creature, his native ferocity stimulated by him, disregarding alike the rules ot war and the dictates of humanity, ordered Barrios’ minister of war and such other officers as could be fpund to be shot in.cold blood. ‘Bar- rios was hunted from place to place, and such of his followers as were taken or who surrendered were also shot without mercy. He himself escaped, through the exertions of the wife of the American Consul in La Union, on-board of an American vessel-of-war. Carrera at once installed his creature Duefiasas President of the State, where he has since been maintained by Guatemalan bayonets, in. hostility to the well known wishes of the people. General Barrios retired to Panama, and thence to New York, where he resided, gaining the esteem and good will of all he met, until in December Inst he returned to Central America, taking up his residence. in Costa Rica. Guatemala backed up Duefias, his usurping successor, to demand his expulsion; but the plucky little State refused to deny his right of asylum, whereupon they declared non-inter- course with her, permitting neither persons, letters or merchandise from Costa Rica to enter their porta, After some months, unwilling fur ther to embarrass the people who maintained their right to extend hospitality te whom they pleased, he retired voluntarily to Panama. Here, in June, he was advised of a forcible movement to drive the Guatemalan satrap from power, which at one time extended over more than half the State, under the leadership of General Cabafias, one of the oldest and most honored Salvadorefios. He was called upon to return, but on arriving off the coast heard that Duefias and his auxiliaries had put down what their sympathizers try to stigmatize as a rebel- lion, and he at once undertook to retrace his path to Panama. The vessel in which he was passenger was struck by lightning, and, in dis- tress, driven into the port of Realejo, Nicara~ gua, Here the present reactionary govern- ment of that State, acting under the influence of the Guatemalan minister, seized on the vessel, although under the American flag, on the pretence that her papers were irregular, took Barrios prisoner, and on the demand of Duefias delivered him into his hands, not, how- ever, without going through the hypocritical form of exacting a promise that his life should be respected. Of course the wretched Duefias lost no time in having the General tried by a court mar- tial, on what charge does not appear, and shot without delay. He was condemned on the night of the 28th of August, and executed in the morning. Duefins trasted nothing to ehance. He dreaded what 2 day might bring forth, in case the danger in which their President was placed should become known among the people. How distrustful he was on this point appears ftom the fact that, fearing a rescue, he sent a thousand of hie. auxiliaries to escort the prisoner from the post of La Libertad to the capital, over a road ranning through 9 district absolutely withant inhabitants! He probably reads his fate in the circumstance that the Guatemalan minister in Nicaragua, who was instrumental in securing the surrender of General Barrios, Was shot on the very night when the fact beos:ne known. ontral America owes it to bornalt, if she civilized country, by some great end signal act of atonement to wipe out this last and darkest blot om her name. If Nicaragua acted in good faith im her stipulations with Duefias when sur- rendering Barrios, she cannot eseape demand- ing his ummediate relinquishment of power. She cannot expect to live in harmony with a government which so flagrantly violates its engagements. It will beeome the United States to inquire of Nicaragua the circumstances of her capture of the American vessel in which General Barrios was a passenger, and it will only be proper for our government to reconsider—what we are astonished. should ever have been af- forded—its recognition of the usurping goverm- ment of Duefias. It ill becomes this-countey to countenance.assaasins like him. The moral- ity of the age and the common sentiment of mankind.revolts at atrocities like the needless and cold-blooded murder of an able, honored and lawful head of # State, who happen te have the misfortune to fall within the power of ® temporarily successfsh rebel and usurper. Salvador will,.no doubt, sooner or later vindi- cate her character, and the memory of her. wor- thiest son and benefactor, by summarily’ and finally expelling the ex-friar Duefias front power. ‘ German Ensoration.—A’ wonderful: stimalus: has been imparted to emigration from Ger- many since the close of the war. It appears. that the facilities for transporting to this:coun~ try the numberof people who. are attracted hither by the prosperous future in store for the United States is entirely inadequate to the de- mand. We learn from our Berlin.correspondent. that two new steamers are being built in:'Glas~ gow for the Bremen.Lloyd’s line:to New York, which will make seven large steam vessels on: this line.. The Hamburg and: New York Com- pany will in future run: one: of. their seven steamers regularly each week. The competi- tion between these direct German. lines and tlie Southampton steamers has resulted in a consi- derable reduetion of fare on both lines, From all the projects now gn contemplation it would appear that the tonnage of steam-vessels ply- ing between the United States and Europe will soon amount to a million of tons... The emigration of Germans. will prove: s great benefit to this country in. the present crisis, They are just the class of people to take hold of the Southern plantations and cul- tivate them to the highest point. With this kind of: labor in the Southern States, together with the improvements in machinery, we should not be: surprised to seo an increase in the amount of cotton raised of fully one-third over that produced by slave labor and hand work in the field. Tue Juarez Mexican Loay.—We publish toe day a.decree from the headquarters of impe- rialism:in Mexico, which is intended:as a warn- ing to parties against lending money to the republican. government of President Juarez. We do:not pretend to know much: about the Mexioan loan, or whetber. there is.any such thing being negotiated at all;, but we are. very, certain that this decree, issued. here by Senor Louis de Arroyo, will not much affect it. It is like the rebel government cautioning the people: of Eufope against lending money to the United States—an. illegitimate government warning the public against trusting a legiti- mate one. News from Temnessee.. MUNICIPAL BLECTION IN NASHVILLE—THE MATORe ALTY OF COLUMBIA—MEETING QF THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY, BTC. Nasuveiaa, Sept. 30, 1865, The vote for.city officers to-day resulted in.the electio&. of Mr, Brown as Mayor by a majority of 475. votes over his next leading competitor, F. 0. Hunt, The total.vote of the city was 2,832. The election passed.off with unle versal. igh 5 Nasuvaa, Ooh 14.1866. W. J. Andrews, Mayor of Celumbia, who was sum pended some months ago, by order of the military com> mander, General Johnson, resigned his civil functions om Monday last, thus affording the municipal.board:oppor- tunity to reorganize by the re-election of Mr. J. W. Walket as Mayor. The board then olected W. J. Andrews. to fill the vacancy in the board caused ‘by, the election of bir. Walker: The General Assembly of Tennessee convenes on Mom day, October 2. Many members are already in.thecity. Broapway TaxaTae.—Madamo Coleste, whose: carced at this house bas been one of great and deserved. success: for the-past week, will close her engagement with the performance of the next six nights. Hor representation of the French Spy astonished and delighted those whe tomember ber in the carly days of. her. dramatic suc- chases, by the freshness, graco and elegance which.she still manifests in all her movements. Of ail theaetresses. in her line Celeste has perhaps lost less of the charms of her youth. Her acting, 11 pantomitne: especially, pre- serves all the attractions with which she was wont to win.and retain admirers. Her efforts in characters some- what new to ber, such as in the play of the Woman, im Red, prove that she ise really a clever actress. im logiti~ mate drama. She resumes tho part of the Woman.im Red to-morrow, Wednesday and Thuraday-evenings, and plays the French Spy for the last timo to-night, HirrotmmatRon.—The matinées at this: establishmemt are the most successful things of the kind that have heea given. That on Saturday was as crowded as any of the evening performances siuce the commencement of the season. They are a great convgpience to families, especially to those residing a short from, town. ‘The class of entertainments given is just. that whieh hag most attraction for children, but tho: diffloulty imtaking them to such places hes been that it has kept tiem toa late from theirbeds, The matinées obviate this objec- tion, and accordingly. we find parents aad, teagiers pro-) fiting largely by thom. Itisa great resquree for those who wish to stimulate the studies of thas who are placed under their ebarge. Toxy Paston’s Grera House.—The: Rast. end has te peculiar tastes in. dramatic and, opemtia,’ art, and the people of that region—which equals at deast, if it does not exceed, any other district of thacity im the number of its theatrical visitants—would So/out of their elemont in many of the Broadway establishments, whore fixsd rules of etiquette, hackneyed olé playr amd flat new once, often represented by worn.out stock. companies, would be but smalbattraction to thom. They want something hearty, gonial, racy, and, abowe. all, varied in its charac- ter, such ag they find, and evidently appreciate, at Tony Pastor's Opera House, in the Bowery: The drama, whe- ther legitimate. or, absurdly semsational, sush as the theatres. produce, is not the kind of porformance best suited far-the clase who frequont the Bowery, establish monte, They require something eungenial to their own naturea, whic love mirth im ite broadest phases and paseon, delivented by its stromgest dramatic agencies. The. patrons of Bowery amusements have little tirse, for sentimeat, but just enough time for fam and/that relief from the exacting obligations Of every- day life which an esteblishment like that of Tony Bastor’s affords them, Variety, abowe all things, is a necessity with this clase They taust have histrionie art, and music, aad the Dallet combined, in order to spend profitahiy, for they have ueither the Sooore sore to them ia any ether way. Tt ts by this com! Tong, hee observed and the 2, i