The New York Herald Newspaper, July 3, 1865, Page 6

2. NEW YORK HERALD. JAMES GORDON BENSETT, EDITOR AND PROPRIETOR, @rrvok X. W. CORNER OF FULTON AND NASSAU STS SSS AMUSEMENTS THIS EVENING. wa. GARDEN, Broadway.—Tus Wire, 4 Taz oF WALLAOK’S THEATRE. Broadway.—Ouivar Twist. NEW BOWERY THBA’ oe! - ‘TRE, Bowery.—Two Hignwayr- OLYMPIC THEATRE, Broadway.—Jzssiz Brows, wnnngaeae, THEATRE, Broadway.—Tax Ancu. oF NIBLO'S GARDEN, Broadway.—Paxouon. eee we open Day and Evening. Bee pee MINERS Mechanics’ Hall, 472 Broad- Pes a ‘WOOD'S MINSTREL HALL, 514 Broadway.—Eraioriay ‘Sones. Dances, 40.—Tax Mea amp His Men. bat HELLER’S HALL, 585 Broadway.—Saw Franorsco Mrn- Smiaina, Dasora, 2o.—Tux Wine SeLiae HOOLBY’S HALL, 201 Bowery.—Sam Smanpuer's Mur- ee Temes Conmar—Canmvan or Fox—RicuaRrp AMEBICAN THBAT! Bo, 444 Broadway.—Racusrs, Pawroumes, se eae ae Scout ov tax Potomac. NEW YORK MUSEUM OF ANATOMY, 618 Broadway.— ‘Open from 10 A. M. tll 10 P. M. Now York, Monda: July 3, 1865. THE SITUATION. Prosident Johnson's condition was considered worse yesterday than it has been at any previous time since his present illness, though he was believed not to bo in im- modiato danger. ‘To-morrow, which completes the cighty-ninth year of our national existence, will be celebrated in the me- tropolis and the surrounding cities, as well ag @broughout the country, as the republic's birthday thas nover yet been celebrated. Heretofore we havo glorified our nation’s birth, existence, freedom and prosperity ; but on this Fourth of July we will rejoice, in ‘@ddition, over its salvation and increased power, after a desperate four years’ struggle. trations and enthusiasm will be on a scale increased ‘over those of previous years in proportion to the mag- ‘mificence and importance of the late war's results. In this city the morning will open amidst ringing ef bells, booming of cannon and waving flags, and oon ajiter the ‘will commence moving. The day will be observed ina variety of appropriate ways by numerous associations, and the quantity of powder exploded will nadoubt be gomething unprecedented. There will also, of course, eva large number of excursions to convenient rural resorts, and those of the Heratn’s readers desirous of celebrating the day in this manner, 2s well as in other modes, can make their selections by referring to our advertising coiumne. The State Department in Washington has received the official communication from General La Marmora, the Italian Prime Minister, to our Minister in Italy, giving motice of the formal rescindment by the government of King Victor Emanuel of the order according belligerent rights to our Southern rebels, and of the restoration to our national vessels of all the privileges accorded to those of other Powers. Everywhere the demon- military procession We have already announced tho breaking up of the Army of the Potomac, the retirement from its command of General Meade, and the consolidation of the troops thereof still remaining in the service into a provisional corps, numbering some sixteen thousand men. An ad- ditional order of Genoral Meade regarding this reorgani- zation is published. The remnant of the army is to be formed into three divisions, which will be under Major General Wright, late commander of the Sixth corps, and will be stationed for the summer on the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, west of the Monocacy river. Some light is thrown upon the hitherto secret history Of the {nitial proceedings of Jeff, Davis’ Southern con- federacy by General Wilson's recent capture in” Georgia of documents and archives containing a record of the pro- ceedings of the rebel provisional government at Mont- gomery, Aldbama. “They show that tho rebels lost no ‘time, “when onco they got fairly at work, in organizing their provisional gov- ernment, which they had in fall operation in less than five weoks from the assembling of their “ national’ eongress or convention. In the work of framing their constitution tne documents show they had considerable tinker'ng and discursion. There was @ wirovg feeling in favor of naming their Southern estatlistiment the “Repablic of Washington,” ‘which ‘was only defeated by & majority of one vote im: favor of the title ‘Confederate States of America.” There were long debates over propositions to énsort ¢n the preamble of the constitution a recognition of the divinity of both the Old and New Testaments of the Bitte, and in the body thereof a provision enforcing ‘the obeervance of the @bristian Sabbath. The formor is ‘undorstood to have-been voted down out of respect to Judah P’. Bonjamin, and the latter in deference to the ‘wishes of the people of Louisiana and Texas, Many other curious disclosures, besides those noticed, are mado by these documents. ‘The following discharged troops arrived in the city yes- torday:—Tho Sixth New York artiliery, about seven hundred men; the Naval Brigade, or Thirteenth Now York artillery, six hundred wen; the Fifty-ninth New York infantry, the Nineteenth and Twenty-olghth and a detachment of the Second Massachusetts infantry, the First Massachusetts cavairy and the Fifth New Hamp- shire infantry, The Sixty-ninth New York infantry, the advance of the Irish Brigade, arrived at an early hour this morning, EUROPEAN NEWS. ‘Tho steamship America arrived at this port yesterday with Guropean advices to the 21vt ult., three days later than those previously received. ~ The Paria Patrie repeats, probably on no better author- ity, the statement originally made by the Memorial Diplomatique and the London Owl, that Great Britain dootined to entertain tho question of compensation for the rebel pirate Alabama's depredations. ‘Tho torms of the Canadian agreement had hgen laid before Parliament, Mr. Disraeli, the opposition leader, fought to raiso o discussion on the subject; but the goverument avoided the question. ‘Tho negotiations between the Pope and Victor Rmanuel fare said to have been broken off on the quostion of the Dishops taking the oath of allegiance to the King. ‘Tho Prussian King’s specch from the throne, as read by Horr Vou Bismark at the diseolution of the Chamber of Doputies on the 17th ult., proves to have been a re- markable document. The King roundly. rates bis eub- focts for refusing pass the badeet and his war expendi- ture, and assured the Deputics almost in so many words of his intention to govern the country without them. The Emperor of Russia had been speaking plainly to hia Polish subjects. Ho warned them against -vain @ecemss, and assured them that the present Czarowiteh (wap Worthy to succeed to the throne aud would follow (out tay fathor's policy. hed broken ont in Eaypt, and quaraoting regulations had accordingly been adopted by severn! European Powers. * - United States five-twenty bonds, together with other American securities, had again sdvanced considerably. ‘Pive-twenties were quoted on the Zist et T1%« 11%. British consols closed at 9034 a 903¢. MISCELLANEOUS NEWS. ‘The government supply steamer Fort Morgan, if com- mand of Acting Lieutenant Commander Eaton, from Matagorda, Texas, by way of New ‘Orleans, Mobile, Pen- sacola, Key West and Fortress Monroe, arrived in this port yesterday afternoon. ‘The naval steamer Owasco, Lieutenant C ommander ‘Abbot, from Sabine Pas, Texas, on the 10th ult, via Pensacola on the 22d, also arrived here yesterday. ‘The steamship Chase, Captain Rogora, from Savannah ‘on the 29th ult., arrived in this port last night. Nothing ‘of great importance had transpired in the Department of the South since the date of previous advices. A condensed but interesting history of the island of ‘Hispaniola, St. Domingo or Hayti, as it bas been succes- sively denominated, and especiaily that portion of it now forming the republic of St. Domingo, from its dis- covery by Columbus, in 1492, fp to the present time, is given in the despatch of one of our Havana correspond. ents published in this morning’s Hunaup. ‘The National Democratic Association have issued from ‘Washington an address to the democracy of the country, urging them to rally to the support of President Johnson. The Young Mon’s Christian Association have with- drawn from their arrangements for the purchase of Ford’s theatre, in Washington, and it is reported that tho building will shortly be again opened for thoatrical purposes. ‘The interesting ceremony of ordaining young men to the ministry took place yesterday in the Memorial Pro- testant Episcopal church in Hammond street (Bishop Wainwright's), at which the venerable Bishop Potter officiated, assisted by a number of other clergymen. ‘The applicants for admission into holy orders were atu- dents of the Theological Seminary in Twonticth street. A very large congregation assembled on the occasion, and the ceremonies were very impressive, the exhortation being delivered by Rey. Edwin R. T. Cook, after which the Bishop, taying his hands on the heads of the kneel- ing neophytes, consecrated them to the ministry accord- ing to the ritual of the Protestant Episcopal church. ‘An address was delivered last evening in the Twenty- eighth street Baptist church on the condition of the freedmen, by W. Howard Day. He treated the subject in a masterly way, pointing out the manner of reme- dying the evils under which the colored man is laboring. Yesterday, the festival of St. Peter and St, Paul, was celebrated with more than the ordinary ceremonies at the Catholic church of St. Paul the Apostle, in Fifty- ninth street. Archbishop McCloskey and a number of other distinguished clergymen ware present. The ger. mon was preached by Rev. Dr. McQuade, President of Seton Hall, South Orange, N. J. The music on the ‘occasion was of a superior order. A fire, the origin of which is unknown, broke out be- tween ten and eleven o'clock last night in the upper floor of the hoopskirt factory 95 and 97 Chambers street, and extended to the floor below, destroying property, in stock and building, to the oxtent of about thirty thousand dol- lars. ‘The following commitments among others were made by the police magistrates yesterday :—William Sherman, proprietor of the Sherman Cottago, in Bleecker street, near the Bowery, and eight other males and oight fo- mates found inthe place, on complaint that the house is a resort of thieves and other bad characters; John Underhill, William Smith and John Stephens, aNegod “bundle thieves,”’ whose vocation is to steal parcols from errand boys, in whieh it is charged tho prisoners havo been extousively engaged; James Carroll, alias Timothy Kano, charged with being the person who some nights ago attacked Mr, Jacob Brady, of Iowa, in Loxingtoa avemue, end robbed him of-nine hundred dollars; a youth of nine- toon, named Timothy Norton, charged with picking up and retaining a pocketbook containing two hundred and fifty doliars avc'dentally dropped by Mr. James Kain, of No. 179 East Twenty-second street, and Reso Kelly, on charge of attompting to pass counterfeit moncy—a ten dollar bill on the Girard Bank of Philadelphia, and a five dollar one on the Union Bank of Troy, N. Y. The New Hampshire Legislature adjourned on last Saturday forenoon, after passing a resolution in favor of universal suffrage. Accounts continue to reach us of furious wind and rain storms at the Northwest, in the States of Ilinois, Towa, Wisconsin and Minnesota. There have been strong blows and heavy rains in our own section of country during the past two or three months, but nothimg to com. pare in destructiveness and violence with those with which the people im the States men- tioned have been visited, ‘if their telegrams and nowspaper statements are mot exaggerated. Tor- nadoes have swept over that region which it is reported have prostrated houses, trees, and everything in thoir paths, and killed and injured many persons, and on Thursday last Dabuqne, Towa, and vicinity were visited by a rain storm of unprecedented fury, accompanied by lightning the most vivid and thunder of the loudest, ‘The rain poured down in torrets for two or three hours, flooding the town and country, washing away railroad embankments, bridges, culverts, and furniture from dwellings, and doing an immense amount of other damage. The Negro Suffrage Question South—The Truc Policy of the Southern States. The great object of the late rebellion was an independent Southern confederacy, resting upon the corner stone of African slavery. It was a rebellion of the Southern slaveholding aristocracy for ihe maintenance and extension of that. “peculiar institution” from which they had derived their wealth and their social, political aud commercial power. They thus plunged into a revolutionary struggle, the issue of which, aftera year of témporizing on the part of the government, was reduced to the simple question awvhether the Union or Southern slavery should be destroyed. Upon that issue the battle has been fought out, and with the overthrow of Davis and his confederacy this Southern institution of slavery has ceased to exist. It is destroyed, and with its death, the compromises of the federal con- stiution, the laws of Congress, the black laws of the late slave States and of the free States, and all the political dogmas and ideas upon which this syétem of slavery depended, must be numbered among the things of the past. The Dred Scott interpretation of the constitu- tion from the Supreme Court, under which “the negro has no rights (political rights) which a white man is bound to respect,” goes with all this othor rubbish into the dumping ground of slavery. The slave States have passed the ordeal of a great revolution. Old things are done away among them, and all things have become new, socially and politically. Their four millions of slaves are changed to four millions of freemen. They were chattele—they now claim to be citizens. What is to be done with them? The President of the United States has turned over this question to certain specified loyal white voters in the late rebel States, in their work of reorganization. To these loyal whites belongs the task of settling this question in the revision of their several State constitutions, or in the initial measures of their new State Legis- latures. Now, looking simply at the local, social and industrial interests, and at the na- tional political interests of the Southern States, it appears as plain to us as that two and two make four, that it is the true policy of said States to concede the principle of negro suf- frage in their work of State reorganization, whatever may be the limitations prescribed. It is clearly the interest of the late rebel States to get back into Congress as soon as possible; but there is great danger of their exclusion from both houses for at least two years to come, upon this question of negro suffrage, and they may possibly fare no better in the next succeeding Congress, if they persist in the total exclusion of the black race from the ballot box. The disorganized Southern States mar thus contiage to be governed practically by 6 radical North- een majority in Congress as refractory terri- tories, and to their serious prejudice in every way, for an indefinite time to come. On the other hand by conceding the princi- ple of nogro suffrage, in addition to the Presi- dent’s requisitions, the readmission of every State now excluded from Congress is secured. The principle in question may be conceded without much difficulty. We believe that under the present law of suffrage in Massachusetts and Connecticut, all male citizens of all colors, over twenty-one years of age, who oan read and write, are admitted to the ballot box. Suppose South Carolina should adopt this law, would Massachusetts or Connecticut have any right to object? Tobe eure, the great mass of the South Carolina blacks would be thus excluded for a time; but under this regulation a wide field would be opened for enterprising Yankee echoolmasters. But the great point is this— that “human rights,” as granted in Massachu- setts, at the ballot box, will carry South Carolina, by the aid of Massachusetts votes, back again into both houses of Congress, and every other Southern State concerned. Let the responsible loyal white ‘voters of those States bear it in mind that slavery and slave codes are abolished; that their negroes are free, and that if they are’ not made the political allies of the Southern whites they will be used by their Northern political enemies, Let these things be remem- bered, we say, and the prejudices of race and caste, in this broad political view of the subject, will not be allowed to stand in the way of the restoration of the late rebel States to Congress. There are, be it also remembered, three mil- lions of these emancipated blacks in the South. In the cotton States they constitute more than one-half the population. They are now within reach of the politicians, and, if not appropri- ated by the South, they will be used by the Northern radicals, and there is no telling to what extremities the conflict upon the issue of political rights between the two races im the South may thus be carried, if once begun. The responsible Southern whites, however, may avoid all troubles in the future by taking this business into their own hands, and by making the blacks their political allies and followers. Before the Northern abolitionisis kindled the: fires of a sectional agitation of slavery, free blacks were permitted to vote in several slave States. Cave Johnson, it is said, was more than once returned to Congress from Tennessee by negro votes. It was the Northern agitation of Southern slavery that shut the door against negro suffrage in North Carolina and Tennessee, and created all those stringent slave codes and black laws‘which have since existed through- out the South. They were adopted for the pro- tecton of slavery. The same sectional agita- tions have filled the Southern mind with its ultra notions of alavery.as a Divine institution, and of the negro as beneath the smallest politi- cal privileges. But. what does all this signify now? The ter- rible revolution which has swept away this in- stitution of slavery, calls for a change in all these things. The Southern whites, in losing their absolute command over their blacks, and in having them turned loose upon the commu- nity, must vow conciliate them. In doing this, the responsible white class will act wisely in stifling this rising Northern agitation of negro suffrage by appropriating it as a Southern po- litical balance of power. The Troubles of the Canadians—The Con- federation Scheme. The mission of the Canadian delegation to England has ended, and a despatch addressed by Mr. Cardwell, the British Colonial Secretary, to Lord Monck, Governor General of Canada, places before us the result of the negotiations. Messrs. Macdonald, Cartier, Brown and Galt sailed from our western shores to seek from the government of Great Britain advice upon five cardinal points. 1. How to bring abouta confederation of the British provinces on this continent. 2. How to defend themselves in case America should feel disposed to gobble them up. 3. How to get back the Reciprocity treaty they had forfeited. 4. How to obtain possession of the Hudson Bay territory. And lastly and chiefly, how to get out of their pre- sent condition of helpless impecuniosity. To solve these difficult problems the Duke of Somerset, Earl de Gray, Mr. Gladstone and Mr. Cardwell—the chiefs of the British Navy and Army, Financial and Colonial departmenta— were calted in council. Many secret sittings were held, and long and earnest deliberations took place. The end of it is that the delegation have returned to Canada with ono or two vague promises, several more definite refusals, and the prospect of immediately and heavily increasing their present financial burdens. As to the Reciprocity treaty, the British government promises to do its best to obtain its renewal; and with regard to Hudson’s Bay, engages that if the “rights” of the Hudson’s Bay Company can be obtained by the Cana- dians, who have always been foremost in deny- ing the existence of any such rights whatever, the government will help them to complete the purchase, with an imperial guarantee. The completion of the confederation scheme is made the basis of the structure. This was done at the request of the delegates themselves, and with an obvious motive. Of the provinces which were included in the scheme two—New Branswick and Prince Edward’s Island—reso- lutely hold out against the measure. The British government, we are told, will not coerce gven the weakest of the objecting colonies into compliance with the project. The course they have taken, however, is rather a remarkable one. The Governor of New Brunswick, one of the principal opponents of the scheme, has been removed—promoted it is termed—to another sphere of labor; and confederation has been constituted the only door by which any of the British American provinces oan hope to gain access to imperial favors. This may not be coercion, but it certainly looks like it. Assurances of Canadian loyalty and British maternal affection appear to have been ex- changed with refreshing but fervor during the diplomatic deliberations ; but when the time to put these mutual assu- rances to a practical test arrived the back- bones of the diplomats stiffened considerably. The British government were asked what they were about to do in the way of fortifications. ‘They replied by pointing to the Parliamentary vote already taken for the fortification of Quebec, and there stopped short. A similar question was put to the Canadian delegates. They promised to spend a million dollars year in maintaining the militia, and at thié point they also halted. Great Britain droped a hint abauk the Wostern fortifientions. quired. At this point the negotiations on the most vital question of the whole five were abruptly broken off, and two of the delegates have returned to Canada to obtain the neces- sary sanction for a resumption of the diplo- Tous rests the Canadian imbroglio. If wo can do anything to assist our neighbors, if they will only let us know, we will willingly lend themaband The Celebration of the Glorious fourth of Jaly. In Europe every country has its patron eaint. There are St. George, St. Dennis, St. Patrick, St. Nicholas and # dozen others of more or lese renown. In this country we are too pious and too aensible to make saints of our great men. Washington, Lincoln and Grant deserve to be canonized quite as much as those persons who have been thus honored in Europe; but that is not our way of rewarding virtue. So, instead of celebrating saints’ days, we group all our worthies together and perpetuate their fame by @ grand celebration of the national birthday— the Fourth of July. The old nations of Europe have, in fact, no natal days. They drifted along from barbarism to civilization so impercepti- bly that it is now impossible to fix any definite date for their origin. It may be said of them, as Topsy said of herself, that they were never born, but jost grew up. We, on the contrary, were ushered into the world upon a new prin- ciple and with some ceremony. History care- fully recorded upon her newest and brightest tablet the day of our birth, and the anniversary will be enthusiastically celebrated until the end of time. In a letter from John Adams, announcing our declaration of independence, he predicts that the Fourth of July will always bo com- memorated by the ringing of bells, the firing of cannon, the flaming of bonfires and the cheers of the people. The pre- diction of the brave old patriot has been verified. Every year, as the day comes round, Americans indulge in a general jubilation. At sunrise and at sunset the bells chime and the cannon thunder forth a welcome and a farewell to the anniversary. All day long the incessant reports of pistols, of toy artillery, of fire crack- ers and of torpedoes delight the ears. of Young America. At noon perspiring orators shout the national glories, flatter the American eagle and shake ‘their eloquent fists in the face of the cowed and terri- j fied British lion, amid the hearty hburrabs | of the populace. Admired by the ladies and applauded by the men, our soldiers file proudly through the streets. For twenty-four hours all business is suspended, and even the perpetual presses have a period of rest. At night the heavens blaze with a variety of new stars, comets, Northern lights and Southern crosses. In these festivities many millions of dollars are expended most satisfactorily, and the nation then retires to rest, pleased with it- self and more eonfident than ever of its bril- liant future. This Fourth of July will be more memorable than any since the Fourth of July, 1776. We have a double celebration before us. We are Galled upon to rejoice not only at the creation but at the preservation of the nation. We hail both the anniversary of our independonce and the return of peace. For four years we have grappled with a terrible rebellion, and now we can congratulate ourselves upon its annihila- tion. For the first time we can fully compre- hend our own power. The vast army we have raised, the immense navy we have constructed, the new engines of war we have invented and the unparalleled resources we have developed make us the leading nation of the world. Hav- ing subdued the greatest rebellion in all his- tory, we have henceforth nothing to fear from any quartor, and our progress to universal om- pire will be uninterrupted. We have shown our strength in disbanding our tremendous land and naval forces, as well as io creating them. Qur veterans are quietly returning to their homes and will now receive personally the thafke and praises of our civilians. As rapidly as they rushed to arms when the re- public was in danger, so rapidly they now re- turn to their peaceful avocations, the republic being saved. While every loyal heart swells with gratitude to God for our tranacendent triumph, the men who were the instruments in His hands for cur salvation will not be for- gotten. The celebration of this Fourth of July will be an ovation in their honor. For the first time in five years the national anniversary will be observed throughout the whole country. The Southern people will cele- brate it with more than their old ardor. During along period they have shut themselves out from any participation in its glories, and have exerted their utmost efforts to abolish it, Now that the temporary insanity of treason is over, we shall find them, clothed and in their right minds, sitting at the feet of their Revolu- tionary forefathers and relearning the lessons of patriotism and of loyalty to the Union. On the Fourth of July they should hear no veproaches for their faults, no threats of pun- ishment for their transgressions; but they should be welcomed back to their rightful share of the national heritage, like the prodigal gon who was driven home to his father’s house by the famine and the misery of rebellion. Properly appreciated, this Fourth of July will rekindle at the South the ardor of that love of country which even treason hee not wholly quenched. To Jeff. Davis in his prison it may be a day of doom; but to the Southern masses it is a day of gladnoss and of promise. All over the world, wherever an American can be found, # will be religiously observed. In every Buropean capital there will be appro- priate festivities. Foreign nations will respect it, and foreign presses will print no more bur- lesqae orations to cast ridicule upon it. And if our Fourth of July orators—who now have more glory than ever to talk about—shall ride Pogasus to his utmost heights; place the Ameri- can flag, where we fought our battles, above the clouds; perch the American eagle upon the sun itself; elevate our soldiers above the demi- gods, and shake all the thrones ot Europe with one hand, while they grasp the stars with the other, theg wi_do.po mare than ia thelr dutx. retarns already made exceed two hundred and lx millions, to which must be added the belance in the hands of the collectors and the expense of collecting, including salaries of officials, percentage, &o. It is probable that all this will make the total amount, in round numbers, psid by our citizens in the shape of internal revenue tax, nearly, if not fully, two hundred and fifty millions. These, we presume, are the receipts, as far as it relates to incomes for the year 1863, The income tax in this locality for 1864 has not been collected. The same is probably true as to all other sec- tions. The returns already published im differ- ent localities show a large increase in incomes for 1864 over those of 1863, The receipts will therefore be largely increased from thissouree, end we dare say that for the next fiscal year the collection of internal revenue will exceed three hundred millions. To this must be added the duty on circulation and deposits, Custom House duties and sales of public lands, which will swell the amount of income to the govern- ment to fully three hundred and fifty to four hundred millions, under the laws of the last Congress. This amount can be easily raised if the internal revenue officials are honest and attend to their duties. The war being over, this large amount of money will have an important influence upon the finances of the government. It was, it is true, but a mere bagatelle as long as the war continued, and the expenses of the government reached two or three millions perdiem. But with the rapid reduction of the army and navy, the disposal of a vast amount of war matériel, including transport vessels, wagons, teams and ambulances, these receipis will be sufficient to pay all expenses, including interest on the public debt, and leave atleast one hundred millions for a sinking fund to pay off the prin- cipal of our debt, if not paid before by private subscription. It is estimated that the interest on the nation’s debt, when it is all funded and a full settlement has been made of all claims arising out of the war, will be not far | from one hundred and seventy millions; but this amount will in a few years be reduced by the adoption of a lower rate of interest as the different series of seven-thirty and other bonds mature, leaving the balance for current ex- penses and the sinking fund. As the country recovers from the effects of the war business awilLrevive throughout the South and other sec- tions where it has been prostrated by the war, the internal revenue receipts will largely in- crease, and, through the improvement of sys- tem, it will im a few years double the pre- sent receipts) Then we have the import- ant developments in mineral wealth in the Pacific States and Territories bordering on the Rocky Mountains, whose development will, now that the war is over, attract both capital and labor, thus opening a new source of national wealth exceeding even California in its palmiest days ; ail of which will redound to the credit of the government, increase its receipts, and enable our authorities to more rapidly reduce the volume of debt than even the most sangnine now imagine. All that is now wanted to enable the govern- ment to return to a specie basis in less than a year from the surronder of the rebel armies is the practice of economy, honest internal reve- nue officials and the co-operation of all branches of the government in a spoedy reduc- tion of expenditures and the return of the de- partments to the simple requirements in times of peace, Secretary McCullough will have to keep a close watch upon his army of internal revenue officials, or the corruption which found its way into other branches of the government during the heavy war expeditares will break out in that system. Prooress ov THE Restoration or Tum Sovrs- Bun Srates.—President Johnson is gradually but effectually pushing forward his policy of restoration of the States recently in rebellion. On Saturday last he appointed as Provisional Governor of South Carolina Benjamin F. Perry, a well known citizen of that State and a Union man from the commexeement of South Carolina nullification in 1832 ‘down to and through the late slaveholders’ rebel- lion, adhoring during the dark and doubtful days of the last four years to the United States. This leaves only one more State to be provided for in the appointment of a temporary Gover- nor—the State of Florida—when the machinery for the restoration and regeneration of the South will be in full motion. By the time the next Congress meets we may expect to see the South thoroughly loyal in the Union harness, side by side with the loyal North, zealously laboring together and vieing with each other in their devotion to the Union. The President, in selecting his officials to administer the laws of the South, has invariably selected residents of the States in which they were to officiate. An effort was made to se- cure the appointment of a Northern colonel as Governor of South Carolina; but Mr. Johnson declared that if there was no man among the reaidents of the State who could be trusted “he would wait until they could make one.” In adhering closely to this policy he has saved himself a vast amount of trouble, and has se- cured men thoroughly conversant with the in- terests and peculiarities of the Southern poo- ple. This, with the evident disposition of the South to abide the results of the war and cheer- fully acquiesce in all the verdicts which have followed the appeal taken from the ballot box to the arbitrament of war, cannot fail to have an important influence on the minds of the Southern people and secure « more speedy re- turn of the South to the Union fold than in any other way. The people of the whole country will to- morrow celebrate the birth of the nation, also ita preservation and the return of peace after four years of civil war. The success which is attending the restoration policy of President Johnson bids fair to so speedily and com- pletely reunite the broken fragments and re- store good feeling between the two sections of the country that the people from the lakes to the Galf, from the Atlantic to the Pacific, will, on the return of another anniversary, add to their celebration that of the restoration of the the entire Union, full and complete in all its nari. the colan of noage end oleate and treated to two more terrible railroad socidents. One oocurred upon the Harlem and the other upon the Hudson River line, both of which are Row under one On the Harlem, & trestlework bridge seventy-five fect high, bumped against each other and stove in the aides of the cars and the passengers. Hudson River line a switchman wae to do the work of a depot master, checker, porter and switch tender, ii yrit are no words strong enough to adequately press the general indignation at the frequency of these accidents They are totally without excuse. That om the Harlem could have bees avoided by slowing the trains, and that on the Hudson River by the employment of one extre man ata dollar a day. We call upon the Grand Jury to indict the president and director of these companies for manslaughter. ties, Five-twentios had gone up to seventy and three-quarters, an improvement of one-quarter since our last advices and twelve and three- quarters since the surrender of Lee. Thus our reconstruction at home and abroad goes om pari passu. Is tae Mernorous Unver Masrun Lawt— One would suppose such to be the case. Our streets are filled with troops. Regiment after regiment are coming and going daily. Bus they are homeward bound, and the men are the brownest and bravest, happiest and hardiest fellows the world ever saw. Weare under tho pleasantest kind of martial law. Condition of the Freedmen of the United States. An address on the above subject was delivered last evening by Wm. Howard Day, known as the “Edwaré Everett” of colored orators, im the Baptist churot, ‘Twonty-eighth: street. After singing and prayor the orator was introduced by the pastor to the audience, ly ought serie cate nla, wore feapnted two hundred snd foryy e were wo ears cay diiferent in their aspects. Ono was the landing of the Pilgrim aes as the prow of their veasol on the Plymout! uttered a shout of thanksgiving which formed a duet of fearful force as tt ¢ehimed in with the wail of tho slaves landed at Jamestown, Virginian I take for that you all know there has been a war for the past four years, nation slavory has been rendered eoxti slaves have liberty. Liberty todo what? themselves where no clothes are to be had? thomsolves where there is no food for them? A number of men, women and children are struggling in a great sea, I stand on the shoro, and is it too much to expect that I should exert myself to pluck as many as possible from the water that threatens to engulf them? I ask you te stretch forward and assist the colored man Socially, a hungry man should be kept from If Ihear the wail of distress it is my duty todo utmost in my powor to relleve the sufferer. So ts your duty to act towards the colored man. Evory vidual, however poor or mean or low, fills some in Goa’s gallery, and it is always tho duty of assist his starving brother, whether he be black hit When Ireland reeled into the grasp of doath famine fleets were nobly fitted out by this country for relief, When Greece was half naked sowing clubs were started over tho country to provide clothing for {ts in- habitants, And if it be right to relieve and Greece how much more so is it to help those who are at your door, To feed tho body as well as. the soul is the duty of Christianity. No system is perfegg unless it provides: moans for temporal ag well as his spiritual wants, nation has done an injustice in peveining ts. ‘existence of slavory for so long atime, The Churel off in remedying it. Clergymon of ine. tions, mi: ies, have carried thoir slaves with them into ‘China apd olsewhere; the Church has sanctioned, the odious ‘traffic, and now should step Hae Fi vation. fair wages, and in Richmond and other bat Rogetierss eters, &c., were all colored. Yoightman, President of the Sanitary Commiasi to say that there is no necessity of coercion to cause the colored man to work. Ho enumerates # number of in- stances where colored men have been. last, supportiag their families with ease and: ‘He argued that the South was the land peculiarly adapted for col men, and before other Inbyr should be trams porter there the colored man should receive the prefer- ence. covered on tho fifth floor of building Nos. 79 aud 6i Reade street, extending through to street an@ known as Nos. 95 and 97. The smoke was vered officers Mathows and Kellaher, of the Thirtioth preci who mmptly gave tho alarm. The firemen wore quickly at the promises; but, owing to the hose break- ing, much delay was experienced in ing wator on the fire. The uppor and part of the fourth floor were ia ten probably” tothe extent of $39,000; Tully in. water, e exten! ; bared. "Pho fest floor and basement are o0e cortained, owing to the lateness of the hour. The buil@- ing is probably damaged to the oxtent of $4,000. The ongia of the fire is not known at present. Tho work- ple of the establishment are to have a picnic to-day at Fron Brewery. This fre will throw them all out of om- ployment for some timo, and no doubt much mar the enjoyment of their anticipated pleasures. Founp Daowsnp.—The romains of Patrick Dowling, who resided at 310 West Thirty-seventh street, were found in the dock foot of Thirtloth street, North river, officer McCormick, of the Twentioth precinct. The ner was notified to hold an inquest. Deceased has loft a widow and several children, ‘Tam Tunrt or Diamoxp Jnwetny.—In the eccouat of the robbery of Miss Rice of diamond jewelry, published in yesterday's Haran, it was stated that the lady re- sided at East Twenticth street, ‘This ts a mistake, aa ‘no such party lives there, nor do the residing in that house know anything concerning the theft, except what they road in the papers. Fatat Aocrpawrs.—At half past soven o'dlock Inst evening a little girl three years of age, daughter of Mr. ‘and Mrs. Qusig, of 89 Railroad avenue, Jersey fol overboard at the Cortland reechy: henge omy Acitizen sendien ae Ele in after the child, bus could not su: in finding it. Up to a late hour the body had not been recovered. banged lon pee poecnemrig he gg run over last evening and instantly kil by car No. of the Thirty. street line, driven by William Lord, ‘The Coroner was notified to hold an inquest. Deceased resides at 37 avenue A. AcctomtaLLy Saov.—A man named Wm. Quinn was accidentally shot in tho head iast evening by Michael inson, at No, 68 Ch ivan N. Camp, Kaq,, ia the Treasurer of the Five Pointe House of Industry, and not Mr. B. M. Fowlor, as stato® in a late article in these columns. T. B. Pronson, Kaq, is Secrotary rity | ‘3 Halliday, Keq., Superintendoat Mr, Fowler i the collecting agent. Lecrone at Hors Cnare.—Mr. M. Leagure, of Water- town, N. Y., will deliver alecture in behalf of the colored Hope Chapel, No, 720 Broadway, this evening, at Taare Hore Caeretook. "Me. Loamufe. comes rovbu- mot by Governor Fenton.