The New York Herald Newspaper, July 3, 1865, Page 2

tndteposition to operate pending the national holiday. ‘The volume of business has consequently been limited, Dut the bulls have shown no disposition to relax their hold of the leading shares, which are rather scarce on the street, this being particularly the case with Erié. Some light shipments of the latter and Ulinois Central, to- gether with five-twenties, were made to Europe on speculative account, which will have the effect of check- ing to some extent the advance which these stocks are experiencing in the European markets. Govern- meot geld ‘bearing securities have sympathized partially with the rise of five-twenties abroad end the purchases for shipment referred to, but there hag been ‘Ro special demand for them on domestic ascount. Gold has been slightly depressed by the improvement {im five-twenties in London and at Frankfort, but the market maintained great steadiness considering the Coreign news and the strong eurrent of speculation for a Call. The extreme quotations were:— ‘Tho supply of cash gold was extremely limited during the week, and was freely borrowed by the bears at 4 8 % per cent per-day; but on Saturday there was little demand, owing to borrowers having made arrangements for tiding over the holidays on the previous day, The market was also mado easier by the disbursements of the Sub-Treasury in payment of the July coupons, as well as by special depositors, alarmed at the condition of the banks, withdrawing their gold therefrom to loan to the Drokers on their own account. We learn, on good autho- rity, of instances occurring during the week in which at least four of our most prominent city banks, returning large gold averages in their weekly statement, were un- able to pay gold checks ranging from thirty to a hundred thousand dollars each without first sending out to buy or borrow the gold. ‘That the banks are very injudicious in loaning their own and their customers’ gold cannot be dened ; but the temptations to which an exorbitantly high rate of inter- est exposes them in the face of the urgent necessity they are under tomake money “by hook or by crook,” in order to pay interest atthe rate of four per cent a year on their deposits, besides the tax, is obvious, although it Constitutes no justification for them. Unusual caution is all the more necessary on the part of the banks, from the fact that owing to the scarcity of gold in the country it is in danger of being partially controlled by speculators, who, as a matter of course, study their own interest above all else. Combinations of these may anticipate in some degree natural results, and take the community by sur- prise. It would be no difficult matter for them to monopolize all the gold in the market, and demand thei r own price for it for a short time, under the present prospective condition of our commerce. The price of gold should therefore no longer be accepted as a gauge of the public credit, although it may ultimately lead tos crisis which will involve our whole financial and commer- cia! system in its throes. To preach against speculation ie useless; for speculation can only anticipate results, without ultimately controlling them. But many dangers may be warded off by due preparation against unfavora- ble contingencies. Just now speculation is mainly fora fall, but it must be remembcred that its current is as treacherous as the wind, and that it is liable to change with equal rapidity, an while at presont it foreshadows a fall it may soon forosbadow a rise. Forcign oxchange has beon depressed by bills drawn against foreign credit by the bears in gold as woll as Against small lots of national and other securities ex- ported. So that there has been observed the anomalous feature of unusually low prices for sterling, notwith- standing our imports exceeding our exports at the ave- rage rate of three to one. Bankers’ bills were firmer at the close, and 109% 109% were asked for those at sixty days on London. At the same time a further trifling improvement in United States bonds abroad was ox- pected preparatory to @ corresponding decline un the receipt of the news of the advance in gold to 14734 on tho 15th of June. The closing prices of stocks at the first board on the four last Saturdays were :— Stocks. June 10, June. June 2%. July 1. Atlantic Mail... 169° 175 «150% 10k Cleveland & Pitt ey 70 | BCtéBNK Cleveland & Toledo. we 12 — — Chicago & Rock Island... 97% 100% 100 = 101% Chicago & Northwestern. 25 25% «=e Chicago & Northwestern pf 57 = 55 ABB Chicago,Burlington&Qu'y.105 108-108 pa Cumberland Coal. 80% «43% AL “x Canton Company. 31% | BRK 8 = Chicago and Alton RR...; —" 92 Delaware & Hudson Canal.196 144 143143 Rogistered 6 106 Coupon 6'¢ of 1881. 10% 10 1100 — Five-twenties, coupons,..103% 103% 103% — Five-twentios, registered.102% 1035 —— — fort a ) a | 6 896% rt i um = WK WK 99% ‘The following national banks have been authorized for the woek ending July 1, inclusive:— ital. $100,006 100, eBeEneeey $3335338 SEERSSRES $88282852332383252253 “ ESSSBSseesss ‘Onwego,'N. Y. ‘Mount Holly, ‘N.J. New York.. BoE SEESESSERS: seatbezes 2333333332333333 Aggregate new capital Previously suibotineds ‘Wholo number of national banks to dato 1,378, with an aggrogate capital of .$340,938,811 Amount of citculation issued to national banks for the week, Previously issued... +++ $146,927, 975 The following national banks have been designated by the Secretary of tho Troasury a» additional depositories of the public money. lerchanta’..., ‘Wheeling, Va. it River. ‘Now York. City... ° Grand Rapids, Mich, A Richmond paper estimates that the war has cost the Bouth five thousand eight hundred millions of dollars, namely :—Twenty-five hundred millions by loss of slave ‘Property; nine hundred millions by the ravages of war; mino hundred millions by the lors of staple crops; five hundred millions by property sunk in the Confederate debt, and one thousand millions by what the South must hhoreaftor pay as her proportion of the principal and Anterest of the national debt. By the census of:1860 the fntire property of the fifteen slave States was valued at [87,000,000,000—the slaves being valued at $2,400,000,000 |For the last year before the war the cotton crop was Hworth $260,000,000. |The tobacco crop for 1860 was (worth $40,000,000, and the rice and sugar crops for the relation to the taxability of national bank stocks:— seeming won dt, mle State, holders of stock neblonel hanks see tana Sue Sele. ahanan20- aa Rockholdens have every dollar of capital ore law taxing Hee tn tno vicinity. pay thew a a Ta privtogeet procs wbich a one of he “onered | ‘This pri: of protest, wi ig one of the ~ rights of od avails im these In ¢his particular case: it has ry hance ees Sm—Your letter of June 8, 1865, in regard to tax on et tons elon made through brokers or suction. gery "are ‘no oe Tnauded in deal sales ae mand whore ihe books of i June, 1865, was $282,833,821, of which $205,000,000 was derived from internal revenue, $76,601,823 from ous- toms, and $831,439 from sales of public lands, &c, Referring to the depression which has for many months marked the market for petroleum stocks, the Philadelphia Ledger remarks :— Any one who will look over the stock list, and com- pare prices with what they were some nine months ago, will readily discovor that immense sums of money have been lost. Some few, who early realized on thoir oil company shares, and at that time apparently made large fortunes, are well off if they put their oil profits into real estate. or the more substantial stock securities ; but there were comparatively few of this character. Quite a num- ber realized largely, but bop pay | the great majority forgot the old saying, that the same individual is rarely, if ever, twice strack by lightning, or twice draws a capi- tal prize ina lottery. ‘They, too, generally put their first profits in again, srasping for a still larger return. The result is, they hold thousands of: acres of barren lands, some few wells, irregular in their luce of oil, and a very considerable number lucing no oil at all. The formation of companies and the traffic in shares are things of the Companies are now oc- casionally started, but are uo purchasors of shares, The business is utterly used up. Millions on millions of dollars as represented in paper shares of companies are swept from existence, and will never be heard of more in any tangible shape, The lands romain on which these corporations were formed, and whatsver of value they possessed as oll pro- dicing territory is still in the earth, but the dificulty Of reaching it, and the uncertainty of its amount when reached, are facts that capitalists have learned to measure by more practical tests than come from a lively imag nation. The of petroleum is fast folowing the mo wt multicauhus, “merino sheep” and “tulip” manias of other years. Not that we would be under- stood as denying that there is oil in the earth in soveral parts of the country, or that it isof much value. It is of large value, and will pay well t;produce it at reasona- ble prices for the land under which it is supposed to lie. By industry and the skilful use of machinery, a judi- cious boring for oil may bo continued at a fairly remu- nerative business on the average. Like other pur- suits, it will be attended with the usual vicissitudes and ‘irregularities in results, Some, by streaks of good fortune, or by greater skill and economy, may Tealize fortunes, while others less skilful or less provi dent will loose. But whatever profit is realized in tho business henceforth is to come from actual values. The sales of printed certificates at prices doubling at almost every turn, in many insiances on erroneous, not to say designedly false, representations, have begared many honest people, with little profit reaulting to those who in glowing circulars set tho tempting. bait before them; for what ths gamble gained them in ono transaction they lost in another, 80 that there is little advantaxe perhaps from all that has been lost, beyond the fuller development of the trade years earlier than would Lave been the case had nogentorprise and speculation been so largely directed t ‘The oi! product is large, as tho following compari son of production und average price of oil at the wells during each of the past four years shows:— Product, —- Average price. Total value. 1861 ‘000, @Me. $1,560,000 1862. 40,000,000 4c. 1,400,000 186% ‘000 93¢c. 6,650,000 1864 280, 20,000,000 Total for four yoars.........e+.e+ee022++.+$20,820,000 The product of 1864 yielded about 62,000,000’ gallons of reflued ofl, tho average price of which, in bond, in this city, was 62 cents per gallon; giving, 'as tho value of the refined article, in 1864, $40,300,000. Consider- ing that the value of’ the raw product at the wolls was $20,010,000, it appears that the rofined product is worth just'double the value of the raw oil from which it is der.ved. If we may judge from the following article taken from the New Orleans Picayune, tho banks of that city are ombarrassed by the action of parties protesting their notes and throwing them into liquidation, #0 causing the appointment of three commissioners for each bank at a salary of two thousand five hundred dollars each. As the banks operate under the Free Banking act of 1855, and as their circulation is secured by the deposit of State and city bonds with the State Auditor at Shreveport, the acting government of the State should see that its bank- ing interests are protected from the unscrupulous tricks of adventurers, and that all legal facilities are afforded them for passing through the present exceptional period with as few obstacles as possible:— A war has been commenced against the banks of this city which threatens, if not promptly arrested, to add to the troubles and annoyances that at present vex and oppress our people. bamks of this city, which, before the war, were tho most solid and best administered of any similar in- stitutions in the United States, were, of course, most embarrassed by the revolution and the changes incident to the war. Their assets, which, if they could be got in hand, were amply sufficient to de- fray all their liabilities, were, of course, dead weight in the then state of affairs. The change from Confederate to federal authority compelled them to abandon sud- bay lance portion of their assets, A 2 yey of valuable property belonging to the banks also been beyond their reach and control, With these various resources, and a fair and reasonable time to realize them, the proper managers of the banks— those designated eg stockholders to look after their aflairs—are quite je, in time, to satisfy all the credi- tors and secure something for the stockholders. These creditors embrace a class the community who, of all others, need the aid and protection of the courts and the logal authority—to wit: the note bolders and depositors, which include a very large of the industrious poor and thrifty of our community. The banks under the Free Banking act of 1865 have secured their circulation by the deposit of Stato and city bonds with the State Auditor, and which bonds are still at Shreveport, but are expected soon to be in possession, and will be promptly applied to the liquidation of all the debts of the banks. It is quite obvious, however, that if these bonds are suddenly forced tipon the market, they would be sold at rates which would greatl apa ‘and dilapidate the re- sources of the ban it is, therefore, eminently to the interest of the creditors of the banks that they should be judiciously and prudently administered in order to e them fully available. This can be best done by the tried and trustworthy citizens, who have heretofore had charge of the admin- istration of the banka, and who are familiar with their condition ani are identified with the interests of our city and people. But some new comers, comparative stran- rs in our city, having no interest in the banks, and but ittle, if any, im the community, are seeking by some logal 'iegerdemain to got the assets of these institutions into their for the double purpose of speculating on the same and of yen fat sinecures in the shape x, Ceca AIP ety and liquidatorships for their jon Parties have already been appointed to some of these places, who are utterly unknown to the community, and who have obtained their situations by intrigues and de- vices which do not recommend them to public trust and confidence, The modus eir cases has been to secure possession of a note of any of the banks, to have the same |, and upon proof of boy i ment to apply to one of the district courts and have the bank thrown into liquidation, and its affairs placed in chargo of the special friends of the 60 lying. hus ofa proveeted note of twenty” dollars Thus the hol is enabled to obtain control of an institution which has in charge teust funds and assets amounting to several millions of dollars, on which so many of the people of this city must rely for means of subsistence in the futare. Thus, too, they secure the possession and the gre of collecting and suing on the bills recelvable, in the port- folio of th %, and speculating in’ the same, + power 0 of being used to the great emolument certait the commissioners and their friends, and to the vexation and damage of the debtors of the banks and their creditors, The salaries, paid these commissioners constitute another great bu imposed on the banks, There are ntlemen of the gee trust and by oy | who have foretotore cond their affairs to the satisfaction of all nothing for their services. It is now proposed to them with commissioners to a very small em (three in number for each — 500 for their services. Of course such liberal salaries will not be hastily surrendered. eee will be in mo hurry to terminate an adi #0 liberally compensated. Surely, no court will sanction and permit such pro- ceedings am tifese; no judge can be found so indifferent to the distresees and interests of the people—so regard- lexs of justice and equity, Wo trust that, if there are any such, there are er authorities to protect our on a from the great wrong meditated and at- emp 4 = - a. oa res allusion 6 — } The teas b a tuts week 1s 20,061 a 10,818; for 60,179 tons, aS So emeepenanng last year. Loss for Scomen o: cet Pre nereecs production at many of the oolleris r find it to their teats eel > of of tons oustained this year, Fn re panne tained (ole reer a wei oe Steen ne |aeeetuee Gobet |§,ebbs Speecee ‘The money market is quite easy for loans, returnable pbladrninnrar by sc per cent, which are the rates of interest charged by both banks and individuals; but more is for I credits, and on fluctuating —— which are not in good favor with lenders, Mer- cantile paper of the right stamp, having from two to four months to run, is wanted by note buyers at seven and eight per cent, but from nine to twelve is paid on the lower grades, with few transactions. There is a con- stant demand for the public securities at the board and ot all the agencies, and a moderate inquiry for bank, fac- tory, land, rallrosd, oll and mining sbares The shipments of gold from San Francisco between May 1 and June 2 were valued at. $2,890,000 83 Previously this year............ 16,264,722 64 $16,144,812 87 Total since Jan 1, 1865 Corresponding poarre Go) 1864. 348, Decroase.......0se0eeeee + $7,203,542 86 The average condition of the Philadelphia banks is in- dicated by the following figures:— Last week. —Thés week. Capital $14,202,350 14,443,350 160,440,649 60,360,800 Speci . 1,216/203 1,201,868 Legal tenders. 10,570,004 19,415,056 ta 89,127,801 39,607,641 6,688,488 6,700,444 ‘A meeting was held at St. Louis on consider the subject of completing the projected railroad from St. Paul, Minnesota, tothat city. Resolutions were thore adopted in favor of the speedy construction of the line, and for the continuation of such roads as would bo necessary to perfect commercial intercourse between Bt. Louis and the different parts of the State of Iowa. OLTY COMMERCIAL REPORT. Saroroay, July 1—6 P. M. Brrapsrovrs —Receipts, 9,685 bbls. flour; 250 do, and 416 bags corn meal; 90,231 bushels wheat; 21,447 do, corn and 68,578 do. oats. The flour market opened dull and heavy and prices were again 6c. lower. The sales ‘wore about 7,000 bbis., the market closing hoavy at our quotations. Canada flour was also dull and lower, with sales of 200 bble. Ryo flour was also dull and prices wore on the decline, Southern flour was dull and heavy, with ales of 450 bbls, Gorn moal was dull and drooping. We quote :— Superfino State and Wostorn flour. --85 008 6 35 Extra Stato....... 57a 575 Choice State. . 5 80a 690 Common to medium oxtra Westorn 51a 695 Extra round hoop Ohio. 6 350 6 60 6 55a 7 65 6650 7 35 7400 11 60 5i5a 690 Good to choico and 56 %a 770 —The wheat market opened dull and heavy, and prices were 1c, a 20, lower, We note sales of 65,000 bushels, at $1420 $144 for amber Michigan, $1 28 for amber Milwaukee, $1 36 for wintor red Western, and $126 a $126 for Chicago » ring. Barley was duit and prices Romminally unchanged, Malt was quict. We note sales of about 1,000 bushels, at $1 60, Corres was quiet. Corrox.—The market was dull and drooping, with sales of 1,400 bales. We quote:— Up'and. Florida, Mobile, N.O.@1. Ordinary. ++ BB 33 34 36 yer op 44 “a 45 od Good middling. 6 47 47 46 Freicuts were dull and heavy, with engagements to Liverpool per steamor for 1,600 bbls, flour at is. ; 11,000 bushels wheat at 6d.a 3d: ; 13,000 do. corn, 3%d. 0 53<4., in bulk and ship's bags. es.—The market continued to rulo firm under an active demand, but prices were without noticcable change. We quote Buenos Ayres at 16340. a 17Kc.; Weslern slaughtor at Te: city slaughter at Tic. a 9ifc.; Mon- tevideo at 16c. # i7c. ; and do. kips at 160., gold Hors were in moderate demand, with sales of 200 bales at 10¢. a 0c. Motasams continued dull, but prices were nominally the same. Nava Storms were in good demand, and the market was very firm. We note gales of spirits turpentine at $1.35 a $1.40, closing at the outside firmly. Crude ‘was in moderate demand, with les at $8 a $8.50 for soft. Prrrorxom was dull, but without decided change, Provision, —Reoei 106 packages pork, 24 do. cut meats, 240 do. lard. The pork market was somewhat firmer, but not in active demand; the sales were 6,400 bia, At $24 9T 6 n $25 for new mons, closing heavy at $2476; $23 a $23 60 for old do., closing at $23 25, cath and regular; $18 a $1960 for prime, and $175 a $20 for prime mess; also about 1,000 bbis., July, seller's op- tion, at $24.25'a $2460. The beef market was frm, with sales of 60 bbis, at $10 a $14 for plain mess, and $12 a $16 for extra mess, Beef hams were dull, but Without decided change. Cut meats were in good demand, with small sales of 576 packages, at 123¢6. & 14c.'for shoulders and isc, a 200, for hams. Bacon was dull and heavy. Butter was firm but very inactive; Ohio may be quoted at 20c. a 28c., and State at 27¢. 36c. Lard was firm, with sales of 1,200 packages at 16¢. a 19¢, Cheese was quiet at 9c. a 150. Rice was dull and nominally the same. Spices wore vory dull and heavy. STRARINE was quiet; we note sales of 20,000 Ibs. at 17}c., and 26,000 Ibs. ‘grease at 10c. a 10% Stair. —The market was 80 firmer, but pricer, though without decided change, favored the seller. We note sales of 400 hhds. Cuba at lc. a 124c., and 800 boxes Havana at 12c. a 12}. TALLOW was dull, with sales of 80,000 Ibs, at 10¢. a Llc. ‘War-kev.—The market continued to grow firmer, with tales of 200 bbls. at $2 08 a $2 10, closing at the outside price, - Obituary. JOHN RICHARDBON, C. B. The death of this distinguivhed Arctic explorer oc- curred in the English lake country on the 6th inst, Sir John Richardson, who was the son of a Scotch magis- trate, entered life as a surgeon in the British army, and afterwards served during the war with the United States in Canada and Georgia as surgeon to the First battalion of marines. In 1819 he accompanied fir Jobn Frank- lin's overland Arctic expedition as surgeon and natu- ralist; and again accompanied Sir John in his second expedition in 1825, and commanded two boats, in which he discovered the passage between the mouths of the Mackenzie and Coppermine rivers. In 1829, and at in- tervals till 1836, he published the work on the North British American regions, which ga fame asa naturalist, The later years of the veteran ex- jlorer were spent in strict retirement. In recognition of Bis eminent services he was made a Knight companion of the Bath. He died suddenly of apoplexy in his 77th ear. A VETERAN ONR HUNDRED AND NINR YEARS OLD. Died in , Maine, June 14, 1866, Mr, Ammanam Dar, of that town, He had attained the extraordinary age of one bundred and nine years and dpm] having been born in the town of Hack: State New Jersey, October 20, 1266. Hoe was a soldior in the eran jlo ns weil as in 1812 Ho is reported as havin ST. DOMINGO, rm Havana, June 24, 1965. ‘Bome time since I promised you, whenever news failed me, to furnish you with semething concerning the popu- lation of &t. Domingo, which may interest some of your readers, Worthe facts { am about to present I am in- ebdied, as I formerly mentioned, to the labor and re- searches of Don Manuel Fernandes de Castro, a writer well known to the Spanish wortd. ‘When Hispaniola, as the entire island of St. Domingo was formerty called, was discovered by Columbus in 1402 the population was estimated, according to the historian Oviedo, at over @ million soul, In fifteen years from that period the mortality among these simple, timid natives was so awful that. the population was réduced to sbout sixty thousand In another soven years—namely, in 1614—they were reduced to leas than one-fourth thet nuntber, and still constantly diminished. In the year 1683 there weré''scarcely four thousand, and by the middle of the: century less than five’ hundred had remained. This miserable remnant ‘was saved from extinction fora while by the i tton of slaves from the neighboring Bahama practice which was commenced as carly a8 1608, aa many as forty thousand being introduced in a very fow years. But the aborigines were doomed, and continued to disep- pear, till at length, in 1606, only « few individuals were known to exist, and since then all: trace of them is lost; 80 that at the present day we may say with confidenec ‘that not a single descendant of the aboriginal race of Bt. Domingo exists. ‘The causes which led to this extermination need not be mentioned here. Nothing could justify it in the case of any people, but more particularly in that of those poor and inoffensive creatures, whose cause was so ably but #0 uselessly pleaded by the humane though much abused ‘Las Casas, whose pages have made indelible this stain upon Christian civilization. Those must be short-sighted and ignorant of the diMoulties which surrounded that distinguished man who defame him forthe share he took in the introduction of African slavery into the Spanish West India Islands, On his part it was purely from a desire to savo from extinotion s weaker by the substitution of a stronger race; and, in his time, it was no: thought so heinous an offence inst human justice to bring the African within the ere and influence of Chinaman, in order to lessen the burdon of labor i on the negro. It is almost a parallel cage, and the roe- sults about the same; for Las did not succzed in emancipating the poor natives from the cruel taskwork which annihilated them, nor in the latter cas> did the Chinaman suoceed in substituting his labor for that of “posites lea it is not quite true that Las Casas introduced African sla’ into these islands. Negroes were im- ported into 3 Domingo as early as 1 but their im- nt portation was violet oP by the governor, Ovando—an ition which for some years prevented, or retrained, the prosecution of that trade. Tt was not untél the year 1517 that the ent, yielding to the policitatous of Father | teas Casas, ' ‘legalized trade by ordering that four thousand Africa be distributed throughout the four largest Antillas, This number was too insignificant, and dd not ‘at all answer the purposes of Las Casas, who saw no other means of saving the poor Indiana. ' Accordingly the Audiencia or High Court of St. Domingo in 1619 ad- dressed a represent n to the Crown, which had the de- sired effect, and Africans poured into the islands in con- siderable numbers. Two years later thero wer) so many that thoy attempted to dispossoss the Spaniards; but they failed miserably, and paid dearly for their rashnoss, Having traced the’ carly history of the black, let us take a look at that of the white race in thoge early Ameri- can setitiements. ‘The band of discoverers who accompanied Columbus and romained in these islands, after the “Great Admiral’’ had returned to Spain {alns, what a roturn!) perisihed goon from various causes, but their places were quickly supplied by others pe ied pg es ge equally daring and adventurous. these, named Roldun, thought that, with a hundred mon, ho could take possossion of the island; but he’ failed, though at that time (1498) the colonists were not above double that number. When Governor Ovendo arrived, in that or the following year, it 4s thought there were about three hundred whites on the island; but a great many had accompanied the Governor, and & many more followed him. So groat was the imi tion in his time that, according to the historian Herrera, there were ‘svelve thousand Spaniards there in the year 1506, although the fevers and epidemics of the isl mado sad havoc among them constantly. The discovery and conquest of Mexico almost de} Domingo; for all were willing to exchange the sickly island fora country believed to be the lost Ophir, if not the very gar- don of Paradise itself. The drain upon the white popula- tion became #o serious in consequence that an order was the Atllag, though they hed permission to. move from the An 0 move one tiland "to another. - The sickly climate of these islands was always a great obstacle to the rapid increaso of white population, and from time to time efforts were made to induce emigration from the mother country, but with little or no Fpenry oo may be deduced from the fact that one hundred and fifty i Jater—in 1665—according to Father Le Pers, the white and mixed population, that is, including muluttoos, was about fourteen thousand— the puro black being at that time only one or two thou- sand more—the entire population being about thirty ousand, In_ 1606 the smallpox, measles and conn raged fearfully in the island, attacking chiefly the the groat majority of whom perished miserably, and the lack of hands for the necessary tural | became 80 . that numbers of the white survivors emi; jeaving #0 small a Population Dehind them that in 171 there were only eighteen thousand four hundred and ten souls in the whole of the ish During this period the French , on the contrary, flourished oxceedingly the population advancing from veven thousand in 1680 to thirty thousand colonists and upwards of a hundred thousand slaves. In 1737 the population of the Spanish part further d ; since, ing to a report drawn by the Audencia, in obedience to a royal order, it did not exceed six thousand souls. ‘Then came achango for the better, probably because those worst of colonists, the Spaniards, copied more or lees the system pursued by thelr French neighbors. At any rate, mattors it wed so much under Governors Zorrilla dean Martin, Rubio, Azior, &., that in the year 1785, according to Sir James Barskett, the la. Jom wenn ho lene than 106,600 eoals, of whees only thirty thousand were slaves. fF Valverde estimates it at only one hundred and twenty thousand, and distributes that number in such a manner as to show he knew some- thing about the subject. But Barskett’s computation is ei ‘The next change in the condition of the isiand was much more memorable, while its effect on the population was to reduce it materially. Barskett pnts it in 1706 at one hundred and twenty-five or thirty thous while subsequent events tended to make it. decrease stil more, as is fully evidenced ¥ tho census taken in 1812, after the treaty of Basilea, the surrender of the entire isiand to the French, and the invasion of the Spanish part by Dessalines. According to that census the population of —— was sixty-two thousand and ninety-two, consid- iy loca than half that of the year 1785. In the fifty-two years that have elapsed since 1812 the population has quadrupled, if not quintupled. One cause of this has been the abolition of slavery, whereby the black race has been left to itself. Ite natural increase has therefore been i. Another cause may be found in the extreme Ii! lity of Dominican reat which permitted any stranger, no matter from country, who settled among them, all the rights and privileges of a native. This attracted sot. Tera from Hayti, who, preferring the mild rule and sibly more fertile soil of the Spanish part, settled there after the division of the into two governments. At present, then, the population of Spanish St. Domi may be set down at about three hundred th as may be calculated from the number of (called commons) into which the country is divided—no district having the right to be called a common unless it have three thousand inhabitants, as I remarked in a for- mer letter. A fow of these ——_ like the capital, Santiago, San Cristobal, &c., have much more population than the requisite @hreo nd; and even mppoaing all to have double that number, there is still a Jil margin allowed in putting down the sum total at the above figure. ‘We may well wonder at so small e population carrying on a war for such a length of timo with a Power like Spain, It only shows what a je can do when deter- mined, with the immense advantage of occupying and fighting on their own soil. Matamoros, OUR MATAMOROS CORRESPONDENCE. Matawonos, Mexico, May 81, 1866. Teras Made Rich by the War—Her Wealth Doubled in the Last Four Years—The Commercial Status at Mata- moros—Prices of all Articles of Clothing Lower Than in New York City—Lumber on the Rio Grande Cheaper Than in Maine, de. This morning I met a gentleman just arrived from Austin, Who states that the people of that section are convinced that the war is et an end, and that the great majority of them are anxious for peace, He represents ‘the country as in a flourishing state, and says that Texas will come out of this war nearly doubled in wealth. The rebel currency bas not been current for a long time in tho Stato, and all kinds and descriptions of goods are positively as cheap as they ere in New York—as for inatance, star candles sell at from eighteen to twenty dente, Coats’ spool thread at sixty cents per dozen, Con- Gress gaiters at from $2 to $2 60 per pair, bleached cot- ton from eloven to fourteen cents, gray cloth, best, at ftom ninety-stx conte to $1 10 per yard, and other things {m proportion. ‘The state of things here, in a commercial point of view, beggars description. Goods are literally given away, Millions of dollars must be lost and hun- > BES eo a iy wit tt be Sates aie aes hove his dy, and woul, itbous rod Bet apace bd ‘whey have been ing it by the fact that it was well understood | they hed done 20 General Slaughter, with his com. the erro now aa ‘he Union for bel rae Nae aa ort aet ny ae Feeach and thelr ad i BS 1 i i ia E i i : [ i ‘Warr Poorr, Juty 1, 1865. ‘The camp here is like any ordinary regimentalcamp. ‘The corps is divided into @ battalion of four com- in regular company There are sixty-four tents for privates, ten'tents for the cadet company officers, including the adjutant and quar- tormaster; six guard tents, one each for four army offi- cers commanding the different companies; two for drum- mers, one for boot blacks, and ® marque for the com- mandant. The tent used is the ordinary army wall tent. All the tents are floored. Bedsteads and camp cots are not allowed. Four privates ocoupy atent. Everything is reduced to the rigid simplicity of oamp life, and the same rules provail as to getting up at reveille, guard- mounting, guard relief and putting out lights and going to bed at tattoo and taps. The new cadets will go into camp with the rest. The second class having been allowed the usual furlough makes the corps smaller than it would be otherwise. It may not be an uninteresting fact to some to know that the trees shading the camp ground were eet out by General Robert E. Lee, late commanding the rebel forces, while commandant here. OPFIOERS OF THE CAMP. The following are officers of the camp:— C.mmandant Cadets—Colonel Henry W. Black. Officer C pening uh, froeon Jobn ‘Egan, Firs United States artillery. Ovicer Company B—Lieutonant Henry B. Noble, Eighth United States infantry. Oj) cer Company C-SCaptain Leroy L. Jones, Second United states artillery. Oficer Company D—Lioutenant James W. Lancaster, ‘Third United Btates artillery. ‘The popularity of Colonel Black is well known. There has never been @ more popular, capable and more widely respected comméndant over the cadets. The subordinate officets belong to the academic staff, and are all young men of tried capacity. Each has served in the late war, and, I believe, each been wounded. ‘TRI-WHEKLY Hors. ‘The cadets remain in camp until the close of August. A great feature of the camp life are the tri-weekly hops. On these occasions there is a slight let up in the rigidity of discipline and military exactitude, The printed pro- grammes have already been arranged, and the initiatory hop was Os. Wednesday “évening. ‘The hops take place in the Amie room where the last graduating class had ite gteat hop. Bare mention of a hop carries fullest with it—th of crinolit Sewidering intermingling of cadet unitorme sha ary eilke and laces, DEVILLING THR PLEBES. From immemorial, as is well known, it has been the habit, perticularly during encampment, to ‘‘devil the gh ere nated. Growing of this at length com- Hi led measures to be taken to rent it. Now ra pete yoy before jot the furlough Jour hundred and extending the tion from the engineer Many other changes wil The fol ‘are the military and academic staffs for the ensuing . It will be seen there have been some changes since the late examination began. Brigadi Goneral George W. Cuil Superintendent jer . Cullum, int of the Military Academy and Commandant of the Post. Captain Edward C, Boynton, A. M., Adjutant and jon—Jobn T. Head, M. D. Surgeon—Edward 8, Dunster, M. D. Dennis H. Mahan, LL. D., Profewor of Military and o Civil Engineering. sem Brevet Lieutenant Colonel H. Mendel, mh fT el ceed itary and Civil En- eo First Lieutenant William a Engineer, Acting and Civil Engineering. . C. Bartlett, Professor of Natural and Experimental Philosophy. Captain Joseph ©. Clark, Jr., United States Army, ‘Assistant Professor of Natural and Experimental Phi: Captain Josiah H. Kellogg, United States Army, Act- ing, Amistent Profemor of Natural and Experimental loso| '. ‘albert Church, LL. D., Professor of Mathematics. Herbert A. Hascall, Fifth artillery, Assistant Professor of 1 Mebemntic, rae “i AE, Captain (Aid-de-Camp) Jose; Liew. tenant Fourth artillery ; Captain John Todgers, Bevond Major Samuel N. Benjami . Second ; Cadet mye te thee ‘cadet Jamen Mercur, Acting Assistant Robert W. Weir, N. A., Professor of Drawing. Captain John 8, infantry, Assistant Professor of Drawi ‘ataon, Fifth artillery; Cadet James O'Hara, Acting Assistant Profesor of the French Language. Rev. bho ey 1 a to Professor of rae rere crortin, 7m ume, Ante ig? ‘ ‘2 ilitr lH i ‘ , Mineralogy Tenth infantry, 1 Henry M. Black (United States Volunteors), Commandant of Cadets and In- ‘and Infantry Tactics. it Instructor Captal L i Beoond yaw - in structor of Artillery nnd afaniy Tution i First Lieutenant Henry B, Noble, Bighth infantry, A%- ‘Ta tica, i il t i i * Ht i ies i } i H i rf i March is end all rie wall knova, has showa ta ft I li ie it fi ii BE ‘ i i i E i ; . levees overfiown, and the furniture set afloat in | i i I i : i s the le fe & t : sié i i i E i i ie eH i itt i i | ree Hatt ue at fats fait i tt il ina i 3 fie is tH Bd ack suk Lal | if Hi j A H fh H g } H i i if ity aEELE a8 ES gigi spill hag def; iit i i i i I ¢ 4 if i Ht iis can find cottages and THE STORMS IN THE WEST. Tremendous Storm at Dabuque—Great Damage Done—Faurther Intcrestin, ticulars of the Late Tornado in Minhe- sota, d&e. Cte oe ln This morning, about two o'clock, city was visited f by a tremendous storm, which two or three hours, and caused much damage to ‘The flood was one of the greatest ever known in vicinity, The - lectricity yy thi of the kind cossant el y ever witnessed the oldest inhabitants. Yoarful thunder led every The peals followed several seconds. city was Culverts were torn away, bridges demolished, nome Cage rhe a beautiful sylvan resort = e part was greatly damaged, fences veing washed iad many ot tiaet ees’ eo rooted. The jue Stoux City and the Dul and Southwestern Railroads are much damaged, and’ trains from the West have not been able to reach the Sept cee eee Soe tne fore im] le done west of Dubuque. The losses in the city to many thousands of ‘THE MINNESOTA TORNADO. The _ perro Argus of ingarghis cate last com; tains a lo! teresting account 1@ groat tornado, from whicl wo extract the follow = ‘At about four o’clock a whirlwind was observed from ‘this city, in aa preggo csarb having song =: ane For a few minutes a distant roar, as of distant but continuous thunder, heard. The im that direction and overhead, neari; to the horizon, was covered with heavy clouds. Here the air was still when tho whirtwind was first seen, though in a few moments a fresh strong breese jem nartenomanoeneag ty In five or six minutes from it i Tal above named aE i il i 3 5 Hi uh ri i Rig ite iy S38 F 5 3 i F $ z g ; 34 + £ 5 [ i i i iPSTEHLEETHT ea ‘i felleettas ap # - i HG ind i Hy een iit tt 5 a5 E z s z & F | oe GEE bel fu ri gee is i ty # a i it 5 j E i F 2 is 3! F. 3 i i it i iran Hi i ithe filet lida + Oo storm was in the direction of the | | direct line. We have rumors, forward move bu = the swaying of the whirlwind column, ch may ve produced a seeming temy of direction { there is no evidence that it varied A line. It \\ passed over hills and valleys in the same direction. Mr. David Young, of this city, on Saturday, in repairing the telegraph line by Cham "8 found five poles One at about the centre of the tornade track out the after the storm wire was so charged electricity, though no main batt ‘was connected with it, that it communicated a severe ‘Tho wire (No. 9) had boos stretched by the storm full sitty fees From maa ag od Young og the eg o storm the wire became #0 tricity as to heat it red hot, in which condition only could it have been ———— Brooklyn City News. Cann Rox Oven ano Kiixp.—A child named Ana Wernick, aged two yours, was instantly killed Yesterday by being run over, near the corner of Smith and Sackow streste, by one of the Backett stress line ch elae infant across 1e wi Pn knocked Mit roy the horses, and the wheels passed cree ae ‘The driver of the car was arrested, thie morning, Tae was aot to blsne, wns ruberquea | ly A Tonacoo.—From the best information to be outained, there ‘seems to be no doubt that the stock of | of planters is comparatively Nikely to advagoo, no crop made in old friend, a com. ood leaf sells readily at fair nd ar that the i i a ls