The New York Herald Newspaper, March 11, 1865, Page 4

4 NEW YORK HERALD. JAMES GORDON BENNETT, EDITOR AND PROPRIETOR. OFFICE N. W. CORNER OF FULTON AND NASSAU STS. TERMS cash in advance. Money sent by mail will be at the risk of the seuder. None but bank bills current in Now York wken. : THE DAILY HERALD, Four cents percopy. Annua subscription price $14. THE WEEKLY HERALD, every Saturday, at Five conta per copy. Annual subscription price : One Copy Postage five cents per copy for three months. Any larger pumber addressed to names of subscribers @1 50 cach. An extra copy will be sent to every club often. Twenty copies, to one address, one yoar, $25, ‘nd any larger number at same price. An extra copy will be sent to clubs of twenty. These rates make the Wsxuny Hunan the cheapest publication in the country. = Se air Volume XXX...... No. 71 AMUSEMENTS THIS EVENING. ACADEMY OF MUSIC, Irving place.—Matinee at 1 o'Clock—F. nwaxt. WINTER GARDEN, Broadway.—Matinee at 1 0'Clock— Hamusr, Eveuing—Cousen Baws. NEW BOWERY THEATRE, Bowery.—Yanxew Jack— ‘Le SOurTALne—ANTOINS. WALLACK'S THEATR! Row Dasr—Hica Lire Beto Broadway.—Stiu, Waters Stam. Psat THEATRE, Brondway.—Tus Srreers or New BOWERY THEATRE, Bowery.—Damr Tror—Ovv Raat- MENTALS—MLiNgR's HoLipay, “Matinee at 23 o'Clock, NIBLO'S GARDEN, Broadway.—Nigat anp Morsina. BROADWAY THEATRE, Broadway.—Toopis—Forty Wirxs. BARNUM'S MUSEUM. sroadway.—Two Mauwors Fat Wowux—Living Sxut:zox—Dwaar—Giant Bor—Tux Worn- kx oF Naw York—Day an ng. BRYANTS' MINSTRELS, Mechanics’ Hall, 472 Broad. way Rrmorrax Sonus, Dances, bunuasauis, oT vous. WOOD'S MINSTRBL HALL, 514 Broadway.—Eraiorian Songs, Danors, &c.—PeTROLEUMANIA, OR O1L ON THE BRatn. HOOLEY’S MINSTREL: and 201 Bowery.—Soncs, Dances, BORL&SQUBS, &C. NGIM. SALLE DIABOLIQUE, 58 Broadway.—Rosrat Hatien's Mipacias—Grors. Matinee at 2 o'Vlock. VAN AMBURGH & CO.’S MAMMOTH 99nd 5461 Broadway.—Open from 10 A. M. MENAGERIE, tol P. M. o HIPPOTHEATRON, —— fe Poo HAN, PMMASTIC o Evrent 3 Grqausne snp Acgosanc TAINMENTS—M OTHER GOO8E: AMERICAN THEATRE, No. 414 Broadwi Pawroutaiss, BURLESQUE, de. —Magic Pius. o°Clook. —Baxt jatinge at 2 DODWORTH HALL, 86 Broadway.—Burxerz’s Even- xas or Mirra and Patmos. oltviNe MALL, Irving place.—Ms. Sawpgncon’s Con- uae. NEW YORK MUSBUM OF ANATOMY, 618 Broadway.— from 10 A. M. tile P.M. New York, turday, March 11, 1865. THE SITUATION. The steamer Dudley Buck, from Newbern March 6, brings a rumor that General Sherman had last week penetrated tv within forty miies of Raleigh, N. C., taking Fayetteville in hia way. The people of North Carolina are reported to be flocking to meet him with supplies and words of welcome, and It is even asserted that the slavoholders were assisting their slaves to reach his Mines. The italeiyh Progress is quoted as ageerting that General Sherman would soon be in that city. The co- operating column from Newbern had penetrated to within a fow miles of Kinston. No information of Sher- man’s position is gwen by the rebel papers, from which we glean an interesting description of the evacuation of Columbia and the usual boasts of Sherman's failure and impending ruin. Tho news from the South is meagre and generaliy unimportant, The appeal of Governor Vance to the people of North Carolina to feed Lee’s army is 4 signit- cant document, following, as it does, on the heels of his late appeal to the Georgians and the public meetings at Danville. He states, inefect, that the rebel authori- ties, the Commissary General, and Lee himself, have declared that since the destrnetion of communication by Shorman’s movemenis the means for supplying t, for army at Richmond are insufficient, and that it m @ few months atleast, depend on the voluntary »ntri- butions of the people of North Carolina and Virginia President Lincoln has issued @ proclamation, in ac. @prdance with the requirements of the amended Enrol- ment act, notifying all deserters from the military or naval service to report for duty within sixty days from the 10th instant, or they will be | deemed to have forfeited all rights of citizenship henceforth. Persona who quit the country w avoid Deing drafted into the military or uaval service are held | to be liable to tbe same penalty, The proclamation also | grants a full pardon to all deserters who may return to their duty within the specifed time. Ap extensive contraband trade bas been carried on for fome time past on the Rappahannock river, which it has | been deomed advisable to break up. Accordingly, a fleet Of light draft transporte and gunboats, with a body of | troops, were recently despatched from Fortress Monroe for that purpose. While proceeding up the Rappaban Dock river a schooner loaded with whiskey and salt was captured, and the cargo blown up. On reaching Fredericksburg the town was found to be garrisoned by a squad of rebels, who tinme Giately fled, making mo resistance to the landing of our removed, the vessel was troops. Here ainety-five tons of manufactured tobacco, valued at $380,000 was captured, the | country round about thoroughly scoured, four hundred prisoners captured, ail the contraband traffic @ffectually broken ap, As the expedition passed down the river numbers of rebel deserters came off from the Shores, among thom eight mon belonging to the Twenty | Fourth Virginia cavairy. We have advices trom New Orleans to the 4th inet., Hut they contain no military news of importance, ‘Eleven ars ran off the track of the pelouras Railroad on the 8d | | Brennan, lative to sewerage and drainage in New York; to amond the act relative to places of amusement and con cert saloons; to compel the New York and New Haven Railroad Company to stop express trains Jn Westchester county, and to regulate tho rate of fare; to amend the charter of the city of New York; also to incorporate the Young Men's Father Matthew Total Ab- stinence Mutual Beneiit Association of this clty. Bills were introduced to authonze the construction of a tun- nel under Broadway ; for the relief of New York dispen- saries; and providing for the care of destitute chil- dren in Brooklyn, A report was preeented providing for the more effectual cleaning of the streets in New York. A resolution was adopted in caucus by the republican Senators, on the subject of the Central Railroad fare question, declaring it inexpedient to remove tho restric- tions at this time, and recommending the defeat of the bill. In the Assembly bills were reported to change the name of the New York Free Academy ; to incorporate the New York Infant Asylum; to incorporate the Worth Lodge of Freemasons of New York; to authorize the Dry | Dock, Broadway and Battery Railroad Company to ex- | tend their track; to authorize the use of cars instead of | stages over the route of the Bull's Head stage line; and to incorporate the Accidental Insurance Company. | A bill was introduced to amend the act relative to the | Department of Charities and Correction in New York, Bills were passed to amend the charter of the People’s Savings Bank of New York; changing the namo of the Bloomingdale Savings Bank to the Third Avenue Savings Bank; and to incorporate the New York Infant Asylum. MISCELLANEOUS NEWS. ‘The stock market was lower and panicky yesterday. Governments were steady. Gold was weak and declined to 19634, but closed at 189% down town. At the even- ing board gold was very active, and closed at 19334. The fall in gold, combined with and growing out of the increasing indications that the rebellion is in its last throes, had the effect of unsettling the markets yester- day, and prices of nearly everything on the calendar wero nominal. Almost any kind of goods could haye boon bought at lower prices than on Thursday, and nearly all the sales reported were at lower prices. Cotton was dull and 6c. lower, Petroleum was also dull and nominal. Groceries were decidedly lower. On ’Change the flour market ruled quiet, and prices of the choice grades de- clined 25¢, a 80c, per bbl. Wheat was more active, but 5c. a 7c. lower. Corn was in limited demand and lower, new having sold at a decline of 8c. a 10c, ‘ Outs were dull and heavy. The pork market opened dull and decidedly lower, but closed firm, with a fair inquiry. Beef dull and depressed. Lard was 3¢c. lower, while whiskey declined 1c., with only a moderate demand. Freights were scarcely ever so dull, and rates were nominal. The United States Supreme Court yesterday decided a case involving many interesting international and muni- cipal questions in the law of prize. It was that of the United States, appellant, against seventy-two bales of cotton, Elizabeth Alexander being the claimant, on appeal from the Southern District Court of Illinois, which had awarded restitution to her. This was a test caro, involv- ing all the cotton, valued at over two millions of dollars, captured by the navy during the Red river expedition. The cotton was claimed by the navy as lawful prizo of war on the ground of belligorant rights, that part of Louisiana being claimed as the enomy’s country. The cotton was taken om land, a various dis- tances from the water, teams having been sent out to gathor it. The cialmant took the amnesty oath under the proclamation of the President, although she had taken no part in the rebellion. The argument occupied several days. The Court, through Chief Jus- tice Chase, decided that there could be no seizure ‘as prize of war of private property by the navy on the inland waters of the United States or on the lund, since. the acts of Congross of 1861, 1862, 1863 and 1864, and thal, therofore, this property was not, in that view, law- ful prize of war. But the Court thought the property should have been turned over to the Treasury officers, as captured or abandoned property, under the act of March 12, 1863. Tho libel was ordered to be dimissod. Thus the navy was ignored in this case. The Court also held that the possession of the Red river country was tempo- rary, and not long enough to secure rights of property to the citizens of that part of Louisiana, and that the clec- tiom then held in the Red river country was not legal and conferred no rights. The steamship Edinburg, Captain Roskoll, of tho In- man line, sails at noon to-day for Queenstown and Liver- pool, taking tho mails for Ireland. The steamship Now York, for Southampton and Bremen, also sails at noon to-day, taking the mails for Great Britain and the Con- tipent, which close at balf-past ten A. M. for both vessels. The firemen of New York held a mooting last evening at Firemen’s Hall, and adopted a serice of resolutions re- monstrating against the passage of the bill now before the Legislature establishing a paid fire department wnotil the change shall have been asked for by the people of this city. ‘The internal revenue officers recently seized the stock of sauff and tobaceo of Messrs. Edels & Berkovitch, who had removed it, it is alleged, from Seventeenth to Thomas | street, to avoid the payment of tax on their manufactures. Ap officer was placed in charge of the premises, and dur- ing bis temporary abseneo some person entered the building and sprinkled the goods with benzine, prelimi- nary, a8 is supposed, to setting fire to them, The goods were insured to nearly double their vaite. Israel Levi was arrested on suspicion of complicity in the contem- plated incendiarism. The argument for the contestants inthe K.P. Christy will case was concluded before the Surrogate yesterday. Recruiting was quite brisk at the Supervisors’ Com- mittee rooms yesterday, and the applications for substi tutes more numerous than heretofore. Meantime sub. liberally. Still tbe order for a draft on the 16:h inst. reuiains unrevoked, but vigorous recruiting may lead to & postponement. In the General Sossions yesterday Judge Russel sen. tenced the prisoners who were remanded during the week, in the third degree, was sent to the State Prison for four yoars. John Moore, convicted of @ similar offence, was sentenced to the State Prison for two years, Joveph guilty of petty larceny, was sent to the Penitentiary for six months andgined one hundred dol lars. Win. Thompson, jointly indicted for burglary in the second degree with Samuel Rivers (who was convicted last week), was convicted of grand larceny, the prosecution failing to prove the burglary. On the 23d of January he stole watches and other jowelry worth $95 from the premises of Edward Lorch, 6934 Columbia street, He was sentenced to three years’ imprisonment in the State Prison, Michael Hayes, charged with steal- ing a quantity of rope from a canal boat in Jersey City, was acquitted, he having proved that he bongiat the property from James King. Ann Murphy, indicted for stealing $57 from Catherine Remise, at 162 West Broad. way, was acquitted, The Grand Jury brought in some indictments against prisoners for various offences, to which they pleaded not guilty. A battalion of the foreign legion, which was in jurri- son at Aix, France, arrived at Toulon, February 22. It embarked next day on board the steam transport which | is to convey it to Mexico, where it has voluntecred to | serve ton yoars. | Despatches from St. Petersburg contain advices from Kiakhta (Russian Asia), which state that on the 15th of Jauvary a rising of the Dounganes against the Mand- jours had taken place at Tehoutgouchak. The citadel was taken and burned, and the commander killed, The Russian Consul sucoveded in escaping with the funds and archives of the consulate Anst., killing ton and mangling thirty nine members Of the Thirty-third Mlinois re,iment ‘ ‘The rebel Major General Whiting, who was taken pris ‘ner at Fort Fishor, died of wounds received in the attle at that place, at Governor's Island yesterday, and ‘will be buried from Trinity church to-day. } CONGRESS. In the Senate yesterday the credentials of Mr. Cress 1, the new Senator from Maryland, were prosented, he was qualified and took his seat. Mr. Lane, of Moved that the resolution allowing pay and lenge to claimants of seate from Louisiana and Ar. be considered. The Auditing Committee of the have reported adversely on the proposition. fter rome debate Mr. Trumbull moved to amend the 80 an to pay only the Lousiana claimants, and thie question the Senate wemt into exccutive ges, , and afterwards adjourned. Among the nomina- confirmed was that of ex.Senator Jobn P. Hale, of ew Hampshire, as Migjeter to Spain, | THE LEGISLATURE. ‘4 To tho State Sonate yesterday bills were noticed re- On the 26th wit, the mail train from Chattanooga for Knoxville, Tennessee, met with a singular accident when | passing through the trnuel, From some cause a couple of the iron braces which supported the arch fell down and hung over the track. The first four care after the engine were loaded with army wagons, As the train passed under the hanging braces they caught the wagons | and swept them back, jamming them up against the box | cara, and killing #wo and wounding three of the soldiers | ou the cars. | On the morning of the 1st inst. a train on the Nashville | and Chattanooga Railroad was thrown from the track at | Smyrna station by the misplacement of a switch, and three pereous were killed and several sevorely injured. Among the latior was Captain W. W. Cushing, the Mil- litary Condactor. On the 27th wit. an accident occurred on the Pittsburg, Fort Wayne and Chicago Railroad, @ short dipyance below New Comerstown, The road héto is very neat the river, and had been underwpiqed so much by the late rise that it gave way, pr pitatiny the engine and tender into the water, a04 Trowning the fireman. the 2d inst. a collision—the reault of gross carcless- ners on the part of one of the conductors—oceurred on the Pittaburg, Fort Wayne and Chicago Railroad, near Groverstown, by which the ongineer of one of the trains was iusiaatly killed and Nt vaseongors injured, NEW YORK HERALD, SATURDAY, MAKUH 1, 1865. The Reign of Terror at Richmond— Strong Signs of « Collapse Without Another Battle. Of all the cities in Christendom there is none io which the civil authorities, the military and the inhabitants generally, are at this time in the dreadful situation of those at Richmond. There may now be seen all the elements of destitution, despair, distrust, discords and con- spiracies in full play. As the coils of the Union armies tighten around that doomed city; as the arch trgitor of this rebellion and his ruling confederates find themselves cut off from their sources of supply and their lines of retreat; as they are startled in the evening by reports of thickening disasters in the field, and are warned in the morning of increasing desertions from scriptions to the bounty loan continue to pour in very | John Tierney, who was convicted of burglary |+ their camps at night, they turn to plots, and threats, and fierce denunciations among them- selves, This man accuses that man, or this clique the other, as causing the sufferings and humiliations for which they are responsible. The base passions which ca: them all head- long into their insane revolt are now, in “their last ditch,” driving them to the extremity of devouring each other. “What mean these rumors,” asks a correspond- ent of the Richmond Enquirer—“these rumors of senatorial commitiees, approaching the Pre- sident to submit terms of submission? Is that report true? Are any Senators or Representa- tives whipped? Have they approached the President to press upon him any such base pro- positions? Who were the Senators? What were the propositions? Is. there any plan on foot to compromise with subjugation, or resign? Is there any one else to volunteer resignation in case he (Jeff. Davis) is forced to vacate?” Is the hint abroad “that General Lee is ready to consider terms for laying down arms? Who are busy in these plans? Let us know the worst that the sum- mary remedy may be applied.” The Mnguirer editor, in answer to these questions, says he has “no doubt that a plan was on foot to force Mr. Davis to resign, and that Mr. Stephens (Vice President) had consented to resign, so that Mr. Hunter, as President of the Senate, would be- come President.” But, says the Enquirer, in its impotent rage, in this extremity Robert E. Lee “will grasp the sceptre they may wrench from the hands of Mr. Davis,” and “no cabal of whipped seceders shall capitulate their country into slavery and crouch at the footatool of Mr. Lincoln.” From these significant revelations it is evi- gent that the peace party at Richmond do not intend to rest short of the removal of Jeff. Davis. He is implacable and resolved upon destruction, and they are resolved to displace him. But the Sentinel, the confidential organ of Davis, tells these conspirators that he will fight them, that he and his party “do not intend to be sold out or betrayed by them. Let them be sure that such is the temper of the public mind that to.attempt this (the selling out of Jeff.) would be as much as the man’s life: would be worth. If he (Jeff. and his supporters) cannot find law in the books for such cases we will be @ law unto ourselveg’—in other words, Jeff., if necessary, will take the law into his own hands, and hang up a few of these conspirators—these “whipped seceders,” these “very men who, the foremost to secede, are the first to surren- der.” We doubt not that Senator Hunter is among the men thus pointed at. It was his vote that defeated the bill in the rebel Congress for arm- ing the negroes. ‘He was one of the rebel com- missioners in the late Hampton Roads peace conference, the rebel Vice President Stephens and the late United States Judge Campbell being the other two. Directly after their return to Richmoad, Stephens and Campbell disap- peared, and have not since been heard of. They have left the implacable Jeff. to his fate. Hun- ter, as President of the rebel Senate, was compelled to stay, and compelled to make a war speech. But it was a cold affair, and in it there were no denunciations of Abraham Linco. That war splutier got up by Jeff. was a short-lived affair, like a crackling fire of dry weeds. The shouts of the rebel soldiers, in honor of their peace commissioners as they were going out, were not repeated on their re- turn. On the contrary, since their return, the dosertions from Lee’s army have increased from tens and twenties to fifties and hundreds every day. We have the same story from South Carolina. The detachments from Giilmore’s column, sent out to scour the country inland from Charleston and Georgetown, meet with little or no resist- ance, but find the swamps very lively with rebel deserters, We guess, too, that Joe John- ston has no information to give of Sherman’s movements, because the rebel forces of North Carolina are too weak and demoralized to be trusted within striking distance of Sherman. But, looking only at the condition of things in Richmond, we shall not be surprised if at any moment now we hear from General Grant that Jeil. Davis has abdicated and fled to parts un- known, and that Senator Hunter, as acting Pre- sident of a defunct confederacy, has, under a flag of truce, asked for another hearing in behalf of peace. Skerstary McContocu’s Srezca,—It is cus tomary when a new Cabinet official enters upon his office for the subordinates of the depart ment to wait upon him and tender their re- spects and congratulations. Such has been done upon the elevation of Mr. Hugh+MéCul- loch to the office of Secretary of the Treasury, and that gentleman took the opportunity of making a speech which we regard as the best and most pertinent that has been made by any head of that department for many years. Among other sensible things Mr. McCulloch said:— My chief aim will, of course, be to provide means to discharge the claims "pon the Treasury at the carliest day pi able, and to institute measures to bring the business of the country gradually back to the specie basis, a departure from which, although for the time be- ing ® necessity, is no less damaging and demoralizing to the people than expensive to the government.’’ This is the key to the whole philosophy of the Treasury Department, which Mr. McCul- loch appears to thoroughly understand, and if he only keeps these sentiments constantly be- fore him, it is quite probable that, with the im- mense resources of the country, we shall soon be free from all financial embarrassment. Tue Savannan Corton Gorno to EvcLann— We see it stated that Seoretary McCulloch has decided to send the cotton, about thirty-five thousand bales, which was captured at Sa- vannah, to the British market. We recom- mended the adoption of such a course imme- diately upon the receipt of the news of the taking of that city, and we are Glad to see that the new Secretary has taken tdvantage of the suggestion, and thus early giving evidence that he possesses that practical ability which is so esgential to the duties of bis position. and of which bis predecessors displayed such a lament- able lack. The cotton referred to would bring at present prices in England five and a half millious of dollars in gold, and it can easily be spared on this side without encvoaching upon the requirements of our own manufactories. Foreign Commerce With Mexico—The Mistake of England. As @ most striking commentary upon the mistake the English government has made in not delaying its recognition of the so-called imperial government which Louis Napoleon has sought to impose upon Mexico, and of the English merchants who have favored his inter- vention in that country, and have claimed that great advantages to English commerce would result therefrom, we republish from our foreign files this morning a complaint addressed by Rothschild & Sons, Baring Brothers & Co., F. Huth & Co. and other English merchants, to Earl Russell, with regard to certain “unusual and arbitrary proceedings” which have taken placd at Tampico on the part of the French authori- ties in Mexico, and by which it appears that hereafter English merchants desiring to ship specie from Mexico cannot do so by the usual and old established channels; that is, by the English line of mail steamers, by which, from time immemorjal, these shipments have been effected and insurance has been arranged; but they must now, “by force, if necessary,” make such shipments by the French line of steam- ers, and to France instead of to England. The eminent commercial houses who memo- rialize Earl Russell ask his lordship “to in- struct, as soon as practicable, the accredited representatives of her Majesty’s goverment in Mexico to take measures to prevent the recur rence of such extraordinary proceedings, and to secure to the shippers of bullion that freedom of action which they have always hitherto enjoyed, and which it is so desirable in the interest of commerce that they should continue to exercise.” But is it probable that Mr. Scarlett, the newly received representative of her Majesty, will be able to change the purpose—the whole end of the French intervention in Mexico? That purpose was to serve and promote the commerce of France, not that of England. Stability and order in Mexico were very desirable; but they were desirable to Louis Napoleon because he wished to build up French commerce with that country. The fact is, however, both France and England have made a mistake in this busi- ness. They have entered upon this interven- tion in Mexico under the belief that the United States would be powerless to have any voice in the matter hereafter, and that they could do as they pleased. The restoration of the Union changes all this. It must row be admitted by all that the United States are to have s voice in the matter. That voice has been pronouriced against the empire and in favor of the republic, which President Juarez is still sustaining. Consequently all the plans of Louis Napoleon with reference to Mexico are destined éo fall to the ground, and with their failure Maximilian will disappear from the scene. In all human probability President Juarez will be re-estab- lished in the city of Mexico before the termi- nation of the coming year, 1866. 1t is not in the nature of things that any set- tlement of the Mexican question that the United States is not a party to can be a permanent one. It is, therefore, to be regretted that as mean- while, by the evidence we publish, it is not likely that English commerce will gain anything from the French occupation, the English gov- ernment has not delayed any complication with the momentary power assumed by Maximilian and waited until the questions at issue shall have been really terminated and the civil war in Mexico closed. It will also, doubtless, be a future source of regret to certain English houses of prominence, whom we have noticed are mixing themselves up with certain bank and railroad schemes with Maximilian, that they had at least not awaited a time when, by the settlement of the question one way or the other, they would have avoided identification with in- vading forces and illegitimate functionaries, whose expulsion from Mexico will destroy en- tirely all the supposed validity of the contracts in which they are now investing their money. All acts of the invading government have been repeatedly declared by the constitutional powers of Mexico, whom the United States still recognize as the legitimate government of the country, to be null and void. As the course of events in the United. States shows that Jearez is to be sustained, it follows that the security of operations with Maximilian may beseriously doubted. It is probable, also, that under the tranquilization of Mexico, through American auspices, the advantages to English commerce, as in California, will be likely to be much greater than under any French occupa- tion or the precarious rule of an Austrian Arch- duke. Already within the jurisdiction of Maxi- milian the duties have been raised to even more than their former rates, and the English bondholders have yet to realize the first cent of dividends since the French occupation; but we confess we did not expect to see under an in- tervention that claimed to be actuated by such civilizing purposes, so flagrant a violation of the first principles of commercial freedom as that complained of by the Regbschilds and the Barings in their letter to Earl Russell. Prepare ror a Crash Amono Bosse Stock Compantes.—The rage for speculation in all sorts of bubble stocks is increasing eyery day. Mining, oil, coal and other bogus companies are multiplying by scores, and at this time they may be set down at some three thousand in number in all parts of the country. A per- fect mania exists on the subject. This may be attributed to the enormous expansion of the currency, occasioned by the extraordinary issues of government notes and the notes of national banks. A similar condition of things was produced in Great Britain in 1826, result- ing there, as well as here, from the undue ex- pansion of the currency. At that time specu- lations in gold and silver mines in South America and elsewhere were all the rage in Europe, all of which ended in a catastrophe that swept all the bogus concerns from the face of the earth. In this country, at this time, the exouse for the redundancy of the currency is based upon the presumption that it aids the credit of the government. The contrary is the fact. People have more money, or currency, it is true; but instead of investing their surplus funds in government sogurit ties they plant them in some bogua Of], coal or mining company, which f finally gure to burst up. Thus is government as well as the small capitalist made to suffer by these bubbles, The ealtor of a leading administration print haa written a pant- pblet in eulogy of one of thee bastard stock jobbing concerns, and has been made a director in the company as some sort of reward. While this administration editor, therefore, is daily pluming himself upon his influence with the administration, he is endeavoring to divert a suppl of the sinews of war—so much necded at this time—from sustaining the credit of the government, its proper direction, to filling the needy coffers of seedy adventurers in oil or mining lands, situated in some barren portion of the country. It is time that some of these bogus patriots and bubble stockjobbers were unmasked. Although the sound companies may withstand the whirlwind, let the unini- tiated prepare fora crash among the oil, coal and mining bubbles of the hour, and stand from under in time. 5 The General Stampede from the Rebel Armies, Desertion from all the rebel armies has taken the character of a stampede. It is a subject that has suddenly become of ‘more importance to the enemy than the nigger question, the cotton burning question, the State sovereignty question, or all the other questions together that the Southern factions have fought over. In all their arguments as to the best way in which they could oppose us the Southern lead- ers of every stripe have assumed the existence of the great Southern armies as fixed points. Lee’s army of veterans, that had fought so steadily over Virginia, Maryland and Pennsyl- vania, was counted upon as a fact not less posi- tive than the iron mountain in Georgia. It was the same with the other armies. The points that were always in dispute were what use should be made of these armies, how they should be supplied, reinforced and com- manded; but these assumed, at the very start, that those armies would remain unchangeable facts. No one doubted that. Those armies were the basis of all rebel argument, and now the Southern leaders suddenly see this basis tremble and begin to melt away. They see Lee’s army dribbling out of existence, so that it becomes shadowy and doubtful whether there really is such an army; and not even Lee can tell from day to day what its numbers are. The foundation of all their arguments is shaken and crumbles away. That this is very cer tainly the case is shown by the extensive and reliable accounts that we give to-day of the deserters coming into our lines everywhere. Ordinarily desertion is merely, one of the diseases of the soldier. It is another expres- sion of the same spirit of discontent and unrest that stimulates the malingerer to his many im- Positions, There has never been an army or an armed force that had no deserters, While on the one hand no cause was ever so bad but men would stick to it, none on the contrary was ever so good or go sacred that men would not abandon it, Even one of the three iundred who ought to have died at Thermopyl# with Leonidas, made his appearance alive at Sparta after it was reported that the whole number had beenslain. But the desertion that becomes epidemic throughout all the parts of a force thaé are upholding the same cause is a very different thing. This sort of desertion is not due to the ordinary accidental causes of deser- tion, which at most would only affect the parts of one or two armies in alimited degree. Butit is due to the same general influences, to the same widespread and universal conviction that first puts ‘a whole people in arms. Deceived by their leaders, the Southern people took up arms to fight for what they believed to be their cause. Now they at once gee that that cause is hopeless, and that they were deceived in respect to it, and they are laying down their arms by the same general consent and impulse wherever they can, and whenever they can. This is the whole cause of the desertion. It does appear that the action of the Southern leaders, after the late peace conference at Fortress Monroe, has done more than any other event of recent occurrence to open the eyes of those deluded men. One deserter has even said that that conference broke up Lee’s army. It is evident that though Davis wanted better terms than the President could give, an influen- tial part of the Southerners would have been satisfied with those terms. It is worthy of note that Hunter, one of the commissioners, was to be the President whom the submission party desired to put in Davis’ place. The Southern army throughout is taking those terms. Many deserters declare that the Southern soldiers would come over without exception if they “knew that their treatment would be so good, and it is therefore evident that General Grant’s order on the subject of deserters is not as widely known in the Southern armies as it should be. That order is as follows:— SPECIAL ORDERS—NO. 3. Heapquartenm, Ansres ov THe United States, Iy tax Fircp, Vinorsta, Jan. 4, 1865. Hereafter deserters from the Confederate army, who deliver themselves up to the United States forces, will, on taki oath that they will not again take up arms during resent rebellion, be furnished subsistence and free transportation to their homes, if the same are within the lines of federal occupation. If their homes are not within such lines, they will be furnished subsis- tence and free transportation ‘to any point in the North- ern States. All deserters who take the oath of allegiance will, if they desire it, be given employment in the Quar- termaster's and other Sopertmente of the army, and the same remuneration paid them as {s given to civilian employes for similar serv.ces. Military auty or service endangering thein to capture by the Confederate forces, will not be exacted from such as give themselves up to United States military authorities. Deserters who bri arma, horses, mules or other property into our lines wit! them will, on delivering the same to the Quartermaster's Department, receive in money the bighest price such arms, horses, mules and other property are worth. Rail- Toad employes, telegraph operators, mechanics and other civilians, employed by the Confedcrate authorities, who desert from their present employment and come into the federal lines will be entitled to all the benefits and im- munites of this order. By command of Lieutenant General GRANT. T. 8S. Bowsnrs, Assistant Adjutant General. CIRCULAR NO. 31. War Derartuent, Provost MARSHAL GENERAL'S OFFICE, Wasiictox, August 31, 1964, Deserters from the rebol army are not subject to enrol- ment or draft, nor are they acceptable as substitutes or recruits. JAMES B. FRY, Provost Marshal General. By command of Lieutenant General GRANT. T. 8. Bowers, Assistant Adjutant General, Unquestionably this order has bad great in- fluence where it was known, but it is an order whose importance and whose possible effect make it proper that some special steps should be taken to make it very widely known to the rebel soldiers. Tae Last Campen ann Ampoy Stavonter— An Iyteviicent Jury—Since the days of the grave digger in Hamlet, “crowner’s quest” law has been # by-word; but never, perhaps, since or before that period, has a more absurd or outrageous verdict been rendered than that of the Bucks county (Ps.) goroner’s jury in the case of the fearful laughter of the soldiers on the Washington train on Tuesday last. The circumstances of this affair are fresh in the mory 6f the public, and we need not repeat them. The jury found that men came to their death by « collision of the two trains—a very sage conclusion; but they exonerate all the employes on it has been ehown that the Philadelphia train had no signal light hung out at two o’clock in the morning, in consequence of which the Washington train rushed into it, smashing up both cars and passengers. Their moderate censure of the switchtender is not less absurd than their whitewashing the employes. It is evident that if such verdicts as this are the only safeguard people have in railroad travelling, the State and national legislatures must lose no time in enacting some laws for public safety. Tae Pamo m THE GotD Market.—There ~ was a panic yesterday among the gold specu- lators. The price went down to 186%. Causes: Secretary McCulloch’s bh; the fright in Richmond; confirmation of Sheridan’s victory; stoppage of shipments to Europe. ‘The New Secretary of the Interior. Day before yesterday Hon. James Harlan, Senator from Towa, was nominated by the President, and unanimously confirmed by the Senate, as Secretary of the Interior, te succeed the Hon. John Usher, who had tendered his resignation, to take effect on May 1. Mr. Harlan isa resident of Mount Pleasant, Iowa, and was early pro- minent in the affairs of the Territory of Iowa. Under the State constitution, adopted August 3, 1846, he was chosen, by ajoint vote of the Legislature, the first superinten- dent of public instruction, and had charge of all lands granted by Congress to the State of Iowa, all escheated estates, and the funds arising from the five per cent granted on the sale of the public lands in the State to be applied to the support of common schools, In 1850 he received the whig nomination for Governor, but we believe did not run. On March 4, 1855, Mr. Harlan took his seat in the United States Senate as the successor of General Augustus Dodge. In 1860 he was again chosen for the termycommencing~- March 4, 1861, and ending in 1867. Mr. Harlan was con- firmed in his new appointment without previous refer- ence to a standing committee, in accordance with the usual rule in the case of a nominee at the time or pre- viously a member of the Senate. Mr. Harlan will carry into his new office great and ability. ‘Wrvrer Garpen.—Thore will be another Hamlet maté- née at this establishment to-day, and of course, if the weather is fair, another of those peasant throngs of the city ladies. In the evening the Colleen Bawn will be given for the benefit of Mrs. Chanfrau, whose admirable rendition of the/part of Ophelia this winter—until com- pelled to relinquish it by illness—was one of the many Mr. Gonzalez, with Madame de Lussan and other emé- nent artists, will come off tc-morrow (Sunday) evening at Irving Hall. SAnperson’s Concert.—The complimentary concert to Mr. Harry Sanderson, tho distinguished young pianist, will take place at Irving Hall this evening. Several well known artists will assist—among them Mrs. Jenny Vas Zandt, Mra, Barclay and Mr. George Simpson, the favor- ite tenor. Nino's Savoow.—The tenth grand concert of Mile. de Katow, the colobrated Russian violoncellist, and Mr. Wehll, the eminent pianist, will take place at Niblo’s Saloon on Monday evening, on which occasion Mr. Wehll will play his famous fantasia from Les Huguenots, which has hitherto given so much satisfaction. Other artists will assist in the vocal part of the concert. ‘Tas Hirrorneatron Mativen ,To-Day.—The new Chi- nose spéctacle of the Feastof Lanterns, which has beem produced on @ séa!é of great splendor, with its proces- sions, grand ballet, Chinese game4of the Curriculum, &c., commence the performances at the maitzcs to-day. Hence those who desire to see it will do well to ‘The pantomime of Mother Goose and the usual eques- trian and gymnastic performances will also be given. Tas Yacut ALARM.—The yacht Alarm, built by J. B. & J. D. Van Deusen, for Mr. Frank Baker, arrived at Fortress Monroe, after a passage of thirty hours, witha moderate broezo—being the average steamship time. She is reported to have proved herself all ‘that could be ex- pected, both as regards sailing qualities-and as a staunch ‘and safe sea boat, Her beat run was forty-two nautical miles in three and # half hours, when the wind became moderate. She proceeds to Port Royal, thence to Havana, and from there will make s trip to Europe. h News from New Orle je ACCIDENT ON THE OPELOUSAS RAILROAD—~TEN ILLINOIS SOLDIERS KILLED AND THIRTY-NINE WOUNDED—SHIPPING NEWS—MARKETS, RTO. New Onuxans, March 4, 1965. A train on the Opelousas Railroad, bringing the Thirty- third Itlinois regiment from Torrebonne, when four miles from the city, yesterday, ran over a horse, throw-» ing eleven cars off the track, instantly killing ten and severely wounding thirty-nino, several of whom will probably dis. The steamers Guiding Star and George Cromwell ar- rived last night. The former sails on the 7th and the latter on'the 8th. Arrived, Mountaineer, from New York; barks Upton and Chief, and schooner Isaac Morse, from Boston. Cotton is in moderate demand, Low middling, 76c. ; strict middling, 77c. Sugar and molasses unchanged. Exchange on New York discount. Death of Capt. George L. Brinckerhoff. Pwitapeteais, March 10, 1865. Capt. George L. Brinckerhof, of the Tenth Now York cavalry, ald to General Gregg. was found dead in bis bed at the Continental Hotel this morning. The War on Bounty Erokers. The campaign against the enemies of the country known as bounty brokers is still prosecuted with unre- lenting vigor. The detective force ander Colonel Baker is as active and successful in its own way as the cavalry under General Sheridan. There were considerable operations Thursday, resulting in the capturo of a num- ber of prominent brokers. Among the prisoners taken and sent to the Old Capitol was A. W. Nathans, who boasted that he has made $200,000 in the Second Congressional district, in which it is alleged he was the only broker regularly, or more correctly irregularly, en- gaged in the business. His mode of operations was by bribes, which were given toa doctor for passing men. This man pt ‘on a great many airs, but not enough to refate proofs of guilt which Col, Baker says he possesses. He was afar more presumptuous man than Andy Johnson, and tead of a plebeian seemed to think himself the very superlative of patricians. Another of the tnost distinguished cay day was the celebrated Joseph Wibel, the Mosby of the brokers, who had his headquarters at Elmira. i$ man had a way all his own for transacting business, He way- laid soldiers, took them into his house, changed their clothes, and re. ted them. He would pay them fifty or one hundred jars for doing him the favor of allow- ing him thus to amuse himself, while he, quite innocent- ly and harmlessiy, dropped several hundred greenbacks in each case isto his pockets, and thus was rapidly ac- quiring an honest livelihood, Colonel Baker confronted him with two of his old acquaintances of whom, strange to say, he had forgotten everything. Finally,one of them showed him aroat that he had received from him, and which he could not have the ingratitude to re- ceive, and afterwards forget who the donor was. Wibes now remembered the two acquaintances before him, and not only acknowledged it, but everything else that Colonel Baker thought necessary to entitle him to a free passage to Washington. Thero are few courts in the country more amusing and more wholesome than the new one in the Astor House. Many more samples of yesterday's work wight be given, but two like these at a time will satisfy all reasonable people—and who else reads a newspaper. Police Intelligence. FED FOR THE NONPAYMENT OF TIT BURN THE ures of Thurs- Goons 8 REVENUR TAX—ALLEGED INTENT TO PROPERTY—ARREST ON SUSPICION. A few days ago Mossrs, Edels & Berkovitch, manufac- turers of snuff and tobacco, moved from Seventeenth street, as is alleged, without paying their internal reve- nue tax, and located at 41 Thomas street. Collector Geo. P. Putnam, of the Eighth district, having learned the new location of the firm, paid them an official visit on ‘Thursday afternoon, .and seized their stock of goods, valued at $1,500, they having neglected to pay the as required by law. Deputy Collector Vincent De La Mon- taigne was placed in charge of the gr carly in the evening the manufactory was closed. About three hours subsequently the deputy collector returned to place to see that everything was nee and, as he on- tered the front door of the building, be heard some one making « hasty exit from the rear. The collector at once raised an alarm, and in ® few momenta officer Brady, of the Fifth preelnet, made his appearanee, He was tov late, however, to make an arrest, as the individual beard in the bdegpe bag Coma fence im into an adjoin’ y y whieh he ae into West Broadwa: "te was ther, be- Heved that a thief had been in the manufactory for the tbe Again fro bleme, although . rpose of stealing; but an examination of ‘ae in oH Pomee ‘showed that thoy had been libseally sprinkled with benzine, about a gallén of which angerous uid was found in a demijohn mye 3 ih! floor, It doubtless was the intention to apply tho fnatch, and thus burn the and conten The goods wore insured for nearly double thett real value, in tho Pacific Insurance Company. Aman named Israol Lavi, said to be in the employ of Messrs. Edols & Berkovitoh, was arrosted o suspi of being engaged ia perfecting the lacondiag: