The New York Herald Newspaper, April 23, 1863, Page 2

THE POLISH REVOLUTION. government, ali of which coaceatrate at St. Petersburg, throagh and Taree of thee lines of comm: are served by rattroads. runs (rom. Its Spread, Its Importance, Its Cra-ow to Warsaw, and from Warsaw to @t. Petersburg, | through Bialystoc, Grodno and Vilna; the other European Character. proceeds from Prussia and counscts Berlia to Ks- ling, Dantzic and Koouigsberg; the third runs from Koonigsberg to Vilna, and thenco to St. Petersburg. The first and principal line of railroad is that which connects Cracow to Warsaw, being a section of the great central Origin and Causes Of te | iid mich extents trom Marseiionto Perle ad fromm Insurrection. Paris to St, Petorsburg. BATTLES BETWEEN THE POLES AND THE RUSSIANS. After the rotreat of the insurgeuts from Warsaw they THE GRAND DUCHY OF POLAND, | Mot Det’ Place called Wengrow, protected at its bw by the Bialowiez woods, into which they might have easily fallen baék in case Of reverses. At that time the in- surgent force amounted to two thousand scythemen, three hundred regulars and some cavalry. Part of these were detached to intercept the approaching Russian col- ugnns, only one of which arrived at the given rendezvous, where it took up a position, Several bodies of insur- gents encountered these columns, and, notwithstanding their inferiority, did not hesitate to fight them. After several hand to band encounters the Rugsjans succeeded in reaching Wengrow, which they stormed. The Poles withdrew after a desperate conflict of five yhours, leaving the city in the hands of their enemies, which, according to Polish accounts, was thoroughly pillaged and de- stroyed. ‘The next great engagement was at Miechow, fear Cra- cow, in which the Russian garrison, composed of eight hundred men, was driven out from a church, where they had found sheiter, and compelled to leave. the place, not, however, without having set fire to it before. Another engagement, ip which the Polish insurgents covered themselves with glory , took place at the town of Wonshock, near Radom, north of Cracow and Miechow. This engagement was not a pitched battle, but a series of small fights, of marches and countermarches, in which the Poles, commanded by Langiewicz, had the advantage. To understand this war it must be borne in mind that the insurgents’ forces are mainly composed of civilians, arm- ed with scythes, without drill or discipline, and inca- Pable to resist the shock of the heavy and well armed Russian columns, but excellent in guerilla warfare, and in those hand to hand conflicts in which persona! courage gives the advantage over mere discipline and superiority of weapons. ‘The campaign of Wonshock, undertaken by Langiewicz, ‘at the head of 4,000 men, armed with scythes and swords, and 1,000 riflemen, will remain as an example of what brave men, animated with the love of independence and a determination to be free, can accomplish. Compelled by the inferiority of his force to recede before the advauce of the numerous columns of Russians thrown onward to crush him at a blow, we see the gallant Polish general running from Kielce to Radom, from Radom to the con- vent of Sventy Krzyz—afterwards burned by the Rus: sioms—and from Sventy Krayzto Slupia. In several of these marches he had the good fortune to meet and de- feat several columns of Russians, taking from them ten guns and several stands of arms. Notwithstanding these partial successes the Russian troops multiplied around him in such large a numbers that be soon found himself surrounded in the town of Staszow, where he was again attacked. This was on the 17th of February. Three thousand Russians rushed to the ab- sault of the place, but this time with less success than at Wengrow. The Poles made so good a resistance that they repulsed fhe invaders and put them completely to flight. One hundred and tifty remained on the spot. The place was deferided a V’arme blanche—that is to say, with scythes and swords. Those who were provided with muskets could not use them, the cartridges and powder having been lost in a previous engagement. This victory could delay, but not change, the ultimate Tesult of so disproportionate a struggle. The Russians had outflanked the Poles on the Vistula, and were threat- ening them on three sides—on Zarnowice, Kielce and San- domir. Langiewicz, conscious of the danger of bis posi- tion, divided his little army into several corps and slipped through their hands. He retraced bis steps towards the north, appeared suddenly at Kielce, intercepted a party of Russians returning from Miechow, threw several of his columns towards Czenstochaw, came down south to Olkuzz, Wolbrom and Pilica, charging upon the scattered columns of the Ruégsian army, capturing munitions of war and provisions, and constantly’ harassing his enemy ama taking prisoners. Having succeeded in making his junction with Jeziorapski, one of bis lieutenants, the Russians drow near from Kielce (east) to Checziny (south- east) and Brezey (south), either party consisting om this occasion of 6,000 mem or more. As usual, Langiewicz, re- tiring to the shelter of the bills and the woods, fought a part only of the Russians atatime. After a bloody skir- mish of several hours, the drawn fight having yielded no decisive result, he divided his troops into two bodies, marching himself towards Checziny and despatchiug Jezioranski in the oppesite direction towards Zarnowice. ‘The Russians, once again disappointed in their hopes, re- tired from the battle field towards the east, apparently desirous of placing themselves under the Kielce guns. On February 28, Gen. Langiewicz was near Wodzisiaw, and in the immediate vicinity of the railway line. He had now placed himself on the very road between Czensto- chaw and the south—a line on which the troops of the enemy passed up and down day after day. Several skirmishes occurfed, in which, as usual, there were the customary volleys of the Russian infantry, the canister shot of the guns and the aimless galloping about of the Cossack riders. There was the same dread of the Polish scythes among the Russians and the same eager- ness to come to close quarters among the Poles. But if the hill cannot go to the man, neither cau the wood to the field. Account of the Places in which the Insurrection Broke Out. Battles Between the Pol the Russians. THE DEFEAT OF LANGIEWICZ THE CONTINUATION OF THE STRUGGLE, The Insurgents and Their Position at. the Last Accounts, &e., &., &e. ‘Tho news by the Persia, which arrived yesterday, ind!- cates that the Polish revolution has assumed proportions Of great magnitude and importance as a Europeam ques- tion, and seems likely to result in the reconstruction of the kingdom of Poland or a general war. We publish to-day another map of Poland, in which the cities and districts where the ingurrection broke out and the places illustrated by the fig’ between the Poles and the Russians are pointed out. We hope there. by to heip those who wish to form an exact idea of the extent aud maguitude of the insurrection, and at the game time follow the various movements of the ineur- gents and of the Russian troops in one of the greatest struggles for Independence and freedom—at least as far 48 principles are concerned—which Europe has yet seen, In looking at our map cur readers will observe dotted with points a space of country bounded on the west by Prussia, on the north and east by Russia, and on the south by Austria. This is the Grond Duchy of Warsaw, to which the allied Powers of Europe proposed in 1815, at the treaty of Vienna, an independent constitution, a Jogisiature and a magistracy of their own, the exercise of their religion, the liberty of the press, the use of their own language, and the exclusive employment of Poles in civil and military offices. In fact, according to the clauses of that treaty, the Grand Duchy of Poland was made as free as England herself, with this exception— that the right of sovereignty was reserved to the Cvars, whose representative was to remain at Warsaw, with the title of Grand Duke. It is to the violation of these Solema promises, to the denial of their loog wished for constitu. dion, and especially to the conscription act, which takes ‘the artisan from his shop, the merchant from his counter, te nobieman from his castle, and seuds them to the icy region of the Russian empire, sometimes in Siberia, una that for an unlimited time, that the present insurrection is mainly to be attributed, To these intoler- able grievauces must be added the religious and social. dnstitutions of the Poles, widely different from those of the Russians; the holy and undying respect for the memories of the past, which is ove of the most striking features of the Polish character, and the deep, embittered hatred entertained by them against the erying iniqui:y committed in 1778 and 1793 by Russia, Austria and Prus- sia upon their country, which they divided among them- selves as robbers divide amung them the fruits of a plundering expedition upon the highway. But that which more than anything else contributed to fender the yoke of a foreign oppression insufferable to the Poles is the last enlistment act. This act, instead of ineluding, as heretofore, every class of the population, spares the peasantry {rom the draft and places into the hands of Russian officials the power of arbitrarily pointing out the persons who are to join the army. This,as it appears, was in tended by the Russian government as a blow at the latent rebellion which for the Jast year or two bas passively pro- tested in the cities of Poland, where secret and public as- sociations were in existence, against Russian rule, and as ‘a means to win over to the Czar the Polish peasantry, thought to be favorabiy «lisposed towards Russia on se- count of the emancipation of the serfs. But the enlist- ment act did not respond to the expectations of the Bussian Emperor. Nearly all the cities of Poland arose and protested against it,and the peasants themselves, among whom the spirit of patriotism and the love of their faith are still alive, bave, in many cases, added the weight of their influence to that protest by joining the insurgents and making common cause with them. These proliminary remarks being necessary to explain the general character of the Polish revolution and the extent of country it embraces, we are now going to point out, as far as we know, the places where the insurrection broke out, where the conflicts between the Polish ingur- gents and the Russian troops have taken place, and where With the Poles secking the shelter of the the contest is still progressing. trees and the Russians keeping in the open THE PLACES OF INSURRECTION. field, the fight, passing through the various ‘The first signal of the insurrection which was to kindle the fire of revolution all over the Grand Duchy of Poland, and among several Russian provinces, took place at War- saw on the 20th of January, 1863. A troop of Russian soldiers, leading to the military depot several hundred folish conscripts arbitrarily enlisted, was met by ® gathering of students and workingmen, who, rushing upon them, put the soldiers of the Czar to flight, and sot the reluctant recruits free. The report of the musketry having brought large detachments of Rus- sian on the spot, the fight was renewed more flercely than before, and soon extended itself to different parts of the city. It was obvious, however, that private citizens, badly armed, without a commander, and unskilled in the art of military warfare, could not resist long the disci plined battalions of the Russian regiments. After a des- porate struggle of two days the insurgents were finally obliged to withdraw and to leave the ground to their foe, who immediately placed the city of Warsaw under s state of siege. The news of the insurrection at Warsaw spread like | wildfire all over the country, and as by an electrical spark communicated itself to various regions of the Grand Duchy of Poland, Proceeding first southward in the direo- tion of Radom, Kielce and Wonshock, !t soon reached the city of Sandomir, situated at the extreme southern limits stages of a skirmish, was prematurely closed on either side, The Russians, in accordance with their old idiosyncracy, declined to charge the Polish steel; the Poles, who would be glad enough to come to blows, had a natural aversion to traversing the distance between the forest and the hostile lines. Hence the contending par- ties withdrew in opposite directions. Langiewiez re- mained unmolested in his camp neer Olkuzz, where be was made Dictator. The total of his forces in the tri- angle beqween Kielce, Czenstochaw and Cracow was esti- mated at more than twelve thousand men—an army hardly inferior in point of numbers to the Russians op posed to him. THE DEFEAT OF LANGIEWICZ. Had the Polish Dictator strictly confined himself to his former military tactics, and not changed bis system of guerilla warfare for more decisive operations, there is not much doubt that he would still be at the present moment at the head of the Polish revolution. But, inci- ted by the love of giory pecullar to all his countrymen, be thought the personal and somewhat turbulent vaior of bis men a match for the iron-clad soldiers of Russia, and, with- out waiting for a supply of guns and rifles, of which his little army was still lacking, be left bis strong position in the rear of Olkuzz, where he was protected im front by | {mpenetrable swamps and defiles, for the chateau of of the Duchy; spread from there to the four other govern. | Marquis Wielpolsti, on the river Nida, from whence he ments of the Grand Duchy, and soon penetrated, through | hoped to reach Kielce and cut of the communications of the Lithuanian frontier, into the various forests aud | the Russians with Warsaw. marshes of that provines. By this unfortunate manq@uvre he exposed himself to be ‘Ten days after the inscrrection of Warsaw the insur. | attacked by the Russian divisions, which had collected in qonts had shown themestves tm the five following govern. | & circle around his former position, and by which, alter ments, which constitute the administrative divisions of | severe fighting, he was gradually driven back towards the Grand Duchy of Poland, vis:— | the Vistula, and his whole corps broken up and dispersed. Inhabitants. | Parte of the insurgents fled ito Gallicia, where they eee eee 1,664,813 | were disarmed by the Austrian troops, and Langiewics ee Se bimseif, who lad crossed the frontier on the night of the a Pot... $30,885 ‘20th of March with an officer of bis staff, was arrested at Sarnow and conveyed from thence to the citadel of Cracow. ‘The principal cities of these governments in which the TER CONTINUATION OF THR FIGHT. Although the reverses experienced by Langiewicz were tosurgents manifested the greatest spirit of resistance are Wengrow, in the government of Warsaw; Wonshock, misconstrued by many German and English papers—the first on account of their want of sympathy for the Poles, the Slupia, Stastow, Kielce, Miechow, &o., in the govern. | second for fear of being involved in a war—events have tment of Radom; Minsk, tao, Jeaow, Sandomir, in the | since proved that the Polish movement was not confined government of Lublin; Plock, Konin, Kalish, Czeusto- | toa bondful of insurgents, but that it had its root in the chaw, in the government of Plock, and Bialystoc and Grodno, sn the government € Avgustowo, very coro, we will not say of the Grand Duehy of Poland ‘alone, but in all the provinces which formerly composed Outside of the Grand Duchy of Poland, im Lithuania, | the Kingdom of Poland before 1772, 1793 and 1846, ‘the places of insurrection are Bielss,on the frontier be. | dates of the partitions of Poland by Russia, Prussia and low Bialystoc and Grodno, Siemiatyce and the large | Austria. forests of Binlowios, between Bialystoc and Siematyco, Kowno and Vilna, ‘The continuation of that fight demonstrates that for a Polish hero who fell ten eprang up from that heroic soil From these places the insurgents have extended their Hine of operations east of these forests up to the Pinsk who proved themselves as great aa the one who had just gone out. Seven days after the retreat of Langiewies im marshes, which have an extent of thirty square | Austrian Poland—on the 27th of March last—we find Couns miles, and are perfectly impenetrable to any corps | Dowgiello occupying the same ground from which he ‘of regular troops. Wo hear by the late news that Gen. Racrinski, baving succeeded in escaping the pursuit of had been driven out, and making appearance in Sandomir, at Sventy Krayz, at Staszow, at Slupia; in the Russians, had succeeded in sheltering bimeelf in the midat of them, aod was building up imtrenchments to de. fact, at the same pinces already overrun by the Polish ia fend himself agaitfst the enemy. The Pinsk marshes aro surgents. From the very extent assumed im the onset by the situated on the extreme right of our map, between Black and White Rassia and Volhynia, revolution it was obviows that the defeat of ove of its joadors would merely be @ loca! incident, which would not In the Grand Duchy of Polana the insurgents communi cate by mewn of the four great lace built by the Ruceian much affect ite general rosulta, At the vory moment the Polat Dictator withdrew from the stagea terrible Gene and wagonlouds of munitions of war. forests of ‘Bialowiecz, which bave already been the acene | of several encounters between the Poles and the Rus- wiaos. General Lewandowski, who is at the head of the insurgents in these regions, was lately attacked by supe- rior forces near Stoczek and compelled to shelter himself behind these forests. ania, there is the palatinate of Podlasie and the marshes of Pinsk, where Generals Czajkowski and Sokol are in command. might wish. We know, however, that there are to be found scattered here and there several detachments of insurgents, one of which is commanded by an officer of the name of Raczuski. 9 tells us that the insurrection is rapidly spreading in Lithuania, and that the peasantry, who belong to the Catholic religion—the same which is professed ta the Grand Duchy of Poland—are burning the schismatic churches. I portions that the Emperor of Russia has deemed proper to put, a8 a measure of safety, the whole of bis army on war footing. General Berg has been sent to Warsaw to supersede the Grand Duke Constantine and Count Wielo- polski, and the city of Cronstadt is going to be placed in ‘a state of defence. The peasants on the Baltic and in the province of Courland, who are supporting heavy taxes, are now joining the ingurgents. home divided into several detachments, and carefully avoid any conflict with the troops, thus fatiguing the bridges and railroads. Kalish, General Oliski, insurgents, who, overpowered by numbers, retreated in good order towards the Lenszyca marsh, an impenetrable ‘Swamp, indicated on our map. In this fight, which lasted eight aays, the Poles were commanded by Micleuski, @ woaithy landowner, and Collier, au ancient secretary of the circte of Wischen, who was killed in the encounter with the Russians. It is eaid, however, that since former are garrisoning Konin, go as to protect it against the swelling tide of the insurgents, who are coming (rom all sides to take part in the struggie. | North of Konia, in the government of Plock, the gallant General Parlewaki met the enemy in several encoun- tors, with various ehances of successes and reverses, Finally, finding himself surrounded by the Russians, he gave them battle at a place called Kowipie, and, cutting through the columns of the foe massed around him, he formed a junction with General Kochanowski, who was himself busy fighting the Russians in the govern- ment of Augustowo, situated in the northern part of the Grand Duchy of Poland. From Plock and Augustowo we now come tothe govern- ment of Kowne and Vilna, placed on the southern line of the Grand Duchy of Poland. The leaders of the movement in these regions are Count Tyczkiewicz and the brothers Rykots,two Russian officers formerly in the imperial army. The government of Kowno has a peculiar import- ance for the Pglish cause, because it is the only one in volved in the insurrection which borders upon the Baltic Sea, and where, therefore, reinforcements and muni- tions may reach the insurgents by sea. This point has suddently become of great importance; for a telegram of April 3 gays that Lapinski, a Polish officer, who some years ago joined the Circassians in their war against Rus- sia, had landed with a well officered band in Courland, a government north of Kowno, There , It appears, several Russian officers who, like the brothers Rykoffs, have joined the Polish insurgents. A Cracow corregpon- deat of the London Times said, the other day, that if a list were drawn up of those Russian officers who have openly taken part with tho Poles, and those who have attacked their own men to keep them from plunder, the list would be already a long one. From Kowno and Viina, the extreme northern frontier, and coming down in a southeast direction, we find the government of Grodno and Minsk, in Lithuania, where the fighting is just as ardent and desperate asin any other part of Poland. The insurrection in these localities is un- der the direction of General Narbutt and several other leaders whose names are still unknown. In the late en- g\gement with the Russians General Narbutt made two hindred prisoners and captured several stands of armg From Grodno; @ southward direction, we find the Kastward of that place, in Litha- In Volhynia the news is net so definite as we News from Cracow dated Aprit in fagt, the insurrection is assuming every where such pro- They start from their Russians by unnecessary marches. These detachments ‘are said to be commanded by Russian officers of Polish extraction, who are deserting the army to participate in the ingurrectionary movement. THE PRESENT POSITION OF THE INSURGENTS. Here is a short survey of tne ecene of war. Not far from the Silesian frontier, to the south of Czenstochaw, is the band ef Cleszowski, the indefatigable destroyer of A little further to the north, between Czenstochaw and the victor at Opatoweck, has a band under bis command. Further north, towards Konin, the corps of Miclenski and Tac- zanowski have daily combats with the Russians. ‘Yhese corps are not badly organized, and there are among them many men belonging to the Prussian landwehr of the Duchy of Posen. Turning to the right, in the direction of Kutno, are the bands of Linkieski. In the government of Plock General Padlewski commands; he extends his excursions beyond the palatinate of Augustowo. Under his order is Colonel Fritsche, of the scythemen. ‘The most important bands in Lithuanta are commanded by Rylski and Raczinski and the two brothers Rykofts, whom we have already mentioned. They were collecting detachments of insurgents in Polish Livonia, and would give the Russians much trouble. ‘The neighborhood of Warsaw has been for some time past disquieted by bands of insurgents under Tchart- kowski, Trankowski, Jokol and Zaweski, whose corps by turns disturb the towns more or less distant from the capital, and continue to skilfully escape the Russian co- lumans sent ta pursuit of them. In the government of Lublin, Colonel Lewandowski, by the aid of the peasants, surprised the Russians at Siavio and defeated them. In this band is Colonel Zakrowski, who commands the cavairy. In the same government Martin Selewel is at the head of a band of insurgents, and other small detachments 0 crate in different parts of the same country, while Czechowsk: has been beatea by the Rusajans and driven back into Gallicia. In the government of Radom a number of small corps have been formed, whose chiefs, not yet known, intend to profit by the lessons of experience, and carry on only & guerilla warfare, avoiding auy great combat with the Russians. if ‘The corps of Mieleuski bas more Prussian than Russian Poles in it, and it will in ashort time have ® Prussian Pole as its chief, Most of them are persons of distinction, rich and influential, and who have not joined the insur- gents until after mature reflection. They do not want for arms. A communication {rom Lemberg states that the Rus- etane have organized flying columns to fight the insurgents in their own way. These corps are composed of volun- teers from the troops, who are allowed a supplementary pay, as well as additional rations of brandy, meat and bread, Peasants are also engaged to serve them as spies. THE LATEST News. The insurrection was said to be increasing in various parts. Cracow telegrams of April 5 say:—This morning 600 Russians attacked 250 insurgents at Zeblahey, between Olltusa and Cracow. After three hours’ fighting the Rus- sians were repulsed with severe loss. A fresh body of insurgents, under the command of Gregewicz, has appeared in the neighborhood of Cracow, ‘and another in the vicinity of Mariampol, They have in- terrupted the railway communication between Kowno and Rydovhnew. Lithuaoia is in open ineurrection. A battle has been fought at Janow, near Kowno, Armed bodies of {osurgents are im the eavirons of Wima, Wilkomiers, Sewale, Tourany and Pontewicz, The peasamte take an active part in the movement. # A Cracow despatch of the 6th of April says:—A con- filct took place this morning at Szyee, near the frontier. ‘The Russians, although double the aumber of their oppo- nents, wore defeated. Great agitation prevailed at Kalish, the insurgents hav- ing approached to within siz miles of that town. ‘The London Times adds that the Polish rebellion appears to gather strength and resou despair, and fresh confidence at the very when cool caleulations, based on the ordinary events of ordinary wars, would have led us to suppose that nothing remained but abject and complete submission. The London Times has hopes of ametioration im the policy of Russia towards Poland, owing to the internal condition of the Ruasian empire. A Vienna despatch of April 10 says:—The Emperor Napoleon bas asked the govemment of Turia whether, in cage of cortain eventualities, Italy would be propared to act as aa artoed ally with sixty thousamd men in the fat Qanaral Caldas tas anewered ta (he aflirmative. NEW YORK HKKALD, THURSDAY, APRIL 23, 1863—TRIPLE SHEST’ declaring that he would pledge himself to be ready with | the requisite force at the shortest notice. ‘THE JOD NOTS OF THE WRSTERM TOWERS. ‘The Aligemeine Zeitung of April 10 publishes a letter (rom Vienna amnouncing that an understanding has beea Drought about between Austria, France and Enghod is reference to the notes to be sent by those Powers to St. Petersburg. The Austrian note will be despatched imme- diately. It does not formaily press any distinct request, but ooatains @ bope that the Czar will restore tranquility, ‘not only to Poland, but to the whole of the Polish pro- vinces. The ame paper adds that the Western Powers ‘have made use of more energetic language, but that their notes do not contain any formal programme. MORE NEWS FROM EUROPE. ARRIVAL OF THE PERSIA. TWO DAYS LATER. Our Paris and Berlin Cor- respondence. THE AMERICAN QUESTION. England Still Active Against the Rebel Navy. The Rebel Privateer. Alexan- dra Fully Seized. The New Rebel Pirate Virginia Re- ceiving Arms and Ammunitio NO MORE GUNBOATS IN LAIRD’S YARD. THE REBAL LOAN. Abandonment of the Intervention Scheme by Napoleon. THE EUROPEAN QUESTION. THE POLISH REVOLUTION. The Netes of England, France and Austria te the Czar. Amnesty Offered to the Poles if They Lay Down Their Arms. The Mew Russian Armament and Defence of Cronstadt, &e., &., &e, The Cunard steamship Persia, Captain Judkins, which left Liverpool at one o’clock on the afternoon of the 11th and Queenstown on the 12th inet., arrived at this port about noon yesterday. Her news is two days later than the advices of the Jura at Portiand, and is of considerable importance. There are striking points in the news:— 1,—The progress of the Polish revolution and the offer of amnesty by the Czar of Russia. 2.—The attitude of England, Austria ano France on the Polish question. 3.—Tne eventualit{es. 4.—Aspect of the American question im Europe and the failure of all intervention schemes, ‘The new steamer Anglia, of the Galway line, had been making her official trial trips at Southampton, and steam- ed at the rate of thirteen and three quarter knots per hour. A meeting bad been held at Manchester to organize measures for assisting the unemployed operatives to emi- grate, An influential committee was appointed and a subscription was set on foot to carry out the movement. An imperial French decree prorogues the Corps Legis- Jatif from the 12th to the 30th of April. ‘The Vienna Gazetle contains two autograph letters of the Emperor of Austria. one addressed in courteous terms to Count Apponyi, ex-Judex Curia of Hungary, aod the other to his successor, Count G. Andrassy. This appoint- ment gives great satisfaction to the majority of the Hun- garians. ‘The grants of civil service for the year amount to £7,002,000, being a decrease of £67,000 Different parties in France opposed to the empire are showing a tendency to conlesce. The Archbishop of Cam- bray will support M. Thiers and the Bishop of Poictiers and Nismes the opposition candidates. It is asserted that the Prince and I’rincess of Wales will visit the Emperor Napoleon at the I’alace of Fontainbleaa towards the middie of May The Montreal Ocean Steam Company's steamship St. George sailed on the night of the 12th instant for Port- Jand, with a large gumber of emigrants from Kingston, Ireland ‘The mails from Caicutta,China and Australia reached Marseilles cn the 10th inst., but would pot arrive in Lon- don in time to be forwarded by the Persia. The new steamstip Poonab, built by the Peninsular aod Urientai Company, made ber trial trip at Southamp- tom, Eng., on the 12th instant, prior to sailing with the India majis on the 20th, She averaged fourteen and @ balf knots per bour. ‘The Atrato, arrived at Southampton, with the West India mails, bringing $984,406 in specie and ninety-nine passen- | gers. We learn from Barbadoes that the Legisiature was tw have been opened the day after the mail lef. The sugar canes were not yielding well, and the crop was act 00d, in consequence of the long drought that prevailed. The Barbadoes Liberal reports that the ship Star of the South, which bad put in leaky, with 600 bales of cotton and 100 tons linseed on board, took fire on the 14th of March and was burnt to the water's edge. Barbadoes trade report states the market had been fairly supplied with cora meal, provisions, &e., from America—prices tending upwards Oar Paris Correspondence. Pani, April 7, 1868. No Intervention im American Afairs—American Inventors in Paris—; Miner Mems—Theatrical, dc. If any reliance is to be placed upon the statements of men high in authority in the French government there 18 now no earthly hape to the South from Prench intervention, ations of France and Russia for any trom statement was made only the day before yesterday by one who should know, if any other than himself may, the ideas of the Emperor. The determination now exhi bited in the matter, the reaction in the ranks of the democratic party, the fall in gold and exchange, have al had & very decided effect here apon the people, and the “powers that be.” and convinced them that the bottom of the rebellion must soomfall out while the loyal States, ehick (ne s-ocesion agents (a Burove bave always taken . among Americans who have come bere high in hope of such partioular pains to represent as og the verge of dis totegration, are mere firmly united aad stronger ever. Indeed, 1 hear thas such is the diaguat of Mr. doll at the present attitude of affairs thet he is now in favor of the abandoumeat of his mission and Mr. Mason's by the Ist of June next, in case by that time the ‘con- federacy’’ is not recognized by Engiaad and Franee, and that he bas so advised his government. During the past two or three years I have never known a time when there has ndt been in Paris at least one Ame- rican with some invention—generally of a wartike charac- ter—which be bas been trying to induce the French government to adopt, Breech loading guns long shooting rifles, pew fashioned cannon and mortars and howitzers, newly shaped balls, bayonets and swords, and alleged improvements upon all the old means of war fare, have been presented here by shrewd Amert- cans, who hoped to make their fortunes in a hurry Dy imparting their secrets to his Majesty. Indeed, 60 great was the rush at one time, that it was a standing joke to ask every newly arrived American whether ‘be hada gun.” In the large majority of cases these gentle- mea have been sadly disappointed; and those who come here with inventions, thinking it very easy, as most of them do, to get at the proper authorities, and even the Emperor himself, are very much mistaken. There is quite ag much routine and red tape nere as in any other government in the world, and it is,1 believe, slower to adopt any improvement of foreign invention than any other, as it is very dificult to convince a Frenchman that anything pertatning to the art of war can be better under- stood by a foreigner than by a native born son of France, I have known several cases of considerable hardship making their fortunes out of the French government. One was a gentleman who claimed the discovery of a new process for tempering steel for swords. After .waiting here a year, afd necessarily explaining much of his se cret, he was told that hig discovery was not new, But had been made some years ago by a Frenchman, and so he was seut packing, after # year’s loss of time, money and trouble. An American here, agent for one of the sewing machine companies, was more than two years busily employed before he succeeded in getting ‘one of his machines before the Empress; but, finally, gucceeded. Qne gentleman I knew was here several months with a model of an apparatus for generating steam by the combustion of petroleum oil, and finally reached the Minister of Marine, who, after witnessing the experiment, assured him that he thought them “very pretty,” but that nothing could now be done with the invention, A gentleman now here, with an arm which he alleges will, with proper drill, en- able one regiment of infantry utterly to annihilate three regiments in the open field,armed and equipped im the ordiwary manner, has now been waiting three months for a reply toa communication to the Emperor, in which he partially developed his plan to him. Among the exceptions to the general failures is that of Professor Doremus, of New York city, who has been engaged for a year in exhibiting before the proper authorities an apparatus for the compression of gun- powder go that it forms a solid mass, requiring no wrapping when made into cartridges. He also bas a preparation for coating it, with which the powder is ren- dered perfectly impervious to wet, while its explosive qualities are not at all interfered with. Dr. Doremus bas just closed with the government for the exclusive use of hig invention in France, receiving a very handsome sum therefor; but not so much as he expected when he came here. Dr. Doremus has now gone to Austria to lay the matter before the goverment of the Kaiser. With the exception of the fect that the statement go in- dustriously circulated by the joursais in the Russian inte” rest, that the Revolutionary Committes of Poland had ordered all further recruiting to cease, and had abandoned the revolution, turns out to be a full grown canard, there ia nothing particular- ly new to say about the affairs of Poland’ Diplomacy still halts or has met with some obstacle which prevents its progressing furtber; while the Poles, by no means dispirited or broken down by the arrest of their leader, still @ght, and still hope tbat Europe will aid them. Rochebrun, the French officer in command of a Polish division, has been in Paris on « mission for the revolutionary authorities of Poland for several days past, and a detachment of French volunteers left here some days my to join the Poles. A bill is now before the Corps | if imposing a tax of fifty centimes per hundred f1 the nominal bag Of all foreign bonds, stocks or other securities held rance. Prince Napoleon's yacht, the Jerome Napoleon, is at Cherbourg awaiting the Prince, who is said to be going to “4 ‘The coolness between him and the Emperor fe upon Shaks| ‘8 comedy of ‘! s Labors Lost.” Thalberg commences a series of concerts to-morrow. It i# said that Meyerbeer is coming to Paris Caizado is still in prison, and his appeal is to be beard on the 17th. ‘The Easter holidays have thus far been delightfully pleasant, and on Sunday the Champs was thronged with ladies attired in the newest spring fash- fons, So great was the crowd that the carri von- taint the Emperer, Kinpress and Prince Imperial, were ob! to go through the whole length of the broad ave- nue on @ walk. A great deal of enthusiasm was ex. hibited, and frequent shouts of “Vive |’Empereur’’ raised Panis, April 10, 1863. Charges Against the Agenis—Represeniations of Rebels— M. Fould and Mexico—Review, de.—List of Ameri- cans, dc. The Confederate loan, which ‘went up iike a rocket,’” is now following the natural course of such fizzling pro- Jectiles—coming “down like a stick.’’ The managers and bolsterers up of it seem to be in bad luck. The news of the failure of Mr. Spence at Liverpool, who is the brosber of the financial agent of the Confederate government, changed the London quotations from @ premium toa dis- count. Mr. Spence, the Confederate agent, asserts that he is not pecupiarily interested in bis brother's affairs; but the holders of the stock do not believe it, and there is a panic among them. The whole thing, indeed, both in England and France, i# looked upon now as a big ewindle, and it is confiently asserted that there have never been any bona fide transactions at a premium, and that fictitious sales and purchases to a large amount have been made in order to gull outside parties into actual investments. Here it is openly averred by bona fide purchasers who have paid ten per cent at the time of sub- scribing upon their stock, that gross misrepresentations of @ character to vitiate the contracts were made by the agents of the joan in Paris—Erlinger & Co, The stock was put into the market at 90, the Messrs. Erlinger stating that it was taken by them at 80, while it is now estab- lished beyond @ doubt that they account to the ‘Con. federate’ government at arate under sixty. In this state of affairs bona fide purchasers not only refuse to pay the balance of their subscriptions, but demand the return of their instalments already made, and threaten to bring the matter before the tribunals unless the agents manifest a disposition to make ap amicable settlement. The feeling of confidence in the ultimate and indeed rapidly approaching success of the federal cause, is in- creasing here day by day, and good stunning victory somewhere would enable Mr. Aspinwall, who is now in Haglind foe toe Vere rere aotens & joan of a bun. dred ue obtain every dollar of it in France, in ‘of nis speech to addition to bis staement, ‘and ie Marquis de Roche 4 u tin. . of the correction io the onilew Hon. J. 8. Haldeman, holm, who wonder a leave of the last four months hia post. List of Americans registered at the American banking houses in Faris, for the week ending April 10:—Joba b. Wood an eis dale, ros, New ort cogn Kiness Mr. and Mrs. . Maina Jon L absence has been spendi in Paris, left to-day on tad roeare Crocker and wife, Mr, David Wo de or wife, Mrs. 8. A. Evans. Philly conspiracy against the King of Prussia, of which affirmed that the Polish Revolutionary Committ) Panic Among the Holders of the Confederate Loan—Grave For some time past there have been vague rumx taken for the protection of his Majesty’s persoa. Condemned him to death, as the most determined of the Liverty and independence of Poland, and tt emissaries of this secret tribunal were on their’ Beriim to put the sentence into execution. The im generat believed all this to be a more toy of Kreus Zeitung party, who are deing utmost to excite the fears of the King and to the liberal opposition, who disapprove of the ,poli¢ sued by him on the Polish question, as linked with t and assassins, from whom he can ouly be saved t, severing in the system of those repreasiens so m) inaugurated by M. de Bismark and bis colleaguos,| the attempt of the student Becker upon the King’s 1861, be has been peculiarly liable to such impre ‘and seeing the effect produced by a real plot, it w improbabie that the reactionary clique should Dimilar results from @ fictitious one, especially at ment when the resistance be meets with in carry: his favorite projects has thrown him into a at morbid irritation, which renders him more than ev posed to attribute the worst motives ¢o bis politi versaries. It appears, however, that informati ectually been received from Paris which would these reports to be not entirely without foundatio it is even stated that the police are in possession, signalement of three individuals who left Paris a fo' ago for the purpose referred to. According to a version, it is M. de Bismark who is the object of tt} tack, in corroboration of which we are told that: mous letters have been sent to the Premier, warning the dangers that threaten him, and announcing that he retires from office voluntarily it will be found nec to remove him from it by otber means. Foal may be a modicum ef truth at the bottom of rumors, but for my part J am atill inclined to rar aeatee eee a ee ee fectio@ gud here in Bectin people bave 6 dominant fact: were put to by gotten what use tho Mivckeldey during the of Frederick William 1\ how innocent it reverses. Their spirits rance of French support, jostly,, that the longer the more they cuming to the rescue. The of the and this 1 the reason why, in they still persevere ia uke have... Warsa\ port and Louis Napoleon to disclaim an; But whatever may be the ‘Das precipitated the E: foreseen and so long ing with rapid strides towards it }rench Emperor may hesitate. ful enjoyment of power an: and chances of @ pew war; ried away by destiny,” and accom] It would which alone would enable him to make head agaw formidable a coalition. If, on the other hand, sbould conclude an alliance with bim, or ouly asset stand nautral, he might carry on a diplomatic war, bos two former ones, either against Russia and Pr: united, each in succession, withvut being u the nececssity of rousing tege “apie from the v deep” which may turn aud the encbauter has evoked them. It is no wonder, therefore. tha does not leave @ stone unturned to secure the adhe-i Austria, and that he spares neither threats nor prom Lo altain an object s0 indispensable vo the success of schemes. The Vapubian l'rincipalities, Silesia, the or i Germany, are offered as the price of her {riendsbip, his influence with Victor Emanuel is employed to ix the latter to resign his claims to Venice and Rome, bus relieve the Court of Vienna from all further ap hensions on the score of their Italian Possessiona Austria persist® in her cautious and equivocal pol ‘Though hating /’russia and Russia, she is bound to t! by the ties of mutual interest. She knows very weil by restoring Poland she would inevitably lose Gali aud as the kmperor Francis Joseph said to Prince Met nich, she has po idea of going to war with the certa’ of losing ® province and only the doubtful prosper gaining one. ihe Lenchtzenberg project, which bas unq: tuonabiy been entertained by the i rench) abinet, tho it is dropped or adjourned for the present, hus increw the suspicions of Acstrian statesmen, and ag yet that Louis Napoleon has been to obtain la th co-operation in diplomatic remonsirances (hat are u ddressed to the Russian government, but trom wt hostile allusions are carefully eliminated. It retur to be seen whether Kussia will listen to these represe: tions; but whatever answer she may give, Louis Na leon has gone too far to recede, and even if he was clined to do so the state of public feeling in Franee wo renaer it impossible. For the momeat his ies paralyzed and his resources ithpaired by the unfortun pedition to Mexico, But by all accounts he has made mind to put av end to it, coute qui cute; and o out of that scrape, be will have full leisure to turn attention to other matters, and the revision of the w of Europe will then not be tar distant, THE AMERICAN QUESTION. The Liverpool Chamber ef Commer and the Alaba: At & special meeting of the Liverpool Chamber of Co merce the following report was submitted from the (o | mittee on the Destruction of Ships by the Alabama "| after some debate was adopted — ‘This committee having reconsidered the question © ferred to it, together with the letter subsequently receiv from the New York Chamber of Commerce, beg lea’ report that the building ye ing, in ports ot ment of the Solicitor General, are susceptible of bet: easily evaded, which appears w ‘be confirmed by the ta of the Alabama having evaded them, ove itbetandst that ber destination was reasonably suspected ; and 'b the attention of our government was directed to ber ons 1 course of construction, with the view of having the a put in force against whenever sufficient legs! o dence should appear for doing ciency Of the act tends trality to the clevge of at some futoré time be tur: Iara thy el aaa Sa tion of the above evils, this ovr Liverpool Chamber of erernmest of the United States, « ‘The Japan and Her Armament. The steamer Japan, uow called the Virginia, whict eset reoeatiy from Vie Clyde fur @ Soulberm.vory, ac