The New York Herald Newspaper, May 6, 1862, Page 6

B NEW YORK HERALD. JAMES GORDON BENBETT, EDITOR AND PROPRIETOR. OFFICE N. W, CORNER OF FULTON AND NASSAU ST8, AMUSEMENTS THIS EVENING. WIBLO'S GARDEN, Brosdway.—Tux Exouaxreess, WINTER GARDEN, Broadway.—Tax Huscuaace. s Wallace's THEATRE, 84 Broadway.—Lapr or LAURA KEENR'® THRATAS, Broadway.eRe.sow ano NEW SOWERY THEATRE, Bowery. re repre ti aes vase eos ’ OLYMPIO THEATRE, 435 Broadway.—New Ortzans— (CAM MUSEUM. Broadway.—Cox, Hore—iavume Wax, 40. at all hours.—. Ams (oR@.:, afternvon and evening. oe mead BRUANT® MINSTRELS, Mechanics’ Hall.—172 Broad- way—K0cen aru, NX MUSIC HALL, 685 Broad: : CANTERDURY MUSIC HALL, 685 Broadway —Son PEOPLE'S MUSIC H. peSoxas, Dawei Pog ALL, 45 Bowery.<Sonas, Dances NOVELTY MUSIC H. 616 re (- an a iC HALL, Broadway.—Insravwes: PARISIAN CABINET OF WONDERS, 563 Broadway. Open daily from 104. M. til 9P M. —_ TRIPLE S Sew York, Tucsday, May 6, 1862, —— HEET. THE SITUATION. ‘The principal feature of this day’s news, a3 well as being the object of the greatest anxtety, is the movements of our troops on the peninsula. Gen- eral MoClellan’s despatches are very satisfactory as far as they go. He states that his troops have thus far taken seventy-one heavy guns, large amounts of tents, ammunition, &c. “All along the lines their works prove to have been most formidable, and I am now fully satisfied of the corrrectness of the course I have pur- sued. The success is brilliant, and you may rest assured that its effects will be of the greatest im” Portance. There shall be no delay in following up the rebeis, who have been guilty of the most mur- derous and barbarous conduct, in placing torpe- does within the abandoned works, near wells and springs, and near flagstaff, magazines, telegraph Offices, in carpet bags, barrels of flour, &e. We have not lost many men in this manner—some four or five killed, and perhaps a dozen wounded. I shail make the prisoners remove them at their own peril.” In another despatch he particularizes the guns taken at Yorktown, and states that those so described do not include the cannon that were in the rebel works at Gloucester and on his left. ‘The confidence with which he asserts that the effects of his movements will be of the greatest importance, and his previous despatches relative to the advance of his forces, give evidence of his full belief that he will be able to capture the greater pert, if not the whole, of the rebel army before they can reach Richmond. ¥ Oar special correspondence from the peninsula ‘Will be found of the greatest interest. It is full ‘and explicit, and the map which accompanies it Plainly shows that the defences around Yorktown itself were of great strength and not easily to have been taken by storm. The number of guns re- Ported captared in these works alone is formidable, ‘without even the consideration that they may have Deen 80 placed as to bring our advancing troops under a raking cross fire. The other batteries at Gloucester and on the left, near Warwick river, doubtless covered the works around the village, Our map sets forth that the particular defences shown thereon were embraced within the space of three-quarters of a mile. Later intelligence from the peninsula states that General Stoneman’s cavalry force had overtaken the rear of the rebels on Sunday afternoon, and forced them to an encounter which, in more than One instance, was hand to hand. The artillery on both sides were engaged for a short time, but in the end the rebel cavalry were forced by our men to abandon their position. The want of infantry pre. vented our men from advancing on the enemy's works; and it being evident that it was useless to attempt farther operations, the troops fell back about two hundred yards to await the arrival of infantry, which soon after arrived, but it was ‘gceemed advisable to defer further operations until the next morning. It was expected that Williams- barg would then be occupied, as the rebels were atill in full retreat. The statement of the colored man who repre- sented himself as Jeff. Davis’ coachman is very g™portant, if true; and as it bears upon its face an appearance of straightforwardness, there is but little doubt of its veracity. It shows that all hopes of the success of the rebel cause are considered over by those most interested, and even Mrs. Davia stated that “the confederacy was about played oat.” The advance of the Union army is looked for with pleasure by the Richmond people, who are half-starved. Confederate money is peremp- torily refused by the storekeepers, even when ten- dered by persons high in authority. Bank and government property has been already packed up for removal to Danville, and all confidence in the rebel leaders appears to have fled. ‘The Merrimac has once more made her appear- ‘ance, and remained out until four o'clock on the 4th instant, when she again disappeared behind Sewall’s Point. It plainly appears that her object is to intimidate rather than to fight. Perhaps the evacuation of Yorktown has been the cause of her retreat, hor commander not deeming it safe to keep ‘out longer now that the fight has really begun. An official despatch confirms the report that General Canby had obtained @ decisive victory over the rebels at Paralta, in New Mexico. The Texan rebols’ worka had been so invested that after the battle they had but two choices—to sur. render or flee to the mountains, where,if they adopted the latter course, they would most assur- edly fail into the bands of the Indians. The news from the Southwest, via Memphis, oon- firms the report of the eapture of Baton Rouge, and the passage of the Union gunboats up the river. General Butler's forces had oceapied New Orleans, and an famonse amount of cotton had eon discovered and soled. The Uniontwts had held a mecting in that city, which was attended by NEW YORK HERALD, TUESDAY, MAY 6, 1862—TRIPLE SHEET. | most enthusiastic expressions of joy at the ar rival of the Union troops. ‘The arrival of the United States steamers Plam- beau and Uncas give us the particulars of the capture of the contraband schoouers Arctic and Belle. They were evidently both bound for rebel ports; but claim to have been en route, the former for New York, the latter for Philadelphia. They have been gent to New York for adjudication. The intelligence gathered from late copies of rebel journals will be found of great interest. The Norfolk Day Rook of May 3 reporta that the rebel Forts Jackson and St. Philip had fallen, and that the rebel General Duncan. was in New Orleans on parole. The Petersburg Express bewails ‘the disheartening run of luck beginning with the defeat ofZollicoffer;" but concludes with the ‘assurance that out of the reach of the gunboats the Southern soldiers will whip their enemies,” be they what they may. The remainder of the intelligence plainly indicates that the most desperate expedients have to be resorted toin order to keep even a little a alive among the drooping supporters of the fated rebel cause. CONGRESS. In the Senate yesterday, a resolution was adopt- ed directing the Military Committee to inquire into the propriety of extending the provisions of the act allowing $100 bounty to honorably dis- charged volunteera to volunteers disabled by wounds and discharged. The bill relative to the number of major and brigadier generals was re- ported back by the Military Committee, with an amendment fixing the number of major generals at thirty instead of twenty, which was adopted. Tho bill was then laid over, without action as to the number of brigadier generals. A bill was intro- duced donating lands to States and Territorie’ which provide colleges for the benefit of agricul- ture and the arts. A joint resolution to suspend all business under the act to se- cure to the officers and men employed in the Western Department their pay, bounty, pen ions, &c., was introduced by Mr. Wilson and re- ferred. A joint resolution in faver of an exchange of prisoners of war was also referred. The Home- stead and Confiscation bills were discussed an executive session held, and the Senate adjourned. In the House of Representatives the bill to pro- vide inereased revenue from imports, and to pay the interest on the public debt, &c., was passed. Bills indemnifying the people of Kansas for losses and depredations, and for the punishment of trea- son and the suppression of the rebellion, were in- troduced and referred. In Committee of the Whole the consideration of the Pacific Railroad bill was resumed. A motion that the committce rise and that the bill be postponed till the second Monday in December next was lost by a vote of 34 against 6l. After some debate the amendments were ordered to be printed. The vote on the passage of the bill will probably be taken to-day. MISCELLANEOUS NEWS. The steamship Hammonia, from Hamburg on the 20th a: outhampton on the 23d ult., arrived at this port last night. Her advices are three days later than those previously received. A com- p tion of the news received by this arrival will be found in another column. ‘The steamer Northern Light arrived at this port last evening from Aspinwall, bringing dates from Panama to the 24th ult. aud over six hundred thou- sand dollars in specie. The Pacific Mail steamer Bogota had atrived at Panama with dates from Valparaiso to the 2d, Coquimbo, 3d; Caldera, 4th; Cobiga, 6th; Arica, 7th; Islay, 8th; Chinchas and Pisco, 10th; Callao, 13th; Péita, 16th, and Guaya- quil 17th of April. She also brought $500,000 in specie for England. Ex-President Montt, of Chile, has been impeached for his conduct in the case of Captain Leslie, of the bark Louisa Braganton, who carried to England, as prisoners, four Chilean gentlemen, banished from Chile in 1869. The case was soon to be tried, and created considerable ex- citement. Everything was quict in Peru. Tho re_ sult of the convocation of the electoral colleges in May was looked for anxiously. The United States Consul in Panama, Col. McKee, celebrated the recent Union victories on the 22d of April, with the co-operation of numerous American citizens, Thirty-four guns were fired by the United States ship Saranac, Commander Lanman, on the same day, in honor of the occasion. Joseph Haines, of Tarrytown, N. Y., diced at Panama on the 20th of April, at the age of 38 years. The Panama papers report the death of S. M. Samuels, Esq., late proprietor of the Colonial Standard and Ja- maica Despatch. He died in Kingston on the 7th of Aprii last. The steamer Shreveport left St. Louis onthe 30th ult. for the Rocky Mountains. She had on board a large number of emigrants from Iowa and Illinois, who intend to form a colony in Washington Territory. The boat will go up the Missouri river as faras Fort Benton. The secession sympathizers in Kentucky are getting wild over the continued flow of intelli- gence of Union victories. They are becoming so which can be.used for tho relief of the families of volunteers now absent at the seat of war. He further stated that the only meaus by which money could be raised would be by the issue of bonds—a course in direct violation of the law; end, in con” clusion, he stated that it was clearly the duty of the general government—as it is in ite power—to furnish the requisite relief. The Board then ad- journed antil the 15th inst. The Joint Committee of the Common Counc on National Affairs met in room No. 8 City Hall yes- terday, Alderman Farley in the chair. The reso- lution of the Board of Aldermen that the unocou- pied part of the dispensary corner of Lexington avenue and Fifty-first street be given for the use of wounded soldiers was taken up. Dra. Willard, Parker and Woodward, who had been invited to attend, spoke adversely to the project. They re- commended that a more central situation be chosen, anda building be procured with ample accom- modation both for out and in door patients. A petition of the same nature, signed by the in- habitants of the ward, was also presented. A sub-committee, consisting of Aldermen Mitchell, Allen and Smith, and Councilmen Orton and Ho- gan, was appointed to investigate the matter. The resolution of the Board of Councilmen appro- priating $1,000 for the relief of the refugees from Florida, and authorizing the Comptroller to draw his warrant for that amount, was concurred in. The petition of the Ladies’ Benevolent Associa. tion, requesting the use of the rooms at the cor- ner of Lexington avenue and Fifty-first street, was laid over. The committee then adjourned. United States Marshal Murray sent a posse of his officers yesterday evening to receive into their custody a batch of State prisoners and witnesses recently arrived at this port as captives of the Union forces. Inthe United States District Court yesterday, Mr. Wm. M. Evarts summed up, on the part of the government, the argument in the case against the British bark Empress, held as a prize. The Court took the papers and reserved its decision, In the Supreme Court, general term, yesterday, the case of the saloon waiter girla was postponed until Wednesday, and the Hackley contract argu- ment until Thursday. According to the City Inspector’s report, there were 401 deaths in the city during the past week— an increase of 24.8 compared with the mortality of the week previous, and 15 more than occurred during the corresponding week last year. The re- capitulation table gives 3 deaths of alcoholism, 2 of diseases of the bones, joints, &c.: 91 of the brain and nerves, 8 of the generative organs, 6 of the heart and blood vessels, 136 of the lungs, throat, &c.; 10 of old age, 57 of diseases of the skin and eruptive fevers, 5 premature births, 44 of dis- eases of the stomach, bowels and other digestive organs; 22 of uncertain seat and general fevers, 8 of diseases of the urinary organs, 1 unknown, and 13 from violent causes. There were 282 na- tives of the United States, 5 of England, 81 of Ire- land, 4 of Scotland, 27 of Germany, and the balance of various foreign countries, Wall etrovt was a scene of great excitement yeater- day, and tho amount of. business done was enormous. Ia ono sentence, governments advanced 2 a 2% per cont, railway stocks frem 1 to 33, 7.9 notes 1, gold %, exchange cn London 1, Money fell to 4 per cout evory. whore, ond deposits were offered to tho brokers at 3. We have seldom witnessed so active a movement in tho street, or 80 genoral a desire to operate. Tho bank statement shows an increase of $7,137,100 in deposits, and. $3 319,523 in loans. The specie is down $122,116, in consequence of the purchases of 7-30 notes from the Sub-Treasurer. The sales of cotton yestorday embraced 400 bales, to go out of the market, on the basis of 27c. a 27 3c. for mid- dling uplands, The annual election on tho Produce Ex- change for officers and trustees to serve the ensuing year interfered to some extent with the movements of business. The flour market was less active, and closed rather easior for common and medium grades of State and Wostorn, Wheat was css buoyant, while sales wore quite limited. Corn was quict and closed heavy, and at rathor easier ratos: sales of Western mixed, in store, were made at 563jc. a S73¢c., with somo lots to arrive on private terms, and at 59c. for Southern and Jersey yellow. Pork was firm, with sales of new mess at $12 750 $12 87% (some holders asked $13), and prime at $10 a $10 25. Sugars were steady, with sales of about 500 bhds. Cuba, and 5,875 bags Pernambuco for refining. By reference to another columa it will beseon that the Messrs. Stuart haves made somo reduction in prices for their refined goods. There was rathor more doing in coffee; a cargo of 3,600 bags of Rio was sold on private terms, with 40 do, Maracaibo at 22c., 25 do. St. Domingo at 18c., and 25 bags Jamaica at p. t. Freights wero steady, with modorate engazoments. The Sccret Policy of Engiand and France Against the United States Defented. On the 8th of November last tha traitors Mason and Slidell were taken from on board the British mail steamer Trent by Captain Wilkes. From that time until the 28th of January, when they were surrendered to Great Britain, the chances of war between this coun- try and Eugland were imminent, and were averted only by the prudence of the President and his Cabinet. The settlement of the Trent affair did not however, tronquilize the mind of our public in regard to the danger of foreign intervention. Though we never at any time doubted our power to put down the rebellion, we had met rampant and obnoxious that it has been found necessary in certain localities to reorganize the Home Guard for the protection of quict Union citizens. The Twelfth and Sixteenth Indiana regiments, whose terms of service are about to expire, they having been enlisted for one year, will be disband- ed by order of the Secretary of War. The body of Governor Harvey, of Wisconsin, who was drowned at Pittsburg Landing, has been found about two miles below Savannah. It was recovered by @ negro slave, who will no doubt re- ceive the thousand dollars reward that was offered for it. The Tammany Society, “or Columbian Order, met last night in the ‘Old Wigwam,” but trans- acted no important business. Some new mombers were initiated into the mysterious rites; but the election of Grand Sachem and the installation have been put offtill next month. The Board of Aldermen met last evening. By the usual statement from the Comptroller, it ap- pears that the balance in the treasury on April 30 was $1,237,305. A resolutton from the Coun. cflmen to procure suitable badges, books, batons, maps, &c., for the members of both boards was concurred in. The Board also concurred with the Councilmen in authorizing the issue of an addi- tional sum of $333,000 of Central Park Improve- ment Fund stock. Alderman Freer presented a resolution directing the Committee on National Affairs to procure a suitable building to be used a8 a hospital for sick or wounded soldiers. Re- ferred to the committee. The Corporation Coun- sel sentin a reply to a resolution of inquiry, stating that the statutes authorize the Common Council to appoint three hundred commissioners of deeds, and adds that there are now, including notaries public, 900 in this city authorized to administer oaths, After passing upon several routine papers the Board adjourned to Thursday next, A meeting of the Board of Councilmen was held last evening. After transac * small amount of routine business, @ lively discussion ¢ weighty questions of adjourning for tem debatiag the question fer about and (aking several votes, the motion was corp ‘The Loard eoweurred with the Bord of Aldermen in their adoption of resolutions of condolence and respect im referen © the late Mchard P. p- ton, who for a sember of years had been connect. ed with the city government. A communication was received from the Comptroller, stating that ee em emia sil Se Ra a ly A AB pe JO pg een , “7 with too many evidences of hostility on the part of both England and France from the out- break of the war not to feel conscious that it would require but a slight pretext to induce them, separately or conjointly, to pick another quarrel with us, so as to afford them a pretext for breaking tho blockade. Thore was but ono certain way of avoiding this contingency, and that was to hurry on the operations of the cam- paign as fast as possible. Under the influence of this conviction General McClellan’s plans were pressed into execution at all points. From the 19th of January, when the battle of ‘Mill Spring or Somerset, was fought, we won by land and water, the following important victorles:—Fort Henry, Fort Donel- son, Columbus, Bowling Green, Roanoke, New. bern, Port Royal, Fernandina, Brunswick, Cedar Keys, Apalachicola, Jacksonville, New Madrid, Island No. 10, Pittsburg Landing, Huntsville, Bridgeport, New Orleans, Fort Macon, Farmington, Fort St. Philip and Fort Jackson—all in @ period of little more than three months. As the result of this series of extraordinary efforts, unexampled in the his- tory of ancient or modern warfare, the Presi- dent is now about to issue a proclamation opening the principal ports of the South to the commerce of the world. ‘We can imagine the feelings of chagrin, mor- tification and disappointment with which this news will be received by the two govern- ments whose clandestine intrigues and schemes to break tp the great American republic imposed this tremendous strain upon the energies of our people. Whatever may be now asserted to the contrary, there can be no donbt of the truth of the averment that both governments were eagerly dosirous to witness the complete alienation of the Northern and Seuthern States, and with this view lent all the assistance that was possible, without violating their own code of international law, to the | rebels. Even before the proclamations recog- | nizing the belligerent rights of tho latter wore issued, the leading men in both countries, with but few exceptions, did | not hesitate to express openly their be. ‘of that i would bo fo thals ‘tora a ae +s that a fival separation should take place be- tween them, seeing the rapid pace at which the United States were outgrowing the European nationsin commercial and political importance. It is very well known that the Trent aifair was regarded in England and France a8 4 most fortunate occurrence, in the expectation that it would afford the two governments a pretext for a violent interference with the blockade. Their hopes in this respect were, as we have said, de- feated by the caution and moderation of the President and his Cabinet. The sottlement of the difficulty, however, had no effect upon English and French policy in our regard; for, ‘as is now known, our Cabinet had secret intelli- gence from London and Paris to the effect that if, by the Ist of May, we did not show that it was in our power to put down the rebellion, the two governments intended to make a case for themselves, by which, without infringing their own principles of international law, they would be justified in breaking the blockade. To this determination they were no doubt led by the long inaction of our army after the battle of Manassas; and the Mexican expedition was undertaken in the same conviction of our being powerless to prevent or avenge it. It was not the intention of General McClellan to open the campaign in Virginia until the begin- ning of April; but in consequence of the informa- tion to which we refer he hurried up his plans and began early in March the brilliant series of operations which are now rapidly approaching the consummation of their object—the close of the war, which may be confidently looked for by the Ist of June next. In the meanwhile the proclamation of the President, opening the principal cotton ports, will at once put an ex- tinguisher upon the policy of the two govern- ments which are engaged in this, the most ne- farious conspiracy that has cver been entered into against the constitutional rights and power of a friendly nation. No parallel can, in fact, be found for it in history, with the exception of the coalition of the monarchs and despots of Europe against France under the Conven- tion. Nor can any other example be recalled of a voluntary uprising of a whole people to defend their government, such as has been wit- nessed here, save that furnished by France at the same period, when a million of her sons rushed to arms to resist the invader. In a few days, as we have already stated, the proclamation of the President, opening the cotton ports, will relieve us from any further apprehensions of foreign interference. No ex- cuse, legal or otherwise, will then be left for it.. Though we may open these ports to for- eigners, however, we cannot promise them that they will get cotton and tobacco. The rebels may continue to keep them back from them, and there is no law to compel us to aid them in ob- taining them. Like us, they must wait until the termination of the war restores trade to its usual channels. Aud when that comes they will, perhaps, find that the events out of which they hoped to gain so much have only weak- ened them, whilst they have contributed to render us greater and more powerful than ever. From our troubles have resulted dis- coveries that have revolutionized the whole system of naval warfare, demonstrated tho worthlessness of coast fortifications, and equal- ized the strength of maritime nations. They will leave us with an army of nearly a million of men—the finest and best equipped soldiers in the world. In this altered condition of things, England may well shrink from risking her North American and West Indian posses- sions and Spain her rich colony of Cuba, by provoking a quarrel with us. Louis Napoleon, from the recent accounts that reach us, appears to be allowing his ambition to over- power his usual sagacity and caution. Let him take care lest he should find another Moscow in the capital of the Montézumas. Trewenpovs Excrremest ws Wart, Sraexr— In our money article this morning our readers will find the indications of the tremendous ex- citement in Wall street yesterday, resulting from our recent victories and our brilliant prospects for the future. The stock market was excessively buoyant and the sales were large. United States six per cent bonds rose two and a half per cent during the day, making an advance of ten per cont during the last fort- night. This rise is unprecedented. The seven- thirty Treasury notes, which it was once con- sidered an‘act of patriotism to purchase at par, rose yesterday to three and five-cighths per cent premium. All other stocks rose largely, and money was plenty at four per cent. Thus Secretary Chase's financial policy is proven tri- umphant, and the problem of government finance is solved. We only need the Tax bill now to complete this excellent record. There can be no more opportune moment than this for passing a good tax bill; for the people are full of hope and courage, and jobbers and Jacobins are the only persons who are down in the mouth. Pass tak Tax Brit.—On the Ist of May the people of Philadelphia began the payment of their yeatly State and city taxes. In conse- quence of the war the taxes are rather larger and the means topay them rather more scarce than usual; but, so far from exhibiting any: hesi- tancy upon these accounts, the taxpayers turned out in very large numbers, overcrowd- ed the Assessor’s office, formed a long line down the street, despite of the rain, and show- edevery disposition to pay their share of the expenses of the war promptly and without grumbling. Philadelphia is « fair sample of the loyal Nort, as far as this willingness to pay taxes is concerned. The old fable of ducks fly- ing about ready roasted, carrying knives and forks, and quacking “Come eat us,” is more than realized in our people, who run‘ about with their hands full of money and cry “Come tax us.” Will not Congress take the hint? Tavriow Weep Sexxina ApsorvTion—Our foreign correspondence informs us that Thurlow Weed is going to Rome bofore returning to this country. His design, probably, is to have an interview with his Holiness the Pope, to obtain absolution for past sins of omission and com- mission—five per cent commission especially— as well asa plenary indulgence for the future. Thus free from sins past, present and future, Lord Thurlow will come back, take charge of the World, with Dana; turn out the nincom- poops who now coaduot that sheet, and proceed to put down the Tribune and its jobberies. Poor Greeley already sees the threatening storm and wriggics painfully; but what can he do against Thurlow Weed, Brother Dana and the Pope o¢ Rome? Jscomms Mass Manta —tIs it not time for the friends of Wendell Phillips to call a mass meeting to condole with that pure patriot on the great success of McClellan and his army ver ‘he rebels aud theis Quaker cung} Approaching Revolutionary Struggles in Europe. The details of the European news which we publish this morning are of the highest signifi- cance, Everywhere among the nations of the Old World we see signs of a coming storm. The revolutionary spirit of the people, which has so long lain dormant, is once more quick- ‘ening into life, and the crowned heads of Bu- Tope may well tremble for the safety of thelr Sceptres and their kingdoms, From England— apart from political evils—the cry comes that terrible want and suffering are felt all through the land. The effects of our civil war are now addressing themselves to the English people in the most practical manner possible. The Thun- derer of Printing House square groans in agony, and piteously asks for American cotton. “The myriads,” he says, “ who a few years ago were reading with tears the tragic tale of negro suffering and wrong little thought that they would one day exchange @ sentimental for an actual participation in thatstory.” The results of abolition agitation have now been brought to their own doors, Hine ille lachryme. The supplies of cotton in English hands are nearly exhausted. Mills are closing on all sides, and thousands of operatives: are daily being thrown out of employment. The efforts of benevolence are taxed to their utmost limit, and the unemployed are resorting to the des- - perate alternative of selling their clothing to purchase food. Worse than this, anew tribe of mendicants is being created; and when the bitter necessities of want and famine shall press the people a little farther the aristocracy and cottonocracy must look to themselves. Well may the English press look fearfully at the future, and warn the authorities to apply @ remedy before it be too late. If employment be not fonnd for the fifty thousand pauperized English tradesmen, and provision made to counteract the “fearful mass of destitution be- hind them,” the British nation must at once prepare to grapple with the horrors of revolu- tion. Nor are the prospects in France a whit more cheering. The scarcity of cotton is severely felt throughout the French empire, though not to such an extent asin Great Britain. Many of the French factories have been compelled to close, and large numbers of their operatives have been thrown upon their own resources. Revolutionary processions have become somewhat frequent, and nothing but the vigi- lance of the police has prevented more serious outbreaks. In the meantime the finances of the empire are anything but flourishing; and, to add to thé embarrassments of the government, as well as of the people, we now learn that the Severe frosts in Lower Burgundy have de- stroyed the magnificent vine crops with which the country was covered. This unexpected event will not tend to mitigate the sufferings of the laboring classes, but rather to increase their irritation and render them susceptible to the revolutionary influences which are at work everywhere around them. The other continental nations are all strug- gling with difficulties no less dangerous and threatening. Popular agitation for cheap food and fuller liberty has never been so unanimous at any time in Europe. From all the indica- tions of the European press it is evident that the revolutionary spirit is once more about to walk abroad in all its majesty and terror. As yet we hear but the ominous mutterings of the distant thunder. Presently the tempest will rage in its fury, and ite course be marked by. the overthrow of empires and of thrones. The rovolutionary fire has long slumbered in France; but it is plain that the people arebeing again imbued with the old spirit that has pre- viously convulsed all Europe. The agitation which oxists amongst the stwtdents and the laboring classes, their street» processions and the clamor of the latter for employment, and the haste of the government to find it for them, are all highly significant facts. In Spain, Italy, Germany, Hungary, and even in Russia, we also-see daily evidences of tho impatience of the masses, and of their desire to deliver themselves from the grip of their oppressors. Opou revolution has not yet spread to England, inasmuch as the whole at- tention of that nation was recently engrossed by the prospect of a war with the United States; but in the natural course of eveats she must be drawn into the g:ne al struggle. Thus we see that Europe is on the very brink of a po- litical convulsion that may ere long deluge the continent with blood. And this is very natu- ral. No great poople can be procipitated into a conflict like that in which we are engaged— for the preservation of national existence, right, liberty, and all the glories that surround nationality—without all the other nations of the civilized world being seriously affected by the contest. The insurrection in this country was designed to break up democracy and pave the way for absolute despotism. These were ‘the views of the Southern politicians, and they rare now beginning to be understood in Europe. The attempts of the monar- chical governments and the aristocratic press to frown down and write down the cause of democracy and.our national unity have en- tirely failed. But their efforts in favor of abso- lutism and against free government have on- lightened the people whom they govern so un- justly as to their true aim and designs, as well as to the motives which govern them. The progress of our arms is watched with eager in- terest by the people of Europe who aspire to be free; and when they find that we are so steadily and rapidly vindicating our national liberties they will take heart and strike for themeelves. Our first Revolution of 1776 pre- ceded and was the cause of the grent French Revolution; and the symptoms now indicate that the present struggle for the salvation of the republic is only the precursor of revolu- tions throughout Europe in behalf of the rights and enfranchisement of the oppressed, and that democratic principles will again be placed in the ascendant there. There can be no doubt, if our well founded forebodings be verified, that tho trained sol- diors of Amorica will have an important part to playin such @ conflict. Here we have an immense army or real fighting men—armed, equipped and provided in the most perfect manner possible. This army is composed of almost every nationality. Its ranks are crowded with Irish, Germans, French, Hungarians, Poles and Italians, and nearly all of these mon treasure up wrongs—wrongs against their in- dividual nationalities—to be avenged whon the opportunity comes. The oflcers who direct this army are wnsurpassed in any military service in the world. To instance a few of our foreign leaders we neod only mention Sigel—a gallant and distinguished son of Germany— Sohegoft. Onterbouy, Gobsthend joany athecs, bee Our Irish officers are numerous and -braveg and besides these we have two French princes in this army, who may soom be called upon to prove their devotion to democracy on the battle field. This immense host—both officers and men—is now being trained in the school of practical war, and in the principles of democratic government and policy, and in less than two years they will all be thoroughly educated in the science of arms and fit. to cope with the armies of the world. Thus, when the time for the regeneration of the enchained nations of Europe shall have arrived, there will beno want of brilliant and distin- guished officers to head the armies of liberation and to lead themon to victory. ~ It is no wonder, therefore, that the ariste- cratic governments of Europe, backed by the efforts of a press devoted to the interests of the privileged classes only, should endeavor to in- culcate an ides that the reconstruction of the Union is impossible. The very spirit of ariste- eratic hostility evoked by this rebellion, an@ by the onward course of the Union arms frou battle to battle and from victory to victory, will only tend to establish the awakening ideas of the people of England and France that this Union, one and inseparable, shall stand, a leat ing monument against tyranny and oppressiom. Let the governments of the Old World look well to their accounts with the people, and do jus- tice by their. subjects "without delay; for the leaven of revolution is at work, and no mas can say how soon the governed may call upon their rulers to surrender the trust they have so long abused. Tag PLoxperers AnD Patriots.—The plua- derers at Washington—which is but another name for politicians in these times—headed by Wilson and Sumner, with Lovejoy and Hick- man at their tail, are still busy abusing our generals and those patriots who are putting down the rebellion and saving the country, While our soldiers and our generals are rapidly forcing Jeff. Davis and his co-conspirators te the wall, the plunderers seem to have but little else to do but denounce them. Since Sumnek saw fit to traduce General Halleck for his lee bors in the West, he will soon, no doubt, have an opportunity to attack McClellan for ocoupy> ing Richmond, and thus defeating the plans of the plunderers and jobbers. The followers and partisans of those agiter tors, and those of any other clique, had better do all they have to do in that line at once, for the tables will soon be turned upon them. The war will soon be at an end, and then those whe have been of real service to the country—the men who have fought our battles, planned an& won our victories—will be the governing power of the nation. The plunderers, jobbers and their defenders will then have to give way te the rule of the patriots and heroes of the wan Like the rebels, they will have to subside an@ “skedaddle” to make room for the true an& patriotic men who have been serving thelg country while the plunderers have been rok. bing and trying to destroy it: Wu tay Revers Fiaut?—The general sub- ject of discussion now is whether the rebels will fight. They ran away from Fort Henry, from Fort Donelson, from Bowling Green, fron New Madrid, from Island No. 10, from Manassas, from New Orleans, and now they have “skedaddled” from Yorktown. Perhaps the Yorktown refugees have an idea.of fighting McDowell or Banks; but they seem/dreadfully frightened at McClellan. The nigger brigade, led by Generals Sumner and Wilson, of the Senate, and Lovejoy and Hickman, of the House, is the only rebel legion which shows the least pluck.. They attack McClellan fe- riously enough, to be sure; but they fight only with the tongue, like women, and do harm nothing but the King’s English. Wilson was once the colonel of a Massachusetts regiment, and then one of McClellan’s staff; but he never could be persuaded to go where any fighting was to be done. Sumner has a great dread of villanous saltpetre, and prefers backbiting te fighting. Lovejoy once made up his mind te whip England, single handed, but finally con- cluded to leave it to his infant sons and thetr posterity. Hickman was always ready to fight the Chevalier Wikoff with resolutions, and showed his bravery by slandering Mrs. Lin- coln. So, on the whole, the prospects of a fight with the nigger brigade are as small as those of a fair batile with the rebels. Tae Fresca and Mexican Expeprrion.—The news from Mexico and from Paris in regard te Mexico is very peculiar, interesting and import- ant. England and Spain have become fright ened and have withdrawn from the Mexican im- broglio. With our Monroe doctrine, backed by the immense army and navy we shall have at the conclusion of this war, England, with her navy of four ships, trembled for Canada, and Spain, with her no navy, trembled for Cuba. Na. poleon, however, has determined to play the hand alone, conquer Mexico and erect a mo- narchy. He has no Canada or Cubs to care for; but France may yet find in Mexicoa second Moscow. Our civil war will soon be ended, and then the French troops must leave Mexico, or we will kick them out. The American people have the power to sweep all vestiges of Eu- ropean monarchies from this continent, and will never allow France to possess Mexico and re-establish institutions alien and even hostile to this country. Therefore if Napoleon per- sists in his rash determination we may be at war with France before three months are over, in spite of the traditional cordiality between the people of the two countries. Tas Narrow Escape or Exoiayn—The French press are congratulating England upon the narrow escape she had from a war with this country on account of the Trent affair, and ask what would have become of the four vew sels which compose the English navy if op- posed to our iron-clad gunboats and batteries? The English journals used to boast that if war was declared the Warrior would cross the At lantic, anchor between this city and Hoboken, and Jay us under contribution. If the Warrior could ever have crossed here, our Monitors, Naugatucks and Galenas would have sent her to the bottom; for we could have had Monitors then if necessity required it: Tt was well for England, therefore that she concluded to take two poor rebels for her pains and back down, after all her bluster. A Worn ov Apvics To Gree Anp His Nia orn Brrcave.—We advise Brigadier General Greeley to grease the machinery of bis Eagle Gun Manufactory, put on a full head of steam, hurry ap the tailors who are making his red trowsers, and get his niggor brigade into the field.. He must make quick work of it, or the ee OH pe otet. while. Ue egurnay i song, 7»