The New York Herald Newspaper, March 5, 1861, Page 4

4 NEW YORK HERALD. JAMES GORDON KENNETT, EDTIOR AN! PRIETOR. OFTICE K. W. CO} TEAM: wh om advance Be ate Sette Be AND NASSAU PTR, L Wills eurvent in New York 87 por anmem att, ein cont y Wedne: AMUSEMENTS THIS BRVENING. ACADEMY OF MUSIC, Brooklyn —Ricotero. GARDEN, Broadway.—EnGinsa Orgna—Bome- WINTER CARDEN, yr 7, opposite Bond street amine —Berer Bal WALLACE’S THEATRE, Broadway. —Cxwtral Panx, LAURA KETNE'S THEATHE, No. 624 Broadway — Bevan Bisreae NEW BOWERY TARATRE, Bowery.—Ros Ror—Rosrrr Mac rima—Ieien MORMON. THKATHB. Chatonsa street, —Axnnose Gwvextt— chores buat ne nove-eebrime Tacuuits THRAIKK FRANCA! SS Broadway —Le Tesrauaxr be Oraee Greovet—tae Canoraes um La Reus " eeosTes, —Brai Nr yy ma, Bomar us Warts at 3 aw 7), o'ovoce P. ML wT Mechanics’ Hall, 472 Broad- way Bonaeven, tosen Daten Beoack CADE. A cat! MIXNTRELS, Niblo's Raloon, [ Rt me a errs OANTERGUEY MUSIO HALL. 663 Brosdway.—Soxcs, pian Bossom ae —-Dies Gas MELODEON, No 699 Brosdway.—Soxcs, Daxcrs, Ben- Leeeuns, ac. mawrortan ones Bew Vork, Tuesday, March 5, 1861, ) Dascrs, Beacesqurs, &c — Piuted.—Cxewourrm's Mixstnrts os ARcKA, de. MAILS FOR EURUPE. Tee New York Hernid—Kdition for Earope. ‘The Cupard mail stoamehip America, Capt. MeAulay, will leave Boston om Wednesday for |.iverpool. The mais for Forope will clove in this city this efiermoon, at & quarter past one and «i half-past five ©'clock, to go by radroad. ‘Dur Fonorman Enrnon oF tim Havin will be published At oleven o’ckok in the morning. Single copics, ta wrap- pore, 6ix cents. ‘The contents of the Bukorrax Kecnox ov mug Hera will cotobane the news receiwes by mat’ and telogragh at tae office Curing the previous week api up to the hour of publication. The News. Y evterday was # great day in Washington, the ©c sion bemg the inauguration of Abrabam Jin- cols, the sixteenth President of the United States, fod (Le retirement of his predecessor, James Bu- chanan, On another page we give a fall account ef all the proceedings of the day from early awn the military and civic dixplay, the precau- Gone ageinst attack, the scence at the Capitol, In- @ugurel address and ceresaonics, installation of ‘Wice President Hamiin, and closing scenes of the Whirty-cixth Congress, and a variety of other inte- resting matter pertaining to the evont. ‘Tho Thirty -sixth Congress of the United States came to « termination at noon yesterday. The Bonate continoved its Sunday night's session through to nine o'clock yesterday morning, when it took a recess for one hour, rr mubling again at ten. The debate of Sanday night on the motion to adopt the Corwin resolution, as it passed the House, was continued, and after different pro- posed amendments hod been voted on and de- feated, the original resolution was finally adopted by 24 yeas to 12 nays. A vote was then taken on the Crittenden resolutions, and they failed by 1% yeas to 2 nays, Several reports were then made to the Senate, and the joint resolution correcting clerical errors in the Tariff bill pesed. At twelve o'clock Vice President Hireckinridge made bis farewell address, after which Mr. Hamlin took the oath as the new Vice President, and the Benate was declared adjourned sine die, Vice President Hamlin then took the chair, and the proclamation for the extra session was read. The House met at ten o'clock yesterday. Great excitement and confosion prevailed, and, as usual in the burry incident to the closing of @ session, many bills were rushed through, and much busi- ness hastily transacted, but nothing of a very im- portant nature. At twelve o'clock Speaker Pen- nington delivered his closing address to the mem- bers, and pronounced the final odjournment of the House of Representatives of the Thirty-sixth Con- OTT appears, according to our advices from the national cepital, that Lord Lyons, the British Minister, has notified the government at Washing. ton that his government will not recognise merely &@ proclamation of the blockade of the Southern ports on the part of Mr. Lincoln's administration, Dut that a bleckade, to be considered such, must he Cfivetual. It is stated, too, thet the French Government, also, will soon give similar official notification, and that this course wil! probably be followed by all the leading European Powers baving commercial interests at stake. In the Louisiana State Convention yesterday # Tesolution was passed to unite to-day in a public reception to General Twiggs, late commander of the Department of Texas under the government of the United States, and inviting bim to a seat on the floor of the Convention. A resolution was intro- duced it the Convention instructing the Louisiana delegates in the Bouthern Congress not to cede any of the public domain to the confederation. The steamship Cahawba, Captain Smith, from New Orleans ond Havana, with dates from the Latter place to the uit., arrived at this port yosterday. From Havana thore is no news of any moment. Vilea of Venezuelan papers have come to hand, with dates from Caracas and Laguayra to the Tth ult. The news is not very important. Farther victories over the rebels ond the captare of one of their best generals are among the items. It lx waid that Julius Monagas wa» killed in @ skirmish The arrival of Gem. Pace was anxiously ex- pected. We have also recetved files of papers from the city of Mexico to Pebroary 17. The confiscation of church property was continved. (f twent two nunoeries in the capital. thirteen had been fuppreased on the 13th, aud the mext day « cler G7 dc 190nstration took place, wuich, however, the Militery put down without bloodshed. The forces of Vicario amd Zuloage have bees rested end daporeed. ‘Oar flee of Hho Jamiero papers are to Jana Sry 19. The only news they contain is in regard _ to the élections, which took place ail over the om- pire on December 39. Hetarns from much of the Provinces as have been heard from give the com wervatives @ majority ove Vberals, though in wome the majority is very trifling, There gover before was an election in Brazil conducte! with moore warmth of party feccling or which coused more general excitement among the povyle, aud fo some places serious disturbances oceurred. In T’crnambuco one man was killed, and in the town of Nazareth, in Bahia, two were killed and some twenty wounded. The Archbishop of the latter provinoe is dead. The twenty-fourth annual commencement of the Medical Department of the New York University took place Jast evening in the chapel of the college Dulding, University place, in the presence of nb Labipbudiate, Chaacolos Dick cep sent by matt wilt be at the | presided, end the platform was occupied by the facvltics of the various departments of the Univer- tity. After the opening prayer Chancellor Ferris conferred the degroe ef Doctor of Medicine upon the succcesful cand ‘We meeting then ad- journed At the Naval General Court Martial yesterday, the testimeny in the case of Commander Walke was brought to « close, and te accused was al- lowed till Wednesday to prepare his defence, Another case isto come before the court in the bape of a charge ef “ threatening a superior offi- | cer," the offender being a carpenter named Tho- | mas, and the officer threatened is Lieut. Henry Erben. At the call of the roll last evening in the Board of Aldermen there was no quorum: Alderman Harry moved that the Sergeant-at-Arms be di- rected to request the members dowa staira to come up. A sufficient number were soon “whip- ped in,” but before the reading of the minutes was concluded some members walked out agai Al- derman Bagley moved a call of the house, and a quorum not being then present, the Board ad- journed to Thursday next. The Board of Councilmen adjourned last evening till Thursday, only eight members answering to their names. ‘Fhe March term of the General Se@ions com- mencei yesterday, Judge McCunn presiding. The Grand Jurors were discharged until Monday neat, in consequence of there being a Grand Jury now in session, appointed by the Court of Oyer and Ter- miner. A notorious character named Patrick Hol- land was convicted of rape, having perpetrated the offence upon Ann Armstrong, in First avenue. He was sent to tho State prison for fifteen years. The police say that Holland is a desperate fellow, and is noted for great physical strength. John Hal- lowell, a sailor, pleaded guilty to bigamy, and was sent to the State prison for two years and six months. The Oyer and Terminer adjourned yesterday until Thursday without transacting any business. The trial of Jeffards for the Walton-Mathews murder ‘was not called on. ‘The Marslia! yesterday made a return to the writ of habeas corpus in tho ease of Ruggles W. Clapp (eharged with false pretences), stating that he held him under a warrant from the United States Court, directing his transmission to the District of Columbia, The prisoner's counsel desired to tra- verse the return, and the matter was adjourned for the day. According to the City Inspector’a report, there were 405 deaths in this city during the past weck— an increase of 13 as compared with the mortality of the week previous, and 78 less than occurred during the corresponding week last year. The re capitulation table gives 2 deaths of discases of the bones, joints, &c.; 89 of the brain and nerves, 6 of the generative organs, 9 of tho heart and ‘blood vessels, 155 of the lungs, throat, &c.; 13 of oid age, 52 of diseases of the skin and eruptive fevera, 11 premature births, 40 of diseases of tho stomach, bowels and other digestive organs; 24 of general fevers, 1 of disease of the urinary organs, and 1 unknown—of which 12 were from violent causes, Tho nativity table gives 263 natives of the United States, 91 of Ireland, 9 of England, 22 of Germany, 2 of Scotland, and the balance of varions foreign countries. ‘There wos nothing of any moment dono in cotton yes- terday. Hour declined Sc. per bbl., closing dull, chipping brands having been in most demand. [’rices of wheat tonded downward, and nearly 60,000 bushels changed lands, Corn was lower and depressed. The principal ‘busines tn provisions was in pork, 1,000 bbis. of which found buyers at steady prices. Rio coffee was sold to the extont of 1,600 bags, at full rates. There was lesa activity im pagers and rice, while a fair business was transacted in hay, hops, tallow and whiskey at previous quotations, Lineced olf was higher and in good request. The sales of Freighta wore dull and naval stores wero not largo. rates heavy. The fb ral Address of The Country no Wiser th: fore—Is Coercion the Policy? It would have been almost as instructive if T’resident Lincoln had contented himself with telling his audience, yesterday, a funny story, and let them go. His inaugural is but a para- phrase of the vague generalities contained in bis pilgrimage speeches, and shows clearly, either that he has not made up his mind re- specting his future coarse, or else that he de- sires, for the present, to keep his intentions to himself. The stupendous questions of the last month have been, whether the incoming ad- ministration would adopt a coercion or a con- ciliation policy towards the Southern States; whether it would propose satisfactory amend- ments to the constitution, convening an extra session of Congress for the purpose of con- sidering them; and whether, with the spirit of the statesmen who laid the corner stone of the institutions of the republic, it would rise to the dignity of the occa- sion, and meet as was fitting, the terrible erisis through which the country is passing. The inaugural gives no satisfaction on any of these points. Paris of it contradict those that precede them, and where the adoption of any course is hinted at, a studious’ disavowal of its ‘being » recommendation is appended. Not a stnall portion of the colamns of our paper, to which the document is amplified, look as though they were thrown in as mere make- weight A resolve to procrastinate, before committing himself, is apparent throughout. Indeed Mr. Lincoln closes by saying that “there le no object in being in a hurry,” and that “nothing valuable can be lost by taking Filled with careless bonhomie as this first proclamation to the country of the new President, is, it will give but «mall contentment to those who believe that not only its prospe- rity, but ite very existence is at stake. The inangural opens by deliberately ignor- ing the trne keene betweeh the Southern and Lincoln— it was Be- NEW YORK HERALD, TUESDAY, MARCH 5, 1861 out of place. to all the privileges and immunities of citizeas in the several States?’ This is « covert fling, of course, at South Carolina, whose recent legiclation on the subject of free negroes, is thue beld up for reprobation. The Union, Mr. Lincola reminds us, has not provided, in the national constitation, for its own destruction; but, “in contemplation of universal law,” it must be “ perpetual "— indeed, and this should greatly console the Bourbona and the Rajah of Scinde, “ perpetuity is the fundamental law of all national goveru- ments.” Therefore, “I shall take care,” he continues, “ that the laws of the Union be faith- fally executed in all of the States.” Later. however, he pays a tribute to the “right of revolution,’ with which his first declarations are scarcely conslatent. He says:—“ This coun- try, with its inatitutions, belongs to the people ercise their constitutional right of amending, or their revolutionary right to dismember or overthrow it.” But he passes on to declare the purposes of his administration, in relation to the States that have seceded—a fact he abstains from directly referring to— ina manner so murkily abstruse, and inten- tionally contradictory, that, at first sight, he appears nearly, if not quite, incomprehensible He tells us that, “in enforcing the laws, there need be no bloodshed or violence, and there Bhall be none, unless it is forced upon the na tional authority. The power confided to me will be used to hold, occupy and possess the property and places belonging to the government, and col- lect the duties and imposts, but beyond what may be necessary for these objects there will be no invasion—no using of force against or amongst the people anywhere.” It is impossi- ble to interpret these sentences otherwise than as 2 pledge to the coercionists that Forts Sum- ter and Pickens shall be reinforced; Forts Pu- laski, Moultrie and the defences of the Bélize retaken; and that Southern citics shall be blockaded, and the revenue collected, outside of euch ports of entry as Mobile, Charleston, New Orleans and Savannah. If such words mean anything, it is war, and the beginning of auch civil horrors, as have never yet been witnessed in any age. No honeyed phrasedlogy, or sub- sequent recantation, can entirely extract the venom they contain. Yet an explanation follows, which is de- signed to cover up, as far as possible, the ter- rible, suicidal threat that precedes it, Tho President goes on:—“Where hostility to the United States shall be so great and so universal as {0 provent competent resident citizens from holding the federa! offices, there will be no at- tempt so force obnoxious strangers among the people that object. While the strict legal right may exist of the government to enforce the exercise of these offices, the attempt to do so would be so irritating and so nearly imprac- ticable withal that I deem it better to forego for the time the uses of such offices.” And again:— “The government, my dissatisfied fellow countymen, will not assail you. We are not enemies, but friends. We must not be ene- mies.” “Suppose you go to war, you cannot fight always, and when, after much loss on both sides, and no gain on either, you cease fight- ing, the identical questions, as to terms of in- tercouree are again before you.” These dis- claimers of hostile intent would be hailed with rejoicing if they could be deemed sincere. They seem, indeed, to contradict the previous terrible menace; but we fear they mean no more than that if the Southern States make no reaistance, when the administration shall be ready to attack them, there shall be peace; the endeavor to repulse the federal government will, however, be regarded by the latter as a beginning of hostilities. We shall soon see. It may possibly be that coercion and concilia- tion have been meted out, in two phrases, to satisfy, equally, the moderates and radicals of the republican party, and that the government is still undecided, with regard to the practical policy it will adhere to. The President philosophises about the rights of majorities and minorities in a common place manner, prefatory to an endeavor to weaken the authority of the Supremo Court, and eape- cially of its Dred Scott decision, by asserting that but a temporary weight attaches thereto, “as each particular case decided by the Su- preme Court, may be afterwards overruled in some other case.” This attack on the highest tribunal in the land, possesses significance, as it ia a quasi-endorsement of one of the pet plans of Mr. Seward, one of whose strongest motives for desiring a national convention, is to effect a reconstruction of the federal judiciary, in such a manner as shall deprive it of much of the power and dignity it now possesses, Not a single pledge or propositson, with re- gard to the future, is contained in the Inaugu- ral Message, from beginning to end. Mr. Cor- win’s amendment to the constitution is referred to by Mr. Lincoln, as though he had not read it; and, at the time he spoke, he was unaware | States, that their property, and their peace, and Northern States, It declares that the slaye- holding members of the confederation have no etievances; that nobody is bart,” or will have « right to imagine himeclf hurt, until the peculiar inetivation i actively invaded where it exist. “Apprehension,” he says, “seoms to exist among the people of the Southern it had passed the Senate. Me holds “its pro- vieion to be already implied in constitutional jaw; although he bas “no objection to its being made exprees and irrevocable.” He was unconscious that he had himself quoted the substance of the amendment of Mr. Corwin, as embodied in the resolution of the Chicago plat- form, declaratory of the rights of the S$ pr rscaal security, are to be endangered. There id © sesteiee har never been any reasonable cause tor euch apprebenriva Ladecd, the most ample evideace to the contrary hes all the while existed, and been open lo Uboir inspection.” The same spirit rum throngh the whole epeeckh Me quotes the Chicago platform resoludon agvinst Joba Hrown, a though tat were on all sulficient reply to objections, and chowhere exclaims: — de it true thet amy right, written in the consti- tation hes been denied? I think not.” Yet, in the line aod o half, which is all that be inks proper to gevote to the momentous question of the common Territories, wut of which hee grown the sectional strife whieh convulses the Calo, he virtually kicks to pieces the whole growadwork of republican cgresions and confosses (he antenableness of their part claims “Must Congress,” be says, ‘Protect slavery in the Territories! The con- wtitution doe t expressly \ A couple ¢ regraphs dey live Slave contain an ach f Wi we lt, but, whi WW Ge 20, de Doe eel gale under the constitution. It is nearly identical with it in language. Of a national convention, Mr, J.incola only ways that “he should favor rather than oppose it,” while “he will make mo recommendation of any amendment to the constitation.”” In a word, the inaugural is not a crude per- formance it abounds in traits of craft and cunning. It bears marke of indecision, and yet of strong coercion proclivities, with serious doubts whether the government will be able to gratify them. It is so clearly intended to ad- mit of a double, or even of any pos#ible inter pretation, that many will content thomselyes with waiting for the progress of events, in the meanwhile, seeking in it for no meaning at all. It is neither candid nor etatesmanlike; nor docs it possees any essential of dignity or patriotism. It would have cansed a Washington to mourn, and would have inspired Jefferson, Madison, or Jackson with contempt. With regard to tho ultimate projects of Mr. Lincoln, the public is no wiser than before. be trusted that ho is yot ignorant of them beat ely It is sincerely to bles respecting the manner of carrying out the Pettey «« Bngiand and France Towards law, and interpolates, for the benefit of bie abolitionist friends a query reapecting free negroes which is com “Might it not be well,” be asks, to their behalf, “to provide by law for the enforcement of that clave in the constitution, which ‘guarantees that the citizens of each State, shall be entitled (ae Two Comftdcractts—Importaat im- (eMigemes for Mr. Lincoin, Ip view of the present posture of the North Awertcan republics, and the proposed policy of Mr. Lincola’s administration to blockade the ports of those Southern States which have se- ceded from the Union, the news which we pub- \irb to-day from England and France must be rgerded of the bighest importance. This in- telligroce consists of an article from Le Pays, of Parw, the organ of Louis Napoleon, edited thy the man who writes the Emperor's pamph- lets, foreshadowing hie role in the political dreams of Europe, and who bas without doubt written the article to which we refer, foresbadowing the part his master sbout soon to play on this conti- pent im favor of the Southern confederacy ; also e telegrapbic despsich from Washington envouncing tbat Lord Lyons, the British Minie- ter to the United States, hae communicated to our goverpment the determination of England not to acknowledge a paper blockade, but only euch ae ie actual and effectual. Now, as it would be utterly out of the power of oar government, if ite naval force were ten tmes as great ae It is, to render a blockade of the thousands of miles of coast from North } Carolina to the Rio Grande actaal and effectaal, the announcement of the Britieh government amounts to the fact that a declaration of a blocknde on the part of the new adminis- tration can only be a mere brutum fulmen of no practical value, and which cannot be carried out without going to war with England and the other European Vowers who ure egreed upon the public law of blockades, and will not suffer their commerce to be interrupted in violation of that law. ‘This intelligence is only confirmatory of that which we have alreadg published as to the policy of tbe British government and British wtateenen. Lord Palmerston, in a speech which our readers will recollect having read in our columns, indicated in very distinct terms that tbe separation of the cotton States from the North must be peaceable. Lord Brovgbum, as “a friend of human improve- ment,” though a leader of the abolitionists, de clared strongly, in a letter which we published, in favor of peace, “compromise and concession.” And Mr. Bright, M.P., @ statesman represent ing the commercial and popular inte- rests of the country, said fn a speech at Birmingham on the 22d of January, “There are clouds—clouds particularly in the West— which promise a great change of circum- stances, and I believe that every thoughtful man at this moment is deeply anxious as to the future; and the question is passing from meuth to mouth, how long will the Chancellor of the Exchequer be able to raise seventy mil- lions per ennum on the industry of the wr ortho Toronto Leader, the organ of the Cana- dian government, stated about the same time, on “the highest authority,” that the home gov- ernment would recognise the independence of the Southern States; that it would not permit its commerce to be interfered with by war be- tween the North and the South, and that it was in favor of a peaceable settlement in the event of a final separation of the States. The Lon don Times, after asserting that “if a Southern federation be formed and take its place among the Powers of the earth, it would become, in fact, the real United States, while the North would be only the rump,” goes on to “earnest- ly pray that, in the event of the Union not surviving the terrible trial through which it was passing, the separation might be an amicable one.” It assigns for its earnest prayer this reason:—“Civil war, in a flourish- ing country and among a kindred people, can never be contemplated without horror by a nation like ours, and we trust that neither the violence of the people nor the weakness of their leaders will bring this calamity on the American Union.” This reason was only in- tended to operate on us, as it is well calculated to do; but the true British reason is that such 9 war would be destructive to the commercial and manufacturing interests of England, and, perhaps, result in insurrection and revolution in that country, seeing that five millions of the population are directly depending on the cotton® plant to keep body and soul together. The London Chronicle of the 18th of January gave the real solution of English policy whea it said:—“The question is, in fact, little short of life and death. Ruin to merchants and mill- owners, and starvation to the rest of the popu- lation, hang immediately in the balance. One year’s failure of the American crop, or post- ponement ot the American supply, would pro- duce calamities worse than any war or famine within modern experience.” To the same effect is the language of Lord Palmerston’s organ, the London Post, of January 21:— England is now threatened with a great danger in two forme—the one immediate, the other not very distant—and that danger concerns not only the national but the very exiwence of luke five millions of the ¢ popula. tion... The first form i» that, in'tho existing state of things in the Southern States of North America, civil war or servile irsurrection may prevent the cotton crop being sown in March or gathered in Septomber. The second is, that aa 600n as tho Southern fereracy has consolidated iteelf it may revive the slave trade, and thereby throw dlficultios ih the way of our obtaining cotton from it as The second of these dangers has already been wisely removed by the Southern confederacy. The first depends on the administration of the Nortbern confederacy; and if Mr. Lincola be abie i6 carry out what he announces in his in- augural, the danger is imminent, for his policy may lead to such bloody collisions as would render a general war between the two confede- racies inevitable. In that event England will undoubtedly quarrel with the Northern confe- deracy. In another article, under date of Jan. 30, the London Post says, that in the contin- gency of civil warin the United States “the eotton trade would be paralyzed, and the sword abroad and terror within would tell with cqually disastrous effeots in Lancashire as in South Carolina; and England, therfore, inde. pendently of all higher considerations, has a s¢lfish motive in preserving the peace.” Hence, the London Hirald of the Sth of February, an- ticipating the official news which we have just received from Washington, says:— ‘Tho United Slates, go long as thoy cohered, felt strong enough to stand aloof from the public law of % but the reccesion moyomont, besides opening up a door for the treaty of Paris boing revised, and , Without exception, the law of nations, ie likely to raise questions of international right, in whieh we ehall have the deepost intoreet. The United States government waa originally fouuded upon, certain delegated powers by a community of sovereign States, who have still exerclsed their inde- pendont povereignty, and it is held by the soceding Stato that the delocated powers may uow bo witherawn, & we mat ascent to this Fight we may claim admiasion to the Southern porta to carry merchantise on the American prin Bad Of Free ships making free rede, while, &f we deny the roll, we shall, no doult, erclude ourselves from the Southarn Now, the treaty of Paris provides that a blockade, to be valid, must be maintained by a sufficient force, and it puts an end to pri- vatecring in Europe. Tue London Herald saye—“Te segoguine the treaty ui Maris would be to make the Northern States of the Ameri- can Union powerless on the ocean.” Yet this is just what the British journal intimates its government intends to force upon the North- ern confederacy in the event of war with the South. Self-preservation is the first law of every pation; and as the United States no longer “cohere,” and are no longer “strong enough to keep sloof from the public law of Europe,” the conclusion is that England will be able to take care of her own interests by extending that law to the American contivent. Such is the danger and the degradation to which the country is exposed by the insane counsels which, for sake ef an abstraction, have driven the cottoa States out of the Union. England is our com- mercial rival, and hitherto we have disputed with her the sovereignty of the seas. She now ex- - ujts in the anticipation that that day eball have soon passed away, and that Britannia, resum- ing her maritime sway, will again “rule the waves.” It is for her interest that there should be two or three confederacies on this conti- nent, and she will not permit the North, if it were able, to conquer the South, and force a reunion by armayor compel it through the ope | ration of a blockade and‘ by levying tribute’) upon Southern imports. x The same policy is promulgated on the part of the Emperor of the French, whose organ espouses the quarrel of the South as “ the vic- tim of Northern pretensions,” aod denounces the North as “the aggressor,” and as “ex- bibiting so much rashners and audacity” be- cause it relies upon the abolition feeling of Europe. But imperial France warns her against the delusion, and points to the present attitade of England as “beginning to measure the whole extent of the disaster which monaces her manufactures, and no longer disguising the fact, in spite of her abolition tendencice, that her commercial interests depend in a great measure on the prosperity of the South, while Burope has 8 deep interest in seeing preserved, at least temporarily, her institutions, now attacked with +o much vehemence.” It is thus Very evident that neither France nor England will permit a blockade of the cotton States, and that it is highly probable they slready have an understanding on the question, as they had in the case of the inter. ruption of their trade in China. And who can doubt that their joint action will be again equally decisive? Should the President, there- fore, carry out the policy indicated in his in- augural, he may calculate not only upon a war with fifteen Southern States, but a disastrous war-with England and France in less than six months. Corrcive Poutcy oF THE ADMINISTRATION— How 1s rr To BK Carriep into Errxct?—Now that it appeare likely that the new administra- tion will attempt to reinforce Fort Sumte: and to retake the property, which bas been surren- dered to the eathorities of the seceding States, it becomes a question of the first importance 8 to how this rather difficult task is to be ac- complished? Congress has adjourned without acting upon the Force bill, which provided that the President should have plenary power to call on the militia of the several States to assist in quelling insurrection. This bill was killed, first, because it conflicts with the con- stitution, which provides that the United States shall protect the several States against “domes- tic violence, on application of the Legisla- ture, or of the Executive when the Legislature cannot be convened.” In 1792 Congress authorized the President to ,call out the militia to put down insurrection but the act was violently opposed, and its operation was limited to two years’ time. A similar acts passed three years afterwards, was repealed. Gen. Jackeon’s famous Force bill was only a temporary measure, and was looked upon as a bad precedent. Thus we sce that Congress, from time to time, has clothed the Executive with doubtful powers to meet extraordinary emergencies; but the Legislature has been careful to resume its paramount authority as the war making and money spending power, Secondly, the Force bill failed because the moderate republicans were averse to coercion until all other means had failed. In this view of the iaaitor, Mr. Lincoln will have some difficulty in finding the means wherewith to carry out his programme. Ho can call an extra session of Congress; bat then he runs the risk of breaking up his sdministration, as has been the case on former occasions, and it is by no means certain that the new House would be any more tractable than its predecessor. He cannot increase the army and navy beyond the limit of tho law, and within that limit he cannot find a suf- Gcient number of troops to put down the soutbern army, which numbers thirty thou- sand determined men, accustomed to the use of armsfrom early youth. As for the nayy, it is quite useless, nearly all the best vessels being at the other end of the world. - Then, again, it is quite probable that a very large number of officers, both of the army and navy, will resign rather than draw their swords against their countrymen. Add to all this the fact that the very moment civil war is inaugurated an irrepressible conflict will break out be- tween the radicals and the moderates of the repubiican party, and it will be secon that it will require wiser beads (hun those in the new administration (to carry out (he progremme which the exigencies of the patty demand. A Test Question ror Preset Lrvoors.— Our recent advices from Montgomery contain the intelligence that Hon. A. B. Roman, of Louisiana; Hon, Martia J. Crawford, of Georgia, and Hon. John Forsyth, of Alabama, have been appointed by the Southern Con- gress Commissioners to proceed to Washington and settle, if pomsible, the difficulties which cxist between the two fovernments ia relation to the distribution of public property. This is a grand opportunity for a display of that much vannted Jacksonian grit which, by re- pablican organs, the cour ty has been led to ex- pect from the new administration. The priaciple has been broadly laid down by the repablicar party and its representative head that the South, being ina state of revolution, is necessa- tily in a state of rebellion. This being the case, these three Commissioners, first, must have the courage to go to Washington and run the risk of the reception which may there await them. If not, they are unworthy of the people and in- terests they represent. Second, if I’resident Lincoln carries out his policy and has pluck in proportion to his inches, he must bave every one of these gentlemen arres.ed on the spot for treason, indicted, tried and hung on Capitet Hill. Let him fail to do this, and he stultifies himself and his party. They will be in Wash ingwu in a fow days, Wateh and prayt sections of the republican party, even before Mr. Lincoln is warm in bis Presidential chair, in which the leaders at Washington and the newspaper organs at the North are hotly en- geged, : We publish in another column an article which smacks of bombshells and red hot shot, from @ very pious and very wealthy cotempo- rary lately established in this city—a journal, in eooth, that has more piety and more richea than it knows what to do with—and which, it is reported, is about to represent and become the organ of the conservative portion of the republican party, which adheres to Seward and Weed, and is strongly opposed to Greeley & Co. It has been asserted and denied many tumee of late that negotiations were going om for the purchase of our pious cotemporary; but we believe there is no doubt that certain noge- tiations are on foot at the present moment, be- tween Bigelow & Co. on the one side and the proprietors of the World, the journal alluded to, on the other side, who, though very pious, find/it hard to get along, some of the subsori- bers having become a little tired of making cen- _ tributions for its support. Bigelow- parted from Mr. Bryant and the Evening Post because that journal was toe rabid for him, and took up his lodging in Abra- ham’s bosom through the aid and instrumente- lity of Thurlow Weed. He is now trying te get hold of our pious cotemporary. as the orgam of conservative republicanism. Indeed, our pious cotemporary is already coming out very well on the conservative side, as may be scem in ite denunciation of the “disunion organ,” which we publish to-day, far better than the other weak and vacillating organ of the repub~ licaus, which is always either up to its elbows in the-Mincio, Or in assassination plots and all other kind of plots and conspiracies at home, and which every Congress has to censure fer the fallacies and blunders of its correspond- ents. The republican party is thus split into two sections, the radical and the conservative, which are drawn up in order of battle, the fol- lowers of the three G’s—Greeley, Garrison aad. Giddings—on the one side, and the troops of Seward on the other. The conflict is evidently going to be a tremendous one, which must re- sult in the final extinguishment of one or the. other wing, and in any event will wind up ia the total dissolution of the republican party. Tae Posrrion or Vircrsta.—From all that we can ascertain by the newspapers and corres- pondents, it seems probable that the publia opinion of the Old Dominion is clearly against secession, and that a very large number of Vir- ginians will be quite willing to eubmit to Mr. Lincoln's rule. So clearly has this submissive feeling been defined, that large numbors of wealthy planters are making preparations te leave the State and to take up their residence within the limits of the new Southern ‘confede- racy. The secessionist party declares that the State will neither secede nor fight. Negro traders are sending their stock to the far South in droves, in order that they may realize om this species of property before its importation is prohibited by the Southern In case Virginia submits, it would be the policy of the cotton States to punish the Old Dominion, and to encourage indirectly the di- rect importation of negroes from Africa by crushing out the trade with the border States. The position of Virginia is exceedingly im- portant, as it is the leader of the border States. Should Virginia be driven to secession, Ken- tucky, Tennessee, Delaware and Maryland would be compelled to follow, and there would be no hope for the building ap of a Union party to overthrow the republicans at the polls. On the other hand, if the border States remain as they are, acting in concert with the conservative masses of the North in opposition to the Chicago platform, we havo at the start a great party arrayed against the administra- tion—a party which will not only keep the radical, fighting abolitionists in check, bat which will also pave the way for the recom- struction of the Union, by tho total annihile- tion of Greeley, Garrison, Phillips and their adherents. It seems to us that the attitude of the Union party in the border States is the very best that they could have assumed under existing circumstances. Whether or not they will ba able to stand erect between the two fires—the extreme pressure from the cotton States and the war talk from the codfish States—remains to be seen. Everything depends upon the ao- tion of Virginia. Just now it would appear that tho new administration had determined to play the game of the secessionists for them— the course which tho 7ridune philosophers have taken, and which Lincoln has apparently ea- dorsed. Ecrorran Ixterrst iy American AFFATR3— We published some days ago an extract from # letter from the Duke of Newcastle, in which his Grace expresses the deep concern felt by Englishmen at the serious and apparently irre- concilable difféfences which have sprung up between the two great sections of the Uniom Tho regret they had inspired, he adds, was not surpassed by the anxioty occasioned by the re- bellion in India, We can well understand this. The revolution now in progress here is, politically and sooial- ly, a# pregnant with grave consequences to the Puropean public as was the English Revolution ia the eeventeenth and the French Keyolution in tho eighteenth century, Should the supply of American Sotion be interrupted by a block- ade of the Southern ports, it will throw vast numbers of pepple out of employment ia Engiand and France, ai4 will lead to serious political troubles, and perhaps revolution, im beth countries. It is therefore natural that Fnglieh and French statesmen should feel aw absorbing interest in the settlement of difi- culties which threaten to react 60 alarmingly on their own tranqaiflity and comfort. ——$$_$____. Tux Locvere av me Narioxar, Cartran— Washington is again the scene of « wild bant for office. It is estimated that there are at Present no less than twenty thousand Place seekers withio tho strict, and the cry is stitl they cone. ~¢ of them are so poor that they carry the. provisions with them, dine in the streets au” steep ta the purlious of the Capitol. We «.c afraid that nearly if not quite all of these patriotic individuals will be disappointed. The new administration has sometLing elee beside paying off party debts to do. Mr. Lincoln and his Cabinet are in @ desperate strait, and must call upon their op- ponents es well as thelr friends for ald and comfort, The important offices tn thelr gift Bust be vendercu to persons quive superier ve . ee s—s—siiarisNsisCiiéii;SCOti‘( .CitstCtitistsisCitsitisisisidsCdCCOi lee