The New York Herald Newspaper, March 2, 1861, Page 6

NEW YORK HERALD, SATURDAY, 6 , NEW YORK HERALD. ONE ' JAMFM@GORDON BENNETT, | DITOR 4ND PROPRIETOR, i OFFICE N. W. CORNER OF FULTON AND NASSAU STS. —— eee TRRMS, cae, #n advo risk of the senier, None HERALD, too cents per copy, $T per 4 THe WRN HARALD) every Kaew i, at" okt, conte, or $3 per annum; the Exropean tition every Wednesday, Cents joer copy, $4 per annum to any part of Great Bi aitup the Continent, both ta incluile postage; the Hiienton the lat, tA ‘tend 2st of each month, at ste sont wilt be at the | Send Gas Cuevent in dane York OF $5 fo an um EU Ey HERALD, om Wedneaday, at four ents per ‘or $2 per annum. " OSRESPONDENCE, containing important FOE ee eT | Fitcratly povid he ag OUn FoRviN COMRxAPONDENTS Ani Panrovtasst Reguastan TO SEAL ALi Lertens axp Pack- sreesees Oe 6O AMUSEMENTS THIS EVENING. F MUSIC, Fourteenth strect.—Marinem Ar | OACAREMT co Un Batuo x Masousns NIBLO’S GARDEN, Diavoto. Excise Orees—Faa WINTER GARDEN, Broadway, opposite Bond strect.— Ouives Twist. BOWERY THEATRE, Bowery.—A Niawt uw Wonpen Wout. WALLACK’S THEATRE, Broadway.—Cenrrat Par. LAURA KEENE'S THEATRE, Wo. 624 Broadway.— ‘Sxvan Sistas p—Wiuo SPEAKS WERY TBAT! ae LD—BikTADAY OF pemasewetn Saek—On0gs OF ak DOM. UNION ro THEATRB, Chatham street.—Tus Jewsss—P. THomeinG Leg: Td THEATRE FRANCAIS, No. 685 Broadway.—Lss Cno- courts po Pere Martin. BABNUM’S AMERICAN MUSEUM, Broadway.—Brains, Bx. JaOx, AND OTUER OURIOMITINS. AT aLL HouRs—THE Dudas, Woxax ix Wuire, 23 axv 73; o'uLock P.M. BD chanics’ Fiall, & Broad. BRYANTS’ MINST! ANCKS, &0.—JACK Cade, way. —Bonrasqves, BoxGs, HOOLEY & CAMPPELL'S MINSTRELS, Niblo's Saloon, Broadway.—Etiiortam Sonas, Dances, Boatesquus, &o.— Borwes at Puaon's. CANTERBURY MUSIO HALL, 663 Brosdway.—Tiget Bore, Sones, Dances, Buntasques, £0. MELODEON, No. 539 Broedway.—Songs, Dancas, Boa- Basques, 40. = NTINENTAL HALL, Paterson.—Canistr’s Mixataaie | we eswras Songs, Buscesquas, Dances, &c. | MoDONOUGH'’S HALL, Middletown. —Unsworrn's Max- sieeLs ws ErmortaN Songs, Dances, &0. TRIPLE SHEET. | New York, Saturday, March 2, 1861, The News. « Our despatches from Washington state that the list of Cabinet officers of the incoming admintstra- tion which was published in yesterday’s Henatp, and whi) is again published to-day, is the true one, The selection of Governor Chase to a place in the Cabinet is regarded as a triumph of the radical republicans over the Seward conserva- tives. It is reported from Washington that among the firet acts of the Lincoln administration will be the reinforcement of Fort Sumter, and an attempt to collect the revenue at the Gulf ports. Should this report be verified we shall soon witness the inau- guration »! civil war. . Ir Congrees yesterday the Senate took up the report of the committee on the proposition of the Peace Congress, and a general debate ensued upon the merits of the questions involved. No definite action was taken, however. Indeed, the proposition meets with as little favor from the border State Senators as from the republicans. In the House the report of the Committee of Thirty-three on the crisis was taken up. The clause providing for the admission of New Mexico into the Union, with or without slavery, as her people may elect, was laid on the table by N. Allen, all of the Supply, gave their evidence. This closed the case for the prosecution. Lieuten- ant J. Irwin, United States Navy, one of the off- cers brought from the Navy Yard at Warrington by the ship Supply, was then examined at longth for the defence, and showed fully the state of dis- tress to which the rescued were reduced at the time of their removal. The European mails by the steamship Canadian, which arrived at Portland on Thursday, reached this city yesterday morning. A telegraphic sum- mary of the news by this arrival was published yesterday, but the reception of our files, which are to the 14th ult., enable us to supply this morning some details of general intereat. The Bonaparte-Patterson case, it will be seen, has as- sumed a new phase, end there is a prospect of its being amicably settled before the decision of the Court is rendered. The indomitable Miss Sheddon has again brought her case before the English courts. A report of the proceedings in the mat- ter will be found elsewhere. We reproduce this morning several extracts from the English press, relative to American affairs, which will be read with interest. ‘The steamship Edinburg, from Liverpool on the 13th, via Queenstown on the 14th ult., arrived at this port early last evening. Her advices have been anticipated by the Canadian. The Edinburg brings $220,000 in specie. The Border States in the Present Cristo Dark Clouds Over the Future. The latest intelligence from North Carolina and Arkansas, renders it not improbable that the vote of both of those States has been cast in favor of secession. In Virginia, also, since the failure of the Peace Conferences, marked symptoms of a powerful reaction have been manifested; ard, J: Leagh a majority of the de- legates to the Richwiwu. Convention were, ori- ginally, in favor of the Uu'on, it 13 not unlikely that they may now decide to ca.t their lot with the Southern confederation. Wntil withia the last three days, sanguine expectations had been entertained that the incoming administration, under the auspices of Mr. Seward, would inau- gurate an emphatically peaceful and concilia- tory policy. The manner in which the Peace | Congress was fostered by conservative repub- licans, encouraged this hope, and no doubt was entertained that the report of the Senate com- mittee, on Thursday last, would be unanimous in favor of the Franklin plan of adjustment. ‘The minority resolution of the Senators from New York and Illinois, took every one by sur- prise, and must have a tendency to convince | the border slaycholding States that they have been unwarrantebly trifled with, if not de- ceived. It is evident, from the most favorable point of view, that even the more solid of the republican leaders, are behind the requirements of the time; and that, through lukewarmness, igactivity, or an overweening desire to retain popularity with the ultraists of New England and the Northwest, they are failing, as the hour of action approaches, to come up boldly to the standard, which they have beguiled the public into the belief that they would unfurl. Republican journals at the North, which are desirous of being considered organs of the Premier, have been at pains, since Wednesday, to re-echo ecngratulations that “time has been gained,” by the negotiations of the last three weeks. “Everything,” they say, “is to be hoped for from deley.” They ayow, wnhesitatingly, the belief that an eternal iteration of honeyed phrases, will convince the border States that “the North mean them no harm,” and cause a vote of 114 to 71. The amendment to the act for the rendition of fugitive slaves was passed—-92 to 85. The amendment to the act for the rendition of fugitives from justice—John Brown negro steal- ers and the like—was rejected by a vote of 47 to 162. A motion was made to suspend the rules in order to take up the proposition of the Peace Con- gress. On taking a vote the motion was rejected by avote of 92 to 66—two-thirds not voting for the motion. The Nevada aud Dacotah Territorial bills were passed. A large amount of business was transacted by the Leg‘slature yesterday. Among the bills pass- ed both houses were those for the better regula- tion oi the New York Fire Department, and cre- ating a Board of Appeals for firemen. The bill extending the term of the Central Park Commis- Bioners passed the Senate. Our readers are re- ferred to our despatches and reports in another column for details, The Senate has adjourned till next Thursday. Major Anderson, who is in daily commnnica- tion with the War Department, writes that the batteries and other works of the South Caroli- Bians are nearly completed, and that unless the Southern Congress interpose, he expects Fort Sumter will be attacked immediately after the 4th inst. It appears that there iso large party in South Carolina who ignore the Southern Congress, particularly as regards military operations in Charleston harbor, while the Governor and the Conservatives generally are disposed te abide by the directions of the authorities of the Confede- rate States. Late accounts from Texas furnish an explana- tion of Gen. Twiggs’ connection with the recent seizure of the federal property in that State. On the night of the 15th ult. Major Ben McCullough, at the head of eight hundred rangers, entered the | town of San Antonio, and in the name of the State | Convention seized upon the arsenal and stores at that place. After the seizure McCullough and Gon. Twiggs entered into negotiations; and while the negotiations were going on Gen. Twiggs re- ceived notice that he had been superseded in his command by Col. Waite. Gex. Twiggs immedi- | ately turned the matter over to Col. Waite. In | consequence of this change in the aspect of the affair, the case of Gen. Twiggs has been suspend- | ed by the War Department until the receipt of official information. | A despatch from the Secretary of the Treasury | of the Southern republic, dated 25th ult., to the Collector of the port of Charleston, contains the | following important information to the mercantile | community:—‘Congress has just passed an aot | defining more accurately the act of the 18th | February. The exemption froff duty is defined@o | extend to goods which have been purchased bona | fide, on or before the 28th inst., and which have | been Inden on board the vessel for export on or | before the 16th of March. I will send you a copy of the act by mail. Your construction of the act, putting in force the laws of the United States, ix correct. All duties are required to be paid in ooin.”’ The well known hotel of Mr. Cozzans, at Weat Point, together with the cotteges and outbuild- ings, were cntirely destroyed by fire yosterday. ‘The loss is estimated at £100,000. The fire waa caused by sparks from a kettle of burning coal on the roof, which a careless workman, who was making repairs, left there while he went to dinner, | The ice in the Hudson river at Albany com- | Menced moving on Thursday, and yesterday the | ferry boats resumed their regniar trips. A speedy resumption of river navigation {s anticipated The Naval General Court Martial reaseembled yesterday at the Lyceum, Brooklyn Navy Yard, for the purpose of continuing the examination into the case of Commander Walke. The first testimo- ny takon was clicited by the cross-examination of Paymaster Dunn. Commodore Armstrong was then recalled, after which Lieutenants William 1, Predford and Henry Erben, and Sailing Master W. | them to sink, parsive and supine, into willing acquiescence in republican rule. If these dicta of pegudo-mouthpleces of Mr. Seward, approxi- mate, in any measure, to his own sentiments and intentions, the prospect opening upon the country, is darker, gloomier and more despe- rate, than it has been at any time before. The people of North Carolina, Virginia, Maryland, Arkansas and Kentucky, have only been held in check, and prevented from joining the cot- top States, by the emphatic assurance of their conservative leaders, that every reasonable de- mand of the South would be explicitly granted by the incoming government. Not one slave- holding State will be satisfied with so paltry a sop as the Corwin bill, which passed the House of Representatives on Thursday, or withan en- abling act Ike that of Mr. Adams, which is but a sneaking adaptation of the Chicago platform to new music, and is avowedly intended to ac- complish abolitionist objects, under a plausible disguise. Such propositions are simply insult- ing, and their inevitable result must be to kindle into a blaze the secession feeling in the border States. Yet, there are indications that | the inaugural of Mr. Lincoln will recommend | little if anything more, and that Mr. Seward will attempt to enforce no programme based upon more enlarged views of inter-State po- licy. It bas been supposed that the more far-sight- ed siatesmen in the republican ranks had de- termined to accept, as the necessary baste for a reconstruction of the Union, and the perpe- tuation of their own supremacy, the balance of power es it exists in the border slaveholding States, and that whatever should be persistently asked for by these latter, would be substan- tially conceded. The rejection by the Senate, at the instance of Mr. Seward, of the peace propositions, shows that this hope was over- sanguine. The errors that are being made by Mr. Lincoln, in choosing his future advisers; his strong bias in favor of the Massachusetts school of abolition polities; Seward’s own in- | eradicable craft, subtlety, and, it must be added, want of moral courage; are discourag- ing signs, to which the warlike preparations that are being made by the cotton States, and the care that has been taken by republicans to provide the new government, at Washing. ton, with an abundance of money, give fear- ful potency. Had the eelection of a thoroughly homogeneous and conecrvative Cabinet, ex- cluding every ultraist clement, been succeeded by an inaugural, recommending broad mea- | sures of conciliation, and promising to call to- gether, at once, an extra session of Congress to carry them out, a new ora of prosperity would have dawned upon a grateful country; but it is to be feared that none of these things are to be hoped for; and from the hour that the border States become persuaded that their just demands have been slighted, it is not to be doubted that they will retrograde their ro- cent action and cast their lot with their ha- bitual allies, of over seventy years past. President Davis, at Montgomery, is making every preparation for a bloody contest. He hos no apparent faith in the promises that have been made, or the delusive expectations thai have been held out, by the North. His govern- ment is evidently well informed respecting everything that takes place at Washington, and the threats have undoubtedly reached him that after the Vourth of March, Fort Samter will be reinforced, Fort Pickens retaken, and the rev. enue collected, at the entrance of Soutfern har a eS ‘MARCH 2, 1861.—TRIPLE SHEET. bors, by a blockading force. He is rallying the etrength of the withdrawing States, to reeist any such sggressive and impoli- tic movements, If they are really in- tended by the incoming administration, it will add fresh and unappeasable cause of discontent to the anti-Union feeling, already existing in the border members of the confed- eracy. They will neither consent to taking up arms against thelr brethren; nor will they re- main neutral while their own territory is made a battle ground by abolitionists against slavery. Hositilities will not have commenced, before they will have taken a decided stand egainet the North, and cerry ranks with Geor- gia, Louisiana and South Carolina, to resist a common foe. ‘The prospect before the country is cheerless in the extreme. There is still time, perhaps, for reconsideration; but the indications are, that the expectations wich had been formed from Mr. Seward’e Premicrehip are doomed to be disappointed, and thet he will fail to realize the hopes which had Leen based upon his saga- city and ambition, as well as upon his patriot- ism. Tur Revowwrion anp THE Courss or Trapt.— There bas been a great deal of flurry in bus!- nees circles in this city for a few days past, sending off goods to the South purchased before the Ist of March, on which day the new tariff takes effect. The Congress of the Confederated Statcs have adopted e tariff similar to that of the United States, imposing the same duties on goods coming from the Northern States as we now pay on those imported from Europe. South Carolina wanted to establish free trade, but ehe covld not have her way in that respéct; so that in future the products and manufactures of the North will have to enter the Southern market subject to the same impost as foreign goods. The new tariff adopted by the Congrees at Washington, if it should become law—which it will unless Mr. Buchanan keeps it in bis breeches pocket—will surround our commerce with Isurope with so many obstruc- tions and difficulties that, in conjunction with the disadvantages of the Soathern tariff, New York will receive a blow more sovere than any it has experienced within fifty years. The trade of the Southern States, and of the cotion States especially, is of more importance to New York, and indirectly to Boston and Philadelphia also, than the whole trade of the West put together. And for the reason that it is more safe and reliable; because the Southern planter bas a fixed locality and a certain pro- perty; he hag his plantations and his negrocs; he is always to be found, and he has on the spot a security for his indebtedness. Hence his pay is always prompt. But in the Northweet, on the other band, society is like » quicksand; it Is continually shifting and changing, rising and falling. here is nothing stable or perma- nent about it. Its ability to pay is dependent upon uncertain crops; there is very little money there, and it is extremely difficult to collect accounts in that eection, as many of our merchants know. . The cffect of theee two tariffs, then, upon our trade with the best and most reliable portion of the country will be most disastrously felt ia all the Northern cities. We learn that even now some of the largest houses in the Southern trede in this city, who have not already failed, are preparing to wind up their affairs and aban- don business entirely. The result of this, as regards the value of property, rents and real estate, can be readily seen. Within two months from this time it will probably be depreciated from twenty to forty per cent. A Rar Uron Wasnrxarox.—Genersl Scott, Mr. Fouché Kennedy and several other weil meaning persons have been much exercised in their minds of late by tho ruruurs that C overnor Wire and a band of marauders from Maryland and Virginia contemplated a raid upon the Capitol, with a view of seizing upon the public property, and killing off the personnel of the incoming administration. We believe that no one except Mr. Fouché Kennedy is now afraid of Wise & Co., but there has been a descent of Goths and Vandals upon Washington, and they came in the she pe of Western politicians, more numerous and troublesome than the locrsts that deveured the substance of the Egyptians. They all have designs on the public treasury, and it is not improbable that they will kil! off the President elect, as they did Harrison in 1841. Every man of them has known Old Abe since he was born; more than flve hundred have been on board the same flatboat, and taken whiskey out of the same tin cup with him. As for the rail splitters who have worked side by side with the second Washington, they are as numerous as the sands on the sea shore, As Lincoln is fond of story telling, he can repeat to them the yarn about the boy who said all his little brothers and sisters had the measles, and he was only deprived of the same luxury be- cause there were “not measles enough to go round.” And so be must send them about their business, for every man—even country politi- cians— has business, such as it is# New York Crry Lonsy Scurams av Atpany.— A short time ago a number of very lachrymose letters eppeared in one of the city journals, bitterly bewailing over the state of the country and the corruptions of the wicked politicians. These pathetic lucubrations bore the signature of a distinguished individual, Mr. John L. O'Sullivan, who lately represented this govern- ment at the Court of Lisbon. No one vould understand the cause of this sudden solicitude on the part of Mr. O'Sullivan, but it now appears that he desired to place before us the full details of our awful situation, in order to prepare us for the only remedy, which is, sin- gularly enough, o railway from the South ferry through Broadway to Fifty-ninth street, Central Park. Mr. O'Sullivan’s grief can be assuaged, and the perils of the counccy averted, only by the passage of a bill which give#him gratis a city franchise worth at least a million of dollars. That is paying protty high for a pocket handkerchief; but Mr. O'Sullivan gays that the Broadway Railroad is the only thing that will answer hie purpose and save the country at the same time. We should like to eee him get it—that’s all. —————__——_—- Praven Mentt.cs —We have heard but little lately of those prayer gatherings which, under the name of religious revivals, so inflamed the zeal of the godly disposed. Prayer is at all times a good thing, but there are seasons when it is more than ever called for. Tho law of supply and demand would appear, however, at ‘The Five Great Powers and the State of Europe—A Lesson for Ourselves. The armed state of preparation in which we now find the whole of is one of the great signs of the times, equally worthy of the attention of the student of history and the po- litical economist, and one from which a grand moral may be d:awn for the guidance of states- men and the improvement of philosophers. Let us take @ broad glance at the five great Powers. The ring of thearsenals of France first arrests our attention. There we see all the machinery of war being made and perfected on a soalo and with a rapidity which eclipses what we saw when Louis Napoleon was making ready for the struggle which carried bim in victory to the field of Solferino and the memorable meeting with Francis Jozeph at Villafranca. We natu- rally inquire, why this hum of aotivity and these vaet augmentations of an already colossal army, and with the Emperor's last in- augural address fresh in,our recollection, we feel apprehensive of danger at hand. We turn our oyes to his fleet, and bebold the same busy hand at work fur- nishing new equipments and more formidable engines of war, and converting steamers that before only served the wants of commerce into imstuments of destruction or efficient transports.’ An ariny of three-fourths of « mil- lion of mep, whose number is daily on the in- crease, can, .we should hardly think, when sur- rounded by such circuustaaces aa these, re- main long idle. We turn to Austria, and seo her borne down to the verge of ruin by her financial difficulties, consequent on her persistence in a tyrannical policy which is unfitted to this age of the world, and which necessitates the immense cost of maintaining large military forces to keep in subjection her insurrectiouary provinces. She is wasting, like France, her strength and her re- sources on troops and cannon, and depriving her subjects of their natural wealth, while she earns for herself nothing but hatred at home and condemnation and con- tempt abroad. With the full of the Bourbon King at Gaota we see her trembling at her own weakness in the midst of the dangers that menace her. She bas no longer a bulwark of safety in England. The ailiance that gave her Venetia will never be cemented again, and Venetia no longer ac‘s as a counterpoise to the power of France, as it was once supposed to be. Therefore England has no. interest in spending a dollar to save Austria from being blotted out from the map of Europe, or to pre- present to be reverged in its regard, for now that we have mort reason to eupplicate the Al- mighty to eave vs from the consequences of our follies, the revivals have died out, and extem- t porized piety is at a discount, vent her real allies, the Italians of the new kingdom, from rescuing the Quadrilateral from the tyrant’s grasp. We turn to Russia, and see the Czar, with a watchful eye and a ready hand, looking towards Turkey and the great East, and France and Germany alternately. Ho may be calculating upon having Louis Naffleon as his future ally in securing the effects of the “Sick Man,” or in a still more comprehensive scheme regarding the Orient. At the same time he is not altogether free from approhen- sions of a war of cerfs at home pending their promized emancipation, nor indeed from having to take part in a great war in Europe, for an- other storm is brewing which may lead to it, although for the present moment there iz a lull, which, however, may be likened to that pre- ceding the commencement of a battle, when both sides are forming into line and drawing up the artillery. Toa distant spectator there is at such atime a solemn stillaces, but sud- denly, on one side or the other, a flash is seen, followed by a curl of white smoke, and boom strikes the first gun upor his ear. It is replied to by the enemy, and quick and loud becomes the fire. Not from one lone gun, but every cannon now hath found a tongue, and the thunder and emoke of war lend an exciting grandeur to the field of battle. Justso may this politica’ lull in Europe be broken by the battle’s open ing roar. We glance to England, and find the English in terror of French invasion, and complaining of the burden of supporting an army and navy much above a peace footing, so much go that by the last mails we learn that a number of English merchants were about to present a petition to the Queen praying that negotiations might be opened with France for the reduction of existing armaments. But this last is impossible in the present state of the Continent. Even Prussia, whose peaceful policy during the last reign amounted not cnly to meckness but weakness, has come out and proclaimed to her army, at the King’s mouth, that che is on the verge of a struggle in which che must either conquer or perish. That means she anticipates war with France, either in at- tempting a settlement of the Schleswig-Holstein difficulty with Denmark, or in striving to accoin- plish the union of Germany, which last, it is supposed, will not be sanctioned by France without the cession of the Rhine provinces in her favor. We have the revenues of Europe, amounting in all to something more than two hundred millions of dollars, exhausted to sup- port armaments, including, in the aggregate, not fewer than two millions of men under arme. England raises an annual revenue of three hundred millions of dollars, and Ts ance about half that sum, yet both countries, owing to their war expenses, are unable to show a budg- etin which the expenditure does not exceed the income, And look bow Europe is im- poverished by this heavy taxation and the maintenance of these two millions or more men who are. purely of the non-producing class. How much richer she and her whole population would be but for this exorbitant taxation. How much more profitable members of society these two mil- lions of men would be if they were engaged in developing the natural resources of their coun- try, end how much cause the communities of Europe would have to rejoice at being disen- thralled from the horrofS, anxieties and losses of war, or even of a state of armed prepara tion. We ought to take a lesson from the condition of Kurope ourselves. Those who talk about maintaining an army at the North, and those who talk of the same at the South, each of course with hostile intentions, had better reflect upon the consequences of establishing military governments, and learn that the arts of peace are not to be neglected with impu- nity. Coercion would recoi) upon those who promoted it, and we should become the proy of anarchy and a mark for the finger to point at. Let us, therefore, appreciate the Divine bless- ings of liberty and fraternity, and shun the stumbling blocks of error that beset us, against which some in their folly or fanaticism would rush blindly and thereby pave the broad road to our country’s ruin. Mr. Lincoln's Cabinet-The Beginning of | The » *tket was as weak asa sick kitfen, and the Bied, ‘The latest sbuffie of the carda of Mr. Lincoln's initiative Cabinet, it appears, has recalted in the following distribution of hia Executive de- .. Wim. H.Sowaed, of N. ¥. Salmon P. Chase, of Ohio. And this Cabinet, we are tol’, has been vir- tually adopted a8 a compromi.. between tae contesting eections, factions u..1 cliques of the republican party. This may be «0, but we fear that this compromise foreshadows the predomi- nance of the radical anti-slavery interest, and ite dictatorship over the new administration. ‘Two such radicals as Chase and Blair, men of great energy, activity, tenacity and decision of character, will lead by the nose or ride over a host of such excavated fossils as Smith, Wellee and Bates, Thus Seward and Cameron, with the Cabinet turned against them, will have no- thing to do but to follow as Chase and Blair may lead. There can hardly be 2 doubt apon this point when the history, the antecedents and the latest expositions of Mr. Lincoin him- eelf put bim quite up to Chase and Blair in his hostility to any concessions to rlavery. Poor Pierce, it was supposed, eet out with a conzervative Cabinet, Maroy, his Premier, be ing a host in himself. But Marcy’s influence and councels in the general policy of poor Pierce, although backed in the beginning by a Cabinet majority, were soon borne down by that resolute and persevering Suuthern revolu- tionary radical, Jefferson Davis. Hence the repeal of ihe Missouri compromise, which was the openizy; of Fandora’s box upon the country. Next, the first Cabinet of Mr. Bucha- nan was hailed by all conservatives as gua ranteeing a calm, safe, steady and Union strengthening administration. The name of General Cass, in this view, was regarded asa tower of strength. But what has been tho sequel? Cass, simply devoting himself to the routine duties of his department, was soon re- duced toacipher ‘n the Cabinet; and those two ambitious and designing secessionists, Cobb and Thompson, with Floyd as their obe- dient tool, ruled the roast. The results are too palpably before the eyes of all the world to need a repetitiva here. When too late to be remedied, Mr. Buchanan, confiding in the honesty of his sub ~dinates, discovers that they have been diverting the Treasury, the military defences and stures, the powers and moral influence of the government, to the revolutionary purposes of Southern confederacy. At this point,a Northern anti- slavery President, running safely the gauntlet of a line of conspirators and infernal machines from Harrisburg in a quiet moon- light ride, and jn bis Scotch cap and 1)»g mili- tary cloak, pushes on to Washington. He is re ceived as a deliverer dropped from the clouds. The conservatives of Congress clap their hands. The old gentlemen of the Peace Conference re_ joice. “Old Abe ishore. He will help us. We shall have a compromise. That wise man, Wm. H. Seward, has him in charge, and Thurlow Weed is at his elbow. The day breaks. Wall street will soon hold a jubilee. Allah is Allab, and Mahomet is his prophet.” But how stands the matter now? The Peace Conference slip through a compromise, under the shadow of Old Abe; but they have done it as we are told George the Third slipped into heaven, when the gate keeper was not watch. ing. This compromise, such as it is, they try in the Senate, When, lo! the conservative Seward reports against it. There is much meaning in this. Mr. Seward speaks by au- thority. There isa will, or there is a power behind him, in the republican camp, stronger than his own. He is at liberty to make fine promizes, but hig action is another thing, Mr. Corwin pushes Lis compromise of water gruel, without salt, through the House. The poor deluded people of Washington are in ecsta- siee. ‘The Union is saved, and thus one tub after another is thrown to the whale, and each is greedily snapped at by the whale of Public credulity at Washington, and by the ravenous sharks of Wall street. Fiatly and emphatically, we must say to all concerned that there is no compromise, and there is no intention to make a compromise in bebalfof the incoming administration. Look- ing all the so-culled compromise proceedings at Washington of the last few days fairly in the face they vanish into thin air. The forth- coming inaugural, like the late speeches of Mr. Seward, will doubtless be as charming to be- hold as the plains of the Promised Land, flow- ing with mi'k and honey. But on a nearer ap- proach the mirage will melt away into the sends of the desert. Acts and facts are what we want, ond by these President Lincoln must be judged. Accepting the Cabinet at the head of thia axticle as a substantial fact, what does it signify as the initiative act of the new ad- ministration? The control of the administra- tion by the anti-slavery radicals of the repub- lican party, the subordination of Seward or his early removal from the Cabinet, and no con- cessione beyond the limits of the constitution, as understcod in the North, to slavery or “the slave power.” We naturally conclude that the events and developements of this week at Washington will give a new impetus to the revolutionary spirit and movements of the Sovth; that under this new paroxyem several more States will go off into the Southern confederacy; that the “en- forcement of the laws” by Mr. Lincoln will in- yolve the government at Washington in a war with the government at Montgomery, and what then? Universal confusion, demoralization, strife, bankruptcy, dissolution, all ending in two, three, four or a half a dozen bellige- rent military despotisms, elective, as in Mexico, by the bayonet. This is the entertainment, we fear, to which we are soon to be invited, and while yet our conservative men are hoping and striving for some way of escape, it would be well for all of us, North and South, of all parties, all classes, all pursuits and all professions, high and low, rich and poor, to prepare for the worst. From the indications of the beginning we are only looking logically to the end. A Prior Day 1s Wart Strger—The weather yesterday was very fine for Broadway, but very disagreeable for Wall street. During the morning the brokers received countless tele- graphic despatches from their customers who had repaired to Washington to watch the pro- gress of events, The wires were positively frantic, ‘Sell all, sell all,” was the ory, and at the second board everything went down, SSS esses teens snr ene Nn the faces ,f the bulls were as long as the moral law. If they” had lost all their blood relations they could not .have seemed more disconsolate Philosophical etix‘cots of human nature will find a rich mine about Exchange place just now, The difference between the operator, who has Tightened bimeelf in view of the impending storm, and hia confrire, who has put his tras in the Peace Congrees, and bes his hauds full, is a8 great aa that between a bridegroom coming from church and a prodigal son whe hes been cut off with a shilling. Waar Doxs Sxnaton Szwarp Mxan!—The conduct of Mr. Seward, within the last few days, begins to inspire the beliof that be is not the wise, peace loving statesman, who was destined to restore the country to its pristine greatress, but a monstrous political chariatan. What bas he meant by the gammon contained in his speeches to the United States Senatet His promised “magnanimity,” and the declaration that “posterity would wonder”? at the “sacrifices which he would make to pre- terve the Union,”—what have become of them? Where is his pledge to throw overboard party and platform, if the country’s welfare required it? His organs now tell us that he has never had the remotest idea of conceding anything; that he is in fuct a cheat; and that his honeyed utterances have been intended as « gull, witl which to get heavy loans to eupply tho means of coercing the South, and realize. the idea he once held out of “battle,” to bring the “irre- pressible conflict” to its laat stage of existence, It has been thought, too, withia a month or two, that Seward’s adviser, Thurlow Weed, was endeavering to be a patriot. This is alsq declared, now; to have been a sham—a frauda, lent trick, to aid his master in bamboozling the border States, with the short-sighted object of gotting money out of the present Congress, and retaining their allegiance to the Union, on false pretences. Such swindles never succeed, and they seem unworthy of the sogacity of such men as Weed and Seward; but what then do they want? Is it civil war? Servile insurreo- tion? The utter ruin and desolation of the land? They are bringing these things upon us, and if the retrograde action of Mr. Lincoln’s Premier is persisted in; if he continues to give the cold shoulder to the programmo of the Peace Congress; if he imagines, fatuously, that the border States will remain in the con- federation, unless their claims are granted; he will be responsible for such an epoch of hor- rors as will have had no parallel in the history of any country. Future generations will cou- ple his name with a malodiction, ang the admi- nistration to which he belongs will be classed as among the direst scourges of the human race. We must wait. Allis not quite over yet, although the prospect before the country is black in the extreme, and the course pursued by the future Premier, tends to awaken the worst fears, aad io extinguish the hopes of peace which he had himself kindled in the hearts of the people. Rerverican Texperness oF Conscrence.— The radical republicans in Congress say it is their consciences: which impel them to wage war against the seceding States, inasmuch as they have sworn to sustain the constitution, and they intend to make Mr. Lincoln do the eame. The consciences of these gentlemen do notappear ever to have troubled them much when they assisted in nullifying, by Personal Liberty bills, the section of the constitation which provides for the surrender of fugitive slaves, when they stood upon the Chicago plat- form, which proposes to subvert the constitu- tion, and when they endorsed Helper’s book, which aims at its overthrow by fire and sword and the destruction of the domestic institutions of the South. Again, Greeley says, if the re- publicans now succumb “the judicial fanctions of the Supreme @purt of the United States will be superseded.” Has not the Chicago plat- form already done that, and when has the Zri- bune, ever since the decision in the case of Dred Scott, ceased to denounce the Supreme Court as of no authority? The President elect himeelf has said he would not regard its deoi- sions when in favor of the right of slave owners to settle with their negroes in the common ter- ritory. Verily, the republican conscience is tender. Greriey Rervtep Oct or His Own Movrn.— The Tribune says “an overwhelming majority of the people have just instructed the federal administration to insist on the very principles and measures’? which the proposed conces- sions require it to resign; and it asks, is the republican party to succumb to the will of the minority? By no means, Massa Greeley. The figures in your own almanac refate you, show- ing that the republican party who elected Lin- coln are in a minority instead of an over- whelming majority of the people. These figures are :-— For Lincoln - 1,857,610 For the other candidates... 2,804,560 If to this vote we add 50,000 for South Carelina, whoeo vote is not counted, because the elects the President by her Legislature, the majority egainst Lincoln is one million of votes. But these figures do not teil the whole truth, for the official returns which we pub- lished show that the majority is over a million. Lincoln was elected by a plurality and not a majority of the popular vote. With what audacity, therefore, does the Tribune dare to say that the President of the republi- can party is elected by an overwhelming ma- jority of the people, and that, therefore, the minority are bound to succumb! The argu- ment cuts the other way, for if there be any virtue in the opinion of majorities, then it is the republican party and their platform which mist go under. A Live Yaygex my Nn Exoutan Newsrarer,— In another part of our columns to-day will be found a racy, piquant, amusing and compre- hensive article on American institutions, which in pith and extravagance is worthy a place by the side of. the most glorifying Fourth of July oration ever uttered on the Western stump. It is from one of the cheap papers of Great Bri- tain, established on the American plan—the London Telegraph—and from its peculiar style and arrangement it is not difficult to trace its authorship to that ubiquitous, progressive, bos mopolitan incarnation of Yankee life man- ners, George Francis Train—a gentlé who has within a tow months infused a mettle into some of the old stage horses of the mother country which they never experienced before. This deviation from the beaten track of Englich journalism is one of the cheering signs of the age, There bas long beon a