The New York Herald Newspaper, February 2, 1861, Page 3

* fornia, which le Y joy would give sixteen free States against Mf- . Of course the whole South rose in arms § i E : : was left without any 2 people. establishment of the western and northern of Texas, and the exclusion from her jurisdic- il New Peee ee the grant to Texas of a pecu- effectual enactments for the recovery of fugi- iil i i. Hi Ps < Ee = g from abolishing slay but under a y prohibiting the slave trade, ig pho Diatrict Dilla were drawn embodying all thé main SS. features of this compromise, and cigs “months hav og their Gaapery hy) two houses were r h Benate August 13, 1850, by a vote of 34 to 18. The New Mexico bill passed the Senate August 14, dy a vote of 27 to 10. sips ania ‘The Fugitive Slave bill passed the Senate on the 23d of August, 1860, by a vote of 27 to 12. Dill abolishing the slave trade in the District of Columbia passed the Senate September 14, 1850, by a yote of 33 to 19. In the Houge the vote on the several bills was:— Sept. 7, 1850. ve lave bill, Sep. 12, Slave Trade in District of Columbia, ‘Out of Congress the abolitionists wer: to apitch of frenzy by the passage of the Compromise measures and the Fugitive Slave law. Immediately ad- dresses were issued by thousands, which were freely sironpaied in all the Northern ’ States, counselling to the law under every circumstance. @onventions were held of whites and negroes, in which ‘was proclaimed death to every slaveholder who’ attompt- ed to carry out the provisions of the infamous enactment. ‘The tide of runaway slaves from the South, which had Deen flowing for 80 many years, swelled into a flood. Where-one slave formerly made a successful escape, poores made their flight now. New England be- came the of the fugitives, and here they found friends wil it number, who furnished them with the means of extending their journey to the Canadian pro- ces. One of the first and most successful attempts to resist ‘the Fugitive Slave law was in Boston, in April, 1851, when one Thomas Sims, who had escaped from Georgia, wag taken in custody by the city authorities, on a war: rant issued by the Oni States Commissioner, A mob was the result. The military was called out, and for several days the most intense excitement ensued. The Jaw. Qually triumphed, however, and amid the cry of berty to your fellow slaves,” ho was put on a steamtug and sent where he belonged. Shortly after this a meeting was culled by the Vigi- Ince Committee, which was presided over by Hon. Herace Mann, when Auson Burlingame, Henry Wilson Remond, Higgenson and several other negroes ay and made denunciatory speeches against the law and in « favor of the resolutions, which B aprremmed the necessity fm Of resistance against the,act to the uttermost. c ,..08 September 12, 1861, occurred the celebrated Chris tiana affair. Edward Gorsuch, of Maryland, his son and a <% party-of friends, accompanied’ by a United States Com- m: er, ay in the neighborhood of Christiana, Lancaster county, Pennsylvania, in pursuit of a slave. An attack was made upon them by negroes, and both father and eon were killed. The United States marines were ordered to the spot, and for several days the place was under martial law. The slave, of course, escaped. ‘We might also refer to the rescues of Shadrack, Authoay , the slave Jerry at Syracuse, and similar incidents ‘that occurred in various parts of the Northern States; but the circumstances are most of them too recent and fam!- Nar to require more than a passing allusion. It ie only necessary to say that this kind of agitation— registance to the laws and disturbance of the has been a part of the tactics of abolitionists down to the present moment. They have never allowed an tue nity to pass of showing their utter disregard for law and order, and of interposing every obstacle in the way of those whose sincere desire it is to promote the peace and prosperity of the country. The breeze has become a gale, and the gale has swelled intoa tempest. under the in- fluence of which the mind of the whole North has boen lashed into fury. THE REPEAL OF THE MISSOURI COMPROMISE, AND FORMATION OF THE TERRITORIAL GOVERNMENTS OF KANSAS AND NEBRASKA. . It was reserved for the years 1853 and 1854 to be a pe riod of agitation—revived under the auspices of such men + a Stephen A. Douglas, Franklin Pierce,” Jefferson Davis, Caleb Cushing, David Atchison and others, politicians in- tent upon the Presidency—an agitation unrivalled in the annals of the country. ‘The new danger came up in the shape of a proposition {© establish a Territorial government in Nebraska (then embracing Kansas), a Territory which, with Missouri, originally constituted the upper part of the province of Louisiana, acquired from the French in 1808 by the pay meant of 60,000,000 francs. As carly as Dec. 11, 1844, Mr. Douglas gave notice to the House of his intention to introduce a bill for this purpose, which he did on the 17th instant following. Af- ter being favorably reported upon, it was referred to the Committee of the Whole, where, owing to the importance of other measures pending, it was not again acted = during the session. On the 15th of March, 1848, he introduced a similar bill, and again it met with a similar fate. In the Senate, in 1852, Mr. Dodge, of Iowa, carly introduced a reeolution, which was passed, the Committee on Territories to inquire into expediency of organiz- ing the Territory; but no further ac! was taken Lo ‘qs until the House of Representatives had passed its bili that purpose. On December 17 the petition of Mr. -« Guthrie for @ seat as a dei te from Nebraska was re- ceived and referred, and on February 2, 1863, the Com- mittee on Territories, through Mr. Richardson, of Ill., ‘chairman, reported their bill for organizing Nebras- day ration, Was inst. the Committee on Territori reported it without amendment. On the of March, 1853, it was laid upon the table. In the del which immediately preceded this di ‘ition, Senator Atchison, of Missouri, openly avé ground of his ‘to be that the law excluding slavery from the of Louisiana, north of thirty-six and new Territory, appear, howev- er, & entertain any hope ‘object could effected. He said ho should oppose the or- eianote eae South bean go into the —. tory with rights ileges, respecting property, equal d, people of the Union.” The idea of a possibility of the Miasouri Compromise was thus, for the Tih the chance of growing up to. perfec wi C growing up to perfec. the most ultra, among the outhorners re- thing rather to be hoped for thap re- of Jan , 1854, Mr. Douglas, from the ‘ou Territorice (whioh consisted ‘of Messrs. of = Tilinois ; as; Jobn- Arkansns; Everett, ak i oe EuB? Dodge, re- amendments and a report , and as it were official, de- coup d'etat. comprom: ‘ hich, it will be recollected, leave to the people of the themselves whether or not thero ‘it midst, were the supreme, au- The Missouri Compromise’ was it aside ag immaterial, because it came in te Hon and adjustment of ‘the question. incident i i | i sf 2 i y ge s = = - Perpetual. prohibition Mr. Douglas tally to repeal by the following provision Tater in the same month the Same committee submit- ted an amended bill by which two Territories—Kanses and Nebraska—were to be created out of the domain in 2d of January Mesers. Chase and Sumner, of the Senate, and Giddings, Wade, Dewitt and Ger. rit Smith, of the ikeuied a stirring appeal to the people of ‘the United States, urging and imploring instant action to avert the pending calamity. This is circu. lated over the whole country, and aided not a little in adding fuel to the already furious flame of excitement. ‘The discussion of the bill in the Senate was continued from time to time through January. It swallowed up all other interests and waa the absor! pon throughout the country. The vote was finally reached at five o'clock in the morning of March 4, when the bill passed the Benate by a vote of thirty-seven to fourteen, Fourteen of the votes in iis favor were given by Senators from the free States, and two of those against it by Senators from the slave States—Mossrs, Houston, of Texas, and Bell, of Tennessee. ‘On the 14th of March Mr. Everett presented the famous mammoth memorial, signed by 3,050 clergymen of New ¥rdand, protesting against the pasaage of the bill. he bill was brought up in the House of Representa- ges on the Sist of January, 1863. The debate upon it was closed on the 19th of May, 1854, and on the 224 of May, 1854, it passed the House by the following vote — yene, 119; mays, 100. Tho vote of the Senate on the final poreage of the bill was, yeas, 36; nays, 13. On the 20th of December, 1864, the Hon. John Th. Whitfleld, delegate elect from the Territory of Kansas, was sworn in and admitted Loageat inthe Honge, It was alleged ‘that his election had been carried by an importation of Miasourians into the Territory, but no contest was made on bis right, and ho held his position during the remain dor of the Thirty-third Congress, During the recess between the 4th of March and the Jet of December, 1855, the history of Kansas was marked by NEW YORK HERALD, SATURD @ power to locate the same was verted in him alone. thegre chvery saver, toad wore tomeninte bee Pro-slavery party, a8 were ly ’ the action of the Legislature. Governor Reeder ‘Was in the meantime removed from office. ‘The free State party met at Big Springs and resolved to Tepudiate the acts of the Ter ware and or- ize a State government. A Convent ‘was according- called and held by them at Topeka, on the 4th Tuesday of October, framed what’ was calied the Topeka Conven- tion, and set on foot a State government which soon came in conflict with the regularly constituted authorities, and resulted in the indictments against the former for trea- sen, whicd followed. Meanwhile, finding opposition to the prineiples 0 the Kansas Nebraska act unavailing in Congress and under the forms of the constitution, combinations were entered into at the North to control the political destinies and form and regulate the domestic institutions of these Ter- ritories through the machinery of emigrant aid societies, by which means large numbers of persons were for- warded tothe debatable ground. In order to give con- sistency to the movement and surround it with the color of legal authority, an act of incorporation was procured from the Legislature of Massachusetts for an association - the game of the Marsachusetts Emigrant Aid So- elety, the ostensible purpose of which was to enable emigrants to settle in the West. It was a powerful cor- poration, with a capital of five millionsof dollars, in- vested in houses and lands, in merchandise and mills, in cannons and rifles, in powder and lead—in all the imple- ments of art, agriculture and war, and employing a cor- responding number of men under the management of dizeetors Who remained at home and puiled the wires of this immense political automaton. Ina measure they sue- Seeded, Thousands of these emigrants poured into the Tersitory, armed with Sharpe's rilles and the word of God, avd located themselves wherever their votes were moet necessary. The result might have been antici |. Under the influence of inflammatory appeals 4 stung by the irritating threats of the free men, the me-* wtense pie’ was aroused io the States the Terr “ry of Kansas, and especially in Miszouri, near the Tor. ~ thus the moet directly endan- whose domestic pew. ~ consequently engi Bands gered. Counter movemonw cog? peared at the of men came over the State border "1 Aprearee At ti s, and on both sides angry accusations “ollow: is ¢ elections were carried by fraud and violence. 1a the Meantime statements entirely unfounded or grossly 2X- acgerated congerning events within the Territory were nedulously diffused through remote States to feed the flame of sectional animosity there, and tho agitators Sere in turn exerted themeelves to encourage and stimulaié strife within the bs wed Daring the Presidential campaign of 185¢ Kansas may be said to have been ina state of civ!l war. Life was nowhere safe. Aymed men espousing both sides of the question roamed throughout the country committing de- Predations and atrocities such as find their equal only in the records of savage barbarity. Men, women aud children were murdered in tl beds, and few could ayer themselves either as free States men or pro-slavery men without danger of being shot down in their tracks. Tt was during this period that the famous John Brown, wth his band, made his appearance avd couimenced those villanies for which he has since meta just reward upon the gallows. To return to Congress, however, on the 7th of April, 1856, a memorial of the Senators and Representatives of the so-called State of Kansas, accompanied by the consti- tution adepted at Topeka, praying the admigsion of the same into the Union, was presented in the House of Rey reeentatives and referred. The Committee on Territories reported a Dill to that effect, which was rejected on the Seth of June by a vote of yeas 106, nays 107. ‘On motion of Mr. Barclay, of Pennsylvania, the ques- tion was reconsidered, and the vote being taken on the pascage of the bill, it was carried, by yeas 107, nays 106, the above named gentleman changing his ballot, aud one other yoting aye who was not present before. The bill being brought before the Senate, that body substituted for it a bill of its own, which was returned to the House, where no action was taken upon it. Several other attempts were eudsequently made in both the Senate and House, during 1856, to pass bills to authorize the people of Kansas to form’ a constitution aud State government, but without success—neither body endorsing ‘the act of the other, On the 29th of July, 1856, a bill reported by Mr. Grow, from the Committee on Territories, ‘te annul certain acts of the Legislative Assembly of the ‘Territory of Kansas,” being before the House, Mr, Dunn, of Indiana, moved an amendment to the same, which substantially re-esta- blished the compromise of 1820. This was carried by a yote of 89 yeas and 77 nays. The billreached the Senate, and a report upon it was made by the Committee on Ter- ritories on the 11th of August, 1856, recommending that it Lage the table, which was done, by a test vote of 35 to 12. On the 1ith of July, 1856, the committee appointed by the House to proceed 10 Kansas and investigate all mat- ters connected with the contested election case between A. H. Reeder and Johr@W. Whitield, each of whom claimed to have been elected a delegate to — made a majority and minority report, Messi A. Howard, of Michigan, and Lewis Campbell, of : firming that everything connected with the Terrflorial Legislature and the election of Whitfield was wrong; and Mr. Mordecai Vliver, of Missouri, affirming that every- thing was right, and that Mr, Reeder was not duly clect- ed according to law. These reports were acted upon on the 29th of July, when Mr. Whitfield was declared not to be entitled to a seat in the House by a vote of 110 yeas to 92 nays, and ‘Mr. Reeder was likewise declared not to be entitled to a seat by a vote of 88 yeas and 113 nays. On the Ist of December, 1856, however, Mr. Whitfield, having again been elected a delegate, was sworn in by a vote of 112 yeas to 108 mays. The effect'of this agitation in Congress by the people was immenee, and mrp & yong that could be brought to Senos ecmrrea, ‘ og how Go on a un- sparingly employed. It was almost the sole upon which’ for a time, Lm | the welfare of the country. ‘The immediate admission of Kansas, with her free consti- tution, formed at Topeka, was engrafted upon the re- blican platform of 1856,and men were at ie bar of public opinion and proved by their standing with reference to Happily, however, the election of Mr. oil upon the troubled waters, and wi ‘the country relapsed once more into & tive quiet. The predatory bands engaged in acts of rapine, under cover of existing political distur- dances, were arrested or dispersed, the troops were with- drawn, and tranquillity was once ‘more restored to the hitherto agitated Territory. On the first Monday of September, 1857, a Convention ‘was called together by virtue of an act of the Territorial Legislature, whose lawful existence had been recognized by various enactments of Congreas, to frame a constitution for Kansas. A large proportion of the citizens did not think pri to register their names and voto at the elec- tion for delegates; but an opportunity to do this having been afforded, in the language of Mr. Buchanan, “their refusal to avail themselves of their right conld in no manner affect the legality of the Convention.”’ But little difficulty occurred except on the question of slavery, and after on excited and angry debate on this subject, by a majority of only two, it was decided to submit tho quee- tion of slavery to the People. n ‘This was the famous Lecompton Convention. They adopted a constitution, and the form of submission was “constitution with slavery,” or ‘constitution without slavery.” A great many people were indignant, because the constitution was made thus imperative, and more than one-half staid away from the polls. The constitu- tion was consequently adopted by the party voting for it, with slavery. Ip that form it was submitted to the President, and the President submitted it to Congress. After a ted discussion in both houses the admis- sion of Kansas under that instrument was defested,and a compromise was adopted to submit the Lowen | constitution back to the people, with the: conditio® that if acces they shovld immediately come into the Union by a prociamation of the President, and that, if rejected, they should wait until been had ninety- three sand inhabitants, to be ascerta! by a census. ‘They rejected the constitution by some ten thousand ma- jority. In the meantime, under the operation of the Ter- ritorial Legislature and the Lecompton Convention acting in junction with each other, the anti-slavery elements rallied end elected an anti-slavery Legislature. ‘There were, however, bogus returns from two or three coun- ties, hn nag % he pore would have S (= complexion of the Legislature into a pro-slavery y But theee were cast out by Governor Walker, and the Legislature was thus left in the possession of the free soil ty. Peller the rejection of the Lecomnton constitution the called another Convention, which assembled at yandot and ow Loy » aA the same time elected a ure @ momber of Congress, the Legisiature electing in turn two Senators, in anticipation of the ad- mission of the State under the Wyandot constitution. ‘The bill for the admission of the State was taken up in ympes during the present scasion and passed, and on waa returned to Con- President, thus forever Wednesday, the 20th of January grees with the signature of the netting at rest a question which has so long disturbed tho country. Tho following are the State officers of Kansas elected under the Wyandot constitution, and who will assume to administer the new State goverument:— Governor—Charles Robinson , formesly of Massachusetts. Lieutenant Governor—J. P. Root, formerly of Connec- ticut. Secretary of State—J. W. Robinson, formerly of Maine. Treasurer—William Tholen, formerly of New York. juditor-—George W. Hillyer, formerly of Obio. lent of Public Instruction—W. R. Griffith, for- merly of Tilinois. ‘Ohtey Justice—Thomas Ewing, Jr., formerly of Ohio. ssociate Pustices—Samuel D. Kingman, formerly of KGatacky, and Lawrence Bailey, formerly of New Hamp- shire. In the Supreme Court, under the Dred Scott decision, the right has been established of every ciltzen to take his Property of every kind, including slaves, into the csm- mon Territories belonging equally to all the States of the Confederacy, and to have it protected there under the constitution. It is hardly necessary to advert further to (@® progress of the anti-elavery element in Congress than to merely recall the tumults excited at the beginning of every ses- sion by the election of a Speaker, and the constant ebb and flow of agitation upon the ‘one absorbing theme which has at last, through the efforte of the abolitionists and their allies, come to be the rm sentiment which hang auspended the destiny hopes of a nation. Tn 1867 @ State n_—— commen in Wi y Mage., ‘‘to consider the practicability, probetility andex- pediency of a separation of the free and slave ‘States.’’ In the language of one of the orators, they felt that the time had come when they should ‘sever forever the bloody bond which united them to the slaveholders, slave breeders and slave traders of the nation.’” The meeting found its spmpathizers and made lerts in every por- tion of the North, and from that day ® the present have been spreading among a certain class the following senti- ments with which Wendell Phillips closed one of his speeches:—< If the slaveholder foves the Union, 1 hate it. The love of so sagacious a tyrant is authority enough for my hate, If the slaveholder clings to the Union, it is in. atinct, When they set horses to run in the Roman races each horee bears about him a little network of pointed pricks, that, the faster be gor, make him run yet faster. £ would set the slave holder to ripning with pr Digeolut arraigned Sis preat question. . Buchanan threw a fe millions of slaves for th ny w c t y they have prevented cution of the laws, the has 3 teep Ree euaeeer or” mae posee, or taken any sep every year, abd they have gathered about them @ ga- ‘of congenial followers ae . Black spirite and white, . No stone re- mains unturned that obstructs the accomplishment of their designs, Until of late their agents have inevery nook and corner of the country, and from Maine to Texas these serpents of society have been dis- tilling their venom among the people. We have seen the result within the past two years in poisoned fami- lies, executed slaves, a John Brown ingurrection, andall the enormities which attend the movement of a band of infatuated individuals who are spurred on to deeds of desperation by those who stay at home to preach that which they leave their deluded minions to practise, Ae a party they have become so strong that, Having both the key Of officer and office, they can set all hearts To what tune they please, RELIGION AND WOMEN. One of the principal agencies by which this extraordi- Bary revolution in the public sentiment of the North has been brought about ie the Chureb. The history of antt. slavery in this connection, however, is too extended to admit of anything more than a narration of general facts. It is sufficient to gay that the abolitionists have had the oo- operation of a portion of the principal religious sects of the free States ever since the year 1£20, since which time their conferences, sessions, assemblies and meetings have been the theatres of the most rancorous discussion, abusive debate and irremediablo discord, They have ruptared the Presbyterian, Methodist and Baptist churches, and divided into antagonistic parties the American Board of Foreign Missions, the American Home Missionary Society, the American Tract Society and every other benevolent praanigation Which embraces within its scope of good the common country. They baye thus prevented the dissemi- nation of the Bible, the establishing of miscionaries, the distribution of tracts, and interrupted allefforts that have been made fer the Christian elevation of the slave or the welfare of the master. Instead of that foeling of at‘ach- ment and devotion to the interests of religion which was formerly felt, they are now arrayed against each other, two hostile bodies, whose sole occupation is individual abuse, political barangues; and the profanation of the sacred desk. Persona) holiness has given way to party spirit, and while men’s hearts around thera are blazing with the carnalities of their own fallen nature, ministers have forgotten their vocation in preaching hayoc, subverting the Scriptures and setting up as the God of worship the comfortable negroes of the South. Their sentiment is: “If the Bible tolerates slave for an instant, away with it. And God himself '!—if He sanctions hishell-born monster, even He is unworthy of respect.” The Dlack portrait of Southern slavery been indelibly painted upon their imaginations unfil the pure, solid, consistent religion of our forefathers no longer exists. These reverend Peckaniffs can hardly bear to look upon a Southern map without a feeling of re- venge; they seldom look at a Bible without muttering a blasphemy, and cannot speak of the South and its insti. tutions without letting out their dream of blood and de- sire. Witness some of their effusions. The Rey. Henry Wright, pastor of a Congregational church in Mavsa- chusetts Baid:— ‘Who is the God of humanity? He is not the God of slavery. Te is not the God of Moses Stuart and Leonard Woods, * "* Shame on the nation, shame on its politics, shame on ita reli- << shame on such @ God. I scorn him. He is not my God. will never bow to Hix shrine, My head shall go off with my hat when I take it off to such a God as t! f the Bible sanctions slavery the Bible is a self-evident of nature and of natui wut to me, wou! falsehood, an enem) ‘ Id you believe slavery tt “Nol T would fasten in upon the heel of such a God, and let the man go free, Suche God iss phantom. (Cheers.) ‘The Rev. Daniel Foster, one of the chaplains of the Maseachusetts Legislature in 1855-6, said:— He stood on that floor as an orthodox clergyman, but he would as soon exchange with the devil as one of those hire- ling prieste—those traitors (o humanity. The professed Chureh of Christ is false, and its hireling priesthood unwor- thy of confidence. The Rey. Mr. Griswold, of Stonington, said:— For the church which sustains slavery, wherever It be, I read: y I will welcome the bolt, whether ft come . Its pres and the ‘The Rey. Mr. Howell says, when speaking of the Bible arguments in behalf of slavery:— Give up my advocacy of abolition? Never. Iwill sooner, Jonas-like, throw the Bible ove: |, and execrate it as the Newgate Calendar, denounce God as @ slaveholder, and his angels and Apostics as turnkeys and slavedrivers. The Rev. Mr. Blanchard, in a speech in the Detroit Convention:— Damned to the lowest hel al) the pastors and churches of the South, as they were of thieves, - adul- tes ‘piscopal Blanchard, in a discussion in Cin- to Dr. Rice, who held up to the abolitionists’ imitation example of the ‘ of the Lord who advised Hagar, the slave of Abraham, to re- turn to her master,” said’ Well, if the ‘angel did so ad- vise her, I think he was a iy ‘We might quote sentiments like the above ad libitum; but these are sufficient to show the drift of a portion, at least, of the clerical mind at the North. What has been the influence of these clerical fanatics? They have contributed to the formation of revoluti societies, throughout the length and breadth of the A cinnati, tn 1845, in and invited all men to join in the holy crusade. Ay ing to their congregations, they havo worked with ted pirase und flattering caresses upon the tendor imagi- nations, of women until they have to look upon & slavebolder as a sort of moral monstrosity. Sewing par- ties have been turned into abolition clubs, while little children in the Sunday schools have been taught that A. B. stands for abolition, from books illuminated with graphic insignia of terror and oppression; with pictorial chains, handcuffs and whips, in the act of application to naked pnd touching slaves.’ This latter remark is trucr of thee -ythan the present generation; but we see the influersesdround us ia the millions of 'young men now conati(gting the bulk of the republican party, who may trace Aheir opinions upon the question of slavery to the early prejudices thus acquired. Jolin Randolph, of Roanoke, once said, “that the worst government on earth was a government of priests, and the next worst was a government of women.” There is so the 4 misy " Ae: resent day, until t tf the bunae Bt which may recut’ from thelr course, but of the inevitable tendencies of their inf towards the overthrow of the government itaelf. demoniums of discursi made the occasions of fe sel of nigger is as lovingly under their he was one of the necessary aids to a heait iigestion. Some of these women edit , write books, peddie tracts, deliver lectures, constantly, in one shape or keep themselves notorious in public prints, One of the most effective of theae feminine of 5 ever brought to bear uj public mind was iinet ‘sCabin'"—-astory whict in the National Era at Washington in 1852, was published jn # book, and soon created an excitement on both sides of the Atlantic. No other ever u ‘80 many editions, either in America or Europe. It has translated into most of the Conti- peatel nagenges, ond minced ee ina dramatic form in almost every city of Union. It served = What truth could pot accomplish fiction did, and jarriet Beecher Stowe has had the satisfaction of throwing a firebrand into the world which has which appeared in 1866, filled with the most tion doctrines that could be accumulated, and received the endorsement of the princtpal leaders of the republi- can party. It thereafter became the Shibboleth of the organization, by which ite members have sworn, and the standard by which its principles have eince been mea- sured, , While it is a work intrinsically false and worth- less, yet being the production of a Southern man, it had a fictitious value in the eyes of the Northern fanatics who were only too glad to use it against the people of the South. Contemporancous with the excitement produced by this book, and partially growing out of it, was THE MARPER’S PERRY INSURRECTION. ‘The facts are briefly as follows:—On the 17th of Octo- ver, 1869, the country wae startled with the announce- ment that a party of armed men, whites and blacks, had entered the village of Harper's , Va., taken posses. sion of the United States armory at that place, shot two or three whites, placed guards on*the railroad bridge and “ithe passenger trains of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad. The President promptly deapatched a detachment of marines to the spot. ‘The insurrectionists were found to number about twenty white men and , under the leadership of the notorious Kansas free State man, John, or Orsawatomie Brown. After some time speut in par Jey, made for the purpose of saving a number of promi- nent citizens who were held prisoners by Brown within the encloeures of the United States Armory, the marines made an attack, beat down the gates, anil took all who were wot killed prisoners. Among the latter was Brown himself, who had received a number of seyere wounds. Brown confessed that his object was to !.Serate and run off all tho siaves in the ad- i counties in Virginia and Maryland. Ata farm we which Browa had bi a few miles from Har) Ferry, were found and arms, consisting of large humber of Sharp's rifles, revolvers, pikes and other implements of war, toget ‘With a great amount of cor- respondence, consisting of letters ot Gerrit Smith and Fred, Douglass. During the whole affair there were killed ten of the insurreetion|ste, Six citizens and one United States mari, and a number on both sides were wounded. Brown wai f (reason and conspiracy found ted on the 20 ef November, wa, nity AY, FEBRUARY 2, 1861—TRIPLE SHEET. pe, 3 sentenced to be hung. which tence carried effect om the 24 of Desember, 1880 as THE END. We have above given a table of the number of slaves in the United States in 1790. It was then 697,696. The following is 4 similar estimate for the year 1860, as de- termined by the seventh censua:— 1 New Jersey... 4 Virginia, 6 North Carolina’. 15 Kentucky..; 16 Missouri... 17 Dist of Columbia. Adding to this sum thirty per cent, a fair estimate of the increase for the last ten years, and we hayo in 1860, 8,965,051 slaves in the United States, or four millions in round mumbers. There were in the United States 347,626 Persons owing slaves. Of this number two only ownod 1,000 each; both resided in South Carolina, Nine only owned between 500 and 1,000, of whom two resided in Georgia, four in Louisiana, one in Mississippi. Fifty-six pwned from 300 to 500, of whom one resided in Mary- Jand, one in Virginia, three in North Carolina, oue in Tennessee, one in Florida, four in Georgia, six in Louisi- fae, Keon’ 2 bp twenty-nine in South Carolina, undred -seven owned from 200 to f Fe mou eid ; 200 to 200, of wenty-two, Mississippi eighteen, Alabama sixleen, North Carclina twolve, tive olker States four, teen, and four States none. Fourteen hundred and seven: ty-pine owned from 100 to 200. All the slaveholding Slates, except Florida and Missouri, are represented in this class, South Carolina heving one-fourth of the whole; 29,733 ee owned from ten to twenty alaves each, cuth Carolina, from this statement, owns more slaves m proportion to her pepulation than ‘any other State in ith. With this statement we conclude the chronological his- | tory of abolitionism, The Banner State of the South, TOE TROUBLES OF SOUTH CAROLINA TO GET AN ENSIGN, Among thé many measures that have exercised the wis. dom of the South Carolina Legislature recently, is ono on the subject for the adoption of a national or State flag. About one week after the passage of the seceasion ordi nance the South Carolina Legislature adopted a flag of the following description:— The flag has fifteen white stars on a marine bine ground, the centre star the larger one; a white palmetto tree and crescent on the upper right hand corner, and the corner spaces, ineluding the ground on which the pal- metto and crescent arr placed, of red. On the 26th of January the Legislature repealed the first reaolution adopting a State flag, and substituted another one. The following cut will give an idea of the appearance of the new ensign: — ‘The field is dark blac. Upon the upper inner corner of ‘the fiag is the crescent, in white, the horns pointing up. ward. In the middie of the flag is an oval, in white, em blagoned with a golden palmetto, upright. ‘The subsequent day the Legislature rescinded the se cond resolution, and substituted the following — It now consists of a blue field, with a white palmetto tree in the middle, upright. The white crescent in the upper flag staif corner remains as before, the horns poiut- ing upward. Whether these shiftings and changes in the Legislature of the miniature republic are ominous or indicative of the character of its statesmen or policy we cannot at present divine. It strikes us, however, that the vision of the stars ‘and stripes of the Union, which have proudly waved over our country for seventy years, is still impressed in the imaginations of the legislators of South Carolina, and that, notwithstanding their new flags, made up with combinations of snakes, palmettos, half moous and Aif- teen stare, they will not be content unti] they re-unfold the flag with thisty-four stars and thirteen stripes. . The Jackalow Case. ‘Trewtox, Feb. 1, 1861. ‘The Jackalow trial for robbery on the high seas was closed to-day. Colonel Cannon finished a most able argu- ment on the part of the government. The Judge charged the jury very clearly and ably. He said the jury had but two points to consider—tho firet and second counts, charging Jackalow with the rob bery of the Leets, and by force, of gold and silver coin, Dank bills, and one coat; and on the second count of taking the coat, If the robbery was an afterthought after the murder, it would be nothing more than larceny. If the murder was committed with tho intention of taking the goods, then it was robbery. If they found the privoner guilty, then they must also fix the locality of the robbery. ‘The jury went out at four o’clook. The jury have not .yet agreed. The court staus ad- journed to ten o'clock to-morrow morning. The Great Western Railway Traffic. ‘Hasatrow, C. W., Jan. 31, 1861. An unprecedented amount of through trafic is begin- ning to pass over the Great Western Railway from St. Louis and other Western and Southern points, caused to & great extent, it is understood, by the secession troubles. 0 Great Western Railway has ample stock and fucili- , and was never in a better condition for doing a large Arrivals and Departures: ARRIVALS. Lryenroo1—Steamship Arabia—P Keernean, P Charletony Mr Busk, Mrs JE Hart, Mrs A Henderson, Mr McOreery, Mr Stewart, Mr Be rion and daughter, Mr Meye: helm and indy, Mr Mercure und lady, Mr ‘Maben, lady and infent; Mr Gilliat and lady, Mr. Bell, Hon Jobn Ross, Mr Davicl, Mr. Felix Keed, Mr Whipple, Mr Siebert, Mr Moret, Mr Pacharach, Mr Verderet, E Schiedt, Mr Winsor, Mr Palmer, A MeLean, Mr Rail, Mr Dunbam, Mr Melliss, Mr Mesahemle, Infant and nurse; Mr Phillipon, Mr Hilger, Mr Button, Mr Shaw, Mr Bosing. ‘Mr Horn, Mr Hudson and ar friend, D Stewat itr Lamb, Baron Sternberg and friend, Mr Wabasham, Mr Dupont, Master Martinez, Mr Newham, Mr bury, Jno Smith,’ Miss E O'Conner, M Wi ry, Jares, Jacob Jaber, Thos Guille and Wife, Thos Hash—Total. 61. OnARLESTON—Steamship W Deforest, B B Jenks, MJ Whitten, W Pollock, Mra 8A Cox and child, Mra Skilling, Mies SKillin A Mack, Philo Andrews, Anso Thomas, B W Kingsiand, Moody, Miss A D Loper,A Bertrand Rel, LN Henmeauest, J 4 G St Charles, Geo W Munro, Abraham Lev! AM Ber ‘ary, () Thompson; § Thompson, Mr Nipsio, child and servant—25 on deck, 11 free co ored. Brtize, Hon—Rark Pallas—Thomas Unanne. Vinaixia—Steamship Yorktown—Miss Mary Camp, [8 THE REVOLUTION. INTERESTING NEWS FROM THE SOUTH. 3%, Warlike Reports from Charlestom«” The State Forces Prepared to Attack Fort Sumter. An Officer of the Navy Treated as a Prisoner of War in Florida. eee THE SCHEMES OF THE SECESSION LEADERS, The Efforts of the Republicans to Destroy the Government. More Revelations Respecting the Plt to’ Scive the Capital. DEBATES IN CONGRESS ON THE CRISIS, Anti-Secession Speech of Mr. Hamilton, of Texas, A LOAN OF $25,000,000 CALLED FOR, &., &e., &. IMPORTANT FROM WASHINGTON. AN OFFICER OF THE NAVY ARRESTED BY. THE FLORIDIANS. Wasinaton, Feb. 1, 1861. Lieut, James Jewett, United States Navy, of Kentucky, arrived here last eyening from Pensacola, and in conse- quence of the peculiar circumstances under which he left that city and made the transit of the State of Florida, he made haste this morning to call upon Senator Crittenden, and report the facts to him and solicit his advice. It appears that as soon as it was known that Lieut. Jewett was about to leave Pensacola the State authori- ties of Florida ordered him to be arrested, and would not permit him to depart unless upon his parole of honor that he would never take up arms against the State of Florida. The document was duly drawn and presented to the Lieutenant, who accepted it as the only means of escape from imprisonment. Without this document he could not have passed through the State. Senator Crittenden, upon hearing of such an outrage being perpetrated upon a gallant son of his own State, be- came quite indignant, and advised Lieutenant Jewett to proceed at once to the Secretary of the Navy and report the facts, which he did. What action the federal autho- rities will take in relation to the matter is not yet known. THE PLOTS OF THE SECESSIONISTS TO BREAK UP THE GOVERNMENT. Wasuixcton, Feb. 1, 1861. It is in evidence before the House Select Committee on Treason, that a variety of plans have actually been dis- cussed by those in the South who have been determined for years to break up the Union. First, it was believed that a convention of the two houses could be prevented on the 15th inst., when the yotes for President are to be counted, thereby avoiding & constitutional count of the electoral votes. Second, to prevent Mr. Lincoln from coming here by atsassination, or some other means. Third, to take the Capitol by violence and prevent his inaugi-” ration. It is the testimony of several witnesses that these plans were all seriously discussed and abandoned, upon the theory that it would be within the category of crimes punishable with death in the Union, and would not in the end accomplish the object the dissolutionists have in view. After @ fullcanvase of the whole subject it was finally decided to reeort to the plan of secession, which was immediately initiated by South Carolina, Efforts are now making to induce every State south of Mason and Dixon’s line to secede, and the most extra ordinary iufluences are being brought to bear upon the delegates to assemble in Virginia on the 4th inst. to carry that convention in favor of secession. It ig believed by some that a majority will 80 vote. This is the great point the secessionists hope to gain, because if Virginia votes against secession there is no hope of carrying Maryland, aud without the latter States there will be no such thing as effecting an organi- zation to take the Capitol. One of the principal actors in perfecting the secret organization in this city testified yesterday that this is the reai state of the case. le said there was no intention of making any attempt to take this capital unless Virginia and Maryland secedes; but he acknowledged that if those States go out his organization would join Maryland and do their utmost to take Washington. In view of the supposition that Virginia will vote in Convention on the 4th inst. to go out of the Union, which would precipitate action in Maryland, General Scott, backed by several members of the Cabinet, is in favor of making @ more formidable demonstration to protect this this city from attack, and thinks the President ought to call upon the States for volunteers. The President is opposed to this policy, unless he has changed his mind this afternoon. The fact that ho is opposed to calling upon the States for troops, creates a good deal of alarm in mapy quarters for the safety of the city. It may be asked how the President can call for volunteers when there is no law authorizing him to do so? The auswer is, that there i# a bill in the House giving him the power to call upon the States, which will pass the moment it is known the President will not veto it. It is charged that the secessionists are doing their utmost to prevent the President from signing such a bill. Gen. Scott's ifiea of preserving the public peace here, and securing the inauguration of Mr. Lincoln, is the same ‘as that first suggested in the Henan weeks ago, to call upon the States and precure at least rixty thousand troops. It remains to be seen whether the President will hear to Gen. Scott and the members of his Cabinet, or the seces- sioniste, who are doing their utmost to break up the go- vernment. ‘The difficulty in regard to the reports about taking this city by the secessionists is divided into two distinct classes, They are both misleading the people, one in. credulously or ignorantly, the other intentionally. The former class are misled by the ingenuity of the latter, and the press of the country is sought and employed aa the most powerful engine to deeoive the people. All the leading presees of the country to-day contain announce- ments that there is no cause for apprehending an attack upon Washington, and men have asserted within twenty- four hours, to my knowledge, that there i# not a particle of evidence before the select committee of the House to warrant the bolicf that any conspiracy existe, or that any organization has beon ‘formed to aid in destroying the unity of the Stat In the face of this extraordinary state ment, it is well known that the man of all othors who has accumulated more information about the couspiracy against the capital when called as a witness and asked by the committee to teli what he knew, replied, like a true man and soldier as he is, “Gentiemen, I cannot answer your questions without violating private conddence and doing great injustice to the public service.” The com mittee then withdrew their question. ‘This witness stands Ks near to General Scott in this crisis, and hag as much of hie confidence, as any other gentleman in the army. Whatever he knows General Scott is aware of and acts upon, but could not swear to himself, ‘Tho subordinate officer was then called as a witness, and “private confidence” and ‘‘justice to the public ser- vice” forbid him opening bie mouth. Honce aothing finds its way to the committee’s record, and {it is forth. with proclaimed to the country that no evidence exists to show the existence of a conspiracy. The injustice of such a conclusion is evident. The yery fact that General Scott remarked, after leaving the committee Treat, Wm Grifin, DTC Peters, Miss L Rosenberg, Capt | root if If as Treat Nim Gritin, DO Peters, Miss L Rose Cart ® | room, that if the people of the District knew half a arpenter, Dr Ascoll, Wm Herringt 4 6 in the steerage ' much as he about the attempt to take the capital, they would not rest so quietly under the belief that there ia no danger, shows that he was aware cf facts that he could net tell the committees upon his oath. Resides, it is considered among military men an outrago to call & military chieftain like General Scott before @ little commitiee of tive men elected ag mere politicians, and without reference w a crigig like thie, and question him about hus know- ledge of the tactics of the enemy. Wo shali se what we shall see. Two more companies, knowa as foot artillery, but act ing as infantry, arrived this morning, making seve hundred troops now here, There are three batteries here now, consisting of eighty men and six pioves each; four six-pounders and two twelye-paund howiteers, More companies will arrive in @ day or two, increasing the total number within the limits of the city tw about ene thousand men, which embraces one of tho fines’ corps of eappers aad miners im the world, jadgiog from their record in Mexico, Orders have just been issued for the enrolment of al! Persons subject to militia duty in the District of Co- jumbia, ULTRA REPUBLICAN SCHEMES TO DESTROY THE GOVERNMENT. Wasuinotox, Feb. 1, 1861. ‘Wore is a great contrariety of reports im circulation here and elsewhere, a» to whether Mr. Lincoln has written to any friends expressing sentiments faverable to ‘gh amicable and fair settiement of the present didleultia between the sections by making proper concessions +> the South. I aagert positively that the Presient eleo has written private letters to leading republicans urging, aspeedy settlement. He does not name any particul: mode or plan, but is earnestly im favor of an adjustment. He intimates that the border States propositions contain many features that are acceptable, From this fact, pro- bably, bas arisen the reports that he was favorable to this latter proposition, It is believed here by many of his friends that he would bo entirely willing to have it adopted. i Mr. Kellogg, of Ilincis, who is supposed to roprosent and know the sentiments of the President elect, iutro- duced to-day resolutions embodying the border Btates propositions, It is well known here that there are a large uumber of republicaue in both houses who are doing everything in their power to defeat a settlement of the jesue between the sections, They are fat sion flame by every means in their power, using every argument to exasperate the Southern people, and drive the slave States out of the Union. It is the these men that has prevented and still prevents licans are anxious, nay striving, to bring aout u dissolu tion of the Union, and it is these bold, bad mon who aro exerting their baneful influence to prevent a settlement. Wasurvcron, Feb. 1, 1861. There are no new developements respecting affaires at Charleston harbor and Pensacola, Tho impreszion among Southern men here is, that the message authorized by the President to be sent to Peneacola to the commander of the Brooklyn woule not be satisfactory to the author!- ties there, and hence it is anticipated that an attack may at any moment be made upon Fort Pickeus. . The President, up to eight o'clock this evening, had received no communication from Colonel Ha: Tho cause of the delay on the part of the South Carolina Com- missioner in sending the ultimatum of that State in regard to Fort Sumter has not transpired. He is in con ference with commissioners from other States, as well as with several Southern Senators, who are urging him to change it so as not to give it the look ef a demand on the part of the South Carolinians. Col. Hayne will probably not wait for an answer, as bo is anxious to re- turn to Charleston. Colonel Hayne bas received his despateles from Gover- nor Pickens and has proceeded to bring the proceedings of the authorities of that State for the vacation of Fort Sumter before the administration, There is ageneral desire among influential classes to bring matters to a focus end an explosion as soon as pos- sible, A vote on the Crittenden proposition is implored, in order that the people may know the exact temper of Congress on that measure. If it should fall, as it very likely will, then a clear road will be open for the action of the Feace Congress, which assem bies on the 4th amet. While United States troops continue to arrive for the protection of the capital, implements of war are being forwarded hence to the seceding States. A number of boxes, supposed to contain warlike articles, passed through this city to-day from Springiicld, Mass., destined for Jackson, Miss. The position of Hon. Alexander H. Stephens, of Goorgia, in this crisis, may be ascertained from the fullowing re- solutions, which he submitted to the Milledgeville Gon- vention, and which were adopted :— Resolved, That the delegates sent from this State by this Convention to the proposed Congress to assemble at Montgomery, Ala.,on the 4th day ot February next, bo fully authorized and empowered, upon a free conference ‘and consultation with the delegates that may be sent from other seceding States to said Congress, to unite witb them informing and putting into immediate operation @ temporary or provisional government for the common safety and defence of all the States represented in said Congress, such temporary or provisioual government not to extend beyond the period of twelve months from tho time it goes into operation, and to be modelled as nearly as practicable on the basis and principles of the late g0- vernment of the United States of America; the powers of the delegatec £0 appointed by this Convention, in this particular, being hereby declared to be fuil and plenary. Be it further resolved, That said delegates be likewise authorized, upon like conference and consultation with the delegatis from other States im said Congress, to agroo npona plan of permanent government for said Stutes upon the principles and basis of the constitution of the late United States of America, which said plan or ooneti- tution of permanent government shall not be binding or obligatory upon the people of Georgia until sub- mitted, approved and ratified by this Convention. ‘The Southern papers are studioualy silent respecting the Peace Convention. ‘A protest against the parsage of the Pacific Railroad Dillhas been presented to the House by parties who ara fighting it at every stop. The main objection urged is that the country {s in no condition to incur even tho prospective indebtedness of one handred and twenty-one millions of doliags to succor such an enterprise, however feasible and proper it might be in more prosperous times, If passed {1 is conjectured the Pregideat will veto the bili, on the ground that while he adYocates the measure as a bond of unity, # will be urwise to prosecute it while this country is in Sgpgpesent distracted state, and dismemberment is immigg@® if not actual. The Pacific Railroad, the President will argue, is a” measure in which the whole Union is concerned, not a part of It. The following extract of a letter from a distinguished citizen of Alabama has just been received here—Wo are out of the Union, but it is not according to the will ef the people of the State if they were left alone; but they are deceived by their leaders.” OUR WASHINGTON CORRESPONDENCE. Wasnivotoy, Jan. 30, 1861. The Uttimatum of South Carolina—Anticipated Adack on Fort Sumter— Prospect of an Arrangement—Straws Show ing how the Wind Blows—The Position of Pennsylvania and the Border States—The Concessions to be Made to the South, dbe., de., de. South Carolina’s ultimatum is said to be the surrender of Fert Sumter; otherwise it ie to be assaulted. Asa regular work, properly armed and garrisoned, it would only be reduceable in one way—that is, by ap over- whelming and incessant fire fron about a hundred of the heaviest pieces entrenched on the beach of Point Cummings, which would in ¢he end crumble the masoo ry, dismount the guns, 2nd kill or disable the scanty gar rison, But Sumter has hardly one-sixth of the force de~ signed for its defence, and may therefore be open t an attack of a less regular kind, which, though more fatal to life, must, if successful, lead to a speedy result. If, however, the danger of collision is becoming immi- nent about the fort, it # also true that the prospects of an amicable adjustmeat elsewhere are much brighter. First, we have Mr. Seward’s speech—not by any means defining what the South requires—for {t is a mere preii- minary—but still drawing with distinctness a lime bo: tween himself and the extremists, such as Philosopher Greeley, and declaring all party feeling subordinate to the Union. Secondly, there is Mr. Cameron’s brief bot clear stand in favor of Bigler’s rosolutions, and moro than that, if needed. That is very significant of the gense of Pennsylvania, and cannot conflict with the views of the President elect, for the Speaker {s to bo of hie council, There are other sigus in other places, indicat- ing that the tone of the North js te be conciliatory. Rhode Island has repealed her Personal Liberty bil! Abolitionists are hooted down in Boston; and above ai), the great masses will not tolerate resort to force, Your own noble First division—hsten to their remonstrance against a tender that might even savor of coercion Well, then, what is this to amount to? What will the republicans concede? The Speaker of thy House will abide by Mr. Corwin’s revolutions, and the Honso wii! do like wise, Wo may infer, therefore, that thedebatenble ground between what the republicans will concede and the soutt [CONTINUED ON "TH PAGE