The New York Herald Newspaper, January 11, 1861, Page 4

4 NEW YORK HERALD. JAMES GORDON BENNETT, EDITOR AND PROPRIETOR. OFFICE N. W. CORNER OF FULTON AND NASSAU STS. TERMS, cash in advance, Money sent by v wiser the Sender. ‘None but Bank bille curr baken. THE DAILY HERALD, two conta per oo VEEKLY HERALD, every Sat jum: the Baropean Ed $4 per annum any the Continent, both the Ant, Uth, and 2st of each rer anne. LD, on Wednesday, at four cents per PONDENCE, ior of the we ‘Gun Foreign Cominsronveny Ate ED TO SEAL ALL LETTERS AND PACK It be at the New York $7 per annum. (es per o age: California jouth, dit sie cenle pero) ny Regus! # taken We dono ymous correspondence, every day; advertisements in Fasiny Henauv, and inthe / Kuropean Edition. NTING executed with neatness, cheapness and de- Volame AMUSEMENTS THL ACADEMY OF MUSIC, Fourteenth street.—Iranian Orena—Sraanur.a—La Jvive, NIBLO'S GARDEN, Broadway.—Dasox axp Premuas. site Bond street.— Broadway, op Pux Sprrrine. WINTER GARDE! S—MARRPPA— Layo Mx Vive Sums THEATRE, Bowery.—Manrneponr—Eques- MAN CRS. é, K’s THEATRE, Noppy's Skonet. LAURA KEENE’S THEATRE, No. 624 Broadway.— SkvEN SisteRs, Broadway,—Pavite—Tow NEW ROWERY THEATRE, Bowery. —Buve Beanv— ScMooLMasren—W anLock OF THE GLEN, BARNUM’S AMERICAN MUSEUM, Broadway. —Day and Evening-—Tnx Ska oF lex—Azuc Cuinpnxx—Living Curt Osiris, £0 BRYANTS’ MINSTRELS, Mechanics’ Hall, 472 Broad way.—Bunixsuxs, Sones, Dances, &e.—Usun Ur. HOOLEY & CAMPBELL’S MINSTRELS, Niblo‘s Saloon, Broadway —Ermiovian Soxas, DaNcxs, BuRLesquas, &0.— Marry New Yrar, CANTERBURY MUSIC HALL, 663 Broudway.—Soxas, Dances, Bunixsaurs, &o. New York, Friday, January 1, 1861. MAILS FOR THE PACIFIC, New York Herald—California Edition. ‘The steamship Northern Light, Capt. Tinklepaugh, will Ieave this port to-day, at noon, for Aspinwall The mails for California and other parts of the Pacific will close at ten o'clock this morning. The New York Wexxxiy Herarp—California edition— containing the latest intelligence from all parts of the world, with a large quantity of local and miscellaneous matter, will be published at half-past eight o'clock in the morning. Single copies in wrappers, ready for mailing, six cents. Agents will please send in their orders as early as pos- bible. The News. Our intelligence from Charleston, published yesterday, relutive to the arrival of the steamer Star of the West in the harbor of Charleston, and her retreat when fired upon by the State batte- ries, is fully confirmed by later advices. The par- ticulars of the affair are detailed in another column. The Star of the West was intercepted by a steamer in the service of South Carolina, but she gave no attention to her. The batteries were then signalled, and shots were fired across the bows of the Star of the West to bring her to; but bhe still proceeded on her course, until she was fired upon, and two or three shots struck her, when she put about and went to sea, and has not since been heard of. Major Anderson, during the forenoon of Wednesday, despatched Lieutenant Hall with a flag of truce to Charleston, where he delivered a communication from the Major to Governor Pickens, wherein he recapitulates the facts concerning the Star of the West, and requests to know if the action of the State troops is authorized, and says that if such action is not disclaimed by the South Carolina au- thorities he will prevent the passage of all vessels to the city of Charleston. Governor Pickens re- plied that the reinforcement of the fort was re- garded as an act of hostility to South Carolina, and that he approved of the attack upon the Star of the West. After some deliberation Major Anderson concluded to refer the subject to the federal authorities at Washington, and Lieutenant Talbott was sent to the capital with despatches. ‘The latest accounts from Charleston state that the city was ina furor of excitement in anticipa- tion of the arrival of the sloop-of-war Brooklyn. ‘The forts and batteries in possession of the State troops were actively preparing to beat her off. She will most assuredly be attacked should she venture within reach of their guns. It is stated that Major Anderson will not hesitate to open the batteries of Fort Sumter should the Brooklyn be attacked. The authorities of South Carolina have taken possession of the steamer Marion for the service of the State. From Louisiana we learn that all the State troops at New Orleans were under arms on Wed- nesday night, and that yesterday detachments left the city to seize the United States Arsenal at Baton Rouge, Forts Jackson and St. Philip, on the river below the city, and Fort Pike, on Lake Pon- chartrain. New regiments of troops were being organized, and the greatest excitement every- where prevailed. During last summer the fortifi- cations on the Mississippi river were put in tho- rough repair and armed with first class guns, and a full supply of ammunition put into their maga- zines. Between the Balize and the mouth of the Mississippi there are three or four of these works, which render the passage by the river impractica- ble to an enemy. There was a rumor in New Orleans that the United States steam gunboat Crusader was on her way up the river, but it was probably without foundation, as she was to leave Mobile bay on the 3d inst. for her station off the coast of Cuba. There is reason to believe that the authorities of Florida and Texas have by this time taken pos- seasion of the fortifications on their coasts. From North Carolina we have intelligence of the seizure of Forts Johnson and Caswell, on the night of the 8th inst., by the State troops. An important movement has been set on foot in the Virginia Legislature, with a view to the prevention of civil war. The House of Delegates yesterday adopted # resolution asking the Presi- dent of the United States and the authorities of each of the Southern States, to the end that peace may be preserved, that the status quo of all move- ments tending to occasion collision, and concern- ing the forts and arsenals of the nation, shall be strictly maintained for the present, except to repel actual aggression, From Alabama and Florida the reports are that these States will secede to-day. Captain Conch, of steamship Roanoke, arrived last evening from Richmond, reports, January 9, three P. M., off Cape Henry, passed the United Btates steam sloop Brooklyn, bound south, Captain A, 8. Taylor, United States marine corps, has been detached from the Brooklyn ma. rine barracks, and ordered to the Washington ma. rine barracks, vice Major Geo. H. Terrett, ordered to the command of Fort Washington, on the Poto- mac, where a company of forty-five mariues haye been temporarily stationed. ‘The marines of the United States ship Cyane have lately been paid off at Washington, but the pailors still remain unpaid at Brooklyn, We publish in our news columns to-day a care- fully prepared topographical sketch of the Savan- nal river, from Tybee Light to the city of Savan- nah, showing the course of the river, the island in it, and the locality of forts Pulaski and Jackson, now in possession of the Georgia State troopa. Accompanying the engraved sketch is a carefully prepared and succinct description of the city of Savannah and the fortifications. The description of Fort Pulaski, we assume to say, will be found the best connected one yet given to the public. We give in another column full reports of the | Proceedings of the Legislature yesterday. They | are of unusual interest, The Senate Committee on | Federal Relations have, it is stated, agreed upon a report respecting the perilous condition of the na- tion, which pledges the South protection to the full extent of the constitution, and the repeal of all laws in conflict with such a p! ige. The re- port will also recommend that ilitia of the State be placed upon a war fc fo aid in sup- pressing insurrection in any of the Union. Congress was oceny’ » gsterday with the crisis. In the Senate Mr. Davis, of Mississippi, delivered a speech denying the right of the go- vernment to coerce a seceding State. A full re- port of his remarks is given in the proceedings elsewhere. In the House Mr. Boteler, of Virginia, spoke upon the condition of affairs, We also give 4 report of his remarks. The steamship Nova Scotian, Capt. McMasters, from Liverpool on the 27th, via Londonderry on the 28th ult., arrived at Portland at a late hour on Wednesday night. Her advices are three days later than those previously received. ‘The most important news by thisearrival is the commercial intelligence. Cotton and breadstuffs were active and advancing, with a fair demand for purposes of trade and also for speculation. Consols had declined. The political news is unimportant. Conaidera- ble excitement prevailed in Paris concerning the connection of Count De Morny with certain finan- cial speculations in mines. Cabinet councils had been held upon the subject, and it was thought that legislative inquiry would be the result. The siege of Gaeta continues, but the reports are very conflicting. It is conceded, however, that the Neapolitans could maintain themselves for some time tocome. The correspondent of the London Times in Italy says that the year 1861 will not perhaps wax very old before French troops are in possession of Gaeta, and possibly Naples itself. It is reported that England and France had come to an understanding with regard to Venetia, and that a joint commission would shortly be sent to Vienna urging the cession of Venetia without territorial recompense. The news from China is interesting, and con- firmatory of our previous advices from that quarter. The Board of Councilmen met yesterday after- noon and made another vain attempt to organize. When the roll was called, none of the republicans answered to their names, whereupon the tempo- rary President announced that the Board would meet at six o’clock this (Friday) evening. According to the weekly statistical return made to the Commissioners of Charities and Correction yesterday, the number of inmates in the city insti- tutions at present is 8,536—an increase of 126 for the week. The number admitted since that time was 1,572, and those who died, were discharged or transferred numbered 1,446. The department have diminished the annual expenses in the item of beef and mutton alone some $20,000 within the past year, though the quantity supplied to the in- stitutions is not diminished. The European news received yesterday had a favorable influence upon our cotton market. The stock was re- duced, while the speculative feeling continued. The sales embraced about 4.000 bales, 750 of which were made in transit. We quote middling uplands at 127%¢. a 180. Flour was in good demand generally, and at firmer prices for low and medium grades of State and Western, while higher brands were steady. Wheat was firm and in good request, and rather higher for good to choice lots. Corn was in fair request at improved prices, closing at rates given in another column. Pork was in good demand, with sales of new mess at $16 75 a $17, and at $134 $13 50 for new prime, Sugars were steady, with sales of 700 hhds., chiefly New Orleans, at 6c. a 6%c., with Cubas at 5340. a 6c, Coffee was quiet and steady. Freights were rteady and rates unchanged, with moderate engagements. Our Situation—What Has Transpired in the Last Twenty-four Hours. Intelligence has reached us within the last twenty-four hours of events transpiring in various quarters of the country pregnant with the most alarming symptoms of impending danger, which seem to be momentarily hurry- ing us towards inevitable civil war. The news published in the morning papers yesterday that the steamship Star of the West, with United States troops for Fort Sumter, had been fired into by the South Carolina State militia at Morris Island, and was compelled to put out to sea, created the most intense excite- mentall over the city, until, at a late hour, it was announced by the bulletins at the newspaper offices that Mrs. McGowan, the wife of the com- mander of the steamer, had received a despatch from her husband stating that the Star of the West had arrived at Charleston, and that the troops were landed at the tort. Then the most buoyant feeling was manifested everywhere, and people began to feel that a terrible cala- mity had been averted. But subsequent intelligence from Charleston changed all this feeling to one of alarm and consternation, for it confirmed the truth of the first despatch—the steamer had been fired into, and the troops of the government had not been landed at Fort Sumter. As this intelligence spread on the wings of the telegraph through- out the country, the effect produced upon the public mind in all quarters was that we were on the eve of war. The first gun had been fired, and the end of the struggle no man could fore- see. Despatches from Richmond indicated that the most fearful excitement reigned in the bor- der State of Virginia, and the effect of the news upon other Southern States might be easily anticipated. Following close upon this startling intelli- gence of an overt act of hostility on the part of South Carolina came the news that North Caro- lina had seized upon the forts in that State; that the steam frigate Brooklyn had been des- patched from Norfolk under sealed orders, and that she had been passed at sea bearing south- ward; that the steamer Joseph Whitney had sailed from Boston, laden with coal, provisions and troops, for some port in Florida. Then came the account of the actual secession of Mississippi on Wednesday, and preparatory steps taken yesterday by Florida and Alabama to follow ber out of the Union. In the midst of all this exciting intelligence despatches were received from New Orleans last night to the effect that all the militia were ordered out by Governor Moore; that all the United States forts and arsenals had been taken possession of amidst the enthusiastic plaudits of the people, and that assurances had been re- ceived there that Texas and Florida would im- mediately follow the example; and there is very little doubt that the government forts and arsenals are now in the hands of the authorities of those States, so that when the troops on board the Joseph Whitney arrive they will find no forts in Florida to garrison, Another sig- nificant piece of news which reached us Was that the steamship Marion, of the Charlestor line, hed been seized by the State of South Carolina for its own service. And all this hudget of hows—(ecming with danger and slarm, pregnant with the fore- shadowings of war and bloodshed—tells of events which have transpired within the bricf space of four-and-twenty hours. Yet, while the Southern States are thus acting, and going one by one out of the Union, there are many people in the North who do not yet believe that the South is im earnest; who think that the trouble is coming to an end, and who refused to recognise the possibility of the South Carolinians obstructing the Star of the West in her attempt to land government troops at Fort Sumter; while the demagogues of the republi- can party, who produced this fearful calamity, fearing to meet their constituents with this weight of responsibility upon their heads, still hold out that it all amounts to nothing, in the face of circumstances which too plainly in- dicate that the country is rapidly drifting into civil war. The pressure of this terrible crisis now rests upon Congress, and upon the incoming admi- nistration; and it is to be hoped that the events of the last twenty-four hours—the meaning of which cannot be mistaken—will have the effect of leading to an immediate settlement of the question. Now that the new President has in part selected his Cabinet, with Mr. Seward at its head, we entertain some expectations that before a serious collision takes place some proposition will be made tending to preserve us from the most frightful catastrophe that ever befel a nation. Such are the fears enter- tained by the State of Virginia, that one branch of the Legislature has just passed resolutions proffering its services as a mediator between the North andthe South to avert the impend- ing disaster; and these fears, we may say, are now shared by everybody throughout the entire country who values the existence of the confederacy, and who shrinks from the bloody horrors of a desolating civil war. As the presert administration can do no more towards pacification—the Executive having ex- hausted its constitutional powers, as Mr. Bu- chanan states in his Message—it is the new ad- ministration which must accomplish this grand result, by fairly and. boldly settling the differ- ences between the Southern States, who are contending for their constitutional rights, and that party at the North which, for the sake of a mere abstraction, is disposed to deny them. From the character of Mr. Seward, the Premier of the new administration, it is expected of him that he will take a decided stand in this mo- mentous crisis; and as he is expected to speak upon the state of the country in the Senate to- morrow, it is earnestly to be hoped that he will unfold some portion of the policy which Mr. Lincoln’s government intends to pursue with regard to the vital questions of the day. The Crisis—W. H. Seward vs. Abraham Lincoln on the Question of a Com- promise. We reproduce in this article, for the informa- tion of our readers, the salient points of Mr. Seward’s late conservative speech at the Astor House, and the editorial from the Albany Journal of Wednesday last, announcing that “on or before the 4th of March Governor Seward will resign his seat in the Senate, pre- paratory to his entrance upon other public duties,” meaning the duties that will devolve upon the Secretary of State under Mr. Lincoln's administration. Our object is to show that there were and are good grounds for the late warnings of the New York Tribune to the republican party, to wit: that the compromisers in the camp were at work, and that the anti-slavery radicalisms of the Chicago platform were ia danger of being cast overboard at Washington. These fears of our implacable anti-slavery cotemporary are doubtless due to the appointinent of Mr. Seward as Mr. Lincoln's Secretary df State, and to the interesting conservative manifestations result- ing from this appointment. The Albany Jour- nal says that, “early in December, Mr. Lincoln addressed to Mr. Seward, at Washington, a letter kindly expressive of his confidence and regard, and cordially offering him the Department of State, to which Mr. Seward immediately replied, expressing his grateful sense both of the honor conferred and of the gratifying manner in which the offer was made,” but asking a little time for reflec- tion, after the manner of a modest damsel, on the receipt of the very proposition desired, and from the identical gentleman who is not the man to be refused. Mr. Seward accordingly reflects upon the subject, and all his reason: for a negative answer are “overruled by «sense of duty.” “He had been largely instrumental,” says Mr. Weed, “in bringing about that condition of public affairs which adds tothe responsibili- ties of the incoming administration, and he cannot refuse to stand by it.” Mr. Weed then, in the mantle of a prophet, puts on revord the prediction “that President and Premier will so discharge their duties, amid all the difficulties that surround them, as to preserve the bless- ings of Union, and to deserve and receive the homage of their countrymen.” Mark the words—“the blessings of Union,” and “the hom- age of their countrymen.” Surely these beau- tiful promises cannot mean coercion, civil war, fire and sword, chaos, anarchy, and still be- ginning and never ending revolutions, No! This prediction of Union and public gratitude, unless a mere “ glittering generality,” means peace, conciliation, compromise, and a restora- tion of harmony between the North and the Soutff, But how? Mr. Seward, in his Astor House speech, tells us how. He says:—“If we keep entirely cool, and entirely calm, and entirely kind, a debate will ensue which will be kindly in itself; and it will prove, very soon, either that we (of the North) are wrong, and we shall concede to our offended brethren; or else that we are right, and they will acquiesce and eome back into fraternal relations with us.” This is good; and this was said on Saturday, the 22d of December, in New York city, after Mr. Seward had visited Auburn and Albany, upon the question of accepting the office of Premier to Mr. Lincoln; so that this speech, we may reasonably assume, was made, as by a member thereof, in behalf of the incoming administra- tion. But what is this we hear from Springfield? Governor Chase, of Ohio, has had an interview with the President elect, and in this conference it was agreed “to urge upon the legislative dics Of Ohio, Indiana, Tiinois, Michigan, Wisconsin, Minnesota and Towa to take common ground, in the shape of strong and explicit Union resolutions, and, should the course of events in the South require it, prepare for the necessity of maintaining the republican administration and the federal laws vi ef armis, by getting their militia system into working order.” It further appears, that in this conference “a per- NEW YORK BRRALD, FRIDAY, JANUARY 11, 1861. feet coincidence of Opinion was arrived at;” that “compromise propositions were looked upon unfavorably, not from any feelings of hos- tility towards the South, but 10m the convic- tion that the cotton States are decermined to go out of the Union, no matter what peace offer- ings in the form of Northern concessious may be made to them,” We must confess that the indications of a compromise embodied in this intelligence are not very flattering. What, then, are we to ex- pect’ It would seem to be the policy of the President elect—First, to do nothing for the Union in the interval to the 4th of March. Se- condly, to prepare for the oceupation of the federal government by force of arms, if neces- sary. Thirdly, to enforce the federal laws in the seceding States; and, lastly, to coerce or starve them into submission. Our Springfield correspondent also assures us that the Presi- dent elect does not approve the project of ad- mitting New Mexico as a State with its Territo- rial slave code unimpaired, and that he remains as firm as ever in favor of the absolute exclu- sion of slavery from the Territories. Assuming all this to be authentic news, as we do, it is manifest that Mr. Lincoln, in the quiet, secluded inland Minois village of Springfield, not seeing them, does not believe in the surging waves of revolution which are carrying every- thing before them in the Southern States. He wants light, and, by those representatives of his party at Washington who know, he should at once be informed of the dangers of the crisis, and of the immediate necessities fora com- promise. Mr. Seward has the floor of the Senate, first in order, on the President’s Mes- sage. In behalf of the Union, the incoming administration and the peace of the country, let him seize the occasion to present an accept- able compromise to the South. “Largely in- strumental,” as the Albany Journal frankly and truly declares him to be, for the present revo- lutionary condition of our public affairs, let him come forward to the full measure of his responsibilities, his promises and the public expectations, and Mr. Lincoln will hear and believe. The work of revolution moves on apace in the South—a state of actual war is at length hurrying it along. To reclaim the seceded States, to appease the States contemplating se- cession, masterly inactivity for the present, and coercion when they get the power, will not avail the republican party. Immediate peace offerings are demanded from the party, not less for its own sake than for the Union. Let Mr. Seward then come forward bravely to his duty, or his faith in the tenacity of the States to the Union will be speedily destroyed. With the establishment of a Southern confederacy, we may as well talk of the reunion of the Italian States under the government of Austria as of the restoration of our Southern States to a union with the North. Masterly inactivity when a great empire is beginning to fall to pieces will not do, nor will empty glori- fications save the tottering fabric from destruction. Progress of the Revolution—What is to Be Done? As in the Revolution of 1776,when one colo- ny followed another in throwing off the yoke of the mother country, and from strong words it came at last to hard blows, so now State af- ter State is seceding from the Union, and revo- lutionary proceedings are the ordinary news of the day. Acts of war have been committed. Some of the federal fortresses have been seized, and one of them beleaguered, and a ship carry- ing reinforcements, provisions and fuel to the handful of United States troops who hold it, has been fired into by order of the authorities of the “ sovereign State of South Carolina.” Another State—Mississippi—has asserted its sovereignty and independence by secession ; while Louisiana, North Carolina, Alabama and Georgia—the authorities of which have already seized the federal fortresses within their terri- tory—will speedily follow. Florida and Ala- bama are now in Convention, and every moment we may expect the consummation of their revolution. The Georgia Conven- tion meets on the 16th; the Louisiana Con- vention meets on the 23d, and from the way in which the elections have gone in that State, there can be no doubt that she will be “out of the Union” before the end of the month. It is thus certain that six States will have been se- vered from the confederacy before the lapse of three weeks. Most of the other Southern States are proceed. ing in the same path, it being merely a difference between them and the other slave States as to the order of time. Virginia is now in session, and her Legislature is completely revolution- ary. Orders have been given to arm the State, and the proper committee have reported in favor of a Convention on the 11th of February, which will be carried, and that State is sure to go out or “fight in the Union.” On the same day is to be held the Convention of Arkansas, which will certainty follow suit. The Governor of Texas, eminently conservative, had long re- sisted the application to him to call an extra seasion of the Legislature, with a view of de- ciding upon the question of a Convention. Firm as he is known to be, he has yielded to the pressure of revolution, and,the Legislature, having been called together, have ordered a Convention for the 28th of January. There can be no doubt that Texas will join the other cotton States. This makes nine out of the fifteen States revolutionized. There only remain North Carolina, Ken- tucky, Tennessee, Missouri, Maryland and Dela- ware to be accounted for. No one doubts that North Carolina, whose Legislature adjourned until after the holidays, will go with the majo- rity of the Southern States. In Maryland, if the Governor persists much longer in resisting the application of members of the Legislature to call an extra session, it is probable the Le- gislature will, in view of the revolutionary as- pect of the South, assemble of their own accord, and call a Convention of the people in despite of the Governor, for revolution is the order of the day, In the event of coercion or civil war, the interests of Maryland being identified with the South, and the sympathies of a large majo- rity of her people being with the cause of the Southern States, she will assuredly follow the lead of Virginia, Delaware is of about as much consequence as Rhode Island, but would have to go with the South. The Missouri Legislature is in session, and that State will secede like the rest, unless the fall measure of justice be conceded. The State is every moment becoming more and more revolu- tionary; and the same is true of Kentucky, which was regarded, hitherto, as decidedly conservative. Her Legislature meets on the 17th, and she may be safely booked as going with Virginia, The rejection of Crittenden’s compromise propositions fas driven the Union men into the ranks of secessio. * We have now to consider the case of the important State of Tennessee, the last 0.” the Southern States. Up to the present juncty "® that State has been regarded as the most con- servative State in the Union. Mr. Bell, the embodiment of the Union sentiment at the South in the late Presidential election, hails from Tennessee. But what is the con dition of that State now? ‘The answer will be found in the calm, dignified and powerful message of her Governor to the Legislatare, now in extra session, which we print in another purt of this day’s Herarp. In this argumentative but determined docu- ment, which we commend to the perusal of every Northern man, the republican party, unless they are struck with what the Puritans would call “judicial blindness,” must see in large and legible characters the doom of the Union, unless the most ample concessions are made to the demands of justice. For if Ten- nessee fails the North, as a rallying point for the Union, where else in the South is she to look for help or hope? Let any dispassionate Northern man read the indictment’ against the Northern States by the Governor of Ten- nessee, and then say whether the South is not wronged and aggrieved, and whether, if her wrongs are not redressed, she ought to remain in a Union which is but “the union of the shark with its prey?” As to the course Tennessee means to pursue, if we are to take the message of her Governor as any indication, there cannot be a shadow of doubt. He says “to evade the issue forced upon them at this time, without the fullest se- eurity for their rights, would be fatal to the in- stitution of slavery forever.” He ‘has no doubt as to the necessity and propriety of call- ing a State Convention;” and a Convention will be called, and the chances are one hun- dred to one that that Convention will declare Tennessee out of the Union, He enumerates some excellent amendments to the constitution as absolutely necessary for the restoration of amicable relations, and on the part of the State confidently expresses its determination to “assert and maintain its equality in the Union, or its independence out of it.” He likewise declares that Tennessee will never submit to coercion by the federal power of any seceding State, for that would Be “a Union not of consent, but of force; a Union not of equals, but of the victors and the vanquished.” And this is the unanimous resolve of all the Southern States. The military force of Tennessee is 120,000men, and the Governor recommends the purchase of more arms and a thorough and efficient arming of the State. This message is the most decisive and signi- ficant sign of the times we have yet ob- served at the South. Itshows that whatever Union sentiment existed in'the Southern States heretofore is now extinguished, and that the secession movement is sweeping all before it like an avalanche. The North would not be- lieve the South was in earnest till now it is almost too late to arrest the progress of the revolution. It contented itself with denounc- ing the secessionists as traitors and rebels, which only accelerated their action. George IIL. and his ministers called the people of these States, when they were colonies, rebels and traitors ; but the denunciation did not stop their career. Had he yielded to their just de- mands and shed no blood, he might have pre- served his provinces. If, before the end of the next month, the rights of the South are not conceded, fifteen States will be lost to the confederacy before the 4th of March, and any attempt at coercion will only hasten the catastrophe. Full justice to the Souta, promptly rendered, or the peaceable separa- tion of fifteen States, and the formation of a Southern confederacy, or the dread alternative of a bloody civil war, are the only possible so- lutions of the dark problem which agitates the whole American people, from Passamaquoddy to the Rio Grande. The Revolution in New Granada—Im- pending Danger to Our Pacific Trade. Troubles at home are very likely to make us disregard dangers abroad. It becomes our duty to call the attention of the people and government of the United States to the fact that an imminent danger is impending over our Pacific trade across the Isthmus of Panama, in consequence of the revolution goir g on in New Granada. Thousands of our citizens, and more than one hundred millions worth of American commerce, crossing yearly by that highway, may very possibly be, at some early day, at tue mercy of an organized mob of negroes and other desperate characters. Our correspon- dence from Panama by the last steamer advises us that some fear was generally entertained in that quarter that in case the New Grana- dian government forces, now about to operate against the revolutionists in the State of Cauca, and in the Atlantic States of Magdalena and Bolivar, were unsuccessful, the revolutionary chiets would doubtless attempt to make a de- scent, by sea, against the State of Panama, and occupy that transit route. A movement of this kind was not considered very hazardous, as they could rely upon some co-operation from their compeers, the negroes on the transit route, whose barbarity is fresh in our remembrance since the massacres of 1856, and who on several other occasions have evinced their revolutionary spirit, especially on their attempt, on the 27th of September last, to attack and take possession of the city of Panama. The exhausted federal garrison of Santa Marta had arrived there lately; but the Panama treasury was about as exhausted, and it seems that it was not the intention of the authorities to impose a permanent tax upon the citizens for their continual support; and moreover, the troops were probably intended to be sent somewhere else to co-operate against the revo- Intionists, The interests thus jeopardized are principally American, and ought to be prompt- ly and energetically attended to. The protec- tion due to them, and the existence of an im- portant international compact, demand that our government should act in the matter with- out delay. By the liberal treaty of 1848 with New Gra- nada, the citizens, vessels and merchandise of the United States were put on a footing of per- fect equality, on the Isthmus of Panama, with the citizens, vessels and merchandise of New Granada, in point of exemptions, privileges and immunities concerning commerce and na- vigation. This equality it was stipulated to extend to the United States passengers, corres- pondence and merchandise in transit across that territory, and the right of way,- open and free, was guaranteed to our government and citizens, And ns qn especlal componsetion for tts these advantages, the United States guaranteed, by the same treaty, “the perfect neutrality of the before mentioned Isthmus, with the view that the free transit from the one to the other sea may not be interrupt ed or embarrassed in any future time While this treaty exists; and, in consequence, we United States also guarantee, in the same man,er, the rights of sovereignty and property which New Granada has and possesses over the said tern “ory.” The dist..tbed States of Cauca and Bolivar, treating them witti as much earnestness and consideration as they vemand, hold to-day —re- specting tive natioxal Granadian government — exactly the same povition held by South Caro- lina towards the government of the United States. By dacree of the 8th of May last, Gen. Mosquera, Gov ernor of Cauca, proclaimed that “the federa | compact has beem broken, and the sovereigm, y of the States trodden down, and therefore, * * * in accordance with the declarations of the Legislature of Cauca, * * * this State res ‘umes, from to-day hence, the fulness of its sovere ignty, and shall not con- tinue in any connection whatever with the na- tional powers,” &c. Ger, '- Mosquera has since then displayed his sover ¢ign capacities, ad- dressing himself directly t 9 the foreign Minis- ters residing in New Granaa ‘@, our own includ- ed. The revolutionists of th \¢ Atlantic States operate in perfect unison wit Mosquera, and it is known that his Excellency President Nieto, Governor of Bolivar, has ada ‘Tessed himself also to Lord John Russell, compi ‘ining against some British residents and officers Who had be- haved disrespectfully towards hi, 3 Sovereign character, and warning the British F, reign Sec- retary upon that subject. We took due notice at that tim ° of Mr. Nieto’s note, as showing that the Brit °h, with their usual farsight and practical vy, ‘ews of things, were not slow in taking a stand ; sainat such greedy farceurs and their negro ja ‘nissa- ries. With a full appreciation of their ow 7 in- terests, they have been lending to the fer leral chiefs and to those unhappy and terror stri, “ken populations all the occasional aid that waa compatible with their duties, and lately we have heard that the Commander of the Ca 4- mus, British ship-of-war, after assisting the ga "- rison of Santa Marta in their escape, impera ‘~ tively forbade the revolutionists to ransack the ° Custom House, upon which they fell like hun- gry birds of prey. Still, it seems that they could not be prevented from massacreing and:, plundering, in which, at last dates, they were engaged in the city. Still, the British have not had their Consula! and flag outrageously insulted, as was the case’ with our Consul in Rio Hache, on the 11th of July last, by a party of soldiers belonging to these very same revolutionary forces of Mag- dalena. They compelled him to escape and take refuge on board of a vessel; and, indeed, had he remained, he would have met the same fate as one of the clerks of the Dutch Consu- late there, who, on that day, was taken from a boat, carried to prison, and there murdered, under the most atrocious circumstances, while fifty more persons were murdered afterwards near Rio Hache, with equal cruelty, by the same parties. In Bolivar those negro revolutionists have acted in like man- ner. The town of Mompos was sack- ed, deluged in blood and half burnt after being occupied, and we have been assured that at some other place one gentleman of the name of Patron had his head cut off and sent to his widow, who, being pregnant at the time, died in consequence, while his sister became demented at the sight of such incredible bru- tality. Such is the fate which awaits our citizens and interests in Panama if the negro hordes of Mosquera and Nieto are permitted to make a filibustering descent upon it, in the name of the sovereign States of Cauca and Bolivar, We hope that the government of the United States will not lose a moment in instructing our naval commanders on those stations to treat those gentlemen as they deserve. Vast American in- terests, as well as our good faith pledged to the national government of New Granada for the guarantee of its sovereignty and rights of property over the Isthmus, are at ake; and we hope, also, that the time may never arrive when our citizens in Rio Hache, Santa Marta, Carthagena and Buenaventura will be obliged to ask from British men-of-war the protection due to them from their own government. Decrixe AND Fatt, or HeLrer.—About o year ago Helper was a great man. His “Impending Crisis” was the topic of the day. Helper was discussed in the journals, in private coterics, in the national legislature and the Cabinet councils of the Executive. Helper’s book had been endorsed by the leading republican mem- bers of the House and Senate, and had been vehemently opposed by the democratic mem- bers. Helper ruined John Sherman, and put Pennington into the Speaker’s chaip, Helper, for the time being, was the prophet of the re- publican party. His book had a great pecu- niary success, over two hundyed thy usand copies having been sold, and the deme nd still unsatisfied. By-and-by the astute ‘Thurlow Weed and some others of the same pay ‘ty found out that Helper was doing them more’ parm than good, and they turned about, saying that it was all a mistake, that they had ne ver read his book, and did not, upon duecxami tion, believe” in its doctrines. Then Helper sut jsided. Since the real crisis arrived, Helper , Hyatt & Co. have gone into obscurity, and great many people are firmly convinced that the former was a myth, an illusioa, a s¢ rt of second edi- tion of the “What Is It?” 1. is rofreshing to know, however, that Helpe r still lives. Helper turned up the other day,, and announced that he would lecture wpon the “Two Systems of Labor,” on the eveni ig of Wednesday, ther 9th instant, The pub) ic received this import- ant announcoment ‘with the most profound equanimity. Instead of rushing to see and hear Helper, or fo put down Helper, as the case might be, the public let Helper alone very severely. Helper’s entire gamffence in- cluded thirty ive men, seven women, fifteen policemen af da dog. The lecture was indefi- nitely postr joned, and Helper retired to pri- vate life,» ever to emerge again, unless Old Abe sends hir , on a special mission to the King of Dahon y. Inorder to make Helper's discom- fitura more complete, a numberof persons who had come to have afook at him organized a Uruion meeting, and passed resolutions pitch ing into Greeley, Beecher, Seward & ( ny. These oceurrenoes are eminently tive. Where were Helper’s republican frier Where the bank presidents who devised the highly snecessful plan of quieting the country by electing Lincoln’ Where Greeley Evarts, oS