The New York Herald Newspaper, August 13, 1860, Page 4

4 NEW YORK HERALD, JAMES GORDON BENNETT, SDITOR ANT PROYRISTOR. Orrick SN. W. COMSEX OF NAS#AT AND FOLCON sts, oe Dy wnat hl be at the p rived as mudocription | TERY. isk of O's te Daley HERALD L "tT g ALD, ery 1 wwory cay; cdvertisementa tne amir Genaco, and tm the roalness, Cheapmess and dew AMUSEMENTS THIS EVENING. 3 GARDEN, Broadway.—Kqunsruias Perron NIBL CUNDESKLLA, ance- Ticut Rore Fears—Le WALLACK’S THEATRE, Broadway.—Douser anv Son— How To Get Uvt oF It, o. 624 Broadway.—Our . Mowery.—Moxre Ontsto— s Usk N MUSEUM, Broadway. —Day NOS, DaNchs, BORLESQTES) Lay Broadway.— os, 2RA HOUSE, 535 Broad- xsqurs, Dances,’ &e.—Scunn- Chathan street—Intsa Ext- ny Mommy. © Gkapa, toln ntaL Coxcen atreet.—Necaowancy— CANTERBURY Dances. Buxtesques, The New The monster steamship Great Eastern, recently on an excursion trip to the South, left Annapolis roads cn Saturday morning, and reached her dock at the foot of Hammond street at six o'clock yes- terday afternoon, She brought thirty-four passen- We give this morning full particulars of the " at Long Branch on Saturday last, by Edward 0. Dummer, of Jersey City, and Whittaker, of Trenton, lost their iv es, "We are compelled to add to our record of the t anpther sad case of drowning, which occur- red yesterday forenoon at the Nevasink Highlands, in front of the Pavilion He Mr. Gustavus A, Ratz, the well known Secretary of the Liquor Deal- ers’ Associati wife and other gentlemen and 3 were in bathing, when the force of the cur. rent carried them beyond their depth. Mr. Ratz was drowned, and the others narrowly escaped the fame melancholy fate. A young man named Gardi- ner, who lived in Buffalo, was also drowned. Full part rs ofthe drowning, as also of the Coro- ners’ inqnests and the disposition of the remains, will be found in another column. The mship North Star, from Aspinwall 4th inst. ing the California, Central and South American mails, arrived at this port yesterday morning. The North Star brings $1,00 in treasure. The details of the news from Cal ia, with interesting intelligence from Oregon, Victori: Fraser river, &c., will be found in our San Fran- cisco letter. Our South American news by the North Star is highly interesting. The revolutionists are still fighting their way along, and it is contemplated that Generals Mosquera and Obando will march against Bogota. General Mosquera declined the nomination of the liberal party for the Presidency, and declared that be had no wish for that office. President Ospina has declared war against the re- volted States, and has taken command of the BECO ision of the federal army. The Adminis- trator General of the State of Cauca has issued a de- cree declaring all the ports of Cauca closed against foreign commerce. The object of the decree ig to prevent the Mosquera party from collecting duties. The various consuls had been supplied with copies of the decree. The British steamer Clio left Pana- ma on the 30th. An anniversary of the independ- ence of Peru was celebrated with great pomp on the 28th at Panama. A detailed accouut of the cruise of the United States frigate Lancaster will be found in another column, anda careful perusal of it will be found very interesting. Our Mexican news informs us that the liberal party still continue to hold possession of all the ic. Mlramon's troops are said to number some 4,000 well armed and able soldiers. Miramon himself is near Guanajvata, with some 3,000 men, waiting to march wherever he will be me At Sonora they were preparing to make an a npon the Indians, and some hot work is ant The Rev. Mr. Cl . pastor of the Presbyte- a h in Twenty-cighth street, between s, preached a sermon yes- ning im thet church, before the John Knox Lodge No. 36, of the American Protestant Association, and other lodges of the same associa- tion, on the occasion of anniversary of the orde 4 the tri t ersary of the Re forma about t Seotiand. The s have for joy We have a re news compels us to d A Doug Demo« bled in Lonisvi ky, on Saturday last, Abont seven he ates were in attend ance. Electors at large were appointed, a fall t nominated 1 resolut Done ns pa reaffirming the Cincinnati platform and repudiat fusion. From the statement in our despatch from Wash- ington this morning, it will be seen that the actual amount of mouey appropriated for the pubtic ser- vice by the last session of Congress was 679,301,- 054 99. Letters from Mr. Barwell, an eminent lawyer of Mississippi, and the Hon Mr. Boyce, of South Caro lina, threatening that the cotton States will seced if Lincoln should be elected to the Presidency, are given in onr paper this morning, and commented | on in our editorial columns. We have in type, but are compelled to defor their | publication, a very interesting collection of letters from onr special correspondents at the various watering places, in which they present a correct passing review of the scenes of gayety, pleasure and pain enacted in these fashionable summer re- forts. From the White Sulphor Springs we learn that Sonthern military visiters form a leading attraction. The ladies are entranced with the “bold svjer | ard flirtation and moustaches arc abundant. | ‘8, a 04 scenes at the Catskill mountains are de scribed as full of gayety and pleasure. There are visitors from all parts of the Union, and the supply of eammer fruita ts plentiful. Our “Sachem's Head” correspondent describes the doings at this locality daring the recent visit of the ‘Little Giant,” and gives some pleasing descrip- dis Conivetiont wate e coming re sted balls aud a udson, m Cotunbia Springs we haye cheering intel- virtues of the mineral waters as well as of the heulth of vi 8 generally, The cotton warket continued steady on Satarday, while sales, however, were restricted to sme B00 or 400 bales,” closing without change ta prices. The flour market was lest terpsighorean ex- | due) ant and active, especially for common aad medio State aud Western brands, which were easier. Sourhera Zour was w!so less active, but Grmiy held, Wheat was ir regular i price, while sales were toa fair exteateand at rather lower rates for common qualities. Corn opened with firmness, but closed dull, while gales were tolerably active. Pork was rather firmer and more active,, with sales of new mess at $19 12)s,an4 of prime at $13 95 4 $14 25. Sugars were unchanged, while the sales reached from 800 a 900 hhds. @offee was quiet. In freights rates were easier, vessels being more plenty. Wheat was ex gaged for Liverpool at 104. in bulk and 10d. in shi, ‘bags, aud duur at 33., aud flour for Londou was taken at 3a. Gd, News from the Home of Mr, Lincoln—ix. tracrdinary Confessions from a Pees dential Candidate. The interesting letter which we publish to-day from Springfield, Lilinois, \ve submit to the epe- cial attention of our readers. It will be perceived that our correspondent has called upon and found “Honest Old Abe” at home; has freely conversed with him and his neighbors, and is delighted with the results of his visit. Thus “Old Abe,” in every respect, is painted in flattering coiors as the man for the crisis, the man for the people, and “a marvel- lously proper man” for the White House. His home “is like the residence of an Americaa gentleman in easy circumstances,” inside and out, but “is not so aristocratic an esta’ lishment as the homes of many members of our Com:noa Council.” They have no Japanese pickings in Mllinois. He still “enjoys lite ina very easy manner, though a practicing lawyer ia all the courts of the State.’ His neighbors like him. “They like his sociability and familiarity.” They like him “asa plain, unassuming man, possessing strong common sense,” and quick- ness of apprehension “in detecting the right from the wrong.” They like him because “he is honest, talks sense, and ia not too proud to sit down upon his doorsteps in his shirt sleeves and chat with his neighbors.” Here is a hint for Thurlow Weed. Would he not do well to supersede that most excruciating cut of the bungling rail splitter with a neat picture of “Old Abe” sitting on his doorstep, in his shirt sleeves, chatting familiarly with some of his neighbors? But we pass on to what Mr. Lincoln has to say for himself. Our corre- spondent is charmed with him. He is a model of frankness. “He had no disguises.” On the subject of slavery he “emphatically declared that it was his principle not to touch it where it exists, but to prevent its spread into terri- tory now free.” “He would protect the South in their institutions as they exist, and said that Southerners did not comprebe J the position of the republicans in regard to slavery.” They were not a party Who would destroy the South by fire and sword. All this is very plausible; but now we come to the pith of the matter. Mr. Lincoln said “he would like to go South and talk to the South- erners on this topic, were it not that the’minds of some were so inflamed against him that they | would not listen to his reasoning, but, on the other band, might be inclined to inflict Lynch law upon his person, should he appear among them.” He had been invited to go to Kea- tucky; but, upon inquiring into the matt’, “he came to the conclusion that the iavitation was atrap laid by some designing persons to in- | veigle him into a slave State” for the purposes of personal violence. This confession is frank and honest; but it is a very startling one from a Presidential candi- date. Mr. Lincoln {s before the people of all the States as a candidate for the highest office in their gift, and yet he has not the moral cou- rage to cross the boundary between the free | state of insubordination and insecurity am States and the slave States, for fear of personal violence. Why afraid? Why this intense feel- ing of hostility in the South against him—so in- tense and universal that he dare not even visit his native State of Kentucky, where he has a wide circle of distinguished family conuections, and where the public sentiment is eminently conservative? This question is suggestive. It betrays the appreciation by Mr. Lincola of is positiof as the candidate of a dangerons sec- tional party, and as the embodiment of their revolutionary principles. There would be no reason for this fear of personal violence among his own people of Kentucky if there were no cause for some deeply rooted conviction of danger in connec- tion with this republican party. And the danger has been pointed out by Mr. Lincola himself in his declaration of the “irrepressible conflict,” from which gll the States are dest to become free States or slave States. The re- publican party do not intend to interfere with slavery where it exists. Oh, no. They will only exclude it from all the Territories, and build up a wall of free States around the slave States, and remodel the Supreme Court ia favor of “freedom,” and extend the freedom of | speech and of the press to abolition emifesaries in the South, and through various other “con- stitutional” ways and means slir up such a 4 the servile population of the Sonth @: to muke even South Carolina too hot to hold it. All this is well understood in che South; and thus it is that the republican party is regarded with j Such alarm and indignation throughout the South that even Mr, Lincoln, as the republican | candidate for i’resident, dare not cross the | dividing line into his native State of Kentucky Our correspondent arsures us that “ Lincoln | | is not an ugly man; that his features may ap- | pear rugg ad to the casual observer, but that when engaged in earnest and attentive conver- sation they assum an asp once pleasing | &nd engaging; and hence it is inferred his | conquest of “the charming young lady whose tealm is now his domestic hearth.” But if Mr. Lincoln were personally a duplicate of Apollo, and if bis influential family connections exte: 1- ed to every Southern State, he would none the leas be excluded from them, as the embodiment of the republican abolition creed, than he is from Kentucky. Against him and his cause, with the people of the South, is the vital iss,» of the safety or destruction of their domestic institutions. They are at the mercy of the pow- erful North; and menaced by this formidable Northern anti-slavery alliance, they shut their doors against it, even to the exclusion of South- ern men with their aggressive Northern priaci- ples. And yet it appears to us that in this business NEW YORK HERALD, MONDAY, AUGUST 13, 1860, | Mr. Lincoin is over cautions touching his per- | sonal safety. With a clear conscience and 4 | geod oc as be believes his } \ he would pot besitwte, as a tr: valric Kentuckian, to cross the Ohio rive end follow the example of Cassius M. Clay. he should suffer from lawleas violence, il would add largely to his political capital in the dowbt- ful States of the North; if he should come of unscathed, bis courage would be vindicated, and he would stand approved as possessing enough of this quality to be President of the United States. As it is, he stands somewhat in the predicament of Sir John Falstaff, whose doctrine was that “ discretion is the better part of valor;” and no such mae is qualified to stand in the shoes of George Washington, Jefferson, or Old Hickory. Tf Mr. Lincoln cannot otherwise be induced to go over and talk to the people of the Souta face to face, let Mr. Douglas lead the way; for, after hearing from its eloquent apostle what squatter sovereignty is, the people of the South will doubtless lend a willing ear to his eloquent Iilinois competitor on the Northern side of Cou- gressional intervention. Finally, as our cor- respondent suggests that, acting uuder the ad- vice of the Hrratp, Mr. Lincoln may even now be casting about for hia cabinet, we submit that, in order to discover his most available Southern cabinet timber, he cannot do better than at once to make a short tour of recon- noisgance in the Southern States. Free Leve an High Life—Tne New Gur mey Plank in the Lincoln Platform, Early in the year 1859 English fashionable society had a sudden shock. A married lady had absconded with her groom. The deserted husband was a great man in Lombard street, and sat in Parliament for the borough once represented by Sir Robert Walpole. The names of the partiese—John Henry Gurney, M. P. for Lynn-Regis, and Mary his wife—will be readily remembered. The affair was the more remarkable from their antecedents. Mr. Gur- ney is the only son of Joseph John Gurney, the celebrated Quaker preacher, philanthropist and banker. The elder Gurney came to the United States about the year 1830, upon an anti slavery mission, with his sister, Mrs. Eliza- beth Fry, well known fer her efforts to reform abuses in the prisons of Europe and America, Samuel Gurney, the London banker—likewise broad brimmed and philanthropic—was the brother of Mrs. Fry and Joseph Gurney. The absconding wife was her husband's second cou- sin, daughter of Richard Hanbury Gurney, M. P., deceased, first cousin to Gurney pere, above mentioned. The head of the Gurney family—a bright and shining light in Israel— Hudson Gurney, uncle to John Henry, has been a member of Parliament, a Fellow of the Royal Society, Vice President of the Society of Antiquaries, Tigh Sheriff of Norfolk, and altogether as splendid a specimen of the old fogy British bachelor as could be found in all her Majesty’s dominions. At the present moment John Henry is carrying on the old bank a Norwich, in single blessedness, while Mrs. Mary, his unfaithful spouse, is living abroad with the stout centaur whose business it was to ride the conventional distance behind his mistress, but found himself too often at her buidie rein. The parties are all plentifully supplied with this world’s goods. John Henry. is very rich, and in age rises forty; the lady inherited five millions of dollars from her father. She is between twenty-five and thirty years of age, and said to be physically and mentally a fair type of the English female cha- racter. We have given these details that our readers may the better understand a very remarkable document which appeared in the Tribune a day or two ago, and from which we have made copious extracts, to be found in another part of this paper. It isa very long, exceedingly elaborate and deeply interesting letter from Mrs. Mary Gurney to a friend of her school days. As an exposition of the dangerous social doctrines initiated by a school of dissolute philosophers in France, and since practically carried into effect in England and the United States, the letter is certainly prepared with marked abili- ty. Every sentiment or passion wherewith bu- man nature in its highest developement has been gifted is evoked in this document, which far ' anscends in power the most elaborate ef- forts of George Sand, Alphonse Karr or Er- nest Peydean. The letter of Mrs. Gurney is, of course, all the more daggrrous because of the marked ability which it displays. It is understood that the au- thenticity of this letter is beyond peradventure; that it has been written altogether by Mrs, Gur- ney’s own proper hand; that its publication is authorized by her, and fiat she is at present in this country, living at one of the fashionable watering places under an assumed name, The publi¢ation of such matter by the chief Lincoln organ just at the present moment is most signi- ficant, and affords the very best proof of the truth of all which has been said and written as to the dangerous tendencies of the black repub- lican party doctrines. Let us examine the facts. It is now some. thing over thirty years ago that the British abo- | liionists, having succeeded in their scheme of emancipation, so faras Jamaica and the other Ergiish colonies were concerned, turned their attention to the United States, and began to send corer missionaries of the Garrison school. At first these emissaries met with but little fa- vor, but they persevered. Garrison set up ® press at Boston, and the Journal of G ree. was established as the New York organ of the radical abolitionists. In New England Garrison gained many adherenta— good people who were mored to pity by the terribie stories told of the cruelties practised | upon slaves, but who never supposed that the doctrines advocated by the Lilerator were ever to be practically carried out. The abo- litionists were not, however, without extraneous aid. Side by side with their social heresy sprang up a variety of other “isms”—a catalogue } so long that we could never recall it without reference to the Tyilnne files. The theory of human freedom, carried to the fullest extent as the sum of all good, was advocated by philoso- phers of the Fanny Wright school, and met with many followers in New England. Then came the Fourier era in France. The social system was to be entirely reconstructed, and, asa preliminary, it was to be pulled down. All the old customs, usages. common and sta- tute law, were to be eet aside. Property was to be equally divided. The laws as to marriage were to be enmulled. Everybody was to enjoy the tazgest liberty in every possible way. The Woman's rights movement came partly from the socialists and partly fom (he abolitionists, ff | pub | The Bee upon one TS were al to be found on the other. The free lovers ap- red neat, but they came a little too soon, debut few converts, It is upon the of all these organizations thut the re- m party has been built up. At one time ov snother its leaders, and the Thrilune phi- | tosophers especially, have had a foot in every camp. When Fourierism looked well, they were Fourierites; they have assumed the Garrisonian platform when it suited thelr purpose; they have been in favor of the woman’s rights movement until it lost its novelty, and they coquetted with the free lovers until the storm of popular disgust compelled them to take a different course. The same theory—freedom of human action— underlies all these movements. It is freedom for one man to appropriate the property of another; freedom for the slave to change his master; freedom for the child to refuse acknowledgment of parental authority; free- dom for the wife to break her marriage vows whenever she electa to @o e0; freedom, in fact and in act, from all moral restraint. We have seen this doctrine, so far as the slaves ave concerned, practically put into operation by John Brown, a canonized republican martyr, and the exponent of the real principles of the party. Mrs. Gurney is the John Brown of the woman’s rights and free love section of the re- publican party. The Tribune, which mourned for Brown at first, and then denounced him as a maniac, pursues a similar course with regard to Mrs. Gurney—printing her letter, and attack- ing its author in an elaborate leading article. This course of proceeding will not deceive anybody; and the party which the Tribune has built upon the “isms” that it has successively defended and abandon- ed must be held responsible for the logical consequences of its theories. To carry these theories into practical effect is to subvert socie- ty altogether; because when we admit the doc- trine of entire freedom of action we must ne- cessarily deny the principle of paramount le- gal authority, which is the very corner stone upon which the edifice of modern ci- vilization-rests. Thus, if Lincoln is elected, he is to be considered as the chosen exponent of the idea that if any or all of the four millions of negroes held, according to ancient usage and modern local law, to service in the Southern States, become dissatisfied with their masters, they may of right take any means to put an end to the existing order of things in that section of the country. This moat dangerous doctrine once admitted, there are no bounds by which it may be limited. All human autho- rity may be defied, and men and women may give free and unrestricted rein to their unlaw- ful desires. Liberty then becomes another name for license, and freedom means anarchy, civil war and excess of all sorts. We have in the history of the first French Revolution the most frightful example of the sufferings of a people who, having pulled down one govern- ment, found themselves utterly unable to con- struct another. The Jacobine of that day dis- covered in the person of a courtezan the fittest representative of the Goddess of Liberty, according to their notions of that divinity, and the Jacobins of the present day— the supporters of Lincoln—will undoubtedly pay similar homage at the shrine‘of Mary Gur- ney. That the anti-slavery party is morally re- sponsible for all these pesiiferous doctrines there can be no doubt. They are all the more dangerous because of their indirect and insidi- ous introduction into the politics of the day. A very large proportion of the Lincoln party is made up of men without fixed principles upon any subject— men who believe in nothing what- ever—men without any moral responsibility— men who are continually seeking for a change in the government, hoping that they may profit by it. They are disunionists. They are in fa- vor of forcing the South into a hostile attitude, by bringing the whole power of the general government to bear against the “peculiar insti- tution.” They accept Lincoln with the understanding that he is to use every means to crush out sla- very. When the government goes to pieces, they will take advantage of the anarchy that will inevitably ensue to carry out practically the remainder of their ideas, and to undermine the social as well as the political fabric. The result is one which we dare not contemplate, without raising a warning voice to those mis- guided persons who have been enticed into the Lincoln party under false pretences as to its ultimate objects. And we would put the issue distinctly before the people of New England, where this moral poison was first distilled, and ask them if they are prepared to set aside all the barriers which hedge about manly honor and feminine chastity, and which have given to the descendants of the Puritans their world-wide reputation as well-conducted, law-abiding, self-governing citizens of a model republic. We charge them to consider whither such leaders and teachers as the philosophers of the John Brown and Mary Gurney school will lead them, and we give them fair warning that the election of Lin- coin will be the entering wedge—the first step towards the downfall of the government, and the inauguration of the American Reign of Terror. And that is the moral which is to be drawn from Mrs. Gurney's letter—by far the most important campaign document that has been issued from the Trilnme office, and a most appropriate pendant to “Helper’s Impending Crisis.” Let the conservative men of the North. ern and Middle States ponder well upon these things, and combine together for the defeat of Lincoln; that is the only panacea at present for the diseases which threaten our boay politic. Revoucttos ms Oceas “Navieattox—Acriv itr or tur Sarrring Trape.—The accounts which we published yesterday and the day before of the work now in progress at our different ship yards show an unusual activity in the ship building business just now, after a somewhat dall season, The increase of ship building, as we know by experience. is but the herald of improvement in all kinds of trade. The aban- dance of our crops, for which the comparative dearth in Europe will create a large demand, has undoubtedly stimulated the shipping trade. as it will by and by help to increase every branch of business throughout the country. There is a notable feature in the reports from our shipyards, and that is. the prevalence of steam as a motive power over that of can- vass and the winds in the vessels at present be ing constrneted. Out of twenty-two vessels of various rig and tonnage, described by ont re- porters as on the stocks, only three are sailing veasela—a Lark, a brig and o packet ship; all the rest are cither propellers or paddle wheel steamers, “This circumstanee proves how ra- pidly the revolution from canvass to steam is progressing, and indicates that. before very long sailing vessels will be superseded by steamers altogether, especially for the coasting trade. It is remarkable, too, how many of the steam veesels now on the stocks are designed for coasting traffic, particularly to and from our Southern ports—a brauch of the merchant merine service which appears to be extending considerably. There is, first, a side wheel steamer for the Charleston line, another for the Savaanah line, a propeller for the New York and Wilmington, N.C., trade, and aside wheel steamer to run from Cedar Keys, Florida, to New Orleans. Then for the trade with foreign porta on this continent there are now in construction a new steamer for the Havana trade, another to run from Portland to St. John, N. B.; an Ericsson engine propeller to run from Mexico to Cuba, three ferry boats to ply in the harbor of Rio Janeiro, and a steamer to be used as a tug by the Spanish government in the harbor of Ha- yana. In addition to these there are also on the stocks two paddle wheel steamers intended to run between different points on the rivers of China. Everywhere along the shores of the East river, at both sides, the shipyards are in full work, and, as we have seen, among the ves- sels in course of construction, those propelled by steam have a large preponderance. Secesston or THE Corton Srarus.—In another part of this day’s paper we publish two letters from men of distinction in the South, stating their conviction that in the event of the election of the republican candidate to the Presidency next November, the cotton States will secede from the Union. One of these gentlemen—Mr. Burwell, of whom Gov. Foote says in his introductory note to us that he is “one of the most respectable and influen- tial citizens to be found in any part of the South”—* deprecates most sincerely such rash action on the part of the South,” because he “does not conceive it is warranted by the emesgency,” yet cannot get rid of the convic tion that this calamity is about to happen inthe contingency indicated. If this be really so—if we are within three months of £ revolution of this enormous magnitude—it is strange that we are all taking the matter so quietly. We are sleeping, as it were, on gunpowder, with the lighted slow match applied to the train; and in the short space of a quarter of a year, which in the life of a nation is butas an instant, we may be all blown up—blown up to a certainty—un- less we are roused from our lethargy and the match removed by our self-sacrificing hero. That Lincoln will be elected every sign of the times forebodes; so that the con- ditions on which Mr. Burwell, Mr. Boyce and others predicate the explosion will, in all human probability, take place. As we have lately seen, ex-Speaker Orr assumes it “as a foregone conclusion;” and the convic- tion every day gains ground that it is inevita- ble unless by the intervention of some unfore- seen political miracle. There is, indeed, a pos- sibility of something yet being done which would effectually prevent the election of Lin- coln; but it is only possible, not probable. We ought then to be prepared for the worst, and not permit the revolution to take us by surprise. But if the apprehensions of Mr. Burwell and others who have spoken out be well founded, why do not more of the Southern statesmen come forward and give the alarm? It is not enough that Keitt and Foote, and Burwell and Boyce, and Orr, should issue their manifestos. To produce any effect it will be necessary that Hammond and Letcher, and Wise and the other Governors and ex-Governors of the South--| ern States should pronounce. Let all the able and distinguished Southern statesmen sound loud the trumpet of warning. We do not refer to such noisy fellows as Pryor—who sends challenges, but does not fight—Forsyth of Mo. bile, or Yeadon of South Carolina, but to the men of pithand influence and sense, who know the public sentiment of their respective States, and will honestly declare it, if they speak at all. Let not the conservative men of the North, who have always stood by the South, be taken un- awares—men who have an equal stake in the country with those at the other side of Mason and Dixon’s line. Let them know their danger in time, that they may make adequate exertions to avert it. If this sentiment, therefore, exists at the South to the extent alleged, we call on every statesman in the cotton States, and every influential political leader in the border States, to declare as honest men the truth and the whole truth, before it is too late. There is not a moment to be lost. A great responsibility de- volves upon them. Unless they come out, the peo- ple here will think that the voices of four or five men do not reflect the sentiment of the South, and that such letters as we publish to-day, and have hitherto published, are but a repetition of the old cry of “ Wolf! wolf!” If the wolf be really coming at last, we want to know it. Wuat ts To Becomr‘or tHe Gaeat Easters?— The Great Eastern left the Chesapeake on Satur- day morning, after her Southern trip, and ar- tived here at six o'clock yesterday after- noon, She passed Long Branch at eleven o'clock in the morning. The monster ship, although she has been doing a handsome busi- ness here in the spectacular line, will hard- ly pay interest on her capital stock as an object of exhibition; and bow she is to be made to pay in her legitimate trade is a problem. She comes and goes now on her pleasure coasting service without exciting any extraordiuary in- terest. People gaze at her vast proportions as she steams up and down the bay, just as boys do at the great elephant in some menage- tie procession parading the streets; but there is adeeper interest felt as to her future bj the thinking portion of the community, and espe- cially by shipowners and merchants. What is to become of her when her exbibitioa season is over, and she returns to England! Thut is the For example, there fs a demand for ships in this country just now, owlag to ‘the abundant harvest which has blessed the land. Suppose that the Great Eastern were to take bome a full cargo of breadstuff to Liverpool, or of cotton, the influx of such an immense supply of either, all at once, would depress the mcket conside- tably. Or euppose she was to come out to this port full of dry goods, and food our market with some nineteen thousand tons thereof, what a tumble down there would be in every article in the trade. Or should she laod an aray o ten thousand emigrants at Castle Garden, all iv a heap, what would we do withthin’ Toor would have to camp ont in the streets. pron the Battery, for the emigrant depot would not hold & quarter of them. Should she continue to trade between this» country and England in any line, it would work a muterial change in our shipping trade and in every branch of commerce; but inas- much as she would not pay expenses in this service, we hardly think that ehe will try it. There was some talk of ronning her to Port- land, Me., and the Portlanders were sadly ex- ercised because she did not make her first voy- age to that port. But what in the name of Malthus and Cotton Mather would she do there? Why, in two trips to Europe, if her passenger lists were full, the would take away the whole population of that enterprising city, leaving its streets as deserted as Pompeii, and in six months she would denude the entire State of Maine of all its products and manufactures. We are very much afraid that the Great Eastern, like the Erie Railroad, will have to go into bankruptcy. She cost originally four mil- Hons and a half of dollars, and she stands the present owners somewhere in about two mi!- lions and a half; but it is very likely after all that she will go into the hands of the holders of preferred stock, which amounts to half a million; and then to each of the owners she will be like an elephant in a gentleman’s coun- try garden. They have bought an elephant apiece, but they don’t know what to do with it, or where to put it. If any one short of an Astor or a Vanderbilt were to be made a pre sent of her to morrow, he would be flat broke in a twelvemonth. I pity—but it is so. lovemENT.—The democratic Prorosep Untoy party is smashed, and its fragments are scat- tered. It can no longer reeist the revolutionary current of black republicanism. What, then, is the duty of the conservative elements of the democracy? It is incumbent on them, as they would save the country from the consequences of the advent to power of the republican party, to come together and consider what they ought to do in the emergency. If the democratic party, split into two fac- tions, which are as hostile to each other as they are to republicanism igself—as hostile as ever the cavaliers were to the roundheads, or the house of York to the house of Lancaster—if, thus divided imto two hostile camps, the demo- cracy can do nothing against the common foe, and if there is no probability of reconciflation before the election, then the best thing that can be done is to ascertain whether there is aay other conservative party in the country which, with their aid, would be strong enough to stem the torrent of revolution. From the indications furnished by the elec- tions in the South, the Union party, represented by Bel] and Everett, is the strongest, and is just the conservative nucleus around which the divided forces of the democracy could rally without compromise or humiliation on either side. The Union party cannot win by itself, with two other conservative tickets in the field; and neither ofthe two wings of the democracy can be successfiil for the same reason. The only alternative left is that they both come to the assistance of the Union ticket, and heip to defeat black republicanism. These two fac- tions cannot fairly ask the Union men to unite with them, for they are not united themselves; and it would be useless for the Unionists to join either of them. Indeed, it would be im- possible for them to agree as to which of the two democratic camps they would flock to in the different States. But the Union party areaunit. They seek the same object as the democracy—the defeat of republicanism—and they have no quarrel with either section of it. Why, then, shouid not both sections of democrats marsha! themselves under the staad- ard of the Union men for this election, to avert the pressing danger and prevent the ascendency , of a desperate faction, who have proclaimed a sectional war against the institutions of the South, whose result can only be the dismember- ment of the federal republic? Itis clear that with three conservative tickets in the field. all divided from each other, and acting against each other as much as egainst the enemy, the republi- can party must triumph beyond all doubt. A house divided against itself cannot stand. The great mass of the conservative elements of the North are anxiously looking for some way in which they can resist the onward march of republicanism. The only practicable way is that which we have pointed out. Of two evils the democracy ought to choose the lesser. It is lesser evil to elect Bell than Lincoln; and as the matter now stands one or other must be elected. Let the democ- _ racy, unable to elect a candidate of their own, Actermine which of the two men they will sen? to the White House, and which of the two parties would be the safer to be entrusted with power. It seems to ws that this question ought to be very easily decided. Let a great meeting be called at once in this city to settle the ques- tion, and let similar meetings be held in the other cities and throughout the country. It is not yet too late, There are still three months to the election. Much can be done in that time. If the union movement that we recom- meud be adopted—and it is the only practical one, the only one that can be successful—there would soon be euch a burst of enthusiasm and such a P nad * vie bowing as would eweep revolu! repub! party out of existence. 4 Tee Late Case or Mat-Practice—Lrorsta- tive Interverence Requinwo.—We have, on previous occasions, frequently urged the neces- sity of some laws to regulate the practice of medicine and the compounding of drugs, as a security against the mal-practice of uneducated physicians and the ignorance of druggists aad apothecaries. From time to time it becomes our duty to record some fatal calamity arising from these two causes, under circumstances which or municipal law restraining incompeteut per- sons from prescribing or compounding medi- cines. Under the present system any cae who chooses can call himself a doctor, hang out his sign, and trifle with the lives of the nasuspect- Ing, the credulous and the ignorant, while it is notorious that druggists sell poisons to. any one for a few pennies. A painful illustration of the evil of this loose system has been furnished within a few days, in the case of a child of Mr. Poster, re- eiding in Fact Eleventh strect, where a petsoa recognized as a regular physician, but who, it is understood, never graduated a6 such, or had no diploma, prescribed two grains of opium for an infant only three or four days old, with fatal consequences, as might be expected. , Althongh only one-eighth of the dose was ad- ministered, owing to the circumspection of the father and the remarks of the drug clerk, who not exist if we bad any st ‘ntory .