The New York Herald Newspaper, March 31, 1860, Page 3

i y init athe Per People that due regard jwitverland ; and iastly, that there consultation of the three Powers. ace that ibe government of rAnCe government Sardinia would never cede or exchange the interests ofS BA rma same a deliberate assu: bree sl E rH Tt stated that the by & vote of She meniloaities, not b; @ two contracting parties wards communicate to the Eui and ibe motives of this territor: g Bs 5 iH fi E : i E 2 4 rland, it was thie arrangement “all the of Chablais and wies Minister i hear.) He was sur ber of the Must admit that there was ni Ey & i : i i 5 é H i at &: a s § i i i é Hs H i ¢ to this country, and which were not authen- to be so by subsequent despatches. Maveenvry said that no one on that side House with any experience of wish to extract any which would be mischievous to & a i i i g a 4 blic affairs could (Hear, boar.) His noble friend, of immense importance, asked the no- = fair, ‘but he was rather hard on his noble friend when he tht to refuse to anewer the question, ad no right to put it. said be had the ie bis noble friend the nobie lord to Lord Bloomfield’s despatch of the 3d of d annexation of Savoy and France? I do not desire to read Lord Bloomfield’s t the attention ofthe House to the atti- bas taken in the present European cri- sis, ag indicated in that cC9@mMmunication. Baron Schleinitz, the Prime Minister of Prussia, stated to Lord Bloomfield that in all Germany there was but on» opinio1 gharacter of this intended annexation; that for a time bis had trusted the statement made by the but that he now saw Th ing that ths baron had declared the Vectledly opposed to this annezation, that France must now be called om until a feremce conteas Tread that despatch , and I may be permitted to say that tention on the part of Prussia to tako a identical with that which I ven- March, respecting the pro; State for Foreign ‘ware that ita production and publication jeep importance. That despatch is of pepers contained in delivered to this House date ‘as the %th inet., but they do not imcinde'the answer which the noble lord must have given to lespatch in question. i have, therefore, to ask whether it will be convenient for the noble lord to lay that answer on the table of the House; and I trust when we see it we shall de able to say that it was a reply worthy in every h this overture on the part of (Hear, hear.) I have not given notice of an intention to ask the noble lord for any gene- formation with respect to this pending question of anpexation of Savoy and Nice, because I felt sure from any member of Parliament he any information which he might be able this House would be received with grateful satis- last the noble lord at the head of way of the Frvesa bas been NEW YORK HERALD, SATURDAY, fa these despatches agen we eevee SS. Caras Memes te bear) fectly read: pau een all kinds of moby (cheers )—s1 a8 were employed in the thie of the fret be hegre revolution to excite ‘he cent, primitive people, as (cheera)—who really do. bot understand a and art—and to lead them to believe that if they annex them- selves to France no danger will result, but otherwise the ‘most serious consequences will ensue. (flear.) The des- pe to which my honorable friend has called attention one of the greatest importance. He did not read any passage from it, bat, if the House will allow me, I will just touch one expression, because it shows that the Cabinet of Prussia attitude 3 are destrous Bloomield Saye in his denpaiohy “Baron Schlents appears to have stated to the French Minister that in there was but one opinion of determined opposition to the project of the annexation of Savoy, seems also to have observed to the Franch Minister that during the war the present Prussian government had been the means of restraining the violent fecling whioh had been excited in Germany during the Italian war, and by 20 had made themselves vary unpopular; but that it must not be considered now regard to the ques: tion of Savoy, that if they remained sient at the pre- sent moment their silence meant indifference. for they should view that absorption with the greatest distrust.” (Hear.) The noble viscount at the bead of the govern- ment told us the otber night that the war in Italy was part of the Emperor’s policy for freeing that country, ut it appears from this extract that the opinion in not favorable. But if Germany Shaper was Prussia we absorption with dis. trust, surely this country is ‘cathied’ “to view and not only this country, Dutevery country, is Bound to give a frm and determined for an- (Hear, bear.) on the fron. on fron. particular, the Journal de Mans—which ad- yooate openly the annexation of Belgium to France, which tell the people that if they could do away with the douanters, great facilities for trade and commercial advantages would follow. This is an underhand, ungene- , in which every Power in Europe is en 4 and which they ought to endeayor to cur! (Hear,) The noble viscount the other night paid a very lag compliment to M. de Ca. vour~and he is a man whom J believe almost everybody — es bea eee Statesman and generous . on reading despatch, no one who has watched his conduct can deny that his wish has been not Guy Srcoetdigalned. pore which b quia unwortny of a mocl iy WI a un’ the influence he might have exercised at this moment. (Hear, hear.) His ex; ‘are really very curious. As everybody krows, be has dieclaimed any engagement or any disposition to part with Sayoy. In his despatch to Chevalier Nigra, his Minister at , he says, “the government of his Majesty would never consent, even with a view to the greatest advantages, to cede or 6x- change any portion of the territory which has formed for ee a ae ee See ee bane ie Savoy.” words indeed, and if be had acted up to them he would have had all Europe with him—(hear)— but then he goes on to say, “the King’s government can- not refrain from taking into consideration the chasges which the events that bave taken place in Italy have caused with respect to the people of Savoy and Nice.”’ The same thing he said to Sir James Hudson. ‘Count Cavour came to me,”’ writes Sir James Hudson, “and repeated to me what be had stated before, that Sardinia was under no engagement to cede, sell, or exchange Savoy, or any other part of the King’s dominions,”’ Count Cavour ends with this remarkable expregsion, ‘‘The question is one for Savoy, not for the rest of the kingdom,” he had not long Pern Ricca oe ero eee lorious ‘appani fom. lear nota Sardinia question—it is ee synthe “qeton iti s European question. (Hear, hear. © question is not now whether Savoy fan be with the French dominions; it is not whether the King of Piedmont can yield up the appanage of the house of Savoy—the inheri- tance of his ancestors, which has been consecrated by 8 many A cog eye of honorable exploite— but it is after the King of Sardinia has enjoyed ever since 1816 all the advantages which the red on him—and it ing on the disposition of Italy. (Hear, hear.) J say such a policy is unworthy of the ment Re tuomo, (Hear, hear.) voy,”’ said the honor- able member for the other evening. It has perished. I hope the eee ia satisfied. (Cheers.) We shall have “ Switzerland” next, and “ Périgh all the liberty of Europe.” (Cheers.) The honorable member laid it down , after all, the map of Europe, as regarded the limitation of the States of Europe, was not worth a moment’s consideration; and he turned round to me and my honorable friend here, and asked us, ‘Is what you want to settic the map of Europe?” My ausver is, that we don’t want to settle the e. of —— but we don’t want to unsettle it. (Hear, hear.) We ‘don’t want to recommend the go- vernment to pursue a course of this country, bul we to the of France uhich i : i i i I want her Majesty's government to protest “Jorgard Wer ces a conauc Piome: (Hear, hear.) ‘That protest will ring far beyond the waus of Bouse. i Wh tron, eg cna Mae Bea you whole akg and you may perhay save mitions treasure and thousands of lives ty ean against the conduct of France. I protest against t here, and I appeal to Europe in vindication of a system which the honorable member for Birmingham bas mn ed, but which bas worked well for very nearly half a cen- tury. I denounce that policy in the face of this house, and I warn you that this union of Savoy with France not only affects future interests of Savoy and Switzerland, but tt ts the first slep, the first act of conspiracy against the liler- State. (Cheers, ties of Euripean ki 5 Lord J, Roseais—! ewcenle friend the member for Briogewater has asked for the luction of the auswer to the despatch from Lord Bloomfield of the 34 of March, with reapect to Savoy. That despatch contained an account by Lord Bloomfield of a conversation between Baron Schleinitz, the Minister of Foreign Affairs of Prus- sia, and the French Minister; and, therefore, as contain. ing no representation to the British government, did not cail for an answer from me, We have, however, been in continual intercourse with the government of Prussia, and I have more than once had conversations with Count Bervetof!, the Prussian Minister im this country; and Iam able to state that the government of Prussia and ourtelves ere entirely agreed on the view which we take of id ame fe Savoy. (Hear, hear.) I do not ‘that I could in have said, or that !t was need- Tul t0 say, more than I said both in July of last year and in Jan ofthe present. (Hear, hear.) We have, as is shown by the papers, expressed at Berlin and Vienna and at St. Petersburg our objections to tho annexation of Savoy, leaving them to take what part they should think Tight upon this question of European interest. I cannot say that Ibave heard from Vienns any satisfactory ac count as to any steps that the goverament of Austria will take upon thie subject. There are reasons which mem bers of this House will easily imagine why Austria should not ve particularly zealous in a matter of this kind, when the dominions of the King of Sardinia are aflected, she having berself both in Lombardy and Tuscany lost dominions belonging either to herself or to members of the royal family. It is & month since | communicated with Vienna, and a week afterwards | made similar com- munications to St. Petersburg, and it certainly is a disep- pointment to her Majesty’s government that, considering ‘that 80 long a time has elapsed, and that annexation has, aa it were, been impending during all this time, we: have stramce against the annesation t iniendat ‘ governments. The language of Count Cavour has been, I think, a deal of the character described by my hon- orable md the member for Tamworth, because, while he continues to say,a8 he said sometime ago, that the King of Sardigya would not cede, or sell, or exchange Savoy, he goes on in the istter part of his despatch to say that if the people of Savoy are disposed to belong to another empire, and be under another sovereign, how- ever the King of Sardinia might regret it, he should have no objection to their obtaining their wish. Now, I certainly conceive that that is a very extraordinary and a@ very Nearer meget n gt We know very well that thete bave ly been and are countries which have felt themselves so oppressed by their yvernments, or have had such different views of policy ‘om those entertained by other governments, that they have wished to sever their connection with their sove- reigns; but we have never heard that of Seyoy, nor. that Tam aware of, bas thore til] lately been any indication that the people of Savoy wished to sever their connection with or abjure their allegiance to the house of Savoy It in, therefore, a singular, I shonid say an unprecedented thing, for a sovereign to say, ‘These subjects of mine are much attached to me: T value them very much. At the fame time, if they wish to dissolve thelr allegiance aud be Jong to some other country, 1 can bave no objection to doing s0.’’ It looks as if the King of Sardinia wax ‘NOt very unwilling to sever the connection. Now, sir, I must say that our position must be a good deal in fluenced by these different things. If the great Powers of Europe whieh were to be consulted, tf dustris and Russia no interest in this question ; of Europe. But, ae pave Sonera reisceece.c tree tee at y 1g the whole despatch together, statement that it i a necessity for France and for ber hardly be juslsed in saying that the Powers s€ Europe just say wers are to be consulted, and that by their verdict the French government mean to abide. (Hear, hear.) I have not yet laid this despateh before my colleagues. 1 am telling the House at once all I know upon this subject. The Cabinet will, no doubt, consider gravely and maturely what snewer ahall be given? The whole of this d ‘i and especially that part of it which relates to the question of Faucigny and Chabjais, is one of sach gravity and im- portance that } wil! not say more about it at present than that it requires the most serious consideration. (Hear, hear.) As soon ag I am in & position to answer it, and her Majesty bas approved the answer, | ehall loge no time in nee, the di defore this House. (Hear, hear.) ¢ London News of the 17th eays that if the statement Feepecting the mode of ceding Savoy be correct, the event will be more serious in its ultimate and necessary conse quences than apy which has » ati since the Great Napoleon, Henoet n the most sanguine will be able to believe in the ance of Eu- rope has to reckon with a Power which tramples upon the most sacred righta, and which bas cast off respect for everything but material force. Sooner or later Europe will dod itself comapelied, in self-defence to confine this Power within the limits of law. The London uses the same language. The Loudon Post believes at the present time the ques- tion stands thus:—Sardinia ig about to cede Savoy and Nice by treaty to France. France will then consult the populations as to whether beet B choose annexation to France or a separate independency. If they select the latter, then Savoy wil] be conetituted an independent State; if the former, the result will be communicated to OTe a tree duro in the case of serious dira| ‘and opposition on the part of the European States, which, however, is not an- ticipated, then France would probably consent to the establishment of Savoy as an indepeudent State. What ie Positive is that France will never consent under any cir- or a ie be sans Cs what are called the French slopes ie Sardinia, en! ‘8 she will be to a Power inferior only to Prussia. sr The Papal Question. DESPATCH OF CARDINAL ANTONELLI TO M. THOUVE- NEL. The Nord publishes the chief portions of the yn or the, Papal Senet w the demain. of Parts ‘Thow je] respecting MALT. @ document (says the Nord) is too long to give én extenso, but we ees those passages wh: ¢ mown the resolutions of the Court of Rome and its secret hopes, Cardinal Antonelli commences fe Rees bt | the motives attributed Bas the cause of the rising in the a What proves, he says, that the noles were not dis- ‘satiafied is that the other provinces of the church did not revolt. Piecmont is at the bottom of it all. The Cardinal dwells at great length on this point. He also endeavors to throw blame on France for the campaign in Lombardy; ‘but pradence gets the better of his resentment, and, sud- denly coming to the real point In question, he declares that it ought to be well understood that ifthe Pope re- jects the counsels of his protector it is because he is com- pelled to do so by @ higher principle, and that, moreover, ‘that is not the exact point to be considered, but the pro- mises of assistance given last year, in the mouth of March, by the ambassadors of France and Austria, ‘The Cardinal then continued as follows:— But every one sees that thie bag nothing to do with the means dest calculated to restore the patrimony of the Church in all its integrity to the Hoty Father, according to the 8 made at that period. Relative to that supreme chien the past offera many reminiscences which may facilitate the means; the - Sent consists of a refusal of efficacious help. Diff are thrown in the way of apy one attempting it; detri- mental delays are occasioned; advice is given to submit to men who are by no means concilistorily inclined; re- forms are p! which the Holy Father has first to weigh before God, finally, advice is given to abdicate in part what capnot in any manner be done. If it wasettil possible some months back to entertain the iltuston of the possibility of pacifying the different States of aly by means of reforms and concessions, such an illu- sion can no longer be entertained, since those parties bave publicly declared, as inthe pretended memorandum of the government of Bologna, ‘8 one of the chief authors of tbe revolt bas done tn a recent pamphlet, that no reform can satisfy them except the full and absolute destruction of the tempora) power of the Church. Is it possible, with ons meitgctnad 0 conse: to an arrangement by means of reforms Despite all this, the Holy Father has not turned a deaf ear to the proposals of reform submitted to him by the French government. He even eagerly welcomed them; he only made one condition—that those reforms should Rot be contrary to his conscience and to the real welfare of his subjects. M. Thouvenel cannot be ignorant of the which took place at Rome vetween the Pontifical govern- ment and the French Ambassador, and he mast be aware of the result. The Imperial government was satistied with it, This is evident, first, from a declaration made by Count Walewski relative to the subject; then, in his despatch numbered 1,367, dated the 13th of October of last year: and finally by the eagerness shown afew months eince by the same government to behold the said reforms immediately wuigated. The reasons, however, which induced the Holy Father to postpone such a step until the insurgent provinoes had returned to order, cannot escape apy one. dle sien the dignity of ores ere elther ity of the sovereign pontit! nor suita- ble to achieve the object in view. On the one hand it would have appeared as if the concessions were made under pressare, and not voluntarily; on the other hand there was the danger that the reforms might bave been disaainfully received. In either case authority would othe French derswod the government un strength of this reasoning; consequently, the said Count Walewski, it made known voto us a that time that it ‘would cease to them, as new imperious might advise « course, & provision which bas not been realized. Moreover, the publication of re Romagna to obedience. In their pretended memorandum they stated what wanted. , if the Holy Father can consent that reforms may be spoken of, it is impossible for him to tisten to a partial abdication. Motives of a far different bearing than terres. trial interests forbid it. Now, nothing less a abdication is su; 4 in the letter forward Desenzano under date of the l4th of July of last year. The principal portion of that letter is given textually of the Minister of Foreign affairs; this seems to denote a renewal of the proposition, or, at least, to make St believed that if the revolt is not suppressed in the Romagna the cause is to be attributed to the refusal to adhere to that ition. Now, your Excellency will easily understand that a aeparate administration, with an elective counci), with no other dependence upon the sovereign Pontiff except the nomination by him of a lay governor and tho payment of a tribute, would be equiva- Jent to absolute abdication. There would remain, it is trne, @ certain suzerainty, but that now-a days means 1 i not endeavor to show, as I easily might do, the vain hope of expecting from such a combination a termi nation of troubie, a guarantee of tranquillity im the other Papal provincee—the seeds of 2 future of peace and tran- quillity. Jtis clear that it would be bead ‘the con- tary that would have to be feared. 1 sha!) atmply ob- serve that the Holy Father cannot consent to an abdica- ion of any sort whatever, and that he never can do so from the motives indicated in his encyclical letter of the 19th of January last. He cannot do so because his States are not his persona) property, but belong to the Church, for whoee advantage they were constituted; he cannot du 80 because by eolemn oaths he has promised to God to tranemit them to his successors intact, as he received them; he cannot do so, because, consider that the mo- uves for giving up the Romagna may be applicableor may fotlow in other portions of his States, euch renunciation would imply, in a certain degree, the renunciation of the whole patrimony of the Church; he cannot do so, be- cause, a8 common father of his twenty-one provinces, he must either procure for all the good he destines for the four provinces of the Romegna, or shield the latter from the evils which be should not like too see fall cpon the others; he cannot do a0, because it cannot be indifferent to him to behold the spiritual ruin of a million of his sub- who would be abandoned to the mercy of a party whieh would commence by laying snares for their and %y corrupting their morals: finally, he cannot do it deomuse of the ecandal that would ensue to the detriment of the Italian Princes de facto unthroned, and also to the detriment of all Christian Princes and of the whole of civilized society—a scandal which could not fail to arise when the felony of afaction is seen crowned with success, Pius VI., baying in vain attempted to defend himself against the arms of s powerfal enemy, was compelled to give in to irresistible violence, and, not to see the re: mainder of his territory invaded by French troops, to re: sign himeelf to the sbandonment of « portion of bis States by the treaty of Tolentino. Bat, if the different circumstances are considered, i; will easily be seen that the same motive which in duced that Pope to cede obliges the reigning Pon- tiff to reply by an absolute refusal. Pius V1, under cir. cumstances totally different from the present, fowad bim- self opposed to an invincible violeace and material force; Pius 1X., on the contrary, is struggling with a principle which an attempt !t made toenforce. Now, material force igsimply @ fact—from its very nature it is ‘limited, and ie oply felt within the circle of its action, beyond which it cannot go. But itis far diferent as regards principles. From their nature they are universal; they are inexbaus:!- ble; they are not limited within a fixed circle of action, Dut'are applicable to all things. Thus, Pius VI. by ceding to material force might reasonably hops to save the rest of his States, while the reigning sovereign Pontitf, ceding toa pretenced gy eo would virtually abdicate the sovereignty of a)} his States, and would authorize a spoiis- tion against every principie of jastics and of reason. ‘Thus it will be seen that the example quoted in the circular wet ag wa conclusion the very opposite to the one aimed at Thos, if hitherto po efficacious remedy has been found to put an end to the revolt in the Romagna, the fault must be ateributed to others rather than to the Holy Father, who cannot get any aid whatsoever to suppress it—who showed himself quite willing tocondescend ® the proposal of.reforms, only asking to wait for the proper time to in- trocuce them, and whe, on the proponal of « partial abdi- cation, could only reply by ar |, Without the example of a Pontiff who ceded to violence and to the consequences of war suggesting to him any otber line of conduct. ‘The reasons given ahove to demonstrate the ‘mposei- bility im which tne Holy Father finds bimself of abdicating & portion of his States show at the same time how un- foundea are the astonishment pretended and the com- plaints made that in his encyclical letter he brought before ‘the Catholic world as a religious matter a question which elon; ment of France, without any being meddle with {t. Should the Holy Father be willing to agree to such an overture, it appears to M. Thovvenel thatthe negotiations might be resumed: and, although it js rather late, he, nevertheless, does not see any ‘nvinci- Die obstacle to such an arrangement. After stating that by the separation of the i and qty bi J might be oree nn an ‘Upon, eo privileges of Catholics would jeopardized im the actual order of things established by Providence, fpeomuch as their chief, without being wibdject to apy hu men power, enjoys abrolute independence im the exercise ‘bie Apostolic ministry, and that the encyclical letter no other ebject, the Cardina) concludes 22 folks wa: — $e} MARCH 31, 1860—TRIPLE SHEET.’ do not wish to conctnde this deapatch without propos- 3 to iv ® dast consideracion touching the impossibility which it is said exiats of the being restored to the legitimate rule of the Holy Father without foreign in- tervention, or to keep them without renewed occupation; things which are declared to be impossible, insurmountable, But, if it is true, and it is impoasible to doubs it, that the revolt of the four Jegations was made and is maintained Bulp, and to hope ip, ant Opes of greater axsistance, 1 do not see why a rebellion made by iniquitous foreign aid should not also be suppressed by degitianie foreign aid. Again, can it be said that aid given by Catholic nations to their com. mon father, and in the interests of the whole Christian universe, can be styled foreign assistance? Finally, if, on the one hand, the Holy Father is willing to enter into new ne; on the basis indicated, on the other hand ho js firmly resolved (as he has publicly | to with | stated, and intends to declare again) . God’s aid, whose vicar he ison earth, the rights of the weariness of the Catholic Church, whateyer may be the attacks of his adversaries, and whatever may be ths op. position which may de unhappily brought againgt him uu- der the pretent ntable conjunctures. Roms, Feb. 29, 1860, G. Cardinal ANTONELLI. The Great Revolution in Italy. ‘From the London Chronicle, March 16. Th ig not easy to exaggerate the im; of the vote by which Centra) Italy unites her stinies to Sardinia, Our sympathies are teo deep to admit time for considera- tion. Never has thero been a more splendid exhibition of @ united wil] on the partof a people. Never has there been displayed s more uneeltigh patriotism or more man- ly determination. Undismayed by the threatened combina- of Austria, Rome and Naples, lialy has spoken. She by ip the irrevocable word. She has pronounced it ly, fearlessly, and with such @ unanimity, she leaves Bu- Tope no allermalive but to accept it. There is no louger room for deception. No art of rhetoric can insinu- mea doubt as to the unbiased wishes of the peo- ple, Despotiam is shorn of that last ich heretofore she has found so sorvicable. "ap has returned the same answer. pealed to three times, | She declared her wili when she rose in revolution; aho again declared it through her constituted institutions; and now she verifies it by the unim Ne test of an univer- eal suffrage. It is impossible for Euro, cisions 80 solemn and s0 unanimous. these people are to be forced to have a ruler obnoxious to them, we must commence to unleara all the doctrines which it was the Doast of our civilization to have taught. Our new maxim wust be, not kings for les but Sor kings. The thrones of Europe which owe their support to tree elec- tions can hardly countenance a doctrine so subversive of their authority. France, England and Belgium owe it to their own dignity amd honor at once to accept the annox- ation ag 8. accomplé which they are bound in princi- ple to It is possible that another solution recognise. might haye been fraught with less immediate peril of ee ee Under such circumstances it was no wonder that the friends of Italy should have counselled her to caution, But Staly has undertaken the responsi- bility with the full knowledge of its magnitude. As free men ourselves, we admire her courage and reg her decision. Sooner or later, a great Italian kingdom must bave been formed. The vote of Central Italy has only anticipated to-day what another half centary would infalliby have effected in a slower method. Noman, With the map of the Peninsula in bis hand, and the least knowledge of the political relations of furope, could imagine the anomalous ‘celling out which he saw before him could be any other than temporary. How could Austria hope to maintain forever in servitude an enlightened people, alien to her in race, in tradition and in language? It must have erminated soon; it is, perhaps, as well that it bas terminated to day. A lederation of small States offers greater guarantees for peace than the constitution of @ great ie Power; and therefore, had Italy approved, we should have joy- fully heiied a federation. But Italy has unanimously re- jected a federation. Fully recognizing the right of a peo- ple to decide upon the form of their own government, we ‘think it no longer open to us to discuss that question. The attitude which Europe will sesame upon the new position of facts is all that we have now to consider, Will she permit Austria to overrule, with the ultina ratio of kings this ultima ratio of peoples—this solemn and legiti- mare declaration of & race whom the excess of - ment bas not betrayed into the smallest violation of order? We have great respect for constituted rights, but those of princes and of kinge are ot entitied to any especial poriy 9 The right of a people to self govern- ment, the right of a people to good arariseamiataten pre- cedence of all other constituted rights. Tne Pope and the Dukes can only claim our attention when these have been admitted and acknowledged. Austria is weloome to pro- test aa much ag she pleases, but she is not entitled to out- rage all the principles upon which [goverment is founded by forcing a hateful dynasty upon the Italians. How much miggovernment has alienated the hearts of a loyal peopie is evidenced by the significant fact that acarcely a ‘voice is raised on behalf of the fallen Princes. Could they have even mustered a respectable minority, they — bave prevailed. But the proportion of to 200, would be ludicrous if it wae pot ins‘ructive. yc, el Jon is free, and it proves that sor opinion bas reduced these 244 to brave the bter and the odium of their fellow citizens. As yet we do not know the whole results, but the mm will be found to be as we have stated. If the Holy See is capable of profit by @ lesson, it has received one tilled with mat- ter for deepest reflection. Notwithstanding the thunders the Vatican, the are found and mar- thaiting the people Pin the deo Uerty ar éndcpendence In the commencement of this struggle wo this result, One step more, and there is another Western schism. The Church of Rome re: no half obedi- ence. It must be unlimited, or it is nothing. The b of the w clergy are already at issue with her: wil she make it interest to dissever entirely their con- nection? Ce n'est que le premier pas qui cotide—and that first atep is taken. dinin 06 a fou dozmpli aot caly jusited in prinsile bal 88 3. 2 jed in principle but by necessity—-we must also be ‘ fully and frankly to the conditions which it renders necessary. In rising ‘# third rate to a first rate Powor, Sadinie must re guarantees for future non. upon her pare ‘must permit no peddling jealousy to obscure our judg- ment upon this point. We must regard the combination ‘asa whole, and either accept or reject itas such, Sar- dinia ought not to refuse any guarantees which, frankly given, leave @ hope that peace will be maintained. The Strength of Sardinia does not lie in forts or rivera. It lies in government. It lies in the loyalty and attachment of the people. We have oo desire to invest her with a — which would make her the arbitrees of Europe. 'e have no desire to see France at the mercy of a combi- nation which another balf century might make too proba- bie. We wish to see Sardinia great, free and independent; and we wish to see that freedom and independence ac- companied by the blessings of peace, not only now, but when she shali have consolidated her strength intoa great Northern Italian empire. Great Britain. In the House of Commons, on the 14th March, a bill, haying for ite object the extension of the ecclesiastical liberty of clergymen of the Church of England to the ex- tent enjoyed by nonconformists was debated and reject- ea by @ vote of 168 to 131. In the House of Lords, on the 15th, Lord Taunton moved that their lordabipe agree witb the House of Com- ‘mons in an address to the Crown in approbation of the new commercial treaty with France. The merits of the treaty were debated at some length— Earls Grey, Malmesbury und Derby speaking in opposi- tion to it and denouncing it as a sop to enadie the govern- ment to conciliate the Manchester party. Lord Derby thought it would be unadvisable to come to a division upon the address, in view of the empty benches which the op- position side presented. The House, neverthelees, di- vided, and the reguit was—for the address, 63; against it, 38—majority for the government, 30, In the se of Commons on the same evening further progress was made in the rew customs duties. Among the resolutions agreed to waz that which imposes a duty ot one shilling per ton on foreign and colonial built ships, registered in England ag British ships, in lieu of the duties now payabic. In the House of Lorde, on the 16th, the state of Naples ‘was debated, and the Duke of Somerset said that protec- tion would be afforded to political refugees, who might seek for it,on board British men of war m the Bay of Naples, "Tae Duke of Newcastle, im reply to the Barl of Carnar- ‘von, said that within the last twenty four hoars a circular despatch from the French government, relative w the Savoy question bad been received, but be was not yet prepared to lay it before the House. In the House of Commons Mr. Haliburton asked if the attentiomef the government had been directed to the fact that the island of &t. Pierre, near Newfoundland, had been fortified by the French government? Lord J. Russell said that the case had been referred to the Jaw officers of the Crown, who were of opinion that the French government had not violated the stipulations of the treaty. A Lord John Russell made some explanetions in regard to the Chinese expedition. He admitted that !t was not de- sirable to proceed to Pek: it would be unwise to sa} that it should not be “« if their terms were re: . An indemnity would be demanded, and if not accepted ‘before the forces arrived, tt would be insisted upon. The forces would be of such a strength as to guard against failure. If found more convenient, provision would be made for the Ambassadors to reside at Shanghae, and to occasionally visit Pekin, although it was thought desirable that Pekin should be the piace of residence. Wrance and England were both actuated with the mozt moderate and pacitic intentiong, and he trusted these very reasonable de- mands would be acceded to. A general debate ensued, in which Mr. Bright and others strongly condemned the policy of Mr. Bruce. Pt would never have is E dignitics which the American Minister had met with He believed that the Emperor of Ching was prepared to give an apology for the Peiho affair. Tne London Times of the 26th in ite city article saya:— ‘The caution money of £20,000 on the concession for the North Atiantic Telegraph between Europe and the United States Jor 100 years, granted by the Danish government, is stated to have been remitted to-dey to the Danish Minister of Finance at Co; agen, by Messrs. Croskey & Go. The line will proceed from Scotiand and Denmark, via the Faroe Islands, Iceland, Greenland and |abrador to Canada and the United States; and its practicability is represented to have been recently demonstrated we a pereonal survey made by Colonel § , who en Wed- nesday last gave evidence upon the subject before the Committee of the House of Commons now Str Rowland Hill was suffering from indi The ship Great Tasmania, which bad ,- from Calcutta with over 1,000 men who retired from the Indian army on the transfer of the East India Com- 's service the British government, had a fearful amount of sickvees and mortality on board. It is chary that owing to bad and insofficient , and ‘want of accommodation, the ship became a per- There were at one time 400 or 600 |, Of whom sixty died st sea, anda large number were landed at Liverpool ins oying tate, A [ig inveatigation into the matter had been com- menced. It was rumored that late in the summer Queen Victoria wilt hold s grand bay seed of all the volunteers who can ‘pe brought together in Hyde Park. In addition so the vessels now in progress at Chatham, orders bad been issned that #ix line of battle and other ships be laid down as soon se vacancies occur in the oe ay aps oy Toe of the sit vesssis will be bor et and the pumber of paar, Su juential meeting of importers jemlers in foreign preduce had been beld in Londom, for ths tting. ition. of opposing some ef the proponitione cf the Chancellor of which owes its power to (oreign not to ratify de- | 3 et | ihe Hxeneqner: Resolutions were adopted condemning some of the proposed pew taxes and charges as likely to prove ipjurious to commerce cs ‘’ ‘The £100,060 preference capital, by the Great Ship Company, had all been applied for by the share. bolders, and the subscription list was closed. France. Michael Chevalier, the great boy og oly the Emperor ‘9 Senator of France. respondent of the London 1¥mes telegraphs that the Swiss Envoy at Paris had handed to M. Thouvenel & prolest ib AY measure of annexation of Savoy to France; and further, that the Swias government would ad- | Gress a note to the Powers who signed the treaties at the * The Pan doniieur announces that pam a submitted to tho Corps Legislatif a project for dev | forty millions of francs in foans to manufacturers for the renewal and improvement of their machinery; and another project concerning the modifications of the tariff for wools, cottons and raw materials, ‘The Moniteur contains a report by the Minister of War Proposing, as the ideas of war were receding, to reduce the effective strength of the battalions of the Chasseurs from cight to six companies, the force which enlisted be fore 1853. The report is followed by a decree approving of the ministerial proposition. ‘The French fleet bad been recailed from Algesiras. ‘The Paris correspondent of the London Times says that ‘ap autograph letter from the Emperor Napoleon, couched in an angry style, had reached King Victor Emanuel. The Empercr invites the King not to accept Tuscany in his own name, notwithstanding the recent test of universal suitrage. He may name a prince of his own house for Tuscany, Sey: aeons to the same re amecennes Se Ocoupying the Romagna, w! may be governed by a vicar acceptable to the Pope. hbinees id ‘The Swiss Federa! Counci? had addressed a note to Paris and Torin, protesting against the annexation of Chabalis and Faucigny to France, as the treaty of 1816 prohibits the cession of the neutralized districts of Savoy to any other Power than Switzerland. ‘The Courier des Alps announces thatthe Firstand Se. cond regiments of dragoons had received orders to leave Tyops for Amino 6 ‘The Paris Bourse had been firm and prices rather high- er, but rentes closed dull on the 16th at 68. Italy. ‘The total result of the voting in Tuscany on the ques tion of annexation to Piedmont was as follows:— otal number inscribed, 886,446, For annexution, 366,571; for a aeparate kingdom, 14,926; cancelled, 4,949. The returns from the Emilan provinces are also com plete. The numbers in favor of annexation to Piedmont are as follows:-—The Romagna, 202,659; Modena, 115,621; Parma, 88,511. The number of votes for a separate king dom had not been yet announced in these provinces. Later despatches say thatin the Romagna there were only 224 votes in favor of a separate kingdom. As the Sardinian government declarea in advance its acceptance of the result of the voting, a rumor was cur- rent that Piedmontege troops would forthwith enter Tas capy. Another rumor was that Prince Humbert, eldest son of the King of Sardinia, would be proposed for the crown of Tuecany, Naples. The London Times draws an editorial picture of the state of aflaire, and remasks that it would be a libel on humani ty to suppose that the Kivg’s government can remaip un- changed. Itthinks the day of retribution is probably at band, apd that another royal fugitive may soon give that warning to kings which has been £0 often repeated in our times. The fermentation continued very greatin Sicily. At bbws the prisons were overflowing with the persons arrested. The British and other foreign ministers are said to have Temonstrated with the King on the course be was pursu ing. Spain and Morocco. A Madrid despaccn states that on the 12th of March a Moorish messenger delivered a letter to Marshal 0’Don- nell from the Emperor of Morocco, professing bis desire for peace, and requesting the Marshal to facilitate an ar. rangment advantageous to both nations. ©’ Donnell con- sented to negotiate, but declared he would not suspend military operations. ‘An attack upon the Spanish encampments at Tetuan, on the 1ith, was repulsed, ana the Moore, who were pur- sued, suffered heavy losacs. India and China. Telegraphic communication between Alexandria and Kaurrachee was complete, and a private despatch had reached England from Calcutta in the space of six days. Had the cable between Alexandria and Gibraltar been complete, the news would not have been more than a day or two im reaching its destination. The despatch in question announces that the British sbip Red Gauntlet was ay burned at Caicutta on the 10th of March, but that cargo would be saved. A Calcutta despatch of Feb. 28 mentions a further rise of 10s. im freights at Calcutta, that the import markets were unchanged, and that it was proposed to increase the export duty on saltpetre from its present rate of about 98. per ton to £6 per ton. Telegraphic advices from China are to the 15th of Feb- ruary. At Shanghas the rate of exchange had receded, and ‘was 2.5 per cent more favorable for land. At Hong Kong exchange was unaltered. ‘The mails from Caicutta of February 8, and Shang- hae to January 22, reached Liverpool just in season for the American portion to be placed on board the Arabia. ‘The tea market at Shanghac was quict, and at Foo-Chow- Foo it was rather lower. From Japan it is reported that disastrous fires at Naga- aaki and Yokahama had destroyed 8 large amount of Furo- pean property, The Issue in the Presidential Election of Next November. {From the London Chronicle, March 16.) ‘The question at iasue in the Presidential olection of next November, the preparation for which now engrosacs the attention of American politicians, appears at the first blush more important any decided in the United States gince the adoption of the constitution. All the miaor controversies which might have furnished ‘‘platforms’’ for the , contending part have been absorbed in the great stroggle between the opponents and the supporters of ala , and the magnitude and nearness of the inter- ests involved bave imparted unwonted zea! and bitterness to a contest always extremely exciting. If we accept the manifestoes of men who profesa to speak in the name of their parties, the very continuance of the Union isinvolved in the result of the election. We are told that the ‘irro- pressible conflict” has begun, aud whilst the abolitionists of the North have been making a hero of John Brown, and thus | aanmorpey the lawfulness of a violent emancipation, the slaveowners of the South bave loudly declare’ their intention to secede from the Union if a republican Preai- dent be elected. And as it is upon these opposing mani- featations that the opinions of most Englishmen are formed, it bas come to be the settled belief of most persons in this country that a collimon between the foes and friends of slavery is inevitable, and that the federal Union will be violently diesolved some time next winter. There is not, however, the slighest chance of such a catastrophe, and no American seriously en- tertains the idea of it for one moment. The errors into which Englishmen fall in their judgments upon American politics arize fromm tbeir inability to ap. preciate the clectioneering character of the singular speeches which they are in the habit of accopting as party professions of faith. At home we never think of receiving @ hustings speech as a doclaratiop of policy which will be ‘aithfully adhered to. We allow for the license always taken upon such occasions, and pardon the most outrageous invectives ant the wildest allies as tho oducts of an exceptional excitement. Yet, with singu- fr inconsistency and unfairness, we insist upon regarding the electioneering effusions of our cousins on the other side of the Atisutic—which necessarily, as proceeding from » people tbrowing far more soul into politics than we do, are much more warmly colored than our own—as deliberate expositions of future policy, and then make whole nation responsible for the expressions of two or three men, whose real influence is inappreciable. If Mr. Roebuck virulently attacka the Emperor Napoleon, and in pretty plain terms intimates the desirability of em- parking in @ crueade against Franch, or if some excitable Trishman talks treason against Queen Victoria for a couple of hours, nobody assumes that, because the former is a map of some mark in the radica) ranks, the whole of that party is eager to enter into 8 war against France; or, be- cause his compatriots cheer the fervent apostrophes of the latter, that Ireland is really desirous to set up as a republic. Why, then, should we azsume that Mr. Lloyd Garrison, when he calls for no peace with slavery, really represents the opinione of the bulk of the New Englanders, or that Governor Wise, recommending no intercourse with the North, and war with England, speaks the real senti- ments of the South? ‘There may, indeed, be politicians in the United States reckless epough to look upon the of a dissolution of the Union with complacency ; but the immense mass of the people, to whatever party they may belong, are de. termined to maintain the federal bond unimpaired. They know that the Union has been the means, under Provi dence, of preserving peace within their own borders, of enforcing the respect of other nations, and of facilitating that enormous commercial and industrial developement which bas made them, if not the foremost nation of the earth, at least equal to any, and rendered that pre-omi- nence merely question of time. It is not to be sup- posed that # people so profoundly convinced of this truth will suffer the keystone of their greatness to be removed. In the preliminary flourishes of this great quadrennial contest, the vehement professional politician, who looks merely at heey ig 4 and personal success, takes, a8 a matter of course, the chief part. Men Jargely engaged in business, and averse to the turmoil of political strife, will leave the fleld to the noisy talkers un. 1] the time draws close at hand for ; and then the their weight into the scaic, y tain a party victory at the risk of putting an end to the national existence. If, indeed, the -euccess of the demo- cratic party be as much m matter of certainty as is now represented, al) fear, not of such an event as a diewotution ‘of the Union—for that benches, 80 the most vehement anti-slavery the North might fend to the White House would, upon his instalment there, subside into impartiality . ness. We find a remarkabje illastration of the real attachment reeoaeae raae ry 6 lential contest, 4 ing the Mr. telegray to be Seward aciveren tobe Senate the republican Sandicate for the = speech mui en as a profession in to win that party; yet his tone is strongly pro Unionist, posdden Vo etun-cccpeitae ef 1 sj slavery Tad arded by a full beds he. ow f Ce PD ete erapethy Brown's. is ir. Seward is Tt muat de added that this very cy free trader, bad been . represented a3 too extreme for his own warty, and their choice, tt is tnought, will all npoa some mors modera’ man. We are not yet in & porifion to diseuss Li Of individuals, or even of parties; but we Gan see pli hi enough that the peace and progress of the United State will not be epdangered by the iriumph of either, and we hold with vndiminisned contidence to ovr faith im ther mighty world enriebing foture, Spain sod Mexico. THR ENTENTE CORDIALE OF QUEEN ISABELLA AND GENERAL MIRAMON—~KECEPTION OF THE MEXICAN MINISTER BY THE QUEEN OF SPALN, Oa the evening of the Sth instant, her Majesty the Queen of Spain, fngge grag by the Malster of state and the nigh dignitaries the palace, gave @ privaie au- dience to General Don Juau Almonte, Envoy Exiraordi- nary and Minister Plenipotentiary from the repudiic of Mexico. On the presentation of his letters w her Majesty, Senor Almonte spoke as follows:— Mapam—The letter which I have the honor to present to im majesty, accredits mp as Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Pienjpotentiary from the Mexican senna a way Majesty's government. 1 oe ler myself very happy, Madam, to be the organ which the relations of friendship and which have formerly existed between Mexico and Spain are this day re-established; and, in compliance with the wishes of my government, my constant efforts shall al- ble ge be directed to deserve your Mejeaty’e confidence, and to draw nearer and nearer those relations which in = short time will produce most satisfactory results for the welfare and the more intimate union of both coum- tries. Permit me, your Majesty, to profit by this occa. sion to congratulate your Majesty in the mame of my go- vernmeut on the recent triumph of your arms in Tetuan, pea vee your Majesty that he renthand of fot y Lblic most sincerely wishes the ri Spanish nation and your Sidon s ena “y To which her Majesty was pleased to reply:— Mr. Misisrex—it is very pleasing to me to receive the letter which accredins you as Minister Plenipolentiary of the Mexican republic to my yovernment. lishment of the relations which unite Spain and {a a fortunate event which common interest ought w heave hastened, and it has been realized witheut une least de- Pression of those sentiments and rights of which both nations are 6o jealous, as children of the same origin, » J have no doubt that the ygoalites which adorn you, and the friendly disposition which you will find in my government, will make the discharge of your duties easy to you. The relations between the two nations will be every day more intimate and cordial. Spain desires the integrity and wel- fare of Mexico; and the latter cannot be indifferent, but rather partakes of the joy which every Spanish heart has felt for the glory wi our heroic army has just obtained in Africa, Accept your government the congratuls- ons and good wishes which in ite name you have ex- preesed to mo for my own happiness and that of Spain, aoe Almonte then proceeded to pay bie respects to ing. THE VERY LATEST. TELEGRAPHIC FROM LONDON TO LIVERPOOL. Panu, March 17, 1860, The Moniteur of to-day, in its report of the last sitting of the Legislative body, states that the election of M. de ja Ferriere has been annulled. Turm, March 16, 1860, Governor Farini is expected to arrive here on Sunday next. The city was illuminated last night. Mopexa, March 16, 1860. The result of the voting in the Emilian provinces bas been proclaimed, and is as follows:— Total number of electors inscribed on the list, 626,258; number who voted, 427,512; for annexation to Piedment, 426,206; separate kingdom, 756; cancelled, 750. Froreyce, March 16, 1860. Adecree bas been published convoking the Hiectora) Assemblies for the 25th March, in order to proceed to the election of deputies to the Parliament. The Paris correspondent of the London Tinvs learns that the second warning which immediately precedes ex- communication has been sent to Turin. After a certain interval the bull of excommunication against Victor Pua- nuel will be issued. Two regiments of dragoons quartered at Lyons have re. ceived marching orders. They are to proseed to Cham- dery, the capital of Savoy. - + Sardinian Cabinet is expected to meet on the 12th rit. - regiment of cuirassiers has left Tur'n to be ready to enter Tuscany and proceed te Florence ag soon as the King of Sarainia acce pts the annexation. Other troops have left their quarters to be ready to en- ter the Romagna. Genera) Fanti has just organize’ the army into four corps. Each will be compoeed of three divisions, two Piedmontese and the third of Central Italy. It ia stated that one of the first acts of the government, as soon as the annexation shall have been declared, will be to open @ loan of 400,000,000. ‘The tria) of the Bishop of Orleans is not yet terminated. THE LATEST MARKETS. d closing tone. Shares are steady, with little doing and prices merely nominal. LONDOR TALLOW MARKET Quiet, spot and March, 688, sellers; April alone, 576. ; = to June, 54a, 6d. a 54s. Od.; October to December, LONDON PRODUCE MARKET. wear coffee are firmer; little doing to-day. qui Rice, active inquiry; market very firm. Saltpetre has been more quiet, and late prices cannct be obtained Markets, LONDON MONBY MARKET. Lonvox, March 16, 1860. The demand for money continued active, and in the Open market business could not be done below four per cent. It was thought that the market would comtinue tight until the payment of the April dividends. ‘On the stock exchange, the charge for loans on govern- ment securities was {rom 33 to4 percent. The funds had shown an improving wendency, and consuls hed slightly advanced, but on the 1¢th # dol) tone prevailed, and there was a reaction to the extent of 1-16 per cent in consols—which cloged at 945, for money, and 99% — % for account. There was also on the 16th mereased stringency in the money market. The returns of the Bank of England show an increase in the bu)lion of £79,687 during the week. Mr. William Sharpe, underwriter at Lloyd’s, was an- able to meet his engagements, which were understood to be considerable. BARING BROTHERS AND 00.5 CIRCULAR, Lonpon, March 16—5 P. M. There has been an improved feeling in our colonial and foreign produce markets this week,and « considerable business has been transacted at firm prices, Sugar dearer. Coffee firm. Money in good demand. Consois leave off 99% 2.04%, for money, 04% a 947% for the ac- count, Bar silver, 68. 2%(d.; Mexican dollars, Sa, 254.3 American eagles, 768. 73d. Doubloons, Spanish, 778. nominal; South American, 758. nominal, Cocnivzar dull. 180 bags part sold, Teneriffe silver, 3s. 4d, a 38. 6d.; black, 38. 84. 4s. Honduras silver 38. 1d. 3 38. 4d.; black, 3e. 6d. & 3s. Od. ‘Morasses.—100 cake sold. Antigua, 178. 64.; Oubs old clayed, 146., and good old clayed, 17s. 6d. Cocoa very firm. About 700 bags sold. Grenada 65s. a 698. for low middling to good grey and red; Trinidad ‘76s. for grey , and 95s. for fine red; Guayaquil at 759. for Corver very steady at fully last week's prices, and the Seles have comprised 335 casks 126 bbls. 201 pian- tation Ceylon, at 668. 6d. a 679. 6d. for fine ary to fine fine ordinary small; 699. 64. a 758. for low middling to middling colory, and 86s. 6d. . for fine middling. 87 casks 450 begs native Ceylon, at 60s. a 628. for good to fine ordinary. 193 bags fine ordinary Mysore at 640. a 648. 6d. 22 bbis. 28 bags Jamaica, at 628. 64. a 64s. 6d. for fine ordinary. Of #00 half bales Mocha pert sold at £1 128. 64., and 812 bags Costa Rica were withdrawn. Floating cargoes bave commanded fall prices, and three have been rold—one, St. Domingo, 2.700 ‘Gonaives at G4s., for the Mediterranean, insured free of 10 per cent, and two Brazil, one of 6,800 bags Bahis at 54a. 6d., for the Mediterrancan, the other 7,900 bags Santos at 688., for @ pear port, both insured f. p. a. Corrun.—A reduction of price was made on the 13th inst, of 34. per Ib. on manufactured, and £5 per ton on unman- ufactured. We now quote wugh cake and tile, £112; sheathing, 1234d.; Y. M. sheathing, 10344. Coxn.—There is rather a better feeling in the market, and English wheat has advanced Is. per qr. Last week's average price of English wheat was 458. on 122,346 poe ti returned. We quote white American wheat 478. a red, 4fa, a 47s. per qr.; flour, 22. a 268. per bbi. SyxuveR quiet at £20 158. a £21. Corrox quiet, and no sales to report. Pains ce there bas been a large demand without change im prices. Sales for the week 61,000 bales; middling Orleans, 6% 4. Haay.—Rursian firm; St. Petersburg clean, £28 10s. a £29. Manilla in demand, but little offering at present rates, Jute quiet; of 1,100 bales at suction about two- thirds were realized from £13 12s. 6d. a £15 for common to good common, from £17 @ £17 10s. for good middling wo fair, and £19 for good fair. Inos steady. Rails and bare £5 10s. a£6 158. f. 0b. im Re Scotch pigs 688. 6d. for mixed Nos. on the ie. LINeExp continues firm at 53s a 53s 64. for Bombay o ‘the spot, and 49s, a Sle. 6d. for Calcutta Afloat of Calcutta ‘have been made at 49s. 61. for c. f. and j., and @ considerable busizers has been done in Black Sea and Azof tor shipments up to July and August, the closing being 49g. &1, delivered for the Uatted 0a. now asked. Imports since since Ist January 73,720 last year. eeE a ror amice, but without change in York in barrels £10 16s.; Boston in bagn £10 ‘Ons —Fish: Sperm is firmly held for £100, scriptions ip recond hands; pale Southern £33; £35; cod £36. Olive on the £61 10s.; Messina, £59; Corto, 3 el i f ; t is lipol atest bee Dose te for the inited Ki and £58 166. Baltic. firm: Foreign refined is and 46s. 6 458. 6d. for the last six mont foreign brown on the spot 418., and good demand, and is now worth 2s. Apri to June, and 298. 6d. July to mode- rate ‘at 428. 0 428, ‘45a. 64. for Cochin. Palm 3 Rice. —70,000 bags sold in rether dearer cae ae 64. a les.; Arracan at 86. 6d. me for =