The New York Herald Newspaper, March 7, 1860, Page 6

NEW YORK HERALD. | and by those who had bit in charge just before his "SamBS GORDON BENSKTT, DITOR AND PROPRIETOR QEFICE N. W. COMNKB OF NASSAC AND FULTON 878 FARMS, cash wm advance Money sent dy mut! rwill be at tne Hak of the order Postage stampa mot received on Tae DAILY BERALD two THE WREKLY HERALD b or & per annum, the Bur abe ents ber cay Bl per nnn csane ment at Gs Co ‘forms dition on the th or $1 Ai) per annum CORE FAWILY WERATD on Wedneniay, at four conte ver on $8! per nnn Mol ON Pan! CORKESPON DENCE, ~minining important mews, woltrited from iny qearter of the worth; if used will vaich month ada cents Mreolly rid for Bar OUR FORMGN COKKPAFONDENTA. AKE Pasretina Ragueerny £0 Seat ais Levreus ax Pace rer os ITICR taken of anonymous correspondence, We do not getern 0 food commtrations " DVERTIS. s very day; advertisements in Seaed i» the Wamuuy Hewarn, amas finwctn and tm the veda amd European Ke JOB PRINTING earonted with moatness, charpness and de- No Volume XXV sass NOe 66 AMUFAVENTS THIS RVENING. BIRLOS Ge KN, “roadway.—Ma, asp Mes. Banner Wautass—an loon 1 Seve. BOWKSY THEATRE, Bowery—Mexcnant or Vawice— OLD Faartatios. Wali sOK'S THRATRE, Broadway. —Rowaxcr ora Poor Yours Maw UAUBA KEENHS THEATRE, 624 Broodway —Jeanie Deane FEW BOWSEY THEASTRE. Rowery —Wattow Corse— Magic DARmei—Mioniant Coxsrmmatons, BROADW oY BOUDOIR, 444 Broadway. —Tus Hinvex Bam, BARNUM'S £MKRICAN MUSEUM, Broadway.—after. Boom and Evening—Cers oon BRVANYS! MINSTRELS, Mechanics’ Hal), 472 Rroadway.— Buriascuss, boxGs, Danoxs, de. —We Come vnow THe Hines. NIRLO'S SALOON PreRLE Ds SONGS, 1). Broatwny Geo, Comsty’s Mire , 40 — MES. Dav's New Year Cats, NATIONAL CONCERT SALOON, National Theatre— Box ons, KowLESanes, &C. “TRIPLE SHEET. New York, Wednesday, March 7, 1860. “NOTICE TO THE PUBLIC. — Wall the numerous adv sers in the metropolis ous the favor to send io their business notices efure nine o'clock in the evening? The pressure of all sorts is now so great upon our columns that minutes are of more value after nine o'clock in the eveding tin hours are before that time. Adver. tiers, in complying with this request, will derive the most benefit, for in the early delivery of the paper in the morning are their interests best sub, served. The News, In Congress yesterday the Benate took up the case of Thaddens Hyatt, the contamacions witness in the Harper's Ferry investigation. Mr. Hyatt ws allowed till Friday to make up his mind whe- ther he will testify or go before the courts, In the meantime he remaizs in the custody of the Ser- geantat Arms. The Committee on Militia were instructed to inquire into the expediency of changing the control of the Indians from the Interior to the War Department. Mr. Brown's resolutions respecting slavery in the Territories were taken up, and Mr. Brown made a speech in suppert of them. A motion to take up the Military Academy Appropriation bill, with a view to action on the smendment providing for the support of @ regiment of mounted volunteers in Texas, was carried, but the Senate adjourned without con sidering the subject. The Presideut sent to Con- grevs yesterday documents relating to the distarb- ances on the Texan froatier. The substance of these papers is given ia our despatches. In the House the bill to protect female emigrants on shipboard was passed. The first Tuesday in April was as- signed for the consideration of the bill codifying the revenve laws. Thomas H. Stockton, of Phila- delphia, was chosen Chaplain of the Honse on the second ballot. The Mileage bill was passed by a vote of 154 to 21. . Hoard offered a resolution asking for a select committee to inquire into certain state, ments made by Messrs. Adrain, Haskin and Hick- man in last December, to the effect that the Preai- dent had endeavored to bribe them from thair course of duty. Mr. Branch hoped that no objection would be made from the dewoeratic side. If the President were to blame it should be known. If not, the calumnies should be exposed. Mr. Hous- ton and others participa’ed in an exciting debate, after which the resolution was adopted. The proceedings of the Legislature yesterday were not particularly important. In the Senate, Mr. Fiero offered resolutions in fave f the flaal settlement of Revolationary cla ia Con. gress. In Committee of the Whole several bills were ordered to a third reading; among them the bill to prevent fraud in the sale of passenger tickets. Some local bills were passed. The consideration of the Governor's Message was re sumed, and Mr. P. P Murphy addressed the Senate at length. In the Assembly, in Committee of the Whole, various bills were considered and ordered to a third reading; among them the Albany Police act. The bill to amend the Usury Laws was debated, and various amendmeuts were made and proposed. The House refused to o: bil to a third reading. Mr. ©. minority report on tolling railros today’s paper the amendinents of the city charter proposed by Oakey Hull and his political associates, together witha list of the acts tuat have parsed the Legislature, and also of those which have passed through one Hunse only. The Lovisiana Democratic State Convention mot at Baton Rouge yesterday, and selec to the Charleston Convention. expressed their prefere for Mr. SI Pre cy. At ameeting of max party at the Lafa it was agreed to holda State C on the [8th of April, to select dele ye tioual Gonvention to be held at Baltimore on the 9th of May next. The annexed table shows the temp: atmosphere in this city during tt March $, the range of the ba: pation ce ell for the e wee eter and ther- mometef, the variation of wind ¢ bts, and the Btate of the weatuer at three periods during each day, viz: at 9 A.M, and Sand 9 o'clock P. Mie Saturday —Morning clear, ights urday— Clear; light snow during day; 39, overeart, OF. M. clear Ps Cgotcg ieeraern Sunday—Ciear ai! day; 9 P.M. clear. —Ci OP. clear. Wedncsday—Moralug overcast; ovening dye fog. ureday—Fog aud teary rain; 9 PM. fog; iv P.M ‘Th Clear. iay—Clear; 3 P.M. cloady; 9 P. M. cloudy. Ba 53 M. overcast; light raim during ovening. An investigation was had yestéPay, which lasted tntil late in the afternoon, in the cast of the late ‘The evidence shows the manner in which Ritter Was treatod by the officers on board the Brooklyn, Ceath, For want of room we ure unable to give the full esumony. The facts transpired en the 7th of November last, aud created considerable ex- pot at the tine. ¢vening the Isaac Newton proceeded to Al- bany with freight and passengers, the North river | Being now entirely free from ice uf to thatcity. The Hendrik Hudson wilt follow this evening, in place of the New World, which will make her first trip on Monday evenmg, having, we understand, been thoroughly repaired and put in @ better condition \ than before the accident to her, of which our read- he | €rs are aware, The Committee on the Street Cleaning Investi- gation did not huld 4 meeting yesterday, in coure- | quence of the decease of the City Inspector's fath- | er-in-law. Mr. Delavan’s evidence being the next in order, and his absence being necessitated by this event, it was agreed to adjourn te continuance of the inquiry for a week. Meanwhile, the next meeting is looked forward to with much interest, and startling statements are expected to be made thereat. A shocking catastrophe happened on the Dela- ware river, pear Easton, yesterday. While a small steamboat was on her first trip her boiler exploded, killing ten men and shockingly wounding some fif- teen others. The boat was torn to pieces by the explosion, A list of the names of the sufferers may be found in another column, The Special Aldermanic Committee appointed to report av ordinance favorable to the appointment of Inspectors of Coal Weighing met yesterday and heard a number of coal venders in opposition to the proposed measure. They urged that such io- Spection would entail many unnecessary inconveni- ences on there and seriously interfere with their business, The Committce took no further action. Though the Almshouse Governors adjourned os tensibly for a fortnight at their Jast meeting, it is rumored among parties who ought to know some- ‘thing about their proceedings, that they held a private meeting yesterday after- boon for the purpose of considering the pro-pectiv’ legislation at Albany, which it is understood will considerably revolationize the management of our public charitable institutions. The number now in the institutions is 8,257—a de crease of 97 for the week. Our Mexican correspondence, dated at Monterey on the 16th ultimo, contains an interesting résum/ of the progress of affairs in that portion of Mexico, with some, important pews items. Governor Or tega bad captured Zacatecas for the liberals, and generally speaking, the cause was more hopefal since the late defeat of Miramon in the mountains. General Zuazua was preparing to open a newcam paign. The exports from Monterey in 155° were very valuable, including twelve millions of do Jars in specie. The imports for the same period were rated at nine millions of dollars. Drs. Martin and King, both Americans, quarrelled at the dinner table of their hotel in Saltillo, when the former was instantly shot dead by King, whe made hisescape. Dr. Martin was a native of Lexington, Ky., and enjoyed a very high reputation in Mexico, both as a physician and kind hearted gentleman, Our Havana correspondent, writing on the Ist instant, states that the naturalization difficulty be. tween the United States and Spain, arising from the late arrest of Gavino de Liano at Segua, had been adjusted for the moment 80 as to permit a diplo- matic settlement to be made either in Washington or Madrid. M. de Liano was to be set free and not molested further. Tho news of the capture of Tetuan py the Spaniards produced great excite” ment, and a series of grand receptions, balls, bull fights and carnival scenes followed. El Mercurio, of Valparaiso, says that 2 serious complication was feared between the Argentine Confederation and Brazil, in consequence of some virulent articles published in the official press of Parana. Owtng to late intelligence received from tho South, to the effect that the receipts of cotton showod some falling off the market exhibited more tono yest with a firmer feeling. The sales footed up about 8,000 bales, on tho basis of tions given in another column The total receipts at iho ports sinco the Ist of Sept-m- ber last have amounted to” 3,585,000 bales, aeainst 2,944,000 in 1569, 1,998,060 in 18: n 1957. The exporis havo react 4 against 1,576 000 in 1859, 1,165,000 in 1858, and 1,295,000 in 1857. Tho stock oa hand embrared 1,111,000 bates, against 970,000 in 1859, 745,000 in 1858, aad 660,000 in 1867. The flour market was Grmer and more aztive, with increased sales, ‘ily to the local and Easteru trade; tho medium and bigher qualities closed at botter prices. Southern flour was aiso im good demand at improving prices. Wheat was more active, and anice were mado to a fair extent at full prices. Corn was steady, while tue sales were fair and prices unchanged. Pork was steady, though the feeling was tame: sales of new mes were made at $18 3734, and new prime at $465 a $1475. Beef ant lard were unchanged. Sugars wero heavy, and saics embraced 600 a 700 bhds , incluaimg 360 do, Porto Rico and New Orleans, sold by auction at rates given in another columm. Coffee was quiet but firm. Freighte were quiet and steady, while engagemonis were moderate. The Republican Candidates for the Chi- cago Somination. We have already published a lst of the democratic candidates for the Presidency, with their bi phies, and to-day we give a list of the candidates of the republican party, with sketcbes of their lives. The Republican Con- vention will meet at Chicago on the 16th of May, the birthday of W. TH. Seward—a signif- cant coincidence. Tere are thirteen aspirants for the nomination, but there is evidently an irrepressible conflict between them which wilt render the duty of the delegates an arduous one. For the last two or three years the most prominent aspirants were Seward, Banks and Chaso—Seward taking the lead; but for some time past Seward bas been under a cloud. His irrepressible conflict doctrines and ultra aboli- tion sentiments, coupled with the John Brown raid, baye rendered those members of the re- publican party; who care only for the spoils, and nothing at all for principle, somewhat doubtful of bis availability, and induced them to cast about for another candidate, and they have brought out Bates of Missouri, a fossil politician, who was used up before they disen- tombed him—a man who kas been out of public life for the last twenty five years, and about whom nobody knows anything. But meantime Pennsylvania, a most impor- tent and necessary State in the contest, has put forward a candidate of her own in Gencral Simon Cameron, who can command im- mense strength in the Central States, and who is a far better administrative states- man than Seward. Seward is a very good magazine writer, but a very poor debater. When delivering bis great speech the other day in the Senate, be had to read it from manu: script, like a sophomore, and he is. wholly un- equal to make a ready reply in debate. Came- ron, then, pitted against Seward, is a strong candidate, backed up, as he will be, by Penn- eylvania and the Central States, and it will be pretty band to tell what the result may be at Chicago. lees, by all the other twelve candidates, Op- pored to it stand the democratic party and the general conservative element throughout the country, North and South, There are fairly three parties now in the field—the democrats, the republicans, and the Union party, as they cali themeel ves. ; It is extremely probable that, whatever the event may be in next November, this Union party is destined to form the nucleus of a grand Opposition party. If the republicans are suc- censful in electing a President, the democratic purty will be broken up as a formidable orga- nization, and if the democrats carry in their Charleston nominee, the republican party will be cead and gone forever. There will be no- thing left then for the defeated parties but to coalesce in oae powerful opposition against the administration. i There seems every probability that the next election will call out am immense vote. The vital issues to be decided, invelving as they do the very existence of the Union, as well as the increase in population, will secure this result. Accoréing to the estimates we ave made in advance of the census of 1860, the population of the country is now but a little short of thirty- five millions. France has eight millions of voters out of a population of thirty-six mil- tions; but France has no Africans who do not exercise the franchise, while we bave four mil- tions in that predicament, It is not too large an estimate, then, we think, to put down the number of votes which will be polled at the next election at five millions— larger by about «million than the vote cast at the last Presi dential election. The struggle'will be « despe- rate and an eventful one, for the issue is single, sod more pregnant with results for good or «vil than any which bas ever before claimed be attention of the people. ‘The Struggie Between Charch and State in MexicomShail We Kelp a itomau Cathotte Oligarchyt The struggie that is now going on in Mexi co is a part of the great movement of the world, which is gradually but steadily advanc ing to the entire separation of the Cburch from she State. Its developement bas already reached tbat stage of action which extends its influence beyoud the limits of the republic and forces the coterminous powers to provide. by intervention of some kind, tor their own de- fence and the preservation of peace upon their borders. At this moment the condition of the Texas frontier is awakening among us a war feeling, which, when once aroused, no politi- eal party can successfully resist; and on the soutbern border of the Mexican republic the seme causes, along the boundaries of Chiapas and Soconusco, are pressing themselves upon the attention of the government of Guatemala. On both sides, the question presented is, sball intervention or invasion be the adopted policy? This is the question which the pending treaty with Mexico has been designed to meet, and in our opinion it establishes the only safe and statesmanlike policy that is open to our adoption. We do not want the territory of the Mexican republic, nor can we contem- plate the admission of its ten millions of mot ley population into the Union, either as citizens or as subjects to the federal power. Therefore we do not want a war, which will compel us to snvade that country, and occupy it, in order to preserve peace on our frontiers. We do not want to perpetuate a condition of things there which will lead to the revival of the filibuster spirit, and enable Sam Houston to carry out his idea of establishivg a government in Mexico on the plan of the English East India Company, which, administered by and in behalf of pri- vate citizens, shall lead to the establishment of slavery and an oligarchical occupation of the country. We do not want to be forced to es- tablish a large army along the whole boundary line, for the double purpose of defence from the armed bands which disorder permits to roam in Mexico, and the restraining of our own misguided citizens who believe that fame and fortune can be found in a private invasion of Mexico. In order to avoid all these evils—and they are great ones—it is necessary for us to look at the real issue of the domestic con- flict in that country, and, ascertaining which is the party that legitimately represents the sentiments of the people and the cause of order and progress, to give to that party such direct moral and indirect material support as are compatible with our system and policy of government. This party is the one which holds the legitimate authority of the re- public, which is predominant in three-fourths of its territory, which i defending the high principle that the clergy and the soldier shal! not possess peculiar and special privileges io the State, which seeks to destroy a pernicious system of accumulation, under which a few ec- clesiastical corporatiens are rapidly absorbing the land and overshadowing the civil power, and which, in its official representation, has re- spected its official obligations to the rest of the woild, and bas been recognized and treated with by our own government. To tzis legiti- mate representation of the Mexican nation, the treaty now before the Senate extends the only assistance which we can minke available at this time; and should the fate of that treaty be de- cided adversely, there is no doubt in the mind of any man who has taken the pains to look into the subject, that we shall be compelled to | draw the sword ourselves in defence of those rights and principles which the Juarez govern- ment is defending now. If through our refusal to extend the helping hand to Juarez now, the rebellious and cor. rupt clergy are enabled to triumph, we shall at once see one of the most popular crusades undertakem against the dominating Roman Catholic clergy in Mexico that has evor agi- tated this republic. Sam Houston is bringing elready to hear upon it the principles and practices which be learned in the Know Nothing lodges, and the republican Senators who to-day suppose they are opposing the Mexican treaty on purely logical grounds will find themselves placed, in a tew months, by the force of circum- stances, in the position of either defending the There is no doubt, however, as to | the iesue involved in the election: it is the abo. | lition of slavery, and nothing else. Among the Tepublican candidates, Seward is the most ul- tra upon this question; bé fdes for the aboli- tion of slavery under all circumstances aud at homicide om board the steam frigate Brooklyn. ' oll hazards, and this opinion is held, mope gr ’ most corrupt branch of the Roman Catholic eburch that exists on this continent, against » popular and rising agitation, or else of giving a tacit consent to a vast filibuster scheme which will Jead them no one knows where We call upon the republican Senators to look upon the great questions involved in the Mex loan treaty as statesmen, and not as partisans. We know that several of the wisest of the reputican leaders look on this treaty in the same light that we do, as requiring immediaic Pe and we warn them now of the dan- YORK HERALD, WEDNESDAY, MARCH 7, (60027TRIPHR STEEN a gerio which they will involve the country and their own party by giving way to sn unwise snd improvident party epirit which advocates its rejection. The true question is shall, the theoerstion! oligarchy which now is insurgent in Mexico receive assistance indirectly through onr refusal to ratify the treaty, and lend @ belping band to the great principle of sepata- tion betweea Church and State? The Revolution at the Nerth-The Be- @inaing of the End. The irreprestible conflict between capital and free labor in the North whieh recently broke out in Lynn, and extended to other towns in Massachusetts and to the neighboring State of New Hampshire, will soon spread io other directions over New England, and pro- bably over all the Northern States. It is the beginning of « revolution in the North—poli- tical, manufacturing and commercial. The fire bas been kindled, and who shall stay the devouring flames, whilst they have such an abundance of combiistible material to feed upon, and are fanned into activity by the potent agitation of white slaves stimulated to deeds of desperation, not by mere political wrongs, but by the sharp pangs of hunger, and by the destitute condition of their wives and children? The attempt of the leaders of the anti-slavery party in the North to foment an upquevchable war between the capital and the negro labor of the South has recoiled already in fearfal retribution on the North, and kindled a contest between Northern capital and the so- called free labor of white men of the Cancassian race—men free to work at prices by which they and their little ones must starve slowly and by inches, or free to refuse to work on such terms, aod die at once a rapid and sudden death from the effects of famine. The bostile attitude of the anti-slavery party which has gained the ascendant in almost every State north of Mason and Dixon’s line has forced the South into a corresponding attitude of defence and defiance, and the result is that great numbers of the Southern merchants have refused to deal with the Massachusetts capital- ists for shoes and other articles. and the con- sequence of that movement is that they have surplus stock, without a market, and they are cowpetled to discharge many of their hands and reduce the wages of the rest to starvation prices. Hence the strikes, and the com- mencement of a social, manufacturing and commercial revolution, which willevery day gain strength and intensity and extend to every branch of business at the North, and even real estate will share the general rain. The unfor- tunute men and women thrown out of employ- ment by the criminal folly of Northern agita- tors cannot live upon air. Either they mi: emigrate in thousands, or the most sweeping changes must immediately take place ia the legislation of the New England States, giving labor protection against capital by regulating hours and prices, and thas compelling capital either to retire from the field of activity, or to afford labor the means of sustaining existence, or the socialistic system of the French provi- sional government in the revolution of 1848, establishing State workshops, must be adopted, so as to bring down capital to the level of labor—which would be all very fine for the workmen as long as it lasted, Such is the prospect before the New Eng- land States, and they may bless their stars if they escape the bloodshed and confusion, the rebellion and revolution, which their lead- ing men have been so long preparing in vain for the South. f Every day the evil will increase, because every day that Northern labor is unemployed poverty will become poorer and discontent will be exasperated, while all the time the breach between the North and the South is widening, and the preparations of the Southern States to manufacture for themselves are has- tening to completion; and nothing is wanting to consummate a total alienation, and to place an impassable gulf between North and South, but the triumph of the republican creed next fall. To that, all that has yet taken place is but the beginning of sorrows—the foretaste of the bitter cup of retribution in store for the North, which will overflow with accumulated calamities, and which she must drink to the dregs. On the other hand, the equilibrinm be- tween the relations of labor and capi- tal in the South is undisturbed, and there is the most perfect harmony be- tween the master and the sleve. So far from any of the negroes of the Southera plant- ers being in want of the first necessaries of life, they can earn, after all their wants being supplied, and after satisfying the demands of their masters, what would purchase their free- dom,’if they did not prefer the protection and bappy eecurity afforded them against want in sickness or old age by the justice and benefi- cence jof the Southern institution. It is esti- mated that the savings of the megroesef the South, though a thriftless race who care not for money, amount to. one hundred millions of dollars. In every age and every country there bas been a continual conflict between free labor and capital, in which labor has been al- ways worsted, though sometimes capital has beep doomed to signal sufferiag. The New England States are no exception to the rule. Under the fortunate combination of cireum- stances in the South, labor can never suffer there as it does at the North. The land, which is of boundless weatth and fertility, is there, and the cotton which it grows is there, and the demand for it by the whole earth is incessant and greater than the Sonth can supply. In the benevolent, patriarchal and humane institu- tions of the Southern States alone is to be found any adequate provision or legal immn- nity for the laboring man. Nor is the negro degraded toa chattel, as is pretended by the abolitionists and William Hl. Seward. He is regarded as a person in the eye of the law, and his master, who has no property either in his soul or body beyond his mere labor, is amen- able to the laws if he is guilty of cruelty or ia- justice to his servant. But if there were ao law to compel him to do justice, and if no feelings of mutual good will existed between the white Southern planter and the black laborer born on his estate and bound to him for life, self- interest would induce him to treat him with Kindness; whereas, under the so-called free labor system ia New Englaad, the self-interest of cupital takes the opposite direction, and the self-interest of labor does not harmonize wito it. The friendly intercourse and commerce of the South have bitherto prevented an explosion But the present action of the people of the Southern States in protecting their own inte reslg and institutions agatast Northera aggres- so sion has inavfursted a \Sonflict between the labor aud capital of the Norsh the éxicnt and cod of whieh are beyond the kea of moxtal ah to loreree, Prous Pnseury Jupexp py, His Worss— ‘The resignation of Superiateudeat Piisvury, | with which we had been threatened for some weeks past, is nOW an acconiplishéd tact. Not- | withstanding the lamentations made over ‘it ia certain quarters, we do not find in this eveut , any very strong grounds for regretor sympa- | thy. Judging Mr. Pilsbury by the amount of | authority which he exercised up to the ciroum- | stances that led to his resignation, we must , say tbat the regults achieved by him during his | tenure of office could not have been smaller if | he had been acting from the first under re- | stricted powers, | We have always been advocates of the cen- | tralization of authority in municipal affairs, | where it could be shown that the principle could be safely applied. Thus in the case of | Mayor, we believe that the city would gain , much if the responsibility of the proper admi- , nistration of the different departments were vested in him, It is a very different thing, however, to delegate to the chief magistrate of a city powers of this kind, and to give to the executive head of the police force the absolute authority claimed by Superintendent Pilsbury” The one is, and must ever be, incon- sistent with the other, and as long as there is @ Board of Police Commissioners it will be doubly so, for it places the control of | the police force still further out of the reach of the central authority. ‘The attempt to draw an analogy between the constitution of the London police and ours in order to support the ex-Superintendent’s pretensions is absurd in the extreme. Unless our institutions are wholly changed it will mot be possible to adopt.in ali its features the organization which works so well in the British metropoiis. Owing, nevertheless, to the forbearance of the Commissioners, Mr. Pilsbury has had aa opportunity of trying fora time the effect of “the one man power” over the force under his command. What benefits bas the city gained by it? Have the etatistics of crime exhibited a decrease?— have the arrests of offenders multi- plied?— have we had, in short, any of the evi- denuces of increased vigilance and activity on the part of the police? The contrary is the fact. Crime has never been more prolific, as may be seen by the calendars and the Fire Marshal's report; and as regards street offences— which mark more than anything else @ watchful police supervision—there certaialy bas been vo improvement under ‘bat head: Of what importance to us are petty improve- mepts in the discipline of the force if they ex- hibit no better results than these? They only prove thata man may be a martinet in trifies, and yet a very bad administrator on the whole- The refusal of the Superintendent to comply with the Mayor's suggestions as to the disposi- tion of a few policemen is another evidence of the narrow view which he seems all through to have taken of bis duties. ‘The truth of the matter is, that the ex-Super- intendent has from the beginning only looked upon his office as a sort of apostolic mission. All the really vigorous steps that he has taken during his tenure of it have been to forward the fanatical projects of the Sabbatarians, and to render the Sunday as gloomy and uncom- fortable as the efforts of the police conld make it. We do not blame the man ; the constitu- tion of his mind is naturally ascetic. He re- gards the Sabbatarians as the vicegerents of God, and Pious Pilsbury as their executive of- ficer. Of course, when the police is pat under the control of such narrow minded zealots, we wust expect to see the legitimate objects of its organization neglected, and its energies wasted OD matters foreign to them. As to the remonstrance which was sent in to the Commissioners, disapproving of their action, we think the Board were quite right in taking po notice of it. Memorials of this kind are so easily gotten up that they have ceased to have any value. They emanate from pretty mucb the same class of men as those whose pames were appended to the Fifth Avenue Ho- te) manifesto, and who can be got to siga any- thing without reading it, conating on the chance of their backing out on this excnse shonld their autographs threaten to bring them into trouble. “ttm Sprixe Thape witm THE SovrH 1s ed -Youk anp Puitapgirnia—Is [7 Increastne on Decrrastxe {—Some of the journals of this city assert that the spring trade with the South io New York and Philadelpbia isin a very flou- rishing way—better, indeed, than it ever was— while others state that there isa great futling off in business in beth these cities, with mer- chants who bave bitherto done a thriving trade with the Southern States. Now, strange as it muy at first blush appear, both these statements are true and consistent with each other. In New York aad Philadelphia the commer- cial houses are chiefly of two kinds, in a politi- cal point of vriew—those of a national and conser- vative character and {n favor of Southern rights, and those of an anti-slavery complexion, hostile to the institutions of the Southern States. The political excitement arising out of the Harper’s Ferry raid, Helper’s book, and its endorsemen’ by the Northern members of Congress, including William H. Seward, and the doctrines promul gated by the leaders of the republicatl party generally, bas affected these two classes of houses in opposite directions. It has made one to prosper and the other to languish and decline. The national bouses have never done so good a business, while the abolition houses are nearly ruined, having large stocks of goods on band which they cannot dispose of, even at cost, The Southern merchants fiad out the fanatical houses by readiag the advertisements in the Independent, Tribune, Evening Post, and the other anti slavery organs of this city. They cease to deal with them, and give their busi- ness to the censervative houses, which they also discover by Jool:ing into the advertise- menis ip the national aud Union papers. The Southern trade is a sound, sabstzntial and profitable one—a trade which produced no failures in the last commercial revulsion, and it is streaming to the national houses in New York and Philadelphia more copiously than it ever fluwed to them before. They have now a monopoly of it, owing to the Northern anti slavery agitation of thirty years duration reaching fits climax. On the other hand, the abolition houses are wholly dependent on the Eastern and Western trade, which is a broken reed. In the panic it was the faiiures among the Western merchants which destroyed the beat firms of New York. It is only im despera- tion from having immense. surplus ‘stocks wee Sinise meee “ if 8k 2 Viof goede in their stores that the. abotidion ; houses of New York do suy business wilh | aveb unreliable customers. It is a toning, | risky Busthees, Nothing cam be more true, } therefore, thun that the Southern trade with | that clase of houses has dwindled away, and they are in a very ricketty condi- tion; while it is equally certaia that our com. servative and national houses are doing a Splendid business; for never was the yield of Cotton of the South more ubundant than at the present time. Tue Iurortant Question or THE Day—Civie VigtvE.— the most important topic of the day is the question as to the precise me- ney value of & member of the Common Councal of New York city. Ina very recent case the public has seem that an Alderman has refused, according to his own account, a bribe of two thousand dollars, which was tendered te him at various times and by several persons. The reasons which governed the Aldermag have not been very clearly set forth, either by himself or the journals, although both have devoted some considerable time and space te the subject. A correspondent gives a acw view of the matter, in the following letter:— | TO THE EDITOB OF THE HERALD. \ May you not have eine ae S the regard to market price of an Alderman? You assume that we Tovbuleea upon. the Bead): Tecker‘imbrugle “Ysa ie ‘see the fallacy of it at once oa remem! that cack member of the Council of ten was to be , and met Mr. Brady alone, as his vote would not have insured tne success of Mr. Fucker; bene its moro than | that the $2,000 was w have been divided by ta, thus | Teducing the minimum of Aldermanic value to $200, ta- | Stead of $2,000. Thue hypothesis becomes sirovger amos | i donagot ‘ppear that any other overtures (tuan these | allege’) were made Who, therefore, can decide satis- factorily the vexed queetioa? Your theory is liveral fer civic virtue—mine more th accordance with evideaoe. Then, are you no: doing the Aldermen an injury by Griving off ‘howe jobbe 6 who cannot afford to vay 3, Dut are willing wo pay $200 for cach of the “secret tou AN OLD STAGER, Now, we always like to give everybody fair play. When we say “everybody” we include Aldermen. Our philaathropy is of that expaa- sive character which can take in even a mom- ber of the Common Council. And we do not wish to injure the trade of that respectable class of persons who hang ubout the City Hall aud deal in Aldermen as the merchants im | Broadway, or Murray, or Wurreu street joo in dry goods. Far from it. We say let trade (thrive. And if we bave set tbe price of am | Alderman above the market rate, then let it come down. The laws of demtand snd supply must work to regulate the quotations for Com- mon Councilmen as well a8 for pork and pota- toee. The theory of our correspondent is thatthe two thousand dollars which was offered to Lycurgus Brady was to be divided among se- verai otber Spartans in the Board. If this is correct, we have quoted Aldermen at alte- getber too high a figure. We supposed thats city father in good condition would hold hia- self at least as bigh as the market value of & likely nigger io the South. It is a very small business if Aldermen go off at two hundred dollars each, or anything like it, And, as there seems to be just now some mystery about the Matter, we reiterate our suggestion that the matter of bribery should be properly systematized and organized in a separate bureau of the city goverament, with power to fix a tariff which shall be uniform apd proportioned to the interests involved. There would, of course, bea “pre rata” feature in it; and for all those schemes wherein a compliance with the charter and or- dinances involved the loss to some cousin or brother, or some pet of the Aldermen, of trail- ing ethpty ash carte about the city, or dump- ing garbage carts at impossible landings, or would deprive baif a score of political retaia- ers of the privilege of dragging lifeless hoes and brooms through muddy streets, leaving ne evidences of their presence—for these, we say, the scale would undoubtedly rup bigh. But for a grant of a street through the Park, a rail- road to Yonkers, or any measure whereby valuable rights of the city could be thrown away on the score of “public good,” for such the tariff would go down to the mininum— probably ! it is high time that something was done about this matter, and we hope that Aldermaa Brady will report an ordinance forthwith. For the last ten years there has been the most per- plexing uncertainty as to the Aldermanic tariff, and as the matter is pow fairiy before the pub- lic it ought to be definitely settled. Pus.ic Vintce 1s Wasninctoy.—In the House of Representarives, on Monday, Mr. Covode, one of the black republican leaders, introduced a resolution calling tor a special committe te ascertuin whether apy money has been used to carry popular elections, or to procure or pre- vent the passage of bills before Congress. This resolution was adopted under the operation of the. previous question, which did not, however, prevent several members from explaining their voies. Among othera, Mr. Ashmore, of South Carolina, insisted upon speaking, and was called io order by Mr. Grow. . Ashmore, indig- bunt at being snubbed, turned upon Grow, saying that he might call him to order one time too many. Coming from a South Carolinian, that meane fight. It does pot appear thst any- tbing further in the hostile way took place; aad, if We are not mistaken, Mr. Ashmore has an ua- settled pistols and coffee account with ove Maxwell, 6f South Carolina. One at a time is a good rule about these, as well as all other mhatters, Witb regard to the resolution which created all this fuss, there is no special objection to it, ifthe investigation is made general. Let the committee go to work in solid earnest. They will find that money is used by all parties im all popular elections of spy importance. They will ascertain that both the democratic and re- publican parties are so far demoralized thattheir leaders depend upon bribery and corraptiea to curry States or districts where the vote is close or doubtful. Let them get witnesses from all sides, Let them have up the Chevalier Tom Ford to tell the story of the Pennsylvania elec- tion of 1856—how he was entrusted with o fund of one bundred thousand dollars wherewith to carry that State, and how he didn’t do it after all. Then there is the celebrated Orsamus B. Matteson. He might be able to tell something about how much it costs to get a bill through the House, from his reputed connection with the free wool affair. Hon. Massa Greeley, too, one of the victims of the lobby, might throw some light upon the matter by recounting his reminiscences of the Fort Des Moines Navige- tion Company’s operations. It might be found, too, that money has been raised very recently in this city, by the republicans, to carry the Eastern elections. Without doubt this com- mittee will find its hands full. The orgasise- tion of the lobby at Washington, at Alvediys ©”