The New York Herald Newspaper, January 7, 1860, Page 12

10 —— aD A he Australian Mall Service and thy pa- nama Ratlroad. A member of capitalists, who Prone to estadlish & Ino of mall steamers betwoen Bewto",4 and the British erionics in the Pacitic, aud whe ADP ar to be fully alive to Gio advantages to be gained >Y “uo establishing of sich & fine, via Pacama, havo, *Deough Mr. Joshua Finner, one Of tho'e namber, adeissed a communication to the Pane wma Raitroad Compeny, with a view of ascertaining what imduceynents May could offer and what concessions they ‘woul? bo wifting to make to the proposed steamship oom Maa etter of Mr. Pinner, with the reply of Mr, Hoaa- lay, Pieeident of the railroad, which we give below, will Berend with intrest’ — ayy Yon, Doo. 17, 1859. Be Prvp Vosnie, Fa, Prosident of the Panaina Ra'l- ee ‘fh : eee Soot of the is to ascertain from you wera ppocial priviloges your company woald be likely to ew ord toa British royal mai steam packet company, rs, specte aud freights from Ba7EK dim ant She Unived States to tbo British colonial possessions in the , via the Panama Railway, as ‘iso eoals for the use of the company’s steamships ou the Tt ie not for me in this communication to point out t you fhe reasons why the British goverument have deen op- to making use of your road, for the conveyance of ‘Australian matte; still, such is the case, as I pamed to You et a late interview, incousistant as it might appear, when it is well known that a very large amount of the mtoek of your company is held by’ capitalists in Hagtand, tend that tho British government have even advertised tor fenders via Panama Now, the route by Penaeia has Miways been favorably eatertained by the commercial community of Great Britaiv, even before the successive Palures of tho Koglish Steamship Company, who for some endeavored to maintam regular communication by ‘Cape route. As late back as 1853, in my ‘Australian @ireutar.”’ published in England in that year, in previous to mail matters, I wtate ax foliows:—"'It must be stated thatthe present wail regulations aro anything but for the wante of our vast Southern colonies, but the Australasian and Pacific Mail Steam P .cket pany get fairly started for the performance of regu service via Papama—which Isthmus must eventually great passenger aud mail ‘the South Seas—there can be po depen- donee on the present means of communication. remark, doubtless, by the ah@ve, what sevon oF opined as a fixed eventuality. This was a Royal Mail Steamship Company had ‘act for carrying letters to the colonies, and verument had decided that the car- ‘the mail be lated by periodical com- rae advertisements ree nn i 5 ¥ E ‘been issued inviting the conveyance of the mails in alternate to Australia, the which, like all the other arrange- fell to the ground; ergo, all has since remained in ie it to be immaterial to the British government route the coatracting parties used, (always pro @ that the mails wore delivered within the limits of allowed,) they would undoubtedly choose” the one doubted authority on all mail routes, has been understood “that mails could be carried as quickly by the Toutes as by those of the isthmuses.’’ at the run of the late unfortunate screw steam- Charter, on her last passage, of sixty days ‘alin to England, it shows the eame result a3 Peninsular and Oriental Company, who have the mails, via Point de Gall, Ceylon, and Suez, to London in the same time; sach was, how: plished, I believe, on one accagion by the iden Gate to Panama, and thence to Eogiand, days, these facta, Mr. Fill doos not appear far out It must not, howe be overlooked that existing routos has ever yet had a fair trial, that of the Cape by clipper ships, which have boat ips out of the field. Great Eastern was built for either the Auetra- , Indian or China trade, of sufficlent tonnage to carry ‘en board for her voyage; her approaching tris) trip Gibraltar will give us an idea of what she is capable of on along voyage. Sofar as we know of her formance to the present, she could assuredly distance from England to Australia inside of forty ‘might not be out of place here to name, that within the past twelve months J was engaged in an examination @f the Central American routes of transit from ocean to ‘eeeen, my attention having been more particularly direct- 0 to the one by Ni: , on which I reportet anything bet favorably in my “ ative and Notes,” pablisned in Maadon two months sini Although I might be considered as somewhat diverging ‘im coming to the gist of this communication, io treatiog on ‘various matters which I have, still,I believe I could well have dove otherwise. To recapitulate brictiy, hows that there exist three distinct and available routes from Engiand to Australia, cach one possessing its own p ored advantages. I have also endeavored to show it might ¥ i t i Hi t i ty i ie i | | if tf ‘be optional with the parties to whom the contract in jg between England and Australia, awarded by British government, to adop: either woute, as they sce best. ys It was understood ere I left London @ few weeks since, ‘@aat Mr. Lever’s company wore likely to be awarded the gontract. 1 am led to believe that the same will be defaitely @rranged by the British goverument the proximo month. reverting to the point at issue: the Panama Railway one of the routes on which I have endeavored to to know what inducements your company to ® British royal mail company to adopt the indeed, would they be willing to concede for the conveyance of passengers and ese across the Isthmus ?—what, also, as regards 4 pny , freight and coals? What would be the ‘afforded at the ports of Colon (Aspinwall), and Panama, as scoommodation and the oe doubt that the Panama route will compare Suez route, in facilities and economy, pro- the directors of your company are willing to enter- Uberal feel in the matter. I know they have believe that a reduction of the passenger fares foster nor increase any further trafic. I this idea will hold good as regards English ‘emigrants proceeding to Australia I purpose returning to London in the course of a short time, and meanwhile shal! await your reply. 1 have the honor to be, sir, your Ferg gbatient ‘@orvant, JO3HUA FINNER, Orrice Panama Raitroap Company, New York, Dec. 21, 1659. &m—I bad the honor duiy to receive your % ‘Mon of the 17th inst., and the same was presented to the Board of Directors of this company at a meeting held yes- After discussion of the subject presented by you, a ge- Reral resolution was adopted to the effect that it is in ex- to make concessions in the rates of 0 or establiehed hy the compauy, in favor either of in- ‘@tviduals or companies. Teg to remark that thie resolution was adopted to ‘meet applications similar to that contained in your letter, ‘which are likely to be presented by other parties. It has 8 been the policy of the company to trea! allalike interests may of Pauama,and the directors cannot see their to make an exception in the caso of yourself ne E if a! ds. ‘You will not fail, therefore, to perocive that this policy pany, which Ifeel assured will be adhered to, ‘& guaranty that you and the parties associated with you, 6 be put on an equal footing with others, in any they may have in connection with the Panama ‘Thanking you for the interesting information contained in your letter, and expressing the hope that you may find suM- Gent inducement to establish a liue of steamshi Eagiand and the British colonies of the Pac! iat va the Isthmus of Panama, Iam, Sir, very respecifully, your @edient servant, DAVID HOADLEY, President. a Fivwen, Boq., care of Alex. Holland, Esq., Ame- Weoan Express Oninpaay, New York. —_—_—_—— Personal Intelligence ‘The Savannah 's Ws ‘Gaus describes Col. L. M. Ki ‘just the Hy HH 42 F ern Bhs if S 53 peel ] i ia Hi Sere eae ‘water, be occasionally turns aside from his favorite path, and talks cloqueatly for catholic and national prin eget. He 18 nervous and impulsive, of the pyrotechnic of politicians, and will make a ‘better political gla- tate es Ce ‘that tha: ‘question w! susceptible greatest ora- ‘terieal demonstration is genorally the favorite hhin in debate. i antiga: Hex. Eowarn Bares, of Missouri, whose nam> ‘Been mach spoken of in the North and West, for the Pre. i rom Missourt, Virginis,) were the leading the political ohicftaina of the that State. Mr. Bates is sixty years old, an able statesman of the Clay school. |. Seward arrived this city yesterday New York and Erie Rallroa) and took House. Ho leit last night for Wash- aeee 4 ; i Hi itytt Hiriae e best hua R. Giddings, now at home at Jo‘forson, return to our State to fullll some lecture ¢ | ta. lan’ ar, the well known hatless et and reafeast to the old women of Philadelphia y Atmshouse on New Year's day ls ye Coateenae—Vincixia acater Ti —The Mem oe Avalanche, of the 22h uit, saye:—A go i to tarfmen as Pertecsiy reliable in A grig: Sen eateray desired State that he would wager im view acd would pit against th: ofthe Turf in this country; but aa be one,” and the propysition was mate ia the “unknown”? mast be & 8, with the honor of upon Tesult, together with the would cause a perfect furore mn: . Let os aye it by all i NEW YORK HPRatp, SATURDAY, JANUARY 7, 1860—TRIPLE SHEET. American Geographical and Statistical Society. INTERESTING LETTER FROM REV. DAVID LIVINGSTON, D. D., PROM ZAMBEBI RIVER, SOUTH AFRICA. The regular monthly meeting of thia society wa", held at their roome, in Clinton Hall, Astor place, ",nursday evening at 734 o'clock, the principal attra tion of the evening being a letter from the celebrated traveller, Dr. JAvingstone, and a paper on “Africa un ey the Equator” vy P. B. Da Chaultu, Esq., who has ls ely returned after a long sojourn to that region. ‘Fhe business of the evening ¥/as commenced by the reading of the minutes of the Vist meeting, which being approved of, the reports fre.m the several committees were handed in, and some ¢,ther miscellaneous business ‘Was dixpored of. The Secretary then was ordered to read the letter, which we give, in full, Terre Zamnmse, Feb. 22, 1859. Mr Pear Si—Having been erected a member of your svotety, L take the Mberty to send you a short account of ourstempt toupen the inverior of Africa, in the hope thet, though itamay not appear gael ye vo your mem- dere, it may, -at least, show my good will and desire to perform a oerresponding member's duty. We entered the delta of the Zambese in May, 1868, ‘taking the’mnost southerly branch wo could tad, bat after enter the Zambrse by that, as the points of junetion were filled up with reeds and other aquatic plants. You may have a clearer idea of the region it you bear in mind the fact thet the Zam ese has in the course of ages formed a delta, which juts out into the ocean, and form the most these quarters beat, almost constantly, against the head of the promontory. These, aided by the oceanic currents, have helped to dam up the main stream, but the pent-u) waters have escaped sideways. The main stream call Gualeo enters at the pont of the promoutory most expored. To it we went after leaving the southern branch, but saw no possibility of eatranca during three dayr, though her Majesty’s ship Lynx bas since found a channel im it, after a search of ten days. We then pro- ceeded to examine the side branches, and tho very first are other good ports, but all in the side branches. are also communicating branches between these, and those within the tufueace of tue tides are generaily deep. Having got into the mainstream, we found that we had, water to fall considerably. Tt was, also, so very much lower than usual that the Portuguese propheaied that we could not ascend ten miles. [t was said, also, that war ‘was raging, and no one would bo allowed’ to go up, even he could. Our ship drew vine feet seven inches, and she was under engagement to go to Ceylon. We, there- fore, te avoid detention in the river, seat her off, and feet six inches, We had no ditficuity with the revela,”” as they were called—indeed, we got pilots from them, and continued ever after on the beet of terms with the Purta- chests, of their former servitude. deliver trem up. ‘I have never heard of but one case to the contrary, and tus owner—a great favorite of theirs— was ob lo give them his fall value, Thi iz a digres hum, there belng plenty of iron for all parties. flat bottomed boat would do business even then. crossings not more than two and a half or three feet why sy little hus been have been the chair geographe Prolomy, actually pu would have ventured to play with ts river a8 bas been done, making it Jose itself and flow under the Kalaharo desert. You may form a better idea of its size i I toll Fat of one of the branches. We ascended the Shire ly, futly a hundred mules from the confluence, aad fe ith a two fathom channel all the way up. It found it Deanty, well wooded to the top. Mora M. Vala wo aa- cended, and found it 400 feet high. placed on the wrong side of the it was well cultivated on the top, and had several fiae Sweet potatoes, holcus sanitorium by the Portuguese, ascertain, this river has never beon ex ther part of the valley abounds in elephants. dred. reach; and noble animals they were. chased them in our lettle off occasionally and forms islands. valley is well peopled, and many of the. high ‘Up. ‘ooked on us with great auspicion. Stantly, well armed with bows and poisoned ready to repel any attack, but no incivility was offer wher we lanied, nor were our woodiag party molested. We obtained what may be considered reliadle informa- tion that the Shire actually does flow out of Lake Nyanga. We were brought up by a cataract, but five days beyond this point the water is smooth again, and down {in canees from Nyanga thither. sus) cions we had at ‘we deemed it uneafe to leave vessel and go over! But no collision took place. The first, so, much pluck as them, we did not were ready to fire, or rather shoot. ther. atacheap rate. Also cotton of two kinds—one indige- nous, short in the staple but very strong, and woolly to the feeling; the other very fine, aud long in the staple. We brou; yarn, an not offer them any American seed. The cotton plat met with everywhere, and though buraed down annually springs up again as fresh and strong as ever. sugar cane, too, Portuguese to my pen. ring in childhood. The ends are gradual closer soaesler and cause absorption till a hole is made. by bite of reed, til) in a lady of fasnion a ‘This is en! ring, canes baer or cup shaped nose at least an inch. dictates, may wish to adopt lip ornaments. Above this we have a rapid, called Kebra, or rather Kaorabasa. When the water is low it shows a deep detween | grove, with perpendicular sides. When steaming up this the man at the lead kept calling ‘no bottom” at ten fa- thoms, and the top of the walls of the grove towered from 80 to 80 feet above our deck. It is wide, but at this season is comparatively smooth. re were some cataracts in it which high water ob- literates, This steamer is 100 weak to ascend. She being lige acne Uitlahal Rehr Plates 1-16th of an inch thick, we dare not try her in the rapids. Wo shall work down here rome time yet. I loug to lead back my faith fal Mackalolo, who are still at Telie, fh thirty of them died of the small pox, and six were by a neighbor- j and, thank i i euree dete 2 BE~pe gg Z A 3 s Fe E ti i i al if i : : Ei g F [ i f if - Du Chailta, Telative to the gentleman’s extensive travels. Mr. Du Cnanic came forward, and began by offering parke spolegy ey to the company Lae : = -— Mistakes he make, giving as @ reason rect kaowiedge of she Sages 3 aa ty le then proceeded with a most graphic desertption of the rivers of that rogion, which ho said wore ail very short, as they took their sources from the mountain: on the borders of the coast. He spoke of the savages of ihe interior, who he said were force and warlike; cannibatism was common with them, and you could see human bones lying aboot in graat numbers in their villages. H+ Sooke Of the fearful decrease of tho African tribes, which ha attributed principally to the slave trate, and to witen craft, which he said annuatiy cansed thousands of deaths He gave a very full account of the goil, climate, aud also of the habits of the duferont trims he hal eacaa tered, one of which mate him their king, awl presented him with the insignia of offica, consisting of a sort of iron bell, with o lone haodie, at the sunt of which all within hearing mast bow their heads and keep silent. He also received a mark of esteem from one of the native kings, sonsisting of an olfar, on the King’s part, to cook for hie supper one of his favorit ar vants, Mr. Du Chaitla dit not appreciate tha comp!i. ment, and Weclined, much to the King’s disgust, bat 2 Aoubi to the sorvant's’great joy. He gave an intersting account of bis joarneyings thropgh the country, and of his terribly sulte: of food and clothing, and bis diflicalty o throng s country. w oro the face of a whit had been seen before, He situated » tho mango Swamps, Where, he sald the fever was fearfully prevalent and he 'w'es od.iged to take an immense quantity of qui nine as a pre'Wentive, but still be saifared (rom j)o affects Of the fever. During the course of the lecture he spoke of that won. ascending «rout seventy miles we found it impossible to pronvinent part of the coast. The prevailing winds of ‘we came to, called Kongone, was all we required. There ‘There in going to it and spending a month there, allowed the went up to the seat of war in a small ateamer, drawing two guese, They wore called ‘rebois,” as they had ail been Tunaway slaves, and bore the marks, iu brands oa their Slavetioiders here Toust be civil, for it is 60 easy to run away, that if slaves go to the Landiue, who are of tue Zulu family, they never giv sion, but Imay flaish off by saying that the Portuguese Governor attacked the rebels, aud they retired before We continue carryipg on luggage up the river till No- vember, when it reaches ite lowest point; and with care a We know it pow al its very worst, and, a8 # spreads out to | from one to three miles ia breadth, 1 is in many of the Just now the water stands twelve feet above low water mark in November, and we are all quite eure that during, ‘at least, eight months in cach year atteamer of four or five feet could trade withoutembarrassment. The reason known about the Zambese river, ching in the stormy promontory by which it was hidden from navigators. And their easy , dreaming over the geography of downs the Zambese as flowing into the sea at Quilimanc, which, in his days, it probably did, though not a drop of Zam bese water, tn ordinary circum: stances, reaches that part. Had some branch of the Anglo-American famtly planted their footeteps on its Danke, we are such a babbling newapaper set, the world would have known all about it long ago; and no one varied from 80 to 160 yards in width, and contains no sandbanka. It flows in a beaunfu: tertile valley, about twenty miles big, and fringed with mountains of great (quis, by mistake, is ire id my mxp.) Hittle fountains, the waters of which were slightly chaly- beat; thoy have a bot sulphurous fountain at the baze, (temperature 174 deg. fahrenheit) The people had many sargham,and other grains, and pine apples, lemon ‘and orange trees. They were very hospi- table, and are independent, The vegetation is very ditfe. rent from the plains, and so is the climate; yet with all these disadvantages, no use bas been made of it asa red by Ea- ropeans before. One part of the luxuriant valley of the Rhine is marshy) and ‘abounded in lagoons, in which grow great quantities of the lotus plant. people were collecting the tubers, which, when Doiled or , resemble chestnuts. ‘They are thus Totophagi, such a8 are mentioned by Herodotus. Ano- companions estimated the pumbers we saw at eight 4 Herd upon herd appeared as far as the eye could We sometimes steamer, for the shore branches The ip part of the erates Sete never seen ypeans ‘They watched us con- arrows, Arabs come the thinking we bad as Tift a gun, though we We did nothing to make us ashamed to return, and mean to do so next month; and if we haye their’ confidence we may go far- ‘They had abundance of provisions, and sold them ta number of specimens of their spindles and as it was quite equal to American uplands did ie ts, Thoy grow bananas, &c. The men aro said by the ‘be very intelligent, but very mild. The lead them to seek business via the | women wear the lip ornament, round one of which I put The slit is made in the upper lip, at dirst, by a pressed d, is inserted, and the ‘edge of the lip protrudes beyond the perpendicular of the 1 am thus particular in case our own ladies, who show a noble perseverance when fashion mm 60 to 80 der ‘ "fad oreatare the gorilla, and of ils immense strength. "she impression that this strength lay chiefly in fis jaws, ‘was a mistake; that it was in its arms an4 foot. ‘He said that it was a most ferocious animal, and that it would al- ways show fight at the sightof man. He said it had @ habit of beating its breast with it, hands, the sound ¢T which could be heard distinctly at the distance of ene which resembles that of a * could be distance; that he made incureiona on the grata flelds of the vatives, and lived entirely on grain and berries; that when he killed men and wild beasts it was for the love of destrac. tion, and not for the purpose of food. He reiated several anecdotes of encounters he bad had with the gorilla. He spoke of the country as abounding in moun- taing, on one of which he planted the “Stars and Stripes,” and at ite side the tri-color of his country (France). He concluded by describing the return to his friends, who, he eaid, he found bad not forgouen hum during bis long absence. He eat down amid the most enthusiastic spent, after which vole of thanks was tendered him for his able discourse. In reply to @ question put to him by one of the com- any, he said that Keely 2 bis travels he felt no fear for hie safety, as he had always treated the Africans with ‘uniform ness, besides which he travelled through the country as & » which was a sufficient eeigenre Aa the result of hia labors the ft ge ryr has brought home with him over 2,000 kinds of birds and some 250 ‘varieties of animals, among which are soveral of the fa- mous gorillas. The room was crowded with & most select and atten- tive audience. The officers presiding wore :—George Foleom, Esq., Chairman ; T, W. Fiske, Baq., Scoretary; F. Prime, Esq., Recording Secretary. Severa) prominent men of our city were present. Dr. Cahill on Astronomy. FOURTH AND LAST LEOTURB. ‘The concluding lecture of the Rev. Dr. Cahill in his ab- breviated astronomical course, was delivered before an overflowing audience at the Academy of Music last even- pg. The fame which the talented and reverend gentle- man has gained for himself since bis arrival in America, by his brilliant talents and diversified information, has been spread abroad through the agency of the press, and the longer be stays in the city the larger will his au- diences become. As it happens, however, circumstances immediately call him away. The lecture last evening was highly instructive and entertaining, and was intend- ed to demonstrate the power of the telescope in magnify- ing objects. The reverend gentleman first directed atten- tion to the anatomy of the human eye, explaining tha: the diameter is about three-quarters of an inch, and that ‘this is known as the axis of the eye, The extraordinary mechanism of this part of the body, he eloquently dis- coursed upon. If there be any organ that brings us near to and makes us like the Creator himself, it is the eyo. Its wonderful organwm was, indeed, thing fit for the highest degree of scientific and phil contempla- tion, and the illustrations of the Doctor were perfect in every reapect. He then proceeded from this basis to the more immediate branches of his subject, and showed how an object by distance loses all light Io this connection he gave some interesting explanations of what is known as perspective by artists and painters. Light, be explained, radiates from the centre in ht lines. Near the centre an object will appear in full light, Dut as it increases in distance, the object naturally loses alitight. What bad long beon considered as ” voluminous light, bad been shown by Lord 's tele- scope to be an aggre; of brilliant granular dust, and this discovery, therefSre, thus resolved billions of systems int one. Astronomers are now convinced that there is no flocky light, as hitherto believed, but granular light made up from billisns of suns appearing as one light. On this absiruse part of bis subject Dr. Cahill was careful to explain himself in a manner which can only be fully re- ted. He made a simple experiment with s copper farthing, which he in a basin, causing water to be thrown upon it, in explanation of Cohn re- fraction of light. A person standing at a si distance could not gee the farthing at the bottom of the basin, but when the water was poured on he clearly saw it. ‘The mognifying power of telescopic ani in- struments jab lege a to, aud the oes aL — pains, and with much persplcuity, went some the most interesting facts iu natural philosophy. The logarithmic, trigonometrical mode of calculation was explained and made easy to the simplest mind ; nor were the efforts of the reverend gentleman to explain the erratic nature of the movements of the comets a whit less successful. Some of his accounts of microscopic examinations of anima'culm were, indeed, re- gad with interest and the soundest information; and as it would necessarily take @ courge of at least twelve lec- turts to enable bim to comple his full course, it will at once be seen how t and varied must be his information; and the public, or at least that portion which have formed hig audiences, must regret that he is Dot permitted to lead them through the vast and illimita- ble Held of astronomical science on which he has yet been scarcely able to enter, having only crossed the mighty threshold of the geography of the heavens in the four beautiful prefatory lectures which have been so en- thusiasiically received. During the whole of these lectures, we have observed ‘that there have never been more apparently appreciative audiences assembicd in the Academy of Music. Dr. Cahill was applauded to ‘+ the very echo, that did applaud again,” but yet order and decorum were fully maintained. When, in elicidation of the won- derful mechanism of the human eye, and the immense magnifying power of the telescope, he informed bis hearers that astronomers have with tacir glasses seen suow in the north pole of Mars—white and glistening in the flerceness of ita winters, and yellowish mm the warmer seasone—there were numbers impressed with great surprise and astonishment. The wonders of the memory of man were then very fully dis- cusged, and the reverend gentleman concluded his able Jecture by cordially returning thanks to his audience and to the people of New York for the very friendly and hos- pitable manner in which he had been received by and in warmly tendering to the press of this city his sin- cere acknowledgments for the notices which nes, ho said, had led them to extend to him. his intention to leave immediately for the South- Canada—then perhaps back to Ireland—then, once more to return to America—when finish this course of lectures £0 froggy an example of Dr. Cabill’s popularity on iy State that he has already received tiring last night, at the conclusion saluted with tremendous applause, and wine to his lips be drank to the health o the au the midst of applause, loud, hearty and vnanimous, which can alone proceed from genuine and noble hearts. City Politics, MEETING OF THE YOUNG MEN'S DEMOCRATIC UNION CLUB. ‘The members of this club held a meeting last evening at the Mercer House, corner of Broome and Mercer streets. The President, H. P. Carr, had the chair. The Attendance was not comperatively large. The club, not having held a meeting this fall past, met last evening for the purpose of taking preliminary measures for the con- struction of their programme of action for the ensuing campaign of 1860. The business transacted iast evening, however, amounted chiefly to the formation of a special committee to choose a suitable room for the future meet- ings of the club, in somo building farther up town and contiguous to Broadway, A correspon: committee ‘was also appointed. At the next meeting of the club the more important business of political tactics and stratagem will be fully opened and acted upon. The New Silvor Mines Nevada. ‘The following letter to Mr. William H. Davidge, of this city, relative to the newly discovered silver mines on the Sierra Nevada, between Walker's river and Honey Lake Valley, gives a very favorable account of the yield, and represents it as exceedingly rich in the precious metal, which is scarcely less valuable than gold. We had an op- portunity of inspecting a piece of the ore extracted from the mines, and it appears te be a very fine specimen, hay- ing delicate veins of gold as well as silver running threugh it. Subjoined is the letter:— g of the Sicrra was first Placerville is 114 miles, is aye, The journey from this city is days and a half. Hench & Co., bankers, have toad on fifty tons, 16 be shipped ty them te Drege, by pore Duripg the winter but ittle ere can be hauled over the mountains, but next ‘the amount which will be taken from these mines will astonish the world. FORBES & BABOCOCK, Agents. one Brown out of the way, Mrs. Brown, of Jasper, Iowa, eighteen of Bro in wale os pounds wns, in ibe ot ‘Twaxns Riven Croemp.—Tho Thames river is frozen ‘and navigation above New London, Conn., suspented. —=—[—====—=_===—=_——_—_————— FINANCIAL AND COMMERCIAL. Pripay, Jan. 6—6 P.M. There is more money offering to-day, but rates are still 7 per cent on call, 798 for the very best short acceptances, and $a 10 for first class long business paper. The accumalation of over seven millions in the Sub Treasury at 9 period when, ac- cording to the best calculations, that department was only expected to hold three or four, is now the principal cause of the present stringency in ouy having been turped out. within the yeen, are ea. ' tirely numerous in this vicinity, "4 Unless the fresh Supplies can, be sent to distant PSF’ Of the country, the = bt be more advent geously employed than in them. | From the annual report of the Baltimore banks | money market. It is another benefit which Mr. Bherman’s friends in the House of Representatives tre conferring on the public. Had they suffered the House to be organized with a temporary Speaker, the four millions due to the foll sees i mail contractors would now have been ‘We take the wing ” ‘Pesnnb. | disbursed, and money would have been January 2. 3aee.. 90368 So «07 008 1a fairly easy at 5 a 6 per cent, instead of being very | January P issn, a0ne0 718,33 980,275 active at 7a.8. Considering everything, the dis- ars. 6) 1867... oiviaen iia'ose® 18 0e bet | turbance in the money market, and the injury done | January 2, 1856.. 9,065 934 231,929 16,897,869 to Northern trade with the Southern States by the 2, 1860, eae $182 106 rs ore 1 519 prevailing excitement among the Southerners, the an £ Leb... Para) ira, id Taso republicans are certainly laying the merchants’ of | January 4, po Se eee ty the North under a debt of gratitade which it witl | Jam0ary 5.1887 -- Sanort) Sisserag) Ose 3b be difficult to pay. At this rate another year or two of Northern anti-slavery agitation will effectu- alty destroy our trade with the South, and oblige the Northern consumers and exporters of cotton to pay for it with specie. Should the Southern peo- ple—whose presen state of excitement and fary can Lardly be conceived at the North—resolately perse” vere in their refusal to consume Northern goods’ and deprive themgelves, for a few months only, of The receipts of the New York and New Haven Railroad to December were:— a statement of the earnings of the Buffalo, New York and Erie Railroad (Buffalo to Corning) for the month of December, 1859, compared with the same month of last year:— the Northern manufactures which they now pur- 7 chase of us, the North would have to pay the South, between this and next lst September, about one hundred and fifty millions of specie. To what condition this would reduce Northern banks, bank- Dec., 1963. Dec., 1850. ers and merchants it is needless to explain. It - $11,038 69 ‘aan = would be paying pretty dear, at any rate, for the gas HH 1,540 wv ventiJation of the humanitarian theories of a few ay ap eR Total... ..ccseeeenes + o-848,604 61 45,076 32 crazy philosophers and impractical politicians. The exchange market continues depressed, though a tair business was done to-day on the basis of 108} a 1093 for bankers’ 60 day bills on London, and 109} a} for short sight. Franca range from 5.174 to 5.183 for 60 days, and 5.15 a 5.163 for short sight. There are plenty of Southern bills in mar- ket at the usual reduction from these rates. It is hardly necessary to add that there will be no ex- port of specie to-morrow. Exchange on New York at New Orleans has risen from 1} to j discount. At this rate it will not pay to send specie South from here, and hence, until! exchange falls again, our ship- ments of gold to New Orleans may be con- sidered as having ceased. The rate of exchange on New York at Chicago is now 1} premiam—suili- ciently in favor of this city to draw apecie, if there were any in the West to come. For the present, therefore, the domestic exchanges are working satisfactorily. A marked change took place in the Steck Mar- ket to-day. The demand for money being active, in the morning, stocks opened without much acti- vity at yeaterday’s closing prices, but ag the caly progressed a demand sprang up, which the offer. ings of the bears did not supply. After the board, ® small advance took place, which was fol- Steck Exchange. Fripay, Jan. 6, 1860. 5 135% 1000 Er RR 2mtbsext 6060 AudRivRRoonb 4000 dO... . «4.5 7000 3) Cen RR bas. 2000 Ter Ha& Alt 2mt 1000 Clv&To} akg f bs 16 she Bank of lowed by a further rise in the afternoon, and 95 the whole market closed firm at a considera. Be ble improvement. Central sold as low as 73} 63 at the opening, but advanced to 74}, closing 74} 63 bid, against 73] at the close yesterday. Rock Island oH sold as high as 63}, buyer’s option, closing 625 bid 62 for cash, against 61} yesterday. Panama sold at as 127}, closing 127 bid, against 125j at the close yes- mo terday. Galena was injuriously affected by the re- port of the December earnings, which foot up $82,987, against $87,082 same month of 1858; the THE DRY GOODS TRADE. ‘Tho following is a comparative statement of the imports stock sold down to 623, closing 63 bid, against 63} | of foreign dry goods at New York for the week onding at the close yesterday. Thus, for the first time in | January 6, 1860:— their history, we believe, the Rock Island shares str De wet. sats r a r, 1860, are 4 per cent higher than those of the Galena, The p—hanbend half 430'810 Piers iasraen decline in the Galena’s receipta forthe last two weeks of the year was expected by the friends of the property. December and January are always light months on that road; in 1857, December yield- ed $86,635; in 1858, $87,082; in 1859, $82,987. Michi- gan Southern guaranteed advanced } per cent; the December earnings foot up $149,978, against $139,- 727; increase $10,251, which would have been $8,000 more but for an amount received last year from the Michigan Central, which went to swell the monthly receipts, State stocks are lower and dull. In view of the condition of politics and the pros- pect of fresh issues by Missouri, Tennessee, Virgi- nia, &c., the temptation to buy State stocks is not strong. The following were the closing quotations of the day:—Virginia 6’s, 904 a 91; Missouri 6’s, 79 a}; Canton Company, 16} a 17; Camberland Coal preferred, 13}; Pacific Mail, 753 a 3; New York Central, 744 a 3; Erie, 8j 03; Hudson River, 42} 8 $; Harlem, 9 a 4; Harlem preferred, 333 a 34; Read- ing, 423 a };. Michigan Central, 373 8}; Michigan Sonthern and Northern Indiana, 63 a4; Michigan Southern and Northern Indiana guaranteed, 16{ a 17; Panama, 127 a 4; Ilinois Central, 5843 3; Ga- lena and Chicago, 63 a 3; Cleveland and Toledo, 20 a $; Chicago and Rock Island, 62{ a 63. The Sub-Treasury receipts on account of Treasury Notes are light; we presame Mr. Cobb is not press- ing the takers for money, so long as Congress fails to organize. The receipts for duties to-day were heavy. The business of the day was as follows:— By the above table it will be perceived that the entries of dry goods, as well as the amount thrown upon the market, the past week, are materially less than they were for the previous week; nevertheless they were in excess of those for the corresponding period in the two preceding years. Annexed will be found tables giving the classifica. tion and value of the goods entered, thrown upon the market, warehoused and withdrawn, by which it will be seen that the entries of woollen fabrics amounted to $91,- 729, cotton do. to $713,843, silks $173,600, tax $30,109, miscellaneous to $87,523:— 2 166,676 92 17,687,542 39 The year commences with a heavy import of dry go0de—$1,562,000 for the first week of the year, against $1,271,000 same week of 1859, and $501,000 same week of 1858. At this rate, especially if the Southern market fails, there will be heavy losers somewhere before the year ends. The Erie Company have given notice that, as a sufficient number of persons have agreed to the plan of reorganization to render its adoption cer- — _—— - Biraw good tain, they will extend the time for other parties to Total..... 162 $457,174 gloves. F "yas come in and avail themselves of its advantages til) | SX>. 4 $4,018 mage an 3 Bed Ast February. We have received from that compa- 4 4168 Lip. reas came ny @ tabular statement of their business for the AN RO year ending 30th September last; we have only | Wool— Silk— space for the follo dicinacts— Wootens... 18 $11,909 silks...... 12 94.205 1,182 Gross earnings year 80, 1859... sing Sep 00, 2089, $4,402,140 22 yt 82/879 61 1208 65 68,941 47 3,077,812 23 cose SL AON SRT 09 | Gog TH! 76, Cottons . "bariaet 60 phe aaa Rides 2513 81,600 00 eee on ieee 38 Total..... 461 $157,167 perc tr 1,018 404 28 Total ....2,071 $17,062 DUD ose sects cosas cis sndocveasns'sives AONE The exchanges at the Bank Clearing House this morning were 622,976,212 43, and the balances $1,395,710 13. The following dividends have been declared:— The Gebhard Fire Insurance, a semi-annual dividend of five per cent, payable on demand; the Mer chants’ Insurance Company, a semi-annual dividend of ten per cent, payable on the 10th instant; the Resolute Fire Insurance Company, a sem{-annual in* terest dividend of three and a half per cent, pay. able on demand; the Mechanics and Tradera’ Fire Insurance Company, semi-annual dividend of ten per cent, payable ,on the 10th instant; the New Amsterdam Fire Insurance Oompony, » semi- annual dividend of eight per cent, payable on de- mand; the Hina Insurance Company of Hartford, & semfannual dividend of six per cent upon the present capital of $1,500,000; the Second Avenue Railroad Company, ® quarterly divided of two per cent, payable on the 16th instant, at the office of Mesars. Wm. & John O’Brien, 29 Wall street. The Philadelphia Bulletin reports:— ‘We yesterday published the amount of coinage ant cy, fa Dace Danae seems soied tho Pike's oak reviou), silvers Gan Renting J 633; » $2,785; total, $240.17. During tbe year 1880 the “deposi and interfered with by the holidays, combined coinage were ‘Gianni. with severe cold weather, ha* not bad time to assume 2.462.271 | %* regular movements, There ard eyime merchants 17045 525 |B %O¥R from tho distant South, who 2°@ Joking 045 925 | round and cautiously. Jobers in New _ TE ae to do s lars” 2 862,793 Ddesinees; spring le advanoee, and as their Siveries sortmepts diminish and stocks beoome f wal lines; incloding cloths and are firmly held. Manufacturers of ready ate” cloth are pur- chasing materials witb more caution than ue ‘The ac- counts given by different houses regarding tha pros) of the Southern trade the season differ. state that their advices from that region are favornd! and quite satisfactory, while others speak discouraging!y: of the accounts they have received, The impress seemed to be pretty general, however, that the country would reguire the goods; and as ihe crops of both cotton and breacstuffs had been abundant, and nearly all seo~ tions represented to be prosperous, that the spring trade ‘would be active and Jarge. In couon domestic gooue wo noticed that heavy standard brewu sheetlogs were firm at 80. Medium light sheetings were more firmly held. Bleached sheetipgs and sbirtings were also strongly hel@ Three-quarter goods were in light wopply and on Deilis sustained by the export de- mand, We quote China brown drills at 810., narrow brown at 7% 0., bleached at §3¢0. a 9c., while blues wore at 10346. to 10%6. Denis, stripes aud ticks were quict,. and prices uncbapged. Cottonades were in fair request for ‘the teason Printing cloths were quiet but Lawns were in good assortment, but quiet. Prints, of” neat small stripes aad figures, were in most request, with some sales to distant purchasers. The show of prints: Fe Sons od the trade gzhlohe great eigen in patterns, and in great variety eap- plied from s large number of leading print works. Prices. rapge from about 7o. up to 83;0, a 9izc. Fine ‘were in good assortment and well hold. Fine domestic fancy woollens were algo in good assort- ment. Flappels were in 008 OY and stocks increag- ecent were in the way of and sffered forgule. Each ling week this tine: orward is expected to witness @ gradual Db he opening of the spring trade. CITY COMMERCIAL REPORT. Fripay, Jaa. 6—6 P. M, 25, and of pearls at $6 B73¢. Brxaperurre.—Flour—The maiket was without tent, including some parcels on speculation. little or no for export. The sales about 9,000 bbis., closing within the following ICES :— was gome less buoyant, while the sales embraced about 3,200 bbia., closing within the range of the above quota- @ flour was steady at the above figures, sales of 200 bbis. Corn mea! was in govd su] fa and quiet at our figures. Wheat was so firmly held as- to check transactions. Holders demanded an advance for good to prime icts. A small lot of Canadian white brought $1 45 from stere, and a smal lot of cnoice white Ken- tucky $1 55. Rye was nominal at 89c. a 90c. Saleg of 5,000 bu:bels barley were made (good Western) at Sic. Corn was held so firmly as to check sales, which em- Draced 5,000 bushels, at 863¢0. a 87c. for Jersey qellew, 88c. a 680. for Southern yellow, and §3ic a S4o. for Jer- sey new white. Gats were heavy apd quict bi Da Western at 453g¢. a 46c., and State and Canadian at a 4630. ‘The following table from G. W. Cutting’s circular gives the receipts and exports of flour and grain at this port, é for the w ending to-day. Receipta for week ending Wheat, Oats phere ms a — 1,284 2,638 80e 2,664 "408 12,233 21,688 Total .......4...84,858 2,684 1,703 14,866 25,058 Exports of flour and grain from New York, for the week ending January 4:—To Great Britain, 2,974 bbis, flour, 30,066 bushels wheat; British proviuces and places, 16,459 hbis. four, 5,023 bushels wheat, 1,980 do. corp. ‘Total, 16,483 DbdIs. flour, 36,068 bushels wheat, 1,980 do. corr. Corvxx.—The market was quiet and salea wore light: 50° bage Maracaibo were sold at 12%c., and smal} lots of Rio were eold at p. t ¥.—The sales footed up about 1,500 bales, includ ing 560 in transitu. Lots in store cloned with steadiness, ‘ou the baris of 133¢¢. per ib. for middlings. Frrrr —Forther eules of raisins were made at $2 36 for M. Re, and at $2 523; for layers. Frmcns.—To Li |, 600 bbis. rosin were engaged eat 20s.,and 200 tons logwood, London, 100 tierces India beef were engaged ab 400° bbls. pork at és. 3d. To Genon, by- logwood were engaged at p.t, A ship: Yas taken up to load for New Orleaas on private F108. Hay.—Sales of 400 a 600 bales were made for shipment. at$la$l 1234. For city ure in retail lote it quoted at $l 18% a $l 26 00 Ibe. yes Hips. —The market has been quite active this week, Bales have been:—600 Buenos A: do. at 24c., do.; 4,000 Rio Grand t Porto &e., do.; 80 Central America, 22c., do.; 4,500 8,000 do, Rio Grande, sbi OE pan Was Bede, and ged was ly, and prices uncha with fair sales of common, at 75c., and of lump at $1 t8. Motssers —Sales 190 bbis. New Urieans new crop wero made at 53c. with some additional lots to arrive at the rame figure. A small lot of common Cubs sold at 20c. Navat Stores —The market for most descriptions was quiet and nominal. Sales of 160 a 200 bbis. spirits tur- pentine were made at 44c. a 443<c. Ons. —Linseed was steady and in fair demand, with eales of 5,000 gations at B7c. n 59. Provisions —Pork—Prices wore rather firmer. Tho sales were moderate and confined to 360 a 400 bbls , in~ cluding mees at $16 123¢ 2 16 25; prime $11 50a Sih Cah SUT 26 for Salen: was heavy and sales limit- ed, being conflued to about 300 bdbis., including country mers at $52 $5 25; repacked Western at $0 a $0 62%, and extra at $10 6a $11 50. Beef hama were stoaiy, with sales of 60 bbis. at $12 608$15; prime mess was quiet at $18 a $19 60. India was tirm, with sales of 100 bbls. India Chicago on private terms. Bacon was steaiy and frm. Cut meats were in fair demand, with sales of 175 Bhds ana tierces, including shoulders at 64¢c. 2 6%c., and bame sat 93 Pace cre Beary andeasier, with sales, o c. 1050. Butter and cheese Steady and in fair demand from the trade. err ‘ we of about 150 tierces were made at 3Xc. Sccars were firm, but sales were moderate, and em- braced about 200200 bhds. Cuba, mainly within tho range of 7c. a 7}{c.; 200 boxes common grades, reflaing: soode, atte. sd 760 0, do. for refining, at 73z0. jeman: ter, and good quality of alB for ig on the pavance: 42 bhds. kent, ange. rs f vanaa, at 250. a 380. ; 109 do. P.t.; €8 cases seediea’, at Sc. alle —. Wnrosxry.—The sales embraced 800 bbis. at 26340. ‘Woot —Market dull this week, and nothing doing. Hold ers are firm, however, in view of a better demand after- ‘the auction sale on the 12th inat., at Boston. be Ta ih KE Pie among jealers, but noth m first hands. As r. a es mf regards prices OUR FAMILY MARKET REVIEW. Now that the winter holidays have passed the business in owr city markets has become more settled, and the prices for almost every kind of domestic market pro- duce have assumed a standard or more settled point. All kinds of fresh meats remain at about the same prices as our last quotations. Poultry and game are arriving in: good supply, rather exceeding the usual demand, and the Prices are consequently lower. In the fruit line we re- mark that the prices of winter apples have gone up = little, with a prospect for still further advance. Po- tatoes remain at about the same figure as they have for- several weeks: ; but other qualities of experienced a aaa iso" in olesotonen of tab ae severe frosts. hog ween that the will bo Eaterhily aired juring the winter from wotations. below. ot Lees dhe ee ‘quotations of the retail market:— Baxr —Sir 155. per 1b.; porter house steak. Ale, a ramp do. 140; chuck rn 0s 0 1 corn: Morrow.—Mutton chope, 32c. per Tb.; hind 0c 2 126 ; poy he Tamm, 123 cilag ait. — Cutlets, 160, Tee. per Ib.} fore quarters, 9c, = ; hind quarters, Poxx.—Freeh pork, 1c. per Ib.; salted pork, do; 180. a 1ée.; fe, ide. a 18e aiden, doers ley: Jowie, 100. ‘per Ib. ; roasting pigs, $1 28 a $i 50 each. MecetLannove —1 Sausages, 6c per Ib; book ‘Bc. & 80, eae tat Seals es county 806. per Ib. >, Koos, &c.—Orange 5 State (prime), dbo. ‘Western, 180, a 22e.; cheese, lle. a i eee Fowls, 9. & 190, por Ib.; broilers, m vf e 20. per pair; turkeys, 180. 'i4e. car 86, 120. per. . & 620. ye