The New York Herald Newspaper, January 7, 1860, Page 10

10 ee emneeeanemtd Whe Australian Mall Service and the pa- | Amerie: nama Ratiroad. A womber of capitalists, who promewr to establish & Bhne of mall stoataers between Kewto",4 and the British feonios So the Pacitic, aud whe APP ar to be fully alive to io advantages to be gained Sy “uo establishing of s1ch & Mine, vie Pacama, have, ‘dyough Mr. Joshua Finner, one Of thot number, ad¢}asod a communication to the Pana wma Railroad Coinpeny, with a view of ascertaining what imduceynents Wey could offer and what concessions they ‘woul, bo wifting to make to the proposed steamship cour Mas letter of Mr. Finner, with the reply of Mr, Hoat- lay, Phesitient of the railroad, which we give below, will Bored with interest eww Yorn, Doo. 17, 1859. Be Ravin Toaniry, F8q-, President of the Panama Rail. ea at 7 Ber em oot of the present is to ascertain from you wird cjocial privileges your company woald be likely to ew ord toa British royal mai steam packet company, m rs, specie aud freights from Ser ae atin ont THutved States to tho. Reitish colonial possessions in the Pacific, via tho Panama Railway, as ‘coals for the use of the company’s steamships on the F Tt ie not for mo in this commanication to point out to you fhe reasons why the British goverument have been op- wouking use of your road, or the conveyance of "australian matte; stl, such is the case, as I pamed to ‘at a late intorview, inconsistant as it migdt appear, itis well known that a very large amount of the your company is held by’ capivalists in Kogtand, ‘the British government have even advertised tor via Panama Now, the route by Panama has miways been favorably eatertained by the commercial ‘eommaunity of Great Briain, even before the successive Gailures of tho Kogiish Steamship Company, who for some ‘endeavored to maintain regular communication by Se pe route. As late back a6 1853, in my ‘Australian @icular.” published in England in that year, in previous allusion to mail matiers, I wiate aa follows: —CIt must be Stated that the present wail regulations are anything but im =e ff : the Australasian and Pacific Mail Steam P .cket get fairly started for tho performance of rega ‘via Panama—which Isthmus must evantually high road for > passenger aud mai South Seas—there can be po depen- on the present means of com! nication. Temark, doubtlesa, by the ah@ve, what seven tr ed tl i it years since I as @ fixed eventuality. This was ‘adter the Austr: Royal Mail Steamship Company had ‘Dest their contract for carrying letters to the colonies, and when the Britizh government had decided that the car- the mail Should be by periodical com- , and advertizements been issued inviting for the conveyance of the mails in alternate Avstralia, the which, like all the othe: range - Il to the ground; ergo, all has since remained in g t it to bo immaterial to the British government route the coatracting parties used, (always pro- ‘wid that the mails wor delivered within the Jimits of ‘Gime allowed,) they would undoubtedly choose" the one @@ering the most economy in time and money. There are ‘@hree distinct and sure routes at present existing, by the ape, Suez and Panama. If the later is the most direct, Gece ls the shortest. Mr. Rowland Hill, the well -knowa ‘Booretary to the General Post Vitice in London, and an un- doubted authority on all mail routes, has been understood ‘Be say “that mails could bo carried as quickly by the agi tng as by those of the isthmuses.’” g at the run of the late unfortunate screw stea’ Ship Royal Charter, ou her last passage, of sixty da: fem Australia to England, it shows the game result Mat of the Peniveular and Oriental Company, who ha’ the mails, via Point de Gall, Ceylon, and Suez, Grom Sydney to London in the same time; 8ach was, how- sever, accomplished, 1 believe, on oue accasion by the @eamer Golden Gate to Panama, and thence to Eagland, @ Afty-soven days. ‘At these facts, Mr. Hill docs not appear far out why peg It must not, however, be overlooked that ‘mot one of the ox isting routes has ever yet had a fair trial, ‘execpt that of the Cape by clipper ships, which have beat @teamabips out of the field. ‘The Great Eastern was built for either the Austra- ‘Ban, Indian or China trade, of sufficient tonnege to carry feel on board for her voyage; her approaching tris) trip Bo Gibraltar will give us an idea af what she is capable of performing on a long voyage. Sofar as we know of her f@otual performance to the present, she could assuredly make the distance from England to Australia inside of forty might not be out of place here to name, that within the past twelve months J was engaged in an examination @f the Central American routes of transit from ocean to eeean, my attention having been more particularly direct- @4 to the one by Ni on which I reportet anything bet favorably in my “Narrative and Notes,” pablished in Aondon two months since. Although I might be considered as somewhat diverging fm coming to the gist of this communication, to treatiog on various matters which I have, still,I believe I could baye dove otherwise. To recapitulate brietly, whows that there exist three distinct and available routes from te Australia, each one possessing its own _—— advantages. I = = ee he ard it might be optional wi pote whom the contract in » between England and Australia, be awarded by the British government, to adop: either Woute, as they see best. . ‘It was understood ere I left London & few weeks since, ‘@rat Mr. Lever’s company wore likely to be awarded the f@ontract. I am led to believe that the aame will be defuiteiy @rraaged by the British goverument the proximo month. reverting to the point at issue: the Panama Railway ome of the routes on which I have endeavored to 1 wish to know what inducements your company em to = British royal mail company to adopt the game?—what, indecd, would they be willimg to concede their charges for the conveyance of passengers and across the Isthnus?—what, also, as regards freight and coals? What would be the ‘afforded at the porta of Colon (Aspinwall), and is wharfage scoommodation and the 8 é rete Hl H for the wants of our vast Southern cvlonies, but | Soctety. INTERESTING LETTER FROM REV. DAVID LIVINGSTONY,, D. Dy, FROM ZAMBRBI RIVER, SOUTH AFRICA. ‘The regular monthly meeting of this society we", neld at their rooms, in Clinton Hall, Astor place, ",nursday evening at 7) o'clock, the principal attra” tion of the evening being a letter from the celebrate? traveller, Dr. JAvingstone, and a paper on ‘Africa un? er the Equator’? vy P. B, Da Chaillu, Bsq., who has la oly returned after a long eojourn to that region. ‘The business of the evening Yvas commenced by the Treading of the minutes of the Mist meeting, which being approved of, the reports frc.m the several committees ‘Were handed in, and some ther miscellaneous business ‘Was disposed of. The Haagen t then was ordered to read i. the letter, which we give. in ful Terre Zamnmse, Feb. 22, 1859. Mr Pear Sim—Flaving been e'ected a'member of your scerety, I take the Aberty to send you a short account of oursttempt tewpen the invertor of Africa, in the hope ‘het, though itemay not appear interesting to your mem- vers, it may, at least, show my good will and desire to perform a cerresponding member's duty. We entered the delta of the Zambese in May, 1858, ‘taking the’tnost southerly branch we could find, bat after ascending erout seventy miles we found it impossible to enter the Zambrse by that, as the points of junetion were filled up with reeds and olber aquatic plants. You may have a clearer idea of the region it you bear in mind the fact thet the Zam ese has in the course of ages formed a delta, which juts out into the ocean, and form the most pronsinent part of the coaat. ‘The prevailing winds of these quarters beat, almost constantly, agaiast the head of the promonwry, These, aided by the oceanic currents, have helped to dam up the main stream, but the pent-u waters have escaped sideways. The main stream cal Gualeo enters at the point of the promontory most expored. To it we went after leaving the southern branch, but saw no possibility of entrance during three daye, though her Majesty’s ship Lynx has since foand @ channel mm it, after a search of ten days. We then pro- } ceeded to examine the side branches, and the very first ‘wo came to, called Kongone, was all we required. There are other good ports, but ail in the side branches, There are also communicating branches between these, and those within the influence of the tides are generally deep. Having got lato the maiastream, we found that we had, in going to it and spending a month there, allowed the water t fall considerably. It was, alsa, 80 very much lower tban usual that the Portuguese prophesied that we could not ascend ten miles. It was said, also, that war ‘was raging, and no one would be allowed to go up, even if he could.’ Our ship drew wine feet seven inches, she was undor engagement to goto Ceylon. We, there- fore, te avoid detention in the river, seot her off, and ‘went up to the seat of war in a small steamer, drawing two feet six inches, We had no difficuity with the “‘rebdeis,”’ as they were called—indeed, we got pilots fom them, and centinued ever after on the beet of terms with the Porta guese. They were called “rebels,” us they had all been Tupaway slaves, and bore the marks, ia brands oa their chests, of their former servitude. Siavetiolders here must be civil, for it is 80 easy to run away, that if slaves go to the Landius, who are of ue Zulu family, they never Geliver them up. '{ have never heard ot but one case to the contrary, and tas owner—a great favorite of theirs— ud to gt hem his fall value. Thie is a digres sion, but I may fluish off by saying that the Portuguese Governor attacked the rebels, and they retired before him, there being plenty of iron tor all parties. We continue carryipg On luggage up the river till No- vember, when it reaches its lowest point; and with care a flat bottomed boat would do business even then, We know it now al its very worst, and, a8 # spreads out te from one to three miles ia breadth, us is in many of the crossings not more than two and a half or three fect Just now the water stands twelve feet above low water mark in November, and we are all quite eure that during, at least, eight months in cach year atteamer of four or five feet could trade withoutembarrassment. The reason why sy little has been known about the Zambese river, have been the branching in the stormy promontory by which it was hidden from navigators. And their easy chair geographere, dreaming over the geography of Pwlomy, actually put dowu the Zambese as flowing into tho rea ut Quilmane, which, in his days, it probably did, though not a drop of Zambese water, tn ordinary circum: stances, reaches that part. Had some braach of the Anglo-American family planted their footeteps on its Danke, we are such a babbling newapaper eet, the world would have known all about it long ago; and no one would have ventured to play with this river ag bes beca done, making it lose iteelf and flow under the Kalaharo desert. You may form a better idea of iw sizo ir] tell S of one of the branches. We ascended the Shire ly, fuily a hundred mules from the confluence, aad found it with a two fathom channel all the way up. It varied from $0 to 180 yards in width, and contains no sandbanks. It flows ine beautiful fertile valley, about twenty miles bigb, and fringed with mountalas of great beanty, well wooded to the top. Mora M. Vala we as: cended, and found it 400 feet high. (This, by mistake, is laced ‘on the wrong side of the Shire in my map.) was well cultivated on hye fe | and had several flae Tittle fountains, the waters of which wore slightly cbaly- deat; they have a hot sulpburous fountain atthe base, (temperature 174deg. fahrenheit.) The people had many ‘Sweet potatoes, holcus sargham, and other grains, and pine apples, lemon ‘and orange trees. They were very hospi- table, and are independent, The vegeiation is very ditty. rent from the plains, and so is the climate; yet with all these disadvantages, no use has been made of it asa sanitorium by the Portuguese, and as far as we can ascertain, this river has never been explored by Eu- ropeans before. One part of the luxuriant valley of the Rhine is marshy, and abounded in lagoons, in which grow great quantities of the lotus plant. ‘The oe were busy collecting the tubers, which, when ited oF , Fesemble chestauts. They are thus Totophagi, such a8 are mentioned by Herodotus. Ano- ther part of the valley abounds in elephants. My companions estimated the pumbers we saw at eight hun- dred. Herd upon herd a; red as far asthe eye could reach; and noble animals they were. We sometimes chased them in our Itctle steamer, for the shore branches off occasionally and forms islands. The u part of the valley is well peopled, and many of the hilla are cultivated ‘coal Y mo doubt that the Panama route will compare the Suez route, in facilities and economy, pro- directors of your company are to enter- ling in the matter. I know they have to believe that a reduction of the passenger fares r nor increase any further traffic. I this idea will hold good as regards English Proceeding to Australia purpose returning to London in the course of a short Sime, and meanwhile shal! await your reply. fave the honor to be, sir, your very obsdient JOSHUA FINNER. Orrice Panama RaiLRoaD Cowrany, New York, Dec. 21, 1859. I had the honor duly to receive your : the 17th inst., and the same was presented to the of Directors of this company at a meeting held yes. isoussion of the subject presented by you, a ge- Teaolution was adopted to the effect that it is in ex- to make concessions in the rates of passage or establiehed hy the company, in favor either of in. luals or companies. beg to remark that this resolution was adopted to ‘Meet applications similar to that contained in your letter, ‘which are likely to be presented by other parties. It has always been the policy of the company to trea! allalike ‘whose interests may lead them to seck business via the Ssthmus of Panama, and the directors cannot see their pose Freee to make an exception in the case of yourself ds. ‘You will not fail, therefore, to perceive that this policy ef the company, which I {eel ‘assured will be adhered to, fa guaranty that you and the parties associated with you, + will alwaye be put on an equal footing with others, in any eee they may have in connection with the yy ‘Thanking you for the interesting information contained In your letter, and expressing the hope that you may find sum. ent inducement to establish a line of steamships between Magiand and the British colonies of the Paci va the Isthmus of Panama, Iam, Sir, very respectfully, your — yo re eon Seger President, as }, eq., care of Alex. |}, Ane ‘veean Exprees Oompany, New York. dail strep tee ? z ql -t Personal Intelligence ‘The Savannah "8 ay pace ‘thus desoribes Col. L. M. Keitt:—Mr. Keitt, of Soutlf Caro- fa just the man I hed pictured in my mind from his spcoches. is about five feet ton inches He in ‘well and compactly formed, though by ns means j robust; has an intelligent, yet Gerce countenance, giving ‘Bim the of bolog in ft of tritaions His complazioa ie quite “hair disck, jong and bushy bout the neck, woars a biack goatoe and moustache, and is very genteel in his appearance. As a white spot is working ite way through about the upper re- = reas MeL ak years of age. He appears well eatisfled with him. gelf, and though an energetic and fluent spaaker, ho gooe iH ; F i the a from Missouri. He voted with Mr. ¢ Se Ada, ces Bémisteiration be Tapporiol. Mc late United States Senator from Missouri Guyer, (also from Virginis,) were the leading ry men of the St. Louis bar, and the political ohirftains of the party in that State. Mr. is sixty years old, and takes rank as an able statoeman of the Ciay school. ‘The Hon. W. H. Seward arrived this city yesterday ‘morning, via the New York and Erie Railroad and took Fooms et the Astor Howe. Ho ioit last night for Wash. ee. Joshua R. Spy a now at home at Jo‘orson, ‘Ohio, Soon return State : pons ae ar oar to full some lecture George Manny, the well known hatless et and eccentric rea feaxt to the old women of ‘Be Philade}p-hia 'y Atmshouse on New Year's day A Crattmrar—Vincima acawer Texsma: —The Me: | aodegegeer td the 20th pe ee —A geutleman wall to tarfmen ae perfectly reliablo in ail hig transac. Mons, yesterday desired us to state that he would wager he cont Jace & mag which’ wold baat r Planet” in a four mile We dont hove the caiaat' sh je don't koow auimal wh the gentleman has in view acd would pit against the Sea vtereieg King of the Tarf in this country; but a6 he one,” and the proposition was mate in Se ee that the “‘auntmowe” mast bo a ereck Sach @ stake, with the racing hoaor of Fel g mere the result, together with the ‘Sporting elt the country. would cause a perfect furore am: nine tive, Dut still he sai irom tie effects at uns way ail a Ves @ Baored irom (ie effect high up. But never baving seen Europeans beforo, they ‘Ofked on us with great suspicion. They watched us cou- stantly, well armed with bows and poisoned arrows, ready to repel any attack, but no incivility was offered when we landed, nor were our wooding party molested. We obtained what may be considered reliadle informa- tion that the Shire actually does low out of Lake Nyanga. We were brought up by a cataract, but five days Deyond this point the water is smooth again, and Arabs come down in canoes from Nyanga vessel and go over! Bat no collision took place. ‘The greatest coward fircs first, so, thinking we had as much pluck as them, we did not lifta gun, though we were ready to fire, or rather shoot. We did nothing to make us ashamed to return, and mean to do 80 next mouth; and if we have their’ confidence we may go far- ther. They had abundance of provisions, and sold them atacheap rate. Also cotton of two kinds—one indige- nous, short in the staple but very strong, and woolly to the feeling; the other very fine, aud long in the staple. ‘We brought a number of specimens of their spindles and yarn, and as it was quite equal to American uplands did not offwr them any American seed. The cotton plant is met with everywhere, and though buraed down annually springs up again as fresh and strong asever. They grow sugar cane, too, bananas, &c. The men aro said by the Portuguese’ to be very intelligent, but very mild. The women wear the lip ornament, round one of which I put my pen. The slit is made in the upper lip, at firet, by a ring in chitdhood. The ends are gradually pressod closer together, and cause absorption till a hole made. ‘This is en! ed by bita of reed, ti!) in a lady of fasnion a ring, either hollow or cup shaped, is inserted, aud the edge of the lip protrudes beyond the perpendicular of the nose at leastan inch. I am thus particular in case our own ladies, who show a noble perseverance when fashion dictates, may wish to adopt lip ornaments. Above this we have a rapid, called Kebra, or rather Kaorabasa. When the watcr is low it shows a deep grove, with perpendicular sides, When steaming up this ‘the man at the lead kept calling ‘no bottom” at ten fa- thoms, and the top of the walls of the grove towered from 60 to 80 feet above our deck. It is is wide, but at this season is comparatively smooth. were some cataracts in it which high water ob. literates. This steamer ig too weak to ascend. down hore some time yet. I long to lead back my faith fal Mackalolo, who are still at Te! near ‘thirty of them died of the small pox, and six wore by @ neighbor- chief. {stat res lo ove poles mare before conclading. We ‘were warned by the fate of the Niger expedition not to de- lay among the mangrove swamps of tho Delty—the vory hot beds of the fever. We nooordingly made all haste to get away, and we took daily a quantity of quinine. The pe of the Year I eolected, though not the most favorable navigation, was the most eo for health; and, thaak |, OUF precautions wore succcesful. EE 222 a oe £23 ff i 4 g After the Secretary had read the communication, which ‘was received with great attention, the President intro. duced Mr. Du Chailla, making a few remarks Telative to the gentleman’s extensive travels. Mr. Dc Cuainte came forward, and began by offeriag ‘an apology to the company present for auy mistakes he might make, giving as a reagon bis imperfect kaowledgo of the English language, He then proceeded with a most graphic desertption of the rivers of that region, which ho said wore ail very short, as they took their sources from the mountain: on the borders of the coast. He spoke of the savages of the interior, who be said were flerco and warhke; cannibalism: ‘Was common with them, and you could see human bones lying about io great numbers in their viliages. Hl» So7ke of the fearful decrease of the African tribes, which he attributed principally to the slave trate, and to witch craft, which he said annoatly cansed thousands of deaths He gave a very fail account of the soil, climate, au —s poetry “y the diferent tridea he had eacwaa 1 one of which mae Nim their kieg, aul presente! im with the inst la Of officn, ommeiaing of a sort of iron Dell, with a long haodie, at the sand of which all within hearing mast bow thor heads and keep silent. He also receivet a mark of esteem from one of the native kings, consisting of an olfar, on the king’s part, to cook fur hie supper one of his farutity s+ vants. Mr. In Chatila dt¢ not appreciate tha compii ment, and Weclined, much to the King’s disgust, vat . a to the sorvant's great joy. le gave an isterostivg account of bis joarneyin; thropeh tbe country, and of his torr:his « stern aga, ‘amet of food and clothing, and his diffivalty o: throngh a country whoro the face of a w! had been geen before. He alluded also swamps, Where, he gald the fever was fear and he ws od.iget bo take an menses quan’ of ut During the ccurte of the lectare he spoke of that won thither. Seeing ths . cions we had at » We deomed it unsafe to leave thee having been tured out, within the year, arcei- ' lines; tucloding tirely foo numerous in thie VCIONY, ® 4 ‘Tnjens fhe fresh ‘held’ Manwecturers ® pias ove We oan Onan of the country, the materiale with mate o 9 wenn wm bt be more advanligeously employed than in counts given by different houses regarding . oat ‘abutbern ‘wade the coming Lier woe state that their advices from that region are favornd! money mérket. It is another benefit which Mr. Sherman’s friends in the House of Representatives tre conferring on the public, Had they suffered the House to be organized with a temporary ght at the sight coteiorg tiem. Dreast, with its hands, the sound of . F habit of Deatng ts Uretstoety atthe aisance ot eve | Speaker, the four millions due to the | _ From the annual report of the Baltimore banks ang quiesutisuctory, while otters npeak, disopuragto4ly. ie, wie eet eA ter eaien. Caean | Mal contrentors would now eve | been ~doa Discounts, | seemed tobe pretiy general, however; that the countey Moe’ newade incursions on the grain fields of the natives, | disbursed, and money would have been | janvary 2, 1800.. snomesre “aor sna’ traat8 , would require the goodie; and of ihe onan Ot tam eee and lived entirely on grain and berries; that when he | ‘girly easy at 5 a 6 per cent, instead of being very January 4, 1859,, 10 266,846 373,325 © 17,980,275 80 . January 4, 1868,,. 10,160, 312.036. 17/802,695 tions repreeented to be prosperous, that the spring trade sary eh: "Ste bpm Hetan | Paaasnga"aay beat es tet ns SAT ASE SAY Lee firm ut Y veatum tight sheetings were killed men and wild beasts it was for the love of destruc- tion, and pot for the purpose of food. He related several anecdotes of encounters he had had with the active at 78. Considering everything, the dis- turbance in the money market, and the injury done Bie. gorilla. He spoke of the country ag abounding in moun- Specie. 5 Fore, Gao Of which he plauted the «Stare and Stripes,” | to Northern trade with the Southern States by the | j..uary 2, 1960... 82800670 “gissioe Ter S19 bh ag at Maggs prety = and at its side the tri-color of his country (France). He | prevailing excitement among the Southerners, the | January 4.1260... 2,717,199 2,072,544 7,620,584 | Supply and joy Hrille mere gustaived by the export Wo- Coe eee te a oring his ong | Tepublicans are certainly laying the merchants’ of | January 4, 1808... DOmsre Siahiieds Ogg | mand. We quote China brown drille at 80., narrow absence, the North under a debt of gratitude which it will | January 2; 1856,., 2/882,702 9,388,430 Gyasbyasz | Prout {Ae Dleashed at Gace, & Oey mile bidee ware He eat down amid the most enthusiastic applause, after which a vote of thanks was tendered him for his able discourse. In reply to a question put to him by one of the com- any, he said that du ‘bis travels he felt no fear for his safety, as he had alw: treated the Africans with ‘vniform sides which he travelled through the country as a , Which was a sufficient [oy ade rou be difficult to pay. At this rate another year or two of Northern anti-slavery agitation will effecta- ally destroy our trade with the South, and oblige the Northern consumers and exporters of cotton to pay for it with specie. Shonld the Southern peo- The receipts of the New York and New Haven and prices unchanged. | Cotauades were in fair request Railrogd to December were:— ‘int for the season ing cloths were quiet but ‘Lawns were ip good assortment, but quiet. Prints, of neat small stripes aad figures, were in most request, with fome sales to distant purchasers. The show of prints: Opening for the traae exbivits great skill and taste in colors and patterns, and in great variety of styles, sup- $82,207 81 18,500 00 $95,797 31 ‘As the result of his’ labors the gentleman has brought | ple—whose present state of excitement and fary can , 6 plied Some large number of leading print works. Prices home with him over 2,000 kinds of birds and some 250 | )ardiy be conceived at the North—resolately perse" $70,319 40 ne pen STG Beg ene and well held.. ‘varieties of animals, among which are soyeral of the fa- aly Fine domestic fancy woollens were also in , vere in their refusal to consume Northern goods’ ment, Fiannels were in good supply and stocks aseort- SxS ocean ‘The room was crowded with most select and atten- | and deprive themselves, for a few months only, of $4,060 18 thout of i lt . The officers presid wore :—Goorge e ri ¢ . if ing, moment in prices Fokom, Esq. Chairman ;, T. Ww. Take Eq, Secretary; | the Northern manufactares which they now pur- ‘The following is a statement of the earnings of ne rn & as fe! Bastions aes yey a it inte Tana li present. chase of us, the North would have to pay the | the Buffalo, New York and Erie Railroad (Buffalo | event were in the way of ‘opened and P South, between this and next lst September, about | +) Corning) for the month of December, 1859, | ‘ taceh Se neath, Heeb enneae 5 wet E this time Dr. Cahill on Astronomy, one hundred and fifty millions of specie. To what | compared with the same month of last year:— he opening of the spring trade. ene FOURTH AND LAST LECTURE. condition this would reduce Northern banks, bank- Dec., 1968. Dec., 1859. ttatilbinaiaaaeNNEE ‘The concluding lecture of the Rev. Dr. Cahill in his ab- | ers and merchants it is needlees to explain. It | Passengers . - $11,038 69 9,064 73. CITY COMMERCIAL REPORT. breviated astronomical course, was delivered before an | would be paying pretty dear, at any rate, forthe | bine sources, 2... sr88 88 eet 17 | semm.—small sales of pots wore made at 86 35, aad of overflowing audience at the Academy of Music lasteven- | ventilation of the humanitarian theories of a few Pry orw4 ==, | Pearls at $5 3734. pg. The fame which the talented and reverend gentle- Total......seeeeseeres + --848,608 51 45,076 32 Breapsrvvrs.—Flour—The market was without change crazy philosophers and impractical politicians. The exchange market continues depressed, though a tair business was done to-day on the basis of 108} a 1093 for bankers’ 60 day bills on London, and 109} a4 for short sight. Franca range from 5.174 to 5.183 for 60 days, and 5.15 a 5.164 for short sight. There are plenty of Southern bills in mar- 100 Reading Railroad 413¢ ket atthe usual reduction from these rates, Itis | 1000 Er RE 2mibsext te a hardly necessary to add that there will be no ex- ou 7 Bese port of specie to-morrow. Exchange on New York at New Orleans has Tow Grate aug risen from 1} to 3 discount. At this rate it will not | 16 shs Bank of Com., pay to send specie South from here, and | ‘to yeyraitan te, hence, until exchange falls again, our ship- ments of gold to New Orleans may be con- sidered as having ceased. The rate of exchange on New York at Chicago is now 12 premium—suili- ciently in favor of this city to draw specie, if there were any in the West to come. For the present, therefore, the domestic exchanges are working satisfactorily. A marked change took place in the Steck Mar- ket to-day. The demand for money being active, in the morning, stocks opened without much acti- vity at yesterday’s closing prices, but ag the cal) man bas gained for himself since bis arrival in America, by his brilliant talenta and diverajfied information, has been spread abroad through the agency of the press, and the longer he stays in the city the larger will his au diences become. As it happens, however, circumstances immediately call him away. The lecture last evening was highly instructive and entertaining, and was intend- ed to demonstrate the power of the telescope in magnify. ing objects, The reverend gentleman first directed atten- tion to the anatomy of the human eye, explaining tha’ the diameter is about three-quarters of an inch, and that this is known as the axis of the eye. The extraordinary mechanism of this part of the body, he eloquently dis- coursed upon. If there be any organ that brings us near to apd makes us like the Creator himself, it is the eyo. Its wonderful organwm was, indeed, a La} fit for the highest degree of scientific and philosophical contempla. tion, and the illustrations of the Doctor were perfect in covery respect. He then proceeded from this basis to the moré immediate branches of his subject, and showed how an object by distance loses all light Ia this copnection he gave some interesting what is known as perspective by artists and painters. Light, be explained, radiates from the centre in ht lines. Near the centre an object will appear in full light, Dut as it increases in distance, the object naturally loses alliight. What had long been considered as ™ Saeed light, bad ee nat sana & — acope to be ap aggre: it just, aD this afore Se, thus resolved billions of systems int one. Astronomers are now convinced that there is no flocky light, as hitherto believed, but granular light made Steck Exchange. Faipay, Jan. 6, 1860. $2000 Missouri6’sexd 79% 100 shs NY! B15 7355 19% 50 do..,...820 7 703g +100 Erie Raitroad.... ia 83 50 Harlem Raliroad. 9 1500 N Y Cen 68... 90% 8Second ARRexdiv 98 2500 N Y Cen RR 7’s 100 SESRRBSEss g Fe Fe $1 45 from store, and asmail lot of choice white Ken- Rye was nominal at 80c. a 90c. Sales of 5,000 bu-hels barley were made (guod Western) at 83c. Corn was held so firmly as to cl Bales, whieh em- braced 5,000 bushels, at 86340. a Bic. for Jersey i, 88c. @ 800. for Southern yellow, and §33,¢ a S4c. for Jer sey New white. Oats were heavy and quict We quete- ‘Western at 453¢c. a 46c., and State and Canadian at 46c. a 46340. The following table from G. W. Cuttiog’s circular gives: the receipts and exports of flour and grain at this port, for the week ending to-day. Receipts for week ending: up from billisns of guns appearing as one light. On this | progressed a demand sprang up, which the offer- do. January 6:—~— abstruse part of bis subject Dr. Cahill was very crrtg re: | ings of the bears did not supply. After the board, BECOND BOARD ee ae parted. ‘He made a simple experiment with a copper | ® small advance took place, which was fol- +. 8B; By railroad....... 6,549 — 1,284 2,634 8,363. farthing, which he placed in a basin 2, causa water 10 be | lowed by @ further rise in the afternoon, and Other sources..... 8,320 2,684 "468 22,232 21,688. e re- ss ran Spare hear a fraction of ight. vA poreon standing at a hort dis the whole market closed firm at a considera. Total...........84,858 2,684 1,703 14,866 25,058 tance could not sce the farthing at the bottom of the basin, but when the water was poured on he clearly saw it. The magnifying power of telescopic and microscopic in- strumepts was then reverted to, and the lecturer at great pains, and with mucb perspicuity, went through some of the most interesting facts in patural philosophy. The logarithmic, trigonometrical mode of calculation was explained and made easy to the simplest mind ; nor were the efforta of the reverend gentleman to explain the erratic nature of the movements of the cometa @ whit less successful. his accounts of microscopic examinations of animalcule were, indeed, re- ete with interest and the soundest information; and as it would necessarily take @ course of at least twelve lec. tures to enable him to comple his full astronomical course ble improvement. Central sold as low as 73} at the opening, but advanced to 74}, closing 74} bid, against 733 at the close yesterday. Rock Island sold as high as 634, buyer’s option, closing 62§ bid for cash, against 61} yesterday. Panama sold at 1273, closing 127 bid, against 1254 at the close yes- | 100 on nm ora aa a py at ae Ra terday. Galena was injuriously affected by the re- & 4 |” Corroy.—The sales footed up about 1,500 bales, incind. port of the December earnings, which foot up THE DRY GOODS TRADE. Gide vaaser triceceabae ren ng with steadiness, $82,987, against $87,062 same month of 1858; the | ‘The following is » comparative statement of the imports Further tales of raisins were toad Frere —! of raisins were made at $2 85 for stock sold down to 623, closing 63 bid, against 63} | of foreign dry goods at New York for the week ending | ™. N's, and a4 $3 6224 for Inyers. ‘REIGHTS.—To Liver! Exports of flour and grain from New York, for the week ending January 4:—To Great Britain, 2,974 bois. flour, 30,066 bushels wheat; British provinces aud other- Places, 16,459 bbis. flour, 5,23 bushels wheat, 1,980 do. corn. ‘Total, 16,433 bbla. flour, 36,068 bushels ‘whoat, 1,980 do. corn. Corvex.—The market was quiet and sales wore light: 50° 600 bbls. rosin were engage® it will at once be seen how great and varied must be his at the close yesterday. Thus, for the first time in | January 6, 1860:— at 28.; 160 bbls. ofl cuke at 208., and 200 tons information; and the public, or at least that portion the Toland Fo he 868. 850. “! a) log wood, which have formed his audieboes, must regret that he is | ‘Weir history, we believe, the Rock ares | serad‘at ie port.. S040 LgTLstO 1,902,863 | Ger'6d abd 400’ Dole pork. a 'Se. Sd, Tee See as not permitted to lead them through the vust and illimita- | are } per cent higher than those of the Galena. The | qghrown on market.. 496.810 1/181,527 ‘1,257,761 | steamer, 260 tons logwood were dat p.t. A ship: die field of astronomical science on which he has yet been scarcely able to enter, having only crossed the mighty threshold of the geography of the heavens in the four beautiful prefatory lectures which have been s0 en- thusiasiically received. During the whole of these lectures, we have observed that there have never been more apparently appreciative audiences assembled inthe Academy of Music. Dr. Cahill was applauded to “the very echo, that did applaud decline in the Galena’s receipts forthe last two weeks of the year was expected by the friends of the property. December and January are always light months on that road; in 1857, December yield- ed $86,635; in 1858, $87,082; in 1859, $82,987. Michi- gan Southern guaranteed advanced 4 per cent; the By the above table it will be perceived that the entries of dry goods, as well as the amount thrown upon the market, the past week, are materially less than they were for the previous week; nevertheless they were in excess of those for the corresponding period in the two preceding years. terns. a . For ure in retail lote it quoted Al $1 185 a $1 26 per 100 Ibs. = Hines —The market has been quite active this week, an advance of 1c. per ib. on last week's rates, the mar- ket closing firm et the advance. The receipts have been & ain,” but yet order and decorum were full _ | Amnexed will be found tables giving the classifica. | Y°tY light, comprising only 4.000 bides from foreign Mea ig Zet, er And decorum, ere uly | December earnings foot up $149,978, against $130,- | , Annexsd wil be found lion giving We clssitcs, | The rtock hes been reduced thi week about 20,000 727; increase $10,251, which would have been $8,000 more but for an amount received last year from the Michigan Central, which went to swell the monthly receipts. State stocks are lower and dull. Sales have been:—600 Buenos Ayres at 26c., 6 mos. ; te derful mechanism of the human eye, and the immense magnifying power of the telescope, he informed bis bearers that astronomers have with their market, warechoused and withdrawn, by which it will be en le eanene men 8 2%s., do.; seen that the entries of woollen fabrics amounted to $91,- ie ida do ; 3,00 729, cotton do. to $718,843, alike $173,600, flax $80,409, | &e., do.; 0,000 California, to arrive, Ze./6 mos.; migcollaneous Central America, 2c. seen suow in the north pole of Mara—white and ‘10 $87,538:— 1 dos 4500 we v4 Rts. glistening in the flerceness of its winters, and yellowish m the warmer seasons—there were numbers Entered 3,000 do. Rio 5 impreseed with great surprise and astonishment. The In view of the condition of politics and the pros- Packages. Vi Package. Value. now was steady, with smal) sales of Scotch pig afloat; wndersof the momory of man were then very fuliy dis. pect of fresh issues by Missouri, Tennessee, Virgi- 16 $19,743 aes nd from yard at $36, at mix a fecture by. Condialy returaiig thanks to fhe audience ama | nia, &c., the temptation to buy State stocks is not ie Pee 3 aire but prices are @hchanged, and the stoxk remains about. to the people of New York for the very friendly and hos- | strong. The following were the closing quotations 2 8,390 48 21,974 the same. Receipts fair. le manner in which he had been received by them, .. 0 . 4 97 27,781 1 ‘Lyce was stead: Cher Rea uncha with fair sales pod in warmly tendering to the press of this city his sin’ | Of the day:—Virginia 6’s, 90} a 91; Missouri 6's, 79 25 22)186 28 33,20 | of common, at 7bc.. and of lump a: $1 18. cere acknowledgments for the notices which their kind. | a}; Canton Company, 16} 17; Cumberland Coal 41 16,324 = Braidskbdg. 2t 13,725 | | Motsnas—Sales 190 bbls. New Urieans new crop wero ness, he said, had Jed them to extend to him. He stated lows to arrive at eame figure. A emall lot of common Cuba sold 00. Naval Srores —The market for most descriptions was and nominal. Sales of 160 a 200 bbis. spirits tar- pentine were made at ddc. a 443¢c. Ons.—Linseed was steady and in fair demand, with 613 +, 8. & cotton. 16 preferred, 13}; Pacific Mail, 753 a 3; New York 40L * Raw........ 14t Central, 744 a 4; Erie, 8j a}; Hudson River, 42} 4; Harlem, 9 « 4; Harlem preferred, 333 a 34; Read- ing, 423 a };. Michigan Central, 373.84; Michigan hig intention to leave immediately for the South—then to Canada—then perhaps back to Ireland—then, if he lives, once more to return to Atmerica—when hopes to finish this course of lectures eT epg’ A ye ln As an example of to hoe re popularity on continent, ‘wo may state that ready received invitations to | Sonthern and Northern Indiana, 6ja4; Michigan ee Sees ae igit one hundred and fourteen cities and towns. - " iq Pro —Pork—Prices rather ‘ Steen ‘sacanon oats ans: | Sontbern and Northern Tadians' guaranteed, 1 « marae aa ear mee ea saluted wit! mendous applause, and raising lass of '; Panama, ; Illinois Central, ° fu ‘mees at & 16 25; pri 11 50a Bt ‘wine to his Lipe he drank ihe health o thee audience in| esa aerarcpye ) 68h a 8; Ger 6234 m $17 25 for meee. ibebvyreued sxios tite lena and Chicago, 63 a 3; Cleveland and Toledo, 20 a $; Chicago and Rock Island, 623 a 63. The Sub-Treasury receipts on account of Treasury notes are light; we presame Mr. Cobb is not press- ing the takers for money, so long as Congress fails to organize. The receipts for duties to-day were heavy. The business of the day was as follows:— was heavy ed, being confined to about 300 bdbis., count mees at $50 $5 25; re) ed We tan ereee Me, the midst of applause, loud, hearty and vnanimous, which hearts. fostern at and extra at $10 600 $11 50. nad nl can alone proceed from genuine and noble Beef hams were stead, sales of 60 bbis. at $12 600 $15; prime mess waa quiet at $18 a $19 60. India was firm, with sales of 100 bis. India Chicago on private terms. Bacon was steaty and firm. Cut meats were in fair demand, with sales of 175 bhds and tierces, including ehoulders at 63¢¢. a 63{c. , and hams at 934c. Lard was heavy and easier, with sales. of 300 bbls. at 10}fc. a 105¢c. Batter and cheese wero City Politics. MEETING OF THE YOUNG MEN'S DEMOCRATIC UNION CLUB. ‘The members of this club held a meeting last evening at the Mercer House, corner of Broome and Mercer streets. The President, H. P. Carr, had the chair. The | Total receipts. $343,035 88 steady and in fair demand from the trad attendance was not comparatively large. The club, not | —For customs 232,000 00 Rice.—Sales of about 150 tierces. were made at 3c. A Total payments a dye. having held a meeting this fall past, met last evening for Balanc StGars were firm, but sales were moderate, and em- the purpose of taking preliminary measures for the con- etruction of their programme of action for the ensuing campaign of 1860. The business transacted last evening, however, amonuted chiefly to the formation of a special Committee to choose a suitable room for the future meet- ings of the club, in some building farther up town and braced about 20a $00 hhds, Cuba, mainly within the range of 7c. & 73<¢.; 200 boxes common grades, refining: goods, at 7c., apd 700 do. do, for refining, at 73z0. ‘Tonacco —The demand is better, and good quality of alt sorts is on the advance: 42 bhds. Kentucky, at 7c, @ 9)40.; 444 bales Havenaa, at 250. a 38c.; 109 do, Cuba, at. ‘The year commences with a heavy import of dry goods—$1,562,000 for the first week of the year, against $1,271,000 same week of 1859, and $501,000 same week of 1858. At this rate, especially if the werebonhpeaner BT the text eee a en ommiltee | Southern market fails, there will be heavy losers P phtcore res san ooanaees athe more important business of political tactics and stratagem | Somewhere before the year ends. Woon —Market dull this week, and peng ame Hold- will be fully opened and acted upon. ers are firm, however, in view of a better demand after- tbe suction sale on the 12th inst , at Boston. We hai Shing to report in the way of sale. 2 Intis doing sano jealers from tirst hands. As prices we make no change. " aa OUR FAMILY MARKET REVIEW. The Erie Company have given notice that, asa sufficient namber of persons have agreed to the plan of reorganization to render its adoption cer- tain, they will extend the time for other parties to come in and avail themselves of its advantages till The New Silvor Mines of the Sicrra Nevada. ‘The following letter to Mr. William H. Davidge, of this city, relative to the newly discovered silver mines on the ‘ 4 Sierra Nevada, between Walker's river and Honey Lake | Ist February. We have received from that compa- Ribbons. 4 ‘Now that the winter holidays have passed the business Valley, gives @ very favorable account of the yield, and { ny a tabular statement of their business for the | Sa#s-.. Be in or city markets has become more settled, and the Fepreeents it as exceedingly rich In the precious metal, | year ending 30th September last; wo have only | Wool Prices for almost every kind of domestic market pro- which is scarcely less valuable than gold. Webad an op- | space for the following extract: — ‘Woollens.,, 18 $11,293 duce have assumed a standard or more settled point. portunity of inspecting a piece of the ore extracted from . Carpeting. 30,736 All kinds of fresh meats remain at about the same prices the mines, and it appears te be a very fine specimen, hav- | GT0ss earnings year ending 7M, 1880. $4,480,140 32 100 bee as our last quotations. Poultry and game are arriving in ing delicate veins of gold as well as silver running 'd. 62 164 good supply, rather exccedin; mand, through it, Subjoined is the letter:— arom ob s+. 9 "S00 ete ane San FRancrace, Nov. 19, 1859. 3 att Wx. H. Davos Bs ee ee Go, New York: Bee of the discovery of a vast silver Tine, unt we are terns —— well satistiod of tts tra to this State and the world Us $86, ag eee ge ee etme of 169 ryt miners August, on Of the Serra Nevada mountains, bordering 38 fon ae oe ee ae o inks Velloy Lenore bem We below. We make the following quotations of retail tn past a mall stage tri-weeity, from Pacerrille othe = bens naar Souk, 36s: por 0; ocler Monee Oink Aeighborhood of the mineasay withis tenor twonty males 1,915,424 28 2c, 200; rump do, H4e.; uck roast, 10c. a 12e.; corn= 114 miles, which is mado by stage in two -$510,587 10 Morrbs.—Muttor ‘chope, 126. por Th.; hind quarters,. Gays. The journey from Unis oity #8 accom, im three | The exchanges at the Bank Clearing House this et Bd raters hag Jamb, 120, ‘main lead or vein has boen prospected a distance of | Morning were $22,976,212 43, and the balances 3 mi ee itdag thirty alx millee, and the ore $1,395,710 13, ; ae ne Poxx.—Freeh pork, 1c. per I.; salted pork, do; Rams, The following dividends hove been declared:— 16, wide; shoulders, idea abs sider) 1030 Ie: we been sunk twenty te thirty feet in without 3 fading is depth. “Tuo ore, however, grows richor ua toy | The Gebhard Fire Insurance, semi-annaal dividend ersten Sates Dae Be Sees tans ano ave already received Sty or sixty tons of the ore, of five per cent, payable on demand; the Mer- in eee rk Jaré, 100, 8 33 (ae oven $6,000 pec ton, which may appear inoredibie to you, yg cage girs rs apecy sheets, Iie. a of ten per cent, payable on the 10th instant; the Resolute Fire Insurance Company, semi-annual in* terest dividend of three and a half per cent, pay. able on demand; the Mechanics and Traders’ Fire Insurance Company, a semi-annual dividend of ten per cent, payable ,on the 10th instant; the New Amsterdam Fire Insurance Oompony, a semi- annual dividend of eight per cent, payable on de- mand; the Aitna Insurance Company of Hartford, ® semfannual dividend of six per cent upon the present capital of $1,500,000; the Second Avenue Railroad Company, a quarterly divided of two per mountains, bat next the amount which will be taken from these mines will astenish the world. FORBES & BABCOCK, Agents. Tama ror Oxz—On tho same day that Wiso one Brown out of spire La ‘Tuanes Riven Croamp.—Tho Thames Fiver is frozen over ont ‘above Sew London, Coon. cent, payable on the 16th instant, at the office of vow. robe memeantbaatt ar meme eo O'Brien, 29 Wall stale: care etic) FINANCIAL AND COMMERCIAL. | wre pesuensg: nieactin Teporte:— Bremen... eo Frinay, Jan. 6—6 P.M. There is more money offering to-day, but rates ‘We yesterday published the amount of coiuage at the Mint, in this city, in December. Daring the same . 958,019 froma 1» $2,785; and il the deposits were—gold, $178,499 tho Pike’s Poak region); silver, ' total, $240,917. reion) ver se0 the "lapdac ou: are still 7 per cent on call, 7.98 for the very best | “olmuse st the Mint were as follows:— thort acceptances, and 8a 10 for first claas long 1,462,271 business paper. The accumalation of over seven 048 9: a $3 25 bbl; common, milicha in the Sub Treasury at a period when, ac- Be Ines nnd pliseatargy 83 boc cd: Baker eS e, a to the best calculations, that department ie Oia Seanbestics, Ue-' Mc. quart; crab 0: half was only expected to hold three or four, is now os a? bave to fall back upon Now York {i s . i cat ts ; It will be observed that Dusiness flor their supphiee. choice quality lady Soa $10 bhi, Newo be cya cue te pron eingeny wou AS hee NS | Sad to sabe ant pean, | pete gem tween non 5 ‘