The New York Herald Newspaper, November 12, 1859, Page 4

4 NEW YORK HERALD. JAmMms GORDON EDITUR AND PROPRY perils %. W. CORNER OF NASSAU AND POULTON 6T&. FARMS, cash in vdeancs, Money vent by mail wits be at the wich of th° tender” Prstuge starnpe not recrive? aa sntacriptiom FE) pares Stra LD, we com a emma A LD, 4 conte - my; the European Weteantan. i pee aannin to any part of Great Britain. Continent both to indade postage; the inn the ith cmd MA Of ae emonth id ka hens “PRALD om Walnentay, at fom ele po "Botuntant (ORKESPONDSNOR, containing enporsim ewe, solledtad from aay of the world: Uf ‘set, will be iherally pul fin BGP 0K FoumiGe CORRESTONUENTS Aer Pacwsovcauty Reo mere eo Smab ut avo Pace ty fected mum nboattons. TISE EEN PS renewed every dom; * Aan a the Wave Y Uenaid, Pam and in the ns ‘with neames, cheaprese and de parted purek, Sevees NOs S14 AMUSEMENTS THIS EVANING. AGADENY OF MUSTO, Fourteenth street —Tratas Ore. Ba—Matinee ot Une o'Clock—I'nw BIGULIAN Verses, NUBIO'S GARDEN, Rrvadwar.—taise Lion-——te oxo Out or PLict—Laresg prom Naw Your, a ‘ WREY THEATRE, = or Daruie—Mr. ee Para Ware—tas Dear Insane Ur WINTES GARDEN, Broadway, opposite Fond erect — WAGLACK’R THEATRES, Broadway.—Wesor Astors— To Pane any Bacx. LAURA ERENK'S THEATRE, 63 Sroadway—Wrre’s Svoaet—Jerxy Lixp. MEW BOWERY THEATRE, Sownry.—Afternoon. Urce Toss tan. Rvening—Daeo—Forry axa Furr— 4 Fora Casiva—State Scars. i THRATRE FRANCAIS, Cove—Quano 1’ Amovx § BARNUM'S AMERICAN MUFEUM, Broadway.—After. noon—FooxruNG oy rie Fouesr, Eveniag—Fouxouna oF tum Forrs—Rrvat. Paces. WOOD'S MINSTRELS, 444 Broadway.—Ermrorux Somos, Dances, &c.—Mask Bait 85 Broadway —Greoroum A LA rw BRYANS@ MINSTRELS, Mechanics Hall, «72 Broadway.— Bornes at Paaions. NIBLOB BALLOON, Brondway.—Guo. Cremrr's Mrx- Brees ut Sones, Dances, Bueesqums, 40.—iack Bion DEBS. NRW OPERA HOUSE, 720 Broadway —Matino: at Two @Clock—DRs TON 8 PaR.ow Granas axD Lreio Peoreuss, Now York, Saturday, November 12, 1859, The News. The steamahip Tennessee has arrived at New Or- leans with Vera Craz dates to the Sth inst. The news is important, The expedition of the liberals { under Mejia against Tehuacan, Orizaba and Cordo- va, had proved a disastrous failure. Mejia, without firing a gan, lost 600 men, 1,000 muskets and 12 cannon, which were captnred by Gen. Minon with- out the loss of a single soldier. Marqu'za has per- formed a brilliant coup. He undertook to escort #2,800000 in specie to Tepic, but appropriated $600,000 of it to himself, detained the balance of the money at Guanajuato, and issued a pronuncia- ‘miento in favor of Santa Anna. The British and French Ministers of course protested against the conduct of Marqniza. Miramon had left the capital, accompanied by four aids, with the avowed object of collecting troops to pursue Marquiza, but it ‘was supposed that he intended to divide the plua- der with the traitor. The liberals were greatly en- couraged by this turn of affairs. Cen. Degallado | had defeated “Alford,” and entered Guanajuato with 5,000 men, and from thence pushed on to at- tack Woll at Legros. Accounts from Tampico to the Ist inst. state that Gen. Marquis had held a council of war, which de- termined to evacuate Guadalajara and retreat. From the Rio Grande we learn that the citizens of Brownsville were in great alarm, as the Mexican outlaws threatencd to destroy the town and murder he inbabitanta. The bandits had attacked the city of Rio Grande and pillaged every house in the place. The bark Emily arrived at this port yesterday, in charge of Lieut. Stevens and a prize crew, from the coast of Africa, where she was seized by the United States sloop-of-war Portsmouth, on suspicion of being engaged in tho slave trade. When cap- | tured she had on board a quantity of lumber, | several bags of salt, a large quantity of mashed rice, and other articles. There were also on board two gentlemen—an American and a Spaniard— who claimed to be passengers, but who are alleged to be the owners of the vessel. The captain of the Emily, the two passengers and nine of the crew were yesterday handed over to the custody of the United States Marshal, and fully committed. ‘An examination will probably be held to-day. The Emily sailed from this port during the latter end of June last for Loango. Our Havana correspondent, writing on the 2d of November, farnisbes details of the news telegraph- ed from New Orleans after the arrival of the De Soto. The Spavish Bank, of Havana, had curtailed its discount transactions slightly for two weeks, closing with $2,719, 338 in specie in its vaults on the previous Saturday. Mrs. Mary Herbert, wife of Captain Herbert, of Gardiner, Me., died in Havana on the Slat of October. A pleasing and cooling borther prevailed. Accounts from Bermnda state that the bark An- telope, from New York for Barbadocs, was wreck- ed on Bermnda reefs on the 17th ult. The most of her cargo was saved. We have advices from Utah to the 2Ist ult, but there is no news of importance. ‘The business transacted in the Board of Council- men on Thureday was entirely of a routine natare, the resolutions and reports presented having been laid over for subsequent action. A motion to dis- charge the Ruilroad Committee from the farther consideration of resolution proposing to allow the Hndson River Railroad Company to lay down four sets of rails was lost. A communication was sub- mitted by the Comptroller, giving a summary of expenditures on city accounts from January to October, amounting in the aggregate to $14,771, 622 G4. The President has issued a call for a special meeting to be held this (Saturday) evening at five o'clock. The Police Commissioners held their usual week- ly meeting yesterday afternoon. Jobn Holland and John Beam, of the old force, were reinstated. The General Superintendent was requested to report to the District Attorney all liquor places reported found open on election day, and those violating the Election laws. At the next meeting of the Board alarge number of the old force will, it is under- stood, be reinstated. ‘The case of Dr. John Wilson, who was arrested the day before yesterday, charged with an attempt to murder his wife by means of chloroform, was to have been proceeded with yesterday before Alder- man Brady at the City Hall Police Court, bat was postponed till Monday, owing to the prisoner hav- ing been attacked with severe epileptic fits while being conveyed to court for examination. The case will come up at three o'clock on Monday afternoon. The work of raising the wrecked steamer New ‘World has so far met with but partial success, not- withstanding the extraordinary mechanical ap- Pliances brought into operation, it is doubtful whether the bull can be moved until all the state- fooms and upper works have been taken off. Jadge Kemp, who was elected to the bench at the tecent election in Maryland, has written a letter to the Governor of that State, declining to accept his ¢ommission, on the groand that the olection was ao 4itiated by force and fraud as to afford no test what- ever of the popular choice. ‘The sales of cotton yesterday embraced about 3,000 bales, including 2,206 in transitu, The market closed on NEW YORK HRRAL the bavie of 1150. for middting uplands. Flour was in speculative demand and gales active, with some parchases for export, The market claset at an advaues of abut Se 4100, per bbI, Canadian aud Southora brants wore #16 Urmer and tn good demand, Wheat was firm aud in specalative request, with a fair milling demand, Tae sales were frecly Made ab quotations given in another piace, Corn was firmer, while sales wore moilerae Pork was heavy, with sales of moss at $16 a $15 1244, and wt $10 60 for prime. Beef was steady, aud prices an- changed. Lard was stiff, Sugars wore quite firm, with sales of about 1,200 hhds. and 263 boxes, at rates given to another place. Coffee was firm, while sales wore limtted, Freight cagagements wore moderate, while rates wero sustained. Important Political Movement—Edward Bates, of Miaseuri, in the Ropubiwan Camp. We publish today, from one of our St Louis exchanges, an “authoritative exposition of the povition of Edward Bates (of Missourt) on the slavery question,” from which it wiil be seen that Le is fairly in the field for the suffrages of the republican party as a Presidential can«i- date, His position is thus clearly defined, be- cause, a3 it ia urged in bis behalf, while Mr. Bates ‘ie not 4 candidate for the Presidency, .and will not seem, by publishiog letters un asked, to he courting attention to, his riews;” yet “should he be-a candidate-he will étand upon no juggle, like the Cincinnati platférm, with its ambiguous and double readings.” Accordingly, we find the opinions of Mr. Katies on slavery thus broadly classified:—He lelieves that “slavery is not beneficial, socialty, politically or religiously;” that “its extension is unconstitutional, except by affirmative legis- tetion;” that “the distinction between slave and otber property is coeval with the govern- ment;” that “slavery is not established by the federal constitution, but only by the local } ? law;” that “the principle of the Kansas Ne- # braska bill renders the introduction of slavery | into the Territories impossible;” that “the ques- tion of slavery extension is no longer before the people;” that the Fugitive Slave law should be respected, &c., and that the free blacks, hav- ing become “a grievous auisance to every State of the Union,” should be colonized in some other country under the auspices of the gene- ral government. Such is the present Presidential platform of Mr. Bates. The reader who remembers his “old line whig” letter of last summer to Hiram Ketcbum, of the “Old Line Whig” Correspond- ing Committee of this city, will perceive that upon the main question Mr. Bates has been wonderfully illuminated since the late North- ern and Southern elections. And, having given up the “old line whigs,” as fossils laid upon the shelf among the relics of a past age, and baving witnessed the late “dissolving views” of the rump of the American party, the ques- tion arises, what are the prospects of Mr. Bates in the republican camp? The great drawback to the republican party in a Presidential movement is its sectional character, and iis greatest difficulty, in view of the campaign of 1860, is the selection of such a candidate as will meet the anti-slavery demands of the party, and servo, at the same time, to give it what Mr. Webster denominated “an odor of na- tionality.” To this end the peculiar claims of such conservative old line whigs as Mr. Bates, John Bell, and Mr. Crittenden, have been heretofore urged upon the republican party. But they have been at once discarded, on the plea that not one of these men could bring a solitary Southern State to his support, while every one of them, from his convenient, compromising notions on slavery, would be apt to swamp the republican party in half the Northern States. But now, Mr. Bates having made this discovery, upon the basis of the late Northern and Southern elections, and having come over into the republican camp, he be- comes, from his geographical position as a citizen of Missouri, a Southern slaveboldieg State, the most available republican candidate on this important ground of nationality. The nomination by the republicans of Ed- ward Bates, of Missouri, an “old line whig,” as | their Presidential standard bearer, would, how- | ever, have a “twofold operation.” While, upon its face, such a ticket would show that it was not a sectional affair, and while it would bring over to its support, perhaps, a host of “old line whigs” and conservative anti-Seward Know Nothings, Mr. Bates has been fore- warned that, having aided and abetted the Fillmore movement of 1856, which defeated the republican party, he caanot ex- fo our commerce and navigation cannot be doubted, Tn this point of view the question of buttoas has no earthly importance, and it would be better for all conoerned in it to em- ploy their time in studying the details of their arduous, avd dangerous, and honorable profés sion, thaa is newspaper squabbles abvut ab- surd (ecbnicalities. A Common Sense View of Huropean Com- plications—Lbduts Napoleon's Posicion in them, The tone of affairs in Europe, as presented in the concise synopsis of nearly a week's lar news, received yesterday by way of New- foundiand, is more decided than has of late been the case in our European advices, Louis Napoleon bas written a letter to the King of Sardinia markedly supporting the Villafranca agreement, and urging that the banished l’riuces bball be restored to the duchies; Guribaldi has been enthusiastically received at Turin; Spain bas virtually declared war against Morocou; the Zurich conferences are on the eve of cen- cluding the remaining treaties of peace, and it is confidently expected that England will come into the arrangement for a general congress. In all this the puzale seems te be the posi- ton of Louts Napoleon towards Austria, the Ttalian question, and the Spanish war against Morecco, if we were to give heed to the out- pourings of the Eogitsh press, we should ac- cept Louis Napoleon as the greut political vil- lain of Europe, and then, indeed, the whole web of Kuropean affairs would become a snarl, and its disontangling a riddle past finding out. But if we set aside the prejudiced and one sided etatements of the English press, and give the French Emperor simply credit for common honesty, we think the whole plan of affairs will become plain, ex- cept 80 far as they are made tortuous and un- certain by the blind clinging of the dynasties and aristocracies to antiquated and wero out systems, Louis Napoleon inherited from the revolution and the republic the necessity of re- storing order in France and preserving it in Italy. They left him a dangerous army at home and a French garrison in Rome, After saving France from the perils of red republi- caniam on one side and military anarchy on the other, tho time arrived for him to solve the Italian problem. It was neither decorous nor prudent that the tyranny of the Pope should always be kept up by French bayonets, nor could Italy be safely left to the rule of Austrian dragoons. To doso would only provoke im- mediate revolution, which might involve all Europe in its fumes, ‘The only course for him to pursue was te de- clare that the nationalities must be satisfied. and that Italy must be free. Austria resisted this plain common sense view of the subject, and war ensued. When his antagonist was nearly driven from the Peninsula, Louis Napoleon found that the dynasties of Europe would not give him credit for the good that was in him, and were endeavoring to rouse the nations against him az they had done against his uncle fifty years ago. He stopped short at Villafranca in his victorious career, accepted the partial pro- gress he had made, and vexed the tyrants more in making peace than be had donein making war. Now he endeavors honestly to carry out his pledge at Villafranca. He urged the people of the Duchies to receive again their exiled Dukes. They would not. He now writes to Victor Emmanuel to urge the same thing. The King of Sardinia may do this, and yet the people may refuse. Whatthen? Louis Napoleon has ful- filled his compact, and it rests with Europe to decide whether Austria shall be permitted to restore their rule by force, and thus bring the whole Continent to the verge of revolution. Next, his troops must be withdrawn from their anomalous position in Rome, and he asks the Pope whether he shall leave there anarchy and terror, or peace. As the head of the Christian church, the Pope ehould lean to the side of peace and humility. But he will not. The Roman Catholic hierarchy is arrogant and oppressive. Common honesty on the part of Louis Napoleon prevents his siding with the Pope. The war of Spain wgainst Morocco is a natu- ral war. For centuries the conflict between Christian and Moor has gone on. The pirates of Algiers have been driven from their nests, but those of the Riff coast still continue to plunder and enslave every mariner that the tempest throws upon their shore; the Spanish settlements at Ceuta and Melilla are constantly pect, in 1869, to take the precedence of such faithful republicans as Seward, Chase, Banks and others. The Chevalier Webb, of the Cou- rier, whose special duty it is to look after the interests of Seward, flatly says that if the re- publican convention of 1860 should nominate any such Fillmore disorganizer as Bates, he will be defeated by the republican party, and will deserve defeat. This St. Louis manifesto in behalf of Mr. Bates, however, must first be ventilated by our republican organs before we can undertake to predict the consequences. We regard it as another proof of the approaching “irrepressible conflict” between the North and South for the Presidential succession, and a proof, too, of the final dissolution of the late scattered fragments of the “old line whig” and American parties. Mr. Bates may be regarded as a thorn in the side of Seward; but, if we mistake not, his ac- cession will be a windfall to the republican party greater than the loss of “Old Brown.” Tat Question or Buttoxs.—-A short time ago we printed a communication from a lientenant in the Navy of the United States, complaining of the indiscriminate use of the button which distinguishes an official supporter of our flag on the sea over and above ordinary mortals. The lieutenant was seriously exercised in his mind because certain young gentlemen of the Coast Survey are in the habit of sporting semi-naval uniforms on Broadway, and sometimes going upon sailor frolics with all the buttons dis- played. It seems that the naval button is as sacred as that of a Chinese mandarin, at least in the opinion of “officers of the line.” In an- swer to this we have received several commu- nications from officers of the lead, defining their exact position on the Coast Survey. According to our invariable rule—fair play for all hands — we have given each side a hearing; and there, 80 far as we are concerned, tho matter is at an end. The questions of a distinct uniform for Coast Survey officers, of their pay, their con- duct on ship or shore, and their relative posi- tion with officers of the line of the navy, is a matter for the consideration of the government. We believe, however, that the country fally appreciates the services of the officers and men connected with the Coast Survey Depart- ment, and that they are exceedingly important annoyed by their attacks, and the oldest com- merce of the European world—that of the Medi- terranean with the Atlantic—has a hostile mar- gin, along the verge of which it has sailed in fear for centuries. Out of this state of things has grown the irritation of nearly every coun- try in Europe for a long time past. England bas often threatened, France bombarded Tan- giers years ago, Prince Adalbert of Prussia was sorely wounded on landing there, and Spain during her years of weakness has suf- fered a contumelious neighbor. She is now recovering her strength, and she follows the course tbat should have been followed long ago. Louis Napoleon feels the truth of her argument, and he approves her action. Be- sides, it keeps a bigotted Catholic Power from complicating the affairs of Europe by en- deavoring to support the Pope in his unchris- tianlike claim to temporal honors and spoils. Under this common sense view Louis Napo- leon’s position towards the other Powers of Europe, is plain and simple, and worthy of all praise, Parr Versus Browx—A Noven CaALLENcn.— We print elsewhere a communication sent to us by a somewhat noted character, Mr. Heary Clay Pate, once a war chief among the border ruffians of Kansas, and an old acquaintance of Old Brown. In this letter the writer draws a comparison between the moral character of Brown and his own, much to the advantage of the latter, and challenges an anonymous cor- respondent from this city, not to coffee and pistols for two, as might be imagined, but to a rostrum controversy on the relative merits of Pate and Brown. As the public would be sure to feel a most intense intorest on this subject, Mr. Pate patriotically proposes that the sums to bo received for admission to this novel dis- cussion shall go to the fand for the purchase of Mount Vernon or the erection of the Washing- ton Monument. The idoa of dedicating tho proceeds of the entertainment in the manner Proposed is hardly less novel than that judicial arrangement of the Charlestown Court by which the confession of Cook is to be printed in pamphlet form and sold for the benefit of one of the Virginia militia who was wounded in the fray at Harper's Ferry, Evidently Vir- ginis is being inoculated with Yankec notions, Abrogation of the Reciprocity Treaty. Wo observe that the Canadian papers are somewhat excited at the recent action of our governmont in appointing an agent to investi- gate the working of the reciprocity treaty, with a view of reporting the result to the Se- cretary of the Treasury. It is alleged that Mr. Cobb is opposed to the treaty, aud has made several orders in connection with its construction which are complained of by the Canadians as Uliberal and ooatrary to the spirit of that convention. The opposition in Canada insixt that this ill feeling has arisen in conse- quence of the recent tariff established there, and they fear the rosult will be the abrogation of the treaty by the American government. On the other hand, the organs of the present Canadian govorameat contend that their exist- ing tariff is purely a revenue measure, and that the United States, which itself eets the example of a revenue tariff, caanot reasonably object te it; and, secondly, that by the terms of the reolprooity treaty it canaot be ended until June, 1805, and thea only upoa condition that one year's previous notice has been given of such iatention. There is very little doubt but that tho re- cently established Canadian tariff was drawa up ia the interest of the Grand Trunk Railroad, end with a view to direct as much of the Cana- dian trade as possible from Rochester, Buffalo, &o., te Quebeo; but it is too small a matter to have any particular effect upon publio feeliag im the United States. It has caused some flut- tering among the railroad mon and forwarders on the lakes, and it is very probable it was for this reason Mr. ex-Congressman Hatch, of Buf. falo, was appointed a speotal agont to inquire into the workings of the treaty. The Montreal Gazette, an organ of the present Canadian administration, in allud- ing to a recent article in the Herarp, is, however, mistaken in supposing that the United States will be compolled nolens volens to continue the operation of the treaty, should it be demonstrated that it is a one sided, unfair arrangement. It is not to be expected, of course, that our provincial contemporary should be very well acquainted with any sub- ject in particular; but as the article in question assumes a sort of semi-official character, a more intelligent examination of the matter might have been anticipated. The treaty undoubted- ly declares thas it “shall remain in force for ten years from the date at which it may come into operation, and further until the expiration of twelve months after eitber of the high contracting parties sball give notice to the other of its wish to terminate the same;” but it has always been a recognized principle with the United States that the treaty making power is necessarily and obviously subordinate to the fundamental laws und federal constitution, and cannot anni- hilate its constitutional powers; that there- fore Congress, by its inhorent sove- reignty, cam at any time put an end to any troaty--the treaty making power, ie. the Executive, having no right to bind the legislative branch of the gov- ernment, without the consent of the latter, to any abrogation or limitation of its constitu- tional functions, The reciprocity treaty, however, so far as the interchange of goods duty free is con- cerned, depends. upon the act of Congress which was paseed to carry it into effect, and a repeal of this act would leave the treaty abso- Jutely useless to the extent in which Canada is affected. The House of Representatives, pro- perly jealous of the absorption of power in the hands of the Executive, passed a resolution on the 7th April, 1796, that when a treaty de- pended for the execution of any of its stipula- tions on an act of Congress, it was the right and duty of the House to deliberate on the expediency or inexpediency of carrying such treaty into effect; and this, too, in the face of a message sent by President Washington a week previously denying the existence of any such powerin Congress. When the reciprocity treaty was under consideration by our government this question was brought up, and the right of Congress fully recognized in the clause which rendered the assent of Congress necessary to give it effect.. The old federal doctrine held that under the constitution treaties were the supreme law of .le land; but they can only be so where they do not violate constitutional tights, and do notinfringe upon the sovereignty of the people. As we have already observed, the reciprocity treaty, by its very terms, re- cognises the right of Congress to control those stipulations affecting in any way the public revenue, and in direct violation of the old federal doctrine. Without, therefore, going to the extent of abrogating the treaty, all that Congress needs dois to repeal the act which gave it vitality. Our Canadian friends will therefore understand that they are not half so firmly planted as they imagined, and if they have no better arguments to offer in order to sustain the treaty than that they bave managed to “do the Yankees,” they may wake up some fine morning next winter and find the Yankees have “done” them. But this reciprocity treaty is a measure of much more importance than it would be were itsimply a convention for the interchange of certain commodities between the British pro- vinces and the United States. As far as the interchange portion is concerned, it is evident the Canadians were and must be largely the beneficiaries; for, whilst the United States af- fords « market to the Canadians for all the enu- merated products, we sell the Canadians in re- turn scarely anything, with perhaps the excep- tion of agricultural implements. Yet it is by no means clear we are losers thereby. The Canadian undoubtedly receives a better price for his wheat, because the market is here in New York, and the duty being removed he gets the same price as our farmers. Bat as the price of wheat is regulated by the European markets and demand, it fol- lows that whilst the Canadian is thus benefitted, it does not affect the price of wheat in the mar- kets here in the slightest, and our canals and railroads are benefitted by the carrying trade, both for produce sold and goods purchased To be really a reciprocity treaty, it doubtlees should include all the products and manufac- tures of each country. The treaty, however, ‘was a measuro which not only provided for the interchange of certain commodities, but it also provided for the freo navigation of the St Lawrence, which had up to that time been closed to us; and it also opened to tho industry of our hardy citizens the vast fisheries of the Gulf of St. Lawrence and the adjoining coast; thus net only benefitting us commercially, but enlarging the echool for American sailors, and D, SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 12, 1859, providing a reserve out of which to man our navy in case of war. A proper vonsideration, therefore, of the value of the reciprocity treaty must include a review of all these questions. If, when they are examined, it is found that the advantages are not what is claimed—that we have been, in faot, overreached—and if it is shown tho legis- lation of Canada has since been unfriendly and contrary to the spirit of the convention, there will be no difficulty in constitutionally putting an end to it at once, notwithstanding the opinions of our provincial Puffendorfi. ‘There is no doubt the subject will be fully dis- British Slave Trade in the Mauritius. Ta a work which has just made its appear- ance in Philadelphia, under the title of “Four Years Aboard the Whaleship,” there are some curious revelations concerning tho existence and active prosecution of the slave traffic under Britlsh rule in the Mauritius. The author, Mr. Whitecar, though a common sailor, appears from the internal evidence of his book to be a trustworthy and intelligent observer, and, until hie etatements receive an authoritative contra- diotion, we see no reason for questioning their correctness. In desertbing the motley population of the feland, Mr. Whitecar accounts for the presence of the Malabar and Madagascar natives in such large numbers by the fact that they are pur- chased from the native chiefs by English or French traders in exchange for old muskets, kegs of powder, jack knives, hoop iron, trin- kets, beads, calico, and such other articles as are beld in esteem amongst the savages. They are sold ostensibly for a term of years, but in reality for as long as their owners choose to detain them. Tho Governor of tho Mauritius, receiving so much per head as a perquisite for each one that is imported into the colony, holds out every inducement for their introduction into the island, and from the crowded state of the ships that arrived during Mr. Whitecar’s stay, he was led to con- clude that the trade must be a thriving one. As soon as the slaves reach the colony they are disposed of to the highest bidder, and our au- thor was justly surprised to see two English auctioneers mounted on their rostrums, en- gaged in selling them as they would any other merchandise. The poor creatures, he says, were gathered and arranged in groups, and neither sex had any other covering than the breech cloth, in order that their muscular sys- tem might be displayed to the best advantage. The purchasers, who were for the most part French planters, walked in amongst them, ex- amined their muscles, teeth and joints, made them leap to show their activity, and, in every way that their experience suggested, satisfied, themselves in regard to their availability. The only saving clause in the whole transaction was that, in case any of the slaves had a family, the purchaser was compelled to buy them all to- gether or not at all. Of the treatment of these unfortunates on the plantations, Mr. Whitecar gives anything but a favorable account. The overseers ap- ply the whip without remorse, and there is this worse feature than the punishment by lashes on the back in vogue in our Southern States, that the blows are generally bestowed on the scull. Tho gross brutality to which the poor wretches are in general sub- jected may be judged of from the fact that he saw a policeman calmly looking on whilst a slave was knocked down and dragged by the waistband over the sharp points of the maca- damised street, with nothing to preserve his body from laceration, except the calico that was wound round his loins. This scene occur- red, not in an obscure or out of the way place, but in a public street, where people were con- stantly passing, and who, if any feeling at all were expressed by them, only laughed at the ludicrousness of the scene. Here, then, we have im a British colony, under British laws and under a British gover- nor, a slave traffic not only of internalexchange and of great practical cruelty, but a traffic that is constantly being fed by importation. And whilst in our Southern States there is the justi- fication of a pre-existent and present necessity, which can only be dispensed with by time, and to tho extension of which the laws offer an effectual barrier, in the Mauritius, where no plea of expediency can be urged in opposition to positive enactment, the fullest latitude is ac- corded to it. These facts will not surprise those who know anything about John Bull’s career in tropical countries, where his true na- ture can display itself unchecked by Exeter Hall fanaticism. The objection that we make is less to his owning slaves himself, than to his affecting such a virtuous horror of the same practice in others. Tue Coyvrrion or THE StreETS.—Ever since the appointment of Mr. Delavan to the office of City Inspector the streets have been kept ina cleanly condition, such as New York could not boast of for years before. Tho pestilential at- mosphere of many of the narrow streets and Janes has been purified, and the great thorough- fares rendered passable; but it is manifest that the best disposed official cannot perform his whole duty properly unless the authorities un- der whom he serves sustain and assist him. More than a month ago Mr. Delavan com- municated to the Board of Aldermen the fact that all the efforts of his department proved unavailing in preventing the deposit of garbage and ashes in the streetsfrom tenement and other houses, and submitted for their consideration an ordinance, the adoption of which, he sug- gested, would fa oe the remedy for this great nuisance. The Aldermen, however, too buey about their own jobs and plans, paid no attention to the City Inspector’s request, and he accordingly submitted a similar communica- tion to them at their meeting on Thursday, It was, however, again referred, without any 20- tion being taken in the matter. Before long we shall have, in all probability, a fall of snow, and if the streets are allowed to remain obstructed with ashes and filth until then, the narrow streets in the lower wards will become, as they have’ been in previous years, quite impassable ; the gutters choked, and the middle of the street a wall of frozen filth, which it will take until the following summer to get rid of, and then it can only bo removed at the risk of geno rating disease from the effuvia eet free in the operation. One of the most important duties of the Common Council is to take care of the sanitary condition of the city and the cleanii- nese of the streeta aa far as they come under their supervision; yot they invariably set aside all applications concerning these things to at- tend to other matters not half so essential to any one, except it be the Aldermen and Coun- ollmen themselves. But bad as the streets are in this city, they are still worse ia Brooklya, particularly in the southera section of the city. Now that the Aldermen over the river have disposed of the water question, by recognizing fully the plans adopted by the Commissioners, Perhaps they would find leisure to attend a Ut tle to the filthy condition of the streets, Wiva plenty of water, and anything like an efficient enforcement of ordinances, there should be ne exouse for stench-laden atmospheres either im New York or Brooklyn. _ Tee Muwicrrat Etzorton ave rat CAMO pares.—In an article on the coming municipal election, the Tribune advises the republicans te exhibit in the selection of a candidate fer Mayor the same disregard of party whiok ohar- acterized their course in adopting Mayor Tie mann and giving him their support at the last charter election. But it insists that this time the candidate shall be from the republican ranks, and that the democracy shall sustain hie, ‘That certainly is a very ourious mode of diare- garding party. The organ of s party which is largely in the minority, modestly insists thas the candidate on which’ alt classes of citinens shall unite must be chosen from that party. How would the Tribune like the same kin@ of arrangement as regards the Presidential election? Would it and its party of the Neeth be satisfied to accept a candidate for the White House selected from the democracy of the South, which is vs much in a minority in point of population as are the republicans in the city of New York? We give the republi- cans no credit fur disregard of perty epirit in adopting Mayor Tiemann. knew very well that they could not elect a mam of their own party, and the next best thing they could do for their party was just what they did—to upset the regular nomination of their opponents by playing off against hima stump candidate of the same party, and making abargain with him for a fair division of the spoils of office, Mayor Tiemann is now ae- cused of selling the republicans and disregard- ing his pledges to share with them the loaves and fishes. Now, according to the Tribune, the republicans will not trast a demo crat again, and will set up a man of theie own party, and that man tho Tribune already puta in nomination. He is ne other than Simeon Draper, one of the most decided party men to be found in the republican army, an active leader of its hosts, and many years an official in the corrupt government of the Almshouse. Could not the Tribune hit upon some fresher man—one not so hackneyed in the ways of party? What guarantee have the democrats that Simeon Draper, if eleoted, would not serve thom as Tiemann served the republicans? As regards partisanship, Greeley himself would not be more objeo- tionable, and would just be as likely to make a fair distribution of the public plunder. If we are to have a republican partisan Mayor, there- fore, let us, by all means, have Horaco Greeley, who in many respects is a better man than Dra- per. But of that there is very small probability. The democrats have the game in their own hands, and if they agree in selecting the right man they can elect him, despite of all opposi- tion from republicans or others. Would it not be better, therefore, for the re~ publioans, like the conservative classes, to wait and see what democratic candidates will loom up, and to give their support to the best of them? Thus they would in a measure hold the balance of power. Unless the democracy goes into the contest split into two equal factions, the republicans cannot hope to elect a man of their own stripe. There is one point om which we fally agree with the Tribune, and that is that the chief magistrate and the Board of Aldermen be selected from among the wealthy and respectable men of the city; but then they must rot be fools and noodles, the passive tools of men of inferior education, but of stronger intellect and of more onergy and experience. The Mayor should be an able man, a well as a man of wealth and respecta- bility. Tux Scau.ter Cenrenary.—Tho countrymen of Frederic von Schiller, who was to Germany what Burns was to Scotland and Béranger to France, have been celebrating, all over Chris- tendom, the centennial anniversary of his birth- day. In this city and vicinity, where there is a German population of at least a hundred thousand souls, the Schiller festivals have been, so far as the Germans were concerned, well ar- ranged, and have gone off with somo éolat. They were conducted, with one exception, strictly upon the European plan. At the Aca- demy of Music the bust of the poet was crowned by young girls, tableaux vivants from his plays were exhibited, and a prize poem was declaim- ed by an actress of the German theatre. There was also a concertat the City Assembly Rooma, where only German music was performed, aad the Stadt theatre has presented during the week a number of Schiller’s plays. So far, so good. It is well and_ proper that the Germans should honor the memory of one who was not only a great poet, but a good citi- zen and a worthy man in every relation of life. But the occasion could not be allowed to go by without being seized by some orators who are more noted for the pomposity and length than the brilliancy of their harangues. The Germans were clever enough not to give up one of the precious evenings of the week to the Cicero of the Common Pleas bench and the poet of the Post; so there waa a sort of oratorical matinée at the Cooper In- stitute, which seems to be a sort of refuge for all the small fry lecturers and spouters of the present day, as the Tabernacle used to be ten years ago. Here the “distinguished orators’ referred to above went into eostacies about Coleridge’s translation of Schiller, and had tho usual attack of mutual admi- ration, all for the delectation of a few hun- dred loungers, Mr. Bryant puffed Judge Daly, and Judge Daly quoted from Mr. Bryant's poe- try. There was quite as much about Daly and Bryant a8 about Schiller. Whon we consider that the orators are not in themselves absorb- ingly interesting, and that their joint style is not, to say the least, of that brilliant order whiok enlivens a dull subject, the sufferings of the audience must have been intolerable. Happily the majority of them were German, and unac- quainted with the Baglish tongue. Seriously, the attempt to Americanize & Schiller Festival was absurd. The songs whioh have endeared his name to the Cfermans cannot be rendered into English without losing balf their beauty, and the plays of Schiller pro- duced upon our stage have all been backed to