The New York Herald Newspaper, August 16, 1859, Page 4

4 NEW YORK HERALD. JAMES GURDON BENSETT, EDITOR AND PROPRIGTOR. OFFICE N. W. CORNER OF FULTON AND NASSAU STS. pecan ce ele yg the Se ee 2 eee ee TH P-urgoLascy Requmerap ro Guat 44 Unrvans: 2 Pace NO NOTICE taken of anonymous corrasponaencs, Wedonat return roasted fone ADVERTISEMENTS renewed every ; advertleements tn serted in the Waenty Hives, Famity Haran, and inthe Baers executed with neainess, cheapness . nd den Wolume XXIV... No. 226 AMUSEMENMS THIS EVENING. NIBLO'S GABDEN. Brosiway.—La Fere Ousureras— La briuraipe—Macio facurse. BOWERY ATRE, Bowery.—Wam Eacix—Vor av ‘Venr—Pixa’s WALLACK’S THEATER, Broadway.—Mr Two Faturns— Latta Booxs. BsTIONAL THEATRE, Onatham street.—Sxercucs in Invia—Tuwoun THE Tantax. BARNUWS AMERICAN MUSEUM. Broadway.—After- noon NORAK Oketva- Steal. ARIZANS, Evening—UK- PUANS OF BWITZERLAND—BiVAL ARTIZANS. ‘WOOD'S MINSTREL BUILDING, 561 and 563 Broadway— Eruiorias Sones, Dances, £0.—Vamox any Pytiias. RELANTS MINSTRELS, Mechanics’ Hall, 472 Broadway— Buscesguas, Songs, Lances, &6.—Sawocot ackosats, PALACE GARDEN AND HALL, Fourteenth street, VoCaL a8D LYBTROMENTsL JONOERT New York, Tuesday, August 16, 1859. BAILS FOR EDROPE. @he New York Horald—Kdition for Europe ‘The Cunard mail steamship Persia, Captain Judkins, ‘will leave this port to-mor?ow morning, for Liverpool. The European mails will close in ths city at eight o'clock to morrow morning. ‘The European edition of the Axaatp will be publisher ‘fat halt past seven o'clock im the morning. Singie copies, in wrappers, ux cents. Subscriptions and aavertisements for any edition of the Muw Yor Buna will bo received at tho following piacer in Europe:— onwor,...Sampeon Low, Son & Oo., 47 Lodgate Hill. Lansing, Sut & Oo., 74 King William street. Pasas......Lansing, Baldwin & Oo., 8 piace de 'a Bourse. “Lansing, Starr & Co., No. 9 Chapel stroet. BR. Stuart, 10 stroot, Kast. Baves,.... Lansing, Beldwin & o,, 21 Rue Corneiile. Bamrvrd, . De Chapesaronge & Co. ‘The contents of the European edition of tho Hearn wil) Bombine the nows received by mall and telograph at the office during the previous week and up to the hour of the padiloation. ‘The News. The steamship City of Baltimore, from Liverpool on the 3d, and Quecnstown, Ireland, on the 4th inst., arrived at this port yesterday afternoon. As she was intercepted off Cape Race by the news yacht a telegraphic report of her advices appeared in the Hegatp on Saturday last, the details of which came to hand by the Vanderbilt on the game evening. We, however, give some additional details of news by the Baltimore up to the latest moment. The funeral rites of the French and Sardinian soldiers who had fullen in the Italian war were solemnized at Tarin on the 3d. The army ‘was everywhere received with acclamation as it passed through Turin. The mails from Australia, Bombay and Mauritius reached London on the evening of the 3d inst., and the steamer with the Brazilian mails passed Harst Castle early on the morning of the 4th. Four vessels with treasure had left Australia for England since the last mail, having on board a sum total of 103,832 ounces of geld. The Bank of Victoria was about to establish a branch of that institution in London. Our correspondent in Barbadoes, dating at Bridgetown on the 27th of July, says:—The mar- ket has been quiet during a fortnight. Flour is in moderate supply, owing to an export demand for neighboring islands, but the consumption is also moderate, and fresh arrivals to any great extent will not command present quotations. Corn mea! bus slightly declined, speculators holding at $5 50, having accepted $5 12} to $5 20. Last sales of pork at $21 50, but there issome demand for export. Fa- mily beef, butter and lard are in large supply and dull. Codfish is in supply. Good mackerels would be saleable. Herrings and alewives are plentiful und dull. White pine lumber is still abundant and declining. The weather continues shewery, and generally favorable for the cultivation. The old crop is finished through the country, and the young canesare very promising. The public health is good. ‘The stock of sugar left is very small, and Bells at $4 25 a $4 50. Molasses scarce at 15c, a 20c. per gallon. Rum 60c. Our Havana correspondent, writing by the Granada, states that three cargoes of African slaves were hourly expected at Cienfuegos. The traders were in negotiation for the purchase of a New York clipper bark. Business is very brisk with them. Three bundred and twenty-five “free” coolies had been landed from a French ship. No change in the markets. The Health Commissioners passed a resolution yesterday authorizing the removal ofall piggeries between Forticth and Eighty-sixth streets and ‘Third and Sixth avenues. Our citizens at present are much exercised with the peculiar flavor of the Croton water. A commis- sion has been appointed to investigate the matter, with the object of ascertaining from what it arises, and in a day er two we may expect to have their report. Meanwhile we give several communica’ tions on the subject, which may be found else- whete. It is impossible at present to form any other than mere conjectural opinions as to the cause of this unnatural condition of the Croton, but the theory which ascribes it to the agency of decaying vegetable matter introduced from the swamps surrounding the lakelets forming the sources of the river, is, perhaps, the most plausible. However, it must be remembered that these sources of contamination have always existed, and that heretofore no cause of complaint has been found against the Croton. It is to be hoped that the com- mittee will hasten their report, and give us the facts as speedily as a careful analysis will permit. We have learned of no ill effects arising from the use o the water so far; but prudence would dictate its paringly until we are better informed as to the ause of its peculiar odor. A new Minister has been appointed to represent ited States in Nicaragua and Costa Rica, Mr: A. Demetry, who will leave at an early day for Cen- tral America. Texas advices to the 4th instant state that the ow fevér was epidemic at Brownsville, and that troops were organizing in Northern Mexico. At the Court Martial of Major Cross yesterday, the summing up ou the part of the accused and the Judge Advocate tock place, and the case was for- mally committed to the Court. A fall i be found in another column. panies The Richmond (Grays, escorted by the Third divi- sion of the Seventh regiment, visited the institu- tions on Randail’s and Blackwell's islands yester- cay, where they were handsomely entertained. ‘The Mayor of Richmond, who is the guest of the city, and Mayor Tiemann we-e present, as well ag other invited guests, and there was abundance of speech making, for which sec our report. In the evening they weat on & mocolight excursion wp the Hudson, and to-night they are to be banquetted @t the Metropolitan Hotel. ye NEW YORK HERALD, TUESDAY, AUGUST 16, 1850. Wall street financieriog, 28 ia well known by those who have ever Gone business in that street, is queer and sharp. The kind of logic which rates in that moneyed centre is not, however, so dofinttely known. A circumstance occured yesterday which, in vcd tion to throwing light on the latter matter, caused considerable excitement among the mem- bers of the Stock Exchange aud outside brokers. A sueet broker purchased from a mewber of the Board several hundred shares of New York Ceutral Railrosd stock, buyer’s option. The purchaser called for the stock, and the seller refused to de- liver the same, on the ground that, had it gone the other way, the buyer would not have been able to respond. Failing to appreciate the force, not to say the morality of vhis logic, the purchaser made complaint to the Exchange Board. Messrs. H. Meigs, Jr., H. T. Morgan and E, Whitehouse were appointed a committee to investigate the matter. The further consideration of the case of the Rev. Dr. Cummings, who is charged with having abduct ed a boy named Haggerty for the purpose of “civil- zing” him, was postponed until Thursday next. A traverse to the return of the Reverend Doctor was yesterday put in. Mrs. Haggerty under- went an examination, in which her former state- ments were reiterated. A brother of the boy said to be abducted was also examined, and substantial- ly correbo.ated the statements of the mother. Dr. Ellis yesterday made application to the Su- preme Court for a writ of babeas corpus, alleging that he was illegally committed to prison, there be ng nothing criminal in the charges prefered against him, and that the bail demanded was excessive and unjost. Judge Ingrabam granted the application, and made the order returnable this morning. Owing to the heat of the weather and the absence of a number of morchants, trade generally yesterday, with few exceptions, was witbout animation, The cotton mar ket closed du of about 700.8 800 bales. Mid dling sna grades wero heavy, while fine cottons were unchanged. Middling uplands were quoted at 11% >. a12. The tour market was again beavy and lower, with ealec iv many cases at a decilue of 10c. a 260. per barrel, The alee of State sud Westera wore sir at the concession, Soutnern flour was also lower, but with more doing at the cecline. ‘ommon and inferior qualities of wheat were dull and veglected, whilé wew aud good descriptions were uncbang ed, Among the transsctious were new fatr to good Kea y white a: $1.45 a $1 60; Southern white $140, and prime red do. at $125, and choice now white Todiana a $145. Corn was firmer, with sales of old and new Weet ern mixed at 76c. @771¢c., with some o!d reported at the opening at 763¢0.; round was unchanged Pork was duli aud lower, with sales of mess at $13 a $14, and of prime at $975 a $995. Sugars were steady, with sales of about 0 bhds, for refiningand tothe trade, at rates giron in another zoluma. Coffee was quiet. Freights were stoady snd engagements light. More Presidential Caudidates—Cameron, Dickinson and Stockton Trotted Out. We publish this morning three different news paper articles on the next Presidency: one in tavor of Gen, Simon Cameron, of Pennsylvania, as the proper rame upon which to fuse the ramp of the American faction with the republican party in 1860; one in favor of Daniel S. Dickinson, of New York, as the proper man for the democracy, ‘n view of the nomination of W. H. Seward, of the same State, as the republican candidate; and one from the Chevalier Forney, in favor of Commodore Stockton asthe American candidate for the succession. Now, considering these three propositions in rhe order indicated, we find, first, that General Cameron's superior claims lie in his comprehen- sive antecedents, under which he is admirably qualified to be the special champion of “ old line whigs, old line democrats, republicans and Ame- ricans, forming a large majority of our legal voters, and capable, with a thorough union, of defeating with ease, in both the popular vote and the votes of the electoral colleges, the great slavery party of the country.” Bat if, asa good protectionist, Gen. Cameron is recommended to the “old line whiga,” we don’t know how this idea would work among the free trade democrats who have gone over.to the republicans; if his Koow Nothing certificate commends him to that brother hood, wecannot vouch for its popularity among our republican Germans; and Jastly, if, as “one o the godfathers of the party, when it was baptized in the fires of the Fremont campaign,” General Cameron basa pre-emption claim upon the re- publicans, the question recurs, how will this fact operate in the Southern opposition camp ? The first experiment of Henry Clay with hie compromise measures of 1850 was to put them all into one bill—the admission of California ay afree State, the Texas boundary compromise, Utah, New Mexico, the abolition of the slave baracoons of the District of Colambia, the Fugi- tive Slave law, aud all. Thus, it was though that the bill would combine the friends of each of the measures involved, and that all would thus be carried in the lump. But this calculation proved to be a mistake, for this “omnibus bill,” instead of combining the friends of the several measures, combined Northern and Southern mev opposed to this or that measure, and thus the bili was torn to pieces. But the next experiment, ot letting each measure stand upon its own bottom, as an independent bill, was beautifully successful Thus, perhaps, it may turn out with General Cameron. Asa republican, or as an American, er as an old line whig, or as an old line democrat, he might do better than as the representative of all these parties and all their principles in the lump. Of this, however, we are not certain; for, next to having no party principles and no political antecedents, like Gen. Taylor, it may be best to be the embodiment of all partiee, living and dead, and all sorts of prin- ciples, like Gen. Cameron. Let the experiment be tried. With regard to Mr. Dickinson, our Pennsylva- nia cotemporary from whom we quote makes the positive declination of Mr. Buchanan the occasion for hoisting the Dickinson flag; but we dare say that the Wise-Donnelly letter has had much to do with this movement. Wise and Douglas, like the Kilkenny cats, have been de vouring each other, and already, we may say, that each has succeeded in defeating his adver- sary; for, while Wise has put the nose of Douglas out of joint in the South, Douglas has broken the back of Wise in the North. The “Little Giant” of squatter sovereignty and the knight errant of a Congressional slave code for the territories being thns Inid out among the killed and wounded, the Charleston Convention is open to all other competitors, Breckinridge and Guth- rie, Davis and Brown, Slidell, Toombs, Cobb and. Stephens, Hammond and Rhett, Hunter, Dickin- son, Seymour and all. Thirdly, it is somewhat remarkable that the duty ehould have fallen upon the Chevalier For- ney to trot out Commodore Stockton as the Ame- rican candidate for 1860, after the gallant Com- modore had himeelf assisted at a Jersey meeting ineupport of Mr. Fillmore for this unprofitable distinction, It will be scen, however, that the political antecedents of Commodore Stockton, like those of General Cameron, qualify him to be the candidate of any party, and we therefore re- commend the Commodore to put in his oar at Charleston. We have been preparing the way for the admission of General Sam Houston as the most available candidate for the democracy; but if their ticket could be so arranged as to include Honstoa avd Stockton—the army aod the navy, Texas snd New Jersey, free trade and Protection, democracy and native Americanism, North aod South—they might defy the world. Seriously, however, in the present confusion and effervescence of the democratic, republican aud American factions, sections and cliques, North and South, and considering the obstructions which block up the way to Wise, Douglas, Seward and Fillmore, now is the time to briag out all the otber White House caudidates, young and old, great and small, democratic, republican, Ameri- can and old line whig, for they may never have anotber chance. To-day we ventilate the special claims of Cameron, Dickinson and Stockton; to- morrow we sball be ready for half a dozen more. The Chucch ta Earope and America-Kell- gious Coufltces of the age. We have of Inte bad very frequent occasion for discuasing, in connectioa with the Italian war, the present condition of the Roman Catholic Church aud the amount of influence which it retaius and exercises over the Christian world. The views which we have enuaciated on the subject are those which obtain to a very large extent in Europe, as well as in the United States. fo fact it is etuted in an article which we today republish from the London Herald, that the actual appreciable power of the Papacy seems to be at ap end, and that throughout the greater portion of Europe the religion of Rome has lapsed into infidelity or materialism. To a cer- tain extent that description of, the decayed con- dition of the religious element is true, uot only as applied to Europe, but also as applied to the whole of the civilized world ; but it is trae only ia 60 far as the idea of religion is confiaed to the observance of dead forms and the belief io mythological fables and. puerile dogmas. Cere mobials and dogmas, and fables and ritasl+ secm to bave lost, in Europe at least, their effi cacy. The French Revolution swept that away. But the spirit of Christianity, which anderlay all these, and vivified the external budy of the Church, survives the wreck of the form, and would survive, even thongb from altars and pulpits the Gospel should cease to be proclaimed. In this couctry tbe disregard to forms and ceremonials, which was a distinguishing feature of the Puri- tans and of dissenting eects generally, appears to bave undergone a reactionary movement, and to bave suggested in some minds the idea of falling back upon religious pageantry,. Thos it is that extremes meet. if the Roman Church were identical—as some of its unwise particans hold it is—with the power that exercises domiaion over the Papa! States, then, indeed, its existence would be a foul stench in the nostrils of the faithful—a blot upoa the purity of the Christian religion. It was in vain for Pio Nono or Cardinal Antonelli to denounce and stigmatize the Italian movement as 4 combination of infidels and revolutionists. Ia vain it was for cither of them,to proclaim that the anti-Papsl movements in Bologna, Perugia and elsewhere, were got up by the enemies of public order. Noone can be deceived into think- ing for a moment that the rule of the Cardiaals is pleasant to the people of the Papal States, No one is sc ignorant or bigotted as not to know and confers that the temporal eovercignty of the Pope is exercised in a manner that is demoralizing to the people and utterly disgraceful tothe govern” ment. As Lord John Russell said in his recent despatch to the Britieh Minister at Berlin: — Every one knows that Rome and the Legations have deen much worse governed by toe Pope’s Ministers than Lombardy by Austriaa Archdukes, aud that would de @ partial aud vpeatisfactory arrangement which siruck down {de rule of the latter and left the former in ail lis do- lormity. And so they appear to be the very worst enemies of the Roman Catholic Church who per- sist in identifying it with Papal misrute in Ltaly. So universal isthe hatred of that misrule, that were it not for the presence of the Frefich army in the Holy City, we would soon see : The stones of Rome rige up in mutiny. It is to this insane persistency on the part of the Popal government in making the Roman Catholic Church bear all the odium of pontifical misrule that the decadence of the religious sen- timext in Europe is to be, in a Jarge measure, im- puted. If the Church will not sever its dua! cbaracter of spiritual and temporal it cannot expect that the world, in estimating the acts of the Church, in its temporal capa- city, will draw the distinction. It is not to be wondered at, therefore, that, as our London name- sake asserts, the religion of Rome has, through- out the greater portion of Europe, lapsed into in- | fidelity or materialism. A radical amelioration ofthe goverpment of the Papal States, or a defi- nite abandonment on the part of the Pope of the attempt to govern them at all, woald do more to | bring back the stray skeep into the fold than would a century’s labors of the Soziety for the Propagation of the Faith. Still, it must be confessed that the miegovern. ment of the Papal States has not been the sole influence at work in producing the present infi- del or materialistic condition of the public mind. The anti-progressive character of the Church has | had no emall effict in producing that result. | Truth and morality never change, to be sure The principles of virtue are the same yeater- day, today and forever. But it does not follow from that that the mode of implant- | ing or fostering virtuous precepts does not change or progress. What is truth to the child is also truth to the man, but the meana : of proving it to both are widely different. ‘The child belicves it because his parent or teacher tells him so; the intelligent man believes it because hie reason makes exactly the difference between the Roman Catholic Church and those churches that are founded on the principle of private judgment. | ‘The first persists in treating mankind as perpetu- ally a child, bound to receive everything on the | authority of its teacher. What was suitable to the | barbarian hordes and to the people of the Middle Ages is thought good enough fer an enlightened state of society. The otherchurches | recognise to a greater or lesser extent the pro- gress of mankind in general intelligence, and modify or change their dogmas and rituals to keep pace with the advance of intelligence. To be sure, the penalty of disbelief is alike in all. Men must believe or go to perdition. These different systems have each had, and still have, their peculiar advantages. The Church of Rome, with its gorgeeus rites and ceremonics, was well suited to impress and bring into the fold of Christianity the barba- rian hordes that overran Southern Europe after the downfall of the Roman empire. In the Mid- dle Ages, too, it stood between the kings and barons and the people. And now it is more in- fluenti«l in converting the heathen and in keep- ing in salutary check the less enlightened classes of society than all other churches or influences. On the other hand, it is too repressive and des potic to snit the inquiring and free mind of mo- dern times, Its tendency {s rather backward than forward; but enlightened Catholiga, whil¢ they observe torms,and accept degrees, revo- rence only the spirit that underties them. The Lutheran’ and Ca!vipistic cburches were adapted to the times in which they sprung up, but even they were ,not elastic enough, and hence the number of dissenting denominations tato which we see the Christian world divided. The Churob of Rome represents despotism and centrali- zation—the Protestant churches represent de- mocracy and progressiveness; and as it would be abeurd to expect to see all na- tions moparchical or republican, so it would be equally absurd and undesirable to expect to see them all attached to either one or o’her of these two totally distinot religious systems. The artiole in the London Herald speaks of Ro- manitm being in America a political system. It is convinced. That | isa great mistake to think so. Religion and politics have nothing {2 common in this country, as all who are acqaainted with our politicians will readily ndmit. If there be any connection between the two, It is certainly not the case as regards Catholiciem. The only approach to such a combination isin New Englaad, where the Pu- ritan clergy do sometimes diagrace themselves by preaching politics. But we grow out of that. The example of Europe ought certainly to cure us of apy proclivity to mix up religion with poll- tics, At all events, the religious conflicts of the age, and particularly the present transition state of the Church of Rome, are really calculated to awaken touch attention both with priests and lay- men. The subject is well worthy of profound thought, 7 “ Telegraphic Communication with Kurope— Avrangements for the Laying of a New Cable. The readers of the Henaip are aware of the tenacity with which we held to the belief that the Atlantic telegraph was a practicable undertak- ing, and that we spared no labor or expense to keep them informed of the minutest details from the commencement of the enterprise to the suc- ceseful landing of the cable on the 5th of August, 1858. We sre now enabled to present them with a complete history of the operations on the cable after it was submerged—a history which bas never before been published, and the impor- tance of which cannot be over estimated ia view of the incontrovertible evidence it affords of the practicability of the onterpriee. In the publica- tion of the many columns which we give of hard, solid facts, we put an end for ever to the absurd and ‘ily controversy which was waged some few months ago, and which had for its object the refutation of the statement that the cable was ever succcssfully worked, or that even o single word was sent from station to station. A reference to the summary of the messages, which will be read with much interest, shows that from the 10th of August to the 18th of September one hundred and twenty- nine messages were sent from Valentia to New- foundland; while the number sent from New- foundland to Valentia during the same period was two hundred and seventy-one, making a total of four hundred messages sent both ways. This statement is verified on oath before Mr- Robert B. Campbell, United States Consul at London. Here, then, we have four hundred hard, solid facts for the digestion of those who still contend that no message was ever received through the Atlantic telegraph cable. Some, however, went still further in their scepticism, asserting that the cable never was laid, and one individual in England became so crazy upon the subject that | the police authorities of London were obliged to look after him. The array of facts which we present to-day will do more to satisfy the public mind in regard to the ultimate enccess of the great work than anything that has yet been published. Who can doubt for a moment that it will be ac- ; complisbed when he learns that all these mes- sages were transmitted through the cable under the most unfavorable circumstances and despite the defects which it is now known existed in the insulation? And here it may be well, as this is | sn important feature in the history of the enter- prise, to refer to it more at length. | When the cable was in process of manufacture inthe factory of Messrs. Glass and Eliott, in Greenwich, near London, it was coiled in four Jarge vata, and there left exposed, day after day, to the beat of a eummer sun, which was intensi- , fied by the tarred coating of the cable to one hundred and twenty degrees. This went on, day after day, with the knowledge of the engineer and electrician of the company, ; although the directors had given explicit orders | that sheds should be erected over the vats to pre. | Vent the possibility of such an occurrence. As might have been foreseen, the gutta percha was melted, so that the conductor which it was de- | sired to insulate was so twisted by the coils that it was left quite bare in numberless places, thus | weakening and eventually, when the cable | was submerged, destroying the insulation, The injury was partially discovered before the cable was taken out of the factory at Green wich, and a length of about thirty miles was cut out, and condemned. This, however, did not wholly remedy the difficulty, for the defective ingulation became frequently and painfully appa- rent while the cable was being submerged. Still farther evidence of its condition was afforded when it came to be cut up for charms and trin kets in this city. Despite of all this, how- ever, it is mow proved in the most conclusive manner that the cable not only work- | ed after it was submerged between Ireland and Newfoundlend, but that four hundred messages were cent through it even in its defective condi- tion. ‘ ‘There is one fact particularly deserving of no- tice as showing the great importance of the At- | lantic telegraph in a commercial point of view. We refer to the collision of the Europa and Ara- bia, which was made known under two days after its occurrence off the coast of Newfonndland. | But this is not all, for there is another, if possible, still more conclusive on the subject. The British | goverument was enabled, through the transmis- | sion of two despatches to Halifax and Montreal, to | countermand the eailing of a large body of troops | who had previously received orders by mail to | proceed to India. The amount which they saved by the telegraph in this way is estimated at two hundred and fifty thousand dollars. Of the com- mercial importance of the line, however, therecan be no doubt, when it is known that almost | immediately after the cable was laid the com- | pany was beset with applications and requests | that they would at once throw it open for the transmission of bueiness meseages, ‘The beet guarantee for the permanent sucess of the enterprise is to be found in the aew basis upon which it hasbeen placed. The company have reorganized the electrical and engineering. departments, and have got rid of their former chief electrician and engineer and the useleas members of their respective corps. This is the wisest thing ‘hey could have done, and the ouly ponder is that they did not diamiss these gentle. wen bfore, The Henan was the frat to expose | Lv. To obtain news is our busicess. We have their incompetency and to oall for their dis charge; bat the company imagined they could get a'ony with them without resorting to 20 ae vere a courre—a Course which, however severe it mi ht appear, was yet the only one left, and the one whch we now see they have been ob'iged to adopt. The bungling manner in which the electricians stationed at the opposite ends of the line performed their work is cvident from a perusal of tho messages to which we have referred. They appear to have bad no regular system, but evidently worked without a scttled plan, and as chance favored them. Now, in consideration of all this, the only wonder ia that they were ever able to get a single message through the conductor. However, as we have said, they have been dis- charged, the two departments have been reorgan- ized, and, with the experience which the com- pany have acquired, there is no doubt that their next success will be a permanent one. The revolution which has been effected in the elec- trical and engineering departments was accom- plished during the recent visit of Mr. Field to England. This is just what was wanted to insure the eucceas of the enterprise, and we have no doubt that in the course of ancther year the Atlantic telegraph will be a fixed fact, so that when the next war breaks out in Europe we ahall receive daily despatches in regard to its progress. In conclusion, we may state that preparations are now being made for the manufacture ofa new and improved form of cable, the conductor of which will be composed of a strand of seven wires, about double the thickness of the conduc- tor of the cable which now lies stretched along the great telegraph plateau from the two island outposts of the Old and New Worlds. By in- creasing the thickness of the core, or conductor, gres‘er rapidity in the transmission of messages is secured, besides greater strength in the cop- per wires of which it is composed. We also Jearn that two vessels are now in course of con- struction for the express purpose of laying cables, and that they will be ready long before the time appointed for the setting ont of the next expedi- tion. The British government will, we under stand, give the services of two of their war steamers as escorts, and furnish as many men as may be required. Tue Wise Lerrer—“ Brea or a Fratuer.”— The political character of those who take up the cudgels for Cassidy verifies the old adage that “birds of a feather flock together.’ The im- maculate Thurlow Weed, of the Albany Hvening Journal, and the unblemished Forney, of the Philadelphia Press, are the special advocates of the confidence man of Albany, now on his trial at the bar of public opinion. The first of these high-minded gentlemen was caught with $5,000 in his pocket, a bribe to betray the interests of his clients, the protectionists, and to aid in the passage of a bill through Congrees in fayor of “free wool.” For this consideration he was to pull the wool over the eyes of all the leading “woolly heads,” and blind them to the treachery which was being practised upon them. The other most honorable gentleman has been detected in various matters with which our readers are fa- miliar. It is very natural that these champions should endeavor to whitewash brother Cassidy— he is a man of their own stripe in more senses than one. The tendencies of free soil Cassidy oud Forney to the abolitionism of Weed are no- torious, and before long all three will probably be bund sailing in the same boat. According to Forney and Weed, a lamb going to the slaughter is but an imperfect emblem of the injured innocence of the good Saint Cuseidy ag to the publication of the letter of Mr. Wise, and, with consummate impudence, they{both unite in throwing the whole blame on the head of the editor of the New York Heratp, making him the scapegoat of the treachery and Punic faith of the Albany Regency. The bleating in- nocent has become dumb himself, but in his co- Jumns resound the voices of two of his friends, as followe:— Tho strangest, but the moat characteristic, phase that thie qvestion agsumes, is found tn the fact that the Atlas and Argus, a journal that refused to give a private letier to the pubic, is axeniled in the New York Hxaatn, a journal weelf guilty of the act it imputes to another.—Albany Even ang Journal. A @riter in the Brook); issue got up as to how on to Bay :— Moch stress bas been Jaid upon the breach of confidence 1m making public this letter. As well might the captors of Major Andre reeposted the covfidential pri \ rands found in his 18, or Washington tho detai's of the treachery in Arnold’s site pocket, One was treachery agoiust the country and its army fighting for liberty, tho other treachery against the demosratic party. In publishing these two paragraphs in the foregoing order, and without further comment than the few words with which he introduces the latier, the guileless Cassidy desires to have two strings to his bow: one is, that he did not pub- lich the letter or cause it to be published; the other, that if he caused it to be published, he not only did no wrong, but performed a praiseworthy act. This reminds us of the defence of a special pleader in New England ia anac! in one of the small courts for the breakiag of a kettle. First, said the advocate, the kettle was broken when my client borrowed it; second, it was re- turned unbroken; third, my client did not bor- row it at all. It is worthy of remark that Cassidy has never positively stated that he did not give copies of | the letter. What he says is, that he did not cause it to be published. But we all know that there are vatious ways of killing a dog withoat chok- ing him with butter, The political Jesuit shel- ters himself under the subterfuge of a mental reservation. Now, what are the facts? Cassidy has admit- ted that the letter was confided to him by Dona- nelly, and Donnelly has publicly declared that nO man obtained a copy up to that time. It is clear, therefore, that whatever copies were in efroulation afterwards were given by Cassidy. Now, the truth is that there were several copies sent out by the Chevalier, and one of them went asfar as Binghamton, and was sent back to Al- bany. This private circulation of the letter pro- duced the very effect which was intended—it killed off both Wise and Wood; but it has pro- duced another cflect which was not intended— it has killed the Albany Regency, which has committed political suicide, like the scorpion that, girt with flame, stings itself to death. When our detective reporters, who are far bet- ter and sharper than the detective police, found copies of Wise’s letter circulating through Alba- ny, they procured one of them for the Heratn, The reporters for the other papers were not so successful. They obtained the letter mutilated. For the Henatp it was secured complete, and we published it for two reasons: first, to give avca- rately the letter, which wo knew would be pub- lished in a garbled form in other journa!s; and secondly, to expoee thy: schemers who sot it afloat, They had theie own base motives in circulating it privately. We anticipated them, and broke up lyn Fagle, referring to the false ‘the letter was made public, goes their plans by giving the ‘etter at oneo to the ublic. : ‘This has always been the goursg of the Her- and always have bad, acorps of deteotive report ers whom nothing escapes. We flud out all the plots and tortaoas windings of the leaders of political factions, and, exposing them to the world, thus defeat their desigus. Heoce they cordially hate the Henrstp. But that makes little Gifference to us while we advance the cause of public morality, nip faction and corruption in the bud by dragging to light their hidden deeds of darkness, and thus subserve the great interest of the country at large. Tor Lrreratore anp Morattry or Poutrics.— On another page will be found two articles from 8 Philadelphia democratic journal, giving an ae- count of the editor of asother Philadelphia jour- nal, aleo claiming to be democratic. We print them as epecimens of the literature and morality of politics. One of these articles is entitled “A. Hypocrite Unmasked,” and the other “A Politi- cal Profligate.” The paper in which these artl- cles appear is the Pennsylvanian, formerly owned. and edited by J. W. Forney. The person agains whom they are directed is said Forney, now edi- tor and proprietor of the Press. Forney, it seems, in a epeech at a meeting held at Reading, and published in his own paper, de- nounced the President of the United States aad every officebolder under bim, from the highest to the lowest, as bad and corrupt, but more pac- ticularly the officials in Philadelphia. The Pennsylvanian retorts on him in a perfect tempest of vituperation, which would overwhelm an or dinary man, but in which Forney will swim like aduck in a puddle. According to this writer, Forney is a man of “hypocrisy und falsehood,” who “practices the grossest impositions.” Ho is “possessed of uablushing effrontery;” “well skilled in all the trickery of elections, and prac- ticed in the art of deceiving the public mind, he becomes a dangerous man, since, andoubtedly, he acts reckless of truth aod hooesty;” he is “anworthy of public copfidence;” he “pursues an immoral course ;” “reckiess of truth and bonor ;” “total want of honor in social life ;” “he works for pay ;”’ “was once & parasile io besotted power;” “we could recite charges affectiag his personal integ- rity;”| “the grosrest frauds practised by him against the government;” “his personal bad faith in private traneactions;” “dishonorable and ua- trustworthy;” “a traitor to almost every frieud;” “has abused Douglas heretofore ashe now abuses Buchanan.” “If he was honest in advocating Mr. Buchanan for President, on the score of bis emi- nent services, purity and talent, what can he be now, when he depreciates bis aforementioned ser- vicee, dc. Hence, Mr. Y otney wilfully lied to the whole people of the Union for years upon years, or he is wilfully lying now. He wasa profligate in the campaign of 1856, or he is now a most abandoned profligate, preparing for the campaiga of 1860.” “John W. Forney is corrupt, uafuith- ful and false, devoid of honor, of principle sad of friendsbip—a traitor to everything which hon- orable men regard as indispensable to the char- acter of a gentleman.” But we must cut short these elegant extracts and refer those who have a taste for such reauing to the articles themselves. We have not space for any more of such gems in our edito- rial columns. We have quoted enough, however, to exhibit the character of tne whole, and to present the reader with some choice specimens of political literature aud of the morality of the party politics of tbe day It is thus the leaders abuse each other; and the bert of the joke is that it isso much their natural element they do not consider it abuse at all. After the swollen, muddy torrent of vituperation from which we have taken a few bucketsful as samples, the Pennsylvanian coolly says, with matchleae’ naivelé, “We do not condescend to abuse Mr. Forney.” What, then, we should like to know, is abuse? If such be the gems of ihe party prees in the great and enlightened city of Philadelphia—the second in the Union— what must the character of the party journals for polite literature be in the less polished and more remote regions of the Weat? When thee journals and politicians blacken each otber after this fashion, the chances are that the public will believe both sides, and exclaim— Arcades ambo—blackguards both. There are thoge who expect a beaithy public opinion to flow through such channels. But the expression which they give it is like impure water soaked by a dirty sponge—it comes out more filthy than it went in. Coyprrion or THE StREETS—TuE RraHT MEN FoR THE Kicut PLaces.—The streets of New York never presented a cleaner or more satisfactory appearance than they do just now. The remark applies not only to the principal thoroughfares, bift to the side streets. The work is being done, if not as thoroughly as a larger appropriation would permit, at least with a conscientious deter- mination to deal ont to all parts of the city the Same even measure of justice. This is the fair and proper mode of expending the public money. What all pay for, al) should share alike. |4 To the new City Inspector, Mr. Daniel E+ Delavan, we owe this happy emancipation from dust and garbage, as also a riddance from the up town piggeries and offal es- tablishments, Under bis predecessors we were usually, at this period of the year, suf- focated with travelling clouds of the one and poisoned with the fetid odors of the others. Mr. Delavan discharges his duties effectually simply because he isa practical man, because he is not ambitious, and because he has a character to lose. He does not belong to the Pewter Mug and shoulder-hitting ciass of officials, who pass their days in barrooms, jabbering politics in ‘bad English or worse German, and setiling the business of the commonwealth while they neglect that of the city. If we had men of Mr. Delavan’a stamp at the head of the other corporate depart- ments we should not be plundered as we are at present, and would have something to show for the enormous amount of taxation which is an- nually levied off us. Let Tammany Hall, Mo- zart Hall, Republican Hall, Know Nothing Hall, or any other hall that takes charge of our politi. cal destinies, nominate as Mayor Mr. Delavan Street Commissioner Smith, or some other equally honest man, and we will gladly give him our support. If, however, they put up for office any of the corrapt, drunken and quarrelaome vaga- bonds who have brought disgrace end embar- Trassment on our city odministration they may rest asenred that we shall oppose the whole batch of them. Tim Fact Seasox—Invriux or Visiters,—The city hotels are said to be more crowded just aow than they bave ever been at any correspoading period of the year. When the visiters wao are at the Northern watering places come on here their presence will impart additional animation to the prcnent appearance of things. Of the forty or fifty thousayd strangers who sre distri-