The New York Herald Newspaper, July 20, 1859, Page 4

4 isu NEW YORK HERALD. JAMES GORDON BENSETY®, EDITOR AND PROPRIETOR. OFFICE N. W. CORNER OF FULTON AND NASSAU STS* ERMUS, cash tn adoance. Money vont by mail will Be at the wee the sender, Postage samp nes received as subscription ihe DAILY HERALD. two cents per copy, $7 per annum. 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Chatham street—Lomety Max OF THe UckaN—Deab Boxme- Fuisky Copaten, BARNUW'S AMERICAN oon ead Wvening—Wrman, WOOD'S MINSTREL BUILDING, 661 and 663 Broadway. EBrmoriam Songs, Dances, ko —Danuins Ox THs LEVERS. PALACE GARDEN AND HALL, Fourteenth strect— Concent anp Soitee Dansaste Rew York, Wednesday, Jaly 20, 1859. MAILS FOR EVROPE. The Tew York |—Kdition for Lurope. The Cunard mail steamship Asia, Capiain Lott, will Ieave this port this morning for Liverpool. ‘Tho European mails wil! close in this city at ten o’clock this morning. Tue European edition of the Hzaatp will be published at half past nine o’clock in the morning, Single copies, in wrappers, six cents. Subecriptions and advertisements for any edition of the Nsw Yous Hxeitp will be received at the foliowing places Bane beats \p80n Ladgate Hul ‘Sampson Low, Son & Oo., 47 Ludgaie Hull, Lansing, Starr & Oo., 74 King William street. Pare.. , Baldwin & Co.,8 place de la Bourse, Lsvmnroot. . Lansing, Siarr & Co., No. 9 Chapel street, R. Stuart, 10 Exchange sirect, East. Haver... . Lansing, Baldwin & Co., 21 Rue Corneille, Bansong..De Chapeauronge & Co. The contents of the European edition of the Hrratp will fombine the news received by mail and telegraph at the office during the previous week and up to the hour ef the publication, MAILS FOR THE PACIFIO. Kew Work Herald—California Edition, ‘The United States mail steamship Star of the West, Oap- tain Gray, will leave this pert thia afternoon, at two O'clock, for Aspinwall. ‘The mails for California and other parts ef the Pacific ‘Will cleze at one o’clock this afternoon. The Naw Your Wexatr Hxnato—California edition— Pontaining the latest intelligence from all parts of the world, wil! be published at eleven o’clock in the morning. ‘Single copies, in wrappers, ready for mailing, six cents. Agents will ploase send in their ordora as early na pos- Bibie, The News. The next news from Europe, which may report the result of a very sanguinary battle between the allied armies of France and Sardinia and the Aus- trian troops on the line of the Adige, will reach us by the following vessels, which left the other side of the ocean in the order mentioned, viz:— Destination. arrive at any hour. By the arrival of the steamship Baltimore at Bal- timore we have letters from Havana to the 12th inst.’ with interesting adv! from Porto Rico, St. Thom- fs and San Domingo. Captain Hoyt, late of the American ship St. Louis, died in Havana, and bis Jast moments were very affecting. Imagining his ship tossing in a heavy gale, he gave his orders in a clear, loud tone, and appeared as if endeavoring to mount the rigging, when he suddenly smiled, and exclaiming, “ It is well—the danger is past,” expired. From advices re- ceived from Mexico in Havana, and the newspaper comments thereon, it appeared as if Spain wished for a European intervention there, ‘if sanctioned by the United States.” The health of the city of Ha- yana and that of the shipping in port was not so good, and yellow fever was pretty prevalent. Spain has concluded an advantageous treaty with Honduras, mainly in relation to the entering and coaling of her war ships in the ports of the colony. Porto Rico was very healthy and the people, nnusually idle, were enj g themselves with balls and play-going. The season was rainy, bat the wet Gid not injure the crops. From St. Thomas we learn that two Catholic bishops—Spaccapictra and Forcade—had embarkeg there for Europe. The British mail steamer Para- matta had grounded on Aregada reef, but was got of. Breadstuffs were still at an advance. Mess pork was at $200 $21. E change on United States, three days, at one per cent. The island was healthy. J A letter from Santiago de Caballeros, St. Do. mingo, says that the people were very poor, and NEW YORK HERALD, Enstern and Western military empires run thelr course, While sbe holds the sceptre of com- merce they cannot barm her, Such a policy on ber part will make it impossible for Germany to involve Europe in a general war in defence of the establiehed order of things, which is already worn out aud must give place to the creations of progress. Affairs in Mexico—Indications of Another Change tn tts Politics, The interesting correspondence frm Vera Cruz, which we publish in another column, gives a deplorable picture of the eondition of Mexico, and the impossibility that peace can be restored to that unhappy republic by either of the parties now striving for power there, The condition of the Juarez government is represented as deplorable in the extreme. With- out money to carry on military operations, with- out credit to obtain money, without unity in its eounsels, or strength of mind enough to look its own true condition and that of the government in the face, it seems to be about to drop to pieces. The position of the opposing Cabinet holding the city of Mexico is no better, and General Mira- mon has subsided from the active soldier that he wasin the field into the intriguing and inert President which be claims to be. In addition to these life-drawn ecenes from the two capitals of Mexico, the accounts from other portions of ‘hat republic are of the same desponding character, Yucatan is ravaged by an Indian war and dissension among the whites at the same time; General Alvarez in Guerrero clamors for his subsidy from President Juarez, bat makes no movement on receiving it; Zuszus, the Commander-in-Chief of the consti- tational forces, is inactive at San Luis Potosi for lack of money and brains; Vidaurri ia Monterey plays the independent potentate with © nominal adhesion to the federation, and Pes- quiera in Sovora and Sinaloa acts without either nominal or real regard to any power but his own, This state of things indicates the coming of another of the so-called revolutions in Mexico, and all parties are striving to tura it to their advantage. The Santanistas are active in the centre, the liberals along the circumference are preparing to offer to somebody a tempting dish of church properties, the merchants hope for American intervention, and not a few of the quiet-loving Mexitans look back with regret to the palliative policy of Comonfort. In this state of affairs Mr. McLane finds he can do notbing, and the negotiations that were going on for some time between him and the Juarez go- verpment bave fallen through. He has gone for relief and change of scene to the Isthmus of Te- buantepec, and Senor Lerdo, the Finance Minis- ter of President Juarez, has come to this coun try, as we learn by telegraph from New Or- Jeans, and is now on his way to Washington and New York, probably to combine a scheme of policy with our government, and to raise the wind among our Wall street financiers. Senor Lerdo is one of the ablest civilians that Mexico has produced for a long time. Asa sta- tistician avd financier he has a perfect. know- ledge of his own country, is one of its most ad- vanced liberals in politics, and, were he in the first instead of a secondary position ia the go- vernment, might develope a policy that would restore peace and order to his country. He is the author of the law for turning the enormous possessions of the Church to the benefit of the State, and is a decided advocate of a low tariff aud the theories OF free trade. His coming here at this juncture proves the financial straits of Mexico, and its wish to put 1ts best fut trward in its attempts to get out of them. Whether he will be able todo anything will depend upon the nature of his propositions, and the disposition of onr government as to how far it will go in sus- taining the cause of reform and freedom in Mex- ico. The convulaions which that country is now going through are the natural results where a people determine to cast off old social and poli- tical errors, and to enter upon a new career. The forms of government are destroyed, and those of society shaken, if not dissolved, but the nation still exists, and, with new ideas and new organizations, may enter upon a life ot progress and progperity! such as it has never before wit- nessed, | carpenter work on the island hoapital, asking an incrense of 25 per cent on h’8 contract, on the ground. thst the tery 107 es) 0° the building will occasion him a loss. The petition was referred to acommittee, with instructions to report in four weeks. A communication from Mr. Eddy, manager oN gs) care, sk ng permission to fasten a rope on Blackwell's Island, to extend to New York, whee nanex! bition simiar to that of Monsieur a could take place, was read and the request Jen'e}. The nuaper in the insti- tutions at present is 7,092—an increase of 40 on the previous week. The number admitted was 1,758, ind those d scharged, died or gent elsewhere, was The sixth annual Convention of the Young Men's Christian Associations was held in Troy, N. Y., dur- iug last week, and we give to-day an interesting and graphic report of their proceedings. Various propositions were discussed and acted upon. Go- vernor Morgan countenanced the Convention by his presence anda speech. ‘At the close the Con- vention made a pleasure trip to Saratoga, where the members ate a complimentary dinner given by the Troy Association. The Convention represent- ed about two hundred associations, with an aggre- gate membership of nearly a quarter of a million. The next Convention will be held in New Orleans. In the case of Griffith, sentenced to ten years State prison fur burglary and shooting watchman Buckley, in Brooklyn, affidavits have been sent to Governor Morgan showing the prisoner's entire in- nocence of the crime charged, in order that he may be pardoned out. ithe private advices received by the City of Washington bad @ favorable influence yesterday upon our cotton mar- ket, and sales of about 1,700 bales wero made, closing firm on the basis of quotations given in another column. Some byokers quoted sales of middling uplands at 11%°. Flour was in fair demand, with some slight reaction in the higher grades of Western, The transactions, however, were light. Southern flour was steady and prices for common aud mixed brands were rather firmer. Wheat was heavy and sates were bght, Corn was tn fair requeet, while prices were without changecf moment. Pork was heavy and lower, but more active at the decline, with sales of mees at $15 75 0 $15 873s, audthin mess at $15 37% @ $15 £0, and prime ut $11 75a $12, Beef and lard were inactive without change in prices. Low grades of refving Sugare Were about 'y0. lower, while grocery goods were steady and unchanged. ‘The sales footed up about 1,500 buds, at yates given in another place. Coffe was quiet but steady ; for stock, &c., see another column, Fraighs ngs, ¢ were light and rates without alteration or change of moment, The Diviston of Europe tnto an Eastern and a Western Kmpire—The Compact Between France ond Russia, We repriat in another column three articles, pablished in the Heraxp shortly after the coup @éatin Paris, in which we analyzed the canses which bad produced that movement, and the foundations on which the then new order of things would be erected, and foreshadowed the social and politcal influences which would necessarily mould the new political fabric in France. At that time we foresaw the return of the French empire, and compared the course it would ran to that of the Western empire of the Roman world after its division into West and East. Siree the fall of the empire of Valentinian, torn bivas aliciupls Dave Deen made alils Lesturaucu. Charlemagne, more than a thousand years}ago, ard Charles the Fifth of Germany at a much later period, both aimed at such a result. Their empires held togetber during their lifetime but Teil to pieces son after for Want of a sympawwetic counterpart and counterpoise in the Kast. The iret Napoleon sketched out the like desigu, wud failed for the like reason. He and the first Alex- ander could not agree upon the division of the world. Louis Napoleon seems to be much nearer its achievement. The operation of revolutionary ideas has converted France into an elective em- pire precisely libe that af Rome tn the last cen- turies of its existence. The election of the Em- peror does not recur at stated periods, but yet it is periodical in its return. Whenever the head of the nation fuils in the proper course of action, the military leaders kick bim off the throne, just as the pretorians of the Roman legions did an unsatisfactory Roman Emperor. Such an election brought Louis Napoleon into power, and thus far he has obeyed the tendency of France with rare ability. Under his guidance it has marched with steady tread to empire ia the West of Europe. Spain is already little more than his fief. Ths House of Savoy, bound to him both by mf&rriage aud by policy, is ex- tending its possessions ia Northern Italy under bis protecting hand. Belgium end the German provinces of the Rhine tremble at the coming events which are being foreshadowed, and seek to cower under the wing of England. Mean- while the power of France grows, adaptiog itself to the crew elements and the new Tue Bic Fricur ww Eycuanp.—The British empire, at least that portion of it represented by the House of Lorde, seems to be in a terrible state of alarm lest their excitable neighbors on spirit of the epoch. Public opinion, and} the other side of the English Channel should the “press, which is at once its organ | take it into their heads, 80 soon as they have of cxpression and its moving power, finished up Austria, to step over and perform a similar operation with perfidious Albion. The debate introduced by Lord Lyndhurst, and par- ticipated in by Ellenborough, Brougham and others—a report of which we published in yes- terday’s Heratp—may be taken ag an indication are assiduously courtsd. The mechanic arta, with their varied command over matter ard the conveyance of thought, are generously fostered. The developement of ideas and true progrees in the cocial and political views of men are readily recognized end adapted to the new unable to liquidate the Baez money in full, but would pay part. The action of the European Con- suls in respect of the matter created much excite- ment. The steamship Ariel, from Havre and Southamp- ton 6th inst., arrived at this port early last evening. Bhe brings no news. Details of interesting news from Mexico, furnish- ed by our correspondents in that country, may be found in another column. By the overland mail we have advices from San Francisco tothe 27th ult. Business continued very dull. The arrival of the Wizard and Flyimg Dragon from New York is reported. The town of La- haina had been destroyed by fire, involving a loss of $100,000. We publish on the first page of to-day’s paper a Jetter from Hon. Daniel E. Sickles, with reference to bis reconciliation with his wife and the recent com- ments of the press upon his affairs. The Secretary of the Interior has appointed Mr. Joseph C. G. Kennedy to superintend the taking of the eighth census of the United States. Judge Woodruff, of the Superior Court, yesterday @ecided, in the case of Catharine N. Forrest vs. Ed- win Forrest, to grant the motion for a change of referee; also that the defendant pay alimony at the Fate of $200 per month, and $1,500 for plaintiff's Counsel fees and legal expenses. The Academy of Music was crowded last even ing on the occasion of the commencement exer. Wises of the Free Academy. Diplomas and prize medals were awarded to the graduating class. See pur report in another column, of the public feeling in England on the subject of a French invasion. But, if that were not suffi- ciently indicative, the movements that are being made there to increase the’ navy, strengthen the fortifications, and organize volunteer rifle corps, are certainly enough to prove that our usually stolid cousins have worked themselves up into a remarkable condition of trepidation, and that London is more frightened to-day than she was ten or twelve years ago when even Louis Napoleon was entrusted with a constable’s baton to keep back the anticipated invasion of the Birmingham chartists, Time was when every true Britisher believed as gospel truth the words of their fa- vorite song— Britania needs no bulwark, No towers along the steep; Her march is o’er the mountain wave, Her home is on the deep, But af that is changed now. The growth of the French steam marine has upset all calcula- tions in regard to the inviolability of the British soil. Something else than wooden bulwarks is needed now. There must be, according to Lord Lyndhurst, a regular army of at least a hundred thousand men maintained in England, and an equal number in Ireland, to resist invasion. Nor is it enough to have a navy equal to that of France—it is necessary for England’s security, sccoording to the same high authority, to have a navy able to cope with the combined navies of France and Russia, These Powers are as- scheme. The new empire of the West moulds itself to the new elcmenta and idzas of the age. Becides this a new power has appeared on the ecene of Europe. Russia presents to the West- ern empire the counterpart and counterpoise that were wanting to Charlemagne, Charles the Fifth and the First Napoleon. What the two Emperors, Louis Napoleon and Alexander the Second, agreed upon at Stuttgardt is not yet known to the world. Events are proving that there is a compact between them. It may not bea fact upon parchment, but it is a stronger one than any written azreement could prove, Tt is founded on aa identity of policy, and bound with tbe ties of interest, ania'ms at the division of the European world again into two great empires, asin the time of Rome. It may be summed up in the simp'e words—one shall take the East and one the Wet, for the same cannot rule all. A few minor Powers may be left in Central Europe, but they will belong to that secondary rank to which Austria is rapidly descending. Against such a division of the world England and Germany have striven in the past. Of these two, Germany cannot act efficiently without the assistance and co-operation of England. We have, then, to consider what course this power will take. In England a new school of ideas has risen up, under.the lead of such men as Bright Perseverance Hose Company, of Philadelphia, grrived in town yesterday on their way home from an excursion to Niagara, and last night the firemen bf this city honored them with a grana torchlight parade. The affair is described elsewhere. Howard Engine Co. No, 34 are entertaining the strangers, The fortnightly meeting of the Board of Ten Governors took plece last evening at their office § the Park. A communication from the Superin- fendent of the Workhouse, recommending that the Isbor of the female inmates of that institution be advertised for hire, was referred tothe Committee on Workhouse. There are over 200 women in the Workhouse. and the Superintendent estimates that j it be made to defray their expenses. A was received from the contractor for the and Cobden. It aims at establishing a vast com- mercial empire on the ocean, which shall be a leading power in the coming republic of trade. Tt would leave the strifes and military surgings of the Earopean continent to the Continent. If England holds to the teachings of this school she will ultimately triumph over both of the military empires of Eastern and Western Europe. Com- merce is the life-etream of the present age and of the coming ages. Thrones may be upheld for & time by bayonets, but their permanent existence must be based on the material interests of the People, and these can only rest on the well balanced columns of the merchant’s ledger. The true policy of England, therefore, is to let the sumed to be meditating some direful evil to the British empire. While France has Waterloo to avenge and the Mediterranean sea to convert intoa French lake, Russia hasan account to fquare with England in the matter of the Crimean war, and an empire to acquire in India. A descent upon England is therefore regarded not only as possible, but probable, and already even the question 1s being digoussed as to whether the Irish crown shall be placed on the head of Marshal Nicl, or of McMahon, Dake of Magenta—two Celts now fighting in Italy. We sympathize with poor John Ball in his troubles, But we cannot help thinking that he is altogether too bippish. He bas not yet fallen we DNESDAY, JULY 20, 1859. ne SLR, | fnto the condition of a elck man, a,74 he has bit | hls Northern exposure on the sl avery qtertiod: | iz eorritioal portion of the peopto of Pulladalpbia | self a very sensible proverb which wou! apply | to his own case: “It is time enough to bid fhe deyil good-morrow when you meet him.” Louis , Napoleon and the French people may entertain | at heart a feeling anything but friendly towards the English, but he is a man not very apt to be more governed by feeling than by common sense, If England is apprehensive of a Frenoh invasion, it is not very sensible in her to be say- ing so, nor is it the best way to insure the fidelity of an ally to be constantly expressing suspicion of bim. We would recommend our old friend to calm bimself down. There is no cause for his being so badly frightened. Nobody means to burt him. If he wasin any very great danger we might be induced to help him out of it. In the meantime let him keep his weather eye open and say nothing; or if he must talk of invasion let him repeat Cromwell’s famous advice to his soldiers—to put their trust in God, but keep their powder dry. The Commerce of the Metropolis fur 1959 — Heavy -Imports—Squally Ahead. We have given, within the last day or two, come statiatics which demand the especial attea- tion of our merchants, particularly the importers. And herewith we think we cannot do better than to reprint our table of the imports since the be- ginning of this year, and a comparative state. ment for corresponding weeks in 1857 and 1858: Invorts. For week end. July 16. 1867. 1858. 1859. $5,348,103 2,203,843 3,989,103 2,783,681 2,027,606 2300/07 Total for week. $3,181,084 4,231,609 _6,289.710 Previously rept 123,801,008 62,982,027 131,717,627 Bince Jan. 1 ‘982,987 67,218,536 138,067,237 An examination of this table gives the impor- tant, not to eay alarming, intelligence that our imports for the present year already exceed those for the first half of 1857, the period of inflation just previous to the money panic, by seven mil- lions ef dollars, Between the amouat for the week in 1857 and that which has jast expired, there is an apparent difference in favor ot the pre- eent year, but that is only an apparent difference, because the amended tariff went into operation on the first day of July, 1857, and the merchants then held back their goods in order to take ad- vantage of the reduction of duties, thus adding to the imports for the first three weeks of the new rates an immense quantity of goods which had been ordered some time before. There is still another important fact in connection with this “year’s imports. Uoder the old system, the fall business, as far av the importers are concerned, should have been finished before this time, as we have now en- tered upon the third week in July. But, from careful inquiries, we are induced to believe that the importing business will be unusually brisk in August and September. On the one hand we hear that prices are now falling, and on the other that the market is to he still further glutted with foreign goods. A paragraph in the foreign news of yesterday gives some clue to this apparent contradiction of fact. It is stated that “owing to the great pressure of goods for shipment to the United States, the Hamburg American Packet Company have resolved to send out a reserve steamer, in order to furnish the import trade the additional facilities re- quired at this period. The steamship Teutonia will consequently leave Hamburg on the 15th of July, the Hammonia as an extra boat on the 23d of July, and:the Saxonia as usual, on the Ist of August, making three departures from Ham- burg in seventeen days.” These goods are un- duubtedly the wares uf German manufactarers shut out from their usual markets by the war: and sent here on consignment, but whether for account of orders here, or consigned cn speculation, the fact that we shall eventually have to pay for them remains in force. The question then arises how are we to pay for them? Certainly not with breadstuffs. No doubt the crop will be a good one, but at the present Liverpool prices it will not pay for us to ehip cereals to that port. The cotton and to- bacco crops are provided generally before they are out of the ground, and therefore we must de- pend this year upon gold, aud must drain the banks of specie wherewith to pay for goods that we don’t really want. The West is not yet re- covered from the effects of the last crisis, and nothing can be relied upon from that quarter. Of gold we have already seat this year thirty. eight millions of dollars to Europe, and there are still five months before us. The same rate of epecie export sustained, our supplics would be exhausted in two months more, It is true that we did not send last year our whole specie balance out of the country, but at the present rate the eurplus and current supply would be exbausted before New Year’s day. The inevita- ble result of these excessive imports is to drain the metropolis of its specie, to frighten the banks into contraction, thereby breaking the kite-flying importers and disarranging for a time the financial and commercial affairs of the coun- try. We are now gravitating towards such a state of things by sending to Europe two mil- lions per week. A temporary revulsion among the importers, if such a thing should happen, would be in one way advantageous to the coua- try at large. Prices would fall to the lowest point, and while the importers would be rained the people generally would be benefitted. The operations of our importers just now are quite in accordance with their usual system of over doing business. While the country is steadily and earnestly striving to obliterate the effects of the revulsion of ’57; while we are congratulating ourselves upon the fact that peace reigns in our borders; while Europe is on the brink of a general war, and thr@nations are al- ready engaged in the most sanguinary conflict known to modern history; while our prospects for the next year are of the brightest erder—we find the eame dangerous system of over importa- tion resuscitated; and as the laws of trade are immutable, we should be false to our duty asa public journalist did we not say that the eame results, sooner or later, are inevitable. It is not our purpose to enlist among the croakers or the growlers. We have every con fidence and the most abiding faith in the re sources of our country, but we fail to see why they should be overtaxed for the aggrandize- ment of foreign manufacturers, We are quite confident that there are goods enough in the market now to supply all the legitimate trade of the Union, and we urge upon the importers the propriety of taking in sail before the squali breaks over their heads. Tae Srons—A Sovrn Carona Eprror on tae Wrono Scent.—The Edgefield (S. C.) Ad- vertiser appeals to the Southern democracy in behalf of Mr. Douglas, as the only man capable of carrying that Northern balance of power which will be required to elect a democratic Prosident. But if Mr. Douglas, on account of {a competent to secure this indispensable Nurth- | ern balaacc of power, will he act be the weak- st man, for this very réssou, that the demooracy could submit to the controlling fire-eaters of South Caroling, Georgia, Alabama and Miasts. eippi, Florida and Arisnsas, Virginia and Texast If Governor Wise may be relied upon as a Southern leader, Douglas is utterly out of the question in the South; and if Douglas alone is competent to recover to the democracy a North- ern State or two, the nomivation of Wise would be the height of folly. There must, in fact, be an intermediate candidate, and he must Occupy the safe middle ground of the administration. ‘That is all. The Sunday Movement—Its Origin, its Ob- jects and Results. The public indignation has at length arisen ia its might agalvst the fanatioal Sunday movement which originated in this city about five mouths ago, with the same party which organized the Kansas expedition, and gotup subscriptions to send out emigrants to that Territory, equipping them with Sharp’s rifles and other deadly wea- pons. The subscription list was not started to aid the Kansas humbug, but the Kansas excite- ment was set on foot to produce the subscription list, and the flames of intestiae war were kindled and fanned to swell the list and bring in the money, which was the Alpha and Omega of tha: movement. One-tenth of the fund never reach- ed its destination. More than nine-teaths were absorbed in expenses for printing and in other mysterious ways. These gentlemen, baving made a good thing out of the Kansas imbroglio, and finding it completely used up, invented another expedient for raising the wind. They resolved that they would make a Sunday excitement pay, and they went to work with their subscription books and memorials, and remousteances, and resolutions and tracts, and they collected vast eums of money from fanatics aud fools, and from smoothfaced pdlitical hypocrites who had an eye to office and hoped to reach the spoils through a whirlwind of pious dust blown into the faces of the people, And they got hold of innocent parsons who know little of human nature and some knavish po litical ones who are well versed in atl the ways of the world. Among the recruits they enlist- ed in the service were some long-faced lawyers, with more piety and Jaw than common sense, and pious merchants, who accumulated big “piles” by frequent failures, and some of minor degree, who grew rick by sandiog sugar, water- ing brandy, and such other honest means. There individuals became zealons in the couse of piety, and having made fortunes in this world, they de- termined to lay up treasure in Heaven: by rob. bing the poor hard-working man of one day in seven, by keeping him a prisoner in his own mise- rable dwelling, amidst the dust and suffocating stench of this filthy city, instead of allowing him to go forth to breathe the pure free air of heaven, and to see the green fields ar- rayed io all their glory by the hand of the Creator, or even to enjoy such recreation as a ‘German gerden” could afford. And the poor man’s children.are doomed to the same imprisonment and fetid air; and how can they grow up a healthy population? When Na- poleon was asked by Madame de Stael, “ Who was the greatest woman in the world,” he re- plied, “She who gave most children to the State.” But how can women, under such cir- cumstances, give many children to the State? Indeed it is wonderful that they give any; and it would be better for a large portion of our population that they were: never bera, than to’ be the offspring of such sickly mothers, and doomed to be deteriorated still more by the foul air of crowded dwellings-in filthy and: unsewered etreets, denied even a short respite from their misery on the only dsy in the week on which they have a chance. By the census of 1855 the foreign born popn- lation in this city was 275,382, while the whole inhabitants were 629,210. The native voters were 46,113; the naturalized, 42,704—or very nearly equal. The present foreign born popula- tion cannot be ehort of 350,000. The greater portion consists of Germans and Irish, who are authorized by the constitution to spend their Sunday as they please, but whose sacred rights it is attempted to trample down by oppressive and despotic edicts, such as do not now exist in any other country in the world, Tammany Hall gets up au excitement about an imaginary grievance to some citizen of foreign birth re- turning to his uative land—a case that may happen to some inhabitant of New York, but has not yet occurred; while here is a case of real oppression to three or four hundred thou- sand foreign born citizens, and noisy Tammany is as silent as the grave. Theee restrictions upon human liberty never prevailed in any part of Christendom ex- cept England and Scotland, and there they have given way before the enlightened spirit of the age. But this is the very time our American fanatics and hypocrites seck to re- vive them here, asif this great republic were behind the despotisms and monarchies of Eu- rope in practical personal freedom. The statutes engrafted on the common law of England are repealed, while here in the United States we are trying to resuscitate and brush up obsolete statutes, which, though not actually repealed, have fallen into disuse. Blackstone, in his Commentaries on the Common Law, says that profanation of Sunday is vulgarly but improperly called Sabbath-breaking, for there isno Sabbath now. He considers Sunday en- tirely asa civil institution, to be regulated by municipal law, and thus declares that there is no divine authority for it. He adds, that the common law does not prohibit, but rather allows, apy innocent recreation or amusement on Sunday after service is over, the object of the institution being to prohibit work, a prohibi- tion for the benefit of the people. This is the manner in which Sunday is kept by all the Pro- testant churches on the continent of Europe. Even in Geneva, where the stern character of Calvinism might be sappoaed to influence ita ad- herenta to keep Sunday more strictly, the after- noon is epcut in various amusements, in visiting, dancing, playing foot ball, &c.; and the labors of husbandry are permitted in harvest on Sunday, thus showing that “the Sabbath was made for man, and not man for the Sabbath.” Thomas Jefferson, chief among the founders of this republic, refused when President to prescribe, or even recommend a day of fasting and prayer because it would be “indirectly assuming an authority over religious exercises, which the constitution has directly precluded them from.’ He held thatreligion was a matter which solely lay between man and his God, awd that the citi zea was uot responsible to the State for his Sith or bis worship, Yet now we fied the henighted fanationl and rated from her husband. ins ;:ting on the contrary of all this, and evog the Ma, °F succumoing to the pious clawor, as ‘he reade.” Will eee by reference to another page. Sither tae whole system ix wxong, or it is right. If it aright, it ought to be carried out even to the restu2¢ of hettersin the Post Ofiew. If it is wrong, it ought t be totally abolished, whidt we trust and believe will Se the result of the pra- sent agitation. Here in New York and Brooklya we have established city cars which run at all hours. But owing to the spirit of bigotry that Prevails in the State outside of the city limits, there are few or no facilities for the people to get {nto the country on Sunday, and they are prace Mealy sentenced to incarceration. But while the rich, the codfish arlstocracy, the clergy and the whiniog saints interfere with the enjoyments of the people, they take good care to enjoy their own luxuries to a degree on Sunday beyond any other day in the seven. In the words of the ounder of Christtanity, “they bind burthens on men’s shoulders, grievous anc! heavy to be borne, but touch them not will one of their fingers.” Well and forcibly has Mr. Jefferson raid, “There never woald have ber'u an iofidet f there had not beena priest. Thi artificial tructures they have built om the purait of all mora) systems, for the purpese of deriving from it pence and power, revolt those who tia‘uk for themselves,” The Sabbatarians have got the whole press on their eide except the Henarp, which they also tried to seeure, but fuiled. ‘Bhey have the ,90- litical organizations all on their side—ti'e black republican, Tammany Hall, and Mozagé Hall—or at least they have their acquiescences, though this despotism is far greater and’ more pernicious than the Maine liquor law, about which Tammany Hall made eo much noise. But the Old Wigwam is rotten, and Mozart Hall, though young, is rotten too, It could not be anything else and be the offspring of Tammany Hall. Like a calf born rotten, it can never grow sound. As for black republicanism, it was rotten in its inception, it has been’ rotten since the day of its birth, and {tis now dying of rottenness. The holy Commissioners of Police and the pious Pillsbury are its legitimate progeny. An indignant people will sweep away all these rotten organizations at the next election, as the ebb tide carries to sea the dead horses and dead dogs which offend the noa- trils of our citizens. Surrression or Porice Recorps—A Case ror tue Commissiovers—On Wednesday of. last weck a somewhat singular case of self-murder occurred in an up town boarding house. The | vietim was a young married woman, the wife of @ eeafaring man, asd the sole alleged cause for | the act was grief at the idea of being soon sepa- Doctors were called in while the unfortunate woman wes suffering under the effeets of the arsenic, and to one of them, it appears, she revealed as a seeret the act she had committed, without assigning any motive for it. She was soon beyond the aid of medical skill, snd she died. Even on this state- ment of the affair the circumstance was sur- rounded with se much of singularity and mys- tery as'to call fora very full and searching in- vestigation on the part of the criminal sutheri- ties of our city. But what was done to: eluci- date the matter? We shall see. The keeper of the boarding house ia- which Mrs. Innee thus died was an acquaintance, it ap- pears, of Mr, Carpenter, Captain of the Sixteenth ward police. In her anxiety, more for the repu- tation of her house than for the fate of the un- happy woman who was in the agonies of death, ehe sent for her friend Carpenter, with the very charitable design of having Mra. Innes removed to the station house, or anywhere else out of her house. But when the Captain arrived it was al- ready too late. The poison had done its work. Still, the Captain’s friendship could be made use of in such a way as that the facts should not get publicity. In that respect he appears. to have done all that Mra. Whittemore could expect from her best ftiend. He saw Coroner Schirmer, and arranged for a very quiet matter-of- course, pro forma inquest, and after that little for- }mality was gone throngh with, the body ofthe wretched suicide was placed in a hearse» and, without a single accompanying carriage, conveyed with most indecent haste. to the ceme- tery, recalling the description ofa pauper’s obse- quics:— Rattle his bones over the stones ; He’s only a pauper, whom nobody owns. But Captain Carpenter’s services did not end here. It was not enough to have this hole-in-a- corner inquest held. The proceedings must be entirely suppressed. The newspapers must not be allowed to get hold of them in any way. Coroner Schirmer lends himself to the Captain’s desire; and, while he hands in the record of the inquest to the clerk at the Coroners’ office, he does so with instructions to that official to lay it aside “in some out-of-the-way corner, where it would be safe from the prying eyes of reporters. And as for Captain Carpenter himeelf, he braves everything for friendship’s sake, and actually declines and refuses to make any report of this sudden and mysterious death in his ward to the Deputy Superintendent. Here is a most disgraceful attempt on the part of public functionaries to hush up what was oer- tainly a very suspicious case. The woman may have died by her own act, as Mra, Fanny Deane Halsey may also have done, and no relatives or others may have had any direct or indirect con- nection with her death; but in the one case, as in the other, the attendant circumstances were s0 singular as to call for the most sifting and thorough investigation. The one inquest was as great a mockery as the other. Both fanctiona- ries in this case should be held to a strict ac- countability for their acts. Coroner Schirmer may have kept within the letter of the law by delivering up the record to the legal depositary; but Carpenter violated the law not only im apirit, but ia letter. His not making a report of this transaction was a gross and wilful disobedi- ence of instructions, fur which he should bo severely punished. If the Police Commission- ers, instead of paying so much attention to. tho Sabbatarian laws, would take this matter im hand, it would be more to their crodit and te the public advantage, Tae Cauirornia Botte Democracr.~-4 Portion of the democracy of Caiifornia, like their disappointed brethren of Iliaois, Peringyl- vania and New York, have been, making a terri. ble uproar against Mr. Buchazan ond bis admi- nistration. Thus the Proceedings of the late, Anti-Lecompton or Deraccratio Bolters’ State Convention of Califorrsia, in the violence + ‘of its leading orators against the official acts a” 4 mea- sures Of Mr. Buctsanan, will lose noting by a Comparison With the denunciations of even the late Hickman-Forney Conveation of Pe nngylva- nia, Tor example, Hon. J. 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