The New York Herald Newspaper, July 20, 1859, Page 2

2 THE COUP D'ETAT OF 1851. Sreculations or a pees | [From the Now You Hraxp, December 22, 1851.] THE RECENT EXPLOSION IN FRANCE BY LOUIS | NAPOLEON, | ‘The new revolution in Frauce, of the Ist instant, con- ceived and executed with suc promptuess and cucrey Ly | Louis Napoleon—the dispersion of the late Natloaal As- sembly—the appeal to universal suilrege—the proje ct for Bnew form of goverpment, witb Lou! ou at ie bead, for ten years a% least, are events of the greatest iin portanoe at the present tnd, to Frauce aad Furope; and although they may siartle many poreons oo both einen. oF the Atlantic, they are still events that might naturally have been expected by any one acquainted with the French national character, and tae curious state aud coa- ition of parties in that republic during the last two oF ‘three years. “AD wo bave alrondy intimated, wo do uot express, any | extraordinary surprise at this sudden cmp d'éta’ ond = Volution in Paris and throughoat France. |The tendency of parties in that curiously constituted republic—the pol- excitement, which was increasiog every day— utter selfishness ‘aod want of prin2tple among politicians in that country—all tended fo produce an teapreasion, the mind of the calm observer that the election aqpording to the corstitation for next might very probably be anticipated by some such sudden convulssion or coup d'etat from ove faction or the other, ‘which bas been raging in France for the last two or three ears. The first queetion that naturally suggests iteelf in ‘country concerning these events is, how will Louis Napoleon be able to sustain himself?—What probability of success is there before bim in carrying out the brief pro gramme prefiguring the new goveroment which he intends fo establish on the ruins of the old? We shall reply to this question with perfect disinterestedness, and with a due estimate of the present position of French society, in pe. religion, morals, trade, and all other avenues of fo. During our recent visit to France we mado it a very earnest subject of our investigation to ascertain, from all Sources, the probab’e destiny of that country, and the ebances which apy species of republican or other govera- ment bed for permanenco and popularity, Accor: to the best of our judgment, we are very much disposed to believe that Louis Nayoleoa, from the very boldness of his coup d'état, and the imperial traditious still hanging around his name, will be aolo to carry out, in every point of view, his programme of revolution, which he bas pro- mulgated by proclamation in Paris’ and throughout the departments. Be wil! 09 doubt have some st/ong el ments of opposition to conte pst among the ocialists, the red republicans, the ¢ ta, ant tue Bourbonista, of varions shades and characters, But he never would have again appealed to universal suffrage, uplees under the pe conviotion that, in the exoltoment of the mo- ment, and in the cuthisisem created by his coup d'état, he covld procure his own re-election, and the return of two Chambers composed of friends of his system and his programme. i For some time past, a very large and influential portion of society—the middie claszes, aud men of business in Paris apd throughout the cepartmenta—have changed their notions on the subject of government to a very con- siderable extent, partisularly as regards democracy and republicanism. The great masa of the French peopie are without religion of apy kind, Their highest happiacsa consisis in enjoying the good thinge of this life, witnout caring for a future, for en eternity, or for a God, in aay form or shape thatcan b» perceived. They with peace ‘anc good eating. Under these eelfiah feelings , they will generally unite in this movement of Louis Napoleon, and Bupport his views, becaure {t_ may realize, in their expeo- tations, a permanent form of government of some kind, Peace und prosperity, and trade and comfort—matters in which they take a cep interest, without regarding poli- tics or social theories with any other feelings than thoge of Contempt and scorn. In addition to this, a targe portion of society—the country people—from reminiscences of the great Napoleon, will generally unite in these feelings to- wards the present movements in France, The army, it seems, from the firmness which they have displayed | Paris, is entirely secure for the cause of the new President, who is scon, probably, to be called to the imperial chair, NEW YORK HERALD, WEDNESDAY, JULY 20, 1859. : ond proeecuting works of tuternal tmprovement, he will concentrate the agricultural interests, og peace, he will likewise make it advantsgeous to she other | derpotic Powers of the Continent to support bim in tis | porition. There is very littio doubt i jeed that in making ‘cup d’ctat in We manaer he did, he acted under the advice of ali the otber Powers, and received promise of support from them in cage be should need it, Toe revolution in France will have a very important etfect on the whole of Rurope, The revolutionists of Ger- mocy, avd Itauy, and England, by this act of Louis Na- po con, are deprived of a great deal of the streugsa which they confidently relied upow, besides having the pro- atmri e ofoperations entirely deranged and thelr d 8 frustrated, They are pow like a building without a cor- ner stoce, The whole of Europe qill, in all probabfity, become a vast military deepotism—an imperal Rome oa an extended scale—in which the people will be ruled by the mntlitary, Even England will be affécted in a similar | .. ‘That country never yet made any concession to the people without being forced into it; and we would cot be at all eurprised if the reforms promised by Lord John Russell were withheld, and an exension of the cloctive franchise denied. The reins of government will no doubt be drawn tighter, instead of being loosened. In regard to the United States, the only effect of the Sear foreleatley. Te dacmion of te pepe ig cur foreign policy. y or ne ree pte ngrsiery is seul at a 3 hgh miliary wo prev. rope, it wou! sheer madness to intervene in the slightest degcee. Ia- stead of having to contend with cne nation, we would bave to contend with all, Kossuth’s mission, too, aad Kin- kel’s, and thst of all the revolutionisie in England and ia ‘this country, may be said to be ended, and contributions will cease to flow imto their treasuries. There will be noting left for us to do but to preserve our glorious in- etitutione—to keep down treason and disunion at j\ome— 10 prosecute our works of internal improvement—promote ur interests in every possible way, and to go into the lection for next President as s00n as possible. Koseuth’s Sophisms on European Politics. (from the Naw York Herap, December 29, 1861.] EOSSUTH AND THE RECENT RBYOLUTION IN FRANCE. The recent tamous coup d’état of Louis Napoeon ia France, the military government which now seems to be Grmly fixea upon the necks of tne Freach people, aud te sensation, with its peculiarities, which bas followed these events throughout Europe and this couatry, were taken up by the eloquent Koasath during his late visit to Pails- celphia, and made the basis of the great speech which he deiivered on that occasion to the authorities there, [hat specch contains his deliberate opinion, conceived with great eloquence, and delivered with much force, 02 those Astounding events in Fraace, From his position aud popu- jarsty in this country, bis opivion will unquestionably bave great influence among his admirers, and ail that por- tun of the people who only look at the surface, out seldom idp deeply tuto the depths of human affairs, Ail these ceiculations of mighty consequences from little Tenis will not amount to much. If toe socialistaor the republicans of France, or all the factions opzosea to L Nayoleon and the army, were to unite and create a war in that couatry, and were they also to be victo:ious over Louis Napoleon and bis forces, the conditioa of France would not be a bit better, nor nearer to the polat of demosratic institutions. A military government simi- lar to the present would succeed the defeat of Napo- icon and bis troops But the truth is, there ssems to be no prospect, ut present, that a suificient force can be raised among the opponents of Napoleon, even to create a civil war in France. The other despots, with their million and 8 balf of etanding armies, are deciiediy in his favor, and wii listen to no complaints from those wao have been baniebed from France. Tee coup d'état of Napoleon is a natural event in the his- tory of Frasce aud of Europe. During the several former re- voiutions the standing armies of France remained aimost neuiral. Every émeute was commenced by the owvricrs, and Ube barricades Were managed by certain bands o( tne National Guard; while {the troops of the line, whose busi. ces it was to fight, looked on in idieness and stupor, till nearly the close of ©-ery contest. Tue military of France have just discovered a greatetecret. They have at length ascertained that they possess withia themselves the ele- ments of strength and force beyond that of all those un- and to move from the Elysee Bonrbon into the Tuileries. All these views wi!l moet likely be found to be correct, in the course of the next few weeks—as soon a3 we shall have ascertained the result of the elections about to take place under the new revolution. Louis Napoleon has taken possession of the whole power of the government, without the check of a National Assembly. All the agi- tatore7among the Orieanists, and Bourbonists, and social- ists, are dispereed, or will be dispersed, or put in prison. The press will no doubt be brought by military coercion into ag eudservient a condition as it was during any period of the Empire. Paris is declared in a state of siege; and the same policy will be displayea towards Lyons,’ Mar- egeilles and all the other larve democratic cities of France. The mew governmect will rush into the election under universal suffrage with entbusiagm and clamor of ali kinds ainst moparchists and eocialists. The chances are that the elements of coramerce, of trade, of imperiatism, of social life,and of religion even—such ag they have it in France—will unite in favor of the new movement, and that Louis Nepolcon will be able to carry all his points before the people, and in lees than one month ostablish a new government of two Chambers, composed of a large majority devoted to his intcrests,aod a Presidency for ten years, with the prospect of creating an empire, and at no distant day. This is the way ic which this sudden morement may be regarded by France, and the causes may be found withia the limits of France lerseif. ‘But how will afl tbis be regarded by surrounding na- tions on the Coutinent—by England, Germany, Italy, Austriz, Russia, and other countries? Most likely this movement has been instigated by thee very Powers. No doubt the British government ia ss much implicated in advising Louis Napoleon to take this course, ag Austria, Russis, or sny other despotic country. Th's seems to bo the most probable rotati:ju Of the acuiimente wad parposcs of the other nations of Hurope towards the extra ordinary coup d'état ot Louis Napoleon. Ifsuch be the case, they wil! stand by and look on with perfect delight at the progrees of reaction towards monarchy ani des- potiem in the French republic. Nothiog may be expected foore these quarters at all hostile or repugnant to tae con- duct of Louis Napoleon. He is moving ia their direction, and they will encourage bis progress. ‘Another very important consideration springing from these extraordinary events is the probability tnat the British government, ia combination with ibe other gov- ernments of Earope, alarmed at the meaacing revolution of 1852, will likewise go backward, and postpone or evade the promize which Lord Jobn Russell recently made to brivg forward a new reform bill,ani an enlargement of the elective franshise. We should not be at all surprised vernments of Europe were to pretend to be the appearance of things—evch az Kossuth's progres England—and to demand of the British overnment the expuision from London of all the Ialian, jungarian, German and Frencn refogees who have been congregating in England for the last two or three years, ‘end endeavoring to raice a revolution over the wnole Jon- tment in 1852. If such be the case, Ledru Rollin, Maz. zini, Louis Bianc, and al] the cxpatriated patriots oi the Continent now in London may bs expected in this coun- try—the refuge of the refugces of the who'e world. The migeion even of Korsuth in this country is check if not nearly put an end {olor the pregent, by these sudden event in France. His prospects of reaching Hungary are damped for the present to a very alarming exteat. In fact, the movement 0’ Louis Napoleon is merely a con. tinuation of the spirit of reactisa on @ larger scaie—2 re- action produced in France and generated ia Earope by the ignorance, folly, violence and want of skill in the origi- pators and promoters of tbe various revolotious of 1848, Throughout the Coflinent, socialism, irretigion, violeace ai folly which marked the revolutions of 1848 ax: ruined the cauee of well-regaiated liber for at least some years to come. Lo doubt, violated the ution and his coup d'état; but wil revolutions are vioi ing lawa and constitutioas, oud he may . round of neceesity a jency fur the course he haa pursued, ag Ledra Ro martine did when they assumed, without a the suprome gov. erpment of Fra afew short mouths, in con: ent and fitness for their posts. some years to a ineilsiency of such men as u, who did not ow bi when they liad it entire their cont clr own haude Yet we do not ultogorher despa'r of France or Europa for all time to come. They must run another cycle of ten or fifteen years und imperial rule, or what will be the next thing to it, before auother generation can be taught talent, religion, intelligence and morality, capable of car- Fying’ true republican government into operation. | With I the intelligence and philoropby poseessed by Franca the peopie of that country eecin to be, from their previo babite and religious notioaa of a thousand years, uni! for republican government conducted ou the plan of checks and balances, a8 we understand it in the United States, or ‘as it is understood even in Engiand and other Protestant countries, None of thesouthern countries of Earope— Spain, France, Italy, Austria, nor even Hungary—can be capable, for a long time to come, of establishing republican self government on the principle of checks and balances—— freedom of the prees and ot thonght—ae we enjoy it in this country, or even us it exiats in England. If a repub- Ue were established in Kogiaad and in the countries of the North of Europe to morrow—in Holland, Prussia, Den- mark and Sweden—the poople of these countries, from the habita of thought and eeif-reilection which the Protestant religion gives them, would be at once capavle of self. jovernment, as they ave shorn themzolves to be capa. of self- intelligence and seif dependence in the cont eon P concerns The Coup d’Etat in France, THE REVOLUTION IN FRANCE—IT3 CONSEQUENCES. (From the Naw York Heratp, December 2 iL) There is no doubt that the character of France, by the ‘act of Louis Napoleon, has been changed. She is no longer @ republic. By the coup d'état of the President, she nes ‘been changed toa military despotism, like Austria and Rosaia, and will, in all probability, remain such for a long and indefinite period of time. Louis Napoleon will oar himself as long as the army remains faithful to By Poe ‘ereafter, France will be ruled by the nna organized or sudden revolationiats. [bere can be no Goubt that the recent military revoiution ia France is a deep laid design, formed by the leaders of the army, using Louis Napoleon merely as a name and aymbo! in the new destiny and the new fate which await the French people. With snarmy of three hundred thousand m»a, and a cestral'zed civic force of five hundred thousand cflice holders, with supreme powerjin the departments in Paris—these ‘two forces, military and civil, formirg nearly @ millios of men in possession of power, wiih tact, and determination, and courage, and want of principle and plenty of demoralization—can hold France a8 long as the Roman army held the empire of Rome, from the time of Augustus Ciesar to Augustalus. ‘ibe true philosophical reading of France and Europe is Very different from, and very opposite to, that which Kossuth hag given to theee events. Surope, in its civiii- zation, morals, state of ecciety, government, politics, 13, in come reapects, In precisely the same position as it was when Augustus became master of anctent Rome, under the authority of the Roman arms, or the Prietorian Guards. All Evrope is now uoder military despotism. Stunaing armies, amounting in the aggengate to two mil- lions of men, with centra''zed civic cilice holders, proba- biy equal in all to three millioas more, are now in posses- gion of all power over the three huadred millions of people in Europe ; ard that power, by the same ayatem, they can keep in their porecssion for the preeent century’, and yerbays for two or three centuries more, aa the Lower Empire was held and governed by eimitar military orga- nizations What is there to oppose the union of such physical and guch civic force, combicing everything in religion, in commerce, in trade, in power, and demorali- zation, allfor thorame end? Tke democrats of France bave, on several occagions, tried their hand at sel(-gov- erpment, und particularly previous to the election of foots Napolenn, and have zhown thomaelvse dapivrat'y igooract, impracticable, abeurd, end unequal to'the task, The republicans of Germany, ot Hungary, of Italy, of tha whole Continent, furnished the samo deplorable idatances of incapacity for self government. Now that the cespota, with their two miilions of men, have the who'e Cuntinent cnder their hele, what can theee impracticable democrats, ‘roken into violent personal factions—what can they doy all the men of commerce and trade, who care nothing for political theories or religious opinions, will unite, and tupport the military governments, France included. Tae numense armies will keep down al! émcutes—all insarrec- ‘.one—and the terror which they will carry throughout Europe will only the more enable them to establish a new Reman empire, en a larger soale, “with five heads and ten horns,” all united onthe same great prinoiplc, and imbued with the same selfish purposes. No matter if Louis Napoleon is arsassins‘e1 to-day—the army wil! put another in bis place, ag the Prwtorian Guards did In Rome. Ifthe Emperor of Russia lozes his !ifo the next day, or the Emperor of Austria be substituted for another the day after, the military régime has discovered its power over modern civilization; and the military régime, com bined with the centralization of the civil offices, will coa- tinue that government as long as the sams system and the same elements continued it during the decline and fall of the Roman empire. The telegraph, printing, stean— all the great physical and intellectual improvements of the age—only tend to give strength and unity to that oid Roman system of government which hag been revived, improved and enlarged in our own day. These, we contend, are the correct and philosophical conclusions which ought to be taken of the receat evonta in Europe, if we read history with due consideration, and have no object in view but that of instructing humanity and the present age. In fact, instead of argatug at all for the return of the republican era by these recent eveats es Kossuth wants us to believe, we ought to look fart in respec; to our own intercata in this country, aud preservation of the institutions which hava been eres on this continent from the hostile isroad of Europe will soon entertain against us, Here is the hot bed and inc source of uli tne democracy which hitherts has agitated wo fruiflecsly in Earope; and it is much moro 7 that these vindictive, malicious, atrozious despite of Evrope, with all their military apd naval power, may con 6 against the liberties sod interests of the Uattod Statcs, than that they will fall victims to apy insurree- tion or to amy War Of the democracy within their own imits, The views of Kossuth on t! views of un eloquent sophist. ive intellect: the inductions of a ot of a philosophic statesman: and we trast will teke hie sudden and flighty fancies on v bite alfairs for the golid deductions of awakened intellect from terrible facts. We would advise him and d that the despats Frege revolution a/c the bis friends to turn thete attention to sober realities—no! sephistries, absurdities and improbabilities, however flac in langusgn. novel in thought, or eloquent in delivery. Let them all take @ leeson trom their avant-courier, old Governor Ujhazy—tet them go to the Weat, bay farms, Ss free mais Practical Philotonters, and Koasuth ay be returned from some Western Stat : and a Congresaman, Allelso ishumbag © “este —_____. Destructive Storm tn Louisville, [From the Louisville Democrat, Juiy 16, The ciouds which we have looked for with such longing, yearning and eager earnestness, darkened the sky yester. day afternoon, and the dusty, dry and dismal city was tho tcene of a pyrotechnic display scarcely ever equalled be- fore. We bad rain, wind and lightning. The cioge and sultry atmozphere seemed euddenly resolved into a grand electric battery, and for an hour was overcharged with ita surplugege of Hashes, The storm came from the routhwest, and was attended by afurious wind. Every strect in the city ran as if it Were a militail, and the dirty thoroughfares were tho roughly cleansed by the operation. The storm with the greatest severity in that Fortion of the city sonth of Broadway. We counted in our rambles over a smell space over one hundred ahade trees that had been uprooted or broken down, Tho effects were not leea seriously felt upon buildings, To show how fierce and furious was the storm we an- ex a small chapter of disastera:— Roof blown off Gaulbert’s grocery, corner of Seventh : 7 . ecney: Oa the opposite corner small frame pe Peforthed Church, Ninth and Magazine, un- Hovse corner of Sixth and Broadwa; Halbert, damaged by a falling trea 2? PrOPOrty of ME. man empire was by the Prietorian Guard. teenie for the time being will be the Empe:ror, or Dic- of one ident, as the case may be. When they get the way, and place Xhey will put him out of or or 2,8 ttead. Indeed, it required only apoiecn to hasten this chaage ‘n tho Tome; Phe ipg and ambi 2 publicaniam; and Louis i; ‘which, sooner or later, won others io France, government. Here\ are inconsistent with on oaly adopted a polioy ve been follo ved by Now, it will y D A vire fore,'the army bet \y compose the government; and mon who, nade out to hare Im the would be mere soldiers, will =e a rcnrenge other capaciti generale w! ia co fo ‘and figured #0 conspicuously in eines peal nce noise, excited the Of others, who, in ti, pop head of thelr soldiers, woo” cninpar poled ‘Thetr vanity being offended, Louis Napsienn fern eae faithful allies for the furtherance of ee But, although Louls Napoleon « on these means, he may, by a prope: Ait pei retain power for a considerable pe ms, It beg wise, he will pursue a course calcviated 1, please the fe, and reconcile them to his meas rcs, “a oase the img peace, he will be upported by all the merceahrenerY tradivg Suterest Count : |, Which are, la er | o trepgi! strong Clement of it Al bee, eplendid edifice of the Fifth ward school was un- Ell and kitchen of A. A. Gordon Broadway, unroofed and blown down. rn OF Tard and Rear of U. B. Everts’ new house ot " ridge, blown down. mn Third, near Breckin. Three houses on Portland avenue, Mass, — Down hora jue, one belonging to Mr. é grocery jam Stephens, co: if and Third atreete, was serkecaly ibjared. boiieaiona Sa Anow house of H. J, Mead, Tnird street, beyond Broad. "in 'vatious portions of the city th var! portions e city there wore other eimilar disasters. Oa the levee the blacksmith shop of Mr. § ™ P tery ith shop of Mr. Smith ie boats in port suffered somewhat—the John G; brane ee being ike an the landings. The Bote r ‘Laure inn (—Apesal ili was completely bursted off Gn the Oakland Trotting park, where a race was about : occur, the track flooded and the lightoing struck peach treo within a few yards of the stand. Trees were alo struck in Jacob's woods, experienced in Louisville This ia the most severe " storm Fone ine terribie disaster by a tornado in August, 1854. ¥, 00 this occasion, no Hyves were lost, though Srcum eacapes almost amounting to the “e | by the members. He then addressed the Convontion in | finithed. Sixth Annual Convention of the Confederated Young Men's Christian Associations, SPECIAL REPORT FOR THK N&W YORK HERALD. Taoy,N, Y., July 18, 1859 Our city for the last few days has bose enlivened in a eomewbat serious manger by the sittings of the Six\h ‘avoual convention of the various Young Mco’s Christian Associations throughout the Union and tho Canadas, Delegates from all portions of the country were proseut, comprising every variety of taint and form, and the fact passenger at every turn and upon every atrect bas caught bt of a white ribbor—the badge of the Convention— upou a sombre black background, One would think black the color of the wedding garment requisite to admit the bearer to the marriage supper of the Lamb, judging from the strange pertinacity with which the more religious por- tion of our commuuitios cling to it. ‘Tho Convention met upon Wednesday, the 13th, at 3P.M., in the First Presbyterian church, There wore from one hundred and fifty to two huadrod delegates present, The Convention was called to order by F. A. Sheldon, Keq., of this city, President of the last year's Convention, who gave outthe byma commencing “all bail the power of Jesus’ name,” which was sung afew words of welcome. He said it became his duty by virtue of the office with which ho had been honored ove year ago at Charleston, to aay a fow words at the opening of this their sixth annual convention. It was with heart full of joyful emotions that he looked forward to the fow days they were to spend together. The recollec- tion of the many happy hours he had evjoyod on similar occasions heretofore furnishes tae material from which the imagination paints the refreshing hours that aro now upon us, The Lord of Hoste has been in our midst to biess us. He has manifested himseif to us as Se doth not to the world, Let us then, as we enter upon the duties and privileges which lie immediately before us, seek first the guiding influence of the Holy Spirit, Let us lay a deep foundation of genuine brotherly love, which must ever be the life of aseociations Like ours. Thus, by God's blessing, as we mingle our councils apd experiences, shail we rear a fuperatracture which shall bonor our Maker and advance the intercet of the cause which brings us here. He closed by welcoming them to the homes and hospitality of toeir Troy bretaren. A prayer for the Divine bicssing upon the labors of the Convention was then ollered up by the Rey. Mr, Smith, of . Fox, of Philadelphia, was appointed secretary ‘0 tein. ‘Ibe roll of delegates was then read, when delegates from the following places answered to their names: — ‘New Haven, ona ; Bennington, Vt.; roy, N. ¥.; Siapleioa, $ [; Utica, N Buffalo, do.; Waterford, d> ; Rondout, do'; Scheuec- tacy, do.; Newburg, do ; Poughkeepsie, do.; Pailadel- bia, Pa.; Alleghany City, do ; York, do ; Magheim, do.; Trenton, N. J; Jersey City, do.; Washingtoa, D. C., Rich- mond, Va.; Alexandria, do’; Fredericksburg, do. ; Raleigh, N.C ; Charleston, 8. C 5 Columor 3; AU. Cincinnati, Obio; Cleveland, do. ville, Ky.; Indianapolis, Ind. ; 8: York city. 2 = In addition to thege there were corresponding delogates from following places:—Americus, Ga; Greeatield, Mass.; Keokuk, Iowa; Frankford, Peno.; Baioit, Wis; Frederickstown, N. B ; Montreal, C. E.; London, ‘0, W.; Wescbester, Peon ; Pitisheld, Mass. On motion of Mr. BRainaRD, of New York, the Chair ap- pointed a committee of one from euch State and Province, \o report a list of officers for tne ensuing year. The following committee wag appointud:—C. Brauard, New York; L. Caapin, Charleston; W. P. Mamford, Rte mond, Va.: A. G. Selden, Bennivgton, Vt.; John Venam: ker, Philadelphia; Isaac 8. Sm9th, St. Louis; Dr. Aiken, Louisville, Ky.; E Seavey, Portsmouth, N. H; Robert Gribble, New Qgieans; 0. U. Wright, Wasbington, D, 0.; 8. P, Fisher, California; R. D. Davis, St. Jobn, N. B.; J. J. Alston, Selma, Ala; James Lander, Jert 7 city Say'er, Cincinnati; D. B, Plum, Augusta, Ga ; N. land, New Haven, Conn.; C. ‘A. Toad, ‘Iadianopoli Sillingbast, Keokuk, Iowa; H. B. Nason, Beloit, Wis. The committee retired for consultation. The Cuair announced that the time during which the committee were out would be passed in devotional exer- cises. A bumber of prayers were offered and addresses made, interspersed with singing. The committee then returned and reported the following Mist of officers:—President, Geo. N. Stewart, of Philadel ice Presidents—J 8. Watkins, Richmoad, Va ; Pots, St. John, N. B; L. R. Fisher, San Fraacigco, Cal.; Seoretarice—W. J. Reese, Washington, 0. C.; CL: Ives, New Haven, Conn.;J.N Pointer, New Orloaus, La. Mz. Srewanr earnestly insisted upon being excused? but the Convention would not listen to nim, and the nomina tions were acopted by acclamation. Mr. SaELDon, the retiring President, then addressed Mr. Stewart, congratulated him on having been golected as the presicing officer of the Convention, and concluded by re- signing the office into his bande. ir. Stewart tben thanked the Convention for the honor conferred upon him, and in an eloquent address stated the objects and purposes of the Convention. Ile concluded by proffering a request for a prayer in debaif of the fire- men’s prayer mectiog which was being heid in Phiiadel- phia at that hour, In compliance, Mr. Miller, of Cincin i, offered an carnest and eloquent appeal to the Throne Grave. It was moved that the report of the Central Committes be read, and the President prepare the standing com- mittees while the reading progresaad. Carriod. This report is a very bulky avd extonsive document, rnd Mr, Gray, of Philadelphia, having read some half an tour from it, tae reading was postponed unti! Thursday morning. The dajly sessions were then ‘ixed as foliows:—Morning reesion, commenciog at nine o'clock, aud ending at one o’c'ock; the first half-hour to be devoted to prayer and other devotions! exercises. A(ternoon seesion to com- mence at three, and end at six o'clock. Evening session to commence at eight o’clock. The ParesiwENt announced the standing committees follows:— Committee on Confederations—Prof. Milton Taylor, Cin- cinnati, Ohio; W. P. Mumford, Richmond, Va.; RD. Davis, St. Johns, N. B.; Dr. J. W. Atken, Louisville, Ky. Chas. 'N. Todd, Indianapolis, Ind.; J. E. Ryerson, Augusta, Ga.: N. A. Halbert, Buffalo. Committee on Associations—R. C. McCormick, N. ¥.; L. Hazard, Trenton, N. Chapin, Charleston, 8. C.; 0. Rey. Jas. Eells, Cleveland, Ohio; Jos. De Golyer, Troy, Y.; Jas. N. Bradley, Jr., Washiogton, D. C.; L. N. Eaton, Alleghany City, Pa. Business Cummitve—L A. Duncan, New Orleans: Smith, St. Louis, Mo.; ©. W. Swift, Bonnington, Vi.; W. H. Towle, Alexandria, Va.; A H. Bryant, Budaio, N. ¥.; Wm. Getty, Philadelphia: Andrew A. 3mitb, Brooklyn. Devotional Committee—K. W. Boughton, Troy; Rev. G. Smith, Macon, Ga ; J, F, Hibbard, Rondont, N. We Bruce, Chicago, [11 ; J. J. Alstein, Ala.; Ea,’ Colgate, New York; Wm. C. Viegg, Troy. Several gentlemca were admitted as corresponding mem. ‘bers, when the Convention adjourned until the hour ot the EVENING SESSION. ‘Tue exercises opened with a voluatary upon the organ apd prayer ¢ Rev. @ C. Baldwio, D. D. The read. ing of the Scripteres followed, when a hymn of welcomo, by F.P. Allen, was Sung by the choir in a very beautiful manner. Avery happily conceived aud wel: the relations of the Christian Ags road by the Rey. Alex. R, Thomps0a, of Bridgeport, Conn. , when, another orignal hymn baring been sung, the session clozed, The delegates adjourned to the basement of the church, t pats aa hour ta godal latercourse, Tacnspay Mosnine, Jury 14, The roll wae called apd delegates answered to their names. A motion was made and lost that the calling of the rol! be dispensed with in future. An invitation for delegates to visit the rooms of the Young Men’s Association was received and adopted. Mr. Duncax, of New Orleans, from the Basiness Com mittee, reported a resolution that the journal of proc’ed- ings be published in pamphlet form; also that the Central Committee baye power to engrave a certificate of mem. bership, Regolution in favor ofthe journa! approved. As there was nofunds for providing the cert.ficates mentipned the matter was dropped for the present. The reading of the annual report of the Central Commit- tee, which had been postponed until this morning, was The report referred in parts to the different commitieee. . The Convention then went into Committee of the Whole On the State of the Confederation—Mr. Wotkyas, of Rich mond, Va., in the chair, The fret sufject considered was tho confederation, its System, utility and claims. An essay on tre subject waz read by Mr. Lowry, of Cincinnati, ‘The Confederation received its present organization in 1855, after working upon a gomewhat modified plan of the London Agsociation. Previons to the confederation it was thought the associations suffured from a lack of kaowledge of ouch otber’s plans, and from the want of mutual fel jowsbip. It was concluded to catablish a bond of union, and for that purpose a convention was called at Buffalo. There were quite a number of difficulties in the way, tho Metropolitan aseociations feeling that their position and icfluence entitied them to the lead, and that the other as- Sociations should be branches only, and the smaller branches fearing that they would become entirely second. ary. Another objection was advanced—that the meetings of the conventions at various times, as might be agreed est —— one oe iggy of a large sum of ney, and another ia the supsosed ature. PE Jealousy of the le plan of the confederation, as finally agreed on} made ali the conventions eal, and invited “all associa’ tions to participate upon a commoa footing. Tho conven tions are only recommendatory, and have no power in controlling the: various associations, The central com mitice is the executive organ—gathers {nformation and disseminates it, and attends to all the incidental business. Each association is indepondent, and, while at Mberty to send as many delogatre og it may choose, hag but one vote, More than ordinary care is taken to preserve the equality fof members; the only position of prominsnco— membership of the Gentral Committee—is one of hard labor, and requires almost undivided attention to the labors of the association. The utility of the confederation ite history was all th 5 xocated eaaay upon ion to the courch was required no argument; roof requisite upon this point. After some arks from various delegates com- mendatory of the pian of the confederation as it at present exists, deprecating any change, as the beneficial influence arising from {t and’ the Presence of 200 delegates here demonstrated the entire bag fen A Of it, Ir. Nuarrz, of New York, moved that the commitice arise and report the three folio wing propositions: — 1. That the experience of Strated the wisdom a. c of coofederat:oe, and that to violate the principles and form of the origt- nal or tion. 2. that the influence of the confederation uj arso- ciatious has been most im} t and useful in its charac- ter, and bas contributed in a pre-eminent degree to the succees which has attended theic efforts, 8. That baying established its value by a long trial, it has claims upon, and is entitled to, the co-operation of every association that desires tho extension and pros- perity of Young Men’s Christian Associations in the try. ig tek gute was in favor of changing the form of resolu- tions for articles, and moved to Insert the words ‘ essen- tal form’? in [-- first article, but on request withdrew his evdment, whea “ae SayLer, of Cincinnati, moved that the Convention take up the reeolutious from the Committee on Confedera- tion, to the eflect that the revised articles be submitted to the Convention as soon as ible, and, if approved, that they becoms the basis of the confederation. Motion pre- vailed. After a lovg and somewhat interesting debate, the ar- ticles as revised ane creer Mea dowa to the various associations for adoption or rejection. A Duiscare Serene that tickets for the excursion to Saratoga would be diatributed in the afternoon, Taviaten fos ae Emma Willard to call upon her this evening acce’ 5 After spending ten minutes in devotional exercises, the Convention adjourned until three o'cleck. THURSDAY AFTERNOON, JULY 14, ‘The first balf hour was taken up in listening to reports from one or two of the various committees. Mr. McCormick, from a committee appointed to walt upon Governor Morgan and request him to be present to- morrow evening, reported that they hed seen his Exoel- eee ‘and that be promised to be present on that occa- ! The Convention then went into a Committee of the Whole on the condition of the various as aociations. Mur. Fox read an esaay upon ‘The Relation and Duty of Young Meu’s Christian Associat‘ons to Evangelizatioa ia city and country.” He said—We are as it were upon the very thresho'd of the great work which lies before us. Wo expect great things in the future, and this leads to contemplation of the vest metbods of a the great objects before us The great purposes of Christian work are various, and consequently require a union and variety of effort. The poculiar duty of the Young Men’s Christian Association is to elevate young men, Young men occupy the game relation to society that the heart does to the Sone: Ir the ode i pure and healthy the other will be. Young Men’s Aseocia dons bave already done muca for the improvement nd reformation of young men. He spoke of the union prayer meetings as one of the great inetrumentalities which thege asecciations baye used in furtherance of their designs. He to the mrayer meetiogs which had been instituted at the various firemen’s stations, and tie beneticial results which bad reauited thorefrom, and sug gested their favorable cousideration to tae various aa80 Stations throughout the country. He closed by urging upon the members the necessity of cultivating persoaal piety, this be'pg the great source from which aa influence for good emanmes. Ober speakers followed in the same strain. A DeLeGars read from toe minutes of the fret Conven- tion, in fevor of havieg mission kad Sabbath schoo! labor performed by the members, and spoke in (avor of acting up to the resolution, : The Cuare requested all who were engaged in the Sab- bavh acico! to stand up. The mombers arose en masse. Certain propositions touching the regulation of assovia- tions, and the best method of exerting a correct influencs, were referrea to the Convention, The committee then roge, reported progress aud asked further time. The report of the Committee on Confederation in refer- ence to the Christian Journal, was read. In making the re- port, the committee earnestly urged upon the various ag fociations the necessity of a liberal support to this period- ical, Aslight discussion foliowed, at the conclusioa of erbich it wag retolved that the association be calied upoo for subecriptions at fifty cents, Something like 2,509 copies were ordered taken. Adjourued until c'ght o'clock. EVENING SESSION, The evening exercizes began with @ voluntary on the organ, ainging and prayer, after which Rouser C. Git- omnist, Eeq., of Charieston, 8. C., delivered the anoual addrese to a very large and appreciative audience. This genticman’s address was a very able and eloquent produc tion, creating a marked impression upon the audi ence, We regret that a want of space precludes tho possibility of reporting it in fall. at its conclusion a — vote thanks was adopted, and ‘a copy of tbe addreas requested for publication. Tho ses- zion then closed, nd the members formed in a procession aud marcbed to the residence of Mrs. Emma Willard, where they were very agreeably and hospitably onter- tainea for an hour or more. FRIDAY MORNING, JULY 15, ‘The Convention came togethos at nine o’clock, and atter spending a few moments in devotional exercises, the roll war called for the purpose of ascertaining the number of subscriptions to the Christian Journal. At the suggestion of a delegate 5C0 copies were presented to the Troy Asso- ciation. Reading of the minutes dispensed with The Chairman of the Committee on Confederation re- ported shat urgent appeals had been recsived from the following named cities for the presence of the next con- vention:—Chicago, Louisville, St. Louis, Cleveland and New Orleans; that having considered their various geogra- phica! positions, the conveniences for reaching each poiat, and the expense, the committee had settled upon Louisyilic aud reported in favor of that city, Mr AXxrELL moved adoption of report. A Dermcate moved a5 an amendment that the Conven. tion proceed to ballot by asgociation. Carried. Avery spicy debate followed, tho various delegates urging the claims of their cities with great earnestness, but atthe seme time with rare good hamor, The vote being taken, the city of New Orleans wae by alarge ma- jority selected as the place for the next Convention. Upon motion, the vote was made unanimous. A New Orleans Celegate returned the thanks of his ageociation. The SgcRETARY announced that one of the Collins eteam- ers would be chartered, and two steamers run from Lou. ieville to take the delegates down. A report of the Committee on Associations, in answer to certain interrogatories suggested yesterday, was then read. The Convention then wen} loto Committee of the Whole to bear the essay of Mr. Langdon, who aunounced 28 his subject— fhe Proper Sphere of the Christian As- eociations. their Character and Influence.” His essay wi listened to with more thim ordinary attention, as it had becn whitpered that this eecay was likely to become a fire- brand in the Convention. At {ts conclugion he submitted the following propositions, which emboty the glet of his remarke:— 1, Resolved, That the consideration of ou: uty towarda unconverted young men, our various modes of usefulness es an ever be governed by consideratiors of our relations to the several ecclesiastical organizations which our associations 2. Rezolved, That no aegociation has avy conetitutional right to purgne any course whateoever contrary to the de- nominat'ona! priacipies of any one of the said ecclesiastical organizations; and that this obligation ia beyond the reach cr the power of majorities, And, furtber, in view of the above conaiderations, and in view also of the fact that certain of the ecclesiastical organizations which we represent hold to the exclusive ht of a divinely orgnnizea church of Christ, to under- ke tho propagation of the Gospel; therefors, 3. Reaolved, That the Young Men’s Christian Agsocta- tion {8 an institution for the general propagation of the Gospel; it a got here to enter upon the work of ovang. zation,'nor the independent exercise of any of the fu tiops of the visible church of Christ; but 't is rathor a function of the church, under ite entire control, an auxl- lary and subordinate to the sane, and, therefore, incapa- ble of entering upon any field of labor which may not bo virtually sod practically the common ficli of each and every denomination in the asgociation rather than the fisid of aseociation itself. 4, Resolved, That tho institution abides by its his torical composition, ‘that it is an institution for the for- mation and derelocement in young men of Christian cha racter and Christian activity,’’ and that tt deprecates any departure from its limitation of iis sphere as greatly do. trimental to its influence and usefalness, The fifth resolution declares that such agencies are legi- timate, and the sixth, that being go, they are proper and expedient. There propositions were replied to in a very spirited manner by a member who differed from them entirely. He knew of no euch thing as differences in the church of God. Christ would never have taken o denominational view of doing good, nor wou'd he have given the biessing of His religion only'to certain clesses of men. The Con: vention, after ginging and prayer, then adjourned until three o'clock, FRIDAY AFTERNOON, JULY 15, Upon the opening of the Convention the Committee on Confederation reported in fayor of Richmond, Va., as the point of location for the Central Committee. Adopted, The Committee aleo recommended the names of the com- mittee and arrangement of districts. Letters from several associations were then read, Tho Convention refused to go into committee of the whole, and Proceeded to take up docket business, when various ques. tions, P rca gg and suggestions heretofore submitted were discussed at length. ‘The propositions of Mr. Langdon, as they came up for digcuséion, created the most intense excitement, and were very roughly bandied, Mr. Langdon’s ideas were in decided- ly bad ocor, and while the greatest good will was oxprossed for him personally, bis propositions were laid upon the table without the compliment of a vote. Mr. Langdon then announced his determination to withdraw from the Convention. Aa the meeting closed, a very affecting scene was enact- cd. Mr Langdon has been, from tho organization of tho confederation, ono of its most prominent and useful mem- bers, and ia personally very popular. The benediction being pronounced, the delegates—many with tears in their eyes—crowded around him, solicitiag him to recon- sider his determination. He was very much affected, EVENING SESSION. Tn the evening an cesny was read by Mr. McFarland, of New Haven, Ct., “Upon the Developement of the Young Men's Christian Associations.”’ The speaker soomed tho- roughly acquainted with his subject, and held tho very large audience in wrapt attention until he closed. A vote of thanks was adopted, and a copy of the essay requested for publication. ¢ PRESIDENT then introduced Governor Morgan to the Convention io, a few very handsome remarks, The dele- gates arose, when the President extended to him the hand of welcome. Toe Governor returned his thanks to the Convention for the honor thus conferred upon him. He said that upon his return from attending the closing exercises of the StateNormal School, he found the delegation in wait- ing. He bad at first thought it would be impossible for him to accept, but on entering the executive chambor and meeting a large to bpenon representing one hundred asso- co ns, with 20. members, be changed his purpose aud avswered yes, hoping that hie presence here ou ac count of bis oficial position might afford gratification to ri tal Christian heart, He continued: Yours is a will on earth. You have asso- to enjoy the fruite of our religion ‘The ad of such & gathering cane be estimated.” Think you crime would quen' men wer, trained, and led into the society of Ory ane properly of yours? Think you the Executive every possible reward for the expenditure of money theso associations can besiow. I thank you for the opportunity ee afforded mo of being to- oe Go on; what you have begun; and give God ry. r speakers followed in a few brief remarke, when the session closed with the benediction. ‘ SATURDAY, JULY 16, ‘This day was ect apart for pleasure and recreation, after the arduous duties of the past few days. The programme imcluded a trip to Saratoga Springs and a dinner at Con- grees Hall, undor the gonial auspices of the Troy Asso. ciation, A prayer meeting was held at eight o'clock, after which a procession was formed, the sombre habiliments of the delegates enlivened by a judicious inkling of orl- ‘noline and its accompan! cf et rte ie deco ‘The train arrived in Saratoga at 103, o'clock. The La logat ‘oattered themselves throughout the village, and, while mbibing the sparkling waters of its springs and strolling beneath the ccol shades of its trees, soemod to onjoy themselves very highly. er jous 1g room. y Hatt ‘and seated themselves to the banquet, The follow- ng is the head of the bill of fare:— “Lot bi fove continue.’? Sixth Annual Convention. Young Men’s Christian Agaociation. on. Complimentary Dinner Given by the Aseociation cD N. Y., Congress Hall, Saratoga Springs. Hatboro & McMichaol, Proprietors. SaraToGa Springs, SatvRDAy, July 16, 1869. “Whether, therefore, ye eat or drink, or whatsover yo do, do all to the glory of God. By this shall men know that ye are my dieciplos, if ye have love one to another.” Tocre were three tables running through the entire lepgth of the room, and every seat was taken. The energy displayed by the members in disposing of the good things befere them amply demonstrated that bey appreciated the good things of thig life. At the con civgion of the dinuer several very happy speeches were mace, in &cknowiedgement of the courterice which had bern extended to the Convention by the Troy Association. The exerciees bavirg been concluded, the return train wos takca at balf past four o'clock, and the company ar- rivcd home at cix—all expressing the most unqualified plossure at the day's proceedings. CLOSING SESSION—SATURDAY EVENING, ‘The church was filled to overflowing. Exercises opened by singing and prayer, pensed with Mr. Murer, of Cincinnati, moved that the miautes of the Convention be referred to the Ceatral Comm'ttee, to be revised end corrected. Carried. Mr, Grrcenist, of South Carolina, offered the following rerolations 1. That this Convention reaffirm the declaration of tho Picbmend end Montreal conventione, “that we do not in- tend that tbis ipetitution shall take the bighcet place ia cur affections, or the largest share in our labors, but that ‘we hold this organization ag auxiliary to the divinely ap- potpted means of grace—the church and the preaching of tho Gospel. 2. ibat the a! jong should in all cages carefully avoid ip their enterprises anything that might interfere with the duties of members.to their respe>:ive churches. Regolutions adopted. A Detxca1z moved tbat six Vice Presidents be appoint- ed instead of three. Carried. Quite a large number of propositions and votes of thanks to cifferent men and bodtes were offered and ae A jong communication from Mrs. Emma Willard, ad- dretsed to tbe Convention, was accepted. After some time pasied in evoticnal exercises, Professor Saytxer called up the following resolution, heretofore offered by bim:— Resolved, That it is a subject for deep and humble gratitude fo God that so much harmony has prevailed in our deliberatiors, such upenimity attended our actions ‘and £0 much Christian love pervaded all our hearis during the scesiors of the Convention. Adopted. ‘Tho busincee 0! the Convention then closed. Minutes dis- Lake and Ocean Direct Trade—Movements of the Fleet of Lake Vesiele. From the Cleveland Herald we glean that the J. G. Deehler reached the Irieh coast on Monday, the 27th of Jume, and at the date of the letter (July 1) was at Green. cok, all well. The Deshler sprung her feremast while ia the Gulf of St. Lawrence, and ran under shortened sail allthe way. Ssyeral icebergs were seen. A seagull, with a pecuitar wing, accompanied the ship from Cape Race acroes to Ireland, and was daily fed from the vessel. The Grand Tusk was off Portemouth, June 28, bound, it was supposed, for Hamburg. The Va'eria was at Queens town on the 29:h of June, ordered to Liverpool. Tne Gold Hunter was off Queeastown on the 30th of June. ‘The brig Caroline was offered for sale at Liverpool. She 16 described a2 being twelve yoars old, and the asking price ta £12,000. If net sold at that dgure there was a Probability of her getting a charter to Rio Grande at thirty tive ehulings sterling per ton for coal out, and the efme price for boue akhes backto Liverpool. The following advertisement appears in the Liverpool Papers, and has bcon extensively posted throughout that or R Link or Packers for Lave Ears —Loadirg in Beuna- wick deck, for Cleveland, Ohio, direct, the beautiful American schooner R. H. Harmon, F. A, Burke, com- maréer, 551 tops. This splendid veseel hi the pasenge from the 3t Lawrence in the short space of eighteen days, and haying wearly the whole of her cargo engsged, pregents @ rare opportunity to chippers. e rates of freight from Liverpool to Cleveland are quoted:—Fine goods 40s. a 4$a., measurement forty feet tothe ton; berdwore 368., weigbt or measurement, ag best for veescl; soda ashes, &c., 328, 6d. do.; rope ‘and ccrdage, 408. co.; iron aud pige 8Cs , weight; machinery and castivgs 5¢s., weight and meagurement; salt, in bags, 86e., weight; earthenware 25¢,, measurement; aie, bottled, 5 do. The Detroit Ziibune contains the following letter from the Captain of the brig Caroline: Livrrroor, June 2! ‘Dear Six:—I arrived here at eight o'clock #. M.,on Monday the 2iet, after a tolerably fair passege. I left Quebec om the morning of the !6th ult. When abcut balf way cown the Gutf, it commenced blow- ing very hard from the northwest. We weathered is very well until the sea rig very heavy, wher we were compelled to heave to. 'e lay twenty four hours, when, tnere being no elgue of better weather, wo bore up and eteered for vhe Stra‘ghts of Belle Isle. Forty eigat hours after bearing up, when about half way through the Straights tbe wind ehifted to southwest. After laying for sixteen hours, weighed archor and cleared the land in six hours We encountered large icebergs of prodigious thick- ness. After clearing lend, fourd large fields of ive to tee- ward and ahead, stretching off to southenst; hauled up, and finally found it lay north and south, wiud southwest. T required two duya to beat to windward of the ice, thus losing two Gaya of the finest wind we have bad. The Caro'iue has mado a quicker paseags toan anything that left at the game time. She has made the sanie timt from Quebec as the Harmon aud Warner. Tho Pride o Cansca, a large ship owned here, left Q .ebec three or four cays alead of me, aod arrived here only about a mile ahead. Yet she is called the gemaricst ship in the Quebec trade We bave, notyithstanding our deten‘ion, made the pasesge from Detrolt in 4017 daye—actnally less then you supposed would te required for the run from Quebec here. We were only thirtcen days from land to ‘and, ‘The only accident we have had was in gettiag under way at Quebec. Tre email agchor stock broke, and we drifted agtcrn, running on the bows of a ship, car- Tying away the main boom and one davit; thas detained me two days I bavo been docked two days, end have not commenced ditebarging yet. N, MALOST. A letter from Liverpool to Detroit says there 1s a de- mand for four or five cargoes, but after they have been secured, a fa!l in prices may be looked for. Aftera consi- derabie decliue, however, there will still bea handsome margin. The above house recommends to Cleveland owners that, inasmuch asthe time js at present unfavorable for the tale of veseels, they should be gent on a voyage to the Ucditerranean. Some that intend to return'st once to vhe Jakes will return to Europe in the fall, with the viow of being employed on pait water during the winter. A Female Siave Restrained of her Liberty, HER APPEARANCE IN THE BOSTON COURT HOUSE. [From the Boston Evening Journal, July 18.) This morning, at Plymouth, Mr. N. B. Spooner potition- cd Judye Thomas Russell, of the Superior Court—who was in Piymouth at the time—for a writ of habeas corpus, to take the body of one Maria Gaskins, a female slave then in Plymouth. ‘The petition sete forth that the said Maria is a married woman and is restrained of her liberty by one William Holmes and wife, of New Orleans, on this 18th day cf July, 1859, The writ was issued, and made returnable to elther of the Judges of the Supreme Judicial Court, and placed in the bends ef Deputy Sheriff John Atwood, Jr. ¢ Sheriff proceeded at once to serve the process upon Mra. Holmes, sno; taking Maria into custody, brought her to this city, = Teturned his writto Judge Metcalr, of the Supreme urt. Maria states that sho is about thirty-five years old, was born in Savannob, Georgia, and was pw ed by Mr. Homes, who took her to New Orleans. When Mr. Bolmes and bis wife left New Orleans a fow weeks since, she (Maria) was told that they were going to take her to her Iriends in Savannah; instead of which, as it now ap. Pears, they took passage up the bay ae river, and came across the country to Plymouth. She further states that che is restrained of her liberty, and hag not near so much liberty hero atthe North as she had in New Or- Jeans, as her mistrees did not like to havo her go out at ail, but she went out yesterday to church, and found friends to wom she related her story, and this proceeding ta the result, On account of the unavoidable absenos of witnesses, tho cage was postponed till nine o'clock to morrow morn. ing for examination, Wm, L. Burt, Eeq., appeared in bo. haif of the slave. « Mackerex Fisnzry.—The Newburyport Herald y# that a lotterr received from Port Mulgrove, Gut of Caneo, dated July 6, states that but two vorsels had ar- rived from the Bay, one with 118 barrels and another with 150, Last year by this time several veesols had ar- rived, some with good fares, Cmovs Prorrietor Kinien.—Mr. Leonard, one of the proprietors of H. Buckley & Co."s circus was killed op the Ist inst , at White & F o Hog of Baw’ yy. Togens “ e Attorney General Biack’s Opinion upon Exe Patsiation and Naturaiization. Wastincron, July 18, 135% Attorney General Black has, in compliance wit the request of the Presidemt of the Uaited States, rendered an opinion in the case of Christian Erast, native of Hanover, and who emigrated to this country in 1861, when be was about ten years of age. ‘This subject was recently made tho basis of a commu- ‘ication to our Minister at Berlin, who was instructed to demand the release of Mr, Brost, It eppears that be was nataralized last February, aad {n March, after procuring a regular passport, he went back to Hanover on a temporary visit, He had been m the village where he was born about three weeks, whoa he was arrested, carried to the nearest military station, forced into the Hanoverian army, and there ho is at the Present time, unable to return home to his family and bu- sinens, but compelled againgt his will to perform military ‘Tho Attorney General says that this is a case whiot makes it necessary for the government of the United Staten to interfere promptly and decisively, or acknow- ledge that we havo no power to protect naturalized cttl- ons when they return to thoir native country under ang ¢ircumstances whatever. What you will do must of ‘course depend upon the law of our own country as com- trolled and modified by the law of nations, the constite- tion of the United States and the acta of Congress. ‘The natural rights of every free person who owes as debws, and is not guilty of any crime, to leave the country of his birth, and in good faith, and for an honest purpose— the privilege of throwing off bis natural allegiance, and sub- atituting another allegiance in its placo—the general right, im one word, of expatriation, is inconteatibie. I know that the common law of England denies it; that the judicial deoi- sions of that country are opposed to it, and that some of our own courts, misled by British authority, have ox. pressed (though not very decisively) the same opiaion. But all this is very far from settling the question. The municipal code of Eogland ig not one of the sources from which we derive our knowledge of inter. Rational law. We take it from natural reason ant justice, from writers of known wisdom and from the practice @ civilized mations. All these are opposed to tha doctrine of perpetual allegiance. It is too iojurious to the general interests of mankind to be tolerated. Justice denies that mea should either be conilaed to their native eoil or driven away from it against their will, Aman may be either exiled or imprisoned for an actual offence ogainst the law of his country; but being born fa it is aot crime for which either punishment can be justly in- Bicted. Amorg writers on public law the preponderance in weight of authority, as well as tho majority ia number, coucer with Cicero, who declares that the right of ex- patriation is tho firmest foundation of humac freadom; and with Bgnkershcek, who utterly denies that the ter rilory of a State is the priaon of her people. In practice no nation on earth watks or ever did walk by the rule of the common law. All the couatrics of Evrope have received aad adopted and naturalized the citizens of cue another. They have all encouraged the im«aigration of fore'gners into their territories, and many cf tkem have aided the emigration of their own people “fhe German States have canceded the existence of the rigbt by making laws to regulate its exercise. Spata and the Spanish-American States have always recognized it. England, by a recent statute (7 and 8 Vic.), haa estaolish- ed @ permepent system of naturalization in the very tecth of her common law rule, France bas dope the same. and besides that has de- clarea im the Code Napoleon (Art. 17) that the quality of a Frenchman will be lost by naturalization in « foreign country. There is no government in Lu: or America which practically denies the right. Hore in the Unitea States the thought of giving it up cannot be entertained for amoment. Upon that principle this country was popu- lated. We owe to it our existence as anation. Ever siace cur independence we have upheld and maintained it by every form of words and acts. We haye constantly pro- mised full and completo protection to ail persona who should come bere and eck it by renouncing their natural aSegiavce and tranaforring their fealty tous. We stand pledged to it in the face of the whole world, Upon the faith of that pledge millions of persons have staked their most importart interests. If we repudiate it now or spare one acom of the power which may be necessary to redoem it, we eball be gulity of perfidy so gross that no American con witnese it without a feeling of intolerable shame. Expatriation includes not only emigration out of one's netoral country, but naturatization in the country adopted as s future residence. Woen we prove the right of & man to expatriate himself, we establish the lawful suthority of the country in which he settles to natu- ralize him, if the goverpment pleases. What, then, is natural:izanon? There is 20 dispute about the meaning of it. The derivation of the word alone makes it plain. Ail lexicographers and all jurists define it one q In its popular etymological and lawful sense it sigui- fies the uct of adopting a foreigner and clothing him with all the privileges of a native citizen or subject. Toere can be no doubt that naturalization does, pro facta, place the native and adopted citizon in precisely tha sume relations with the government uoder which thoy live, except 80 far as the express and positive law of the country has made a distinction in favor of one or the other. Tn some countries immigration has been so encouraged vy giving to adopted citizens certain immunities and privi- Jeges not enjoyed by natives, In most, however, political favors baye gone the other way. Here none but a native can be President. In some of our States foreign born citi- zens are Sneligible to the office of Governor, aad in one of them they cannot even vote for two years after they are naturalized. But if these restrictions had not been ex- presaly made by positive enactment, they certainly would Dot nave existed. In regard to the protection of our citizons in their right at home and abroad we have no law which divides them into classes, or mykes any difference whatever between them. A uative and & paturalized American may, therefore, go forth with equal security over every sea and through every Jand under heaven, including the country in which the latter wes born. Either of them may be taken uj under a debt contracted or a crime committed by himself; but both are absolutely free from all politica! obligations to every country but their own. They are both of them American citizens, and their exclusive allegiance is due to ihe governmert of the United States. One of them never, did owe fealty elsewhere, and the other, at the time of bis paturalization, solemnly and rightfully, in pursuance ct public Iaw and manicipsl regulation, threw olf, renounced end ebjured forever, all allegiance to every foreign prince, potentate, State and sovereignty what. ever, and especially to that sovereign whose eubject he bad previovsty been, If this did not work a solu- Von of every political tie which bound him to bis native country, then our naturalization laws are a bitter mock- ery, end the oath we administer to foreigners is a delasion. and a snare, ‘There have been and now persons of a very high Teputation who hold that # naturalized citizen ought to ba protected by the government of his adopted country everywhere except tn the coontry of his birth; but if be goce there, of is caught within the power of his native tovereign, fis act of naturalization may be treated as a mere waiity, and he will immediately ceaco to havo the rehiecf un American citizen, This cannot botras. It pon (and itz advocates do not st the Cogma which denioa Jon without the consent of hat is untenabie, ag I think I Neitner is thie ported by the practice of the world, Ing ovr naturalization lawe ara eppoacd to it in thoir Whole spirit as well ax in their ex- press worcs, The States of Europe are also, practically committed against it. No government would allow ono of its own enbjeets to divide Lis allegiance between it and another sovereign; for they all kaow that no man can ferve two masters, In Europe, as weil a8 here, the al- Jeginnce dcmanded of a naturalized reeident must have been always understood aa exclusive. Toere are not many cages on record, but what few we flud are aniform and clear. One Alberti, a Freuchmas, naturalized here, went beck end was arreeted for en offence against the milttary law, which none except a French subject could commit; but he wa discharge whea his ma- tional ckazacter ag an American citizen wes shown A Mr, Amther,a native of Bavaria, after being natural. ized in America, and living here for many years, deter- mined upon returning to his native country and resuming bis original political etatus, The Bavarian government, #0 far trom ‘guoring his naturalization, expressed a dou st whether he could be readopted there. But the most da- cisive fact which history records is the course of the Bri- tisb and American governments during the war of 1812. The Prince Regept proclaimed it as his determination that every native born subject of the British Crown taken pri- soner’while serving in the American ranks should be tried and executed as a traitor to his lawful sovereign. ‘This was undoubtedly right, according to the common law doctrice. The King of England had not given his as- sent to the expatriation of those people. If the Prince Regevt had a right to arrest naturalized Englishmen, Scotchmen” or Irighmen, in Canada (as the King of Han- over arrested Mr. Ernst in his dominions), and compel them to fight for him, he certainly had a right to hang them for fighting against him. But Mr. Madison denied the whole doctrine and all its consequences. He immedi- ately iseued a counter proclamation, declaring that if any ndturalized citizen of the Untied States should be pat to death on the pretence that he was still a British su yject, two English prisoners ehould suffer in like manner by w: of retaliation. The Prince Regent's proclamation w: never enforced in a single instance. A principle whic! our government successfully resisted under such circum. stance ill scarcely be submitted to now. The application of these principles to any natur: citizen who returns to his native country is simpis and easy enough. Ho is lisble, like anybody ols, to ba ar- resied for a debt or acrime, but he cannot rightfully be puulrhed for the non performance of a duty which is eup- posed to grow out of that cf allegiance, which he has ab- jured aod renounced, If he was a deserior from the army, be may punished when ho goes back, because de- eertion fs acrime, On the other hand, if he was not ac- tually in the army at tho time of his emigration, but mere- ly able, like otber members of the State, to be called on for bis share of rollitary duty which he did not perform, beonuse Le left the country before the timo for its por- formance came round, he cannot juatly be molested, Any errest or detention of bim on thet account ought to be re- garced as a grave offence to his adopted country. Whit acts are necessary to make him part of the army’? What constitutes the crime of military desertion ? Whether a person drafted, conscribed or notified, but not actua'ly serving, may be called a desorter, i{ he fails to report himself? These are questions which need not be digcuszed until they arise. But it may be eald that the government of Haaover haa a rigbt to make her own laws and execute thom in her own way. This is strictly true of all laws which aro ta- tended to enforce the obligations and puni#h tho offences of her own people. But a law % otber Es nite ot esas » operates on the Interorte ant rig reoples mumt bo wide oud States