The New York Herald Newspaper, July 18, 1859, Page 1

TT ae WHOLE NO. 8351. =— * ——_—~. A ARRIVAL OF THE INDIAN. | rwO DAYS LATER FROM EUROPE. “Investment of Peschiera and, Verona by the Allies, IMPORTANT NEWS FROM GERMARY. THE PEACE PROPOSITIONS OF PRUSSIA Prussia to March Her Armies to the Rhine and the Frontiers of Silesia. Prince Napoleon Arrived at the Scene of Action. Debate in the British Parliament on the Neutrality Question, STATE OF THE MARKETS, &e., &., &e. The steamship Indian from Liverpool at about noon of the 6th instant, passed Farther Point at 3 P.M. yesterday, and will be due at Quebec at 5 A+ M. of Monday. The steamship North Briton from Quebec arrived st Liverpool at11 P. M. of the 5th inst. ‘The steamer City of Washington was to leave Liverpool, and the Ariel to leave Southampton for New York, on the afternoon of the 6th. THE WAR IN EUROPE. DESPATCHES FROM THE SEAT OF WAR. The following despatches show the course of events:— A private despatch from the French headquarters, gated the 3d instant, says:—This morning, at seven o’clock the Emperor quitted Volta in order o cross the Mincio and establish his headquarters at Vallegio. We are only four leagues from Peschiera, the siege of which was begun two days ago by the fardinians. Cannon were heard night and day in that direction. The Austrian advanced post is buta short dis tance from Villafranca, which is occupied by the corps of Marshal Niel. It is much doubted that the Austrian army will yenture to accept a battle in the condition of de- moralization and stupor into which they have fallen since our victory at Salferino, OFFICIAL. Vauuear0, July 4, 1859. The French army, increased by Prince Napo- keon’s corps, will operate against Verona whilst part of the Sardinians begin the siege of Peschiera. ‘The Emperor having sent back the wounded offi- cers without exchange, and having requested an exchange of prisoners, an Austrian has arrived with the announcement that the Emperor of Austria will also send back without exchange the wounded pri oners of the Allies, and that his Majesty is equally desirous for the exchange of others. OFFICIAL. Turn, July 1, 1859. On the 29th ult. the Sardinians more closely in- vested the exterior fortifications of Peschiera, situated on the right bank of the Mincio. Our army crossed the river on the 30th to invest Pes- chiera also on the left bank. Berne, July 5, 1859. ‘The Austrians have withdrawn from Bormio. The Piedmontese are advancing towards the Btelvio Pass. Frome, July 4, 1859. It is asserted that French troops, amounting to ten thousand men, have disembarked, at Lossino Piccolo, an island in the Adriatic, and that the bridge to Cherso, an adjacent island, had been de- stroyed. A report was current at Castiglione that the Austrians had entered into Verona. The London Herald's Turin correspondent says that twenty thousand heds had been ordered down from Milan to Brescia, and ten thousand from Turin. There were great complamnts of the scarcity of provisions in the villages occupied by the Allies. THE POSITION OF GERMANY. On the 4th inst. there was an extraordinary sit- ting of the Federal Diet at Frankfort, when Prussia presented new and further proposals respecting the establishment, extension and command of the corps of observation on the Rhine. Immediately after the sitting M. de Usedon left for Berlin. Prussia, it is said, has given tranquilizing assur- ances to the French government. A Berlin correspondent of the London Times says that the Prussian proposals were in the hands of Russia and England. The writer says that by the end of the week the Prussian army will be in fall march. Two corps d’armée will be stationed on the Silesian frontier in case of an unexpected attack on the part of Russia. On the lower and mid- dle Rhine 140,000 Prussians will be stationed, when these preparations are completed Prussia will pro- bably make her proposals to France, and these will unquestionably be refused. The same correspon- dent gives an outline of the propositions which in- clude the erection of Venice into a separate king- dow, with the Archduke Maximillian as King. THE PAPAL STATES. An inquiry into the late disturbances at Perugia had been ordered. ‘The official condemnation by the French govern- ment of the article which appeared in the Paris Siecle affirms that respect for the papacy form part of the programme which the Emperor is car- rying outin Italy. The responsibility of the con flict at Perugia is cast upon those who compelled the pontifical government to make use of armed force for legitimate defence. The Monileur de Bologna publishes a letter of Count Cavour addressed to the junta of Bologna, saying that the government of the King cannot ac- cept the union of the Romagna with Piedmont, but will direct the Roman forces to concur for the pur- pose of obtaining Italian independence. GREAT BRITAIN. In the House of Lords on the 4th, a motion for a select committee to inquire into tho operation of the church rates system was agreed to. In the House of Commons, the same evening, Mr. Griffiths inquired whether the British Con- ul at Rio de Janeiro had exercised anything to prevent a certain contract for the sale of slaves in Brazil by a British mining company from being carried into effect. Lord John Russell said that the company had been informed that they would he liable to penalty if slaves were sold. Mr. Glad- stone announced that the flaangial statement would be submitted as s- eur were pre- pared: «fA a8 the estimates pre: ae Present” ession to bring ina bill to carry ou the rece’ mendations of the Commissioners for a -ag the navy. = Lord L paget said it was intended during "ord Palmerston repeated his statement, that no reform measure could be introduced at present. On the Sth in the Lords, Lord Stratford de Rad- clifle gave notice of a resolution approving the neutral attitude assumed by the government, rely- ing on the continuance of that policy, but at the same time adopting measures for the completion of the national defences. Lord Lyndhurst strongly advocated vigorous measures of defence both on sea and land. He thought that a regular military force of one hun- dred thousand men ought to be maintained, and an equal force of disembodied trained militia. He re- garded the assertion, that France had no wish to invade England, as undeserving of consideration. England ought to live in perfect independence of French forbearance, relying alone upon the vigor of her people. Lord Granville deprecated the introduction of a subject of so delicate a nature. He thought Lord Lyndhurst’s remarks were calculated to annoy and irritate the French. He spoke, however, as did other members in favor of strengthening military and naval defences. In the Commons, the Chancellor of the Exche- quer, in answer to Mr. Baxter, said the attention of the government had been called to the contract to caary the mails between Galway and the United States; but had not yet considered whether it would be to the interest of the public that the said contract should, under certain conditions, be cancelled. He intended, however, to move fora select committee to inquire into the whole system of contracts, The Fourth of July was celebrated in London by ® banquet at St. James Hall—Gen. R. B. Campbell, United States Consul at London, presided. Among the guests were Messrs. Dallas, John Bright, M. P., Cyrns W. Field, and others. The usual toasts were given and responded to with much euthusiasm, Mr. Dallas in a speech compared the present position of Italy to that of the United States in 3776, in its wish for independence, and without entering into the merits of the war, expressed a warm sympathy with the spirit of national independence, let it exist where it it may, and concluded by proposing a sentiment to that effect. The Chairman in proposing a toast of non-intervention, the true policy of a free gov- ernment, coupled with it in eulogistic terms the name of Mr. Bright. That gentleman responded ina characteristic speech, in which he gave his strong assent to the toast, and reiterated his admi- ration for American principles. Sundry other speeches were made and all passed off well. Charles Villiers has been appointed President of the Poor Law Board, with a seat in the Cabinet, vice Milner Gibson, who accepted the post declined by Mr. Cobden. The London Advertiser gave currency to a ru- mor that Mr. Cobden is likely to be offered the Governor Generalship of Canada. It is stated that Mr. Disraeli was offered a baro- netcy on his retirement from office; he declined it. Mr. Hure, British Consul at New Orleans, sued for and obtained a divorce from his wife in London. A deputatioin from the Atlantic steamship Com- pany (Galway line) had waited on the Chancellor of the Exchequer to urge sundry improvements at Galway harbor. It was announced that the Atlantic Telegraph Company obtain the co-operation of Robert Ste- phenson, Professors Wheatstone and Thompson, who, with Mr. Varley, consulting electrician of the company, and other scientific individuals, will form a committee to investigate and advise as to the construction of the next cable. Mr. Saward, Secretary of the Atlantic Telegraph Company, publishes letters contradictory of the absurd rumor that the cable had never been in practical operation. He shows that there were actually transmitted a total of three hundred and sixty-six messages, or thirty-nine hundred and forty words. FRANCE. It is again currently reported in well informed quarters that that the Emperor intended to return to Paris in July. The vintage is expected to be superior quality, but not abundant, The harvest in Algeria was completed, and the crops excellent. Flour was dull and nominal in Paris. Wheat had declined fifty cents on the week. The corps d’armée of Pelissier to observe the frontiers of the Rhine was to be completed and es- tablished in cantonments by the 13th of July, it consists of 160,000 infantry, 12,000 cavalry and 400 cannon. The Bourse was buoyant, and the three percents had advanced. AUSTRIA. The London Times Vienna correspondent says there was something wnusual going on between France, Russia and Turkey. Interesting from Russla—The War Feeling - In Germany—The Royalty of the Pope— Affairs in Turkey—Trade in France, &., &., &e, INTENTIONS OF RUSSIA. THE CZAR’S OPINIONS ON NATIONAL cei {From the Inyalide Russe (organ of the Russian War Office), June 24.) We suy that a Congress will ultimately have to do- ppoBe eide upon the fate of Italy, in which the voice of all par- adoption of such a pian fa required vo keep up the balanes such a pl req ‘eep up the balance of power in Europe, and the rights of all States united by (aban LI rac existing eerie treatics. In litical "system Tope ho important charges can be brought about withont the sanction of the great Powers. 16 voices of eight millions of Irishmen would wot be sufficient to securo in lence for their tion would prove useless. In 1848 Germany bad already led to Vice Emperor, when Napoleon and Victor Emanuel. These we are certain, do not base their claims on the fact only of victories won, but wait for the consent of Europe to sanction the acquisition of either territory or rights. It is, therefore, desirable that a Congreas Mould be called together as c00n a8 possible, RUSSIAN OPINION OF AUSTRIA’S POSITION—STRENGTH OF THR WILL OF THE PEOPLE. (From the Invalide Russe, June 24. Every Stato in Europe is desirous of its own way—that is to say, to it to be most advantageous. y to the desperate ition in which she found herself after Campo-Formio, ngo, Austerlitz and Wagram, when sho was compelied to consent to anything that might be demanded. She has as yet only lost one great battle— that of Magenta—during which she up to tho last moment had hoped to gain the advantago. Sho is atill master of the strategic part of Lombardy, and has an army of more than 200,000 men. It will be, therefore, painful for her to give up what sho has coveted since the time of the Guelphs and the Ghebelines, to yield her land— tho fortile soll of Italy. And to give it up to whom? To the petty King of Sardinia, whom she would not even recognise in the treaties of Vienna, and to whom, thanks to the entreaties of the Em sho gnvo a potty State, but naturally with a view to make of it an eternal cnemy of France and « vassal of the policy of the Cabinet of Vienna, afer the example of tho sove- reigns of ' Modena, Parma, Rom los. q 16 ant to Austria, but it is meyertholees what js required ne hee wd The idea of o ® concession is deeply rev a —-—- = MORNING EDITION—MONDAY, JULY 18, 1859. BEE en ftey rebel i i z g E E At | i Ere E i é the develope i'self more and even to the heart of ‘Austria. The Hungarians tne halans, and’ the Salavo- to their proved courage and the goodness of their cause. Such was the le of Ps ‘at the commencement of war. A loan of upwards of £4,000,000 was voted man cauee. In Southern Germany a different feeling existed. smaller courte—the humble vassals of Austria—endea- by to th pockets shen -gureramens bressoed ‘aD a) e a Joan of $4,000,000, and of this ‘sonall um but $500,000 ues x . , The loan a the excitement bas died away and left alliance and Prossia. He failed in bis mission, but General ‘Willisen was sent to Vienna with a view of making arrangements between the two Meanwhile the emailer courts—Bavaria and Wurtemberg, the struggle, and to interfere for the for trian, Ay were made to friendship and to nati to passion and to interest. Prince it, however, remained firm until the unex; news of the of Magenta arrived at Berlin. mous sensation, and the court call out the Landwehr, and give Proposals for peace before Austria was too much weaken- ed in the struggle. The mobilization of army was, Bowersts Go prove Cp) Se eee oe ample consideration, ‘the for a few days. ceetcnst General pre Prince Gortechakoff’ note arrived, and was considered in the light of a menace; and; lastly, the Derby aiministration, which throughout Germany was accepted as the supporter of Austria, fell under the combined attacks of the liberal party. Then it was that xious to prevent the “ghield of Get ” from being further tarnished, wea ried of the importunitics of the minor Powers of the Con- federation, desirous ofanswering the implied menace of Russia, and determined on action before the Palmerston government had time for remonstrance—threw down tho ove and issued the order for mobilizing six corps d’armée, jo new danger thr i—no popular excitement pre- yailed; the act was that of the government, and of ‘the government alone, the people being powerless in the matter. It is this act, this order for mobilization, which has placed Pruseia n'a false position, one from which a ‘ble igsue is most difficult and improbable. ly to understand this, itis necessary to consider the mill system and organization of this kingdom. FRENCH OFFICIAL CONTRADICTION OF GERMAN WAR NEWS. [From the Paris Moniteur, July 2.) The Augsturg Gazette of the 24th of June thinks proper toreply by noel ees to the comparison which we made in our number of the 2ist, between the infor- mation given in a journal or report found after the victory of Magenta at the Austrian headquarters at Abbiate Grageo, and the assertions of the Gazette on the subject of the combat at Palestro. We shall not notice either the first part of the reply ide f the German journal, or the manner in which it es it; but will confine ourselves to observing—1. That our comparison had no reference to the figures of the ical Gasdte of Vienna, which we were not acquainted with; 2. That the Augsburg Gazette contradicts itself, fore insinuating that the de Redern is an invention, it should have cal that in ita number of the 11th it itself pointed officer, by announcing his arrival on the 2d eadquarters of Lomeilo, However [ming of a serious journal like the Augsbur its duty to be moderate in its language, right to impugn the veracity of others, after having, on the 8th of June, published the following lines:— “The Austrian army remained master of the fleld of bat- tle and rey thecnemy. * « ° After &@ very gapguinary combat the Austrians, thanks to the ar- rival of the Ga od of Clam-Gallas on the field, gained the . The French army was driven back to the other the Ticino.” quotation is sufficient to show to which account rea- sonable men ought to attach credit. THE ROYALTY OF THE POPE. (Translated from the Paris Pays, June 29, for the Nsw ‘York Hera. } Since some time such strange things are circulated and published about the sovereignty of the Holy See, that we have thought it convenient and useful to group on that subject gome considerations drawn from the closest facts. ‘Those who discuse the advantages or inconveniences of te temporal authority of the Pope forget but one thing— ‘that is that that Larose 2 is not and cannot be questioned. The States of the Church are among tho oldest of Enrope, independently of the fact and tradition th Tepose on treaties, serving as the bass of the order in Europe; and it is no more reasonable or sible to dispute the ys rights as a sovereign those of the Queen of England, the King of Prussia, or the Emperor of Russia. Tn fact, the Popo is «sovereign just as any other; and if there 5 cen, to put an end to the Austrian domi- nions in ly, to freo the Italians of the oppression of a jn nation, the existence or the prerogatives of the States of the ‘church, which are entiroly foreign to the causes of the present war, are not at all questioned. And what is more; not only wo are not going to put in question the te: authority of the Pope, but we are joing to render to him his independence and free it from. 16 pressure and compromission of Austria. lg. 1856 did France, together with the great Powors, demand of Austria to desist from tho rated an usurped influence that she imposed on the Italian sove- reigns, which alicnated public opinion, (omented disoon- tent and batred, and uated th vir I os forton ana conn piven perpet ere the spirit of revo- Because France Bad a itical interest fi order, that the Italian Sellen porscssed testa ef ahr national Instincts, ehould be in a porition to realize all tho improvements which calm the agitation of the nation when giving them with reasonable satisfaction a serious Interest to labor, lo conservation aud to peace. z 2 Fy W YORK HERALD. x PRICE TWO CENTS. Why, in 1859, did France send into Allies, and that to the in Ita ted to all the hts of a 10 i a 0 war "¥ - naly?” ‘ , vk 8 7 nay be aniclpated "The rapid aaade'a we war, | 220. The american ving shou be bs cottons Because Austria, from renouncing the exorbitant ictories, J citizensh| every ingult offered unjust and illegal dominion that she ‘assumed upon ea of the industrious clamses--they aleainion tne ohanoes should be considered an inealt to the United Sate. Ps some Italian States, pretended even to submit Piedmont Plause.) He ‘of opinion that Mr. Came ‘wes in tie § z f : aE peror Ne bas had but one thought about 1g their full and entire sovereign States which compose it, pen Austrian oppressors and aggressors, thrones by rendering poee bi bn Bad aged which governments always 01 ae :] 44 d a te etree ie “F ae of Hapsburg ; peror alone is our enemy in Italy, and, consequent his alone are thereby submitted to the Meaeerbbeas Sta'es of the Pope, as tho States of the King o Naples, arc entirety outsice of the question of - ot apron has by the sggression of Austria and will be decided by the issue of the war. ‘The duchies are neither directly nor formally en- dapgered im the question of dispossession. It is un- donbtedly to be regretted that the sovereigns of Tuscany, Modena and Parma have not placed the question of na- tionality before all others. Our opinion is, that before all up , and sheltered inviolable protection parents’ love. One day the representative of a Power which pretends to derive its origin from God make every head and beart bow down before it, and to Alter Mortara, now comes P¢ tifical power; history tells us what it has not like any other Power, liable to be carriedaway by passion. It has ite bt and In Ttalian minds and Dearie, aad of arresting an et 5 who atlll cling tothe vos of their fathers, ought who si rs, asingle protent of all Christendom to be made against the massacres at ? What will become NEWS FROM TURKEY. THE INSURRECTIONFRY MOVEMENT SUBSIDING—RUS- SIAN INTRIGUES FOR CABINET CHANGES—NEUTRA- LITY OF THE SULTAN IN THE WAR—A NEWSPAPER ATTACK ON NAPOLEON AND HIS DIPLOMATIO ANGER—THE SUEZ AND ADEN TELEGRAPH CABLE BROKEN. [Constantinople (June = correspondence of London mes ‘The long expected insurrection in the provinces, which appeared to have actually commenced some time since, bas die ited thore who have labored to bring it about. Up to the date of the latest intelligence, in lieu of spreading, the disturbances in Servia and Montenegro had assumed a far less formidable aspect, and present appearances are such as to justify the ion that no wid ead combination of its subjects st the autho- the Sublime Porte can be effected without the pro- mise of material support from without. That support nether France nor Russia find it to their present interest to give, and s0 far—financial considerations apart—the Beene of the Continent has wrought but little ill rkey. ‘The presence of the Grand Duke Constantine in this capi- tal was the cocasion of an intrigue, the object. of ich was to suppl Pasha, the present Grand Vizier, an one or two others of the more members of his administration. to find sincere ix his desire for an improved adminietra' as far above all suspicion of dishonesty. , the days are, it is to be hoped, for ever gone by when tho foremost object of each ambassador was to pull dows the by Turkish /government. that of to-day’s date ap pears a second avertissement fo the fevesh Herald; but, in- asmuch as the latter journal has been published without the avertissement at the head of its first column, I the unwelcome communication from the Minister for Affairs bas been at the last moment withirawn. press here bas been ibited the government from pyblishing any arti with the observance of a strict neutrality towards the belligerent Powers. The Levant Herald, which is the only Engiish newspaper pub- fos once Levant, niiy be last bene pe grea fo je which can hard! charged with partiality to- Ge ee tet a of France and ryt e neuf paper ‘ietly preseryod use of language necessarily distasteful to pet of thoee potentates, The Emperor fom nary however, been —— the ‘slave master of bis go 6@Affeirs in this capi- de Lallemand, complained to the Minister for Foreign Affaire, and the avertissement pub. lished in the Journal de was the conse. quence. Tho Count de Lailemand has, I am informed this day, intimated to the Turkish government bis willingnes to overlook the insult to his Km rand his country fo this once, Hence, 1 presume, the withdrawal of the aver tassement, Surely of the three parties to this transaction the newspaper cuts the moat respectable figure. There iv something indescribably paltry and insignificant in the fact of the representative of a great nation beseeching—he cannot require—the Turkish government to put a geg on a paper just struggling into existence. The Eeaperor Na poieon {8 not scrupulous tn such matters, but he would no willingly have condescended to this. ' It is perhaps to the annoyance and petty acts of tyranny invariably practised by the creatures of a despotic sovereign tha more than haif the odium attaching to his name ahould be ascribed. Of the part which the Turkish government has played in the matter one can only say that, if it bad the smallest consideration for ite own dignity, it would have lunened neliher {0 M. de Lallemand’s con iss ce bos subsequent pretenc magnani hs: ne! Sri kre ty anneal bone tet the government, and neither M. de Lallemand nor any one else should be allowed @ voice in its infliction or with- holding. You will probably have heard long before this reaches you that the line of telegraph from Suez to Aden has been completed, but that the cable between Candia and Alex- andria paried in the course of laying. (Paris (July 8, eran ieredpasaea ee tt ial correspondence of London Times. Confidence Bas been somewhat res‘ored in French on mercial circles since the battle of Solferino. It Is ex. pected that Venice wil shertly fail into the bands of the are 100,000,000 _hectolitres = phe, evens luce is 16 ay ie ithin forty ‘consequent production of wheat has “aoubled in France.’ Now: aa within the same in France increased onl; by one-fifth, it is to calculate how much the condi- vi whe Aigo ‘rance, in- mead of ing an importer of wheat, will become a great exporter. A letter from Odeesa of the 18th of June states that at frsm 166f. to 167f. the 100 At Nantes ‘ices are beetroot sugar kilogrammes in bond. Refined sugars are likewise feeble, kilogrammes. COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE. LONDON MONEY MARKET, Console closed on Tuesday, the Sth, at 9334 a 9334 for sccount. American securities unchanged in price, and inactive. ‘ Loyvon, July 6—11 A. M. Consols are at 03 a 9334 for both money and account. LIVERPOOL COTTON MARKET. The sales of cotton for the three days ending with the 6th inst. were 19,000 bales, of which 2,000 bales were on speculation and for export. The market closed dull but ateady, at the following quotations:—Middling Orleans» 7 3-16d.; middling uplands, 63d. STATE OF TRADE IN MANCHESTER. The advices from Manchester are favorable. and stocks low. LIVERPOOL BREADETTY" au Of breadstaffs had declined slightly. The weather had been favorable for the crops. Richard- son, Spence & Oo. quote:—Flour dull and freely offered at a slight decline on all qualities; American was quoted at 108. a 188. 6d. Wheat very dull and declined 2d.; Weatern red is quoted at 88. 8 9s. 4d.; do, white, Os, a 10s.; and Southern white 10s. a 11s. 6d. Corn dull; yellow and mixed are freely offered, nominally at 58. 10d. a és. 3d ; white, 7s. a 78. 9d. LIVERPOOL PROVISION MARKET. Beef dull at nominal quotations. Mess pork heavy, with but little inquiry. Bacon dull and declined 26. Lard dull. Tallow unchanged in price; business moderate. LIVERPOOL PRODUCE MARKET. Spirits turpentine dull at 38¢. a 398. Rosin steady. Com- mon 8s, 9d a 36. 11d. Sugar quiet, pending the contempla- ted change in duties, Coffee firm. Rice dull. Ashes— Pots dull at 268. 8 278,; pearls dull. LONDON MARKETS. Wheat dull; holders were demanding an advance which buyers refuge to accede to. Sugar firm. Coffee dull, ‘with @ decline of 1s. on Ceylon. Tea also dull. Rice firm. Tallow inactive, and prices weak. Linseed oi] 298. t ‘The Cass Letter. RIGHTS OF NATURALIZED CITIZENS—PUBLIC MEET- ING IN THE BOWERY. Pursuant to public notice, a meeting of citizens, both native and naturalized, took place at the building 195 Bowery, yesterday afternoon, to discuss the Cass lettor and to give expression to their feelings on the question of the righta of naturalized citizens. There was but little interest evinced in the movement, judging from the very small number of persons who were present to take part in the proceedings. On close counting of all hands at the thickest part of the discussion, there were just fifty-one citizens; and, to speak candidly, the oratory was not in any manner edifying, but, on the contrary, was through- out of a dull, stale, flat and unprofitable character. ‘The meeting was organized by Mr. Pauawer being called to the chair, who stated the objects for which they had met together, Mr. TvckEr then addressed the meeting. The first question is, said he, what is acitizen? Citizen, from civis, implies ® person who, a8 a member of @ common- wealth, reguiates the condition of the government. This juestion, as propounded by Mr. Cass, resolves iteelf into two condkious:—Firet, the natural rights, and, second, the civil or legal rights of man. By the definition of the first division it is precluded from being used as argu- ment in this discussion, the definition of natural rights being the right to do as you please, which necessitates a man in an individual, isolated condition. By legal rights we mean the privileges and government growing outof society. As goon as individuals unite into tribes or communities they immediately curtail the exer- cise of natural rights, ana by. their very connection with each other they bind themselves by an implied contract that But ‘supporting “government? “for ‘all govern: ut su] government 4 ments are bus lair the voice of the people, and so allegiance lo government is but another form of alle. giance to the members of the commonwealth. Chil and posterity are but continuation of their ances- tors. Hence they are bound to the compact, with the tame right to change the mmental laws as their ancestors, but not farther. nce & person leaving his territory voluntarily, without severing his compact by procuring @ certificate, viol the compact of his father (and through him himself); but if he procures a certificate, he abrogates his connection with his govern. ment and resolves into his natural condition ana 8 where he pleagos, without restraint, subject only to 6 laws of such countries in which he temporarily re aides, Itis said thatthe war of 1812 grew out of a vio- Jation of our naturalization laws, which ts a mistake, as by reference to the of President Madison to the House of Representatives we find that the grievances which led to the war of 1812 were the violations of Ameri- can territory, American ships being considered as Ameri- can territory when on the high seas. A gentleman in the andience wished to know how could be said that Mr. Cass had backed down? Mr. TuckER—By ing in his first letter that naturaliz. ed citizens, on returning to their own countries, subjected themeelves to military service; and when Wise and Botts drew public attention to this, he modified his doctrine by saying that the parties returning were liable if they were able before leaving. J ‘The GaniizMax—then you contend for the principle maintained by Cass at first? ae Tooxsr—I as va Oruxn—Thoa there you are wrong. Mr, McDraworr maintatied that the principle contended for by the last speaker was that a man who was born un- der a particular government was in some manner @ slave to that government. It was, in short, the doctrine of alle. giance arising out of obsolete inws enacted in feudal timee, by ‘which the vaseal was bound to give service to the lord of the soil. This, if the law of allegiance at this day, ovght certainly to be modified. It was his view that the Constitution of the United States did not prevent any man from expatriatieg himself. He then went on to state his opinion that the laws of the United States admitted tne foreigner to all the rights and privileges of native born citizens, and this was shown in the fact that on his natu- cn he Was not questioned as to his previous obliga- If be was a citizen in fact, then he should be enti- All kinds of goods were slightly higher. The market was active, Fi g Hh fuss al BE il ride i a i FHT rig! pluck fruit wherever it grew, and to kill animais ever he found them. But when he became civilized, ha had not these rights. He went on to apply this doctring to the question under debate in so lucid a manner that wa could arrive at no decisive idea of his ultimate views. Several other speakers followed in a similar strain, and two coilections having been taken up, the meeting s0om efter separated. News from South America. WAR BETWEBN BUENOS AYRES AND THE CONFEDE> BATION—PREPARATIONS OF THE FORMER STATE— THE DIFFERENTIAL DUTIES—LEGISLATION IN BRA* ZIL—THE MARKETS, BTC., ETC. The British mai) steamer Tyne arrived at Southampton on the 8d of July, with Brazilian mails, one hundred and forty five passengers, $258,220 in specie, a valuable lot of diamonds and a heavy general cargo. Her dates are Buenos Ayres, May 28; Montevideo, ms Prasapic June 8; Bahia, June 11; and Pernambuco, june 13. E RUENOS AYRES. Londen affairs to a speedy The 8 recetved thenz - with enthusiagm, and, hurrying forward their proceed- ings, on the 5th empowered the government ‘‘to repel by force of arms the war de facio declared by the govern- ment of the Argentine » making use of all the rights of a it ”? The war thus de- wards. "A slay notification bed slrendy ‘veea paawed 10 is. AB the Consuis accredited to provinces junder of both city and country for active service; of the stationed on the southern and D frontiers have received orders to march northwards, some of which are already on the way, 700 men from Bahia Blanca having reached the Azul on the 15th; commis- sions have been issued for the formation of two infantry on the same basisas those which #uch good service during the siege of ’63; the stragzling artillery com; formed into one government. and to prosecute the war twenty millions of rency in public funds have been issued for sale at 75 cent, bearing an annual interest of six per cent. So the sale progresses but i On the other hand, the National Congress was con- vened on 15th instant, and a measure was very speedily powering the President to prosecute the war cur- por far Mt at i : Lt shaE 3G Hag l ! i that ing may be by the timely intervention of foreign diplomacy, bave consequently addressed Mr. Fagan, her Majesty’s representative at Parana, upon the subject. fe understaad that the Americans are also preparing a representation to the Hon. B, Yancey, req to exert his influence to prevent an eventual appeal to arms. Coneidering that both parties profess to have the sama object in view, the reconstruction of the national unity; and since it is evident that neither is prepared for war, it is our opinion, as algo we believe that of the | foreigners of this city, that an energetic intervention by aa eg! might ag an end bs the a threat- ening aspect of ailairs, and peaceably reunite the nation in the bonds of federal unity. The warlike aspect of affairs has naturally had a very considerable effect upon our markets. The advanced rates for produce and the continued high rates of ounces hava induced saladeristas to pay rather higher prices for cattle MONTE VIDEO. aa correspondent at Monte Video thus writes on the 30th vo has been very brisk, and stocks in first Produce—Total sales of salted hides during the month oatist of 4,960. Most of these gales ware eected afer | if 5 some time past, but there is nothing rise, therefore present quotatione are likel: RIO DE JANEIRO. ‘The accounts from the Brazils are,on the whole, ex- ceedingly encouraging; the only cause for anxisty is the War just declared between Urquiza, the chief of the Ar- gentine Confederation, and tie republic of Buenos ares which threatens to plunge the neighborhood of the River Plate into considerable disasters. Brazilian trade, after a remarkable development of the last six years, will necea- sarily suffer severely. Brazilian influence at Monte Video bad assumed the right of interposing to prevent that state from being drawn into war, by the observance of a strict neutrality under the protection of the neighboring empire, and from versed to reach Matto Grosso must fall, is giving rise to pow et acer to the government and the Bra- people, Matto Grosso, a province of Brazil, the upper banks of the rivers La Plata, Parana, Paraguay, on all of which rivers steam navigation has been successfully established, and will, in uence of this war, be in- Verrupted, to the great detriment of that beautiful district, In the interior politics are megiected, in spite of recent energetic efforts to resuscitate them by abstract diecus- sions on the interpretation of words and the application of principles. The country has other cemands more sppro- Priate to present times and circumstances. Party standg are forgotten, The ministers, with their theories of expansion of credit, banks of igsure, and circulating medium of pa- per, have plunged the country into considerable economi- cal embarrassment, resulting from a depreciation of the paper currency, unusual fluctuation in the exchange, and the price of gold. “ These evils, universally felt here, re~ cave aca treatment amidst the conflicting interests at e. It may, however, be hore remarked that tha boast of excess of receipts over expenditure during the late administration resolves itself iniow fable. True the national receipts never were so large, the general acoount showing 50,000 conto, and the provincial 12,000 contos; but the heavy expenditure and liabilities bering gel tha late ministry (a luce portion of which latter is yet Niquidated) have absorbed the whole of the and ‘a considerabie deficit is still left. his tea fact can, reflect but little credit on the predecessors of the present ministry. win taiststond Le Redmageaane petene tees peceean coe ig prices to the an trade, notwithstanding the warlike Tews, remains com. ‘atively uninterrupted. The United States market is, wever, open. The coffee crop this seagon does not pro- mise Pret ‘The production of this staple has sen- aibly diminished during the last three years. BANIA. Froighte—The Louisa Marian has been chartered for Boston ata lump sum of mil. 2000; no other chartera bave been effected, and the rates quoted are flat. Sugar—~ Prices during the past month have been steady, but lat- terly the boisterous state of the weather has put a com- plete stop to + hipments, and transactions have been on & limited scale; Leroy Ps almost ~~ wo = Deceseary quantities for filling up vesael’s cargoes; tales were at mil. 2 700 for good brown Bahias and Gotin- cuibas. Coffee—At mil, 5 to mil. 5 200 per arroba, ex- change 24d, Dr. Wa. S. Woonstps, a prominent officer of the Balti. moro and Ouio Raiiroad Company, died in Baltimore on tho 13th inet., in the OOth year of hia age.