The New York Herald Newspaper, June 26, 1859, Page 1

WHOLE NO. 8330. SUNDAY MORNING, JUNE 26, 1859. THE EXPRESS BUSINESS. Seme Account of the Origin and Progress of Expresses The Facthives, Excent and Modus Operandio€ the Buslnest=%otces of Promi- nent Expresars, d&e., &e. The express bnsiness of this country, which ceatres mainty in the city of New York, ie unparalleled iv any eovntry in the world, and hax growa to ve the indispea- gable uccess ty of ail branches of trade and commerce. Hiwscarcely twenty years since W tham F, Haroden, then a clerk in a railroad ticket oftive, first conceived the Mea of runpieg an exorecs between New York and Bos ton for the accommodation ef the bueiness wen of thal day; yet now the system has been extended so that the express companies transact in distant cities aay busines: whieb the party employing them could himself perform, and this, Wo, with @ regularity, certanty and economy which no department of our ostional or ety goveraments hes over attained. The utes of these companies are inn merabie. They carry anything, uny where, for anybody wnhin, of course, tao bounds of law. They enable th» city merchant to deliver goods at tho door o bis unknown customer’s bourse in a distant State, aod receive bis pay by return express. The farmer cas send pis produce to market, aod realizd quick aod ang: enicd returns from the freshness of his edibies, deliv ered promptly by express; draits, notes, billa of exchange snd debts are collected with 4 faith/ulness to the employ er’s interest which perbaps he could pot himeelf excel; orders (or the purchase of goocs are filled with the ekill of experienced adepts; all sorts of packages, from box ef wearches to an elopbant, are transported with mechanical precision; bank exchanges to the amount of mi lioes o/ dotlars daily are eafoly aad promptly carried; important lettere, bearing on them stamps wherewith to pay the goverpment for the priviioge, are often gent as packages to secure the earliest delivery, which the regular mails do not afford, and, in short, ali descriptions of business coa ceivable woich can be trangasted between distant places are despa. ched with as mush care and certaiaty ag the de” livery of a city taitor’s Dilla at the doors of hia customers’ beuses. The businees is always conductod with the most scrupulous exactness. Iie very nature insares this, so that the emp oy¢s are, a8 it were, #0 many intelligent ma. ebines, working regularly day after day, aad year after year, keeping good time, never flagging, and not requiring to be wound up. Ifa box is sont to @ certain address, and tho recipient cannot be found, it is always essily recovcred by the gender atany time within five years afterwards; if a party fais to pay a bill, novo or draft, he is waited upon again and again, 80 long as there je the sligutest possi- Db lity of his payin:; if a package is lost in traugiitu—which rarely Dappene—itcan, by the thorough system main. tained, be waced to the last employé who bad it, al- though it may have traveiled thousands of miles, and ihe charge be but a few shillings for its transportation; if by accident of auy kind a package of money be lost, the amount is readily made good without the trouble of a law. suit; if a pew ratiroad is be opened, the express com- panies are called upoa to furnish business; if @ mail route i to be opened across the continent, penetrating the wilds ofthe West and the haunts of the savage, with mail stages running a route of nearly three thousand miles with the regularity of clockwork, the express companies farnieb the men, and, to the astonishment of the world, perform their contract to the letter. Epgland may be contented with her old fashioned rail- road carriage, witn oumberless dela} Frauce may be eatiefled with the messugerics imperiaies, a goverument mouopoly behind the age; Priesia may avail her- self of tho mails, avd Germany—progressive Germany—may attempt w follow in our (oot meps in this regard; but none of tnem can approach the perfection of our system, which is tne embodimeat of watbematical certainty. Ifa city merchant sells @ bill of goods to a man in Iowa er Nebraska, ali bat ho needs do is to make out his bill bod mark bis box, ana havg ous a lever *'U of “A” at jhe door, and in a twinkling an excelleat eam drives up, be gvods are tumdied inte ® Wagon, the bill is takea and arcorptpiven, andthe seller need troable himself no amore ucti! tbe im raey ia rewira is safely oeposited ia his CkEL, OF Loe BYLUpAth izing EXvressman dumps bis goods op the sidewaik again, with the information that nis cus tomer is “uead” or “dead broke,’ “can’s pay,” “won? pay,” “doa’t like the goods,” or whatever tue caso may be, ana the merchaut hag had 19 more tronble thag if h hud sent Bis cartman across the sireet with a bund but Wutie more expense, wish the additional security 4f bis goods are lust oa the way ho can recover thuir value, ihe amoust of busiaess which is transacted to this way is ijocalcwable, tor the express companies per- meate the intricate ram/fsations of the States, like the threavs of & spider's web, and transact busivess to the amount of cents or hundreds of thousnads of doilaca with equal care and atteation. Our express Lusmers is typical of the age in which we live; it coula exist in no otuer, and would be of no more nee to the age of stage coaches and thats than a spioaing Wheel and self-acwog ogg batching machine to « Fi'th ave. nue belle The system is brought dowa to such niv that presents are delivored from distant friends a! spec! fied hours on bolidays, and even children are conveyed Ww Dowrcing echools with the fondaces and care of parental aifection, duly enpplied im consideration of sundry dol Jars aud cents; and it would bardiy be more aswaisiung spovld some of the enterprising companies, in view of the fact that marrixge is but a civil contract, set to work in a thorough business mauner to supply husbands and wivea from separated points, equatizing the supply and demand by Juaicious traneportation from districts uaduly popula. ted wich either sex. This, however, might be too risky a ‘business, as one company was once mulcted in $1,500 da. megts to a boy in thelr charge, injured by the cars meet- 4ng witb ao accident. Who can estimafo the value which anxious swaius and maids would set upon their lives and Jimbe just atthe moment of entering toe Diissful ranks of matrimony? Poperbiy it is this business reflection aloue: ‘Which has prevented, thus far, this legitimate carrying out of the thorough principle on which the business is Conducted. One thing is certain—if it would pay it would be done. Commencing with the employment of ove man carrying Parcels between New Yori and Boston, the express basi- nees has extended until thousands, almest tens of thou sands, are employed, while ths sphere of their operations de only Iimited by the habitable globe, The business bas Dranvhed out into banking, passenger, shipping, ex. Changes, city expresses, paggage expresses, and othor in Buwerable conveniences to trade, aud has, instead of Wa ting for the telegraph and railroad and fast eteamboat, Actualiy gone abead of them, and compelled them to come up to the exigencies of the times. It is thne that, buiiding magnifivent noo commodious offices, usiog the fastest con veyancer, securing men of business ability, edusating them and keeping them, and beating the Post OMise Da partment, with all its monopoly and the treaeury of the country to back it, that the express business has grown up wit the rapidity of m mushroom and the stability of an oak, driven into existence by the sheer force of cho racter of the men who controtied it, command ag tho con dence of the comraunity, and presenting in the complete- nese of its operations the most praizeworthy monument Of the spirit of this democratic age, next to tho uaparaile! ed advancement of the newspeper prees, The companies have not foolishly, Vike the railrovta, ui- lowed their conflicting operations to result ia thei Own lose and the scoommodation of the public at ruinous rater; but whenever they wended to clash the Dave metas reascuable moa aud srravged matters am: Cably, FO as to allow businces to agsn ne its natural net, and deprived their patrons of the beaeilt of seein them cut their own throats to atyance otter people’ interests. re In their earlier days they were often of servics to th. Press, and the fies of tho Fimarn can toatify to our ap- Preciation of their abilities at times when our old fogy cotemporaries were wa'ting the regular channels of vor munication, and when an extra HxRALD was the first inti- ation they had of the news. Then tho Bostonians woro elated at getting a Philadelphia paper of the previous day. Now, the President's message is carried overland from the Atlantic to the Pacific in seventeen days, and fhe newspapers conrider the incident hardly worth 4 Parsgraph. When the association of experienced ex. Prersmen contracted to carry there malis through an al- Mmokt uninhabited conntry a distance of 2,729 miles ia twenty-five days, they were ianghed at: but now the trips Dave beon made evmi weekly for oight montha witpout loving @ muil, and averaging the same time between St Jonis end San Franoitco as is occupied by thesteamors via Panama, ‘ The prineipal express compapiet are tha Adams press Company, Barnden & Co., Kinsley. & Co., the Na- tions! Express Co , the American Express Co., the United sates Express Co, Wells, Fargo & Co., Freeman & %., and Hope & Co, whoze lines cover nearly every available point in the country. Besides these, there are numbers of merebant deepatchor, transportation agencies, shippers oo commission, and city expreases, w ich 0 do not propose toembrace ip the scope of this article, While an acco rate sistement of the extent of their business woald prove interesting to our readers, most of then seem to think it would interfere with their private arrangements to mako , such information pubiic. A record, however, of such facts as we have been able to collect will serve to illus trate tbe pature and extent of the business. The American Expreas Company un‘oudtedly occupies the finest building in the city for express business. 1b i witnated at the corner of Hudson and Jay streets, built of Westcbeater murble, five stories in height, andone hun Gred feet square, and cost $225,000, Tho arrapgeamwuts for the reception and shipment of freight and the trans action of business are of the most complete descriptoa, fhe company’s cars ere switched from the main track into the building, where taey can bo con veviently Joaded and unloaved, and are readily reached by the city wagons, and ihe whole busi vess of tallying, way-billing and Joadiog is ‘raneacted unter cover. The butlding coutains no Jere than seven large fire and burglar proof vaults, The hes of tue company extend through New York, ‘Western Penfaylvan’e, Ohio, Indiana, Hlinols, Michigan, Wissousio, Town, Mirnecora, Miesouri, Northern Kentucky, Nebraska, Kansas and Canada West. In one year they carried no lest than 16,804,797 pounds of freight, aud they have brought into New York in one day no less than $5,000,000 of bapk exchanges, which business is almost exclusively trapsacted by the express companies. They handle, inerally, “cartloads of money,” and are pecuniarily re- sponsible for ite safe delivery. It is estimated that the value of property entrusted to this company alone, over all its Une, amounts to $50,000,000 annually, of which a very small amouvt ever fails to reach its destination, and hat is mainly due to the mistakes of shippers and consign- cee, After cue inquiry and written notice to the places of direction, all packages are kept five years, and then sold to pay charges, the balance being for the benefit cf the couvty poor. The firet sale by this company under this law realized $3,000 to the fund. The company nas about six hundred offices throughout the country, and thirteen hundred employés, and its expenses are about $7,000 per day. The Adams Express Company has its main office at 59 Broadway. ‘Their lines cover the railroad route from Au- gusta, Charleston and Columbia, via Wilmington, Weidon, Petersburg, Richmond, Washington, Baitimore and New York; also, steamer lines to Charleston, aod thence to Au. gusta, Nasbville, Tenn., Memphis and New Orleans. They, in fact, cover ell available routes of communica- tion East, South and Southwest. This company claims to do an equal amount of busincas with the American Express Company, and employs in this city about fifty men, forty horses and twenty-five wa- gona, to deliver and collect goods, The arrangements of their basement, reaching through to Temple street, are ex. cellent for the shipment or delivery of freight, and nearly all of their wegons may bs loading at the same time. Aernden’s, Kinsley’s and other expresses on tho eas: le ot Broad way have similar arrangements—their basements reaching through to New street. Of the California expresses, Wells, Fargo & Co. and Frecman & Co, are the most prominent. The capital stock of the former company is $600,000, and their tines reach all parts of California, Oregon, New Caledonia, the Sand. wich Islands, avd the principal porta on the Pacific, They siso buy andeell gold dust and execute commissions cf all kinds; sell small bills on London and Ireland. The amount of treasure transported by them to and from San Francisco was $59,8%4,000 in 1857, and $63,100,000 in 1858. Freeman's Californie Express is devoted to express businces exclusively, having nothing to do with banking. Their lines reach through Oregon and Washington Terri tory, and all parte of California and the Pacsie cout They have offices in Boston, New York, Philadelphia, Baltimore, Washington and New Orleans, and have a regu- lar express on the Tehuantepec route. The Harnden Express, confined mainly to the Esstorn Diisiness, haz its office at No. 74 Broadway. Mr, Haradon, the founder end originator of the express basiuess, died in January of 1845, but his name has still been retained. The National and Hope Expresses havo both offices ip the kome building. The United States Express Company, No. 82 Broadway, transacts Western expreas business, mainly over the New York ané Erie Railroad, which was commenced in 1854, when the road abantonod its experiment of doing all the business on its own route. Their lines, connecting with the Frie Railroad, traverse all the Western States, Neither the limits of this article nor the disposition of the menegcra of the various lines will enable us to give anything like an accurate estimate of the amount of busi- nees transacted by the various companies, but enongh has been sald to show their yast importance to the business of the community. It has been proven by actual experi- ment that 1,000 pounds of butter shipped to New York by the American Express reatized $10 50 more than if shipped by the railway freight lines, and the shipper received his returns by exprers, flye days in advance of the other chonnel, Besides the facilities of inter.communication between States and large cities, the ramifications of the business into European and other foreign expresses, railroad bag- gago deliveries and city expreesca, form another intercet- ing feature of the businees, which perhaps we may con- sider in a separate artic) Leunch of the Large Steamer De Soto, Yesterday afternoon a large umber of poople were as- sembled in the ehipbuilding yard of Mesars. Lawrence & Folkee, Williamsburg, to witness the launch of the Da Soto steamsbip, designed to rin between this port and New Orieas via Havana, and will belong to the same lino as tbe Black Warrior and Cahawba, Agents, Mesers, Living- tion, Crocheron & Co,, New York. Her dimonsions aro as follows:— . Length of main deck, Widsh of beam... Lwpth of boid Length of ebisf cabin Burtben about, tons, Draught when joaded, fect. oes a Her engines wiil be of that kind called beam, and aro nearly, if not quite, completed, being constructed at Mor- gan’é iron works, at the foot of Ninth street. They will cousist of 65 inch cylinders, with a atroke of twolve feat. The boilers, bed plates, &>., are already in. ‘The De Soto was commenced on the 26th of January of the present year—being exactly five months building; erent paine have been taken to make her exccedingly strorg, The builders claim that she is stronger, for hor tize, than any veegel of her clase—being iron braced, and and baving ex iron strap running all round the frame, six iuches deep and three quarters of an inch in thickness. 1s to bave four water tight compartments, aud havo secommodation for one hundred and seventy. Aye Orst clus pastonger®, Great attention has beon paid to ventilation, cing fitted with C. Periey’s new ventiator. There will sleo bea large biowing eylindter, Griven by @stenm engine, fifty inches in diameter nai sine feet etroke, which will keep a constant acream of cool wr Lbrovgis the bold, calculated to preserve the cargo, be is expcoted to be ready for sea by the 27th of August, snd wilt be commanded by Capt Builootr, late captain of tbe Cabewbs. Her cost, fac uding everything, will be about $175,600. During tho day the yard presented a very.avimated ap- pearance. Mon were keen rnupiog oF carrying out we inuvtneiable orders, #8 if the whole weight of the eater. prise rested on them individually, and formed a vory eurkicw contrast to tae piscit looking fae%8 of the apesta- tore, who for hours bad vothing to do but lo look on and keep out of the way. Exactly at halt. post four tho order, “Let ber go,” was board, and in auother miaute tue ma- jestic vessel glided gently ivto her element. So imper- ceptible was the movement that a gentleman who was as- cending the ladder from the lower deck declared that be ‘had not the Jeagt idea at that time that she bad left her cradle. We were thon in the middle of the river. No christening ceremony tock plane, os is usanl on tho launch of large ships. Launcbivg large ships has now become £0 frequeut apd commonplace ws to allow of no occasion for ceremony; but etill the exciting spectacie will alwuys be interesting, The De Soto was towed over to tho where her enginc 1! be Dited tn, Morgan Iron Work:, AMERICAN Crrizens Diep av Catrao.—Informa- tion bas been received at the State Department ia Waen- Wweton of the death this year of the folowing Amer.can Symon wt Callao, Peru:—Jeausry 14, Joseph Biliiaga; 7k, Stephen Reith; seth, Jamer Barrett; Sist, Thomas Smith (colores), Feprusys 4, Willam Robineon; Sib, James Barry, 17th, Jamex” Yoong; ith, Pater Molaty re: 28rb, Christian Anderson; Maron 2, Fravois T. Boland; sb, James Earl; 23st, Francia Grimes, youn Kennedy, Improvements tn Telegraphing. Daring the recent tral in Washington oar cur osity was Much excited m relation to the improvemouts which had taken place within a few years in telegraphing, to enable us to lay before our readers the proceedings of that trial at Washington as regularly and accurately as if it bad taken place in our own city; and a wonder to us all was, how mapy wires, instruments and men were necessary 10 accomplish this great feat. Upon inquiry at the office, we were much eurpriged to learn that the groat bulk of it came over asinglo wire, with two sets of operators, one for oay and ono for night, on the Houge Printivg instrument, Notwithstanding the fact that we have beeu tu daily re- ceipt of despatches, aud frequently very jong ones, we were entirely unprepared to find 80 extensive a ba-ivess in the woy of telegrapbing ax that curried on at No. 2t | Wall street, in thia city, Ia the first room which we en- tered we found six Bouse instruments, four Morse and one Boghes in full operation, and connecting with ali the im: portant cities in the United States and British province despatches being received from New Orleans, st. Louis, Ciwerwnati, Buffalo, Charleston, 8. C.; Movie, Boston, Montreal and St. John’s, N. F.—all bearing date of the day on which we made our visit. We seemed to be upon ea- chanted ground, for there, in that room, and before our own Viriou, was tho mind of man from the remotext pars of the continent being portrayed,as if by magic. The network of wires seemed to raise us up and draw in the boundaries of the country, | The Fhelps instrument—or rather the Combination Instrument, as it is called, being a combination of the beet features of the House and Hughes macbinee—ia particwarly worthy of notes; more especially so as it has been but recently introduced, and never before degcribed In public print. Its genvral sppearance ig similar to tho Houee instrument, but iis working very dissimilar. The type wheel of the House iwetrument 18 propelled by the breakiwg aod closing of the eirouit, one letter at a time, by a slep-by step motion, while that of the new inetrument revolves at the rate of from one hundred to one hondred and fifty revolutions per minute, and the sending and receiviag instruments | Cai can be 8o correctly adjuated aud governed as to run wal- formly alike; hence :f the key representing the letter A is pressed down in New York the wheel will advance until the circuit bresker comes in contact with the projection under such key, when the circuit is broken, and the let- ter is printed in Philadelphia or any other place with which the instroment may be comnected. It will bo ob- served that by this new system the circuit is broken but once from letter to letter, however situated as regards order in the alphabet, while with ihe Houge instrument, to go from A to Z the cireuit is broken and closed thirteon times. With the circuit breaker revolving at tho rate of one hundred revolutions per minute, causes 1,300 elec- trical vibrations over the wires in that brief jod; hence the necessity of powerful batteries for working of | the House instruments, ‘Tho Morse alphabet being composed of dote and lines, and the letters produced by the breaking of the circuit by hand for the number of marks or indentations, re- quired only, varying from one to eix dots and dashes per lettér, the vibrations are much slower, sonsequentiy a much smaller battery answered the purpose, while | the new instrument, breaking and closing but once fe » stil eraatler battery suffices. The helix of th ¥ troment is similar to that in the Merse, bu stands ¢ end; snd instead of a long strip of iron for the armature, acylinder about three quarters of an inch in diameter and 13¢ inches high js used, with grooves and holes in the side, which is encaged in a brass cylinder ‘with corresponding grooves and holes, so that when the | circuit is closed by the pressing down of the key repre- senting the desired letter, the iron cylinder or armature is | brought down by the power of the magnetism to the head | of the helix which allows a volume of air, that is supplied | in the eame way ss in the Houss instrument, to pass | through the grooves and holes in the braes case tothe | head of the piston, which being thrown back to its origi- pal porition by the force of a emall wire spring, this | changes the currevt of air to the other end of the piston, which locks the printing apparatus and holde ic untit another is required, and the key is touched as be!ore. Its epeed can be changed at the will of the operator, at either end, witbeut notice, as the instrument itself gives novice whether it is running faster or slower than the ono at the other end. The udvaptege which this system seems to possess over all others isthe great speed which cau be attained on it, jength of circuit over which it can be worked, and cost of material or battery for working it, At one hundred and fifty revolutions per minute, no person has yet been able to tonch the keys in combination 2s fast es the instrument will print. Whe City Inspector's Department. During the past week dbe unpropitions state of the | weather prevented, in a groat degree, the street sweepers from making much progress in their business. Tho city, however, looks much cleaner now than for some time Pnet, £0 that no uhnecessary apprehensions need be felt | for the outbreak of an epidemic. City Inspector Dolavan promises to put on an increased force in his “broom and hoe” brigade during the ensuing week, and a etiil further improvement in tho condition of tho streets may be anti cipated. On Friday last Mr. Delavan met the Moat Ingpec- tors at hig office and read to them the ordinancos forbid- Ging the sale of unwholesome meats and vegetadiee, and the necessity of their aging the authority conferred upon them by law to prevent such illegal sales, and the punishment of the offendera by fine and impri- sonment. He desired them to examine minutely all the botcher and grocery stores noted for such illegal traffic, and where the contraband articles are found, to at once seize and gend it to the offal depot, and to make written reports twice a week of the names of offenders and tho quantity of impure food seized. To enable taem more fully to understand their daties and prerogatives, he said he had in preparation printed copies of the laws and or- dinances relating bo their particular duties, which would be given them in a few days; and also to enable them to moro fally discharge their duties, he has ordered suitavie badges, similar to those worn by the police, tobe made, and when delivored to be worn by them when on duty. He closed bis remarks by stating that he would require at ‘their hands a rigid enforcement of their duties, and any dereliction would be deemed sufficient cause for their summary removal from office. On Friday lest a communication wos sent by the City Inepector to the Potico Commissioners, asking thoir co-operation in causing the policemen to arrest all violators | ofthe Corporation ordinances. The following is a copy:— | Cry Lvergctor’s Derartxey’ New York, Jane 24, 1859, To Tne Hon. THE COMMISSIONERS OF METROPOLITAN POrICH:: GENTLeMsN—The undersigned baving enwred vpou the performnuce of the responsible duties of City Inspector, and being desirous that the savitary condition of the city may be improved, an the strei ts may be kept ina cieaa~ jy condition, fluds a great impiciment to a success. ful performance of that work from te dx'ly and con- stant throwing of ashes, garbage and din upon the streets and into the gutters, especially from dwell- ings occupied by several families. “At this ser | 60 the yearsthe garbage and lth so placed upon the sivecta in & short time becomes decayed and offensive, snd ia @ ferious nuisance, cetsimental to the public hevlth. It ulvo delaya and biagera thy work of circet cleaning, ana jargely increases the expouso of baid Work. In fuct, our etreeis have become a rece: for the inhabitants to deposit a large proporsion of their filth, garbage, sweepings and rubvien of every de. | scription, in direct Violation of the laws and ordinances of the city, which make there violatious punisharle by a rest, One and imprisonment. The object of the ur signed in eddrersicg you thi communication is to | | | Jour si¢ aad co.operation nud thot of the Jour covtrol, to prevent and put an eo? to ihe evils aad Violations above mentioned. To attain this desirebio od ject your co operation te absolutely necessar> The up dersigned, therefore, reapecttully aeks that eome prompt and cilcirnt action be taken by your houoraole wody v- Wards enforcing @ compiiance with the laws sad ordi. nonces, the dey violations of which are above complained of. I am, gentlemen, very respectfully, your obedicat servant. DANIEL E. DELAVAN, City Inspector. FRY PCA aRAae Pie's Paaxres Gong To Os rirORNTA number of the disappointed Pike’s Peakers hive gone on to California. The overland emigration to that State will exceed that of any yeur eince 1860, Mr. Merrick, of thie city, left tue “mines” about the laet of May, afew days before the rich ciggings were found. He met between Cottonwood Springs anc Fort Kearney, in threa daye, the following number of Pike’s Peak teams’ em route for Ualt- fornia, viz:--Juno 2, 87% teams; 3d. 169 teams; 4th, 264 tenmes: total, 805 teams, These teama were mostiy oxva, four yoke to the wagon, and would average five persons the wagon. These were all met on the roa) ance the south site of the North Platte, Be pessal an equal pom. ber of teams encamped; the owarrs Ware diacuas. ag whether it was bester to return hore oF go to Onbiornia, One of the ofilcere wt Fort Kearney unuied sx taousaad tovme that pesecd the fort tn the first iwenty aays or Mav, gore west up the South Plaite road, It is impossible to | brary, Dut by the mast prom PRICE TWO CENTS. The Tall Spires of Art ard the High Peaks of Nature. Appended to our deseription of the new Methodist Epis- Copal church on the corner of Twenty-seoond street and Fourth avenue, in last Saturdey’s issue ot the Henan, was a list of the heights of some of the tall spires of New ‘York and of those of several churches in Europe. This list was eligbtly incorrect, owing to the difficu'ty ja ofcrttaiving the heights of our public buildings, the being no work published on this subject, dondtless be- Chuse they are pot worth 60 much consideration, and there Deiog no gui¢e book to the city which contains reliable in- formation of this kind. Noileing, however, that it was copied by other papers, wietukes ond all, the following list of lofty objects \2 oifar- 0 to (hose who sometimes look bigher than the heads of their debtors and creditors:— HRIGHES OF SPIRES OF NEW YORK, ‘eb of the Holy Commnnion esbyteriap ebureh, Sixth aveaue...... Churep of the Aenunclatiog, 11) West Fourteenth at, 179 The Sout Duteh cauren, Fifth avena 170 St. Paul's chapel. Dr. Pous? cuarea St. Jotn’s chapel St Pauls Methods Grace chayet: ibe Nort Do Dr. Adams’ ol Dr. Typg’s Choroh..., ...csconeerores . Oburen of the Holy Redeemer, Toird street. Trinit® cbureh....... tee BA St. Patrick's Cathedral, —being built—(towere, OE) ss siekennne Susteanes castes: Se CHURCH FDIFICES "OF EURO! Coureh of St. Luke, Coeisea, Hogtand 140 Ail Sudpts’ ebureb, Poplar, London 161 St. Martin’ w the Fieid, Loncon 185 Cathedral at York, Engiand (ses tower). “ “ “(central Loser) “ Ely, « “ Darbam, (central tower). The Pagoda et Nankin, China (over) Notre Dame, Paris (towers, ewcb). Westminster Abbey. Cutbredra! at Canterdi ral ut Bale, Swiizerland , LnteBtield, England Florence... . . Chicbester, England, Burgos, Spsin, Fogiand. The Giralda at Seviile Cutbeoral st Norwich Fglise des Invalides, Paris St. Paul's London (uot including the bali) “ “Centre height) Hote! de Ville, Brueeeis (spire) Carbedral at Freiburg... Catheoral at Milan (central tower)....... Cuthecral at Chartres, France (one tower) ‘e “ ‘he other) Salisbury Cathedral, Eogland (ceatral epi: sign of the cathedral at Mecblin. It was intended tnat tt should be 550 English feet in height, but it now stands $20 feet, It will be seen, therefore, that the cathedral at Strae- bourg ‘e the bighest building in the world, provided the Cheop pyramid be not taken into consideration, which is the highest of the pyramide in Ezypt, being variously es- timated—by Neibunr, 469 fect high; by French engineers ATT fect, and by Chazelics, 498 foct—the difference in the Mmeneurcments owing to the rising and falling of the sand around the base, caused by the winds. The highest point of the Palisades, which is in view from any point of the western side of the city, and about three quarters of a mile from Koglewood, N. J., is 609 feet in height. The attention of the Common Council of New York is Particularly called to one item in the above table—tho height of the steeple of the City Hall at Bruasels (374 feet), It would be a great deal more sensiple to poivt out to them the height of some Indian wigwam. How- | ever, they can contemplate the graceful majesty of our City Hail to its present proportions, and then think of the Hotel de Viile ab Bruegels, and they will 200a counties: perceive a grand goope for atupendous contracts and gi | gamtic plunder that would leave those for cleaning the | streets and removing dirt foi! far in the shade. Lt the | city make the proposition <0 buitd @ sweepte oa the stanted huik of our City Heilto the heignt of 374 feet, aud koe how soon it wiil joom up among the iofiieet objects of the horizon. The above figures are taken from the most reliable au- thority, but sult it is almost impossibie to escertain tuo | accurate beight of the puovlic edifices of Bur rpe, as no two authors teem ta agree oo the point, This is remarked not uly 10 kuoke WHO bave bot acc points of mew The foliowing ere twe bighect powts on the surface of the earto—the steeples ot nature—woicd, it will pa even by thie comparison, throw the steeples of ‘art rather into liuputian diminutivencss, Feet The bigbest point of Oreanica ve, Mor i The bigbeet point of North America, Mouu Kies 17 The highest pointin Africa, Mount Keaia, of toe Mouptains of the Moon, supposed to be... 0.000 The bighest powt of South America, Mt. acoacugua.23.910 The bighest poiat of Asia, Mount Kanchinginga, of the Hmalsya Mountain’ ....... 0... cee ees +e 278 Itbus been stated lately by tome of the datiy papors tbat the new Methodist churca on Fourth avenue is tne bighest ip this city. By a reference to the above taoles it Will bo seen that it is not toe bighest by anv means; what although the Methooisis deserve a great deal of prage for ornamenting the city with sucaa beauutal editice, theic steepie is nui the highest point, and without any tapas. Tagement to them, it will be seen also that they qill have to climb much higher before they can reach St Paul's in Loncon, or the Cathedral et Sirasnourg, or St. Stepnen’s st Vienna; and iftbey wish the loftiest place, still higher, in order to overtop Mount Kunchinginga, Mowat Ophir, in Sa- 1 Masa Meeting cf the Jourceymen Bakers of New York. This class ’of workmen met last evening in Military Hail, Bowery, Jas. Parker, Eeq., in the chair, anda Mr. Pren dergreet as Secretary, about two hundred and fifty of the trade being present to organize an association for bet. tering their condition as a class, and for putting down 2ome of their present existing grievances. Their designs end the nature of these grievances are fully set forth in ‘ye following resolutions offered to the consideration of the mecting, after a few remarks had beon made by the chairman, stating briefly the object of the meeting:— Whereas, we, the operative bakers of New York city: believe that come of the evils which have fo long oppress- ed us have been long enough borne and ought to couse; it ig thereiore reeolved, 1st. That we form oureelves {nto an association to bring about the desired end. 2d. Resolved, That we are determined that the prac tice of compelling us to labor foarteeo, sixteen, eighteen and eometimes twenty hours, day and nigut, bhould no Jopger be regarced as a day’s labor. ‘8d, Resolved, Vaat in every instance where we are com. pelied to give to our employers mora than twelve hours per day for a day’s lsbor, that we wiil demand from ihem retes per bour for such extra labor auilicient w compea- sate vs for such «xira services, Ach, Resotved, That we wre docidediy oppoaed vo vio- lating and deeecrating the sabbath by porlormag entirely uneslied for by the opporition to the commands of Goa, who, ia His law, bi faid to us and to all mon: “Six days shait thou labor and do all thy work.” Sth. Reeoived, That we will by every logal means in ovr power discontinue tho practice of making of ourselves beasts of burthea by crouching beneath the weight of eboulder baskets Inden with bread, or by hawking hand certs tbrough the streets. bth. Resolved, That we believe that if our business is ec ndooted unon right principles our employers can graat | Us wi! the reforms we now ask for, end saat they, too, will | be_benefitied, Tb. Reeolved, That we the pablic prees in every ma and Our Wrongs can Command A motion war made and carried after the read! Frerolations to form a comanitice t tical ard effictent plan of organization, The fo lowing pereone Were nominated and elec Henry Berwick, | George Lyons, Jobn Baker, Richard Thora and William | Campden. he CHARMAN here remarked thas he notised no German names ov the list of the committee, aud moved chat tures Gorman repregentatives be nosainated, which «as carried, and the fouowing names added to the list:—Win. Spidell, Jogeph Shienick and Alcxomder Mitchell, Mr. Caxrgytar here made a few romarke, and Mr, Charters Scatss said, agen insinuation was rowa ont awhile ago by Mr. Parker that teraz opposes to U I say I am not opposed to the prees, This meeting 1 quite public, Gentlemen, I am opposed to nothing Dut Oppression. A collection was then taken by one of the mombore to defray the expenses of the eveaing, and afterwards it was proposed and resolved to advertise their designs in ali_the daily papers, it wes then propored and repeatedly seconded that thanks be rendered to the Hersto for its kind attention, whieb, after a few appropriate remarks from covers! members, was followed by thres bearty cheers aud as many “tigers’’ for the New York Henatp, The Mittary, Tip RecMENT Cay suns. —the Phied reginent Horars, of | id and eympathy cans | er that our humble o crtmate the humber of persona who etarted for rhe gold diggings this apring, but we do not think 100,000 an over estimate, —Chicogo Tribune, June 22. Col. Brooke Fostiey, will maka an anniversary parade to morrow. This is undoubtedly the best cayalry organiza. Vion in phe State, Court of General Sessions, Before the Recorder. SENTENCES FOR VARIOUS OFFENCES—CLOSE OF THE TERM—-DISCHARGE OF THE GRAND JERY—AN INTE- KRSTING PRESENTMENT, BTC. June 25.—This being the last day of the June term, the court room and every avenue leading to it were incon- veniently crowde1 by the friends of the prisoners who were tried and copvicted during the month, but who were remanded till this morning for senteace, ‘The number of cases disposed of this term was not as large a8 on previous occasions, the Court having adjourn- ed euch day at a comparatively early hour, and some- times before the calendar was exhausted. Eaward Buckley, coavicted of an agsault with intent to commit @ rape on a girl, was sentenced to three months’ itopreonment in the city prison, Kaward Parker and Wm, Ryan, convicted of an atro- cious agsault, with intent to do bodily harm, on officer Sbeerer. The Court regretted that he was compelled to reptence Ryan, in coneequence of bis respectable connec- tions end interesting family. Parker was sent tedbe State prison for two years, and Ryan to Biackweil’s Island for ‘one year. Wim, ©. Howland pleaded guilty to forging a check on the 38%. Nicholas Hotel. He was a ‘fast’? young man, Mr ‘Tresdweil interfered in bis bebaif, and, with the a2- surance that he would be sent to California, judgment was eurpended, Jas. Roy mond and Adam Fackner (two bays) charged with grand Jarcepy in stealing Dr. Foster's and wagon, were placed at the bar for sentence. Fackner was gebt to the Houte of Refuge, and Raymond was dis- charged. Teward McCormick, indicted for forgery in the second degree in circulating counterfeit bank iis on the Trades mso’s Bank, picaded guilty W the fourth grade of that offence He was rept to the penitentiary for six months. Jas. Gilroy pleaded gutity toa similar offence and was gent to Sing Sing for two years. Heusy Best, a reepectable looking young map, but whose Characicr the prosecuting officers stated was bad, pleaded gurity to forging two checks, and was sent one year to ibe peoitentiary on each indictment. Jobn Weimer, & novorious burglar, couvicted of bur- glary ip the third degree, was sent to the Stute prison for five years. Win. H. Kimball, who pleaded guilty to stealing some property from a fellow atuaent in the Theological Semins- TY, Was gent 10 tbe city prison for one month. Filev Sheehan pleaded gutity to grand larceny in ateal- ing $160 from a man whom sbe induced to visit Der bouse, by means of the p.nel game. She was sent to tue State prison for ive year Jobo Regan pleaded guilty to grand larceny, and was get to the State prison for iwo years. Martin Calkun, guiity of grand larceny, Was eeat to the Staie prison for two years. Jobw Smith, @ very intelligent leoking man, who was convicted of grand larceny, and who hus already served two terms in the siate prison, was placed at the bur for eepience. He made a speech in bis own favor, ag oid his counsel, who moved tor & new trial, which motion was de- Smith was fent to the State prison for two years, jab Saunders pleaded gui!ty to an attempt at grand larcesy, and as there were mitigating circumstances, he ‘was tent (0 the penitentiary for lour months. Catherine Tummoas, conweted of grand larceny, was fent to Sing Sing for two years. Charles E Livingeton, guilty of petit larceny, was dis. cbarged, his previous character being good. The Re. corder said he would keep the judgment of the Court hanging over bim. Anorew Rogers pleaded guilty to an aseault and battery, and was fined $10. uae Hersch, guilty of a similar offence, was fined Jeremiah Shay, convicted of assuulting officer Brown, of the Sixth ward, was sent to the penitentiary for four months. Charies Beno, indicted for rape on a little girl, whose character it appeared wae very bad, pleaded guilty to an assault with invent to commit a rape. and was sent tu the pepiteptiary for one year aud fined $109. Michael Sheelran. cbargea with an attempt to commit a Tape, was sent to the Tombs for three moaths, Henry Wenman, convicted of astuult and battery, was fined $25. Jobp O'Neil, guilty of a similar offence, was gent to the city prieon for one montn. Margaret Reddon, a fabionably dressed “‘Iaty,”’ con- victed of keeping @ disorderly house, was fled $25. Virginia Williams (colored), not fasbionsdly dressed, guilty of petit larceny, was gent to Blackwell’s Isiand for vix months, PRESENTMENT OF THE GRAND JURY. The Grand Jury came into court at noon, and through their foreman presented a targe batch of indictments, and also the following presentment, which was read by the Clerk:— New York, June 25, 1859. To nig Court or Srssions:— The Grand Jury i und for the city and county of New York reepecttully preseot, that in the exercise of their duty they bave during the present term found iaety-two bin of méictment, which have been cu'y presented to the Court ip the form and manner preecribed by lay Tne Grand Jory bave visited the city prison in Centre street, 85d exemibed into its condition as carefully es the imited time at their disposal allowed. They alt agree that ft {8 in @ much bettor condition then they have found it at avy time previous. The inie. rior wails have been painted throughout, aud otuer improvements mado in the celis, b, while adding to the comfort of the prisorert, increase the Ecouriky ggaine, ercape. They are, however, obijged to #ay that they found the Rotunda and Police Court room to a very dspgerous ard wnbealthy condition: the roor is Jeaky, the ceimge, which are very beavy, are freqnently Tainug—a few Gays since a large portien fell and came Dg a Wowan and chiid. The Police Coart room te in a woet filthy condition, and toteily vott for use, Tar bes beep the cate, ag we ara ipiormed, for a long timo, They respectfully cull the attention of tae proper autnori ties fo this matter, that the evil may be remedied at once, The Hovse of Detenvion in Writerstreet was a’so vieitod and we beneve that everything is doue to renoer the w neakes 68 comforiabe ‘ag circumstances alow. Ti Gruvd Jury devoted a whole duy to vieiting th institutions ont islanda, and are haopy to report (bat the various institutions are in good order, aod avpa- robuly everything ig dave by the wardens, of eaa ipatitution forthe benr fit of those coma@itted to their charge. In view of the fact of so many recent cues of poikoving, tbe Graat Jury res .ecifaily suggest thay a law Cf the ost ptripgent coaracter bo made, requiring a re- cord to be kept of all poigcnovs substances eoid a retail by ruggiste and others, together with the names and re. widences of the persons to whom euch gales aro made be frequency of fraud practised upon et by tic smudlers acd sgencies hag ef late a very serious mater; and the vic Ums in but few cases ever complain, for (be reason that they are urged away by taking passage «in other vesse gs, The Grand Jury urge apoa the autho ritien to have them broken up, and that the enaracter of all persons selling ticketa be duly inquired into at least once every month. Grest coropiaints are still made against hackney coaches and their ¢rivers ior crowding etaamboat wharves and railroad stations, The Grand Jury suggest that the laws relating thereto be rigidly enforced. Ail of which is re apectully submitted to the honorab'e Court by the Grand Jury. JOHN MILLS, Foreman. Joux N. Oxcorr, Secretary. ‘The Grand Jury wero diecbarged and thanked for the Prompt performance of their duties. Tbe pritoners were subsequently erraigned, and plead- ing not gui'ty to the charges preferred by the grand in, quest, were remended for trial at the July term. Margaret Burke was indicted for murder in causing the Geuth of Mr. Robingon in @ Fourteenth street boarding house by administering poison. She pleaded not guilty. Mr, Ecmon Blapkmap, counsel for Mary De Young, who stands charged with arson in the third degree, moved for her discharge on the ground that the evitenve for the prosecution was very eligbt, and he further urged bis mo- ton from the fact that bis Honor had stated soon after the opening of the Court, that be bad ret apart that day as ‘a Gay of mercy.’ The Recorder toox the papers and said he Would give his devision on Monday Couneel tor Moser Erich, indicted several months ago for Feceiving stolen goods, moved to Ciecbarge the bail, alvch Was bxed at $5,000. Mr. Sedgwick earnestly oppose tor metion, which was granted, the Recorder. onserving that notwibetanding Erich was a noted char ‘Auer oisposing of other unimportant motions, thy Court | adjourned. Police Intelligence. CharcR of? Sepverion UNper Prowse oF MARRIAGE — Dora Levine @ pretty German girl, living st No, 96 Gexter ttreet, appeared before Justice Osborn at the Lower Police Court, and preferred a charge of seduce tion under promise of marriage ngamnst @ former lover of ber’s named Shean Marx. The fair com. pisinaut stated that Marx was very attentive to her, taking her out to vartoas places of amusement, sot treating ber with s!! sorte of kindness, The day wasse: apart for the onptiale, but in the interval her tavor ans eveded ip Ledueing ber, Be then refueed to faifii, bis ea. gveement, and hept puting off the weeding aay Dore got ovt of patience with him and had bim e! The wagietratrate committed the accused for examination Fay Jans—Thomas, James and Mary Ane Riley were brought before Justice Ruly ou charge of assaulting and severely beating Eliza Kelley. (Tbe parties live at No 295 Ninth avenue, avd are ali related, The sifair canset much exciteweot in the neighborhood, aud on Fr evening, when it was rumored that Mrs. Riley Gat dy a mob of several buadred Pereovs gathered ground the house and threatened io lynch the perpetratore of the asaauit The police came up in good time, bowever, and succeeded in quieting excited crowd, “The magistrate beid the accused to bait each in the sum of $1,000 to auswer. ct Willlamsburg City News. Assartr witt A Kyxirs.—On Thursday evening Mr. Jacch Strickland, while paxsing along Grand street, Brook, lpn, E. D., awa man named James Crowyer in the act a cost from tho store of Elisha Baigbt, 254 et. He attempted to arrest hin, subbed bim with & kpife in the adoomen, |} f Hows wourd, and thea made bid eeespe Oo Friday visht Mr. Strickiaud saer b ALG Ntrewt sgaid and Caused Die arcees. When cunght be wag inthe act of sterting a pair of boots from a ature ia Grand eireet near Foorts Rireet, and hud op bie possereen a valoebie shawl eup posed io bare deen stolen, Ho wan committed tor exami nation, Mr, Strickland’s wounds are not serious, ny a THE WAR IN EUROPE. Interesting Details fonn-cted with the Present State of Affairs in Italy, &o., &., ko, SPAIN AND TH! WAR IN ITALY, THE WAR QUESTION IN THE SPAKISH CORTES—IN- CREASE OF THE AKMY—SPANISH PEAKS FOR THR SAFETY OF HER ISLANDS—ALLUSION TO SUFPOSED AMERICAN DESIGNS—THE KELATILY POSITIONS OF ENGLAND, FRANCK AND SPAIN-—ALLIANCES PRO- TESTED AGAINST, EUC., BTC. [Transiated for tne New Yori Herarp, from the official proceedings of the Spauiao Cortes } In the seseon of the popular ouamber beld on the 4th of May tbe report of the commiltee oa the projest of the governmect to increase the active forve of tae army to 100.600 men, With she objegt of maintaining the nea- tralty wWhicd it was proposed to custeio in the war which bas commenced in Rurope, waa taken up ano read. Here is the pro 106 @ad tbe discussion whica wok place in reference thereto: ‘The govertmeut anthorizer— 1. The aupmen'aion of the strength of the active army © 100,000 wen. 2. To provice for the expenses which the proposed in- create must incur in the tepartments of provisions, uven- #ii8, clothing aud boepitats, &e, B. To \werease the service of cavelry and artillery to the most convenient extent, opening the credit which Wight be neceesary for thia object. Senor Riveno—[ took the ilior with the mistaken tdea that I was the only one who intended to oppose this project. if 1 bad kwoown that were were others on the side of the onposition who thought of taking part in the devate, I would have abstamec until I saw the meapig and the char of thie jocrease of forces which 18 asked of us. [ see on all siceg eversbucy preoceapied *ith the grave events of Tay, end ibe project 18 the ofispring of toe commotion which the breaking Out of hostilities bes proauced usall lwill say more: I betieve this project to bea small one if it caa serve for saything, aad useless if % cad serve for vohicg Tbe argument 18, thep, fret, because it JB UbeleeS; BeCONA, it 18 ILopportune; third, It is danger- ove. We bao eighty thousand men im reserve, +0 that the increase which 18 aeked of us ie very small; neverthe- Jeve it shows 10 Surope what we are arming spain, a coun- try at the extremity of Europe, by ite position—whbicp, by te Duiure of ils £oi! abd ite inbaDitapw, bas vo need of aa army to cefend bersetf from actualy existing forces, nor yet to defend berseif from the beet forces ot the world, from thoke which tbe worid hus not had, and pernaps will not bave. Wherefore, theo, eboula our present furces be ivereaged wheu the militia can be placed uncer arma? Prussia woe obliged to bave no more than 40,000 men, and, notwithstanding thie, in 1813 200,000 soldier fought uncer ber banvers at Luizen, at sant zen, and conciuded by conquering at Leipsic,. it will be said toxt all the Powers are arming I do not Know it, Some of tncse whom tue of strife may aifect will arm. But we—for what? Tus sruggle must bave two periods. The Crut period ie the emanmi vation of Ttaly, whica has a character intertwined wit the treaties of 1815, These treaties bave given to Austtia & prevon- cerapce over Itay, which she Has abused, unwortuily oppreseing even women, baruesing the country, unwor- thily- treating ail her subjecta, excluding them from popular rigbis. Phe second persod will be @ general Euro~ pean wur. Let us suppore tbat those who bave reasva in Justice and power to be conquerors may be er0quered. Z ‘am inclined to believe tha: Europe at a later period met in- termingle in the struggle. The lass who can enter iw it is ourtelvee. What is there to threaten us, knowing that on the question of independence we are fovineiole, ag Napoleon the Great has declared? fhie armament cappot be for the defeoce of tue territory. In order to defend her territory, Spain does not require, nor bas she ever required, any army. Well, then, if not pos- sibly being for the defence of the territory, if we Lave to vole an armamest on this great question, it is peccesers for the government, there seated, Lo give us Be- curity that the armaments are’ to be emplvyed in favor of Tderty. If { bac the security that toe actual President of ‘Ube Coune) would have to couuaue tn power, | would uot Deve avy hesitation in young Dim armaments which might ferve in case our sword shou'a have wo weigh In tae des- unies of Karope in favor of the emancipaucn of peoples. But [ bave pot wisgecurity, This governmeut bas given him a deerce of exsience ; another decree might take it from bim. This government has offered no guarantee whatever ; it bas cone novning in favor of Liberty weicn CAD g:Ve US FeOurity Wat it wii be gtropg ageinet the re- action. Is ih treated as a question of contizeace? Then, an ttesks 0s for eouficence in the government, let the goverpment hive it io the country, apd arm the Lational dolla, Picaily, opt woich saved ihe President of we Copucil in Manz-nares was the ‘nrocation of tac nanmmal milttia, which, by the confession of their adnersartes, sated us in thecwil wa —ibe vavional wiaua, hereso mucn enlo- Ned, WhIcD cout idused 80 Mush Ww what jonvell was in 286%, and it may be dey. But eo not speak (0 evlogive tho pRUCER Mina. 1b is to show tbat tw one Bystum of coa ce It ALE WEIS ILL avoLMer Ui contd Have soa cence tn the coun? ‘Then arm the na ‘ual mi- Bave you no covlidence i the country? fhen Nis. netber bave 1 any ip you, and I will pot you for the armament. Don Pepro Rava REI~Sevor Rivero has attacked Ceition a8 nseless, NOPPOrIMEE aNd daoge.cus, anbeuph be bas nob auempted to *a0w the batter. Tad Febtiewan Lelevee thet tue project of tue govera- Toevt we the efest of the tapressioa produced by the 1 teligence of the beginaing of war ita italy. Jt ia the truth; but this has been a measure of precaution which aii the nutious of Europe have already taken or are now tsking Tu moments 20 solemn, ana Uader circumstances #0 dificult, governments vught pot to eep in the hoe thet the people wilt haste to defend ineir mdepead- 1o8 16 Lot enough It is better to pree than to remety an evi), and it is necessary foreign natwms should Kenn that our na- be attacked with wapunty. On > We, woo desire to be veuwals, have h for the present in an adtition of 16,009 wen to be army to be prevared ivr the Bret oventuanties. The lorce Of Cavalry und artiltery ts not improvigea; che in- featry may be improvised, bus not toe epecia! ams = The oTabie gentioman Muss seo, When, WAL se oraject i Loy urciesk, as by increasing (ne force of ardtlery and Cavally We Cal bave the urmy €0 thes 6 migut oe ready A & RIVED moment 1 ceuGot meke the qualiflcavous which have bien made by Senor tbe acts Of By OF we Dedigerent parsie®, all of tuem friends of © SPALL KUVETLIDSUL, ud W, RO have islands we fie werranean und possessions in ihe Antilles, ought to pri vide for the maincenance of tie tntey: ity of our territry. Te doe DOL keem bur toa we Dave forcouen the cuuotry’s mistory. I remember wrth grief that—tusaks to coavul- sone of this pature—a fag woice ¢ folds the ons of Castue now flott Spavich ter- ritory. In the eecona pouse of toe question ot which Scour Rivero bas epoxea t us, ava by which, according to bim, tbe euruggie tas to psew, Ld got kuow wf we can, Wf We ought, or if we will be calied upon to take ang part. Our grapdfatners very well kuew the road to Nely: we do not koow iv snfticiently, uorwith- suuding thas we might have been tuere recentiy. iu TegarG to the stebuicy of toe present powerniaent, of eben I am @ faithful friend, I ought to say thet [ nave Lot Wooght of thet op concurring im the proposition; and. i cau areure gentiemen thes if tacre were seated & po- Aucal ebemy Of mine on the ministerial hevohes, and he should come, UnGer present circumstances, to usk me tor subsidies, 1 Know that I would grant them’ with reo will, because, Bbove ali Our misuniersiuudings sod dicord ‘here ib Oe thing ta Which we are uli agreed, aud it i6 Maintain intact the navoual honor and dignity, wishout which vations «snot enjoy true ndepeadence nor be as+ sured of enure joerty. Senor Goazaues bRaio—Never have [felt the weight of tbe reepovaivinty of tae pubic man as | feel i w-cay, because Lbave vever believed rat Spain has rer foun? herself 1m such critical munents as the present tune ie must be added to this coorieiion, that I do not ealy Speak on my own account, abd that I am about tu reflect the feeirg med te ov'nious of tha great party, a lew represeotatives Of which are Low pre * this Imperes grave coties vpoo me, in order to wich I beg the eapecial indulgence of the Coogress, re eDIeTINg Ito tbe deb of tie queesion, T oust ex- plum Iny reasons for raising wy vore op toe sce of we opporition, Never buve le me With #0 BuO & desire und with Fo much sincerity to grave depates; f nave taken (ue Bide Of wwe epoositior 4s ] would have taken toa oi we sfinmaure, se Ldesired to Speuk, ana bec ridee, WE WhO are Fesolved to give complet s the government at this UME wii Hoe do 49 witho PeDLioR Some Considerations. [) 18 In Vain for Us wo to be Geaf lo the voise which, from ail parts, penotrates e. Mem ers of we grent Kurepeen family, we be tyrorent thes the last pay 4° the treaties which seatled we equilibrium y Europe tw 18.5 is now being torn to neces te the plans of Predmant, 1) wish to isla the Spanish race fr0%m thie yreat nuivement ts the most absurd of all errors. Lg 1S Lal +e ehoutd desire wud procure weusreinys her is ibat we ceage to feel, 10 ke part ia what uuney which, af aba mUitary Senge, 4 couvalang ied iknow to Whatexteut { ougor io ectstion Of history. {do vot waut to © vovveniuns of 18.5 are sitpuiaced. ed We, hoi withsaoding, to eCpress an Alter Whe grout strogees wf principls of wna the epirit whch baa gisiueded ihe world baying heen Coequered, the nabuoa Who were at the Lewd of bho overent uastered to eetablien the basis of a new state #8; and they bad 50 mach reasou t be nasty (and eatural that they al Dave), that ta of exigtipg problems ihey sougist to gain time aad peave to reswore the AMM ullaved Lorves of the na- ‘The root of toe evil ig in tiie manner of deabag Posrponements which, 18, bo~ ort oO Hens. with thoes celebrated treaties, ‘inder Certaip circumstances, may be cou venient, goverwily do po More thay to make golutious difficult. ‘Hatory is vith me ip & series of acts, which nesory will be adia to. ceny, Sioce then scarcely ar important oceurrence hag taken piace in Europe which hae not been a step towards destroying those treatios. Ony to see tho repre- sentative of thodynasty anathematized by the representa~ tives of 1816, now seated upon the throne of France, is rofiicient to comprehend that those treaties have been xowg Loough @ procers af destracton leaf by leaf, and that if there gcarcely yet remains a written pace, the capnor and the bomb #!l now obiiterate it on the Piedtmon. ee0 PWS And, ,eDtlymeD, Is the part which we took im » Weation pot rewembereo? Were not oor fatners itcse whe opened the reaa fo the ipotentiaries that Mane therm? Bolore epeubing of the tahaa question, par. Wk My to wake a proven Without pityicg wnphody, ith soe reserve Wowk my duly Woporee Upon ma, I whi tuy that, when a oOpte struggtiag for tke eladication of tS Loncpality i keOxeN OF, 160 HOS KDOW how to \oink—Z knew netmrg more Men to feel, Dut after this, tg me be permied to ask—wiil it be the Kaita que tion aioue that will be involved in the matrer now Boing ag,