The New York Herald Newspaper, May 30, 1859, Page 6

6 NEW YORK HERALD. JAMES GORWOS EDITOR AND PROPRIETOR, OFFICE N. W. OOBNE AND NASSAU STS TERMS, cash in advance, Money sent by mail willbe ot ie risk of the sender. Postage stamps mot 1 eceived as sutveripion mow Tile DAILY HERALD tio conte per eapy $7 per TUE WEEKLY HERALL 0 al wiz: cents por cop Vee conte or $5 to any purt of the C Calffornia Edition onthe Shand ¥ ui ly J Particotenuy bear AGES Bex? Us NO NOTICE can Bdtion. 1 TA eth meatnase, cheapness and de pS HIS RVENING, ACADEMY OF MUSTO, Fourteenth street Travian Ore mi-L. Fouv20, NIBLO'S GARDEN, Bar seks. ROWRRY THEATRE, Powery.—Magt, tus Trarran— EvevsEs Wraox METAOPOLITAN THEoTKE (Late Burton's).—Lovise Be LIGNRSOLL® GUY Mawnkalea | Broadway —Gur Maxwenixa—La | WalLAOK’S THEATERS. Broadway.—Monzr~Tuz Bot> Duacoox . LAURA KBUN#'S THKATKS, No. 524 Broadway.— Mo iemss Auair’s Dense BARNUMWS AMERICAN & oon and Kvening—UBcLE 10! M, Broadway.— After |ABIN. WOOD'S MINSTRE Brmvorias Sosas, De BRYANTH MINSTAKLS, MSOR AN1Ce GALL, 427 Broad: way —Nacue sanca £0 —Cuaw Aoasr Bi NUD, 96: ana 563 Brosaway- tu 40. —BCaMPLN1, HOOLBY'S MINGTRELS, 49 Broudway.--Brmimsques, Sows. Dances 30 - Desarrouten Loveus TRIPLE SHEET. — New Vorm, Monday, itlny 30, 1859, Baeihs Fee cUhePse. Whe New Vork Heras teen for Bury. ‘The Cunard mail steamship Canada, Capt. Lang, will leave Boston on Wednesday for Liverpool. The Evropean mails wili close in tais city to morrow af- ternoon, at balf.past one o'clock, tg go by railroad, and at four o'clock, t9 go by rteamboat, The Buropean esition of the HERALD wil De publisted ab tee o'clock in the morning. Single copies, in wraopera, air conte, Sabscr pions and adveriisements for any edition ot the Nwe Yous Hmnai> wit) be reooived at tho following piaces 12 Europe — ». Lansing, Baldwin & 6. 8 piace de ia Bourse Lapeing, Starr & Co., No, 9G R. Stuart, 10 Bx: street, East. Bavaa,,... Lanaing, Batowin & Co,, 3) Ree Oornetua Baancve |. De Thapeauronuge & Go. ‘The contents of the Surepea odjiion of ihe Asnaty wilt tombize the ewe received by moa and telegraph as the viflon during ike previous week and ap to hour the of pablication. ‘The News. The New York, from Bremen and Southampton, arrived at this port yesterday morning, with three days later news from Europe, which is of a very in- teresting character. No battle had been yet fought in Italy, but all the reports from the seat of war indicate the ap- | wnain topsail yards very badly, split and blew away proach of a mighty struggle, which the three con- tending Powers would endeavor to make as nearly final as possible. The Emperor Napoleon had established his headquarters at Alessandria, where he walked about with the most perfect freedom, presenting himself in safety to soldiers of almost every nationality on the Continent. Austria still maintained her military reserve, and seemed to have seriously adopted a defensive sys- tem of tactics. Her commanders, however, still levied heavy contributions on the inhabitants of the provinces. The provisional government of Tuscany had for- mally handed over the executive rule of the Grand Duchy to the King of Sardinia, who had appointed a Commissioner to govern in the territory. On the occasion of the adjournment of the Prus- sian Legislature the Prince Regent made a very strong and significant speech, asserting that the duty of Prussia was to preserve the balance of power in Europe and defend the interests of the German Confederation. Germany was yery much excited on the war question. England refused to acknowledge either the pro- visional government of Tuscany or the new go vernor appointed by Victor Emanuel. She was still determined to maintain her neutrality 60 far as circumstances permitted, but at the same moment was making immense preparations, both onshore andatsea, for war, manning her increased navy daily at the serious cost of the interests of her merchant marine. Cotton had declined slightly in Liverpool. Bread- sterday from Curacoa, which port b inst. thataMirs in Veneguela tled. The government troops had at fvom the hands of General Tamera, ygentarmy, at Coro, and the insurgents hat province, tue arrival at this port of the bark Clintonia have files of Buenos Ayres papers to The rious symptoms of a nd the Argentine Cou” in exploring expedition h for the Paraguay river | ship Austin, laden with wool, was Ayres, but we have no particulars | The American Consul, however, | ed the arrest of the crew, and was investi ing the affair. Our correspondent in Havana, writing on the 23d iys that there is noticeable daily an ap- proximation to the American standard of social | habits among the people of the island. There | have been very heavy rains at Sagua la Grande. Grmnajay and San Antonio have also been favored. The ship Armorial, Causland, of Bath, arrived at Havana on the 18th inst,, in fifty-six days from Liver- | pool, having experienced very heavy westerly | gales. She lost her main yard, sprung fore and ht, we & great many sails, besides losing a man who was washed overboard. We have additional files from Jamaica, dated at Kingston on the 11th inst. The Journal, of that place has the following summary:—The heat dar- ing the last fortnight has been intense both day and night, and it is supposed to predicate an early and heavy fall of rain; but as yet there are no evi- dences ef this consummation. The drought of the last and present years will, there is reason to fear, tell vgry heavily on the present sugar crop. In some districts the yield of sugar is fully thirty-five per cent below the estimates. The fact is notorious that the slave trade now proceeds in Cuba as openly and unrestrictedly as does the importation of flour from the United States. The prosperity of Havana, an eye witners assur@ us, is unbounded. Our correspondent at Bridgetown, Barbadoes, writing on the Mth inst., says:—Since the 6th there has been a very limited import of breadstuffs; but, from a scarcity of native provisions, owing to drought, there is a large consumption. Lard is wanted, wh le codfish and lumber are in fair sup- ply. The whole crop will be furnished in a wees, and will not exceed 54,000 hhds. The cane is suf- fering from drought. Public health continues to improve. Incendiary fires continue in the interior, and great damage is done to plantation property. We have files from Bermuda to the 1th inst. Governor Murray opened the session of the Legis- lature on that day. He alluded to the European war question, and said:—* We have the satisfaction of knowing that Great Britain has generously stepped forward, and honestly and sincerely lab rd, by her friendly and earnest mediation, to avert the evil impending, and if, unhap- pily for the peace of the world, her efforts in this direction should prove unavailing, and the interests of her own people and of her allies should compel her to draw the sword, we may ve’ y confidently trust that the same energetic spirit which on former occasions has animated her councils and cheered on her sons to encounter dan- gers and submit to sacrifices when duty calls, would again conduc! her triumphantly through any strag- gle in which she may be engaged.” The vegetable harvest was excellent. Our correspondent at'Nassan, N. P., writing May 3, says that in she case of Andrew Hunter Savage and Captain Paxton, late master of the schooner Juanna of Bridgeport, Conn., charged with conspi- racy to destroy the vessel and illegally dispose of the cargo, the jury failed to convict the accused. Patrick Maud shot his sister, Mrs. Abraham Tar- bett, killing her instantly,at Newark, N. J., on Sa- turday night. He was arrested and committed to prison to answer the charge of wilful murder. Maud recen ly escaped from the insane asylam at Tren- ton. An account of this shocking affair is given in another colamn. We publish elsewhere two very interesting nar- ratives of American citizens now incarcerated in foreign dungeons. One of them—Mr. J. Campbell | Smith—isa prisoner in the Acordada prison of the | city of Mexico, by order of Gen. Miramon; and the | other—Mr. E. M. Jefferson—is still kept in the case- mates of the Castle of Callao, Peru, after having | served out two years of unjust and iniquitous sen- | tence. The cases are worthy of the attention of | the government, and should receive it. Nothing is | more disgraceful to us abroad than & supine care- lessness in looking after the interests of our citi- zens. The annexed table shows the temperature of the atmosphere in this city daring the past week, the tange of the barometer and thermometer, the variation of wind currents, and the state of the weather at three periods duringeach day, vig: at 9 A.M., and 3 and 9 o'clock P. M.:— stuffs were in better demand at an advance. Con- sols rated in London on the 16th inst. at 91f a 91]. The steamship Hungarian, with news from Eu- rope to the 18th inst., one day later, arrived in the St. Lawrence last evening. Her news will be pub- lished in our evening edition. We have papers from China, dated at Hong Kong on the 3lst of March. The silk market was lower andeasier. Admiral Sir Michael Seymour, having been relieved in his command, was about to leave for Singapore. Our commercial reports from Manila are dated to the 24th of March, but the sugar market prices are not given, A circular says: The English bark Arcadia has been chartered for a full cargo of dry sugar for Falmouth, for orders to a port in Great Britain, at £1 7s. 6d. per ton of 20 cwt. The Ame- Tican ships Winged Arrow and Joseph Peabody | load with hemp for Boston on owners’ account ; the ; latter takes likewise a portion on freight, at the { Tate of $4 perton of four bales. The rate of ex- change on London has advanced to 4s, 2d., six months’ sight, for Bank and Barings’ bills, 43, 3d. private paper. We have advices from Australia dated at Sydney on the 10th and Melbourne on the 16th of March Ministerial changes were i contemplation in Sya- ney. Mr, Forster brought forward a motion in the | Assembly to the effect that every minister of reli- gion—no matter what might be his ecclesiastical | rank—should receive an equal share of the money reserved in schedule C of the Church act, put after an animated debate the motion wad lost by | 16 to 6. In the upper house, Mr. Deas Thom. son moved @ resolution affirming the necessity for connecting the Australian colonies with the proposed telegraphic line between Great Bri tain and India, The discussion was adjourned The Melbourne Herald says:—Our monthly suia mary of gold field’s intelligence is not of the satis- factory kind which iu bygone times we have been | erabled to give. Despite the proofs of untold wealth afforded by numerous payable rashes, a folling off in the yield is only too well evidenced by the weekly returns as compared with each other and with the corresponding weeks of last year, The flour market is not reported. The Victoria Parliament was prorogued February 24. ‘Trade was | dull. Sydney wool market was inactive; tallow firm. Exchange—60 days sight 18 per cent discount to half premium. By the arrival of the brig Addy Swift, Captain Avery, we have advices from Maracaibo, Vene- auela, to the 8th inst. Everything was quiet there when she left, On the 23d of April the castle of San Carlos pronounced and was in possession of the insurgents four days, when they surrendered. Pour hundred and fifty of the revolutionists were arrested on the 16th of April at Barcelona. We Hale zg kK. N. 48.0. 9 64) B. W 50/6518. W. v1... 127|90 33/68) 8, +» 23,W.15j64] W. ‘REMARES. Saturday—Morning, overcast, with fog; afternoon, over- et; rain durmg night. ‘Morning, overcast, with fog; afternoon, cloudy; —Clear all day and night. Tu sday—Clear all day and night. | Weanescay—Clear all day avd might. | Thurstay—Cirar all day and night | Friday—Morning, clear; afternoon, blowing freeb; light | rain duriog night. Saturday— Morning, clear, Cotton was quiet on Saturday and sales limited, being confined to about 260 a 300 bales, while prices were some- ‘what irregular, though without change of importance in quotations. The floar market opened heavy and rather easier, but a better feeling sprang up as the day ad- | ‘vanced, and more spirit was manifested at the close, while saies were » Soathern brands were in somewhat better demand for export, and held with more firmnese, while sales were toa fair exte: ‘Wheat con- tipucd to rule heavy, while prices were irreguiar and eales light. Inciused in the transactions were Prine white Kentucky st $2, with a small lot of Prime red Indiana wt $1 7234. Corn was heavy and lower, while ales were limited, ineluding round yellow at S00, and round white at $c. Western mixed was held at “Gc. Pork was dull and heavy, and the demand fell off at be close. The seics for the day werd to atair extent at | $17 26 for new mons, $17 60 $17 60 for thin meas, $19 60 | 10r clear do., $17 5604 $iv for prime mese, and $15 25 | | for prime. and lard were also less buoyant, Sugars | Were cold to the exteut of about 1,200 hhda, chiofly Ca- | | 598, partly within the range of Sic. a #%6., the in- | Side Sgures being paid for refining goods, Coffee was | Guiet. | Rice continued firm, with » fair amount of salen, Freighls were bewvy and engagements light, is et ulcal ties | most curious features of thee ae ri | while ago the Austrians had a loan of six inl, | lions of pounds in the London mone: which was not touched at any price. The last loan to be forced from the Lombardo-Venetian Provinces is one of seventy-five millions of florins, at five per cent. Considering the present, state of affairs, the Lombardo-Venetian provinces would hurdly be considered first rate security in Wail street. The French Emperor manages his money matters much better than his cousin of Austria. Napoleon goes to the people at large for his money, while Austria appeals to the bank- ers. Napoleon asks for five hundred millions of fronna at three and fonr and a half ner cent, and SHEET. ' he is offered more than four times the amount. The subscriptions are taken as low as ten francs, £0 thet every Frenebman may bave a direst pe- cuviary interest iu sustaining the government of the country, The difference between the floan- cial systems of the two countries is very striking, and in it may be foand the key to the operations of the war, In the matter of money, whisb is the sinew of the war—indeed, its whole body— the first victory is certainly for Napoleon, The Position and Poliey of the Buropean Powers= General War be Avoided t The news from Europe, published this mora- ing, exbibits ihe increasing fear ia the public mind that the present war cannot be confined to | Italy, and tbat it must, sooner or later, involve all the nations of Europe. That such a result must occur if the several | great Powers pursue tenaciously the policy which each is known to have at heart, is very evident ; and it can only be avoided by mutual couces- | sions in the prosecution of their designs, or delay il] some wore faverable conjuncture for their accomplishment. There are in Europe bat three | great living pations— England, France and Rus- sia. All the otbers are either in a state of pas- sivity, decay or reconstruction, In the first pumed class we may ravk Sweden, Denmark, Holjand, Belgium, Switzerland, and even Prus- sia, which, since the time of Frederick the Great, bas exbibited vo master mind among her states men, nor any other policy than a desire to couu- teract Austrian influence in the reconstruction of Germapy. Turkey and Austria exhibit unmis- takeable sigus of decay. The Turk accepts his destiny with all the philosophy of a tatalist, sim- ply insisting that Allah is great, and Mabomet is bus prophet. But not so Austria, She clings to the old ideas with all the ambition but with- out the expansive energy of youth. A young Emperor wishes to invigorate her with some of his own spirit. Under his guidance she would push her incongruous rule through the Danu- bian Principalitics to the Black Sea, and south- ward till she clasped both shores of the Adriatic and of Italy. But her jutellectual and physical systems are unequal to the task, in the face of the opposition of the spirit of the age. Italy, Germany, Spain and Portugal are now in a more or less active state of reconstruction. It is the covtrol of this process that occupies the care and vigilance of the three great living Powers of Europe. First in action among these | stands France at the present moment. She has hung out her banners as the champion of recon- struction, and drawn the sword against Austria as the Paladin of conservatism. Thus far she proclaims only the reconstruction of Italy. Whether by this she means the gathering of twenty-seven millions of Italians in one kingdom under Victor Emanuel, aud its admission into the European family asa sixth great Power, or whether she intends to unite ouly Sardinia, Lom- bardy and Venetia in one, and to place new princes at the head of the Roman States and of Naples, binding all in an Italian confederation, she has probably Jeft to the march of events to decide. Beyond this scheme stand her long cherished views. She claims the establishment of what she calls her natural boundaries, Fol- lowing the Alps on one side, these would give her a small slice from Savoy and Piedmont—no very difficult matter if she succeeds in uniting Lombardo-Venetia to that kingdom. On the other side she aspires to govern to the Rhine, taking into her domain all of Belgium, part or all of Holland, and a portion of the present Ger- man Confederation. The attainment of these hopes would make France the first military, naval, industrial and commercial Power of Western Europe. Posses- sion of Belgium would give her vast beds of coal | and iron, that stand first among the material ele- ments of war and peace, and of which she is now lacking. Belgium and Holland would bring to her numerous seaports, and the Rhine, a natural highway to her inland borders—none of |~, which she now bas, Together, they would make her the peer of England in the NorthSea and | the British Channel. In accord, if not in alliunce with France, stands Russia, the Cossack Colossus of the East. Her accepted mission is to carry civilization, commerce and the mechanic arts to Northern and Central Asia; but she extends her view to the shores of China, and perchance to those of Hindostan. In these conquests, however, she is eminently practical, and takes no faster than she is prepared to hold. It may be that policy or other influences will lead her to be satisfied with the northern slope of the Himalaya mountains. But she has designs in the West, too. The mouths of the Danube, to which Austria would extend her feeble grasp, she claims through the identity of religion and the aspirations of em- pire; aud all her hopes. concentrate on the possession of Constantinople and the Bos- phorus. This ambition has led her to unite with France on the policy of European reconstruc- | tion, and to sesent to the declaration that the treaties of Vienna must be revised. If she suc- ceeds in obtaining Constantinople, the Mediter- ranean is at once opened to her fleeta, and the Black Sea becomes, like the Baltic, the cradle of her navy. With these,she takes her stand by the side of England and France in the category of naval and commercial powers, Before these two Powers England stands, jeal- ous and vigilant. In Europe she desires to pre- serve her position as first in every sense. In Australia and India she bas two mighty empires, whose safety she must secure. For this reason she bks planted her cannon in line on Gibraltar, Malta, and the Ionian islands, through the Medi- terranean, down the Red Sea to Bab-cl mandeb, up the Persian Gulf, and on the many isles that stud the Indian Ocean. For this she sigued the treaties of Vienna in 1815, and violated them at Navarino in 1827, and at Antwerp in 1830, when the guaranteed the independence of Belgium. For this she is now arming with a rapidity and energy that throw into the shade all her former efforts. Her position as first in Europe can best | be preserved by the arts of peace and the pro- tection of her industry and trade from the mis- chances of war. But can the integrity of the shortest route to her Indian and Australian em- pires be guaranteed by the arts of peace? Will it be insured when France shall virtually govern on the shores of Italy, and Rusefa be in actual | poseeesion of the Dardanelles? Can she consent Y markety| that the independence of her ward, Belgium, shall be annibilated, and that the haven-studded shores of Holland shall pass into the hands of a Tival, if not a foe? Can she contemplate, with- out misgiving, the gigantic developement of an ‘unequalled military empire, under the absolute control of an ambitious, able and unscrupulous dynasty, that has Aloukir, St. Vincent, Trafal- gar, Badajoz and Waterloo to wipe out of its escutcheon and to avenge? These are questions that today agitate the intellect of Europe, and br at inlet ee on the horizon of ite tare, NEW YORK HERALD, MONDAY, MAY 30, 1859.—TRIPLE The Works of the Anti-Slav-ry Soclety—The Herotem of the Leaders. In the shape of wo anvual reports bound to- gether, the American Anti-Slavery Society have just issued an account of their own labors for two years, tovether w'h at etory 0: the terrible doings and seyines oO he slave power” during that period. Tbe account’ for the last of these years makes the receipts amount to $18,512, of which it »ppears the Standard newspaoer, the organ of the Society, received $6,617, and of $8,582 more we have only the vague general statement that it was expended in “donations.” This is for the Central Society in New York—the whole receipts, including those of the Massachu- setts, Pevnsylvavid and Western auxiliaries, amounting to $35,867. For the previous year he whole receipts were $38,162—indicating somewhat of a falling off in the supply of the sinews of war. It is rather strange tas with so large a sum of money in their hauds, the Execu- ive Committee were not able to publish till now the report of tbe previous year, ending Muay 1, 1857, nu», bering only 100 pazes, and the repori of fast year, ending May 1, 1858. When that ending May 1, 1859, will come out, Heaven only knows. ‘The volume now before us, containing 196 pages in ott, pre-nts a pile of stale turf already published in the newepaper accounts of the acts 4) 2 suftcrings of the abolitionists, of white “refu- gees” from the South, of fugitive slaves, of slave insurrections, of the Presidential campaign of 1856, of the foreign slave trade, and of the action of Northern aud Western States, of State sover- cigoty in Obio, of the church, and of the Tract Society, both which last are handled without gloves. They harp upon the old strings of bleed- ing Kaueas and Dred Scott, and expatigte with admiration on the heroism of some of their dupes who, by circulating tcie incendiary tracts, have rendered thems:!ves obnoxious to the laws or to the popular frenzy of the South. Bat they take very gord care not to be caught in sucha predicament themselves. From the first page of thie volume we exiract the following racy, pas- sage :— Nobody ever yet asked that oft ropeated question— “Why ucn’t yon ge to tue Sout?” trom any en Fe than a very stroug desire to send the anti al wate as far away 65 the Nmits of the country wou px sud into a region whence tue probability of return wo he exceedingly email. fhe bevevolent people who bave twen in the babit of using the question as a triumphant and ubarswerabie argument would, if their implied advice were taken, feel, on parting with the man who cou much as Sydney Smith did on bid farewell to some cierica! brother about to depart on @ mission to the Fujee Islande—‘‘ that be would be served up roasted soon after bie arrival? The expectation in our cage, more- over, would be accompunied with a most’ hearty prayer that euch a reception should await the anoli- von emissary, When the state of public opinion at the North shall warrant the indulgence of a hope that the tume approaches when anti-slavery missionary effort at home may be pr ieimtted, the way wil open for ecre Who conceive that their path of duty lies in tnat di ectop to take up the Cs.ss, amd go down among the heathen and the savages ot the Southern States. But as yet, even if the work of conversion were fin «ed at the Sorth, BO encouraged cut is offered for a Son hera cru- rade, except to those who are ambitious of a suddea crown of martyrdom, We were’ always at aloss to know why the anti-slavery propazan: ists were not sent to “the heathen” of the South, instead of wasting their sweet breat! in the Nor’h, where no nigger slavery exists, and where there ig no desire to revive it, just for the same reason that we have sometimes expressed our astonishment that the evangelizing folk of the apniversaries have been sending their mis- sionaries to the ends of the earth in search of beatben sinners, while at their own doors at home were far grea‘er Christian sinners, and far more in need of conversion. From $35,000 to $38,000 are annually spent in beating the air of the North, and in supporting anti-slavery publi- cations which are never read in the South (for the report informs us that the very possession of such literature beyond Mason and Dixon’s line wou'd subject the unfortunate and foolish individual to prosecution and severe punishment). Now, it isin the South, if anywhere, that anti- slavery propagandism is needed. But there, as yet, the propaganda have not sent a man. The aposties of Christianity did not remain among the converted Christians, but went among the heathen to the riek and loss of their lives. Many modern missionaries, particularly those of the Catholic church, have braved every danger in foreign and barbarous climes. But the anti- slavery apostles have a great regard for a whole skin—they can neither get any one to go South, nor will they venture themselves “among the savages of the Southern States.” They are not ambitious for a crown of martyr- dom ; such glory has no attractions for them ; they prefer to fight the enemy at long range, where there is little riek. There is no danger of their “sealing their testimony with their blood.” Now, we are told that “the blood of the martyrs is the seed of the church,” and if the abolition apostles were really sincere, they would carry their moral war into the South, and if some two or three hundred of them were roasted, or hanged as high as Haman, then both the North and the South might believe in them. It is idle for Beecher and Cheever, Garrison and Phillips, to be talking against slavery to white niggersand black in New York and Massachusetts, where Sambo has far more freedom than he wants or knows how touse. Let them go on a grand crusade to “the heathen and the savages of the South”—a cru- sade either of preaching or of arms—like that of the Christians of the middle ages against the Turks in Palestine. That is the practical way to do the business. Here, in the North, these men denounce “slavery as the sum of all vil- lapy,” and tell us that no other sin or crime can approach it in enormity; yet they are not willing to risk a scratch on their handsome faces to overthrow Satan in his strongholds. . The report, couscious of weakness, endeavors to anticipate this argument by saying that the North is not yet converted. Assuming that itis not, and that it needs conversion, what difference cau that make? If every man, woman and child north of Mason and Dixon’s line were abolition- ists it would not change slavery in the South. We would have no right or power to meddle with any institution of a Southern State. Cosgress itself has not the right or the power. This, then, is a very weak and flimsy excuse by which the leaders of the abolitionists evade the responsibili- ty which devolves upon them. They have aholy horror of hemp, and feel an utter disgust of tar and feathers, or riding on arail. They are great heroes crowing on their own dung-bills; but it pitted before the gamecocks of the South they would prove like Falstaff, Bob Acres or Ancient Pistol—their courage would ooze out at their heels. Tux Virainia Exucrion,—Notwitatanding all the fuss aud fury exhibited by the politicians in Virginia for the last two or three months, and despite of the amount of billingsgate heaped by each side on the other, the people of the Old Dominion appear to have manifested very little interest in the election. We suppose that the popular mind arrived at the philosophi cal conclusion that it mattered litile to which side the scales of victory Inglincd—that Leteber or Goggin filled the gubernatorial chair, the chances were about even that demagogueism would continue to control the politics of the State, Aud so it would seem that under the influence of this reflection cousiderable apathy was exbibited. Tbe aggregate vote is repre- sented as baving fallen fur sbort of that cast in the preceding gubernatorial election. To be | sure, the returns are extremely meager and w- | satisfactory. The politicians have managed to let the telegraph give the least possible iufor- mation to the public. But from all that has travepired we think it may be set down that Letcher has been elected by a majority of some five thousand. Assuming that to be a fact, and contrasting it with Wiee’s myjority of ten thousand in 1855, and Buchanan’s majority of twenty-nine thousand in 1856, we can see ata glance how rapidly the | democratic party is going to dissolution in Vir- | ginia. If the opposition had been well managed if it bad avoided all contemptible 18 about Ruffner pamphlets and corner |ots in Wash- ington, and had concentrated its attack upon the week sides of the spoils democracy, the result ! wight have been different, As it is, however, it | has shown that there are elements in Virginia, | as there are in Tennessee and Kentucky and Mis- souri, out of which a powerful national party can | be formed in the South to overthrow the nigger- | driving, fire-eating, seccssion-preaching, slave- | trade-reviving, filibustering democracy, North and South, and to elevate to the Presidential chair in 1860 a vational, conservative, Union- loving statesman, independent of all cliques and cabals. The Expectancies of the War—The First Battle. The New York, arrived yesterday, brought three days later news from Europe. There was Noe intelligence at Southampton on the 17th inst. of any battle on the plains of Italy. The human mind is singularly constituted, Much as it dreads war, it dreads the suspense of & pending conflict more. Thas, the impatience which is manifested for the commencement of the Italian campaign presents a striking contrast to the earnestners with which it was deprecated. This feeling displays itself in the most unrea- sonable way. To the surprise, for instance, cre- ated by the inactivity of the Austrians, have suc- ceeded speculations as to the motives of the in- activity of the French. If people would only take the trouble to read and reflect they would be at no loss to account for it. There seems to be growing up in the minds of the ignorant the same faith in the genius and in- vincibility of Lonis Napoleon which the masses once entertained in regard to his uncle. The ex- traordinary abilities which he has displayed as a ruler are with them a guarantee that he must also | be a “heaven-born ” general. We ourselves be- lieve it will be found that the Emperor's military acquirements are of no common order, and that to an intimate acquattance with the science of artillery he conjoins as thorough a knowledge of tactics as can be acquired out of the field. This, however, remains to be proved, and if he has not attempted imposeibilities since his arrival in Italy, the fact is no disparagement to his military promptitude. In reply to those who wonder that be has not as yet struck a decisive blow against the enemy, we beg to remind them that the Emperor only left Paris on the 10th, that he arrived at Genoa on the 12th, and at Alessandria’ on the 14th of May. As our latest advices from Liverpool are dated the 17th, there was, of course, but little time left for him to consult with hie generals and to decide upon the final plan of campaign. Under these circumstances it is ab- | surd to expect of him to realize thé “ Veni, vidi, vici,”’ of the Roman conqueror. A greater General than Louis Napoleon is ever likely to prove took considerably more time to make preparations for this same cam- paign. The great Emperor left Paris op the 7th of May, but he did not fight the battle of Maren- go until the 14th of June. It is true that he had to traneport the bulk of his army across the pass of the Great St. Bernard, and smaller divisions over those of St. Gothard, Little St. Bernard and-Mount Cenis. He did not possess the facili- ties which steam at present affords for the cer- tain and rapid conveyance of troops; but against those advantages he balanced those of a well digested plan of campaign and a commissariat thorougbly organized. In both these respects the present Emperor has been taken at fault, and the fact should be placed to his credit in the considcration of the motives that have led to this war. The notoriously unprepared condition in which the French commissariat was found on the declaration of hostilities is, we think, satis- factory evidence that Louis Napoleon was sincere in his professions of a desire to avoid an appeal to arms. It is true that his uncle made the same protestations in 1800, before he set out for Italy, but at the same time he silently and stealthily made his arrangements for hostilities by the concentration of troops and immense magazines of grain at Dijon and other points along the frontier. With the expe- rience of that campaign before him, Louis Napo- leon would not have neglected these precautions had he not been, up to the last moment, persuaded that an accommodation with Austria was possi- ble. In these days of railway and steamboat facili- ties we know that it is difficult to make people comprehend the @elay which must attend the transportation and provisioning of large armies. These conveniences, however, Jike all others, have their limits, and although they unquestioa- ably economise time, they cannot always be made to provide against circumstances of unex- pected urgency or the absence of those supplies and auxilaries of war which require previous forethought and a settled purpose to concentrate. They were, as we have shown, waating in this instar ce, for the simple reason that up to the inst moment but few believed in their necessity. It is to their absence alone that is to be ascribed the time that has been lost in driving the Aus trians from the Sardinian soil before they had had an opportunity of gratifying their plyndering pro- pensities, although we are of opinion that the de- lay will be productive of advantage. The Aus- trian commanders have exhibited in their rash advance, and as precipitate retrograde move- ments, evidences of indecision which have damaged them immensely in the opinion of military men. It is supposed that they are either without any settled plana, or that they are con- trolled by vacillating orders from Vienna—pre- sumptions both fatal to success. A Power oc- cupying the unfortunate position of Austria: should hesitate long before entering on a cam- paign of this kind; but having once decided upon it, she should betray no symptoms ofirresolution or hesitation., To advance into an enemy's coun- try simply to lay it under contribution, perpe- trate barbarities unworthy of a civMized nation, and then beat an inglorious retreat, is an error of strategy that cupnot be readily pedecmed. a has fotensified against the Austrians, in the pre- sept iustapce, the feelings of detestation and batred with which their previous conduct bas inxpired = the ~— Italian = popalativas, whilst at the same time it has taught the latter to despise their military capacity and energy. The elect, of course, will be to decide the waver- ivg in their own Ttatian possessions, aad to ua- furl the staudard of revolt there as soon as French sid is at band. As there must be, by this time, over 100,000 French troops in Piedmont, and as the uecessary tupplies are rapidly being collected for the sup- pert of the army, it is not unlikely that we shall shortly bave the news of a collision, We do not believe, however, that any great battle will be fought until the allies are fully prepared to follow up the campaign by an advance into Lombardy, To imitate the indecision of the Austrians, by pausiog over the results of a first victory, would be as great @ mistake ag that committed by the latter. The remainder of this month has, therefore, pro- bably been occupied in the organization of the military plans fer an advance, and in the strengthening of the Italian States which have declared for the allies. These necessary uteps eccomplished, Louis Napoleon, who is almost as much of a predestinariau as his uucle, may seleot the 14th of June for another Marenge, if the Austrians will give him the opportunity, Tae Scene mm tHE Bay on Saturpay— TraveL To Evrore in, Spire or Tar War.— The harbor and bay of New York presented a splendid and unusual sight on Saturday. Three first class steamebips left their wharves about the same time for Europe, laden with passengers and specie: the Arago, the Weser aad the Vigo; the latter having on board William Smith O’Brien, whose departure from these shores was made the occasion of a grand display of en- thusiasm, both in the city an on the bay. A flotilla of steamers, gaily decorated, and carry- ing not Jess than twelve thousand people, ac- companied the Vigo to Sandy Hook, presearing a picture, in the bright sunshine aod in the midst of the superb scenery of our barbor, not often witnessed, and not easily to be forgotten. It was thought by: many that the outbreak of the war in Europe wou'd put a stop at once to the exodus of tourists from thisconatry. It was suppored that the troubled condition of that con- tinent would deter travellers from visiting it; but facts of recent occurrevee entirely upset that idea, Since Wydnesday last five steamers left this port for Europe, taking out very nearly @ thousand passengers, aud over five millions ia specie. It is evident, then, that the war is not going to affect travel io Europe. The fact is» that in the age we live in things are assuming a new aspect in this asin other circumstances. A great and sanguinary war attracts people from all quarters, like some grand spectacle in the theatre, or some renowned exhbibiticn Jike those at the Crystal Palaces ot London, Paris aud New York, Tourists are hastening over to the scene of action, many with a view to be in the neighborheod of the theatre of events, and many, doubtices, ex. cited by a epirit of adventure, to visit the actual scenes of the conflict and behold the marshalling of those vast armies now coocentrating on the plains of Italy. Those of the timid sort, who may be deterred from visiting Europe, will be outnumbered by the bold ond curious, who are willing to run some risk to their personal com- fort for the sake of witnessing the important events about to transpire between the rival hosts at the seat of war. No doubt the latter class calculated upon being able to keep out of imme- diate danger through the agency of telegraphic communication, by which they will learn the movements of the grand armies, and the proba- ble locality of battle, and thus be enabled to get at least out of reach of shot and shell, and it is quite likely that this may be accomplished with comparative safety. Certain it ie, that the travel to Eurcpe, so far from diminishing, is ia- creasing. The following list of sailings within less than a week will show the number of steam vessels, passengers and specie which left New York in that period tor Europe:— » Specie, $3,000,000 1271418 685.00 60,710 $5,017,139 Whether this large outpouring of tourists is caused by a desire to witness the great warlike spectacle now enacting in the South of Europe or not, it is proof po- sitive that the war is not arresting this species of travel. Of late years there has been aconsider- able diversion of tourista towards Northern Eu- rope. The trip of Lord Dufferin in his yacht to Norway and Sweden has induced a large num- ber of Englishmen to visit those countries, while the various dercriptions of those regions which have been published by American travellers in this country may be the means of attracting American tourists in the same direction. But whatever the immediate attracion may be, it is a somewhat curious fact, that the war, which in former times would have s}ut men up in their own homes, has, at this day, No effect in restricting travel. Turorrant Treasury Circunay For Our Mar- cant Marmnk—Tur Carryina/Tuape IN THR Evrorray War.—From the Treasury Depart- ment at Washington the following important cir- cular has been issued through the Collectors of Porta, for the benefit ot our merchant marine:— ‘The immunity of our merch@t veewels at Boe from seizure, senrch, detention or visit, ip time of peace, oy verrels of war of any foreign nafou, being new admitod by ail the maritime Powers of #e hee i itis very de sirable that the flag of the bed States, the proper iadi- cation of the nationality of on Vesse!s, sould always vo wremply dlaplaged iho Eifent to lostruet Caiociors of the Customs to request the @ptains ia the merchant ter- vice, at their respective ‘eee always to display thew colors an promptly as posse, Fatih they most njaa the ocean aa rer COED, cecrctary of tho Treasury This document déwerves the careful attention of the owners and Captains of American vesels, for the reasony which we shall presently as- sign—reasons jntimately connected with the commercial interests of the country and with the carrying trade of Europe und of the world, during the war which has now broken out, and which way continue for many years. In all the discussions in the British Parlia- ment the leading statesmen assumed that if this war once commenced there was no knowing where it would stop, or what nations migbt become involved in it, In fact, there was an evident apprehension that in some way or other it would lead to @ general European war. The great exertions of Irance to ren- der her navy equal to the British, and the alliance of France with Russia, have seriously alarmed the English goverament. Accordingly we find the most vigorous and active naval pre- parations in England—so great indeed as to in- jure ber own commercial maring by taking away