The New York Herald Newspaper, May 11, 1859, Page 6

6 NEW YORK HERALD.! JAMBHA GVKEHOD BHAAKSA A, FUATOR AND MROPALEDOM, OPHICY §. %. VOWWHA OF POULTON Ana wane PRIS, coh Ge advance. Money atnt By mon Wisk of Ge sender. Postage stampa nor received money THE Dall. © HERALD. woo cents p TUE WEPKLY HERALD, evry 07 BS per annum ; the Kuropeon af ee cenie per copy, 96 per anentin to oF 8 touny part of the Continens, fovetcs Eaksiom on. the 6th and 07 BL BE per annie POE YaMIL v HERALD, om Wednestay, & sony, or 88 per onmumn OLUNTARY CO news, r" ‘NO NOTICE taken of anonymous corresponden: o Wersty Henson, Vaux Hakan, aud tn the iB patch "PRINTING sxxecuied with noutness, cheapness and de Votame XXTV........6065 .Wo. 130 AMUBEMENTR THIS EVENID AQADEMY OF MUSIO, Fourteenth street,—Itatax Orens ~L’Eusin d Amonx. NIMLO'S GARDEN, Broadws ‘Rox Roy. BO SV TARATRE, Bowery.—Cantuin—Srice Steck —Brare hroRess. METROPOLITAN TIEATRE (Late Surion’s).—A —Pxerry Vince ov Business. WALLAOK’S THWATRE. Broadway.—Morcniyt or | Vesick—A May Wiruour & Heap. | ENNE LAURA XEENE'S THEATEK, No. 521 Brontway —Min- | Sumeca Nigur’s Daxau. THRATRE FRANCAIS, 68 Broadwa: Comarias. 1a Dawe Avs BARNUMNS AMERICAN MUSEUM. Grosdway.—4tter- Boon and Evecing—Jrssin Veuk— Pappy Caney. 1G, BEL and 56f Meo wny WOOD'S MINSTREL BT! Gexu oF Tue 1 ria Bonus, Dances. +: 8, MEOH ANTON HA Be Woutp BE AN ‘TRIPLE SHEET. New York, Wednesday, May U1, 1559. OAILS FoR ECROPE. Bhe New York Herald—K@tion for Hurope: | ‘The Cunard mail ete: Y vill feave this port to-day for Li ‘The European mails will close in this city eloven o'clock this morning. } ‘The European edition of the Hasty will be pablighed at Son o’ciock in the morning. Singie copies, in w-ppers, six cents. Subscriptions and advertisemente for any editior New Yors Hanan will be roccived at the following ta Earope -— Lompos.., Sampson Low, Son& 0 Larsing, Starr & Co., 74 Lansing, Baldwin & 60., 8 place do la Bourse ng, Starr & Co., No. 9 Chapel street. R. Stuart, 10 Exchango street, East. ‘Bares... Lansing, Baldwin & Co,, 21 Rue Corneltis. HLowves .. De Chapeauronge & Co, The contents of the European edition of the Hxxsup will @ombiue the news received by mail and telegraph at the office during the previous weck and up to hour the of Pablication. 47 Lodgate Bili. ing William sircet, Pazr,. The News. The in Wail aud other bus’ effect on the bankers and f well as onthe produce mere marked. European news ¢ A great excite yesterday. ines eign bill dealer nts, was d mced to of. 6c. that. Francs ad and wer Bankers showed | difficult to be had freely at yndon withe material increase ; and especially for sig bills. out a bi Tt was supposed that Africa would take | y amount of specie, which would have for its engagement. Underwriters have not yet, we believe, proposed to i war p cies, being disposed, probably, to wait for later and more decided advices from abroad. Merchants, however, feel some hesitation in | making shipments direct to Trieste, for fear o their exclusion by an embargo articles contra), The cotton market yesterday con d dull state, or sort of suspended animation, and with | little hope of any revival or movement of moment until the details of the forcign news, with the pri- vate advices, due to-day by the Persia, can be re- ceived. were sold to spinners. The flour market was greatly excited, speculative movement, and the market closed at a further advance of 10 to 25 cents per barrel. The advance of flour in this market since the ist of April, or about five weeks, may be seen from ti following table of the on Quarity Superéae to good Stat Extra State. . Superfine Wcster: Extra Ioxa, even if free from of war. Only one or two hundred bales of cotton with a of flour in New May 10. 5986 60 ‘ 5 a5 W Michigan, Indiage brands Rye flour The State, Western and § three to five cents per bushel. Corn wi n good demand; s v Jers erm wore ade at from to libited more buc y, and e au prime aud thin mes 8 i2 a $16 2 d old at mess 75, and prime at $159 919 were also firm and petre in the market has been withdra 1,000 hhds. at rates given in ar fee was steady, with sales of 4,000 4 ,at Like. For si Peel the Chevallie’s ea refer to another colamn. and rates unchal t the West, as we lear’ the war news has created great act » duce markets. with a ¢ erable advan prices. The next new vwoked for with i 1 interest. The We Persia may bring as @ few hours later news, whi existing in the public of the Ticino by the Aus the Russo-French alliance. their way are as follows: Linay settle the inns, Th | saving of } transit route. | mail contr | perance | next, w commence. 1 out } conviction NEW YORK HERALD, WEDNESDAY, MAY J], 1859.—TRIPLE SHEET > contract for carrying the mails aemi- n New York and San Francisco and San Francisco, for a period e months, from the lst of October to the lst has been awarded by the Post Office ntto Mr. Daniel H. Johnson, of this city, ssents the Nicaragua Isthmus route ne terms of the contract the steam- tat Key West, and the schedule © between New York and San Francisco is not hvee days, and between New neisco twenty daya. Service- , and good steamboats and for the Isthinmus are to be pro- compensation for this service wv $216,000 per annum. The ser. » period mentioned, at the rate now paid ma line, would cost $741,187, showing a 9,187, excluding from the estimate the coastwise service between San Francisco and Saa Diego, and between San Francisco and Asto- which latter is provided for in another contract thout additional expense to the department. The epar' teres | iueonsiderable sum for which the new contractors | engage to perform this important mail service will doubtless excite some surprise; but it should be borne in mind that Secretary Cass, in a letter addressed to the Nicaragua Steamship Company, which was published in the Hgexaup of Monday last, very decidedly assured the company that the administration would protect the interests of s from any arbitrary action on the gua with reference to the Isthmus The administration desires that the Nicaragua route shall be permanently opened; the ot has been awarded to parties pre- sumed to be competent to the performance of their juties; the result can be easily conjectured. The effect of the announcement of the successful bid- | ders was somewhat damaging to the interests of ‘anania Railroad and Pacitic Mail uy stock yesterday. There was a to sell, and a corresponding buy. The Railroad stock fell per cent, while the Steamship declined about three per vaining for the Post Ofice yay t to pursue is to establish a daily mail se re w York and San Frayeisco. The over- yutractors vow carry a semi-weekly e two cities for $600,000 per an- ave signified their willingness to a daily one for double that sum. mail between mun, and they > pac! ip Pomona, of New York, hound from Liverpool for this port. During the of the wer news, published at ime, this event, disastrous as it may y overlooked. The Pomona Liverpool on the 27th of April, and ‘as, as reported, lost off the coast of Wextord, reland, th me day. The telegraph tells us that she had over four hundred passengers on board, snd that “the crew and three passengers, whose es are not known,” were saved. If ouly three ayed from the wreck, of course over must have been lost; but the exact Junot be ascertained when the latest res were forwarded, although the Adelaide did rot sail for three days after the disaster. The Po" mona WAS ¢ uanded by Capt. Merrithew. Sho was in A No. i,of eleven hundred and eigh one tons burthen, built in Boston »wned by Howland & Frothing: sof New Y Yesterday was the third day of the religious an- liversary ek, and ia spite of the rain storm hich prevailed the meetings were well attended, evote to-d portion of our space to ports of the pre dings of these annual meet” among them those of the American Anti- ii the American Christian Union, the ugregational Union, the New York ny ool Union, the New York State idation Conve York Colonization So- New York Institution for the Blind, the rmatory Convention, the Five Points d the Univer: t Confer The jury in the case of James Glass, tried for the murder of Owens, after deliberating since three o'clock on Friday afternoon, came into court ye: erday, and there being no probability of thei agreeing upon a verdict, they were d he Judge. An order was then issued directing the amon five hundred jurors for Monday the second trial of the prisoner will It is understood that the jury through- ong period of consultation stood eleven for one for acquittal. A sad affair occurred at the Clarendon Hotel, in this city, yesterday morning. While Mr. Francis J3.Q.Umated, a lawyer of Wall street, was exam- ining his revolver, one of the barrels exploded, and the bullet passed through his head, causing immediate death. Although there is no reason to ippose that the unfortunate gentleman meditated tthe po m of the wound was such as » belief that the act was one of pre- Mr. Umsted' was a native of Philadel- years of age. d yesterday In the Conrt of rge of grand larceny n, who was found ewelry from Isaac ted for sentence. visors met y vday. Soci A veto esolution appro Se- up the rooms of the f Courts, on the grou cclusively to the belong exclusively ation was comm bury, Dist rommodati The bill 31, 4 40, was ordered to be 4 till Tue y next. eeting of the f Ton Governors B spicy ssion ensued, ed not to place the pro- \ report of the proceedings column, ‘The return f 6,079 persons in the insti- x the charge of the Governors—a de- rod with the week previous, se s eays that “Goggin, in Virginia, is witcher to death with the proved abolition against him, and has thus nigger tune out of his mouth, while opposition candidate for Governor), ia ‘sentacky, demands Congressional protection to slavery in the Tertito: and that takes the nig- ger tune oui of Magoffin.” But this sort of bush fighting, we apprehend, will turn out to bea poor business. The opposition in Virginia, Ken- tucky aud throughout the South have thrown away a fine opportunity for a general, practical, dignified, netional orgauization upon great and living issues; and in descerling to the lowest tricks of the nigger drivers, they betray their desperate situation, That any great and whole- some political revolution oan be expected from such instrumentalities is simply out of the ques. tion. There is no room for a third party with ger tune.” The nigger worshippers of hand the nigger drivers of the South ized that music ; and for all prac- the closiag of the Kansas ozed out.” of | Neutral Rights and Belligerent Datics—Rela- tive Positions of America and England. Free trade ani sal'ors’ rights is the doctrine to which the American people have ever clung, and will ever cling. In the present compli- cated state of affairs in Europe, when the Anglo- French alliance seems to be on the point of rup- ture—when the old coalition and armed neutrall- ty arrangements of fifty ) cars since are likely to be revived, and when neutral rights are to seek their defence against belligerent infrac- tions—we owe it to ourselves that the world should know upon what ground we stand. The day has long since gone by when Joha Randolph, or any one else, could say—‘“The ad- ministration cannot be kicked iato a war.” The powers of the republic have been developed, its stalwarth limbs become knit together, and confi- dence in its ability now waits upon the will to defend its just rights and the lawful interests of its citizens. Should anything like the old paper blockades, the Berlin and Milan decrees, and tho Orders in Council, come up in the present European conflict, no administration in this country could for one week withstand the popular clamor that would arise for war. There would be no more resort to embargo laws ani non-intervention acts, Our vast commerce, spread over every sea and per- meating every land, would require and receive the instant protection of our volunteer as well as our national navy. Any attempt, therefore, to drive our merchant ships from the ocean, or from any particular sea or coast not the scene of an actual blockade, would result in driving all commerce from the ocean and confining the trade of every nation to its own home posses- sions. We trust that there is no danger of such a state of affairs as this being brought about. The ameliorations which the United States have so long endeavored to introduce into the Inws of nations have gained largely upon the world. The principle that free ships make free goods, and that the flag covers persons as well as pro- perty under it, unless they be enemy’s troops or goods contraband of war, is now tacitly, if not directly, admitted. Besides this, no one nation can now claim to be mistress of the seas. Several nations have grown up with equal power, interest and will to dispute such an assump. tion; and the belligerents, whoever they may be, will feel themselves under the necessity of re- specting them. Commerce and public opinion, too, have grown up to be powers within every State, which are not to be lightly disregarded; and even the art of war has lost much of that hitter ferocity with which it was carried on of old. To all this may be added the great fact that today England’s true and highest interests must lead her to respect, if she does not adopt, the principles of the armed neutrality which she so bitterly opposed at the beginning of the pre- sent century. Besides these great facts, which will tend to modify the collateral disputes which attend a state of war, other influences have grown up which will vastly modify the relations we held to the European Powers two generations ago. Our commerce with them has, become a necessity, ad asupply to the people and asa source of revenue to the governments. Our policy and aims have become better understood by them. Between the European peoples and ourselves, particularly those of Western Europe, there has growa up a friendly confidence that has far outs theorizing of the governments. N ple of England nor lrance could be stirred up to a spirit of blind hostility to us,as was the case in Great Britain uuder George U1. They have begun to understand our democracy and to sym- pathise wiih it. They see that popular rights rule with us, are enrolled under the banner of ref@rm in England, and march with the Napole- onic ideas into the heart of Southern and Cvn- tral Europe. All of these facts tend to prove that Hogland will not find her interests leading her to take part in the continental conflict, which thus far | not to be expected that he should reject the ad- docs not seem likely to extend beyond the limits of Italy, and that we shall not witness a resus citation of the monstrous claims she put forward fifty years ago. Recent events, too, sustain this supposition. The growing friendship aud sym- pathy really existing between the two nations has extended to their governments; and an entente cordiale, founded on reciprocal interosts between the United States and Englaud, has taken the place of the bickerings that once marked their official intercourse. The virtual settlement of the claim to the right of search in time of peaze, and the good understanding that has been brought about between the two governments in the Central American imbroglio, indicate possi- bilities very different from the contentions of 1812. Animated by the spirit that now rules the intercourse between the two governments, it is far more likely, that in the event of any un- foreseen chance or combination against her, we should be found shoulder to shoulder with Eag- land in defence of the freedom of the seas and the liberties of the world. Under euch a state of things the American doctrine of “free trade and sailors’ rights” is safe from all invasion, whatever chance may betide the war in Europe. Rypocrion ov Our Ary XPEN DITUY | another column will be found the report of the Board of Officers, convened by an order from the | War Department, to consider what reductions could be effected ia the military expenditure of the country by the concentration of frontier posts, or such other reforms as experience might suggest. The Board, as will be seen, have ar- rived at the conclusion that the expense of keep- One of our Tennessee | ing up the present army establishment may be | very considerably diminished, and at the same time its cfliciency greatly promoted by concen- trating the troops, as fur ae practicable, into large garrisons near navigable water courses, and in the vicinity of the outer settlements, where the | supplies of subsistence and forage are produced | of | at and can be furnished at low rates. The grounds on which this opinion is based are stated at length in the report, and will be found to embrace not merely economical considerations, bnt questions discipline and strategical distribution which, in the cyent of difficulties arising any time with the Central and South American States, may prove of — the greatest importance. By the arrangement: recommended by the Board, the troops now seat- tered along the line of our frontiers, and which cannot be made available for purposes of sudden emergency, will le #0 located that they can be directed at hort notice upon any given point. As to the benefits to be gained in discipline and efficiency by the concentration of troops ia large hodies, there can be but one opinion, Amongst wilitary men, as amongst all others, emulation isa powerful incentive, aud the aseemblago of several corps in a garrison will always prodace the best effects upon the general morale. The license of frontier posts bas, on the contrary, the effect of relaxing and destroying the efficiency of the soldier for all purposes save that of In- dian warfare. We cordially conour ia the pro- posed changes, which, unlike most other mea- sures of rcorganizatioa now-#-days, offer the double advantages of cconomy and improved acrvice. EMT wi The New Phase in the European Complica- Uen—The Aillanee Between France and Huseta, The alliance stated to have been concluded between France and Russia is one of those events which people should have been prepared for. ‘The consternation which it seems to have pro- duced in Englund shows that the public there have been wilfully shutting their eyes to facts which were evident to all the rest of the world, and hugging delusions the folly of which has been long since apparent. The English have, in fact, attached to the entente cordiale a value which tnever at any time possessed, aad which tho French mind could not comprehend at all. Dogged in their friendships as in their preju- dices, they belioved that, by the sincerity of their conduct, they might impart to it an indefinite duration. They overlooked, however, in their caleulations, the political necessities of Europe and the astuteness and self-relying policy of their V'rench ally. They forgot, too, the circum- stances under which the Crimean war was | brought to a premature close, and which showed that a secret understanding had sprung up between the French and Rus- sian Emperors. The meeting at Stutigard was not more successful in opening their eyes, and it required the unequivocal discourtesy of the step taken by France in proposing @ con- acess to Russia immediately after the departure of Lord Cowley for Vienna to induce a suspi- cion that Louis Napoleon was pursuing a course entirely independent of them. yen this, how- ever, had not the-effect of arousing their suscep- tibilities, and it is only when they find the fact of the Russian alliance brought home to them in black and white that they awake to a conscious- ueas of it. In proportiou to their blindness, how- ever, they exhibit an unreasonable degree of alarm and distrust. It does not follow that be- cause France sees fit to pursue an independent policy on this Italian question it must necessa- | rily bring her into collision with Exgland aad | English interests. The alliance with Russia was a necessity with Louis Napoleon. He is as little to be accused of bad fuith in it towards England as he is to be re- proached for want of consistency in his general conduct on this question. Exposed as he is to the uncertaintics arising from the demoraliza- tion of political parties in Bogland and the frequent changes of government to which it leads, be had urgent need to fortify himscif against Coburg intrigues and conservative lean- ings in favor of old traditions and dynasties. That the sympathies of the Derby government went strongly in favor of Austria there cannot be adoubt, and although they would probably have gone the length of exacting some temporary concecsious for Central Italy, their interference on the whole would have only tended to rivet more strongly the fetters of the Italian people. It was, no doubt, the conviction of this fact which induced Louis Napoleon to give the go- té call Mr. Buckanaz “s traitor” to the party? Who are the traitors? They are those men of the party who have rebelled, intrigued and oon- epired, in Congress and out of Congress, North aud South, to defeat the measures and to destroy the influence in the party of Mr. Buchanan's ad ministration, Disappointed office beggars, and reoklees aspirents, and spoils aud plander job- bers for the succession, have thus played tho traitor against the administration aud the party. The sdministration remains firm, but the poor party, by these traitors in the camp, has been ro- duced almost beyond the hope of recovery. Its only hope is with the administratign. Mr. Mon- tague, we fear, is one of those spasmodic politi- cians whose zeal is too apt to outrun their dis- | cretion, and the Virginia democracy, at this cri- sis, would do well to keep such stumpers at hone. Tox Anniversaries Unper Way.—inter- | mixed with the metropolitan tide of trade, | fashion, frivolity, Bohemianism and rascality which flows through Broadway trom morning till night, we have had within the past three or four days an under-current of rural bonnets, pro- | vincial coats, white cravats well preserved, white | hats, and so on. In fact, the country has put on , its “store clothes,” and journeyed to the metro- | polls to be edified with the annual exercises of the various religious, benevolent and reform as- | sociations. The Lord, who chastises the special | | objects of His care, always provides a rain storm | for the anniverearians, In a meteorological poiat of view, this year of grace presenis the same fluvial aspects. After enjoying the most deli- cious spring weather for a fortnight, the wind changes to a gale, and the rain falls ia torrents Yesterday the storm and the anniversaries cul- minated together. It wasa heavy day for the berometer, and the church as well. Our ancient friends, the Garrisonian aboli- tioniats, exploded like a bauch of fire-crackers in | an empty barrel. They abused Doctor Cheever, the reverend gentleman who has lately been preaching against the sin of slavery, in the most terrible way. They evidently consider him as an interloper in the camp—one who desires to infringe ou their patent right to work for the amelioration of all the little niggers in the land. Their indignation is the more bitter, perhaps, be- cause the British Exeter Hall sympathisers have been called upon to contribute to the support of | Doctor Cheever’s church, on ihe ground that | it has suffered pecuniarily on account of its pastor’s labors im the cause of the slave. The Garrisonians do not relish any such poaching upon their preserves, and desire to have it distinctly understood that the Cheever wing is in no way entitled to any of the rpoils which have hitherto flowed from British founts into the breeches pockels of Masea Garrison. { But neither the abolition nor the tomperance fanatics attract much attention this year. Tbe State Temperance Society, which wus, ouly a year or two since, a powerful, numerous, wealily aud influential body, has lately broken dowa financially, and at its anniversary meeting yes” terday only five members attended, which would seem to show that the society was beyond the power of aay galvanic batiery, however strong it might be. i by to Lord Cowley’s mission, and to give prac- | tical effect to the understanding, or it may be positive compact, which he had previously form. ed with Russia. When he found that he could not rely upon England for its support on a ques- tion on which, a+ a constitutional government, | he considered himself fairly entitled to it, it was | vantages offered him by av alliance with the form- er Power merely out ofa sentimental regard to his unprofitable relations with Eogland. Lord Clarendon may sneer at the liberties of Italy | being placed under the tutelage of two despotic | Powers like France and Russia; but there is not as much inconsistency in the fact as in that of Englond propping up Austrian misrule. It cannot be denied that in Irance Louis Napoleon reigas by the will of the great majority of the people: whilst in Russia Alexander is personally risking mere to give freedom to the masses than any con- | stitutional monarch in Horope has ever done. It | matters little whether in regard to Italy the French Emperor be sincere or not in his profes- sions of a desire to give its people liberal institu- tious. In the absence of other and better means he is to be accepted as the instrument of this great work ; and, until he proves falee Lo his promises, there is neither wisdom nor advantage in dis- trusting him. Of one thing we are satisfied— that if the Ttalians wait for the aid of Lagland to procure them the reforms of which they stand | in need. they will have to linger on until they have worn out the iron of their chains, They eo thoroughly understand this themselves that / they prefer taking all the risks arising from the un- ascertained purposes of Lonis Napoleon to trusting to the vague hopes inspired by the sympathies of | polis is only equal to one sensation at # tine, | Cheever’s private abolition society may present | The truth is, however, that the war excitement | is the only topic of the day; aud, as the metro- the anniversarians attract little attention outside of the persons who have a direct financial inte rest in them, and the old ladies who go to church as a quiet place whercia to mend their | stockings or hem thir handkerchiet&s, Today the proceedings of the Tract Society and of Dr. some new points; but as a rule the anniversaries this year will be duller than ever, and hardly worth the trouble of reporting, Loans ro 1k Figniind Poyers—Lurore ox tux Brix or Bankevutecy.—l'rom the tele- graphic news from Europe by way of Qucbee, published in yesterday’s Wreraty, tt appears that Louis Napoleon asks for a loaa of 500,000,- 000 francs ($100,000,000) to carry on the cam. paign in Italy, in which he isto take the com- mand in person. The loan lately prt in the mar- ket by Russia, now the ally of Napoleon, is $60,000,000. Besides these there arc in ihe mar- | keta loan for Austria of $30,000,000, which hitherto she has been unable to seil, but has seized instead the metallic currency of the Aus- | trian bauks; a loan for Sardinia of $25,009,000, which she has succeeded in obtaining; a loau for Prussia of $45,900,000, and a loaa for Hagland in behalf of India for $30,000,000, ‘The total amount of new loans in the market is $20,000,000, besides over $16,000,060,000 al- ready due by these governments. The effect of the coming war will be to make them all bankrupt. The annual interest on the debt of Eagland alone is $120,000,000, The annual expense of the Mnglish liberals, and which never can be re- alized as long us class interests sway the foreign policy of Great Britain. The alliance between France and Russia is un- doubtedly a great blow and discouragement to the Coburg clique and their supportersin Eng- land; but when it comes to be viewed in its proper light we have no doubt thet the great body of the English people will regard it as a fortunate event. It will compel their rulers, and whig, to avoid the dangers into which their aristocratic and conservative ten- dencies are apt to lead them in their foreign policy, and to observe ouly those broad princi- ples of justice ond right which are consistent with constitutional institutions, Should the Derby Cabinet, or any other, after the lesson which has been taught it by France, persevere in interposing the weight of its iniluence between the Italians and their just claims, it will expose the country to great perils. Eagland may be placed by a combination of the Nuropean Powers in as critical a position as that in which by her subsidies she herself placed the first Napoleon. If she is too selfish to interfere to promote the cause of human liberty, she should abstain from | all interference in the other direction. [ao the circumstances in which she is placed by the alli- ance between Ruseia and France, an armed neu- trality is obviously her best and safest policy. Wro are tae Trarrons?—The Richmond Whig says that Mr. Montague, the democratic candidate for Lieutenant Governor of Virginia, used the following language in a recent specch in Caroline county, to wit:—‘I voted for Mr. Buchanan on the Cincinnati platform; but he has deceived me. He is a traitor to bis party, and, £0 help me, my Creator, (ll never vote for him again.” Mr. Montague may not have said this; but we think it most probable that he did say Wire. Aseuwing, then, a, does i or nay democratic corfud that the speech was ne Mr. Montague, of Governor Wise, her army and navy is $157,500,000. Her whole annual expense is $340,000.000. Russia owes 0,000,000, and the aunaal expense of her | ) army and navy is 0,000, Mrance is | {in « similar predicament. They will | {not be able to pay the interest, and a} |erush will take place that wil shake all | Europe. The effect, on the contrary, upon | | the United States, will be to enable the government to pay off our national dibt. | The demand for agricultural produce will | greatly increase with the war, and cousequently | a vast amount of manufactured articles will be | | sent over here to pay for the food of the figlt- | | ing armies. Our revenue will be 80 increased | from the duties on these goods, that soon the | ; national debt will be wiped oui, while ihe nations of Murope will be involrcd in a bank- ruptcy from which they cau never recover, and thousands upon thousands of fundholders will be ruined. Already the funds in England have rapidly fallen, and forty stock brokers have failed. This is but “the beginning of sorrows.” | | War is not a productive, but a destructive art. | Not only is a vast number of men taken away from the cultivation of the soil and all the arts of industry, but the growing crops are laid waste, agriculture is neglected, the operations of trade and commerce are interfered with, and immense property is destroyed by the armies who are maintained by the toil of civilians. But this can- not always last—poverty and bankruptcy tnevit- ably ensue, This is the legitimate consequence to which wars of aggrandizement lead those nations who permit their rulers to spend their money and shed their blood like water for the purpose of gratifying a guilty ambition, a base revenge, and other selfish passions of huwan nature. Tux Sovrners Com AL Cosvantion, — As far ee heard from, the great Southern Cora. meroial (political) Convention which assom’yled at Vicksburg, Minsiseippl, on Monday, to turn the country fnside out, and the world upside down, will turn out a fizzl Tus Massacuoswirs Surrrace Resrmcerom Avorrep—lis Pucuasia Porirican Coys. Qubaors.—-The proposition referred to the pouple by the late Mussachusetis Legislature, denying the right of euffrage in that State to forviga bora citizens for two additional years after their na- lorulization, has been ratified by the populy vote, The vote is exceedingly light—about oa fourth of the actual voters of the State partioi- pating in the election. Tae obnoxious amond- meut, therefore, hag been curried by default; but having become a part of the State constitution of Maseachusetts through the agency of the de minant republican party, that party will overy- where he held responsible for this offensive dia crimination against our foreign born citizens, The Native American sentiment in Magsachu- setts is particularly strong. It bas come dows to that people from tho rigid old Puritans; and from this constitutional amendment against the adopted citizen the republican party of Masse- churetls- had perhaps no escape. But admitting that this thing was a local concession to N: ativisaa, which the safety of the republican party in that State imperatively required, the question comes up, what will be the probable consequences to the party of this restriction outside of Massachu- etts? That it will be somewhat damaging is cop. tain ; that its cffects will be very serious is | highly probable, and {t is not imposstble that the consequences may lead to the defeat of the re. publican party in (860, from the loss of those important Northwestern States in which the German yote commands the balance ofepower. I'rom New York to Minnesota the managers of the republican party, aware of their danger, have endeavored to bring up their Massachusetts brethren to the work of defeating this consti tional amendment. “ut all efforts of this sort, seconded with all the influence and ability of Senator Wilson, have failed of their purpose; and now, if the forlorn democracy do not tuca this importaat battery with ruinous effect upoa the republican camp in New York, Penasyl- vania, Ohio, Michigan, Indiana, Iinvis, Wis covsin, lown and Minnesota, we are very much mistaken, We know tuat an immense body og our German adopted citizens have joined thoir fortunes with the republican purty on the ground of hostility to the extension of slavery, and in favor of free soil, free labor, free farme, Xe.; but when the party advocating theee mea- sures stoops to juggle with Know Nothivgism in a restriction which placcs the German bora citizen two years behind the free nigger, the German bora citizen outside of Massachusetts will be very apt to sympathise with the German suffering from this restriction. Thus, the first significant result of this Mansa- chusetts constitutional amendment will probably ve the clection of two democratic members of Congress {rom Minnesota, heretofore pretty gene- rally given up to the republicans, We shall hear ofa reaction among the Germans, and the offending republican party will very goon feel the pressure of this peace-offering to Kuow- Nothingism. In hide-bound Massachusotts they know nothing of the more liberal public senti- ment of the great West. INTERESTING FROM WASHINGTON, Our Recent Difficulty with Chite Taken tn Hand—The Contemplated Hegira of the Mormonr—Successes of the Constatacionalists in Mexico—Activity of the Texas Smugglers on the Rio Grande—The Award of the Calle fornia Mail Contract, &c. OUR SPECIAL WASHINGTON DESPATCH, Wasnrsctox, May 10, 1859. Our government has sent despatches to our Minister in Chile with reference to the difficuities which receatly oc- cured there. They are understood to be very decided. The government does not claim that a Consul’s house is place of refuge for political offenders, but, without apprew- ing altogether the conduct of Consul Trovitt, they at the fame time sek that bie exequafur may be restored. Tt appears that the movement mado with regard to the Mormons leaving the continent is not a party ono and cil not originate with politicians. Ii originated with certain shippieg and commercin! men in combination with Mormon chiefs. The pian is not yot matured, bub it is bighly probable that it will be within a short time. ‘The prigviple of it is, thatthe Mormoas shal! be paid for their improvemerts at afair valuation, and that with these means they will be able to pay for their transporta- tion to an island of tho Pacific relected for that purpose. By news from Mexico of a late date wo learn that the ccnstitetional forecs bad entered the city of Sau Luis Po- tosi, the Centralists having eyacunied it. Besides, thoy wore in possession of Zacatecas, Guadalajara and Guana. junto, Largo amounts of goots were beirg taken into Mexico by way of Texan at tow duties, or smuggled, muck. fo the Injury of the Gulf ports. Mesers. Vallandigham, of Obio, ard Rust of Arkuneas, arrived bere to day, und aro stopping at Witiard’a. RAL NEWSPAYER DESPATCH, Wasutxoron, May 10, 1859. Tho contract for carrying the mail botween Now Yerk and San Francisco and New Oricaus and San Ffrancisce via Nicaragua, counecting at Key Woat, bas been awarded toD. H. Johneon of New York, at one hundred and sixty- rd two thousand doUars for a semi monthly service f~ nine months from the Ist 0 October. The schedul © bo tween New York and San Fraaciaco is . ot to exceed twenty-three days, and between New Orleaus and Sao Francisco twenty days. Tho ocoan service ts to be per- formed In good and siiflicient steamships, and the Isthmus fervice tn good and sufliciont steamboats and land car- ringes, The despatches recently sent to Mr. Bigler, our Minister to Chile, require Lim to make a prompt demand for entia- faction in consequence of the outrages on American citi- gens and prepesty. While the conduct of Coneul Trevitt together apprés. ', the authoritios of thatrepublia ed to puniéh the coldiery for their lawless pro- 4 Ou bis prow ses, aud to restore to bim his In addition to the wetrnctions sent to Ctah yesterday to Goneral Johnston not to order out the troops as & posse comitatus, unless by order of Governor Cumming, expiae pations with regard to the President's former proclama- tion were transmitted, the purport of which is repre- sented to be that the amnesty extends only political offences, As Jadgo Cradlebaugh’a offoris were to punish certain Mormons on othor and different charges, the prominent, if mot the only blame | attached to him ia in calling on Genera! Johnston for troops, and in this the latter does not stand excused, ‘There bas not yet, however, besa any efiuite action on the Jndge’s conduct. ‘The Secretary of War has of late boon in dolicate health, and he designs to-rnorrow to leave Washington on a brief. visit to Virginia, The De Morlay Encampment of Knights Templar, of: Boston, on their way to Richmond, will stop at the a. jonal Hotel of this city, where preparations have bees: made for their reception. John Heart, formorly editor of the Charleston Mawvury, has been appointed Superiatendent of Pablic Printing. The Massachusetts Klection. Boston, May 12, 1860.. ‘The returns of the vote yesterday from 114 towns give vor 6,000 majority for the two years amendment. Tho} total vote on the question will probably not exceed 49,000, ‘Whe Oberlin Rescue Casa. Cixyatann, May 10, 2869, Lapngstoa, another of the Oborlin rescuers, wes for.n guilty @day, and will be sentenced with Bushnell tq-mor. row, The Dudloy Observatory. Auaxy, May 19, 1859. Professor Brannow, Director of the Michigan State Ob servatory, has beon nominated by Professor Mitchell, appointoc by the Board of Erustocs, Associate Diroctor | Dudley Observatory, Professor Brunnow accopls will take wp bis reartence mt Aluany forthwith, Prot