The New York Herald Newspaper, April 30, 1859, Page 4

4 THE CRISIS IN RUROPE. respondence, THE BANKRUPT CONDITION OF EUROPE. Seizure of the Metallic Reserve in the Bank of | Vienna by Austria, BRIGHT ON COBDEN, &., &e., &. Our Paris Correspondence. Pans, April 14, 1859, The Ausirivn Addresato the Troops—A Second Grand French “Review in the Champ de Mare—Movements of the Army— ‘Sardinia’s Volunteers— War of the Brokers on the Bourse —The Imperial Family Rusticating—Ihe New Sardinian Mission—he New Opera—M. Koger ina Difficulty, &c. Any position more tantalizing than ours it ts mot easy to conceive, Like the fitful weather sacred to the month in which we now write—now bail and snow, now a day of harvest sun, to be foliowed by the lightning flash and thunder exceeding loud—go do the reports of imminent peace or warexert their influence for the hour, Tne Rentes shot up a frauc because Austria had been induced to forego her demand for the previous disarmment of Piedmont as a preliminary to the Coogress, though it is difficult to see that peace is much nearer on this account; for passions, like the winds of Holus, haye already burst out of their rocky caverns, and are not likely to fad their ‘way back till their fury is spent. In consequence of the Austrian Marshal's impassioned address to bis troops, for twenty four hours it was geus. rally believed here that war was absolutely declared by Austria against Serdinia. Although the semi official Pa- trie has since explained away the language as officious ra- ther than official, and as mere barrack slang, it will be believed that matters must have proceeded very far when such an address, or anything like it, could have been ‘ventured upon by so trusted a servant of the empire. Reports have been everywhere disseminated—and the present rumors of a peacetul solution bave not caused ‘them to cease—that we are to bave very shortly a review in the Champ de Mars of 100,000 troops; that the city aud suburban National Guard are to be present; thata solema declaration of War agaiust Austria would be made thea, and that the working classes, now for some years ex- cluded from the National Guard, would once more be in- vited to enrol themselves and exhibit their loyalty to the Emperor. Troops continue to be brought into the port of Marseilles from Algiers. But yesterday the 43d rogiment of the line, 1,200 trong, Was iaoded from the Mogador, and another transport brought in a cargo of Algerine mules, These animals aro destined, like the Numidian elephats of Han- nibal, to climb the Alpine passes, and help on the invading host towards the fair plains of Italy, Certainly, whatever may be the hopes of peace, the preparations for a vigorous war are by po means relaxed. Lord Cowley is sanguine enough to believe that once the Congress organized and got to work, very much might be done. Sych, however, ig not the belief of French diplomatists, nor doI kuow | anything iu Lord Gowley’s character suificiently weighty to impose upon the mighty influezces which, indepondent Of matters on the surface, are deep seated and ready to buret forth i bitter wiath when ever the mot d/ordre is given. Sardinia is raising volunteers to the tune of 500 daily. Meantime, to prove to (be world that at least there is one prince ready to put bimseif at the head of the armed chi- valry of France and accompany the warriors who now strain upon the leash from Besancon to the Mediterraneau, the infant sov of Napoieon LIL. parades every day in grena- dior cap and glittering sword in tho rear gardon of the Tuileries, attenced by a burly footman in groen and gold; two maids of bonor and, last not least, two snow white curly locked poodle dogs, to the eminent gratitication of some Scores of gamins, nourrices, and many little ladies and gentlemen who bask habitually under the sun in the gar- den of the Tuileries. A charac tic incident bas recently taken place at the Bourse. For some time back a very natural jealousy bas existed on the part of the regular stock broker or agent de change, wbo % obliged, before being admitted to per. form that function, to give large securities to answer for his soivency #gainst the coniessters, or parties outside the Exchange, #00, without the right to mingle in affairs as Tecognized agents, contrive todo aw immeuse acat of buni- ness, Which they transact st a somewhat lower per ceat age tban the licented agent. Complaint alter compiaint bad been made that the contessiers Ought to be put down; and at last, on the representations of some of the most infiuential agents de change, au orasr was isaned by the police that the books of the conlesiers should be seized and their cccupation swept away. The storm at the ‘Bourse wes something feaiful. The name of the contes- siers Was iegiou; ihey were a tribe of fquatters who had £0 long made gio their enerosch ments, tbat to dislodge them was & veritable interference with vested rights. Great was the cry, the nprour; Rachel weeping for her children was nothing to tne nove of these twenty-four contessiers whose books bad been seized. It reached the Emperor's ears, and sudcenly a placard was affixed on | ‘the piliars of the Bourse to intimate that the police had misinterpreted the:r orders—tbat the books should be re- mtored and the business of the contessiers not interfered with. And what think you was the reasom of all this? Why, simpiy thai the entourage of the Emperor was so | Much identified with these said contessiers, that if any furthér stir bad been made ia the maiter, so many sesreta of de Morny, Fouid anc fiity others would have escaped that great scavds! and somethiog more must have occur. Ted. Such, indeed, is the corruption which is going oa everywhere in high places, the peculation and uodis guised knavery, thatthe Emperor, however much his foul may abhor it, 1s obliged to be a party to it. His Ma- josty probably (hicks that a foreign war, great as may be iw 1i8ks, 8 now Bo verriple @ venture after all when the rottenness of many things at home ia taken into conside- Tation. As if a precursor of the political hurricane impanding in the distance, we have hal a storm of wiad which bas just ewept off ball tue tiles and chimney pots of Paria. It began about ten o'clock, and did not ceage ti!l foar o'clock ‘the next morning Alithe young trees recevtly planted in the avenue de i'Imperatrice and in the Champs Elysee have been blown on one side, aud many of the old ones seriously mutifited. Sentry boxes were overthrown, act pd of a new house in the Boulevards carrie’ off ily. "The imperial family are at Villeneave V’Ftang, near st. ‘Cloud, but the Emperor drives ivto Paris each morning to attend Cabinet councils. Not an hour of tne day passes ‘without conrtart communications with the British Embas- _ Sy, and the telegraph is Kept in perpetual motion betweea Paris and Downing street. You, who from a distance can take a calm survey of all the flutter and fuss weare in, and keep your eye steadily on the point to which all toings are evidently tending, must smile at 80 mach make-be- Neve anxiety, It must be clear to you that France, bav- ‘ing got a very pretty quarrel with Austria, has no iaten- tion whatever of letting it fall to the ground, and that all this commotion before hand and special pleating ie only to mystify the creaulous. Austria proposes that all partica | shall submit to @ reguiar disarmament, and then ail the it papers who were lifting up their and crying “peace,” * peace,” yesterday, are getzed with horror at the poe yp of the En Francis Joseph, and exciaim the Vienna pri are not compatible with the security of Europe and the dignity of France; so that if Austria presumes that the disarmmeat she proposes is to have for consequence the of the statu quo in Italy—if, in a wort, she will disarm only on tbe condition of avoiding and not solving the impending difficulties of the present position, ‘then must the proposal be viewed as the last resource of a ‘bad cause, which wil! not succeed in duping France ‘A rumor prevailed that the Marquis @Az>glio, now on Qn extraordinary mission to London from the Court of Turin, was to replace the Marquia de Villamarina as Pied. montese representative at Paris, but I am aesured there is ‘Rot a word of a truth in it, Asa set-off to the political excitoment of the day, wo have Meyerbeer’s new opera, “ Le Pardon de Ploerme!,”” the story of which is simple enough. The word pardn means i the dialect of Bretagne—wanere the scene is Ind — Fite, bali, or this fite. A rustic pair were to have beea Dut the lover falling im misfortune, it is agreed that the wedding shall be postponed for a unti) tho mext Jite is past. In the meaanme, er having heard of a mysterious epot, in: by © magician, where gold is concealed, ip search of it, and remains away #0 Jong that bis mistress, believing herself abandoned, goss mat. The ‘woere the treasure if buried is believed to be on the Drink of a dreadful abyss, only to be reached by croraing a kind of rude bridge formed of the branch of « ov tree, While the lover and a cowardly assistant he hos picked up, ero besitating, the poor orazy girl, wandering about with her white goat aad its tiukling bell, who has no iden of danger, galiy crosses the totteriog bridge, when the tree, being shattered by lightning, she is plunged (uto a gulf ofreal water. Her lover, of course, rescues bor; She recovers her senses, and the nuptials duty take piace ‘on the morrow, which ts the fite or pardon of Ploormol. Such is the insignificant story out of which Meyerbecr ‘bas composed 4n opera which will hand bis name down (0 posterity as one of the most sublime, dramatic and ex- i i 3 quisite musical geniuses the world has ever seen. The over- tare is itecif a chef d’ceurre, and is an exquisite epitome of the whole opera. There we have a foretasto of each of those passages which afterwards almost carry us away b: their enebaniment, and ai iatrolucel wit such adit Fable orohestration, choice and variety of key and rhythmical treatment, that they joose none their or interest when they recur iu the course of the too, that tinkling bell of the goat, the constant companion of the love lorn girl, is brought io fm & quaint manner indescribably charaing. ‘The limite of a letter io not permit me wo entar (nto de- tails when such worderfal beauties age: one at every turn. It ig an opera in which fresh gota are discovered at every tation. The second, or od the storm fs perhaps the best: at at! events the moonlight forest scene, with ite lovely shatow waltz and tue con wong will have few riva's. : This last, which was interrnoted st © murmurs of delight, was encores ¢ pause with urore, tae Krayeror and the most conspicw usly joing in the thon ders of by which it was followed, The waltz motion ia one of @ar haunting, fairy snatches of , Bertin and Rome Cor- | NEW YORK HRRALD, SATURDAY, meloty that at once charm every hearer, aud apring ip & © 24 ime, gliding back Wo the reprize, and tay CoD- set with the wild de Pou eau en booage, bear the genuine miamp of reat Cerman meesti atorm seene, which forms the fi woeful and dramatio— probabiy, « ar paloting, never yet surpassed, though wo know \ Meadelsecbu aad other great mas rindi 6 Jusied in this way, Here the rolling of the thy vip’ and. the wild elements of the storm are all bronght | | @ finale to the act, is ae a display » for (of the harmonies descriptive of the fury aa ore ee Tho enthusiasm of the sudience was ab toa height rarely witnessed, and tbe sing- f the audionc of the temp: st. | this point raised 10 Monies ore reoalied by & resist he reception ot ‘uoyerbeer, when, in obedience to the unceasing demands of the audience, "he appeared before it, was perfectly overwhelming Tho soldest audience in’ the world was converted into.a very boiling Veauvias. Every basdkerchief waved, gentiemen shouted tili they guid vociferate no longer, aud agaic, when the uproar bad subsided, bis Majesty himself gave now life to it by his emphatic “ bravo !- bravo!’ Quite a tragic scene occurred at the reprosentstion of “ Herculaneum” a few nights siace. Roger was seized with one of those extinctions de voz by no means uncom- mon ib ab age when the straia placed Upoa tue siuger by the fulness of tbe accompaniment aud the ertraordinary piteb of the jc is covsidered, A deprecatory apology was made to fie audience, and Roger appeared, but oot even a note could he articaiate. In vain ho cesayed; nothing but mute gesticulations followed. Some one was barbarous enovgh to utter a low uiss—it was really a solitary one; bus the moment it reached the ear of Roger, who, although rather ‘used up’ in vocal ability, bas long heid a bighly honored plaze in the pubiio estimation, And who is, besides, a most cultivated artine, etung with madness at the unvsual sound, he tore from his head his princely crown, and stamping upon it with his foot, and buryiog his bands in bis face, burst into a Gt of sobbing that cathered the whole corps dramatique around him. The ladies seized bis hands, the manager rushed om the ‘stage to support him, and the whole eudieuce rose as one mas# to express its sympatoy, cryiag,‘ Do aot attempt to sing, but speak the part.” So much sympathy, etch hearty applause, acted apparently like a charm, and after afew minutes the voice of the old favorite revived, and be subsequently went through the part with something of the vigor of his best da; Our Berlin Correspondence. Bsruin, April 13, 1859, dicpe of Peace Declining in Prussa— Meeting of a Con- grea Douttful—Ambrtion and Pride the Causes of the Crisie—Religious Feelings and Reitances of Francis Jneph—The Agitation in Lombardy—Prusia’s Efforts Fora Peaceful Result—New Marriage Act—England’s Proposition for a Disarmment, cc. During the last few days the political horizon has again become Overcast, apd the hopes of a pacific solution are growing fainter and fainter. It was imagined that the Congress proposed by Russia and sanctioned by Prussia andEngiand would at least have afforded usa respite, and that, whatever might be the result of its deliberations, it | would avert the danger of immediate hostilities and give ime for the passions to subside, which are now at fever | heat; but ag yet there is so little prospect of these expec- | tations being reatized, that it is even considered extremely | doubtful whether the Congress will meet at ail, Tho ter- giversations of Austria bave disconcerted all the plans of | the mediating Powors. After signifying her asseat to the | Rogeian proposal, and expressing her williagnees to sub- | mit the Italian question to the arbitration of Europe, she | all at once comes forward with demands s0 ea- | trely vmreasonabie that they can scarcely be re- | garded in any other light than as a pretext for evading @ compromise which she could not open- ] Ay reject. She tosiste, forsooth, on Sardinia disarming, | while she, though her forces in Italy quadruple those of | that litle kingdom, refuses point blank to do se herself, | and even declines the mezzo lermine suggested by Lord | Malmesbury, that the troops of the two Powers siiould re- | tire to a distance of teu leagues from their rospectivo moment into general popularity. The beutiful transition | | frontiers during the sittings of the Congress. Instead of | showing any inclination to listen to these overtures, she keeps despatching batialion after battalion, and regiment | afer regiment, to Lombardy, where by this time about | 200,000 Austrians must be coucentrated, ali ou the war | establishment, and ready to commence operations at a | Moment’s notice. | The fact ia, that {f the present crisis has originated in the restless ambition of Louis Napoicon, it is the prideand obstinacy of Francia Joseph that have aggravated it, and are now hurrying Europe to the brink of a catastropho, The Aurtrian Emperor has no personal animosity against hie French confrére, whose maxims of internal adminis- tretion coincide with his own, and on whom during tho whole course of the Oriental war he lavished the most flattering attentions, congratulating him on his victorics, conferring upon bim his orders of knighthood, and tn- structing the organs of his government to expatiate upon ‘Ube 8ympatby and admiration felt by their master for the illustrious man who adorned the throne of France; but he ig filled with o hatred of Sardinia ao mtenge ag to partake of the natuse of mouomania, The countitutional régime of that country, the religious liberty accorded to ber subjects, the attitude assumed by her tn relation to the Court of Rome, and ber successful endeavors to iden tify ber policy with the cause of Italian independonce— ail conspire to excite the jealousy of ber despotic acigh- bor, which recent ovents have raisad to the highest pitch. It ts well known that the speech of Victor Emmacuel ailud- ing to the “cries of Italy,” to which he could not remain deaf, exasperated the Emperor of Austria to such a degree that he gave orders for bis troops to crots the Ticico and | commence hostilities instanter, aad it was only through | the urgent entreaties of Count Buol, who was aware that | such a step would range all Europe against him, that the headstrong movarch was induced to rescind this order. Since then he has been continually chaflag at the bit im posed upon him, and the diplomatic operations of his ministers, who are willing to make any concessions in their power to avoid a war tbat may be fatal to the sta- bility and integrity of the empire, and in constant danger of being thwarted by some escapade of their youthful sovereign. He is proud of bis numerous and well ap- | pointed army, of the military taleat he imagines himself possessed of, and of the able generals that will take tho field under his command; and he relies, moreover, upon the special protection of the Virgin Mary, of whom he isa zealous devotcegand who ho thinks cannot fall to patro. | nize bim in a Conflict waged agains: the enemics of the | true Church. It has often been asserted that the financia! | condition of Austria renders it impossible for her to com- mence a war; but it should not be forgotten that though the Austriaa empire is bankrupt, the Austrian dynasty are | possessed of the largest private fortunes ia Europe. The Lorraine Bapeburghs bave always been a hard | headed, close fisted race; the first of them who woro the crown of Germany—the husband;of Maria Thersea— was a great merchant, who, during the war of succession, supplied the enegies of bis wife with the ammunition which they used inst ber soldiers. The late Emperor Francis II., who died in 1835, after » reign of forty three years, left his bleesing to his subjects and immense private estates to his family, together with enormous hoards of ready money, the precise amount of | which has never been ascertained, but which are believed to have exceeded a huudred million florins. Part of this treasure bas very likely been expended during the revo. lutiovary convulsions of '44 and '49, whon the existence of the house of Hapsburg was at stake, and ie empti- ness of the public exchequer made it imperative for them to draw upon their private reaources; but there must be etill a large sum remaining; besides which the reveuce of the imperia! domaine is constantly accumulating, ae she expentes of bis Majesty's Court and bouscholf are pro. vided for from the coffers of the State; if, therefore, the | Emperor should determine upon devoting the savings of the past the noceszities of the present, there would be no lack of means for at ‘east the frst campaign, Several mompers of his family, too, are evormon rich—ior example, the old Archduke Maximilian, of Este; the Duke of Modeaa, the ex-Empo- ror Ferdioand—and if they wil club together, as they Lave deen summoned to do, they will easly be able to rae n considerable sum, The King of Napies, Queen Christine of Spain, snd last, but not east, the Pope, may be exprot- ed to contribute, and it 1s even thought the clergy will as Bent to grant a subsidy; but as those holy men are geno rally more liberal of their prayers than of their peace, the Austrian Snanciers will do weil not 10 be too sanguine oa that ‘head. What vast wealth the Ausirian clergy are porsesséd of was shown quite intely by their spending $200,000 at Rome to procure toe caaouization of a Boue- Wian mouk, who bad signalized bimse'f by his perseou tion of the Protestants during tbe thirty years war, If the Emperor of Austria were not under the dominion of paseion, the icteraa! condition of his empire would have more effect in incliaing him to p eels than even the financial difficultic would involve him im, The Austrian press is dum) ip respect to everytoing connected with the alate of public Opinion ip the country, or if anything ia #aid, it 1s only to extol tbo loyal euthusinam with which the whole popula {ion are shimated, and their romtiness to sacrifice life And property in defence of their adored aoverciga. By wil lean bear, however, from private sources, these flat- tering degoriptions should be taken tn a Pickwickian #9080, and if the real truth wore told {) would presenta very different picture, That the utmost agitation prevails | throughout Lombarcy is not denied even by the official | papers, though they attribute it exclusively to the in- rigues of Piedmont; but, if rumor is to be trusted, still | more threatening symptoms are observed in Hungary, | and collisions uave already ooourred between the soidiery quartered there and the inhabitants, ia which there have been killed and wounded on both sides, According to the traditional policy of the Avstrian government, nevor to giey their provinces with troops of the same nationall. yy, the regiments stationed in Hungary are mostly com. posed of Italians, while [iwiy is occupied by Mun. | ond Croats: but ft is @ queation how ‘ar «this «system «will answer in tie proseat age, when liberal ideas have become more wide | 4, cisooet and nationa differing most (a ervet and | Wibguage begin t comprebend that their owa woifare is bound wp with thatof their neighbors In Vieuna \tsolf | great discoutent is #atd to exist; the secret socivtios thay wore put down after the revolution hava regimed tisir activity, apd it is whispered that a couspiracy hes been discovered against the life of the Emperor, the tnsugstors of which bave hitherto escaped the scent of the e This acoounte for the concentration of a corys of i men near Vienna, which Is perhaps inteaded ag math to = the oaptal es to forma reserve fur the army of , continues to exort all her Influsnce in tha cana ej and if the smothered embers of discord nave not yet out into ee open flame, it is law great mea. Fure owing to her intervention, { have beeu (uformet oa £000 authority Chat on Saturday last the Emperor o” Aus is bad actually pgred a declaration of war agalost Piet mont, but that he was prevailed unou by the pressing remonstrances of the Prussian ambassador to couutermand {ts publication in the official Vienna Gass he ‘erders to exter into personal communication wit Prince Regent, and to tuduce the latter to conclude fonsive alliance with Austela, aud to promise her tue sup- ort of & Prussian army in case she should be atiacked by rance and Sarduani ifthe Archduke atl Getermined to per aware that a Ly only encourage that potentate to refuse the couces+ivas recommended by the other Powers, and thus precipitate ‘@ conflict wbicu she bag all along been s0 anxious to pre- veut. If, in spite of her endeavors, war should faally break out, the Prussian army will be mobilised and a corpe of observation stati on tho Rhine; but it will depeud upon ulterior circumstances, which itis impossible to foresee at the present moment, wheiher goverpmeat will take an active sbare in the tray—vpon the couduct of Russia, for inetance— concerning which the most conflicting reports are in circulation. According to some, the Ozar has come to an understanding with Austria, who abandons the Fast to him on condition of bis interfering ia the Italian im- brogiio; according to otbers, the Muscovite Prime Min's- ter, Gortacbakoff, informed the Prussian Cabjuct that bo wij! observe w strict neutrality, provided this country en- gages to do the same; but that if Prussia allies hersef’ with Avstria, Russia will throw her whole weight into the scale upon the side of France. At all events, it is certain that Rueata is still anxious for the Congress to take place which she had the credit of ting; and as Kagland and Prosem agree with her in respect, there 18 @ chance that tf Austria should persist in refustag to send ber pleuipotentiaxies it will meet without them, and tuen summon her W accept its decision or to abide the conse- uences. : Oo Mendes the two first and most important clauses of tbe Civi! Marriage act passed in the ber of Depu- ties, after an animated discussion, with a majority of 199 to 110, and yerterday remain: para. grapbs were agreed to without a division, [t will bow have to go up to the FirstChamber, where there is a strenuous opposition against it, and apprehensions are ea- tertained that it will either be thrown out altogether or 80 traustormed and mutilated that its own pareats will not recognize it, As for the Land Tax Equalization act, it will bardly come on in the House of Lords this session, but bave to be postponed til! next. A despatch from London informs us that Engiaad, ivde- fatigabie in ber endeavors toavert the impending catas- trophe, ond willing to meet the objection of the Cabinet of Vienpa—that negotiations would only give their adver- saris time to complete their preparatious—has proposed @ geperal disarmment as a preliminary to the openin, of the Congress, and has obtained the consent both of! France and Austria, Tbis inteliigence has produced quite & favorable impression on ’Cbauge, where there hi been complete panic for the isst day or two; but it does not materially alter the sitvation; for although Louis Napoleon may pro- mise to disarm, it is impossible to place auy reliance on bis professions; sad as regards Austria, the withdrawal of ber troope from Lombardy would be the signal for a general insurrection. Each will watt for the other to but neither will like to set the example. Perhaps, ver, the disarmment will be taken for gravter (there are diplomatic #8 well as lege’ ©ot1ons), 60 that the Congress may be able to assemble, and the mediating Powers have ap opportunity of making a last desperate eflort to preserve the peace of Kurops, The attempt is most commendable, but it will be little short of a miracie if it succeeds, Fashionable and Artistic Life in Kialy, OU CITY OF ROMA CORRESPONDENCE. Rom, Feb. 25, 1859. Hon, Minister Stockton and Lady ar Leaders of the Fash- ton—Mrs, Stockton’s Receptions—American Ladies, Ma- trons and Belles—The American Female Artists—Their Life and Popularity—Foreign Churches, Catholic and Protestant, ho. Ournew Ambassador's lady, Mrs. Stockton, is doing the honors of the American Legation with great skill and aplomb, seoking in every way, as she does, to contribute to the happiness of ber country men, Being the only Aa- glo-Saxon dip!omatic lady here at present, the English visiters seek the hospitality of her salons, and are there brought into contact moro frequently and under more fa- vorable circumstances wita their ‘American cousins” than can be the casein any other of our present forcign lega- tions, Mr. Stockton bears his dignities and cares like a galant homme, and is a worthy scion of the race of Com- modores. Among a host of Americans, Miss K. Riggs, of New York, is here, ruauing away with the hearts of allnations by her exquisite singing and genial manners, Miss Riggs ig the belle par excel a(oong Americans. Mr. Harry Stone Keeps open bouse, and isan honor to ‘any country for bis gentiemanly courtesy and generous hospitaiity to all, rich and poor, old and young. ls, sovrées and parties are the order of the day now; those of our gifted countrywomen, Mise Cushman, Miss Stebbins and Miss Hosmer, being among the mos? bril- Vant and most evught. To sec these indies receiving their friends in the most beautiful of salons, fliled with grand Antique carved furniture and the richest description of &o., and bey ey, with tha cient Or Again Coursing the Campagna, mounted oa their splendid Evgiish horses, every morning, exciting the envy and admiration of all beholders, are sights that may Wei! Bake am Americea feel prowd of hia country women, whose genius and energy have wrought out for them a Position so delightrul There are more Americans here this winter than ever 2. ‘The Catholics among them are thinking of building a church for themselves within the walls. The Protestants, you kaow, with the exception of a few who attend tue Chapel of the Legation, are compolled, as beatheus or ho- retics, to worship outetde the walls of the city. ‘The Eog- lish have a nice chapel outside the Porta del Popolo, which is crowded to such excess that it is impossible to get aseat unieas you go half an hour before the com mencement of service. Can wepotaiso have an Ameri- cau chapel? Ii might be established like the Bugis one; that is, a small fund for the support of a resident preasa- er, with perquisites from the paymeat of geata by each visiter to the church. Why not? or “if not, why not?’’ Rome, Italy, April 3, 1859. Rome as Mistress cf the World—Carnival Files—Etght Hundred Americans Prevet—Reyal and Diplomatic Balu—Mrs. General Scott and General and Mrs. Pierce— Popularity of Miss Hosmer—Juvenile Art and Song, fc. ‘The dust is old epon my sandal shoon, and still lama pilgrim for the second tims. I have gazed upoa imperial Rome, aad realized her claim as Mistreas of the World, Greece bas charmed me with its fair scenes; Egypt awed me with iw reiics of the past; but Italy is more rich'y Cowered with loveliness than tho former, and the ruins of Rome speak of him who made old Egypt tributary. The past winter in Rome has been ons of unusual gaiety Owicg to the intercession of the French AmDassa- dor mass were allowed in Rome during the eight days of the “‘Carnival.”’ There were about eight hundred Ame- ricaus in Rome, who appeared to enter into ite amusing Scenes as if they wore the usual programme of their daily life. It is # noticeable fact, no matter where you encounter Americans, they appear to be perfectly seif- possessed, and ride a came! or mule with as much plea Sure as if it was their favorite mode of locomotion. Queea Christina gave a fancy bali on the Sunday even- ing preceding Ash Wednesday; whether it was owing to religious scruples or the non feceipt of invitatioas—few Americans wore present, indeed, the American Consul Was the only one whose name I caa at present recall. The French and Austriag Ambassadors gave entertain Mmente—the furmer on the a before the Queen, the lat er the evening following. Owing to the state of affairs DOW existing, the representatives of France and Austris, With their satellites, could not exchange civilitios. The American Minister, with the boat intentions, issued Cards tor a dance @ few weeks ago. Much to bis disgust, on thee yening of tae ball, the poiice prohibited waltsing— owing to the insecurity of the floors of his edifice. I eve that since last fall's) panic foroigners think we have inparte i an instability w everything we touch, Dra, Gen, Scojtand daughter are genorally to be met at ail the receptions—they are very popular. General Pierce haa been bere for several woeks, much to bin own eatisiaction, and with great benefit t the bealth of bis amiable lady The Pe ”' of Boston, who are here with a large party, are often to be seen, but always surrounded by rep- rerenta: from the “ modern Athevs,’’ are a Justiy proud of Miss Hosmer, woo promises to fulfill all the anticipations of her frieuds. One almoat becomes aa urtiet in Rome, for things teach with « double force, and the galleries are thrown open dally to the public. There appears to be an intuitive perception of the beautifal born {n this nation, for the children of the Romagna form pic- from the f lowers, the while warbiipg arias from an oper would take our belles months of bard practice + a. ‘The French ‘in Romo, The Congress is in 0 uncertain stat ther wheu noxt t write war with Jesolaung this sunny laud or not, 00 ita terrors will one knows. THE FINAN@AL CONDITION OF EUROPE, The New Russtan Loan=The New India LosneFinanciat Embarrassment of Aur Uta, &., & THE FINANCIAL EMBARRASSMENT OF AUSTRIA. (Trapsiated from the Courier Franco Iuatien of April 14, __,._ for the New Your Heratp.} Tho Parisian press bas lately spoken much of the po- Cunlary embarragsment of Austria, and eeemed astonish- ed to learn the fimancial disorders caused in that empire by the great expenses consecrated to military armaments. Their astonishment would have been far groater if they bad examined the history of the Austrian faances; they Wou'd have found out that these disorders are invelerate, and have become the normal state of that administration; they would have seen that the work of Mr. Tegoborskt which has been qualified as marvellous—has not succeed- ed in throwing any light on that organiation. At the end of 1856 the ordinary and extraordinary re- colpte of the empire were, according to the Ofictat Gaxette of Milan (No. 119, May 19), 186 tt france. 710,221,917 The expenses amounted to 872,941,401 soroose 1 Ele nope ie reauits of the bur 1866, which had ieft a defloit of 861,138,262 francs. ‘ Since Joseph Tl, it is an ordinary’ condition for Auttria to have ae cnormous deficit; in adding up the defisite of the budgets from 1848 to 1866, one arrives atthe enor- Mone amount of nearly toro thourand millions of france, The service of the public debt alone hag increased to « Moaawhtla, | sent his cousin, Arebduke Albert, to Boriia, eo | A the | APRIL 30, 1859.—TRIPLE SHERT. : about six miilions a year. This gives us am idea of her em- barrasemenis even at an epoch whew Ausiria was Dot forced @ pus berseif on 4 war footing It seems bow a positive fact thatthe governme it, owing to the fai ure of the loan negotiated oy the Messrs. Bothy child, has been obliged & arbitrarily setse the metallic re serve deposed in the Bank of Vienna: Tt 1s, besides, af firmed ihat the Secretary of Fiaaaces, being unable to favo. ihe wants of the treasury, proposes to have reooares to & forced loap. One knows’ that this system 16 pot tried in ‘Austria, where one bas to obtaia by force what ia other countries—and, among others, ia Frauce—is generously Offered by patrons The public debt Austria was last year, accordiag to the Almanich de Gutha, $,241,676,376 franca Neither those Sgures por the expenses now mate by the Cabinet of Vienna xre certainly not suuk a& to promote the cont dence of the bankers. In fuct, tho greatest bankers of the empire, Messrs. de Rotbechiid aod Grontetiore among oth- ers,are now grea'ly at variance (engrande délicate:se) with the government, principally om accouat of new an noyances to the Jews. We will only state to day that the financial condition of the Lombardo-Venitian kingdom is ruixous, and far from tranquilizing the creditors of the State. Wo do not waut any other example thereof than the land tax, Since 1816 the provinces of Lombardy and Venitia bave paid into the treasury of the State a yearly amoun’ of 60,507,989 pounds, that is to say 40 per cent of their taxed income; the loans of 1843 aud 1854 (220 millions) have encumbered that same incom) with two thir '@ leave aside the provincial and com. mercial taxes, which are very onerous. To those two provinces the land tax represents, then, 23 por cent more than all the other Austrian provinces; it exceeds by 13 francs 19 per cent the land tax of France. As if those charges had not been suflicient, a decree of Montecvecoli inerensed in 10 the Ii a d tax oe 50 per cent. * * ‘The Coristitutionnel asserte that since 1815, the Lom- bardo-Venetian kingdom bas yearly sent to Vienna about 40 milliovs. The book, ‘L’Autriche en Lombardie,” published in 1849 by an employs of the public debt’s administrator, estimates the amount as nearly double, If, therefore, Austria has in a few months expended her regular income, the metallic reserve of the Bank of Vien- pa, the fry millions furnished by the Duke of Modena, aud tbe proceeds of the loan atiempted in Loation, one can patureliy perceive that she has the only alternative, eitber to force her eubjects—and a1 others the Lom- bardo Venetians, alroady 50 impoverished—to furnish ber with funda, or to declare herseif in a state of bankruptcy. THE INDIAN LOAN OF THIRTY-FIVE MILLIONS OF DOLLARS. {From the London News (City Article) ap*ii 12.) Late this eveping—some hours after the close of the Stock Exchange—the offictal notification of the Indian Loan was made, in the annexed form:— Inpta Orrice, April 11, 1859. The Pecretary of State for India, in Connell gives notice that he will be prepared, st or bef re 12 o'clock, on Tuesday, the 19th inst, to receive tenders for a loan of £7, Fr esven ears, OD secustt: of debentures (transterable elther by the de fvery of the debentures Dongle of by deed,) to be tesued under the provisions of the act 2d Victoria. cap. 11, auch de- bentures te be of the respestive amounts of £1,000 an bear interest at the rate of four per o@nt per annum, arable by coupons attached. half yearly, at the treasury at Ris Cimee, on the ith July and the ih Jahuary in euch year, Holders ot the debentures will bave the option of clamia eyment at pur ab the expiration of dre years, from the july next. on giving ove year’s previous notice, ‘The tenders to be for sums of not lees than 600! , and to state how much will be given for every 1002. of the said loan. ‘The t’ nuere are to be delivered in sealed, at the treasury at this ofiice, and to specify the debentures ‘required, whether tranefereblo by delivery or by ) aad proportions of each denomination of debectures, ‘A deposit of 2 percent upon the amount tenderod must at the same time be paid, to ba returned in the event of the tender not being a:cepted, and parties tendering mut be careful not to enclose the deposit in the sealed tender, ‘So much of the amount tendered to be pald to the Secretary of Btate for India in Counoil, on the 8d May, 1859, as will eave 50 per cent of ihe capital to be p under, viz!— 28 per cent on the 14th June, 1859, 25 per cent on the 19th July, from which dates the interest of 4 per ces per anaum unon the respective instalments wit! be calculated ; but partier who a0 ceafre may pay up ia full,fand will be aliowed « disoouat at the rate of Sper cent. peranmnum upon the auilclpated pay ments. ‘In cases of equality of tenders beyond the amount required, they wil! be subject to a pro rata diminution. Scrip recerp's will be given tothe parties entitied, to be de- livered up in exchange for th ‘No tender wiil be received day of April, nor upless upou ® printed form, which-mx: obiained at the ¢ccountant-General's department of this o or of Mr. Henry Scott, 16 Yhrogmorten strect. ‘This loan i# annowaced at an inopportune moment, but its absorption is only a question of price. The poiat waich will immediately strike attention, as likely to bare cousi- derable effect upon the money market, {8 the oxtraordi- nary rapidity with which the amouat is to be paid up, Nearly £3,500,000 sterlin, ust be paid three weeks herce—viz., by the 3d of May; and in about three months from the present cate the entire loan ia to be liquidated, This is at the rate of about £2,300,000 per month. The loan of £5,000,000, anuounced in March, 1868, was spread over five months, being st the rate of only £1,000,060 per month, and the payments on the second “Joan of £8,679,000 announced ia August last, were spread over three months. [t may be useful to re- mind our readers that in @acht inatauce the aver- age [price obtained by the Kast India Company ‘was between 973, and 98 per cent, the company's re- served price being fixed at 97. Those debentures, how. ever, were for five years only, instead of seven, as now, ‘and the amount offered was smailer, The preacct loan ot £7,000,000 may very, shortly be followed by a supple. mental one of £5,000/000. It will be remarked as a new feature, that the debentures now offered are to be ‘‘trans- ferable by delivery or by desd,” at the option of sub- scribers. An increated desire ts showa by the authoritics to consult the convenience of small capitalists. Thus, in the loan of March, 1858, no tenders were received tor less than £5,000; in August ‘the limit was lowered to £1,000, and upon the present occasion the Secretary of State for Ina in Counen, wn! recetve suuscr:ptivas as low as £500, This arrangement is well judged. THE RUSSIAN LOAN OF SIXTY MILLIONA OF. nor LAKS IN LONDUN—INFLUENCE OF THE CZAR IN THE WAR CRISIS. {From the Loudon Nows, (City Articie) April 8.1 Bome authentic particulars respecting the coming Rus- sian loan have at length transpired. The. amount is £12,000,000 stock, in three percent bonds. Ths issue Price is 69 per cent, but is practically reducod to 68, the delay in tho payments whtlat the full divided is accruing being equivalent to% per cent. The loan will represent iu cash eigbt avd a quarter millions sterling. Iadepend ently of subecriptions from the cumerous minor markets, lists will be opened by Messrs. Thomson, Bonar & Co. (the agents for the loan) in London and St. Peterburg, by the house of Magnus, of Berlia, ae wal! as in Amster. dam, Bawburg and Paris. The roportion re. served for tbe Lendon market will not exceed £8,000,000 or £4,000,009 of stock; and as even the latter sum will involye a cash withdrawal of only 2% millions et 1g, tt is ecarcely probable that any important effect will be prdtaced id the movey market. The subscriptious already proferred from various quarters, Principally from the coutinect, amount t» vewweeu £7,000,000 and £8,000,000 of stock, 80 that the success of the operation would appear to be ulready assured. The pew Society of Commercial and Industrial Credit, the shares of which bave been cagorly taken up in Paris, has, it is understood, just obtaited from the French govern: ment the authorization required by its statutes detore it can embark in « foreign undertaking; and we have reason to believe that arrangements are in progress with a view to the fay aoe through that society of £2,000,000 of the stock destined for the Freach market. Tae ‘official announcement of the loan is exoccted to take place im- mediately, 8 the pryment of the Orst instalment of 16 per cent is Axed for the 8th of May. The insta'ments will be spread over a period of eight mouths (from the pre- sont date), the fio... oue falling due on the 20ta of Decem- r, The contract contains one very rewurkable clause, viz., that in the event of war, or of the existing Russiaa securities being depreciated to the extent of six per cent, the subscribers to tho new joan shail be absolutely re- lieved from the obligation of makiog further paymects; and, by way of facilitating the carrying ont of this ar- rangement, bonds or inscriptions representing a propor. tuonate gum, will be delivered as cacao instaimeat is liqui- 1° int ¢ debeniures when prepared. 12 oFclock on the eald 19th e ce, dated. Many persons will infer from this exceptional clavee that the Russian government apprebends war, whilst keener observers will argue that, in such ease the government would bave sieadfastly resisted the insertion of a stipulation which mignt redouod to their pecuniary Gisadvantage. However this may be, the arrangemeat beapeaks @ spirit of canior and fair dealing on the part of the government, and is emi- nently protective of the interests of the subscribers, Con- sidered in relation to the present «price, viz: par, of the existing Russian four at balf per cent loan, Per Cent stock at 68 woul: it appear to present superior acvantages. The advautage rests with the operatien of the sinking fand, which, in tbe ease of the new ioaa, is fixed at 13¢ per cent per annum. Tho investment of fund will be an important point in favor of the new stock, whereas the’ liability ef the exieting four-and a half per cent bonds to be drawn at par effectually prevents their attaining any important premium. ‘@ will merely add that the Rassian government an- that the proceeds of the loan are wo be applied to replacing the currency and Qnances upon a rounder foot- ing. With thie object, ag already anuounced, an imperial ukaee, juat issued at St. Petersburg, provides for a fund- tpg inw afour per cent stock of « portion of the oulstand ations of Yhe Stave. Further explanations of this ation, which is very different trom @ new loan, will ly come forward. FAILURE OF THR AUSTRIAN ROTHSCHILDS’ LOAN AND ITS CONSEQUENCES. (From a Vienna letter ia the Paris Constitutionael.] The non success of the loan negotiated by Menare. Rothschild has, it appears, obliged the Austrian government to seize arlatrarily the metaliic reserve deposited im the Bank of Vierma. This reserve, which was tmportant, is said to have been elready absorbed by the expense of warlike preparations, ag bave also the fret cals paid at London by the rare subscribers to the loan. It is allegedjaiso that the War Department has long since come to the end of the money lent by the Duke of Modeos. The want of money under which the government labore is not aolely caused by the expenses incurred for the aagmentatioa of tno army, but arises also from a sensible diminution in the cuetms duties in the Austrian porte, as already stated, * * * * . * The wants of the army increasing every day, and tho Feaources of the government diminshiog, people akk them- selves with disquietuce in al! parta of the empire how the government can provide for the Anancial diMouitios with ‘which it is surrounded, It has been rumored that a forced Joan ia to be impored, and already several families, from aread ay, such a venations measture, have 7 the Vargest part of their fortune, and ont it abroad. MR, COBDEN FOR PARLIAMENT. Speech of Mr. Bright on Mr. Cobden for Rochilaie. A meeting wan beld in the Public Hall, Rochdale, on the evening of the 13th inst,, of the friends and supporters of Mr. Richard Cobden, as a candidate for the representation of that borough. Mr. Cobaen being at present in the United States, it wae monounced that Mr. Bright, M. P., would addroes the meeting on bis behalf. The hall was — the proceedings were eathasiasucnily cou- ucted. Mr. G. Ashworth was called to the chair; and @mongat thoee upon ike platform were Mr. Bright, M P.; A. Siow art, Faq, Mayor; Mesars. Jacob Bright William Fontoa, H. Kelsall, G: Kemp, Joseph Souotoid, T. Chadwick aud Jota Petri early ail the membors of the Towa Joundil, and & num other influentiat Liberals, Mr. H. Kmanit tavvod ® resolution declaring Mr, Cob- den to be 4 Mt and proper “to ronrogent the bo rovgh, sind pledging the meeting te “use every legitimate meus to secure his returt at the poxt election.” He ba~ lieved that they could not possibly bave « better cand! date—(applanae)—for Me, Cobdea was a thoroughly tried Man, sud bis opinions were In accordance wish thove Of the liberals aud » large peoport on of tha inhabitants gene rally, They must not suppor, however, that the excel lence of their candidate alone would win the battle; for ‘Ubeir Oppowrnts were capital tacticians, as thoy showet at the Inst election: The regoiution spoke of ‘legums'e meenr,'’ and by those only they wished to tri- umph—sltnovgh they knew ‘thet there were others vaed at elections. (Laughter) Me. Cobden wea ready w sit if elected; and if they set beartily to work tacy would return bim triumphantly, fopeue.) Mr. Witt1aM Futon seconded the motion, He read & letter from hie father (Mr. John Fenton, formerly member for the boro bs expressing bis eutire approval of Mr. Cobdon’s candidature, and offering £5¢ towards the expenees, if peceesary. 1 conservatives of tne) bo- rough had extensively circulatet that evening a statemoat that Mr, Cobden would pot ait if elected ; but he (Mr. W. Fenton) eaw Mr, Cobden on the eve of his sailing for the United’ States, and ate bev! bed ant | his seat if elected, (Applause. g rman Livesey, in support- ing the sh sald ho bad been working hard all day cabyaesing amongst those who at the last election votad against, and thoee who did not vote for, the liberal caa- didate, and he had uot had a single refusal. (a 80. ) It was due to Mr, Bright that in bis contest wil e aris- tocracy they should give him a companion; and before long Ricbard Cobden would be fighting side by side with John Brigtt, in and out of Parliament, as he bad done be- fore. Tbe triumph of Mr. Cobden was certain, come whom the election would, (Loud cheers ) Mr. Bric was reccived with several rounds of cheor- ing. He eatd that as Mr. Cobden was uafortunately not now in this conntry, as he certainly would have been if he had imagined that a general election was so near, he (Mr. Bright) had been requested to say something, as it were, on his behalf,and to add something more in the way of support to the resolution. It had been generally admitted by histortans that the character of a nation might be judged of by reviewing its history, by watching its career to the past. Ho thought it was just as rea- sonable to believe that the chsracter of a man might be clearly aotermined by reviewing his past career; and it was on this basis that he (Mr. Bright) would venture to ask his townsmen to support the reeoiution, and to place Mr. Cobden, a fortnight hence, in the honorable position of their Parliamentary representative, (Applause.) Bear in mind that Mr. Cob was essentially one of themscives. It was likely that his ancestors were settled in au English cousty before the Norman conquest; but he made no boast that he “came oger with the Norman Conqueror.’’ CAsplaiee The honorable member proceeded concisely to sketch Mr. Cobden’s his- tory, personal and political, from the time when he left the paternal farm iu Sussex for a Londo warehouse, asa servant. Refereuce was made to his services in connection with the obtaining of the charter of incorporation for Man- chester ; his efforts to promote eaucation, néarly tweaty- five years ago; his connection with the Aati-corn law League; and bis fret entry into Parliament, in 1841. Oa the night woen Mr. Cobden spoke for the first time in the House, he (Mr. Bright) sat in the gallery, close to Mr. Horace Twiss, the then ‘summary writer’ of the debates for the Jimes. Mr. Twiss was a Tory of the old school, He appeured to bave the greatest possible horror of anybocy who was @ manufacturer or a calico printer coming ipto that assembly to teach our Senators wisdom. When Mr. Cobden sat down Mr, Horace Twiss threw off the matter with a careless gesture, and an exclamation of “Nothing in him—(laughter)—he’s only a ‘barker,’”’ Mr. Horace Twiss thought no harm was to be done to the establiehed interests maialy represented 1a that House, by the eloquence and the arguments of the then member for Stockport. But it was uot very loug before Mr. Cobden found bimeeif with just as much in- fluence in that House as he possesse’ at public meetings. (Applavee.) The same beautiful logic—the same parsuasive tongue—the same bomely but irresistible flinstration—tho same evident love of truth—sreated exactly the samo effect amongat dispassionate and honest mea in that House tbat bad beom created by the game inetromonts at the more general meetings of bis countrymen. Referriv; to Mr. Cobden’s visit to the Continent, after the repeal of the corn laws in 1846, Mr. Bright said that Mr. Cobden wus every where the apoatle and missionary of the great principles of free trate, But ho did not donfine him- self abroad to that one question. His observant eye dis- covered the most rotteu, the sorest parte now existing in all the European governments, He observed that Europe Was going On to @ political perdition in that extreordinary madness which had brought about armaments more ex. tensive, more costly, and more amazing than had ever exieted in any age of the world before. He saw that those armaments drained the people; and that, procoed- ing as they were, they must necessarily reader peace in Europe absolutely impossible, He came back aud stated this to the people of England; be pointed out that we wers running into the id haspeares letaplnd he gradually and rapidly increasing our expenditure for ar- Samente, whiob be believed to be unnecessary, and that we must at some time or other retrace our steps, or our course could lead to nothing but evil, and perhaps to national convulsion. Cees The meeting would recol- ject bow much what Mir. Cobden then said was ridiculed by those knowing scribes who kuew everything that was past, bat who seemed not to be abie to judge rightiy of anything that was to come. Canes ) What was the atate of things at this moment? Why, that ia Engiand our military expenres bad doubled since 1835 and 1886. We had uot an acreof land more to d; there was poihing on earth that could be demonstrated as a cause why we ebould bave gone oa doubling our military expenses {rom eleven millions to twenty two millions, It might be said that this was what had been done by France and other countries; and so fur as tast wasa rea- ‘BOD, it was one that taight be urged. But what blr. Cob- den wanted was that the people aud the government of this country should take about @ thousandth part as much pains to influence the governments of Europe to a wiser course, as they took every year to influence them about some miserable questions that hai no sort of concern whatsoover for the people of England. oe) But no such attempt was ever made. ‘hipa built across the ehaanel were held as justifications for building ships bere, and the reverse; and so we oad gone on in the game of “Beggar my peighbor,” uatil the ‘Tames news| r—and be supposed all tne smaller uews- papers which had no opinions of their own, but took them xt fivepence a day from the columns of the Times—had come to the conclusion that peace in Europe was abso- lntely impossible when you bad four millions of mea armed. Stppore we walked about the streets armed with sevolvers attull cock, did any oae believe that there would not be murders and mansiaughiters every day ? That was precisely the present co: of Ecrope. Three oe of men in the prime of life, drawn from manu cturce and sgriculture, dreseed up im fautastic babii cen's, armed with costly weapons, fed at tha cost cf the people who were toiling ting over the plains aud the vaileys of Europe! t hal gone on vntil those vast forces were Slauding looking in cach other's faces, with only a narrow stream between ihem; avd people were fearivg that every flasn along the clectric wires might tell them that the storm had burst, aud that the Guest plains of Italy would be deluged with the blood of its people, (Appiauae.) Mr. Cobden had conetantly assisted Mr. Gibson 'u bis efforts to promote the ess; and the result was almost iacaicu = 0 30,000 or 86,000 copies a week printed in Manchester; at this moment there were probably 350,000 « week published. (Applause.) Iuatead of only those to hor 6d. was as nothing readiag a newspaper, mon co1!d tone just as good—a great deal more interesting—lor a. Tt Was the samo in Liverpoo), Glasgow, Rdinburg, Birmingham, Loudon and Bristol, avd you found every: where that these cheap newspapers were as well written end argued, conducted with ag much regard to trath and to mor as the highest priced papers bad evor beon, (appiause), which was exactiy thé reverse of what everybody’ who was opposed to the abolition of the stamp said would be the fact. He doubted if there was, except the Sunday schools, any educatiooal instrament toat could be compared with the oue we had got in the press Bince the abolition of the stamp. (Applause.) ‘Toere was Lo partof the reform programme which Mr, Cobeen bad 60 uniformiy,and with so mich 20al aad force, defended and maintained, es the proposition that the evectors ougbt to have the shalter of the hailot. That, question was now very well uaderstood. Lord John Rus £eb's ppeech on the previous cveaing shower toat he had @ glimmering of the truth. (Laughter) [n his lordsbip’s ioind there Was just epened that sort of chink waich a while ago wae found to be opened inthe miai of Sir James Grabam. Not that bis lordsbip hat abso- lately turned round upon the question; for it was as- fonishing sometimes what a space it required for A tatesman w turn in—(applause)—but oe had evidently come to the conc.usion that the ballot was a question upon which the liberal party—four fiftas of the whole population—bad get its mind; aud bis iordship knew perfectly well that the question was just approach. jog that period at which, if statesmaea did aot couseat wo adopt it, the public nocessities would brush them out of its path, (Applause.) He (Mr. Lge] would be sorey to see the question carried ia the face of aod in opprsitian to a man like Lord Joho Russell, to whom the Reform act owed eo much, Ho brought that quostion buforo tho House year after year, when scarcely a petition for it was preeeoted or @ public mecting held im ite favor. His lordehip must have hud, then, ashe (Me. Bright) believed he had pow, a real and sincere mpathy for the question Gf Pariiameutary reform. His lordship was vot born in Rochdale, (Hear, hear.) He was bora in a ducal patace—he had beea surreunded from his in- fancy by associations which made it all but impossible for “@ ‘man to view these queations as wo viewed them; and, therefore, every pereou of fair aad cat mind would make allowance fora roan iu Lord Joha’s position—trammetied by associavions, distrusted by powerful persona if he stepped an tach too far—if he did pot march at quite the speed that mighs be wisa- ed, (Hear, hear.) We sbould have the ballot—there was to manner of doubt about that. (Applause ) Ho would uot prophesy that th that mau woald bo thew returned, for he had over vated tae balios wita (hat Ave view; buthe did believe that with the ballot, the maa who reprosented the opinions, the sympatnies, and tho real wants of the constitueacy to which he appealed, ‘would be fouhd w be at the head of the poll. (Applause. ) It waa about twenty-five years ago since Mr. Covdea visit ed the United States, ia which be felt, as overs soasibie man must feel, the warmest and the liveliest interest. It was the country to which men looked whose oyes were in the frout ani not in tho back of their heads, (Laughter.) Tho civilization of the world had seemed to travel for ages from east to west, Now it was sweeping over that vast continent anc peopliag it with an inteldgent and energetic people. There were persons in this country jealous of the United States, If anything was mentioned in connection with that country politicaily, they immediately to feel uncomfortavle sensations, (Laughter.) But without any comparixon of institutions as between ours and theirs, or theirs aod thowe of any other couutry, he should ray that surely, when you seo a nation of twenty-eight millions of porsous ondeavoring to ern themselves on principles very diferent from (hose at had been practised in the old States of Wuropo, at least, every friend of human kind must wish that that great exporfment should prosper, und that that great re- public shou'd last forevor. (Appiause.) Mr, Covden tad prope Invested in America, atid tie bad gone there in tf in his own bebalf, and that of others who were concerted with the he intended to ro- turn about the end of May; therefore, ho would probably be in time to vote if there should be & contest— which there would most likely not be, 89 exoullenuy did the present Speaker suit the House—ty vole oo the tion of Speater. The honorable mambor concluded y forcibly urging the ection of Mr Oobion. Thore could bo ad eNspicion that Mr. Cobden over did or ever would outer Parliament with porsamal views, (Appiauas.) The man who, im bir. Cobdew’s poation ia 1843, dink i desirable to take au offored soat ia tae Cad) Shen about to bo formed by Lord John Rusaeit, relied vpen—whatever might bo Bis pulilical i the future w make himyelt liable to @ charge of having deeerted those who bad confided in,bim, or of hat betrayed the principles upon which bia previous life Bi heen guided. (Loud cheers.) Let the electors ef Book." oule return Mr. Cobden wo Parliament; and they would hus adopt s course which, whiie it conferred honor nthe bim, would give to them a strong and lasting claim ow gratitude of the county. (Loud cheers. , aud “ Three Ee ‘The resolution was cheers for Cobdea”’ were given, * Mr, Bricnt subsequently seconded a vote of thanks te the chairman. In doing #0, he referred to the letter read from Mr. Joba Fenton, oe. Bright) had never gaid that he would vote john Russell’s bill, for the tolerably goodjreason bad never geen it. When Lord John his bid, be (Ar. Bright): woclt, 50, SOaReey Mads. 8 feeling use it WAS y 4 rather the contrar, : Tat the coum ler weld take would ‘de that which in his conscience he at likely to pro- mote the largest aud best measure aid ‘ot like it te be for a moment understood that he bad abandoned hia own Dill, and substituted for it that of Lord Jobu or anybody else. ' He believed that Lord Joha’a bill, come when it might, would be very much better if stitueucies did their duty, than it would be if they did eee reformers were sent to Parliament or not The javosedinge soon afterwards terminated. Military and Naval Strength of Austria, 1850, {From the Moniteur de Fiotte, Fee. 14. sho goaerel ee of the Austrian army comprises four Primoe Windisobgratz, Count Ni meal ‘Gouse | , an 18 eavalr: Generals. aad : Wrassiat { Ae Feld. 112 Lieu@nant Field rabals, 130 Major Generals, aad er The Austriam army om active service com 18 OL — H Infantry. Lie Bing ewe regimenta of tbe line... 4t6 436 068 Fourteen frontier regimenta, 40,000 6, Oue chassour regiment and twenty- Palhmnpeieve spiny ina 20,268 32,908 ‘ou com mon. ssececeseverseersesens 9/728 3,470 Fue came regiments, it dragoon ditta. . ‘Twelve hussar ditto a yn re Uhlan ditto ‘Twelve regiments of field artillery, with 1163 guns and 4,864 horses in time of peace, and 1,344 guna ‘with 20,044 horses in time of war; one regiment of artillery for defence of the Coast......... 27,063 14,608 ‘Twoive battalionssappersand minors 6,936 11,082 Six battalions of bnsbcers. GBT: levee ‘These are provided 686 horses.) ‘ranaport Corps, military train, &@, 4,214 Total...... seecssteceseseces sees 348,062 674,079 In the above are not compriced 19 regiments of Gead- armerie, covtaining 18,945 men, nor the military poliee, 8,412 strong, the military establishments, with 6,150 men in time of war, the invalids, six cxadomacd companies, &o, Taking tho total number of men in military servioe, the total strength of the Austrian army on the new foot. ing may be put at 400,000 men, aod on a war footing af 60,000, The command in chief ia in the handg of the Emperor, and, in his absence, in those of Archduke Wi- liam, bis cousin, who is $2 years of ago. The Moniteur de la Motle thea proceeds to detail the naval forces of Austria, wiicb are us follows:— One screw line of-battie mine 800-norse power and 98 guns; 3 screw frigates of 800 horse power ana 31 guns; « Builing frigates of together 171 guns; 2 screw corvettes of 230: horse power and 22 guns; 5 sailing corvettes, together 82 guns; 5 saiting brigs, together 72 guns; 3 paddie stoam- ers of from 300 to 350-horse power and 6 guns; 10 paddle steamers of from 40 to 180-borse power, together 35 guas; S acrew schooners of 60 to 90-horse power, uv ; 8 ailing achooners, together 26 guns; boate Sea dcnan erat uber 10sec uns; 43 prroctee (tor lngune service), together 43 guns; 4armod transports, together 40 guns; 7 unarmed transports and 2 pontoons, cack armed with 10 guce, The officers’ corps comprises 1 viee- admiral, 2 rear admirals, 9 captains,8 post captaias, € commanders, 40 firat lieutenants, 22 second Houteasa! 48 passed midshipmen and 119 midsbipmen. The na’ artillery possesses 36 officers and 1,138 men, and the ma- rive corps 57 officers, 27 cadets, and 1,936 men. The commard-in chief bel to the Emperor, and after hit to Archduke Ferdinand Maximilian, Vice Admiral Governor Generai of the Lombardo Venetian territory. A naval board exists, composed of Rear Admiral the Arch- duke Louis, Chevalier de Fautz, who repronents the former; Captain the Archduke Eugene, Chevaijer do Prea, his Aid-de Camp, Intendsaot Genera! Cozzer do and the Secretary, Emmanuel Komiatk. ‘We consequently learn—assuming that the particulars given by the above journal are correct—that the military strength of Austria im time of peace ts represented by 400,000 jmen, apd in time of war by 760,000 mes. Tue Austrian pavy, which is of very recent creation, is tafe- rior ip bay te a to the navies of the two Taten Powers, Sardimia and Naples; itis composed of 136 ves- sels, armed with 852 guns, and manned by 8,707 seamen. Offensive and ape Alliance between Spain and Portugal. {Tratmiated from the Journal du Havre, April 13, for the Youk . ‘The Portuguese journals bring us the text of the project of a treaty of offensivé and defensive alliance betweoa Spaip end Portugal, under the neme of the Lberiaa Coa- tedeFation. We take from it the following oxtracts:— Those in whose veins ciroulates the Portuguese blood, ormed atom by atom, generation after generation ta the pace of eigut centurics, of @ brillisot and glorious nation- ality, will with great diffcalty accustom taomselvas to a compiete fusion. « If it i6 repugnant for a less numerous nationality te merge iato avother numerically superior, the aunoyances for the jatter will be considerabie, when it receives in ita midst ore, bumber of malcontents who would not cease to sigh for their lost independeace. Powand, Hungary, Scotiand, Irciand, and several other countr! ave bequeathed us, in nearly identical ciroum- number of facts which wi ve to study ma- stances, turely when arguing about difficulties iaherent in such fusions, But international law and diplomacy will fiad the means of conciliating the benefits of the union, with- out offending in the least the holy religion of nationality. This belog discovered, the confederation will be fermed. Whea ol ‘ving closely the present and future horizeas of European politics, ove easily flads that the naticas will be easier enabled to preserve aa European equilibrium— that perfect equality of wternatioual rights, that supreme mogistracy practised in diplomatic confereaces, whiok geueraily docide the fate of nations, when avibilating, according to their will and pleasure, small nationalities, or merging them into one, in order to preserve the noces- sary equiltbrium. This is more the case of the Porte- guese monarchy thaa that of Spain, Those ¢ifferosces might, however, disappear by meas of a confederatioa, which ts merely an wtimate and brotherly alliance ba- tw ahs two Powers. e After several otrer explanatory paragraphs, tho jeur- nals quote the project of the treaty composed of twoaty srticies. The laconism of the frst will give an idea of the importance of the others. This articie states that from the cate of the ratification of the treaty there will be be- tween the kingdom of Portugal aud its natural siater, the Spanish monarchy, ‘an ofleusive and defensive alliance, and a complete solidarity in all international questions which might arise in future, or which are now pending with ail other uations,” Probnble Annexation of China te Russa, (From the Obina Telegraph (London paper), April 18,} In ali buman probability the present Tartar dynasty ta China, so long totiering on its throne, will be in a vory short time completely overturned; in which case we may expect a division of the vast Chinese empire. The Autost- tones of the soll—the aboriginal Chinese—when once de- livered from the yoke of the Tartars, will not care mugh for Mandscburia, the land of their present tyrannical rulers; and there will be then nothing to prevent Russia from taking caay of it, probably without any saort- fice of men or treasure, and extending their frontier te the Chinese wall. Mr. Collins seems to view thie in the tame light.“ From the Amoor,”’ gays he, “ to the great wail of China is only one step. A corps of 20,008 Cos- sacks Could surprige, take possession of, and ocompy the country as our own Mtle army marched to Santa Fe, aed conquered New Mexico.’” (fransisted from the Jouraal du Havre, April 11, for he New York Gerato, ‘The submission of the Knelkes Tartars to Russia 1s am in. portant fact, although the press haa not yet spoken of it; itis now authentic. Those tribes, says a German J comprise @ population of 4,000,000 of souls, and their ter. ritory extends from the province of Irkutsk to the desert of Mongolia, The climate of the country is similar to Southern France. It is the Italy of Siberia. " Adding we it the territory of the Amoor, one finds that since the ad- vent of Alexander II. Russia has acquired a territory equal to France, Beigiom, HoRand and Germany taken all te- gether, It seems, hen, says the same journal, that tae projects of Russia aré not directed against Lialy, bus ega.nst China, Lola Montez in London. (From the London Star, April 8.) The windows of print shops aud the ceiumns of news. papers bave made the public familiar, for more thaa leu yours past, with the figure and the exploits of a laiy of| Gelicate beauty but of masculine spirit. Few of sho fe- male personages of history or fection have played go re. mantic & part on the world’s stage as sue Who bas been a Europe the favorite of kings and of republicans; in Ameaei- ca, a heroine of the horsowh'p and mastiff ; in boi woride, we believe, a theatrical star of some brilliancy; ant now {# achieving ® modest and proiiiablo popularity as lee. turer. Madame Lola Montez—or Countess of Landafelt—made| & fret appearance in London iaat night in the new cha. racter, Tho fame of bor beauty, lor cleverness of her fortunes, attracted to St. James’ hall a very numeroual and fashionable audiesce. Kvery portion of that spa) Ciour and elegant building was weil filled, Precisely at eight o'clock the lecturer presented herself, attired in thas Diack velvet dress, which seems the oniy alternative te ‘White muslin for ladies who aspire to be historic, And Bot Mary Stuart herself became the black velvet, with ite| margins of white iace, better than Lola Montes. A single) Glance at the Iady, ag she stepa upon the piatform and takew hor place bebind @ reading desk artistically drapod with red, puts to Ag al notions of uawomanly obtrusion au’ vebomence, Qgure, face and alr—the coawme, attitude and elocution—are wager dewitohingty. feminine, And leas 80 tho ma and style of the discourse, It consista of a lively and some- what immetbodical commentary on Loglish aad Ame- aican Character—nowbere = profoand, pernaps ia parta vory exagg feminine than a Jaat tribute maniac; for we lm Montez advocates, and indeed pre- Ginims. | Perhape the smartest, happier saying. in tl whole lecture is that in which wo are told, ‘an ia. offebly pretty affectation of eacncstncen—‘'If I were gentioman, Lebould ike au American young lady to