The New York Herald Newspaper, February 2, 1859, Page 1

WHOLE N%. 8186. —————— FINE ARTS. Brady's Galicry of the Great Caziyle pithily says that ‘history is the easence of in- ‘hey really form a most suggestive history, and the pic- tered presence of a great statesman, warrior or author, ‘with whose reputation a nation is not only familiar, but fdentified, brings up at one glance all the great actions for which the nation has become bus debtor. In even 8 more paeminent manner is 8 series of portraits of well known Rational persons a more suggestive record than a volumi- nOus written history, and better than a meager one. It is Iske sooing a man on the street, with whose past actions yea bave been familiar. His whole career, im a compre: hensive way—and even sometimes in remarkable detall— fAxahes into and fills the brain. This fact is very strongly evidenced, and its popularity widely illustrated, by the extra value attached to books which have portraits in ‘them. It is yet more incontestibly proved by the demand, ‘an shown by the supply of portraits of notable people in tbe illustrated newspapers of Germany, France, England apd America. To this country the remark is still more epplicadle. The people like to see the people’s men— ‘whether they be statesmen or inventors, successful ven- ders of razor strope or dealers in greater shaving opera. lens, blue light dramatists or true light preachers, actors: Journalists, dancers or singers. All of these publications are national galleries for the people, aftor a fasbion; and (those of them that best reproduce the acts and people of the day succeed best now, and become of undoubted historic value to the future student of the manners, customs, men, ‘women and amusements of our day. ‘The subject is fall-of interest, and might be made the vehicle for interesting analogies. We were especially struck with the historical value of portraiture of the first and only reliable class while contemplating the gallery of Photographs, just removed from this city to Washington, by Mr. Brady, the eminent photographist. Such a col- Jection—embracing men of not only national, but world- wide reputation, as oOunected with American statesman- sbip, diplomacy, enterprise and glory, from the days of Quincy Adams, Galiatin and Jackson, to those of Webster, Marcy and Ehsha Kane—must in a féw years be beyond all price. The best efforts of science have been combined ‘with the most delicate and experienced resources of art fo make those pictures portraits, and the portraits pic- tures. The result is, we have some of the best men since ‘the first great cra of the Revolution given to usin their ‘Dest phases; while the last days of others, whose carly struggles commenced there, are caught for us and for future generations with unerring faithfulness. Toore is no such reliable collection in the country, and there can- not be such another, Mr. Brady’s enthusiastic devotion ‘to bis art, and the laudable desire, which every true artist feels, to connect his efforts with the history of his coun- ‘ey, prompted him to make the collection. Could we bave had such a gallery of the men of the Revolution, the country would cherish it as one of its dearest shrines, Assuredly, when the dust of political battie has com- plotely cleared away, many of the great rivals in Brady’s collection will be deemed worthy to follow in the steps of their predecessors. Some have taken their places among the immortals of the republic—Jackson for instance. The portrait of the man who consolidated fm the second war the liberties won in the first war with Great Britain is in his last days at the Hermitage; but days in which he still was leader of the party of which his , very name is considered to be the head by some. Wo Laveheard Edwin Forrest tell of « visit to the Hermitage fm those days, and describe the feebly-strong old man teaning on his staff, and showing by those characteristics. Gvomwell, and carried on campaigns with the decisive energy of a Napoleon. Although Jackson was much older than Richelicu, as depicted in Sir Edward Bulwer’s play, ections were) eloquent calls to mind! When New Orleans was in commotion, fearful of the approach of the British, calmed their fears by ordering Livingston to tel the people ‘‘that he was there.” The same consciousness of power carried him through everything. Judge Bald- ‘win well says that “‘he never seemed to rise to, but ever having Jeferior could be bad, Coming to Jackson, he was met ‘with the reply, “If this is your cotton, you at least will pot think it any hardship to defend it.”” Nolte significant- fhe second. The great interest attaching to the latter was ¢ubibited lately at the saleof the old furniture of the old Bouse of Representatives. Quincy Adams’ chair sold for Digh, and even higher than $500, for it. It was the chair Jato which he, fainting, fell on his last appearance in the Bouse. Like tho great Chatham, ho died in legislative harness, Chatham's death, too, has an@American inte- reat. He went to the Lords to oppose the dismember. ment of the then American colonics from Great Britain, yeeommended by the Duke of Richmond, and attempting to reply to whom he fainted and fell back. Another American connection comes to mind. The picture of ‘(Chatham's death, now in the National Gallery, wag paint- ed by an American artist—John Singleton Copley=whose gon is now famousas Lord Lyndhurst. Brady’s exceilent portrait of Adams has all the placid characteristics of his | @uitivated mind, and which to the last he continued to cultivate, that he might cultivate others, Here we see the capacious and well balanced head, that even amid the crowding duties of his executive career found time to make abstracts of Cicero’s Orations and Pascal’s Letters for the benefit,of his son. And here ie Henry Clay, without exception the best portrait of him extant, which ia owing to the pose.of the head. The nose is not thrown so awkwardly forward ana ‘upward as it is in every other picture we have seen, nor does the mouth seem one awful gash from ear tocar. ‘The sitting of Clay for this picture was a work of art in it- too, the mental peculiarities luminous power, mel. ~ lowed somewhat by years, but still effulgent. ‘This noble picture Of one ‘whose patriotism and love of his country,” as Wilberforce said of Grattan, “seemed Completely to extinguish all private interests,” brings to ‘ mma‘with what enthusiasm the people recognisea the *) ; : (gray eye, and expr essive though homely mouth, was ro. (ognized at the Jenny Lind concert in-Washington. Presi- 7 eat Fillmore had been received with attention; Webster with deferential respect, but ‘three cheers for Harry May’? were given, such as flung Jules Benedict’s concerto (nto the vasty deep from which nota sound could be heard. And here is old Albert Gallatin, who, in early days, an! Yefore the close of the last century, was a diatinguishe member of Congress, and held tne House with his intelli~ feut face and brilliant black eye. In after life he sus- tined the ‘Ho was rathor a fashion- ; l i HH PRICE TWO CENTS. ‘Look at this forcible head and ‘face, both looking necessa- YY ee at ‘They crown a frame and a breast a rampast. Lary | to Audubon, the monarch of the forests of America and paging ee re @ persistent energy. was more fitful, but no one could toaster out, ‘as he has hie friends.”” His famous ‘Git cout” to Foote, who was “‘piling iton thick” to Daniel, convulsed the Senate. Near Daniel is the strong and eolid head of the strong and solid chief secretary of the Pierce administration, William L. Marcy; and in close proximity the seif-rehant, active looking and comprehensive face of Benton, There is great calm power in Marcy’s head. There is equally great energetic power in Benton’ seems to ty; muscularity as an adjunct or of mental power, and Marcy the revers3; Cpe frame to.the work his performed re ta on ae ‘ough a le an yment. To eand Roman nose of Benton we sec the force expressive but proud geniality of his face sus- tained with vivacity through the arduous tasks of author. ship he undertook when he ceased to appear in the gladia- torial arena of politics, The whole cit of Marcy’s face indicates severity. of intellect, cierness of logic and a consciousness of hard study. This portrait, which is peculiarly forcible, was taken only about a week whea death overtook the great original at his studies in philoso- phy, and consequently bas a value .which is enbanoed by the fact that we might in one week have lost forever tho chance of having a reliable counte:part of a statesman ‘who made our name respected before the world. And there immediately over Zack (aylor is the express- ive face of McDufile, of South Carolina, to whose glowing eloquence so noble a tribute was paid by Gen. Hamilton. me Haid npee, the frm ot mouth and the kasigs binded w cropped hair hangs square on head make the glowing orator like a roundhead of the Crom- wellian era, And there, too, is the tower like head and rugged under jaw of Chancellor Kent, his eyes firmly SO a nr a td nign jocrat @ Story; feeling and unprejudiced humanity. ‘The fine “Atlantic” of Silas Wright’s countenance, as ‘was that of Charles James Fox, is oan my Shght- ly) with a emile; the great New Y. looks the genial and comprehensive intellect that he was—bright, broad and boundirig, ald fering in ita evident sesqurces of faney a contrast to the capital solid and somewhat supercilious monetary importance of Levi Woodbury, wh» became ra 8 Secretary of the Treasury when he kicked out e. Besides statesmen, orators, financiers, we have the great departed of the army and navy represented by very characteristic its of Generals Gaines, Worth and Per- sifer Smith, Morris, iby Jones and Perry. Literature is well represented by the Walter it of iy . The head is a solid a est of tne’ great group. It is the need aca 4 ling nearly over the world, has carried away Tima, Dy which the savants and philosophers of out own a wi Be b m character of this man has retained by Mr. with @ faithfulness amoun' to @ great triumph. erect head an‘ aspiring forehead, g 4 on Sunday. any definite information in regard had not heard of any battles. expecting to hear Bow cen gece ory seemed to be generally in favor of , though not . Busi- ness was dull, owing to the all over the . : } = F i = 8 4 FI Z apes REE BEBE i i [ i i THE PARAGUAY EXPEDITION. The Parsguayan Defenees—The Forts of the Paraguay River—Desertption of Them Map of Humaita Fortress—What Our Micet Will have (o P.:a—Letter frem the Harriet Lane. “ While intelligence is daily coming in of the concentration Of the Doited :t\\¢8 fle-t 1: the La Plata, it will bo eml- negtly interesting :o know what preparations President ‘Lopez is making for the reception of our vessels of war. One of our correspondents has supplied the information. After passing the confluence of the rivers Paraguay and Parana, at Tr: s Bocas (th::e mouths), there is, first, a lit tle fortrees of inconsiderable note, A short distance up the Paraguay, Lowever, there je @ range of defences of more note, whic! are intended tocommand theriver. The batteries extend along the shore for a mile and a half, and mount about one hundred and Gfty guns. The following map was drawn by a pérson familiar with the interior, who was arrested for sketching it on the spot, but subsequently escaped:— MAP OF HUMAITA, ON THE PARAGUAY RIVER. along the line of fortifications. 6. Tangled forest of low trees, with small spots cleared as if intended for guns. 7. Line of unsbeltered fortifications extending for about one and a balf miles around the bend of the river, 8. Cage mated battery of thirteen guns pointing down the river. 9, Scattered and unsheltered guns at various heights, ‘and at various distances from the river. 10, Land recently cleared of forest trees. 11. Narrow chapnel of river. 12. Only navigable channel of Tres Bocas. ‘The breastworks are built of timber filled in behind with clay. The bank is fifteen feet above the water at this point, All the guns are unsheltered except the mid-~ dle battery of thirteen guns, which is covered in s brick building. The customary levelling of the portholes is made from the outside instead of within, as usual, {inconsequence of which the walls are very weak. A large clearing has been recently made on the other side of the river, and it is eup- posed that as our expedition sails up it may fallin with guns on both banks. Besides, the river is very narrow, and the channel narrower, #0 that the fort will be withia & stone’s throw of any ships passing up the river. Should the Paraguayans be pugnacious, this point might be found & dangerous one; but the latest news from that quarter is that the resent river floods have so undermined the sheltered battery that it has been dismantled. The river has long been approaching the clay bank of that battery ; but below the fort, on the same side of the river, littic patches have been cleared inthe forest. Back of the de fences, on the river bank, irregular breastworks have been erected and pointed up and down the river, to be used in case of an’ attempt to land. There are 12,000 soldiers within easy call of the fort, of the best troops in South America. They will be certain not to run unless ordered; and the plentiful mixture of Indian blood makes them much more formidable in battle than the pure Spaniard. There can be no doubt that if the Paraguayans desire it, they can make an obstinate fignt here, as the ships cannot see the fortress until nearly abreast of it. The cleared patches are supposed to be in- tended for the planting of temporary batteries to annoy the shipping, in cace any attempt is made to bombard the fort from a distance. The Paraguayans are not skilled in the use of heavy guns, and though they have succeeded im employing foreign instructors to teach them, these prudent teachers expressly contracted that they would not engage in actual conflict. It is supposed that Jadge Bowlin will, however, be compelled to wait below Bumaita until negotiations are made with Lopez. But if be should pass Humaita, he will have obtained possession of the key to Paraguay. OUR EXPEDITIONARY CORRESPONDENCE. Unrrep Stares Strawer Hararer Lave, Rio Jawmino, Deo. 8, 1868, } The Harriet Lane in Distress— Puls into Rio—A Chapter of Accidents, de. We arrived here in distress on the evening of the 4th inst, The circumstances are as follows :—Afer leaving Barbadoes our treubles began. We first broke our port crank pin, but having s spare one on board we wore abie to repair the damage; our second mishap was the break- ing of two air pump crosshead ribs; our third was getting ‘out of coal before reaching our port of destination, owing to heavy weather breaking parte of engine, and inferior quality of coal taken on board at Barbadoes. All these compelled us to run the ship seven hundred miles under canvass to Maranbam for eupplics. After getting coal, ‘wood, and water, at enormous prices, we le(t again for Pernambuco, where we arrived after a very rough pas- sage of five and « half days—all woll. We then began to think our troubles all over for the present, with a fair prospect of making a quick passage to the river, and left Pernambuco an the evening of the 28th inst.; but on the 30th we broke our starboard crank pid, about four hun- dred miles from Pernambuco, and about six hundred from this place, The canvass was brought into requisition again, and we arrived hero, all right side up, in six days from our last meutioned port, The work of complete re- pair is all under way, ‘and we are im hopes tohave the Barriet Lane soon on the sea again. We have thus bed a full chapter of accidents this cruise, I think we will get our machinery secured this time, if it can be done here. T suppose you are wearing overcoats about this time in New York, but it weuld take all the ee you have got to ‘cool off this place. The water is pouring off my face now wm streams. Writing with a handkerchief in pen in the other is not very pleasant. one hand and THE MARINE DISASTERS OF LAST YEAR. Interesting Analysis of Casualties and Salling Vessels for the Year 1856. ‘The following tables give the number of disasters of ail Kinds to steam and sailing vessels reported during the past Year, with the total losses, number of collisions, aban- doned, fires, stranded, &c., &o. the year, as appears by the table, amounted mous sum of $2! 489,;20:— Am. ships, 248 disasters, or —14 iow hates, Te pig 1,188 brigs, 183“ “le « 4,760 “ echre.,452 $008 «ver. 1,085 9 cases of combustion of lime. 8 cages of combustion of coal. The estimated losses for to the enor- March, A » Tune. ose dee “w 6 2 68 7 “a 6 & 6b 82 74 Ga Nov, Dee. Total. 9 6 Ii 9 40 | 8 1 86 =—_-2B 2 2 2H 60 B06 Ta “ia 148 Fe. ‘April, May. Ji ; . Tune Be eee wl me Ships... 10 5 5 4) 555 Barks. 2 5 Disa SET Cad Brigs, 28 6 6 10 (eee | Bebooners.,..11 9 12 9 10 7 Ca) en ee) Nov. Dec. Total. a 6 2 (OS 13° «1284 5 7 6 8 9 22 «20 129 cA 60 49 300 ‘WHOLE NUMBER DISASTERS TO AMERICAN VESSELS. Jan. Be. = March, April. May. June. Bist oes « cahth 6 ? @ 3 10 1% 10 10 “8616 1 2 2 a) 6 OF Dec. Total. 3 107 pes) 1618 20 183 40 452 208-1,142 ‘March. a May. J |. Jume. ie ial Aer 4 1 2 1 1 2 3 1 1 1 0 4 4 Fy ry 6 > ou 6 ° « Ww % 0 a Oct, Nov. Dec. Tal. Vai es Soa i es a@o 4 0 8 vail GO Nea | 9 ae ee ee aS Se | ee Bn 4 bh 6 @ mm ‘WHOLE WUMBER OF FIKES. March. Api. May. June, 6 6 1 8 ry 4 1 ° @ 1 1 0 ° 0 ° C) 0 2 0 ° 6 9 3 Sept On Noo. Des, Tat 4°23 23 #8 1 1 8 8 & © 0 0 1 4 Ss o °° v J es ans Baie ee 2 6 6 8 & LOssEs FOR 1658, soos 205,600 1,008,800 184,700 796 800 178,160 906,800 266,900 1,008 360 845,000 '€01,000, 28,100 622,400 210,300 664,400 298,700 892,300 224,200 409,250 72,200 1,044,800 291,660 1,060,000 800,000 9,873,025 2,600,500 » ‘Total 121,740 14,735,775 o80 BST jer 1,745,375 500 1,786, 260 1,497,150 Too 1.201300 83,660 ‘1,560,950 191,100 1,836,350 1,7 2°730,000 2,210,000 1,746,215 21,489,720 joned, collisions. bound from New York. bound to New York. cent. “ < “n10 « enw « 4 canes of spontaneous combustion from other causes. Total amount of estimated losses in 1858. Of which were foreign, say 1-5.,..... For New York, say 9-24—=6,446,916 For Boston © 6-2hamed, For Philadelphia, “ <oensieen'a00 For New Orleans," 3-94=—=2,148,972 For other places, “* 2-04 =» 1/439,648 = 17,191,776 above to New York. see 6 reeset of Reves paid by seven 6 ‘iia Am’t of losses paid by co's. (est.) 1,000,000 6,186,431 Amount uninsured in New York. ,,.......... $1,311,485 4 disasters to steamers—Europe to New York. lo “ ‘New York to Europe, o « “ on Western rivers. ++ + 21,489,720 4;207/944 ‘Total amount of American loases.........,..817,191,776 Coroners’ Fatat ACCIDENT IN Tisssowaren trom =-Corveer Schir- mer held ap inquest yesterd names Lucy Deane} PA who fei! the mept house No. 44 Vandewater street, while and received such serious injuries that she quence. It was at first supposed that tbrown out of the window by her under this supposition, the Fourth precinct Mr. Delapey, until the matter shoutd be full U the inquest the happily together. drivking to excess, but never quarrelled with or was iil used by bim, to the fatal fall; of accident, and ut the jury believed ofa woman of the taae- intoxicated, died {n conse- VO-9 investigated evidence went to her busband, ‘There waa no direct testimony as the case to be one rendered © verdict of ‘‘death from inja- Personal Intelligence. Intelligence has been received by the last steamer, of the in France, ot Bayard Van Reoseleer, #00 of General Van Rensselaer, of “pg He had been in failing health for several months, had gone abroad in hope of THE WORK OF CONGRESS. EIGHTH WEEK OF THE SECOND SESSION OF THE THIRTY-FIFTH CONGRESS. THE PACIFIC RAILROAD— ACQUISITION OF CUBA—IN- DIANA SENATORSHIP8—THE SEOREOY OF EXECUTIVE SESSIONS—TERRITORIAL BUSINESS—THE OREGON BILL—NEW TERKITORIES—PRIVATE BILLS: A NEW ORDER—-CONSULAR AND DIPLOMATIC BILL—OUR MI- NISTERS ABROAD: INTERESTING DEBATE—DECUXOUS CONDUCT OF A MEMBEK—-THE CAPTUMMD AP&IC ANS ernment is bankrupt and unable to Py ee when the people expect retrenchment of us, we Bot reasons. pe ay hasiacaioal Mr. Curry, of Ala. , cnecessary, in- asmuch as the Minister to had fouw: it within his power not only to discharge the overous duties of that position, but algo to do everything that @ Miuister to Per- jo—and that make @ treaty with OF THE ECHO—EXCITING DEBATE—THE IRWIN LM- batinagy ha ag ‘aoe vas ot one cont commerce, PEACHMENT CASE- VESTIGATING COMMITTEES— | either of exports or imports, between Persia and the Uni- POSTAGE ON NEWSPAPERS—PUBLIC DUOUMENTS— OCEAN AND LAND MAIL ROUTRS—FRANKING PRIVI- LEGE—CALLS FOR INFOKMATION—MISCRLLANE> @US—PUBLIC BUILDINGS—BILLS VaSSUD, ETC. The past weck's proceedings in Congress have been marked with an unusually bigh degree of public iterest: In the Sepate the Pacific Raltroad Mf, which had been dragging ite slow length along siaco the opouing of toe session, received its quietus im the shape of the parsage of a measure which looks to, but dovs not practically pro- ‘vide for, the constructionef three 1oais some ime ia the distant future. The report of the Comm: ttoe on Foreign Rola tions in favor of the administration measure appropriating $30,000,000 to facilitate negotiations for the acquisition of Cuba was presented, and gave rise to a discursion which, though brief, was of intense interest, and which was only the skirmish preliminary to the great contest that is to be engaged in during the present week over the same measure. We have already presented our readers with a full transcript of the report and dis. cussion in regard to this thirty million proposition, and need not, therefore, recapitulate its leading points. The third subject of interest which occupie! the attention of the Senate during the week was that in regard to the Indiana Senatorships. The Legislature of Indiana have by memorial to the Senate solemnty protested against their State being unrepresented in that august body, alleging ted Bates. Mr. Phelps, of Mo., gave as an a/lditional reasog for tho mission, that the Sbab of Persia was abuut to send a Min- ister to the United States, and that ordinary courtery ‘re- quired a return of the compliment. ‘Lhe committee was of opinion, however, thatthe in'z- siov was not required by any public necessity, and aged to Mr. Colfax’s amendment. Mr. Curry, of Ala., encouraged by this partial success, followed up the biow by moving to Ptrike out the pro- ision for a Mmister to Buenos Ayres, Hye said that Mr. Monroe was Commisawncr to four or ive European go- Veriments, apd oid more busivers than three dogen Minis- ters Pienipoteetiary in the present cay. The Minister wo the Argentce Copfeceration could easily discharge all bis Cuties, inciusive of these for Buenos Ayres. His opinion was, thai the missions wo Vortugal, sardinia, Napies, Rome, Belgium, Austria, ana other courts, were of no possible uthily to the government, and chat the men who were dancing atiendance on such courts were simply drawing their ealaries without conferring any practical vevefit on the country. Consular agents could discharge ail the duties required, ano if a spe ‘aly were to be made with a foreign goverbmentit would be much cheaper and much more in accordance wih republican principles to depute a man specially to attend to that duty. Mr. Phelps, of Mo. , explained that the Miniter to the Argentine Confederation was wo Perform the duties of the Minister to Buenos Ayres, and draw half pay for the iat- ter. The Committee agreed to Mr. Curry’s amendment, and struck out the provision for the Buenos ayrean mission. ‘Mr. Lovejoy, of lil., a republican, and a parsou besides, wanted to go in wholcsaie, apd moved ww strike out tho whole of the following section of the bill:— Ybat the two gentlemen who now profess to represent | _ For salaries of envoys extraordinary, ministers, and com- Indiana in the'Senate of the United State—Mossrs. Bright Fry went the ty nied penton of Oreos, BrBais, | no and Fitch—are mere pretenders; and asking that Mvssrs. | Perea, }ortugal, switzerland, Kome, Bel- Tane and McCarthy, the duly elected Senators, bo recog. | lust Holla ieamark, syeden, ‘rurkey,, Macnee, Apres, nized. Sofarfrom granting tho prayer of the petition, Fagus, pants oa arg Honduras, argendne the United States Senate has actually refused to extend to Lane and McCarthy the privilege of seate on the floor, pending the controversy—a privilege which is usually ac- corded to contestants of seats in either house. In addition to these topics the Senate had also brought to its attention the curious fact that its proceedings in secret executive session were found duly chronicled in the Hapa. next day. How did that come to pasa? Was it to be ascribed to the leakiness of Senators themselves, or was there a secret recess or whispering chamber connected with the hall? They set to work on the latter hypothesis and dis- covered a closet somewhere around, and located, therein, surprised—two black cats. A wonderful discovery, but one which does not clear up the mystery. The House of Representatives was not, in its turn, de- void of interest throughout the week. On the contrary it had animating and very exciting questions on two im- portant subjécte—the opening of the slave trade and the maintenance of our foreign missions. It disposed of, be- sides, a large amount of ordinary business. Indeed both houses.did more than their usual share of practical legis- ene TERRITORIAL BUSINESS—ADMIBSION OF OREGON. ‘The House did not, the previous weck, pass the resolu- tion offered by Mr. Stephens, of Georgia, setting apart three days for the consideration of territorial business. To pro- cure the making of such an order it is necessary, if ob- jection be made, to have the rules suspended, so as to ‘admit of the introduction of the resolution. Mr: Morgan, of New York, did object, on the ground that he understood it was the object of the mover to force on the admission of Oregon ; and he did not believe that that subject pro- perly camo now under the category of territorial business. Mr. Stephens did not deny, though he did not avow, that his purpose was to get in Oregon during the time to be so specially set apart for the legislation of the Territories. Mr. Morgan, therefore, persisted in his resolution. Mr.Stephens then moved to suspend the rules, but did not succeed in the motion—which requires a two-thirds vote—there be- ing yeas 105, nays 71. So the Oregon bill and the Territo- Mr, Phelpe, of Mo., argued that this was a matter for the executive, not for the legisiative department of the govervment; that these appointments were made by the Tresident, with the advice and cousent of the Semate; that. their salaries were fixed by the law of 1866, and that this Appropriation was iequired to pay their salaries. ir. Jones, of Tenn., wanted tu know whether if Congress. refused to make appropriations for the payment of their salaries these diplomatists would not all have time enough to get home before the frst of July, when the new fiscal year commenced, ‘Thia inea tickled the senses cf members, and was re- ceived with laughter from all sides of the House. Mr. Lovejoy protested that he was in earnest in this Matter; he did not know what intercet of thecountry weald suffer from the recall of all these diplomatsta, al he did know that the individua's themselves would a: > and that there would not be so many places to be fAilled by those who were repudiated by the people. The aatocrats of the dinner tabie (alluding to Giaucy Jones’ convivial privileges at the White House) might pot find places; bat the country would suffer no detriment. He aut uently excepted the mission to Spain from the operation of his amendment, Mr. Stanton, of Ohio, believed it was time to commence & practical system of economy. They had to do it by some radical, striking change in some of the d of the government. This idea of keeping up their diplomatic corps, and thelr army and their uavy, and all their army of officeholders, and going on with their contracts and sucl expenditures, and saving by sixpences, with a view of re- ducing the expenditures of the gover:ment, was all idle. It cannot be done. The question is, what can be best dis- pensed with? He knew of no arm of the pablic service. bat was more emphatically useless than this diplomatic. service—none in the world. For c:.mmercial purposes the consuls discharge all the duties that are required. The diplomatic ministers discharge no dutice of a commercial character. If they bad any treaties of importance to ne- gotiate, they always send a epecial minister, or else havo it negotianed with foreign minister in’ Washington. They never entrusted their ordinary diplomati> agents ‘with serious and important negotiations, and there was Teally no necessity for those agents, Mr. Crawford, of Ga., demurred to the proposal to withbold supplies from our diplomats, alleging that if they refuted to make this appropriation the President would not call home a single minister. Mr. Scales, of N. C., seconded the movement on the re- Publican side. The President had moved Congress to a rigid scrutiny into the expenses of all the departments of the government, and there was no bill m which reform rial business went over indefinitely. and Fr it could more properly be commenced Rille have-beem reported in the House for the organiza- Sous bi AH oye ead Menne and tion of Territorial governments for Jefferson:(Colona), Da- | Foreign irs, to commence the work of reform on this Saag Foy tc the ‘commitien ot prepared for Mr. Lov was ny . " PRIVATE BILIS—A NEW ORDER. wholesale ition, and the amendment was Brn f . proposi =. gen of vege, a Ley ee Go inde- ten! }, moved to atri me. he sano ef eae missions were neither more ner tas than jobe—neither more nor less than pleasant places to be disposed of by the administration which may happen to de in power, to its fricnds and admirers, Among them Pree ‘this mission ‘the Grst ime some years ago, there was of money in the fey Al and when it was desired me Plea- sant place for supporter of the administration which hap- } " — (oa vist ooela The babe between the United tates and the States was, last year—exports, none; imports, $2,600; and yet the United ‘ates kept a Minister: there at a salary of $7,500. The only trade ween the countries was in essential oils and rags. ‘The committee agreed that the mission to Rome was a Piece of useless extravagance, and adopted the amend- ment striking it out. Mr. Barksdale, of Mississippi, a democrat, fullof bluster and blundering, attempted to ridicule this new fangiod spirit of economy manifested by the oppusition side Houge, and asked what —— ‘appropriation had ever been made by Congress that did not receive the sanction and su tof the bb fener ir. Stanton, of Ohio, asked him to name one that had. nis Barkndale specified the River and Harbor Appropri- ation bills. gh Coifax replied, there had been no such bill passed r years. Mr. Barkedale then specified the French Spoliation bill. Mr. Stanton pointed out that neither of the measures referred to had pessed at all, and that the repab- Heretofore, under the rules of the House, it was next to an impossibility to secure a vote on any private bills, for the reason that during twoof the four Fridays in the month, when such business stands a chance of considera. tion, a single objection was enough to defeatit. There are always a dezen or more crotchetty individuals in the House, who, because they cannot get their own pet mea- sures through, are constantly objecting to other people's getting through with theirs. During the other two Fri- days of the month private bills can be discussed, and two or three of them—sometimes one only—generally use up the entire day. In this way, bills to which there is really no practical objection alawee on the calendar for de- ae ; Sone anemag ocours to let them slip rough. It was for the purpose of amending the rules in that respect, and so facilitating the transaction of business, that ‘an innovatory resolution was proposed aod adopted last week, according to which, after reading the journal on each Saturday, the House shall resolve itself into Com- mittee of the l@ on the Private Calendar, the bills thereon (ezcent in the case of adverse reports trom the Court of Ciatms) shai) be called in their regutar order, the Dill and report read, and five minutes allowed to state the objection ‘to each, and five minutes to answer the objec- tion; and then, without further debate, the question is to be taken on the disposition of the bill. By this means there isa of clearing the private calendar within somo lab nina length of Mime but an | licans would take a leseon from this, and be careful in fature equally great prospect of necessilating a larger loan to | how they helped the administration. Whenever the repub- meet the additional expenditures that will be thus saddied | licans were enabled to controt the legisiation of the House on the government. ‘THE PACIFIC RAILROAD BILL. ‘The bill which the Senate passed on Thuraday last by a vote of 81 to 20 is regarded by the friends of the Pacific Railroad as equivalent to the defeat or indefinite pest- ponement of the proposition to build the road. Tne title of the bill passed (being the amendment of Senator Bell, of Tennessee) sufficiently indicates its object. It is en- they would be ready to assume their full share of respon- sibility, but be did not choose to be made a scapegoat by voting for Ls yvemmnad for which he might be after- wards arraigned. Mr. Burnett, of Kentucky, an administration democrat, ppt OPA ary rts 3 y uesia, , Mexico, Choaieads Pactgeny, snd espaed: (aan tar only coeans that Congress possessed of reaching the abcse of the power vested in the President was by to vote ‘These missions were not Ag aes mane eee ould adopt our enemy on the other side, and show thelr fan by thelr works. A commentary on the speech was furnished by the sub- sequent withdrawal of the amendment by tue ‘wanted others to show their fauh by their works. Abdillto asain save tavine weenie pre pte oe Boe struction of a railroad from the valley of the Mississippi to the Pacific ocean, upon three separate r: E 4 5 a months, to invite for the constr: After an intermission of two or days, the discus- ‘and working of three raiiroads from the valley of the | sion of the subject was resumed on Monday, the 24th, Mississippi to the Pacific ocean, within the territory and | when Mr. Crawiord, of Georgia, moved to sirike out the Juriediction of the United States: one com whole paragraph containing appropriations for tne sala- suitable point on the western boundary of the State of | ries of ministers, £0 as to the House either to vote running thence, on what ‘appear the most of them or nove of them, and thus evade the opera- ehgible route, to ‘Sound, in Washington Te "| tion af the amendments, striking at Rome and one commencing at some sultab'e point on the western | Buenos Ayres. He a the assertion wi ich he had boundary of the State of Missouri or Iowa, thence pursui made before, that — inisters would remain a what may appear to be the most eligible route, within the their posts, and that the President would not recall a thirty-fourth and forty-third parallels of north latitude, | singip one of . These officers were as important to San Francisco or Benicia, in the State of California; one | 0 welfare of the country as any other branch of tho ‘at some suitable point on the western | public service, while their were scarcely suffi- boundary of the Stato of Arkapsas or Texas, ‘thence par- | Cient to pay their expenses. sung what may appear to be the most le route to Thediscussion here branched off into an argument on to i iously to specify the time within which the road com. tai on Hidee= the ‘net — being’ b 4 expected from the oment, ‘ee question more i ly. . conveying the mails and military and naval suppiies; the Eventually it came back to the practical question of time when the company will surrender the road with its | economy and reform. Mr. Lovejoy again got a chaace of equipments to the United States, and the guarantees of pitebing into his friends the diplomats. He said toat wis fe for the faithful pertormance the contract aad | Whole matter of di had outlived ite original pur- ‘against exceasive fares. The are to be sent to | pose. It grew up in Europe, and we had copied -it from of the Iaterior, sealed, and he is to open | those monarchical governments. When one man ruled a torm previously to the commencement of the next | Pation, and one woman ruled that man, it might bave session of Congress, in presence of the been proper to send my lord the Duke of Buckingham, all ul ober heads f mrapay Bape jewels, as a diplomatist to this court. But of the same to the y is all past. And now, what does this diplomas amount to, as curried on at present, so far as the interests try are concerned? Ab why disce omnes. bens June 30, 1860, led to protracted debate in the House, on ‘wo distinct points. The one was, that a large number of ¢ a i tf characters were below the average of respectable. The ‘nation. He other was, because the bill imciuded an Gone us no good, ome $30,000 to enable the President to form the con- an, aoe tan tract which be had entered into with the African Coioniza- and tion Society for lying with food and shelter the unfor- ‘ThereWwas not tunate Africans: ‘were captured on board laver or two, in tho. Kobo, landed at Charleston, and subsequently restored to ae treaty bus their country by the steam frigate Ningara. jinister to any govern- CONGRESMONAL RATIMATE OF OUR DIPLOMATISTS. A résumé of the debate which took place in the House in regard to our foreign ministers, will enable those gentle- men to comprehend fully the estimate placed upon their sp occsevane i arena i” Y sagas distinguished talents and services. Tho bill was taken up 1,000 a day to sail in Committee of the Whole, ou Tuosday, the 18th, but dis- rar and he cursion on that day was not confined to the merits of the Me and habits bill, but was general to its character. Next day the attack oliur = characteriatics was opened upon jt, The first movement was an amend during the ab- ment offered by Mr. Colfax, of Iadiana, to strike out the Provision for the mission to Persia, alleging a8 One reason therefor that, at ata time when the treasary of the gov- tinuiog nines suitable mau, who aa i cade was, from bis long resitenos, ability aud priv : fully qualided to dcharge tbe duties of the ofive—be was