The New York Herald Newspaper, January 24, 1859, Page 1

¥, lon Det 18, t Cane’ lettexe’ 17, tat cross, | et | rd mn, diag. ) } 26th, | Salem, | rar \, Port. r New Genoa », Eng. Gray, Hover; pool, tagie, ning, lier, 8; Edw indaro, ham, Boston, il, and ‘from. lation, i “and Kk next ith, tor | n, NO, | Jeans), | gton, Ta | pposed |) Guire, | . 2 Boston | poston. tania; Srem), Ham: rig 8 javane lover, : Hart >, Thi eston; on, © rem), slow, slands sburg, past of Spirit bury: mith, aliao; Balt. New mn for rt for raed, Bav- orria, nons, terri ever- avan amp, Baitt- lertz, \uck- THE NEW YORK HERALD. ‘20 BE IESUED THIS (MONDAY) AFTERNOON, AT ONE O'CLOCK, Number Six of the MOUNT VERNON PAPERS, By the Hon, EDWARD EVERETT. AN ANGEL'S SMILE, And other original poems, by JAMES GORDON BENNETT, Esy., Editor of the New York Herald. TO YOUNG MEN IN THE COUNTRY Der ring to seek their fortune in the city, By the Hen, HORACE GREELEY, Editor of the New York Tribune. A VISIT TO THE HOME OF JANE EYRE, By Lieutenant Governor RAYMOND, Editor of the New York ‘Times. “A CANNON BALL IN THE HAT,” By ‘One whokeeps his Eyes and Ears Open.” “WORDS FOR MUSIC,” By Gen. GEORGE P. MORBIS, of the Home Journal. “HE HIDDEN HAND,” ‘A new and powerfully written serial, by Mrs. EMMA D. E. N. SOUTHWORTH, author of the “Bride of an Evening,” “The Deserted Wifo,”’ &¢., &e. “THE TOMB OF WASHINGTON.” Apoem. By Mrs. SIGOURNEY. “TROUBLE ABROAD.” An Cli Coaster’s Story. Byan old contributor. “THE TINKER.” An illustrated poem, By THOMAS DUNN ENGLISH. “THE OLD MAN’S DARLING.” Asketch. By Mrs. VAUGHN. “SYMPATHY.” Apoem. By ALICE CAREY. Another instalment of “HARRY MONTFORD.” By SYLVANUS COBB, Jr. “THE COTTER’S SATURDAY NIGHT.” ‘With original illustrations, “WIT AND WISDOM.” , By Geo, D. Prentice, A Greeting “TO WILLIAM CULLEN BRYANT,” on his re- turn from Europe. By Wim. Ross Wallace, “BORDER SUFFERINGS”—A sketch, By Emerson Bennett. Another instalment of “a TRUE HISTORY OF THE COLONY OF NEW PLY- i MOUTH,” By that renowned historian, “I. B.,”” a descendant of Anns Bradstreet, commonly called the Tenth Muse. “EVERY DAY THINGS,” By Fanny Fern. “SAYING AND BEING.” By Mary Forrest, DITORIALS. “Robert Burns," “General and Pereonal,” ‘A Novel ani Unique Feature,” “Ominbus Riding,” “Sensatian Women,” “a Word to Our Millionaires,” “Americans ia England,” “The Useful and the Beautiful.” ANSWERS TO CORRESPONDENTS, &c., &c., Ac. All this—sublime conclusion!—for FOUR CENTS. MORNING EDITION—MONDAY, JANUARY 24, 1859. PRICE TWO CENTS. RIO Peis La ce ONTENTS OF THE NEW YORK LEDGER ‘TO DE ISSUED TIMS (MONDAY) APTERNOON, AT OXR O'CLOCK: Number Six of the MOUNT VERNON PAPERS, By the ion, EDWARD EVERETT. AN ANGEL'S SMILE, And o'her original poems, by JAMES GORDON BENNETT, Eaq., Rditor of the New York Herald. TO YOUNG MEN IN THE COUNTRY Desiring to seek thei fortune in the city. By the Hon, HORACE GREELEY, Euitor of the New York ‘Tribune. A VISIT TO THE HOME OF JANE EYRE, By Lieutenant Governor RAYMOND, Editor of th: New York ‘Timer. “A CANNON BALL IN THE HAT.” By “‘ One who Keeps his Eyes and Ears 0, en.” “WORDS FOR MUSIC.” By Gen. GEORGE P. MORRIS, of the Home Journal. “THE HIDDEN HAND’ A new and powerfully written serial, ! y Ms. EMM\ D. E. ‘N. SOUT: WORTH, author of the “Bride of au Evening,” “The Deserted Wife,” &c., &c. “THE TOMB OF WASHINGTON.” Apoem. By Mrs. SIGOURNEY. “TROUBLE ABROAD.” An Old Ovasta:’s Story. By an old contributor, “THE TINKER.” ‘An illustrated poem. By THOMAS DUNN ENGLISH. “THE OLD MAN’S DARLING.” Apketch, B; Mrs. VAUGHN. “SYMPATHY.” Apoem, By Alice Carey. Another instalment of “HARRY MONTFORD.” By Sylvanus Cobb, Jr. “THE COTTER'S SATURDAY NIGHT.” With original iliustrations, “WIT AND WISDOM.” By Geo. D. Prentice. AGreeting “TO WILLIAM CULLEN BRYANT,” on his return f:om Europe, By Wm. Boss Wallace. “BORDER SUFFERINGS”—A ‘ketch, By Emerson Bennett. Another instalment of “A TRUE HISTORY’OF THE COLONY OF NEW PLY- MOUTH.” By that renowned historian, “I. B.,” © descendant of Anna Bradstreet, commonly called the Tenth Muse. “EVERY-DAY THINGS.” By Fanny Fern. “SAYING AND BEING.” 25 By Mary Forrest, EDITORIALS, “Robert Burns,” “General and Personal,” “A Novel and ete irrerit ete Riding,”’ Clary rg ‘Women,” Pingus sebvate,!' ‘iomstivas Samy” Senay “Phe Useful and the Beautiful.” Eaaiaos ANSWERS TO CORRESPONDENTS, &c., &c., &c, All this—sublime conclusion!—for FOUR OENTS. ONTENTS OF THE NEW YORK LEDGER ‘TO BE ISSUED THIS (MONDAY) AYTERNOON, AT ONE O'CLOCK: Number Six of the ” MOUNT VERNON PAPERS, By the Hon, EDWARD EVERETT. AN ANGEL'S SMILE, And other original poems, by JAMES GORDON BENNETT, Faq., Editor of the New York Herald. TO YOUNG MEN IN THE COUNTRY Desiring to seek their fortune in the city, By the Hon, HORACE GREELEY, editor of the New York ‘Tribune. A VISIT TO THE HOME OF JANE EYRE, By Lieutenant Governor RAYMOND, editor of the New York ‘Times. “A CANNON BALL IN THE HAT,” By “One who keeps his Eyes and Ears Open.” “WORDS FOR MUSIC,” By Gen. GEORGE P. MORRIS, of the Home Journal. “THE HIDDEN HAND,” Anew and powerfully written serial, by Mrs. EMMA D. E. N. SOUTHWORTH, author of the “Bride of an Evening,” “ The Deserted Wife,” c., dc. “THE TOMB OF WASHINGTON.” Apoem. By Mrs. SIGOURNEY. “TROUBLE ABROAD.” An Old Coaster's Story. Byan old contributor, An illustrated poem, By THOMAS DUNN ENGLISH. “THE OLD MAN’S DARLING.” Anketch. By Mrs, VAUGHN. “SYMPATHY.” Apoem. By ALICE CAREY. Another instalment of “HARRY MONTFORD.” By SYLVANUS COBB, Jr. “THE COTTER'S SATURDAY NIGHT.” ‘With original Ulustrations. “WIT AND WISDOM.” By Geo. D. Prentice. A Greeting “TO WILLIAM CULLEN BRYANT,” on bis return from Europe, By Wm. Ross Wallace. ¥ “BORDER SUFFERINGS’—A sketch. By Fmerson Beraett, Avotber instalmentot “A TRUE HISTORY OF THE COLONY OF NEW PLY- MOUTH.” By that renowned historian, “I. B.,’" descendant of Anne Bradstreet, commonly called the Tenth Muse, “EVERY-DAY THINGS.” By Fanny Fem. “SAYING AND BRING.” By Mary Forrest, BDITORIA! “Robert Burna.” “General and Eereonal,”" “A Novel and A Word to Ou Miltonaitea ™ e kmmericnne or Negieeet “Ave Useful and the Heautitul. % ANSWERS TO CORP ESPONDENTS, &o., eo, ko, All this~subJime conclusion!—for FOUR CRNTS (ONTENTS OF THE NEW YORK LEDGER. ‘TO BE IS8UED THIS (MONDAY) AFTERNOON, AT ONE O'CLOCR:” Number Biz of the MOUNT VERNON PAPERS, By the Hon. EDWARD § VERETT. AN ANGEL'S SMILE, And other original poems, by JAMES GORDON BENNETT, ‘Eagq., Editor of the New York Herald. TO YOUNG MEN IN THE COUNTRY Desirmg to seek their fortune in the city, By the Hon. HORACE GREELEY, Editor of the New York ‘Tribune. A VISIT TO THE HOME OF JANE EYRE, By Lientenant Gc nor RAYMOND, Editor of the New York ‘Times. “ A CANNON BALL IN THE HAT,” By “One who Keeps his Eyes and Kars Open.” “WORDS FOR MUSIO,” By Gen. GEORGE P. MORRIS, of the Home Journal. “THE HIDDEN HAND,” A new and powerfully written serial, by Mrs. EMMA D. E. N. SOUTHWORTH, author of the “Bride of an Byening,” “The Deserted Wife,” &c., &c. “THE TOMB OF WASHINGTON.” A poem. By Mrs, SIGOURNEY. “TROUBLE ABROAD.” An Old Coaster’s Story. By an old contribu'or. “THE TINKER.” An illustrated poem. By THOMAS DUNN ENGLISH. “THE OLD MAN’S DARLING.” Asketch. By Mrs, VAUGHN. “SYMPATHY.” Apoem. By ALICE CAREY. Another instalment of “HARRY MONTFORD.” By SYLVANUS COBB, Jr. “THE COTTER’S SATURDAY NIGHT.” ‘With original illustrations. “WIT AND WISDOM.’’ By Geo. D. Prentice. A Greeting “TO WILLIAM CULLEN BRYANT,” on his return from Europe. By Wm, Rors Wallace, “BORDER SUFFERINGS"—A sketch. By Emerson Bennett. Another instalment of “A TRUE HISTORY OF THE COLONY OF NEW PLY MOUTH.” By thet renowned historian, “I. B.,” » descendant of Anna Bradstreet, commonly called the Tenth Muse. “EVERY-DAY THINGS.” By Fanny Fern. “SAYING AND BRING.” By Mary Forrest. BDITORIALS. “Robert Barna,” “General and Personal,” “A Novel and Puique Ferinre,’ “rout “Sensation Women,” .. ‘ord to Our Milton Eng) “Tho Useful and the beauuful.”> ANSWERS TO CORRESPONDENTS, &e., te., Ae. All this—sublimo conclusion!~for FOUR CRNTS. ne ‘The Paraguay Expedition—Secret Treaty Between the United States and Buenos Ayres=Civil War in the Confederation of Urquiza—Sketch of Uzquize’s Life and Character=The Military Law in Buenos Ayres=A Political Crisis at Hand—Our Minister Has a Friendly Interview With the Authorities, dic., dic. Our dates from Paraguay are to the 19th, Buenos Ayres the 27th, and Montevideo the 30th of November, Rio Janeiro the 11th, Babia 15th, and Pernambuco the 1ith of December, being in most instances a few days later than our news at this port. O Correio Mercantil of Rio Janeiro, November 25, gives the following paragraph from La Republica of No- eeyters is about to conclude Buenos al jude & our ve wih ke United Shen, wherein the principal clauses are to be that Buenos Ayres will, in case of war with Paraguay, permit the United States to have a depot in their territory; that she will grant to the American tropps free transit by land and river, and that she will aid her ally in whatever may be necessary for the con- quest of Paraguay. The Republica calls tho attention of Brazil, Paraguay, the Argentine Confederation and the Oriental State to this important fact. ‘The Comercio de Plata lays little weight on this news, which it believes to be unfounded. ‘The Correio Mercantil of Dec. 7 says:— The great question of the day is that concorning the Parayguan and American differences. It is believed that President Lopez will finally make concessions. As to the above mentioned news of a secret treaty be- tween Buenos Ayres and North America, all the other papers consider It as unfounded; but the Nacional, of ‘Sr. Gomez, declares that such an alliance would be very convenient. Asa reply to it, the other papers recommend a federa- tion between Brazil, Bolivia, Chile and Paraguay, to the end of neutralizing the influence of the United States. ‘The news from Paraguay is to the 19th of November. ‘The government was preparing for receiving the North American invasion. It seems, however, that all will be terminated by a diplomatic arrangement. The London 7imes of the 7th of January contains the following political and commercial summary:— From Montevideo we learn that part of the United States squadron (for Paraguay) had arrived in port, and ‘were awaiting reinforcements. The squadron was to con- sist of ten steamers, four frigates, three brigs, and three loops. The vessels would, it was expected, leave in the course of afew weeks to seek redress from the Para- guayan government, OUR BUENOS AYRES CORRESPONDENCE. Buenos Ayres, Nov. 27, 1858. Gen. Urquiea—His Origin, Early Life, Promotion—Expe- pedition Against Uraguay—Against Rosas—Revolt of Buenos Ayres—Is made President—Personal <Appear- ance—Personal Habits—Marriage— Possessions—Largest Land Owner in the World—Domestic Habits, Gardens, Birds, Fruits, Yrees—The Friend of the Poor, dc. ‘There is no man south of the equator who is attracting ‘as much attention at this moment as Don Justo José de Urquiza, President of the Argentine Confederation. His history is one ceaseless rebellion against routine. The force that has raised him is within him. He was born in the village of Conception, in the province of Entre Rios, in 1800, of poor and undistinguished parents. His first employment was as clerk or attendant in a pulperia, which, in that country, is a grocery where liquors are sold. He shortly became a proprietor in that business, and was chosen commander of the militia of the village of his residence. He soon became commander of the military department in which ho lived, which gave ‘him the rank of General. In the civil wars that armed. province against province he rose rapidly, until he became ‘the military chief of the province of Entre Rios. ‘When the affairs of Uraguay fn 1851 invited some new foe to terminate a war that was both intestinal and national, Urquiza was placed at the head of the Ar- gentine troops that marched against Oribe, the President of Uraguay. Rosas, thetyrant of Buenos Ayres, had ex- hbausted the endurance of his subjects and his neighbors, and in February, 1852, Urquiza brought his troops, flush- ed with their Uraguayan victories, and drove out Rosas, The fall of Rosas was an utter ruin, and to this day he lin ers anexile. He was not invited to return, thouga nos Ayres in the September following (Sept. 11, 1852), threw off the authority of Urquiza. The return of the province of Buenos Ayres to the confederation is regarde 1 only a8 a question of time, and its temporary loss detracts nothing from the fame of Justo José de Urquiza. In the tine republic (is it not a common thing ia republics?) the military hero became President; and a lengthy constitution, copied very closely from that of the United States, as far as that one goes, hardly prevents the constitutional government from being strictly military. Sarmiento, who knows him well, says:— Urqniza is fifty-eight, tall, stout, with regular rather anterestin nee id Very soft fay. evan” Wes ‘hiss woe de of alter, thor he angry ‘voice does 1 ‘, ug speal more ra- padi, curling his words; bis color does not ‘nor do ‘eyee sparkle. Dor does his brow contract, and He would ap- prne s yn more anger he did not the terri- le consequences correct this im, n 4s in him no sign of dissimul ‘astuteness, energy or aubllety, save a jation, of ry winking of the lett eye, which ia rather a pretension to it than 8 proof of sagacity. Sarmiento calls him tall, others call him short. The rea- son is he is plethoric to roundness and ruddiness, and but for his extreme tem, ce, he would be in danger of apoplexy. Water is the only beverage of himself or his family. He presides at bis own table, serving avery dish with his own hands, and seldom does he appear at his table without seeing at it from twenty to thirty guests or persons having personal business with him. The meals are very plain, and are taken in silence, except as he leads in conversation with some guest. At table his wife, a plain woman and the daughter of a poor man, is at his side, and near her are her children. For many years he distributed his affections extensively, and alarge number of his tem; wives, who belong to the first families of the country, received his divided at- tentions. These are now at their homes, and b; lic decree he has legitimatized all his children, aa e has: only at home the children of his lawful wife. Those a1 under the instraction of a French countess, and are receiv. ing a very excellent education. * rquiza isthe owner of the greater part of the land in the province of Entre Rios, being the landholder in the world. On these lands he has 300, cattle, besides sheep and horses innumerable. He speculates in hides and cattle, and is the owner, in part or wholly, of nearly every store and grocery in the rri- tory. The soldiery buy on credit at these stores, and he takes orders on the treasury for the bills. In his private retreat at San Jose, he has much of the citizen life. The finest gardens in the world smile under his cultivation. All South American birds are domesti- cated or caged in his gardens and halls—some of which are rare, ag the condor and the white vulture. In his gar- dens grow all kinds of fruits, which he sells, a portion even of his palace being devoted to a store.’ Tho sceds are carefully preeerved, and he gives away the young trees by the thousand. ‘The poor come to him, even poor blacks from great distances, to lay their grievances before him; and he gives each one and sympathetic attention. A word of encouragement from him, which he always gives to a cause, is regarded as security of the best kind. He is regarded as the greatest man in South America, BvENos Avnus, Nov. 27, 1858. Military Affairs—New Law—Sepoys— Few Criminals—Po- lice Reports—Sentenced to Serve—Sons of Fureigners— Recent Alarms—Benavides’ Assassination His Charac ter, dhe. In this country, whore military government hardly over gives place to the civic, and where, in times of p foundest quiet, the resort to arms is sudden and impe tant, the question of the constitution of the army is oue of great interest. Tt was long a mystery to me as to what bonds heli to- gether South American armies. I give you as much of the solution ag Ican gather from the late law on that subject. As in gome parts the sky ie darkening for a martial siorm, it pay interest you. The Legislature, just before its recent adjournment, ro vised eomewhat tho law concerning recruits. Tho fol lowing is an extract from the law of Oetober 30, 1858:— Article 1. The Executive fs authorized to expend the aum o: two millions of dollars in recruiting beyond St man: he one thouraud woldiers, io Gil the vacancies ia tho raake of the standing army. Yn this article the amount of two millions of dollars is about $100,000 of United States currency. It is gaid in this city that the only thing that will prevent the Sepoys of India from being enroiled in our army will be their re fusal to come—that better clothing and feaes par wean he home service, and a free passage, will be the chief in- ducements. Tho only doubt is as to the Sepoys being will ing to serve again in a Christian army. Ships are en route that will bring them if they wiil come. ‘The second method of recruiting is recited in the second article, as follows:— ‘Vagabonda, &c , who are found regularly on work! ange spenditg thelr tim in iaverns or. gambling houses, All who use knives or other weapons In the capital or any of the country towns, or all who Are convicted of minor, assaalta, O° w , shail be condemned to servies tn the ranks ‘eos than two years vor more than fon It {s to be supposer, of course, that other reasons than these eometimer lead men into the army; but when it is considered that offenders of the kind hero pointed out are numerous, the character of a large portion of the army becomes known, But a foreigner ought not to read this article without being Informed that brawls and are far leas numerous among Spaniards than among English or Americans. The column of police reports, aa filled up on one gcaaion day jn Now York or Chicago, would not be equally filled in Buenoe Ayres in six months. In a year’s residenceThave 1 not sequ Or known of a street quarrel, of even loud street except once by adrunken man, or a crowd follow. ing a to the jail, ‘There was a disturbance in | a yesterday, but it was an Englishman abusing | some Sloop quarrels zeidom occur. Butto be sentenced to serve in thearmy. To be | to defend the country. Does it not sound strange? Here are no provisions for lengthy imprisonments, and the of punishment is shooting, exile, sery- gradation be 2 the army, brief imprisonment and flues. has long been an anxious question here as to whether sons of foreigners are required to be enrolled in the Na- tional Guard. By treaty, in the Argentine Confederation, the son of the Englishman chooses his nationality at his majority; but Buenos Ayres bas made no such treaty, so ‘that a large number of men who have never been enroll- ed are now required to hold themselves in readiness for military service. ‘The recent alarms in our own midat, and the ber rm ing ‘of Argentine affairs, have suggested to our antriie great Vigilance in carrying out the provisions 10 jaw. Incougruous as are the elements of the military force, desertions and rebellions very seldom occur, At the head of the War Department some of the finest minds in tho country are to be found, and military rauk is as valua- ble here as in North America. ‘Unless in case of imminent peril there are classes of citizeng.exempt from service—svuch as the clergy, physi- ciape, Jawyers, teachers of schools and sextons of chur ‘And it is singular how safe, amid all revolu- tions, the peaceable foreigner may remain. Our papers from the interior contain praises and cen- sures upon the assassination of General Benavides in the San Juan prigon. As a semblance of justitication, a letter Of bis ig published, dated July 7, 1842, addressed to Gen. in which he narrates the execution of a young nap, Ciriaco La Madrid, who had surrendered to the au- torities under capitulation, and whose only crime was that bis father, who resided'in Chile, was opposed. to this (then Rosas) government, This is claimed to be an illua- tration of his character, is far from being the only stain of the kind. ‘We wait with interest the unfoldings of the Argentine drama, An article in the Orden (a paper frieatly vo Ur- quiza), says 1859 will inaugurate new and strange events; a crisis, and a fearful one, is at hand. ister Ben. C. Yancy left this city this morning for Parana, the capital of the Confederation, where he will reside.’ He has won golden opinions among his new ac- guaintances here. His unoflicial interview with the au- orities of this government, accompanied by Hon. W. H. Hodson, the United States Consul, was a very pleasant one, ‘and though he brought no official communications, and could hold no official relations, yet the interview was most kindly interpreted by the officers of State. OUR PERNAMBUCO CORRESPONDENCE. Pervampvco, Brazil, Dec. 17, 1853. Arrival of the Grey Feather with the Crew of a Burned Eng- lish Ship—The Paraguay Bepéditio », «e:. On the morning of the 9th inst. the ship Grey Feather, Capt, Harford, of New York, bound for Culifornia, arrived in the outer roads of this port, with a largo number of ‘passengers, ‘When in latitute fifteen degrees north, the Grey Feather encountered a large English ship on fire, which turned out to be the Meroo, of 1,000 tons, bound from Calcutta to Lon- don, and having a valuable cargo, estimated at forty thou- sand pounds sterling. The Grey Feather succeeded in saving the lives of the crew—twenty-eight persons—and all their baggage, but none of tho cargo. In afew hours after the timely arrival of the American ship the Meroo ‘was burnt to the waters edge. The health of Pernambuco continues good; it is better than that of any other of the seaport towns in the Brazila. ‘The yellow fever has entirely disappeared. Ihave already advised you of the departure hence of the Fulton, Water Witch and Harriet Lane steamers for the Paraguay expedition. The latter arrived at Rio 4th of De- cemaber [as previously announced in the HERALD). As yet we have no tidings of those that are to follow, though ‘we expect them daily. e American ship California Packet has boen con- demned in this port, and will be sold ina few days. The ship Medford wili likely be condemned also, Both ships are wholly unfit for sea,andto repair them would cost more than they are worth, twice told. CONDITION OF THE CONFEDERATION. ‘The Buenos Ayres Nacional of the 2ith of November has the following résumé of the political affairs of the Con- federation of Urquizas— The Confederation of Urquiza isin the midst of a civil war, Our foreign readers will sec now that we estimated well ‘these events when we announced them in the past month, that ihe antagonism existing between the institutions and the personal government of Urquiza bad arrived at a frog meee a ap ogrheapetrndb sinimpeny ton bok pr one ot the elements in question. ‘ ‘The election of second President of the Confederation was a trial through which the organization given by Ur- quiza to the provinces had to pass. Either this organization was d and the institutions would be realized, and the in the exercise of their rights would carry out what the government charged them with, or this organization was bad, and the tyranny of the personal government imposing on'the country man- dates that they disowned, were about to witness the farce of its institutions. ‘The people placed themselves in a position to obtain the former result; the pei government prepared them- selves for the latter. ‘The elements of the personal government in the pro- vinces are the remains of the bygone times of the ty- ranny of Rosas, his old partisans and assassins, Urquiza’s pereonal government endeavored to carry the sway with the same clements in the provinces, commenc- ing by his endeavor to place the four western under the rule of Nazario Benavides, the same chioftian that tyran- ized over them in the time of Rosas, and the villain who was not content with assassinating the patriots Acha, La Ma- drid and Frias, but exposed their head for public exhi- bition in the highways, and this after a milif capitula- tion, when all their lives were guaranteed by the said Be- navides. ‘Tis chieftian of the west found great opposition from the constitutional government of the province of San Juan, composed of upright and energetic men, who would not submit to his interference in public matters; therefore he had no remedy but to commence his work by attempting to overthrow this government. But surprised in their treacherous undertaking, and at the same time there having been discovered deposits of arms and ammunition in his house, likewise meetings of suepicious character, he was taken prisoner and put at the disposal of the tribunais, ‘Urquiza at once saw plainly his personal government in jeopardy in case Benavides was tried, when his con: ‘against the rights of the People would be % knowing that in this Benavides acted but as his agent, and that in reality the blame would be laid at his aoor, he did everything in his power to secure the person of Benavides from the action of the law and justice. The constitution of Urquiza’s confe establishes: as a principle that the general government of the confeder- ation has no right to interfero in the matters of the pro- vinces, except with the object of supporting the local government of any province against a disturbance. In this case the disturbance had already been suffocated by the local government, and the revolutionary charac- ters imprisoned and judged, so that there was no call for any intervention in favor of the government; still General Urquiza, violating double-fold the constitution which he had sworn, not only interferes, but does so against the government and in favor of the revolntioniets, ‘The constitution of the Confederation sets forth that the governors in their respective provinces are the agents of the general government for all the acts taking piace in them. But, setting at deflance this constitutional right, General Urquiza sends a commission to San Juan to act there ag agent to the general government, aud thus ride rough shod over the governor of that province; and, to complete the scandal, the said commission comprises Bal- domero Garcia, one of the miserable wretches most con- spicuous a8 servile to Rosas, to the constitution of the Confederation the Presideut is prohibited from taking any part in judicial matters; but at the same time Urquiza authorizes the com- mission to place the person of Benavides beyond the power of the tribunals of San Jinn. The province of San Joan maintaius its rights, and then is attacked by force of arms to secure the person of Bena- vides from juatice. At two o'clock in the morning, after a most tempestuous night, the eity of San Juan is atiacked in various quarters by organized and armed men from Urquiza’s forces, who aiterwards make their way to the prison where Benavides is confined. In the attack on the jail, the captain of the guard, D. Mariano Godoy, 18 assassinated, others are killed ‘and wounded, asd the guard is overcome. About 4 dozen mon who defended the upper stories of where Benavides was confined still offered re- out they are at length overcome: then the pris- vors to escape from tue hands of justice, when the citizens, roused by the continued reports of firearms, run to the assistance of the guard, kill Benavides, and dis- perse the aggressors, who retreat dismayed at the death of their chieftain, Urquiza, mad at the defence of the ii off his mask, getting aside all constitutions aud laws, de- clares bimseif open enemy of the government of San Juan, and with his forces makes an attack on the city. Atthe last dates the province of San Juan remained combatting the inv forces of Gen. Urquiza, determin- ed_to conquer or die in the struggle. Those are the latest advices received from the interior, and on their result depend the future events of the Con- federation and the destiny of Urquiza. The remnants of the federal or Rosas also attempt. ed to disturb the public tranquility in this province, avail- ing themselves of a religious excitement produced by the installation of some Masonic lodges, and setting themselves out as the sustainers of religion threatened by the Masons, with the existence of whom these rascals blamed the gov- ernment—men whose only religion is pillage and biood- their sacriloge to the altars, The ikea pre eee ir rome who were immediately Waperaed by tho noighbors, the Princtpal ringleaders seized and delivered over to justice. The chambers have closed their soasions with another blow to the fedoral party—namely, in the reforma- of the law of military pensione—by which, are con- red meritorious solely the services in the cause of berty, excluding as unworthy of any premium the ser- ‘vices rendered in the time of tyranny. The government has again convoked the chambors to an extraord! Session, to resolve the project of a I which has for ite object ‘the guarantee of an an rest om the capital employed in the construction of @ rail- road to Ran Fernando, ‘This State remaing in perfect tranquillity and prosperity, Proving {ts onward march and indifference w Urquiza’s differentia! duties, in corroboration of which it will be suf tutions, throws | October, 1858, ficient to quote vbe custom house revenve for the month of October juet paet, comparing it with that for the game month in the two preceding years. October, 3856,.... October, 1867, ‘These’ figures ‘speal comment, und show plainly to the eyes onward march of Buenos Ayres. Exchange for the present mail commenced at 42d,, and Advanced to 42344., but the closing rate was 42)44. por current dollar. “About £80,000 For. nian! tured goods @ stight improvement was visible in the de- mand. Saladeros had rot commenced operations op an extensive scale, and prices were merely nominal, but a heavy killing season was stil anticipated, the weather having become favorable for cattle. Freighte generally were the same as last month. We bave no poiitical news from Buenos Ayres, our ual files of papers not havin; fe -oBle aving come to hand by this Heavy Gale at Sea, THE FIRST MATE AND SEAMAN OF THE EMERALD WASHED OVERBOARD—OTHER SEAMEN BADLY IN- JURED, ETC. We recently gave a detailed account of the loss of the Britich bark Frauklin in a severe gale, We have since Jearned of numerous severe losses at sea about the same time, and of dreadful stormy weather generally on the Atlantic. The American ship Emerald, Captain William Cook, with a general cargo, from London, arrived in this port on Saturday forenoon after a severe, stormy passage, with the loss of her first mate anda seaman, who were woshed overboard, sod with several of her crew budly bruised—the effects of the storm. The Emerald left London on the 2d of December and the Downs on the 6th. After the ship had got fairly to sea the wind became very stormy. From the 16th to the 28d the wind blew a perfect hurricane from W. N. W. to W.S.W. On the 21st the day commenced with thick cloudy weather, blowing a moderate gale, wind veering to8. E., with heavy rain; barometer stood’ at 29.00. At GP. M. the wind increased and shifted to8. W., which obliged them to take in ny and mizen topsail and reef main course. At nine o’clock they took in fore and main course and lower topsail, wind continuing to blow fear- fully from S. W. At eleven o’clock they took in foretopeail, and hove to; the wind was blowing very violently, with a a heavy sea running, causing the ship to lurch badly and shipping considerable water; carried@away main spen- cer, lifted and split forestaysail; wind round to northwest; barometer at 28.30 at six o’clock next morning. During sixteen hours of the gale the barometer wae as low as as 27.50. At the commencement of the gale the ship was in 26 degrees west longitude, and drifted to 20 degrees be- fore it moderated. THE 8ECOND GALE. ‘The morning of the last of December began with fresh ales from eastward, At4P. M. the ship rolied tremen- ously in a confused sea running from all points of the compass. ‘they took in every sail but the fore and , main lower topsails and foretopmast staysail. and reefed foresail. At eight o'clock the win came out from the north in a perfect hurricane, which obliged the captain to keep ship off to southwest by south to save the spars. At ten o’clock they shipped a sea which washed overboard the chief mate and one of the seamen. The mate, Mr. Henry Guyson, was a native ot Belgium. He had his residence when ashore in Furman street, Brooklyn, where the news of the husband’s loss was con- ‘veyed to his wife on Saturday about the time she fondly anticipated his return. He had been on watch from eight o'clock, and had only been on the quarter deck about a quarter of an hour when the sea washed everything off e ship. He was much respected on board, and his sud- den death cast a gloom over the ship the remainder of the ‘voyage. vid King, the seaman that was lost at the same time, was a native of Providence, Rhode Island. He ‘was at the lee wheel at the time the sea came over the ‘to let go, and in an instant was washed away, and, with the mate, was forever beyond the reach of human aid. ‘Tom Eyre, who was at the weather wheel at the time, was algo forced to let go his hold. He was thrown over the wheel to leeward and had his leg broken, He was ‘aught in the chains, which tore a large piece of fleah from his thigh; it was sufficient resistance, Se to 120m, who Remiaatal " Rarpeerig deck Youses, and washing away ats oot teoen: stove who did go at great risk of thelr lives. The foretopmast Btaysail Blew into ribbons, and the foresail and foretop- ‘sail went overboard. ‘The captain and crew of the Emerald say they never ‘experienced such weather during the course of their expe- During the gales they saw a great man: ships “lying to,”” trying to ride out the storm; but, in probability, from some of them an unpleasant account will be heard. ‘The Central Park Skating Pond Yesterday. Agreater number of persons visited the skating pond yesterday than on any preceding day this winter. The ice was in excellent order, except near the edges; and though dissatisfaction was generally expressed at the absence of chairs, good refreshments and other matters, to which we have previously called the attention of the Commissioners, the people enjoyed themselves greatly, and, as has thus far. been constantly the case, with com- mendable good nature. Not a quarrel was observed during the day, and but one man appeared to be intoxi- cated. He was promptly persuaded to leave the ground as soon as observed by a policeman. Coffee and cake and segar pedlers—some on skates—carrying their wares in ge. \. were wet to the neck, CE Re Ae the police and taken To the shantise, where. Ores Seo ted A duty, im most cases disarmed ail disposition to resistance. ‘Tne few rowdies who were inclined to delay the pro- ceeding toon found themselves quietly | separated from the rest of the crowd, and were glad to take the first opportunity offered them to retreat to the shore. Every digposition to accommodate the public, as far as re- gard to its safety and good order, and the means at com- mand allow, has been shown by the officers; and 90 long an this is the case, and the people are made aware of it, there will be no difficulty in enforcing any requirement which may be thought necessary, Ni who have experienced the attentions of the police during the last fortnight, lent their efficient aid, by passing the word along before them, aud setting an example of ready and cheerful compliance with their directions. In about fifteen minutes after tke order was given the whole surface of sixteen acres of ico was entirely clear of skaters, and certainly not Jess than ten thousand persons wore on the Way to the different public conveyances to- wards the city, whicb, for hours, were unable to entirely accommodate them. ‘If the Harlem Railroad Company would provide trains to run between Twenty seventh and Seventy-ninth streets, at certain Lours, it would be of great service to the park goers. The pond is now at ite full height, which it has not been before, and though its shores are incompletely excavated and formed, the great beanty of their outiine cannot fail to strike every visiter. Many forelga gentlemen were on the ice yesterday, and i was generally observed that there was no artilicial water in Europe which could com- pare with it in picturesqueness. ‘The pond Wak swept last night, and wilt be in fine skating order to day, City Inteilgenee, Tuxess or EX-Mayvor KincsLaxp,—EX-Mayor Ambrose C. Kingsland has been confined to his bed for several days past, at his residence, No. 114 Fifth avenue, suffering irom a severe attack of gout in the stomach. At ono ime the symptoms of his disease were of such a nature sg toreem to forewarn his carly disgolution, but last ‘evening he was convalescent. SuNpDay IN THR MetRorous.—Yesterday was a pleasant day—rather cool, yet bright and pleasant overhead. The bmn Were generally well fame sank or wor law was ol jy, and the liquor tores and arroome Were elsaod. Tho fast inen,. With heir fast horses, were out in scores w the road; the latter being ta excellent condition, and the air, cool and bag 39 a clear sky, made time pass away plensant: . city cars and the ferry boats did a large ees, it may be said that the day passed off unusually quiet. ‘Tae Corrse Fouxp at tie Hunsow Riven Raitroap Deror.—We published, a week ago, notice of the arrival at the dey of the Hudson River Raiiroad of a box containing a corpse, which, it was reported, was incor- rectly labelled, Upon investigation it appears that the corpse was not incorrectly directed, and did not purport to be otHfer than what it really was, Oranon on Roverr Brens.—To-night Henry Ward Beecher will deliver an oration on Robert Burns, the Scot ish poet, at the Cooper Institute, under the auspices of the Burne Club of this city. ‘The oocaston will douvtless bring togotber a large assemblage of the admirers of Sco: ‘We's bard, Impending Rupture Between France and Austria. THE CRISIS IN ITALY. WAR EXCITEMENT THROUGHOUT EUROPE, THE CUBAN QUESTION IN SPAIN. The Speeches of Marshal O'Donnel! and Senor Olozaga Against the Sale of the Island, Stogular Diselosures Relative to Overend and Gurney and Two Notorious Bankrupts, &., &., bo. The news by the Europa, a portion of which we pub- lished yesterday, is of more importance than any we hayo received since the financial revulsion of 1857. We, there- fore, deem it necesgary to give copious extracts relative to the question which is now exciting the whole of Exrope : the Italian question and the threatened rupture between France and Austria. ‘The Liverpool Times of the 8th inst. comments, in a long editorial, on the recent shipment of European passengers from the United States for the purpose of being returned to their native lands. The writer denies that the govern- ment or corporate authorities of Great Britain ever sent out paupers here as such. He acknowledges that the ma- jority of t'e volunta: y emigrants are poor, but healthy, when they arrive, and are thus a source of wealth to this country; and continues to argue that it is unfair to exile ‘them from it when disabled by premature age or infirmity, brought on by change of climate or constant labor in our manufactortes, fields or public works. A) rests 0° persons charged with belonging to “Phoenix Clubs,” or other secret societies, continued in Ireland. On Monday and Tuesday, the 8d instant, the police appre- hended seven persons in Callan and Kikenny, and the Prisoners have been remanded by the magistrates, and confined in Kilkenny jail. The examinations were pri- vate, and nothing is known of the evidence which has been given. Oneof the prisoners is a leather merchant, named Hawe, living im Kilkenny, who is said to be char,c¢ with administering the illegal oaths. Tho others appear to be young men of the same class with those ar- rested elsewhere, none of them being described as pea- sants or farmers. In Kilkenny two young men, named Kavanagh, residing in Bridge street, and a married man (name not given), who had recently returned from Ame- rica, were placed in the prison by the police, ‘The Paris Patric, ot January 1, speaking of the visit made on board of the American steamer Washington by the Leopard and the Valorous, says that if the perquiei- tion madeon board of that steamer is not fully justified by the Clayton-Bulwer treaty, it can yet be explained by the special convention entered upon by England.and Nica- Tagua, and which binds the former to guarantee the neu- trality of the Isthmus and protect the latter against the invasion of filibusters, ‘The Précurseur, of Antwerp, announces that in a mect- ing of the Board of Steam Navigation Company, between Antwerp and New York, held on the 4th of January, it ‘was decided to submit some proposals to the Belgian Mi- nister of Foreign Alfairs for the re-opening of that trans- atlantic line of steamers. It is to be hoped, Says the Pré- curseur, that the government will come to the assistance of the company, in order to revive an enterprise which can greatly contribute to the developemient of our com- merce. ‘The Paris Monileur of the 4th inst. publishes a letter from Count d’Alton Shee, President of the European Com- mittee of the Galveston to Houston and Henderson Rail- way, with reference to the note in the Monileur, contra- dicting the assertion contained in a printed circular, to the effect that the “ governinent, after a profound examina- tion of the affair, had approved of it.” The letter says that the assertion in question was not addressed to the public by advertisement in any newspaper, but was simpiy made in a circular to the bankers of the enterprise; and that ag, after an investigation made by the syndicate of the agents de change and the cashier of the Finance De partment, the Minister of Finance had not opposed the issue of 6,000 bonds of the railway, the directors had be- lieved themselves authorized to make that assertion. The Moniteur, in publishing the letter, says: “‘ We must repeat that nothing could authorize the company to make the de- claration referred to;”’ and that, “as it was completely inexact and caiculated to mislead subscribers, it was the duty of the government to contradict it.”” Ex-Commissioner Yeh is still in Calcutta. He refuses | to receive any visiters, and endeavors to believe, and im- press others with the belief, that he is of a race more in- tellectual and far superior, in every way, to those around him. THE CRISIS IN ITALY. Impending War on the Continent of Europe— Threatened Rupture Between France and Aus- tria—Alliance Between Russia, France and Sardinia—Neutrality of England~The Very Latest News, ée., &e., THE CONDITION OF ITALY. the London Continental Review of January. can be no question but that Austria and France g I struggle. creased severity on her part, and the daily life of the two nations in Italy has become one unending series of petty skirmishes. The Italians have given up their favorite luxury of smoking, lest the tobacco duty should swell the Austrian revenue. The Archduke could not give # ball on Christmas day, because no one would go. ly he ap- peared in his box at the opera the audience would have re- tired en masse had not the police prevented them from quitting the theatre. On the other band, Madam Ristori has been refused her passport for Naples because she is supposed, in the character of Judith, to have appealed to the patriotism of the Italians. The University of Pavia bas been practically broken up, because the students were suspected of revolutionary designs. Everything is ripe for an outbreak, and the most serious of all the symptoms is, that those who have most influence with the Italians promise their supporters that if they will but avoid par- Ual and uneonnected insurrections @ the winter, they shall be rewarded with a great war tthe spring. There is adefinite time fixed, until which the Lombards are asked to wait, and it will not be easy to hold them in any longer if the spring comes and they find themselves di- inted. it we must not look only to the Lombards. The Italians might revolt and be crushed. Austria is not weaker than she was, and she bas often come out the con- queror from an Italian revolt. But we must add to the in- terests of Italy the interests of France. which Louis Napoleon could do which would hold out so great a promise of advantage to him, as to quarrel with Austria, and assert himself as the champion of Italian in- dependence. It would give \aoiedin his army; it would take off the attention of the public from the great difficulties under which the empire is laboring; it would give him popularity with the mation that is most prolific of the assassing whom he dreads; and it would help to throw over the empire that alr of mock liberalism which it is one of his groatest wishes to impart sys- tem with which his name is connected his iso tolere. bly certain that Austria war. A military council i li it even taken the strong measure of municipalities to buy the government lorger towns—a measure which can have no other Uhan that of ensuring the safety of these buildings in surrection, by making them the propert; the tioniets, itis possible that the Austr ht ‘out of those towns, and then return to them if the turned. In outs We tony would ond the precaution by which all bey coh fe them NT Hess ik must alvo be added tt \netria refaree all conces. ont. She has only very created Dew feel Ditterners in Lombardy by ao moreased severity cx i pal tage ;