The New York Herald Newspaper, January 7, 1859, Page 4

4 NEW YORK HERALD. JAMES GORDON BENNETT, EDITOR AND PROPRIETOR. OFFICE N. W. CORNER OF FULTON AND NASSAU STS 18, cash in cdoance. Money sent. by mait will beat the pik af ths conten Podiage damgonst received as vubscription THE DAILY HERALD, tro cents per 1, ST per annum. THE WEEKLY HERALD, every Saturday, at six cents per copy, or $3 per annum; the European Edition $4 per aanwin to any part of Great or $5 to any part of the iment, Iciude ° THE FAMILY HERALD, every Wednesday, at four cents per $2 per annum. MOLUNPARY CORRESPONDENCE, containing important solicited from an; Cad of the world; if used, will be “Derully paid’ for. Bg-OUN FouRIGN OORRESPONDENTS ARE Parmouaniy Reqdasrep To Beat aL Levins aX Pack: ‘AGES: INT US. TISEMENTS ed every day: advertisements in- ae tn the Warne Hewat, Fawity fizatp, and tn the itions. ‘NO NOTICE taken of anonymous correspondence. We do not return rejected communications. Volume XXTV........:ccsceereeseeseeeeneee No.6 AMUSEMENTS THIS EVENING. ACADEMY OF MUSIC, Fourteenth street—Itatian OPERA —Nozzi pi Figaako, a sm BROADWAY THEATRE, Broadway—Equrstrian, Gy Mastic AND AcRonatio Frats—CLowN 1x 4 Banner's Suor. BOWERY THEATRE, Bowery—Jonatnan Brapvrorp— Asrnoper—C. a 1APTAIN K YD. BURTON'S NEW THEATRE, Broadway.—Houncusack— Baier Divertisexent—Maip or Munstsu. WALLACK’S THEATRE, Broadway.—Mencnant or Ve- mon. LAURA KEENF’S THEATRE, No. 624 Broadway.—Ovur Awenican Cousin—Tux Margixp Rake. BARNUM’S AMERICAN MUSEUM, Broadway—After- ‘noon and Evening—Ben Bott—Har.equin ViLLaGEn. ‘WOOD'S MINSTREL BUILDING, 561 and 563 Broadway— Ernioriax BonGs, Dances, &c.—New Year Cats, MECHANICS’ HALL, 427-Broadway—Bry ants’ MINSTRELS —NaxcGxo Songs axp BuRLESQUES—SuYLOCK. CAMPBELL MINSTRELS, 444 Broadway.—Ermioriay Cuaxactgxistics, Sones, &c.—Dovsix Beppe Room. New York, Friday, January 7, 1859, ‘To Paper Manufacturers and Agents. The proprietor of the New York HeRAup wants to make @rrangements for a constant supply of printing paper, Buch as the Hxraxp is printed upon, to the amount of 1,000 to 1,200 reams per week, payable in cash at the end of each week. Apply immediately. MAILS FOR EUROPE. ‘The New York Herald—Editien for Europe. The mail steamship Fulton, Capt. Wotton, will leave this port to-morrow, at noon, for Southampton and Havres ‘The European mails will close in this city at half-past ten o’clock to-morrow morning. The European edition of the Hzrarn, printed in French and English, will be published at ten o’clock in the morn- ing. Single copies, in wrappers, six cents. Subscriptions and advertisements for any edition of the Naw Yorx Hens will be received at the following places in Europe:— Loxpon.... Sam} Low, Son & Oo., 47 Ludgate Hill Lanting, Starr’ te Co., 74 King William street. Parm....... ‘Lansing, Baldwin & o., 8 de la Bourse, Lansing, Starr & Co., No. 9 Chapel street. R. Stuart, 10 Exchange street, East. Lansing, Baldwin & Co., 21 Rue Corneille. De Chapeaunge & Co. ‘The contents of the European edition of the Heratp will @ombine the news received by mail and telegraph at the ‘effice during the previous week and up to the hour of publication. The News. General Henderson, chief of the Marine Corps, died at Washington, very suddenly, yesterday. He had been in the service half a century. In Congress yesterday the Leavenworth consti- tution, recently adopted by a convention of citi- zens of Kansas, was presented in the Senate, and referred to the Committee on Territories. The bill appropriating $5,000,000 to liquidate claims for French spoliations was taken up, and Mr. Critten- den made a long speech in its support, urging the justice of the claims, and showing how the govern- ment is pledged for their liquidation. The debate on the Pacific Railroad bill was then resumed, and continued until the adjournment. In course of the debate, Mr. Iverson, of Georgia, indulged in a bit of fanfaronade about abolitionism, sectionalism, se- cession, and the like, and endeavored to startle the Senate by the assurance that Georgia, one of these days, in certain contingencies, will do something dreadful. In the House a bill providing for the Territorial government of Colona, embracing the newly discovered gold producing region in the Northwest, was introduced and referred. Joint re- solutions were reported authorizing the pay- ment of the salaries of our Ministers of Hon- duras, Costa Rica and the Argentine Confederation, and granting our Consul at Japan and his interpreter permission to receive presents from the British government. In Committee of the Whole, Mr. John Cochrane explained his bill on the codification of the revenue laws, and the far- ther consideration of the subject was postponed till next week. The Indian Appropriation bill was then debated. During the discussion, Mr. Phelps, chairman of the Committee of Ways and Means, warned the House that if Congress failed to pro- vide the means for carrying on the government, either by loan, ssue of Treasury notes, a modifi- cation of the tariff, or by all these means, an extra session during the coming summer was inevitable. Several of the annual reports of our State offi- cers have already been presented to the Legisla- ture. The report of the Superintendent of the Banking Department is published in to-day's paper. Its interest and importance will ensure it an atten- tive perusal by every business man in the commu- nity. Whatever may be said of our system of banking, the security it affords to billholders is ap- parent in the simple statement that the entire loss during the past three years is but $7,989. We have received the report of the State Comptroller, and shall publish it as soon as circumstances per- mit. But little of importance occurred in the Legisla- ture yesterday. In the Senate notice was given of a bill amending the law relative to harbor masters of this port; also, of a bill granting $100,000 to the Inebriate Asylum. In the Assembly notice was given of bills to compel all country banks to re- deem their notes at par in New York; for a regis- tration of voters; reorganizing our Almshouse De- partment; and amending excise laws of this city. ‘The School Commissioner was called on for certain facts relating to the New York High School. ‘The Tammany General Committee for the year 1859 met for the first time last evening, and organ- ized by electing Isaac V. Fowler as permanent chairman. There was only one cBntested seat, upon which a committee was appointed who will report at the next meeting, which will be held two week hence. No other bnsiness was transacted. A Spaniard named Felix Sanchez, residing in Bullivan street, in a fit of jealousy, as is supposed, yesterday morning killed his father-indaw by stab- bing him with a sword, and immediately after, with the same weapon, inflicted severe wounds upon his wife and mother-in-law. The particulars of this horrible tragedy are given in another column. At last accounts Sanchez had not been arrested by the police. Judge Lott, in the Kings county Supreme Conrt yesterday rendered a decision by which the autho- rities of this city are perpetually enjoined from granting to any company or persons permission to “run locomotives.on the Fourth avenue south of Forty-second street. The first evening service ever held in Trinity church was celebrated last evening—that being the Feast of the Epiphany, or manifestation of Christ to the Gentiles. There was a very large body of f Smagmen w attendance, as was also the Right Rev. Bishop Potter. The service was deeply interesting, 4 and the large edifice was crowded to its utmost ca pacity by the worshippers present. We supply a report of the proceedings in another part of our paper. The Board of Aldermen adjourned last evening without doing any business, there not being a quo- rum present. They meet again on Monday evening. It was expected that some action would be taken with reference to the selection of a City Inspector in place of Mr. Morton, whose term expired Dec. 31, 1858, and there were rumors that any nominations made by the Mayor would be defeated. The names of Dr. Foster and Dr. Sanger were mentioned as the Mayor's appointees. é The Police Commissioners yesterday created a new precinct, to be called the City Hall precinct, including the present Mayor's squad, which is abo- lished, and the six men detailed to Judge Welsh’s Court. Captain James Leonard was appointed to the command of the new precinct. The action of the Board was unanimous. The Commissioners of Emigration held their weekly meeting on Wednesday. The returns showed 244 emigrants arrived from the Ist to the 5th of January inst., against 706 compare! with 1858. There has been a decrease of 105,184 inalien passengers landed at this port compared with last year. There is now in bank, to the credit of the Commutation Fund, $5,658 28. The inland pas- sage tickets sold by E. 8. Flynn, of Liverpool, and by his agents, H. Hitchins & Co., Sabel & Searl, and George Percival — alluded to in our last report as fraudulent—have since been accepted by McDo- nald & Bischoff, the successors of L. Lorenz, as agents of the Pennsylvania Central Railroad. The Grand Jury were empannelled yesterday in the Court of General Sessions, and, after listening to a brief charge from the City Judge on the usual topics, entered upon the discharge of their duties. The case of Lemuel S. Slater against Fernando Wood—a suit for damages occasioned by the City Hall riots of June, 1856—was concluded yesterday in the Superior Court, and given to the jury, who, at a late hour, had not agreed upon a verdict. An interesting address on “The Fisheries of North America” was delivered by Abraham Gesner, M.D., before the Geographical Society last eve- ning, a sketch of which appears in another column. The Chamber of Commerce met last evening in Clinton Hall. The reports of the committees in reference to Mayor Tiemann’s proposal regarding the location of Quarantine, and the memorial to Congress for the enacting of laws holding masters of vessels responsible for collisions in case of ne- gligence on their part, were submitted and adopt- ed. A report of the proceedings may be found in another column. We have news from Barbadoes to the 17th ult: Our correspondent writes:—“Markets very much glutted with American imports, and sales light. Meal (700 bbls.) sold to-day at $4 54; flour dull at $6 50 for Ohio extra; brown bread $3 25, in lots; crackers $3 124 a $3 25; pork $20 a $20 50; rice $4 10. Weather favorable for the growing crop, which now bids fair to be an average one, but will be very late. No shipments can go forward before the last of February or first of March. Health of the island remains remarkably good, and weather delightfully cool and bracing.” We have files of papers from Port au Prince to the 18th ult. They, however, contain no political news or general intelligence of iuterest. The markets were very animated, coffee having ad- vanced from $114 to $117. The delivery was 6,423 bags, weighing 787,208 pounds. Logwood was quoted at $50, but had been sold at $60, with de- liveries of 113,500 pounds. At Aux Cayes, on the 4th ult., provisions had slightly declined in price. Coffee was quoted at $110 a $112. Logwood was in demand at $55 a $60. At Jeremie,on the 14th ult., business was without animation. The stock of provisions at Gonaives had been increased. Coffee, on the 4th ult.,was scarce at $117 a $118. There is no news from Cape Haytien or Jacmel. The sales of cotton yesterday embraced about 2,500 bales, closing without change in prices. Flour was firm for common and medium grades, while extra brands were steady, and sales made to a fair extent. There wasa good demand for Southern brands, and at steady prices. Among the sales were some parcels taken for export to the West Indies. Wheat was firmly held for prime lots, with moderate sales, at prices given in another column. New mixed Western corn sold at 77c., and new yellow Jersey and Southern at 78c.; old Western mixed was held at 80c., and 78¢c. bid. Pork was in good demand for the settlement of contracts, with tolerably free sales, at rates given in another column. Sugars were firm, with sales of about 826 hhds. and 500 boxes, at rates given in another place. Naval stores were firmer and more active. Coffee was quiet, but firm. There were some few more freight engagements for Liverpool and London, at unimproved rates. The Public Finances=The Administration and Congress, In his late annual message to Congress Mr. Buchanan forcibly exhibits the straitened con- dition of the treasury, which may be summed up as follows, in reference to the ensuing fiscal year:— Estimated receipt: $62,000,000 00 Estimated balance 7,063,208 57 Total estimated means. $69,003,208 67 Estimated expenditures, 73,189,147 46 Deficiency « $4,075,848 89 Add Post Oftice deficiency. ,728 00 And the general deficit is increased to... $7,914,576 89 To meet this estimated deficiency, and to pro- vide for the additions which will be made in the appropriations of Congress, as well as to pro- vide for the gradual redemption, from year to year, of the outstanding Treasury notes, the Pre- sident and his Secretary of the Treasury agree in urging “such a revision of the present tariff as will raise the required amount,” which, all told, will swell the general deficiency, no doubt, at least fifteen millions; nay, more. As Mr. Cobb has evidently strained himself to make both ends meet, and has thus reduced his estimated ex- penditures to the lowest figure, and his estimated receipts to the largest probability, we should not be surprised were he to fall short for the ap- proaching fiscal year full twenty millions of dollars. In his estimate of receipts, too, he includes the ten millions, still unborrowed, of the Twenty Million Loan bill of the last session—an item which will augment the public debt to $65,000,- 000. In view of this indebtedness, which “has increased, is increasing and must be diminished,” the President earnestly pleads for retrenchment and reform; but he says, at the same time, that “enlightened economy does not consist in the refu- sal to appropriate money for constitutional pur- poses essential to the defence, progress and pros- perity of the republic, but in taking care that none of this money should be wasted by mis- management in its application to the objects de- signated by law.” In pursuance of this idea of means and mea- sures essential to our defence, “progress and pros- perity,” Mr. Buchanan has recommended an ad- dition of ten light draft steamers to the navy, the Pacific Railroad, a preliminary million with which to re-open negotiations with Spain for the purchase of Cuba, a temporary military protec- torate over the northern provinces of distracted Mexico, and the authority and the means where- withal to enforce, if necessary, the free passage of the transit routes of Central America. These important measures, if passed upon at the pre- sent session, will unquestionably call for many extra millions of money; but, from all the exist- ing signs of Congressional action at this session, we conclude that Cuba, Mexico, Central America and the Pacific Railroad will be passed over to NEW YORK HERALD, FRIDAY, JANUARY 7, 1859. the next Congress, and that, most likely, the ten war steamers will suffer the same fate. Falling back, then, upon the ordinary and cur- Tent requirements of the ensuing fiscal year, and the indicated deficiencies of the treasury, we come to that revision of the tariff suggested by both Mr. Buchanan and Mr, Cobb. Here, how- ever, we find the President recommending the policy of specific duties in certain cases, while Mr. Cobb as earnestly pleads the superior advan- tages of an inflexible ad valorem system. The President contends that “sound policy” requires “specific duties” upon certain articles usually sold by weight or by measure; such, for example, as “articles of iron of different classes, raw sugar, and foreign wines and spirits;” and that the “incidental protection thus afforded by a revenue tariff would at the present moment, to some extent, increase the confidence of our manufacturing interests, and give a fresh impulse to our reviving business.” But Mr. Cobb says, concerning the work of a revenue tariff, that— It is obvious that this is most effectually done by taxing in preference to others, such articles as are not produce in this country; and among articles produced here, those in which the home product bears the least proportion to the quantity imported are the fittest for taxation. The reason is that in taxing articles not made in the country the whole sum taken from the consumer goes into the treasury, while in the other class the consumer pays the enhanced value not only on the quantity im; |, but on the quantity made at home. This last tax is paid not to the treasury, but to the manufacturer, thereby renderin, such a duty ‘not only burdensome, but grossly unequal, the home producer being benefitted at the expense of the consumer. Thus the President, in the very outset, is flouted by the Secretary of the Treasury, who looks rather to the peculiar views of his own political section than to the general interests of the country; but as it is Mr. Buchanan, and not his head clerk of the Treasury, who speaks for the administration, the two houses of Congress are called upon to act, not upon Mr. Cobb’s, but upon the President’s recommendations. The prospect, however, of any satisfactory agreement between the two houses upon specifics or ad valorems is exceedingly slim. We understand that the South- ern majority of the House Committee of Ways and Means are in favor of the ad valorem policy; but we have seen, from a test vote upon a pre- liminary question, that the House itself, with its heavy Northern ascendancy, leans decidedly to the President’s plan of incidental protection. On the other hand, the Senate, from the con- trolling votes of the non-manufacturing aud iron consuming States of the South and Wesi, will, we presume, be found strongly on the side of discriminations against the protection of our home manufactures. Between the two houses we thus have very little hope of any tariff bill at this session competent to meet even one-half or a fourth part of the inevitable deficiencies of the treasury, with all the pruning, and paring, and postponing of appropriations that can possi- bly be made. What then? What is the President todo in view of the nine months recess before him, and of the contingencies which in this interval may imperatively require additional supplies of money? It has been reported from Washington that, in default of the required financial ways and means from this Congress, he will call an extra session of the next, and appoint the early or the latter part of the coming summer for its de- liberations. And why not? An extra session will involve some additional expenses to the treasury, and some extra inconveniences to the members concerned, and to the States which have not yet elected their members for the new Congress; but when the general government is driven to the verge of a suspension from the exhaustion of its means, there can be no escape from an extra session, with a nine months regular vacation of Congress to provide for. We have no doubt that the President is parti- cularly anxious ‘that this Congress, whatever else it may do, or may fail to do, shall provide the necessary means and authority to enable the Executive to work along without a further re- quisition upon the legislative department till next December. And, to give the members of all parties of this expiring Congress no shadow of excuse for the neglect of their duty in the pre- mises, we hope the President, if necessary, will, on or before the expiration of the present month, lay the budget of his financial necessities before the two houses, in a special message, including a fair warning of an extra session in the event of a present failure to meet his just, reasonable and inevitable liabilities. Thus the responsibility will be fixed where it belongs, and the adminis- tration will stand fully justified before the coun- try should he be driven to the extremity of an extra session. We rejoice that the constitutional existence of this present Congress, of demoralized parties, lobby jobbers, party rebels, factious leaders and sectional cliques of President makers, draws to a clone. We have dismissed all expectations of any bold, great and progressive measures at their hands; we have our misgivings that they may adjourn leaving the treasury and the most im- portant affairs of the government, foreign and domestic, in that loose, slip-shod, disordered and bankrupt condition from which the President will be compelled to appeal in an early call upon the new Congress. The interval of a few weeks will settle the question, and a scasonable warn- ing from the President will at least put his ad- ministration right before the country. The ex- pensive legacies inherited from Fillmore and Pierce, and the ruinous legacy of the late sweep- ing financial revulsjon, mut be provided for, and Congress alone has the power over the ways and means. report of the matter, whereby the parties so com- mitting the nuisance can be prosecuted. Of course, this astounding fact exonerates the Cor- poration Attorney from all blame, and throws it where it justly belongs—upon the Police Com- missioners, their employés in the force, and the City Inspector. In the recent attempt by the last Common Council to re-organize the department of the latter official, provision was made to appoint three subordinate inspectors to bunt for nuisances and obstructions on the sidewalks and gutters, and report them—a duty which, as we said before, belongs to the police patrols. This fact shows that creating offices for idle loafers occupied more the attention of the late Corporation than correcting the evils which surround us. Will nobody see that the police do their duty in this respect? With the exception of the few men attached tothe Mayor’s squad, who are really active, they are the most worthless set of fellows with which any city is burthened. ‘The Mixed Monarchy Schemes for the Ameri- can Mediterranean—What are the Foreign Relations Committees About ? Simultaneously from Paris, Madrid and Ha- vana, intelligence of a curious nature comes to us, which, when taken in conjunction asa whole, reveals the existence of some startling political schemes in regard to this continent. In Paris we learn that a project for the estab- lishment of mixed monarchies in Porto Rico, Cuba and Mexico is entertained, and that the Central American question is looked upon as being precisely the same as the Turkish question four years since, when the Western Powers of Europe combined to putdown Russia. From Madrid we are informed that General Concha is willing to give in his resignation as Captain General of Cuba, but that he does not wish to leave this continent until the difficulties with Mexico are settled, as he hopes to gain a Mar- shal’s baton in the war with that republic. The Havana papers come to us with labored editorial articles, endeavoring to prove that the political and social anarchy of the Spanish American re- publicsis falsely alleged to have sprung from the evils bequeathed to them by a long Spanish rule, and that it is entirely owing to their having strayed away from. the precepts of Spain and fol- lowed the false lights of Northern America. In connection with these things we may recall the attempt recently made by the French Consul, Reybaud, to induce President Santana to give up Dominica to Soulouque. These separate and unconnected revelations show that there is a deep scheme at work in the European Cabinets for interference in American politics. The Clarendon announcement of the policy of the Anglo-French alliance is to be car- ried out. A barrier is to be erected to American extension southward. This has always been a favorite idea of Louis Napoleon. A balance of power in accordance with the Napoleonic ideas of the division of the world is to be created. Perhaps the Count Montemolino is to give up his claims to the Spanish crown for a mixed monarchy in Cuba, Hayti and Porto Rico. Christine’s old idea of a throne in Mexico for one of her bastard daughters may be revived. The hope of annexation is to be killed in Cuba, by making it an independent kingdom under a Spanish prince, with a creole nobility. Social and political anarchy is to be banished from Spanish America, by the re-establishment of the true Spanish theories in society and politics. And, above all, that democratic expansion of the United States, which is so full of danger for the Napoleonic dynasty, will be curbed. It is well known that Louis Napoleon governs Spain as thoroughly, and almost as openly, as he does France. He claims to be the autocrat of Europe; and so he is, in a diplomatic sense, for the present, for England has played second fiddle to the Emperor ever since the French army proved its superiority tothe English in the Crimea. But he aims at a higher distinction. He would be the autocrat of the world. No Power has yet been able to prevent the con- tinued growth in power, influence, and impu- dence of the United States. The first Napoleon tried it, but was caught in a peculiar position, and sold Louisiana to us. England has tried it; but her armies have been whipped, her ships captured, and her Elliots, Mackintoshes and Chaifields defeated in Texas, Mexico and Central America. She has given up the attempt, and now consents to play second fiddle to the Em- peror in that too, Ouseley is sent to Washing- ton and to Nicaragua to humbug us for a while, until time can be gained to arrange the ground and the preliminaries, Our commercial relations with England, too, are counted upon to keep us quiet toward the alliance; and, above all, the mortal fear of the smell of gunpowder known to be entertained by everybody at Washington having anything to do with our foreign relations, is relied upon to keep us passive till it is too late. This scheme springs from our negligence, in- activity and weakness, and not from any strength possessed by the Holy Alliance between France and England. We have neglected to de- velope a policy in our American relations such as becomes us. We have been inactive, when we should have written the destiny of the island key to all our Southern shore upon the record of the traditional policy of ourcountry. We have been weak in listening to the syren songs of French ambassadors and British intriguers. The Lon- don organs of British Ministers and ex-Ministers taunt us with the assertion that “the Monroe doc- trine is a mere byword,” and that since its an- nouncement, in 1823, the United States has never “succeeded in a single instance in enforcing it against the diplomacy or the protests of any Eu- Topean nation.” These are the results which flow from our boyish course in legislation and government. Not only in our foreign relations, but in our domestic policy, our system of finance, and everything that relates to the practical art of government, matters are conducted on the from hand to mouth system. There seems to be not a statesman worthy of the name among our public men. Our ships are searched and our flag insulted on the ocean, and Congress expe- riences a three days’ excitement. Revul- sions come, and the treasury borrows for twenty- four hours, and then shins it, like a Wall street broker, to meet its engagements, A sliding scale tariff is adopted, and with commer- ial expansion the revenue rans up. Then we cut down the tariff, and when commercial depres- sion comes the sliding scale comes down with prices, and we have no revenue at all, Then comes a tariff hue and cry again, to the conster- nation of merchants and the disarrangement of all their enterprises. In every branch of government this picture is exhibited. The Monroe doctrine, popular as it is with the people, has become a dead letter for the It is now not enough to see that this continent is no longer open to European colonization. We have to go further, and proclaim a new doctrine. We have tgassert that not only is the American continent not open to colonization, but it is not open to Hhropean re-organization, nor is it even open to European protection of the statue quo. The very existence of our own institutions de- pends upon our doing this. Not that the repub- lic will be overthrown to-day or to-morrow, but with monarchies north of us, monarchies south of us, and monarchies exercising a police upon the oceans east and west of us, our position will become in every sense a defensive one, like that of the Swiss republic. What are the Congressional Committees on Foreign Relations about that they do not see these things? Why do they wait until the deed isdone, and has become an elementary subject for school books for boys before they act? Resolutions should at once be brought into both houses de- fining our policy in relation to Cuba, Mexico and Central America, and putting the executive branch of the government ina position of ac- tion. We want no mixed monarchies overlying the routes of domestic intercourse between our Atlantic and Pacific empires. In twenty-five years we shall have sixty millions of’ population, and an interoceanic commerce greater than all our present foreign and domestic trade together. It is for this we have now to legislate, and it is for this that the present Congress should prepare. Let both houses, and particularly their Commit- tees on Foreign Relations, who hold the practi- cal oar of the labor, look toit. The responsi- bility lies upon them, and every man will be held to it. The Atlantic Cable and its Traducers. ‘The efforts which were commenced some three months ago to injure the credit of the Atlantic- cable, by denying the authenticity of the des- patches transmitted through, having been re- cently revived with great virulence by the friends of a kindred enterprise, we have gone to the trouble of searching the files of the Ameri- can papers and the London Times, respectively, for the purpose of satisfying the public in a mat ter so important. A careful inspection of the various cable des- patches, as they appeared in these journals, to- gether with a thorough collation and verification of the statements, as they were published on one side of the Atluntic, with the facts and dates as they occurred on the other, have satisfied us that in no single instance has there been any decep- tion practised on the public, or any attempt made at deception. Our research extended over the whole time during which there was any pre- tence that the cable was in working order, and we here give the result seriatim:— 1.—In the London Times of August 17, second edition, appears the first despatch which is of any importance in this connection. The despatch announces the arrival of the telegraph fleet in Trinity Bay on the 5th, and the successful land- ing of the cable on the 6th of August. The latest dates in England at that time from this side were up to the 4th, received by the America from Halifax. This, at the first glance, does not seem to be a very great feat, as ten days appear to have elapsed between the landing of the cable and the announcement of the fact in London. But when it is recollected that after the landing of the cable a week or more elapsed before the necessary ad- ustments were made, and the line got in work- ing order, the delay will be easily accounted for. As it was, however, the news was published in London five days in advance of its reception by steamer—the steamship Jura, with American dates of the 10th August, and carrying the first announcement by mail, not having arrived at Liverpool until the 23d. 2.—The collision off Cape Race between the steamships Arabia and Europa occurred on Sa- turday, August 14, and was published in the London Zimes on the 21st. Here an elapse of seven days is seen between the date of the disaster and the announcement in London. This delay is partially accounted for by the fact that the news of the collision did not reach New York until Tuesday, the 17th, and that the des- patch to London was sent on that day from this city by Mr. Cunard. When, however, that des- patch reached Trinity Bay, the operator there refused to transmit it, alleging, as an excuse, his peremptory orders not to transmit any private businé’s messages until the line was fully open to the public. On learning this fact Mr. Cunard made application to Mr. Field to induce him to use his influence with the directors for a relaxa- tion of their rules, so far as to meet the exigen- cies of this case. Mr. Field did so, and the re- sult was that Mr.Cunard’s message was re-sent from New York, with Mr. Field’s endorsement, on the evening of the 18th, and was published in London on the 20th. But there was another despatch connected with this collision, the transmission of which over the cable goes to show that at one time the commu- nication between the two shores was almost per- fect. When the news of the collision was first received in London, (which was on Friday, the 20th August,) the information conveyed was deemed too meagre, and therefore a despatch was transmitted from that city, asking for further particulars, This despatch left London at five o'clock on that evening, and an answer giving the particulars asked for was received at half- past seven on the same evening. This fact is explicitly vouched for in an editorial in the London Times, which publishes both despatches in full on the 21st. 3.—On Monday, August 23, the London Zines prints the Queen’s congratulatory message to President Buchanan, following which is the Pre- sident’s reply. The despatch embodying the Queen’s message was received in New York, in part, on the 16th, and a corrected copy on the 17th. The President's reply was transmitted over the cable on the 19th, and published on the 28d, as above stated. There was, doubtless, much delay occasioned by the message being sent to the Queen before its publication. ‘The Times of the last named date, (Aug. 23,) also announces, for the first time, the fact of the treaty of peace with China, which was received in London the previous day by telegraph from St. Petersburg. A despatch embodying this news was transmitted through the Atlantic tele- graph, and published in New York in the even- ing papers of the 26th—just three days after its publication in London. This hews, it should be borne in mind, was not received at Valentia by telegraph, but in the ordinary way by mail. It did not, therefore, reach there until the 25th. In this case it will be seen news which left the shores of Ireland on @ certain day was published in the American journals the next morning, Mayor of London. This despatch is dated New York, August 21, and was rece on the evening of Sunday, the g0 first to the Lord Mayor, of course; and hence ite not appearing in print on Monday may be easily accounted for. 5.—The Times of the same date, and in imme- diate juxtaposition with this message of Mayor ‘Tiemann, prints the reply of the Lord Mayor, dated London, August 23. This reply was trans- mitted over the ocean cable on the day of its date, was received in this city by Mayor Tie- mann on the 24th at noon, read by him on the same evening to the Municipal Joint Committee on the Cable Celebration, and published in all our papers on the next morning. 6.—In the Times of Saturday, August 28, is a despatch from Newfoundland, dated the 27th, announcing the arrival of: Sir William Williams of Kars at Halifax on the 24th, in the steamer Gorgon. Also the sailing, from the same port, at one o'clock on the morning of the 27th, of the Cunard steamer Niagara, for Liverpool; of the Hermann, from New York for Fraser river; of the Prince Albert, from New York for Galway; of the Europa (having repaired), from St. Johns, same evening (27th); and likewise the arrivals, respectively, of the steamers Arabia and Ariel at New York, the Anglo-Saxon at Quebec, and the Canada at Halifax. The principal part of the steamship intelli- gence contained in this despatch was embodied in a message from the agent of the Associated Press, which was despatched from New York to Trinity Bay on the evening of the 26th August. By referring to the papers of that period our readers will find that the Arabia arrived at New York on the 20th, the Anglo-Saxon the 22d, the Canada at Halifax on the 24th, the Gorgon at lsthe same port on the 25th, and the Ariel at New York on the 26th. The fact that the news of all these arrivals was published in London on the 28th is sufficient to establish the authenticity of the despatch in the London 7imes, and ought to relieve us of the necessity of further research for the purpose of verifying the remaining items. Those who are disposed still to doubt would hardly be any better satisfied should we furnish them fifty additional verifications. In collating this statement we have scrupu- lously adhered to facts and dates as they appear respectively in the newspapers on both sides of the Atlantic. Ifany of our readers, after digest- ing these facts, can still doubt that the Atlantic cable has ever transmitted any messages over its wires, and are disposed to give credit to the idle tales of those discontented and envious individ- uals who sneer at the offered proofs, and hint at collusion and deception, we would just ask them to account to us, if they can, for the manifest facts we have set before them, on any other hy- pothesis than the agency of the Atlantic cable. Setting aside the Queen’s message, and the Presi- dent's also—with regard to which deception might have been practised if the parties were so disposed—and also, for the same reason, the mes- sages of the two Mayors—we would ask of the doubters to account tous for the fact that the China news was known in this city in three days after its reception in London; to tell us how it happened that the steamer collision was known in London in three days, also, after the news reached this city; by what manner of contrivance it was that the arrival of the Ariel in New York, on the 26th of August, was known in London on the 27th, and published there on the 28th? When they have answered these questions in a way to satisfy candid minds that there is really some other method by which these feats could have been performed, we shall ourselves, perhaps, begin to lose our faith in the Atlantic cable, Attecep Decuine or Bririsy Surrtva Inx- TERESTS—PRroposeD RevIvAL oF THE NAVIGATION Laws.—The shipping interests of Great Britain have, we see, entered into an agitation for the re- vival of so much of the navigation laws as pro- tected the carrying’trade. They are convening meetings at all the principal ports, engaging the services of itinerant grievance mongers, and ma- nufacturing statistics, to show that the repeal of those laws has been injurious to the growth of the English mercantile marine. Whilst the im- ports and exports of Great Britain have increased in an enormously disproportioned ratio to those of any other country, they pretend that in the amount of tonnage employed in the carrying trade she is falling rapidly behind the United States. Thus, our tonnage engaged in this branch of navigation at the close of the last year is quoted at 6,072,235, whilst that of Great Britain is stated to have been only 5,531,887. We hope the difference is as asserted, though from the enormous preponderance given to Aus- trian tonnage over that of France in the same table, it seems to us that the compiler cared more about the conclusions than the accuracy of his figures. The London Zimes takes the same view of the unreliable character of these statistics, and ridicules the idea of the shipping interest having any more specific grievances to complain of than those arising from the general depression of trade, Admitting, however, for argument sake, that all that is asserted by the English ship owners is true, we will ask if they have not themselyes to blame for these results? There is no interest in Great Britain which has exhibited greater jeal- ousy and susceptibility, or which has contended harder for monopolies, than they have done. They did all they could to exclude us from the West India trade; and if they yielded a reluctant consent to the repeal of the navigation laws, it wasin the belief that they could force us into following their example, at a time when we were but ill prepared for competition with them, and when they hoped to crowd us out of those routes of commercial navigation which have the most contributed to develope our maritime capabili- ties. Not satisfied with the common growth of their own commercial marine, which, if we are to believe the London Times, has increased in a much greater ratio than those of other nations, they now covet the coasting trade of this conti- nent, including that with the Gulf of Mexico and San Francisco, as well as the navigation of the lakes, In order to force us into conceding these privileges, they call upon their govern- ment to restore the restrictions against foreign flags established by the navigation laws. Whatever abstract opinions we may entertain on the subject of free competition, we have no notion of our commercial policy being made do- pendent upon every whim and caprice of British mercantile interests. We have seen how, on the slave trade and the right of search questions, the British public have vacillated and yielded after the most persistent efforts to compel other na- tions to adopt their views. In the same spirit of arbitrary dictation, and with a view solely to Disrecarp or THE Cry Orptwances—NeE- GLEcT oF THE Porice.—In commenting upon the fact that the city ordinances were not enforced, in the Herat of yesterday, we stated that the Corporation Attorney, Mr. Purser, was remiss in his duty. We have received the following com- munication from Mr. Purser, by which it appears that we have done him some injustice. Let it speak for itself :— TO THE EDITOR OF THE HERALD. Law Dnrantoxt, Crry ov New You, Orrick ov tik ATTORNEY To THK ConronaTION, New Youk, Jan. 671859, In an article in your paper of this ‘morning, inquiring why the city ordinances are not enforced relative to the accumulation of ice and snow on the sidewalka, you state that the Corporation Attorney is equally remiss in his duty in not causing the legal penalties to be enforced. Not & solitary complaint has been made to our office by the po- lice during the winter, and only one received from ® pri. vate citizen. It is my duty to prosecute, and not to origi- nate complaints; and if I possessed the inclination, I have not the facilities. Last winter only two complaints were made by the Police Department, though in previous years between two and three hundred were usually recelved. Under these circumstances, I trust you will do me the jus. tice to exonerate me from censure. G. H. PURSER, Corporation Attorney. Here is another remarkable instance of the utter inefficiency of our present police force. It is one of the specific duties of the police to keep the sidewalks clear of nuisances, and report every violation of the ordinance in relation thereto; and according to the statement of the Corporation Attorney, that duty was very fairly performed by the old force. But the present 1 police, though they stroll about all day with | nation. A few observant men have lately 4.—On Tuesday, Augugf,24, the Times pul , - A 24, pub- | maintain their commercial ascendan » the; these nuisances directly under their noses, have | awakened to the necessity of re-asserting it; but | lishes the congratulatory message of Mayor Tie- | repealed the navigation laws, paling not, in a single instance, this winter, made any | the time for such a step bas long singe gone by. ' maun, of New York, to Sir Robert Carden, Lord thas we would follow their example, ved in Londor 4 Tt had to | i ] ' i 4 ' i ch | i ( ( ‘ \ ‘I ‘ t M ‘{ vel \