The New York Herald Newspaper, October 3, 1858, Page 5

4 NEW YORK HERALD. QFFION N. W. CORNER OF PULTON AND NASSAU 8TS. neemnennha nappa ensh in advance. Money eent by mail will be at the 1 anne. Dall two conte $T THE WEEKLY HERALD, cory agar wiz conts per | per danum. to | any part of the Continent, bots | | bales, part in transitu, NEW YORK H’RALD, SUNDAY, OCTOBER 3, 1858, he the sreatost mumber that ever left. this port for | bringing within the range of human intercourse | Furope in one ship. Among the passengers are |,the most distant and otherwise uninviting re- oN Boarp Passenaxn Suips.—The narra- Hon, Wm. Winthrop, United States Consul at Malta. The sales of cotton yesterday embraced about 3,000 | ‘The market closed firm at 13340. for middling uplands, The flour market was again de- pressed, and ciosed at further coneessions in prices for most descriptions, while in the absence of any conside- reble export demand supplies have increased, and saloa were moderate, chiefly to the home trade. Wheat was jective and toa grent extent nominal. Corn wag unset- Used and quotations favored purchasers, The salop in- cluded Western mixed at 693y¢. for inforior, Tle. a TLX¥e. wf | tor fair, end one parcel of prime to choice quality was AD EMENTS renewad every dvertleaments in- F< ketch Westie Hersis Ficie Hansa eat’ fhe PRL: excouted with neatnees, cheapnese and des- No. 274 AMUSEMENTS TO-MOBKOW EVENING. ACADEMY OF MUSIC, Fourteenth street —Itauias Orees La Traviata. NIBLO’S GABDEN, Broadway.—Pavrerte. BOWERY THEATRE, Bowery.—PaanrouRsovi—Ttano- oun Jac. BURTOWS NEW THEATRE, Broadway.—RxGusH Ores 1. Trovators. LAURA KREENE'S THRATRE, 62% Broadway.—Loxpox AssURANCE—JENNY Linn. ue BARNUW’S AMERICAN MUSEUM, Broadway.—Afternaon and Erening—Taiopon's Mimi Worii>—Dr, VatRNtiNE, &c. WOOD'S MINSTREL BUILDENG, 861 and 563 Broadway— pruoma® foes, Daxcas, £6-—-Tus Ou Cuocx. i MECHANTCS FALL, 472 Broadway. Bay avers) MIxsTiEts —NeGko Sones anv BORLESQUES—! Tus Tue. CAMPBELL MINSTRELS, 444 Brosdway.—Ermiorian Ona- Raoraaistics, Songs, &0.—Le Movin Maciare. —De. Borwton'’s Laorun Na RuIsTEY and Eiectko Maa: New York, Sunday, October 3, 1855. ‘The News. The surveying party appointed by the Secretary of the Interior, on the part of the United States, to run the boundary line between Texas and New Mexico, left Washington yesterday. John H. Clark is the commissioner, and John E. Weyss principal assistant surveyor. Major W.R. Scurry has been appointed by the Governor of Texas commissioner on the part of that State. By the arrival of the steamship Catawba at Charleston we have advices from Havana to the ‘24th ultimo. A number of Moxicans, secret agents of Santa Anna, had arrived there from St. Thomas en rows to Vera Craz. They were supplied with plenty of gold and left on the EngMsh mail steamer after having had interviews with the son of the ex- dictator and some Spanish and Mexican officials. Don Miguel de Embil was about to be put on trial a second time for his offence to the executive. Don Julian J. Alfouso, worth five millions ofdctlara, died on the 16th ultimo. The weather was cold and stormy, but the crops uninjured. It was said that the Spanish goverument would lay the sub- marine cable to Key West ut its own expense, they retaining the sole control of the wire. Exchange on New York was at 43244 premium. The sugar market was very dull, although holders were firm at laat quoted rates, Stock at Havana and Matanzas 130,000 boxes. Nothing was doing in molasses, Freights were excessively dull. A conference of delegates from the German societies in different places of the United States is now holding its meetings at Pythagoras fall, New Canal street, near the Bowery. They intend peti- tioning Congress for some new shipping regulations to increase the protection of emigrants during their passage on the sea as well as during their transporta- tion from the landing places to the interior of the United States. The debates were lively and highly instructive. The reader will flad in our report, in another place, tnany curious facts and revelations concerning emigrants. Dr. Schlayer, the plenipo tentiary of Bremen, has arrived from Washington expressly to see what is going on, and he was pre- sent yesterday at the debates as a simple spectator. To-day several members will visit some vessels in the harbor, and to-morrow morning the discussions will be resumed. The investigation before Judge Metcalfe at Staple ton, Staten Island, was continued yesterday. Seve- ral witnesses were exemined, among whom were Doctors Westervelt, Lee, Harcourt, Harrison, Hobbs, and Mr. Lake, the government boarding officer. The evidence principally tended to show bow the Quarantine extablixhment hes been man- aged, and the laxity evinced by the officials in ad- mitting parties to the grounds without permit or Poas. In the case of Thomas Sadler vs. Selah Squires, tried on Friday last before Judge Ingraham, and in which a verdict was found for the plaintiff of $182 50, there were features which entitle it to special notice. The action was by a lawyer against ‘9 lawyer for services rendered in legal proceedings, and all the witnesses examined for both the parties were members of the legal profession. The young man James Rodgers, convicte murder of Mr. Swanston, was yesterday « by Judge Davies to be hanged on the 12th of No vember next. According to the report of the City Inepector there were 433 deaths in the city daring the past week—a decrease of § as compared with the mor tality of the previous, and 9 less than occur red doring t ing period of last year. One case of yellow fever is reported. The de ceased, a gentleman fromm Savannah, aged 22 years, arrived in the and died four days afer. The following ta shows the number of deaths for the past two weeks among adults and children, distinguishing the sexes: — ‘d of the ures] Men. Women. Boy: Girls. Total. Week ending Sept. 25.....51 6 166 1 MI Week ending Oct. 2.....82 97 130 185 4% | ses of death were the Among the principal cs following: pe Convulsions (Infantile) Cholera infantom Diarrbers . Dynentery ° Dropry in the bead ; Inflammation of the bowele Todammation of the lunge Inflammation of the brain Maracmns (infantile) cearlet fever . There were also & deaths of congestion of the brain, 6 of croup, 6 of typhoid fever, 3 of dis the heart, 20 of hooping cough, inter) 4 of palsy, 2 of smallpox, 5 premature birtir Uli born 13 deaths from violent cause Priseases Sept. 25 Bones. joints, & ar) Brain anc er Generate Heart and bicod viene. Dane, rt, A Oe age... kin, Ac, and eruptive f Bullborn and prematur ae of an Unknown ; Urtoary organs ; ‘Total The number of de reaponding week in 1 lowe Week ending Net Week ending Cet 8, IS6T Week ewiing Sept 25, 1868 “4 Werk ending Oct. 2, 1868 4h The Atate 5 of France foreign The steamship Vanderdilt sailed from this port at noon yesterday for Havre, Southampton and She carried ont an unasually large mail, in apecie and 12° passengers, believed to 4, 1800 ativity table gives 297 matives « of Treland, 25 of Germany, 7 2 Beotland, and the balanc untries f vations city on the 23d ull, sick with fever, | | | | Teported at T6e., with some Southern whity Was firm and in rather better demand, with sales of mess | familiar names; for there i 1 85c, Pork 4 $16 9 u $17, and of prime at$1475a$16. Sugars wero steady and in fair demand, with sales of about 700 a 800 hdds. without change in prices, Coffoe was quict, but firm. . Freights to Liverpool exhibited more tone: wheat, in bulk, was taken at 33¢d., rosin at 1s. @d., and cotton at 52d, To other ports engagements were light and rates unchanged. The Gold Fields of Kansas. Elsewhere in these columns we give some very Nteresting correspoudence aud newspaper ex Tacts relating to the gold discoveries in Kansas, Taken in conjunction with Governor Denver's despatch to the administration at Wash- ugton, they leave no room to doubt of the exist- ence of a gold region in Kansas, rich enough to attract miners from all quarters, and extensive enough to give room and verge to all who may flock there, Captain Marcy, who was despatched with a party from the Utah expedition to New Mexico for a supply of cattle, returned by the way of Cherry Creek, and was cognizant of the existence of gold there. Several of his men picked up specimens; but still he does not be- lieve that it can ever compete as a gold pro- ducing country with California or Australia, or Fraser river, if the latter prove to be as rich as it is supposed to be, Gov. Denver isso confident of the richness of these new diggings that he has recommended to the government the propriety of withdrawing the mineral lands from under the operation of pre-emption laws, leaving them free to miners, as in the case of the California mineral lands, This judicious course will doubt- less be adopted, and we may expect soon to see a great rush of emigration to Kansas and the newly discoyered gold fields, notwithstand- ing those contradictory and conflicting accounts which are incident to all these gold discoveries in every region of the globe. It really seems as if one of the chief instruments in the hands of Providence for peopling desert countries is the discovery of gold at the opportune moment. Ti was the sto- ries told by the followers of Columbus of the fabulous wealth of the new lands beyond the ocean, that awakened the eupidity and enterprise of the Spaniards und Portaguese, and French, and Dutch and English, and led to the early cole nization of the American coutineat. The gold and silver laden galleons that poured (heir rich freight into the harbors of ihe two Castiles were so manyé cloquent witnesses of the wealth of the new countries, and stimulated the men of those days all over Europe to emigrate to these favored lands. Afler the population of the Atlantic States bad reached a point when they could afford io dispense with further ac- cessions from foreign lands, California was ob- tained from Mexico, and thereupon, as if design- ed to divert the tide of emigration thitherward, and to people the Pacific slope of the continent, the wonderful discovery ix made that the streams which flow from the Sierra Nevada into the Pacific have golden sands, and that the whole region is marvelously rich in gold quariz. It is but ten years since then, and now the tracts of territory which previously afforded pasturage to the herds of a few rancheros are covered with farms, villages, towns and cities, and peopled by a large and prosperous community. Farther off in the Pacific, away at the anti- poder, lies the great island-continent of Austra- lia—a place to which, at the time of the Cali- fornia gold discoveries, Kagland transported her felons, and from which the returning ships brought some few cargoes of wool. The population was mi- serably scant, end as poor in quality as quantity. But there, too, the same providential means are brought into play to change the face of things, and to people the extensive plains, over which for centuries to come flocks of sheep might otherwise have continued to roam under the charge of ticket-ofleave shepherds, Gold is discovered in richer veins than even California could boast. Emigration from all quarters is directed there. Melbourne snddenly becomes # port that in the number of its ship- ping rivals San Francisco, New York and Liver- pool. The country grows to be rich and flon- riehing, and now Australia promises to be at no distant day a powerful independent republic. Tims, in these three instances were the same my of to prod the like results, namely, the peopling of the United States, of made nse ive and interesting to notice the identity of means ud by Providence in furtherance of the great design of peopling th. Itis but a fiw short months n lar instance of the operation of the same r in the case of the Fraser river gold mines, which led to a rsh of population upon the inhospitable regions of New Cale- donia, hardly paralleled in the history of even California or Australia, The initiatory move- ment there has had its dark side, as it has had in all other instances; but there ix little room to doubt bat that the golden yield of Fraser river will eventually do for New Caledonia —or Britich Columbia, as it has been now chrie tened— what Mariposa has done for California, and Baalarat for Australia And now, again, we have the same story nearer home. On the western border of Kansas, where that Territory ie shat in from the farther west by that «par of the Rocky Mountains w! has received the designation of the Black Hills, and which runs down and formes the Ta mountain boundary of New Mexico, rich gold dix coveries are reported to have been recently made, Cherry Creek and Pike's Pe ens yak have now become eaid that the richest digging bee The locality ix some three hundred miles in exteat, and fe bat some seven hundred miles from Lawrence and Leavenworth and Kansas City: and from all these towns, as well as from all the other towns of Kaneas and Nebraska Te ing organized and are daily departing to work the mines, to found towne and cities, end to lay the foundations of a new commonwealth. This overy will give an immense stimulus to emi- nto Kausas; so that it ie not unlik if prove to be as productive as thy are reported, that that Territory will double or treble its population in the course of a year, and thus avert all trouble that might be apprehended from the Engiieh bill on that score, Here again we recognize the same mysterious agency at work, helping to spread the population of the earth more equally alopg its surface, and Wave itories, bande arc be- gions. The discoveries at Pike’s Peak and Cherry Creek, if they prove as valuable as they are now supposed to be, will also bave another effect. They will stimulate railroad building en- terprise from the Missouri to the western limits of Kansas, and the roads will be linke in the | chain of the great Pacific Railroad, and hasten | the day when New York and San Francisco will | be brought within a week’s journey of each | other, We therefore hail the gold discoveries | in Kansas as being pregnant with beneficial re- sults to the country and the world. A Fiermye Eroca—Dveuuna axp Pvat- 118M,—Within the last few days we have published accounts of five or six duels, several street fights, a fatal pugilistic encounter, and a rehearsal of an affair of the same kind which may terminate in the same manner. In Virginia, where they ought to know better, and where the law against duelling is as severe as it is in New York, we find a journalist and a member of Congress shooting at each other four times on account of a political quarrel. Mr, Clemens said that some one would not run for Governor, when the person named had no particular objection to serve the Old Do- minion as its chief magistrate. Mr. Wise “ pitch- ed into” Mr. Clemens for making the statement, when Clemens challenged Wise. After each fire efforts were made to reeoncile the difficulty, but without effect, and now Mr. Clemens pays the penalty of his and Mr. Wi: folly, and will be a cripple for life. A similar duel on political grounds was lately fought in California, and an- other in Missiesippi. In the last named affair the weapons were rifles, at the murderous distance of | thirty paces. In another duel, after the principals had exchanged shots with duelling pistols with- out effect, a free fight with revolvers was gotten up. The “friends” of the parties who permit such things ought to be lynched on the spot. In referring to the subject of prize fighting, the other day we were compeiled to say that many of the fine things which we hear about the vefinement of the age and the progress of the arts of peace in this century were all trash and humbug, the efi ¢ ifslntin” journalists or Burgundy-afte: r orators. The bloody and foolish duels whi: ive taken place since the time when those words were written make them doubly true. One expects that the roughsand bul- lies of the city, the “Dead Rabbits” and expelled Californians, and escaped foreign convicts, who swarm in a great metropolis, will fight with each other, One is not surprised to hear that one of these fellows has bitten off » moiety of his oppo- nent’s nose, or gouged his eye, or beaten or strangled or bullied an unfortunate woman. The conduct of Morrisey and Heenan, who, having had a slight difference of opinion, proceed to Canada to pummel each other until all traces of the human face divine have been obliterated, is natural enough. They belong to a class. But we are susprised to see men of intelligence and educa- tion descending to the argument of the pistol, after duclling has been discountenanced throughout all Christendom. It grew ont of the brawls of a barbarous age, and is almost the last relic of it. We are aware that in some parts of the South duelling is supposed to be countenanced hy public opinion; but even in such districts the man who fights is a greater coward than the man who refuses to accept a challenge. Many duels originate in the same way as prize fights—from a spirit of bravado, or an angry word dropped in the heat of passion or the flush of wine. Morally or legally, no man has a right to put his life in jeopardy. We do not belong to ourselves, but to society, to our kindred, connections, and the thousand ties which have their dutics and res- ponsibilities, as well as their amenities and their privileges. Stripped of all exploded nonsense, | the code of honor is not a bit better entitled to | respect than the rules of the prize ring. The duellist is not a whit superior to the pnugilist. Both are exceedingly polite, after their fashions, | to the persons whom they have shot or stabbed, | or gouged or bitten. If the conqueror kills his | adversary, he takes off his hat in the blandest manner to the dead body, and deeply aympa- | thises with the widow and orphans of the de- | ceased. Duelling and pugilism are signs of a | temi-barbarous state of society, and should be | sternly suppressed, both by the law aud force of | public opinion, which latter is more powerful than any legul enactment. | Ou Fooyiss.— That patriarch of the old | fogy journals of the day, the National Intelli- gencer, in speaking of the Paraguay expedition, | gravely remarks: “We think it to he regretted thet the more regular course of diplomatic pro- cedure has not been followed in the case of these Paraguayan difficulties, which should have been settled by an appeal to force only after it had been shown that President Lopez refused to do justice in the premises.” Just so. But does not our venerable cotemporary know that in this case “a diplomatic procedure” will be firet tried, and that the fleet in the background will | only be called fnto requisition should President Lopez “refuse to do justice! With such a sent barharion government asthat of Paraguay, | “a regular course of diplomatic | without the requisite show of strength t force it, would be “a regular conrae” of sheer non- sense, The fleet is the very thing which the case demands, and we are confident of the sults from the expedition of a single hostile browdstde. best re pout the discharge Tar Cunvaisen Weer Wanwiwe or Agar The Chevalier Webb hay bis apprehensions of the result of our November § elec: tion. He says © the ult will very ma- terially affect the Presidential election of 1860;" that “if New York falters now, not only will our friends in other Siates doubt | our ability to carry this State in 1860, but our defeat will ¢ the demoeracy to make extraordinar ris io carry their ticket in that great conte The ¢ jer Webb is beginning to understand the case, Mr. W. HL Seward commenced his political career with a Morgan, and with Morgan be must rive or fall. But ie this Morgan of the real original Morgan stock, and will he be “a good enongh Morgan till after the election?” The Chevalier Webb is evidently afraid be won't; and so are we. What became of the original Morgan’ nye No Festox on tae State Ticxer.—Tt appears that all the devices of the republican managers at Albany to coax the Know Nothings into a fusion State ticket, involving the sinking of Bar- rows for the benefit of Morgan, have signally failed, and that the Americons have natled their ticket to the mast. We are not certain, how- that # fusion ticket has thus become an impoesible thing: for even Weed may be per- snaded to consent to sink Morgan if it can be Made to pay. The negotiations wear a gloomy complexion: but the books are not yet closed. ever Tax Burwiwa or mm Avsrria—DrisorrLinn tives of this disaster gleaned by our re- porters from the mouths of the rescued pas- sengers concur in showing that the most de- plorable negligence—the most culpable absence of discipline—not only marked the origin, but the progress of the catastrophe. Had there been but one cool head and firm will amongst the officers in charge of the steamer, the probabill- ties are that the vessel and her valuable freight of lives and cargo might all have been saved. Amongst the numerous accidents which have oceurred to passenger ships, there is not one, we will venture to say, that can be compared to this in the utter helplessness and imbecility that characterized the conduct of all connected with it. It is less our purpose, however, to bear hardly on individual errors, aggravated 2s they must be by a sense of remorse, than to point out the les- sons that are to be derived from this painful oc- currence. We believe that if the officers en- trusted with the command of passenger and mer- chant vessels were trained in the discipline ne- cessary to be observed on board their ships, we should not have one for the ten marine disasters which our columns record. It has always been a matter of surprise to ua why the rules and ob- servances deemed essential to the safety of ves- sels-of-war should not be vigilantly enforced in the mercantile marine. If such regulations are required in a service placed under strict military laws, they would seem still more necessary in one to which much more serious responsibilities are entrusted. It is the more to be wondered at, when we reflect that sailors are easily made to comprehend the wisdom of rules which conduce to the common benelit and safety, From a perusal of the statements of the sur- vivors of the Austria’s passengers, no one ean en- tertain a doubt that if that unfortunate vessel had been under the command of officers like Captain | Judkins or Capt. Higgins she would have passed scatheless through the accident that befell her, if, indeed, such an acdident could have happened atall. Whatever may be Captain Judkins’ de- fects of temper and manner, every one will ac- knowledge that his ship is always under perfect control, and that no details of its management, however minute, can eseape his vigilant super- vision. Of Captain Higgins, when in command, the same thing could always be said, with this difference—that although no martinet, he insisted upon anticipating casualties by drilling his men to mect them. We have known him, for in- stance, to ring the fre bell on board his vessel twice during a voyage, in order to break his new hands into the ordinary discipline of the ship. He wisely preferred creating a little alarm amongyt his passengers to being caught unpre- pared for any accident that might arise from un- foreseen causes, It is now clear that if the officers of the Aus- tria had been men of the right stamp, or if their crew had been properly disciplined, it would have been impossible for the series of mishaps and blunders which caused her loss to have oc- curred. Supposing, under such circumstances, the fire to have taken place, it would have been instantly extinguished; and admitting the possi- bility of its gaining head, we are satisfied that most of the passengers would have been saved by self-possession and coolness on the part of the officers, and experience in the lowering and ma- nagement of the life boats on the part of the crew. It was the absence of these qualities—the neglect of ordinarily careful discipline —which no doubt led to the deplorable disaster which has brought grief and mourning to 60 many hearths. There is one other point to be considered in connection with this unfortunate affair, from | which another useful lesson may be gleaned. Had the fire afforded time for the passengers to get off in the boats, there were not, it appears, suffi- cient boats to accommodate them. In how many accidents of this kind would the fact of there being adequate provision for such emer- gencies calm the frantic excitement and insane efforts of persons who are ready to brave death in one form to escape it in another? We think this is a precaution that ought no louger to be left to the discretion of ship owners, A law ehould be passed to prevent passenger ships from carrying any greater number of persons than their complement of life boats will accommodate, With such a legislative safeguard, and the en- forcement of rigid discipline on board passenger ships, we are satisfied that the annual rate of casualties might be reduced to one-third of their present amount. Anonirion Ovrrace ty Canapa—-Derortation ov A SLAVE AGAtNeT ats Own Wait.—We find in the Detroit Free Pres an account of a serious outrage committed on an American citizen with- in the Canadian boundaries. It appears that a party of Southern gentlemen, proceeding in the express train to Windsor, on the Detroit river, were surrounded at Chatham, Canada West, by | a mob of three or four hundred colored men, and a mulatto boy belonging to Mr.°W. R. Merwin, of St. Lonis, was forcibly torn from him and he himself assaulted. These men were all armed with knives and revolvers, and had not the boy's master heen protected by the other passengers it ie probable that he would have sustained grave injurice at their hands, There is no doubt that this outrage was the re- sult of a preconceived plan, forming part of the programme of the underground railroad organi- zation. At London a colored man was observed in close conversation with the boy, and the train had no sooner arrived at Chatham than it was surrounded and attacked in the manner de- scribed. We do not know how far the Canadian autho- rites were cognizant of or winked at these pro- ecedings. It seems to us impossible that euch a project could have been organized and put into execution without some intimation of the fact having reached them. It is a circumstance worthy of remark that the mob was headed by a white man who claimed to be one of her Ma- jesty’s officers, and that the assault was commit- ted upon Mr. Merwin under the pretence of his being authotized to arrest him. Although a slave becomes free on touching the soil of Canada, there is no law, that we are aware of, on the British statute book which renders the willing obedience of a servant to his master cri- minal, or which gives a right to forcibly tear asunder the attachments formed by association and a sense of mutual benefit. In thie case the boy was dragged away from his master in spite of his frantic entreaties and resistance, and there is no doubt that if he had been left to bie own free action he would have instantly returned to him. If there be justice or law in Canada, some effort will, we hope, be made by the authorities to convince the abolitionists and fugitive slaves who have sought refuge there that they owe obe- dience to the principles which govern givilized communities, and that they have no right to force others to adopt their views or follow their example. The morality of slavery is one thing, and the right of free action is another. If the principles contended for by the abolitionists are sound, they resort to inconsistent means of prov- ing their position by denying to the slave the enjoyment of an independent will. In any view of the case, we have to congratu- late the Canadians on being separated from the Southerners by a cordon of free States. Were they not thus fortunately situated, the conduct of the Chatham people might have involved them in serious trouble. A Harry May.—The Hindoo rajah who met with such poor success in securing the shirt of a happy man, the virtues of which would be equal to all the maladies of royalty, would now, if alive, give a premium for the editor of the Rich- mond Whig, or, rather, his shirt. We think so, because this hopeful cotemporary expects a “brilliant triumph” to the opposition in 1860, and says that the prospect puts him in a state of “indescribable joy”—that, in short, he is “as happy in contemplation of this prospect as it is the privilege of mortals to be.” Ng doubt he is, for from his long estrangement from the spoils, he has, mest likely, become one of Pharaoh's lean kine—empty and hungry, and eager for the fray. In this view, the happy man who is a fe- deral office-holder in 1860 will, indeed, be worth a premium. Countina His Curcxexs Berory, Trey Are Harcurp.—The Chicago Times counts upon the success of the Douglas State ticket in Minois by a plurality of eleven or twelve thousand, and upon a majority of six or seven Douglas men in the Legislature which is to refill his place in the Senate. This will do to tell the marines; but six or seven estimated majority in the Legislature is pretty close shaving for an enthusiastic politi- cian, Most likely it will be twice six or seven the other way. THE LATEST NEWS. Our Spectal Washington Despatch. — THR BOUNDARY BETWEEN TYXAS AND NEW MBXI- CO—THK NICARAGUA MINISTER AT THE STATE DE PARTMENT—THE PARAGUAY EXPEDITION AND ITS OBJECTS—A SETTLEMENT OF AL! OUTSTANDING AC- COUNTS WITH SOUTH AND CENTRAL AMERICA —THE PARAGUAY EXPEDITION, FTC. Wasiinatow, Oot. 2, 1858. The Secretary of the Interior sent out yesterday tho surveying party to run the boundary line between Texas and New Mexico. John H. Clark is Commissioner, and John E. Weyss principal assistant surveyor. Gen, Jerez, whom the Nicaraguau goverument sent™ as Minister to this country, had an interview with the Secre- tary of State to-day. He has evidently come to Waahing- ton ina state of alarm. He and the so-called government he represents have discovered there must be no more trifling with this great country. Like tho lion, king of beasts, wo can afford to be magnanimous, but cannot be annoyed and insulted ovorlastingly. It is not improbable the Paraguay expedition may, be- ides settling our account with Lopez, do the same with Nicaragua, New Granada and other States like them. It ig understood Judge Bowlin, the Commissioner who accompanies the Paraguay expedition, will first go up to Ascencion in one of the vessels, leaving most of the fleet at Corrientes till he knows the result of hiv de- mands upon Lopez. He will demand iademnideation for the losses of our citizens and to the family of the Ameri- can shot, an apology for firing upon the ehip, and for other insults to the flag and country, and ratification and fulfil ment of the treaty we negotiated, with sume modifica. tions, however, suitable to present circumstances. Our government will uot, in any treaty, permit citizens of the United States to be put on a footing with the subjects of such @ tyrant, but will insist that they be put on the samo footing with citizens of Paraguay resident in the United States. Should a new treaty be made, it must be on this basis, The ever changing and arbitrary decrees of Lopez or any other despot or government of Paraguay or South and Central America, will not henceforth be ad- mitted as law to set aside obligations of contracts and treaties. ‘The Irving Lyceum, one of the oldest and most noted literary institutions of Washington, gave Mr. T. J. Page, secretary of Commodore Shubrick, of the Paraguay ex- Pedition, a dinner this evening, on the occasion of his de parture, Mr. Page was toasted, and eloquently reepon- ded, Wm. J. Rose, Eaq., of New York, was called upon, fad addressed the company also, THE ORNERAL NEWararet ORArATcH. Wasitixorox, Oct. 2, 1858 Dr. Billings arrived at New Orteans on Monday, bring ing despatches from our Minister at Moxico, Mr. For syth, to our government. His principal object t¢ to por- chaze Minnie rifles for the liberal army, for which pur. pose he is well supplied with funds. He says the Americans are much thought of by the liberal party, and oveupy high stations of trust. He is of the opinion that Souora will soon be ceded to the United States for a con- sideration. On the Sth of September a force was pre. Paring to march on Jalapa, Eacheayaray’s headquarters. During September 979 warrants were lesucd from the Pensiou Office, to satisfy which 148,000 acres of land were necearary. Mr. A. 0. Dayton, Fourth Auditor in the Treasury De- Partment, intelligence of whore death in Philadelphia was this morning rocetved, had been in office about twenty five years News from Utah, Sr. Lov, Oot, 2, 1858. The Salt Lake mail reached St, Joseph on the 26th ult., twenty.one days out. The Mormons were quiet and or derly at the time of departure, A violent snow storm wat encountered by the train west of Laramie, The Indians om the route were quiet. The weekly Sunta Fe mail loft Independence on the 27th ult. H. A. Street, Reeoiver of Public Moneys, and Mr. Register, wore among the passengers Congressional Nomination in Massachusetts, Beetow, Oct. 2, 1858, The Republican Convention of the Sixth district yestor- day nominated John B. Alley, of Lynn, fur Congress, afer Aix ineffectual ballotings. Mr. Alley received sixty-seven voles to thirty two for Timothy Dayw, the present repre. eentative from that district ‘The Pacific Wagon Road. Sr. Lowm, Ort Letters from the Pacific wagon expedition, da Sandy, Oregon, September 7, say that Pushing the work with all possitie despatch, with hopes of reaching Soda Springs before the had weather set Two hundred miles of row were fuished, and an addi tional force is now at work beyond Sait river dition will winter ot Laramie of] Washington on the Sth of October, expedition was good. The Western papers contain very contradictory accounts relative to the South Platte gold diggings. = Samner and Lieut. Gol. Burke arrived bere last night 1858. 4 Wig of. Lander was The expe- lander starts for The health of the Yellow Fever at Savannah, Bavawwan, Get. 1, 1858, There were twelve interments in this city way, of which seven were yellow fever canes. Yellow Fever at New Orleans. New Onikaws, Get. 2, 1858 The deaths by yellow fever in this city yesterday wo fifty eight. Race between Flora Temple and Prt) Divreon, 0+ Flora Temple and Prince trotted in harness course to-day. mile heats, best two in thre the first two heats, Time, 2:31 and 2.34 ora won Pire at St. John, N. mt. St. Joms, Get Last night two tanneries and a cowch fete street were burned surance 2, 1808 yh Unie ‘The joss is partially covered by in Markets, Mowe, Cet. 1, 1808. Cotton—Sales to day 1,500 tales at 12i¢e0. for middling. ‘The sales of the week arid up 9,760 bales, and phe receipts 18,750, against 7,000 for the corresponding werk last year stock 81500. Freighte—Cotton to Havre le., and to other porte easier, but qnotations unchanged Savannatt, Oct. 1, 1958. Cotton quiet: sates light: middling fair at 12%e. Kaisas Gold Mines—The Paraguay Empedition, be. Tetated yestorday that the Attorucy General, the Beore- tary of the Navy and the Commissioner of Patents wore out at Soldiers’ Rest on Saturday, in consultasfon with the President on the cusps of tho rotired and furtoughod off- cers of the navy. Thoy devoted the wholo day to the sub- Ject, and it is now disposed of, all except announcing the decisions in cach particular case, which may not be done for somo weeks to come. ‘This clears the docket of one more of the troubles inhe- rited from the Pierce administration. ‘The Prosident be- ‘ng fully persuaded that creat injustice had boon done by the Naval Retiring Board in some cases, has taken time from his other pressing duties and examined these cases himsoif, go that of any unfortunate officer should fail to be reinstated now he can give up bis case as hopeless, ‘Tho Secretary of the Tuterior received a letter from Go- vernor Denver, of Kansas, to-day, stating that the report of the discovery of gold on the Arkansas river and the head waters of Ue Kansas and south fork of the Pilate are contirmod by lato arrivals from that region. A number of Californians are among the miners, ‘Thoy report great similarity between the specimens found hero and in the Califormia mines. From this fact it is hoped that gold quartz will be found in that vicinity, Tha extent of the mining region is some three hundred niles in length. Governor Denver recommends that the lands embraced within it be withdrawn from pre-emption, and Toft in tho samo condition as similar lands in the mia districts of California, ‘These favorable reports from tho mines created intense excitement in Kansas, and companies wero everywhere being fitted out for the ‘“‘diggins.’’ Judge Bowlin, the Commissioner to Paraguay, arrived in the city to-day from Missouri, where he has been ta arrango his private affairs previous to leaving for South America, He will stay about two days to receive his final instructions from the State Departinent, which will ‘be substantially the same as I wrote you some ten days: ago in my letter of the 17th—an apology for the inaule offered to our fag, indemnity to the South American Nayi- gation Company for its losses, and the ratification of the Schenck and Pendleton treaty, or some treaty that will insure protection to our commerce in that region, He ox- pects 0 go frum New York about the 18th October, im the Sabine, Commodore Shubrick’s flag ship, and sail 'di- rect for Paraguay, leaving the steamers to touch at the different points on the ‘coast for coal, and moet him at Buenos Ayres or Montevideo, the place of rendezvous. He is quite sanguine of succeeding in the object of his mission without resort to force. Should a resort to force, however, bo necessary, he goes out well prepared to em: force the demands of the government. Young Rodgers Sentenced to be Exceuted for the Murder of John Swanston. SUPREME COURT—GENERAL TERM. Before Judges Davies, Sutherland and Hogeboom. Ocr. 2.—This being the last day of the general term, James Rodgers was brought up for sentence of death, om a conviction for the murder of John Swanston. The court room was crowded, but not inconveniently 80, for it was supposed that as the decision of the Court of Appeala had only been -served on tho District Attorney on Friday, immediate steps would mot be taken to vindicate the inajesty of the law. Young Rodgers was brought into court by officer Bu- chanan; and, although he did not manifest a sullenneas and indifforence in his deportment, still he did not appear to realize his awful position. Mr. Sedgwick, the Assistant District Attornery, read the remiteur forwarded to Lim by the Judges of the Court of Appeals—an abstract of which appeared in Saturday's Merarp. Mr. Kellogg, the junior counsel for the prisoner, said he wished to raise an objection. This case was brought on this morning without sutticient notice either tothe or himscif, and therefore he had been unable to look at the papers to see if the proceedings were lar and ie- gal, and of such « nature as would warrant him in keep- jug his seat while the judgment of the court was boing pronounced. He objected to the entry of the order of the Court at that stazo of the prococdiugs. Mr. Sedgwick would fe no answer to the objection. If their Honors saw fit to stay the proceedings, they wera at liberty to do se. The remitteur was returnod to this county yesterday morning, and as soon as it was returned: he sent for the counsel, aud informed him verbaily of tho steps to be taken. If their Honors thought that any time was necessary for the counsel to prepare, he had nothing to say. Jodge Davies remarked that the case had been carried up to the Court of Appeals, and that court bad reversed the judgment of the Sapreme Court, and had directed this Court to proceed to the execution of this matter, Mr. Kellogg said it was the prisoner's it to be advised: of what proceedings were to be taken, and he4ad no notice of the intended order served apou him or bis counsel. Judge Davies 0 serving that be corpus issued in open Court, requiring him to be brought in, in ac- cordance with the statute. Hf the counsel for the prisoner bad anything to say why the demands of the statute and — should not be proceeded with, they would ear him, Mr. Kellogr said—I am deairod on the part of my unfor- tunate client to state to the Court that although he bas nothing to say with reference to the decision of the Court of Appeals, yet he claims—and claims sincerely and honest- ly, o—(hat Le ie placed in his present unfortanate pori- tion, ax much by the force of circumstances and prejudice as he is by any guilty intent that he ever harbored in his soul. With these remarks be submits himself to the Judgmont of the Court. SENTENCE OF DEATH. Judge Davies then proceeded to pass sentence, as fol- lows = James Rodgers, you were indicted in the Court of General Rewions of the city and county of New York for the murder of John Swanston. To that indictment you pleaded not guilty. A trial was had in the Court of Gene Fal Sessions before a jury of your country, and that jory, after deliberstion and careful examination of the testimo- ny, found you guilty of the murder and felony with which you stood charged. The ee had upon the trial in the Court of General Sessions were removed to this Court by your counse!. This Court, upon a review of those proceedings, thought there bad been an error committed whieh might by a possibility have done you a wi A new trial was ordered, and from the judgment of court an appeal was taken by the District Attorney to the Court of Appeals, that coart haw reversed the decision this court, leaving, therefore, your original standing in full force, The highest court of the State bas therefore gent your case, and after solemn doli- an) has adjudged } Nerang, orm Panty PO fa charged against ‘you havo boon legally convicted of that erline’” thing, yng ae remains for “he to do butte point a day for your execution. have appotnted Frt- day, the 12th day of November next bee ie hon which the Sheriff of the city and county of New York Must do execution upon the judgment of the Geueral Ses- sions Mr. Vandervoort, the Clerk of the General Sessions, Fead the usa! formal death warrant. Rodgers was tried and convicted of the murder of Mr. Swanston, on the 13th November, and om the Slet of the eame month Judge i enteverd bim t be executed om Friday, the Mua only hope whieh the unfortunate yooth to him oeition of the Ki any i He was taken in charge by the Sherif and removed to kis cell in the Tombs, followed by a largo crowd Political Intelligences. Younes ix tie Tweurrt Wakp—Mormmnarm or Aart naytt.—The leaders and wire pullers of the various party organizations and cliques in the Twelfth ward are just now beginning to cast about for material to operate upon dar ing the approaching campaign. Candidates for all the Various offices aro riting to the surface in mumbors fright. ful to look upon, and smiling countewances and polite bows greetone at every turn. Among those who are cager to serve the people in the making and administra- tion of their lnws, we find Captain Joseph FH. Toone can Yassing his chances for the somination of Shoriff, and ha appears to be the only man from that section of the city who ix patting forward any claims. Marcellus Kells would go to Congress if the people would send him, but the underenrrent is setting against him, aod his chances are slim. Coroner Samuel A. Hills bas been in office jamt Jong enovgh to inform himse!f of the precive value of the station, and having arrived at the conclusion that it pays, hag consented, without being solicited, to stand for re elec. tion if nnien can be patched np between the Amorican and partir. He bas ao strong ti » for the nomination in the repubti the person of Charles Riddle, who hae 2 led to the that the: nf polities tager, the ion ia tho windward of Hills, and aid of his friends, in being an convention at the precisa is cooking for a candidate able to leap into the time when the offices crman, the aspiranta are more numerous, and {will require considerable manesuvring on the part of he ers, and agreat many fi ramises, to readies candidates to a less nomber thon five. James Davie, banging away at the door of the abliean camp for adraision, in order te lay bie claims before them. In other words, he desires to make known that he is willing to serve two years longer in the Board of Aldermen, without pay, provided his con. stituents are pleased with his part course, about which there ay to be at present considerable doubt, He has aformideb'e rival in hit party in the person of Mr. Neon Crawford, who claims the nomination on the growd of availability. But the Americans are desirous of having something to as the tal a Cal are ine forward old line orthodox whig, and young American ¢ democrats, we learn thet il aehool Henry Jewett and Mr. darnet Meloot aro determined to ron again on thelr popularity without regard to the nomt- Amowe nation, and Mr. im, the present Councilman, thinking he ja justly ebtitied ‘to the office in the line Will put forth hie claims on that round. iy te only nuine we have heard men Thomas Veiteh, a democrat. Ti back ground, however, who wil convention, if U fe Of whiel the old aspirants for diemust, or are looking higher mentioned for that office i# that af Terence Maguire, who is fleing about for the democratic nomination.