The New York Herald Newspaper, July 27, 1858, Page 4

4 NEW YORK HERALD. JAMES GORDON BENNETT, DIOS AND PROPRIETOR, wns OPFIOR N. W. CORNER OF FULTON AND NASSAU 87S cash im atronce IB DAILY HERALD theo conia per IB WEBKLY HERALD every Saturday, a ie4 spy. or ann-m, ‘uropean Belition, $4 per ann’ o Great Britain, or $5 to any part of thy Continent, THE ‘vaMiLy HERALD, every Wednemlay, af frur oe ats per oF $s per annem WoLUNTARY CORRESPONDENCE, contnining important mews, from any quarter of the world; if “ser will he paid jor, BQ-GUS FOREIGN UOKMFSPONDENTS ARB LARLY REQUESTED 10 BEAL ALL LETTERS AND Pock *eN0 NOTICE taken of anonymove communications We do ot return thoae i @ executed with neatness cheapness amt dem Ji PRINT! advertisements 1m BRALD, and in the Bi per annian iy at wie coals per ADVERTISEMENTS renewed screed in the Weunty Henan, Calor: ta an’ Kuropean Editions orery Pamir cansaaabesanchan'ssaehee oer Voetume XXill .... AMOSEMENTA THIN EVRNING. BIBTO’S GABDEN, Broscway—Uncux Foorus-Pocs 6%, Hrowdway—TRise Worxing TH Onsoie—> an ‘on My Two Fatuens. Puexon Tua: POLIT AN Leal Brosdway- cn Ra Liox— AMERIOLN MUSEUM, Brosdway—, PR ny Rg rep Beth AND CURIOSTIEA. WOODS BUILDING, 66: and 563 Drpeway-Brmoruan Bencs, Daxous, 2c —Panoxaus or tax Huvson Rives. NICS’ HALL, 47: Broadwa:—Bayawrs’ Minstaxts ‘MaLopiss AND BURL ESQUES—VIRGINIA FustiV al. — PALAOE GABDER, Forrieenth street and Six/h avenue— Puonmnadt Concent—DusrLar or Finewouns, Ac. New York, Tuceday, July 27, 1858. BAILS FOR ECROPE. fee Now York Heraid—Editon for t.arope. ‘The Cunard mail steamstip Canada, Capt. Lang, will leave Boston on Wednes tay, for Liverpool. The European maiis wil! close in this city this af- ternoon, at half-past two e’clock, to go by railroad, and fat balf-past four o'clock, to go by steamboat. ‘The Bu’oyeen edition of the Haas, printed ix French tnd English, wil be published at ter o’clook im the Morning. Single oupies, in wrappers, six conte. Bubscriptions and advertisements for any edition of the Saw Y¥os= Banat will be recetved at the following place in Torepe— ‘ie: faws......Am.-Boropean Exoress Co. ,6 Pisce dele Rourse svaara0..Am.-@uropean Express Oo., 9 Obapel street, B, Sheers, to Bachenge Gees, eat, i Savana ....Am.-European Express Co., 31 Rue Corn’ tlie, ‘The contents of the European edition of the Azar wl combife the news received by mail and telegrapb at be office during the previous week, and up to the hour of ablucatioa ‘The News. The steamship Europa, from Liverpool on the 17th of July for Halifax and Boston, was boarded off Cape Race by the news yacht of the Associated Press yesterday. The news is three days later than that brought by the Indian to Quebec. Cotton had declined slightly at Liverpool and the market was dull. Breadstuffs also tended downward. Consols closed in London at 954 a 953 for money. The Atlantic telegraph fleet was to leave Queens. town for the rendezvous in mid-ocean, on 17th inst., and the ships have probably reached the point of junction ere this. ‘The new India bill had passed a second reading in the House of Lords. The Jeddah massacre attracted much attention throughout Europe. Turkey had promised to avenge the massacre, and it was reported that English and French troops would occupy the place. Bombay advices to the 19th ult. state that the Calpee rebels bad defeated the Scindia troops at Gwalior, and numbers of the latter had deserted to the enemy. A British force was preparing to re- capture Gwalior. The steamship North Star arrived at this port about eleven o'clock last night. Her news hasbeen anticipated by the arrival of the Indian at Quebec. We give elsewhere some interesting details. From Utah we have news to the 25d inst. Every- thing was quiet in the Territory, and the Mormons were returning to their homes. Brigham Young and the heads of the Mormon church bad returned to Salt Lake City. Reports of gold deposits in the vi cinity of St. Verian’s Fort were made by some of the returning teamsters, but not much credit was given them. Gen. Johnston had passed through the city, and encamped thirty miles beyond. Brigham Young was anxious to be tried for treason, provided the jury should consist of Mormons only. Leavenworth advices to the 23d state that an ex- press had arrived from Gen. Harney's headquarters, with instructions as to the disposition of the forces in Utab. We have news from Havana dated the 15th of July. Fiftytwo Yucatan Indians, and over one hundred Asiatics, from the Cape of Good Hope, had been landed. Among the latter were thirty-four females. The United States ships Jamestown and Constellation were off the port on the 10th and 11th inst. The British gunboats Jasper and Jasseur were also in sight. The Regia railroad works made progress, with American machinery and pend the supervision of American workmen. Yellow fever still prevailed, and had carried off Mr. John Foster, of Maine. Freights had not improved. Sugar had advanced. Exchanges were more quiet. Our special Washington correspondent infurms us that Mr. Dickey has received the appointment of Postmaster at Buffalo, and Mr. Fonda to the same office at Troy, thus ending the desperate contest for these offices. Physicians report that there is an annsnally large increase in the number of cholera morbus cases in their practice within the last month. It has become quite an epidemic, though it prevails in a mild form, and rarely results fatally with adults. From the City Inspector's report it appears that 279 persons died last week of disease of the digestive organs, of which 159 were cases of cholera infantum. Of cho- lera morbus cases but three deaths are reported, notwithstanding its prevalence tn the city. The unusually cold weather, together with the large quantity of unripe frait and vevetables in maefioat, will account for the presence of this summer pest in our midst. ‘There was a large tarn out of the German military and civic atsociations at Jones’ Wood yesterday. the occasion being a festival given by them in aid of the fund for the erection of a monument to the memory of Baron Steuben. Some 5,000 people were on the ground, and the exercises consisted of vocal and in strumental music, dancing, gymnastic feats and drinking lager. Addresses in German, appropri ate to the occasion, were made by Dr. Frosch and Messrs. Fuster and Strave. The festival will continue over to-day, when there will be prize shooting on the ground, as well as other interesting exercises. No doubt a large fund will be realized for the erection of the monument The Board of Aldermen met in session last evening, and transacted a lorge amount of business. The Mayor sent in a message enclosing a petition from a rociety formed for the purpose of providing free and safe river baths for the use of the people at large, asking the privilege of doing 80. His Honor recom- mended the memorial to a favorable consideration. A resolution providing for the establishment of a general tariff of ferry charges was referred to the proper committee. it was also given in charge to the Committee on Ferries tw consider the propriety of advertising the rig'it of running a ferry from the lower part of the city to Harlem for a period of ten years. Tt was said that the franchise was now enjoyed by a company which paid nothing into the treasury. The question of ad. vertising for lease of the piers on the Hast river, now tused ax « landing place by the Peck slip Farry Com pany, was made the special order for next meeting. The Comptrotier suimitted an ordi for the wevveu a Cen Pack fad wf 79400, T ue awards amount to $5,069,693 70, and the cost of Commissioners, aa taxed by the Supreme Conrt, $57,943 60. The matter was referred to the Com- mittee on Finance, ‘The Commissioners of Health held a meeting & noon yeste:day—his Honor the Mayor presidiug. The ship Grotto, on petition, was permitted to pro- ceed to sea on shipping » new crew—the old crew being detained at Quarantine. The bark Flora was permitted to remove from the lower Quarantine anchorage to Hunter's Point for repairs. The bark ‘Trojan petitioned to be permitted to come up and discharge her cargo, but having sickness on board the application was denied. The Corinthian, from Port au Prince, sent in a petition asking leave to come up to ship two hundred bules of wool te Eu- rope, but the application was denied in consequence of there being eome sickness on bourd. The Board then adjourned, Tne Health Officer at Quarantine is strenuously enforcing the directions given him by the Mayor aud Commirsioners of Health regarding the quarantin- ing of vessels arriving from New Orleans, ua well as from Cuban ports, whether they have sicknessor not. Shippers and others interested in the trade with ‘New Orleans find fault with the Commissioners for the action they have taken, declaring it to be harsh and unnecessary; but the Board firmly adheres to the position it has taken. Quite a storm prevailed in the lower bay yesterday, rendering it almost im- possible for lighters to lay alongside to receive the cargoes of the quarantined veasels. ‘There was a regular monthly meeting of the City Mission of the Tract Society, at 8 o’cluok last even- ing, in the rooms of the Union Theologicat Seminary, when the monthly and general statistics were pre- sented. Reports of missionaries were read, and the ordinary exercises of the meeting performed. Colovel Blount and his family did not leave the city on Satarday last, as was reported. It is stated that Colonel Blount had made his arrangements to jeave, but Mrs. Blount, hearing that her husband had received a letter from Mobile containing money, directed to herp refused to go. They are now stopping at the New York Hotel. Huncke is visited daily by his numerous friends at the Bergen jail, where he is confined. The whereabouts of the gal- lant Zouave has not yet been ascertained. f In the Supreme Court yesterday Judge Ingraham gave a decision denying the motion to vacate the order of arrest of James Sutton Elliott, the British Military Storekeeper, charged with embezzling money from the government of England. Mr. Elliott has the privilege of renewing his application on additional affidavits. In the Marine Court yesterday Judge McCarthy rendered a decision in the case of one of the District Court clerks (over-holding under act o' the Legis- lature), who sued the Common Council for salary alleged to bave accrued after his successor had been appointed by the Mayor and Board of Aldermen, The Judge decided against the claimant, and in a very clear and succinct opinion declares the act of the Legislature unconstitutional, and to have been paseed for the special purpose of providing for the life tenure 0 the office by the clerks then in possession. In an action against the Mayor for an alleged fal-e arrest and imprisonment of a vender of um- bre!las on the sidewalk, Judge McCarthy also gave a verdict for the defendant. There was no quorum of the Excise Commissioners present at their meeting yesterday,and consequently no licenses could be granted, though several appli- c.ticns tor them were received. Ow \pg to the character of the foreign sdvices by the s evmer Indian «nd by the Europa, vis Cape Race, the cottom market was unsettied yesterday, and sales confined $>+mall ote et irregular prices. Common grades were dol, while holders of higher qualities ext ibited norelaxe- ticn im their views, The receipts at the ports show an increase over those of the past year for the same period, @ 2>oa\ 163,000 bales. The increase in exports to Great Britrin smounts to about 363,000 bales. The decrease in exports to Frazce to about 29,000. The total tucrease in exports bave reached about 800,0)0bales. Estimates ro- garding the armpupt of damage inflicted on the growing crop ere atill at variance. [hey rarge from 200,000 to 500,000 bales. The true amount will, probably, be found Ddetween these extremes. Opinions ecatitied to considera- top range from 200,000 to 500,000 bales as the provable amoust of damage to the crop from inuncation. Cammoa grades of flour were less buoyant yesterday, while fresh ground was maintained w\\h more firmness. The sales of all kinds were moderate. Wheat was stesdy, and sales em- braced about 26,000 a 90,000 bushels, at rates given in spotber column. Included in the sales were 1,200 bushels prime new Southern white at $145. Corn was irm, wit sales Of prime sound Southern white at $1, and sound Southern yellow at 98c.,and Western mixea, unsound to fpood and sound, at 68¢ a 8c a 87c Mess pork was frm, with sales at $17 12}¢ a $17 25, and of prime at $13 908 $14 Samples of smoked bams were exhibited on the Corn Exchange yesterday, imported from Dubiio, Ireland, which were cut and tested by good judges, who pro- nounced them to be of superior quality. The house hav- tog them on sale ark S00. per Ib, Sagare wore firm, with sales of 400 a 600 hhds. and 180 boxes, at rates given in another ‘column. Froights were steady, with moderate engegements. Mr. Senator Douglas and his Floal Battle in Iilnots upon the Kaneas Question. We transfer to our columns this morning all that portion of the late speech of Mr. Senator Douglas, at Bloomingten, [linois, on the test question of Kansas; and we commend his re- marks to the attention of our readers, of all seo- tions and parties, as furnishing a pretty dis- tinct conception of the critical situation of the Little Giant and of his hitherto invincible de- mocracy in bis own State. It is a fitting conclusion to the Kansas agita- | tion, that upon the author of it, and in an ap- } peal to his own immediate constituents, ehould devolve the responsibility and the hazards of | tho closing battle. Little did Mr. Douglas | imagine on the day when he introduced his | Kaneas-Nebraska panacea of “popular sove- | reignty” in the Senate in 1854, thet ia 1958, in | Iilinois, and upon this very iseug, he would be pushed to the brink of destruction. His esti- mates were limited to the Cincinnati Conven- | tion, and to the Southern balance of power in | that body which was to decide the democratic | Presidential nomination of 1856. Poor Pierce | wae persuaded to invest bis political for- | tunes in, the same enterprise; but when the time came, the tremendous reaction which the repeal of the Missouri compromise had pro- | duced in the North compelled the extreme | South to cast both Pierce and Douglas over- boatd, and to make a compromise upon Mr. | Buchanan, whore bands were clean of the | Kauear-Nebraeka bill, and whose position, as the ultimatum of Pennsylvania, would admit of no alternative. Dieappointed ond soured at this result, Mr. Douglas was not long in shaping out his future courte of action. If he could not be the Prest- sident be might still be the controlling spirit of bis aéministration; and 20 the ambitious Sene- tor awaited his opportunity. He gave a timely warning, however, to Mr. Buchanan, in the summer of 1867, in that remarkable letter con- cerning an executive appointment at Waching- ton. The gentleman appointed-—a worthy and capable man--was the father-inlaw of Mr. Douglas; but the Senator admonished the Pre- cident that this particular appoiotment was not | to be considered ae part and parcel of the ex- eoutive patronage due to the State of Iilinois The President gave a good natured and satisfac- cory reply; but it ie very likely that he dis covered something more in the curious letter of instrnetion of Mr. Douglas than what appeared apon the surface. At all events, the home organ of Mr. Douglas—the Chicago Times—soon thereafter lifted the veil, and from ery to doy, with still ingecasing emphasis, pre- if NEW YORK HERALD, TUESDAY, JULY 27, 1858. pared the public mind for the premeditated re- volt upon the Lecompton constitution. From that point the couree of Mr. Donglas, avd his ressons therefor, are given ia the *ptech under review; but he cannot escape the suspicion that his paramount object was to rale or ruin the sdministration. He doubtless be- lieved bimeelf perfectly safe at home, under any possible contiogencies; and this was hie fatai mistake in bis declaration of war against the Kauses policy of Mr. Buchanan. A more sugecious politician, intent upon promotion, wou!d bave acted more wisely. He would have remembered and would have profited from the fate of other distinguished bolters from the ad- ministration and the national organization to which they bad belonged. He would have re- membered the turning point in the career of Calhoun, and the first cabinet of Jackson; of Jnckeon’s Secretary of the Treasury, Louis M’Leen; of Talimadge and Rives, and the 60- called conservatives of their day; of Cambre- Ving, Van Buren, Benton, and a host of others; aud from their experience he would have under- stood the dangers of a similar course. Mr. Douglas, too, appears to have forgotten that when a political leader has arrived in his own State at a certain height of popularity, esiousies and enmities are certain to arise in bis party camp, which, if not skilfully managed, are sure to crush him. Thus Benton, so long the party dictator of his State, lived to be at- terly annihilated in Missouri; thus Webster outlived bis popularity in Massachusetts; and thus even Henry Clay, in 1848, found a clique of the whigs of Kentucky operating against him. In this view we fear that Mr. Douglas has paseed his zenith in Dlinois, and that he has brought into play against him those personal jealousies and rivalries at home from which he has scarcely a chance of escape this fall, and from which he may never recover. Under the wing of the administration he might safely have defied all his party enemies; but in deserting the administration he has given them the best of excuses for turning upon him. It is impossible to read this Bloomington speech without the conviction that Mr. Douglas feels that the odds are heavily against him, and that his chances of a return to the Senate are exceedingly slim. From his, unmeasured eulo- giom of Mr. Crittenden and his Kansas bill one would suspect that he would have no objection to the support of the Know Nothings, and from “the meed of praise” which he says is “due to the republican party in Congress,” he may ex- pect some manifestations of gratitude from that side of the house; but all these overtures and estimates are quashed when he comes to talk of “the republican leaders (of Illinois) forming an alliance with professed Lecompton men (demo- crats) to defeat every democratic nominee, (that is, every Douglas nominee,) and elect re- poblicans in their places.’’ And further on, when he tells us that “these bolting democrats, who now claim to be the peculiar friends of the na- tional administration, and have formed an al- liance with Mr. Lincola and the republicans, for the purpose of defeating the democratic party, have ceased to claim fellowship with the democratic organization,” and are operating “pot with the hope or expectation of electing any one” of their candidates “to office in any county in the State, but merely to secure the defeat of the democratic nominees, and the election of republicans,” we must give itup. If this third party of “pro- feesed democrats” poll throughout the State even fifteen thousand votes, it is all over with Mr. Douglas and his partyin the November election. The republicans are confident of success, even should this third party of ‘professed demo- crats” join the Douglas party ; and from the! Opposition vote of 1856 for Governor, it would appear that there is a decided anti-democratic majority in Illinois. We fear that this demo- cratic split has now gone too far even for the administration to heal in season to prevent a defeat, complete and decisive. Illinois, then, will be carried by the republicans, and perhaps Indiana from the eamecause. And what then! What if Pennsylvania should be added to the list from the Forney and Montgomery bolt in that quarter '—and what if the opposition, from these apd other gains, should carry the next House of Representative? Only thia The administra- tion has yet over two years to run. Having cut loose from the wreck of the Kansas Loltera, having passed the crisis of the late financial re- vuision, and baving cleared away the chief ob- stacles of the late session, the democracy may be reorganized upon new issues, and the whole face of things by the year 1860 may be changed under the reaction of better times, and under the auspices of Mr. Buchanan's conservative, bat positive and decisive administration. Meantime, from the speech of Mr. Donglas before us, it is reduced almost toa certainty that his closing battle upon his Kansas Nebras- ka bill will end in his defeat, andin the occupa- tion of Illinois by the black republicans. Gevenat Warxer’s Last Errort.General William Walker is making a desperate effort to prevent the waves of oblivion from sweeping over him. His struggle is something like the famous one of Mrs. Partington with the Atlantic, so plea- eantly recounted by Sydney Smith. Bat we fear the filibusters will experience the same fa‘lure that Mra. Partington did when she en- deavored, with her broom, to sweep out the angry tide impelled by the rising tempest. He has bad his day, and played his part in life. The crucible of time hase shown to the world that there is nothing in him. No man of the preeent age, on this continent, has had a better opportunity, or made a greater failare. THis last effort is contained in a letter to the Mobile Register—reprinted in another colamn- in which he repeats his story of an intimation having been made to him from the government to abandon Nicaragua and turn his mighty genius to Mexico. The amusing part of his present letter is bis assumption of a higher morality than that which pervades the goverameni, and « claim on his part to be the representative man of a great cause, “and an humble instrament in the hands of a higher power.” He tells us aleo that o studied attempt is being made to injure the good name which he inherited from bie fathers, forgetful that in this country every man’s name depends upon his own acts. He has repeated this story of an application from a cabinet officer in regard to Mexico so often thet he probably has come to believe it himself, and is how strenuously engaged in the attempt to induce other people to believe it. The etate- ment is not worthy of a denial; and as for Walker himself, he is following the peth of all “played out’ men. His circle of sdmirers and followers is becoming amall by degrees anid beautifully less, and hie only hope of improve- ment is that of rousing again the attention of the goverpmeut towards him, Financial Evils of the Country—William H. Seward. Now that we are fairly out of the woods, and the country begins to eee daylight on the slavery question, it would be almost amusing, bot for the memory of black republican rogueries, to gether into a birdseye retrospect the mapufectared fury with which a large por- tion of our newspaper contemporaries have en- deavored to larh different sections of the Union into collision with each other upon the very paltry issue of Lecompton and anti-Lecompton. The Kaneas trouble, with its motley adjuncts, is, after all the clatter, dead and gone, and although its ghost will be forced to stalk until after the fall Congressional elections, it will be heard of but a very few months more. All parties will look back at it in 1860 as upon a political nightmare, and knaves and asses will unite in deprecating the folly of having taken part in ite excitement. The dark financial sloud which baa fer some months overshadowed the horizon will have developed into a before the next Congress, and by 1860 white end black nigger anxieties will be ewallowed up in the momentous questions—“Who reduced the treasury to ite impoverished condition? and under what captain can we moat safely ride out the etorm?” It is eary to perceive that the mere prudent preeses of the country, in bringing forward candidates for the Presidential succession, have an eye, thus early, to the effect which the names of their favorites may produce in the alarm which will be excited by the anomaly of a na- tional debt created in time of peace, and a nearly doubled expenditure with a decreasing revenue. On the democratic side, Senator Hunter and Secretary Floyd, Governor Wise and John Sli- dell, Secretary Thompson, and Stephens of Georgia, Thompson of Mississippi, and Howell! Cobb, Daniel S. Dickinson and ex-Secretary of the Treasury Guthrie, Vice President Brecken- ridge and Jefferson Davis, Secretary Toucey and Postmaster General Brown, have been, se- parately and severally, trotted out as “safe men;’’and a score more of aspirants will appear in time. The Charleston Convention will have to perform the delicate task of choosing from among them candidates for the Presidency and Vice Presidency who are, at the same time, un- saturated with “nigger,” and whose antecedents afford a guarantee that the national finances will be restored, under their auspices, to a healthy condition. The united opposition will have to select either William I. Seward him- self, or else John Bell, Chase of Ohio, Senator Crittenden, Governor Banks, or one of two or three others of like kidney; and the triumph of either of these latter over the democratic can- didate will be mainly attributable to the influ- ence at the North of Mr. Seward, who would thus become the inevitable Grand Lams and anointed high priest of the Union from 1861 unti] 1865. Now, as Mr. Seward twenty years ago came Into power in his native State under cir- cumstances very similar to those which may elect an opposition President in 1860, the course which he then pursued at Albany, and which always has been defended by himself and his friends, may be regarded as the index of what he would do, on a large scale, at Wash- ington, if the appliances were at his command. In the month of May, 1837, all of the banks in New York, and nearly all in the Union, stopped specie payments. The mone- tary crisis of that and the succeeding years has had no subsequent parallel until last fall. As usual, the entire odium was thrown upon the then dominant party, which fell to the ground with a crash ; and on the Ist of January, 1439, William H. Seward assumed the gubernatorial chair at Albany. Ie came into power with flying colors, and amidst the ringing applauses of the multitude, who had be- come satiated with the rule of the Albany Regency. Notwithstanding the hard times, and almost suspended animation in commerce and trade, the finances of the State proper never were in a more flourishing condition. Mr. Seward found it indebted, upon his advent to office, $5,000,000. He at once Inaugurated, however, his political system, which, as was said at the time by one of the first men in the State, consisted in “purchasing supporters, pensioning dependents and rewarding follow- ers.”’ His administration only lasted until the end of 1812, and he left New York, after an administration of only four years, owing $26,000,000. It was ascertained, after he was succeeded by Governor Wright, that had his iniquitous plans been entirely carried out, they would have involved an expenditure of nearly sixty millions of dollars! He proved himself to be the most unscrupulous adept in pecuniary and political profligacy that the United States had ever produced. He had inoculated nearly every township with corruptien and bribery, and nearly bankrupted the wealthiest member of the American confederacy. New York has ever since staggered under the burdens which Sewardiem in finance and Seward depravity among public men have fastened upon it. In the United States Senate William H. Seward has been, for over fifteen years, the arch-fiend of American politics, Not a echeme for robbing the treaeury can be named with which he has not been more or Jess associated. The lobby regard him ae thefr king. The broad mantle of his pro- tecting influence is thrown alike over Matteson and Greeley, Webb and Wolcott—in fact, over every one, of every party, provided tho assault to be made is upon the Treasury. Not a project, under tho pretext of “internal improvement,” to enrich a few speculators, can be started but he supports it, and is practically indifferent whether it is North or South, Kast or West, for the benefit of abolitionists or of secessionist fire-eaters. Tlie name taints, with honest men, everything with which it becomes associated. | It prostrated the cause of Winfeld Scott, when he stood before the country as a candidate for the Presidency, and it is to be hoped that it will drag to the ground every other with which it } may ever be aesociated. Should an opposition President be elected | under the wuepices of Mr. Seward, it is impos- sible to resist the conviction that the deliberate system which would sway the councils of the party in power, would be the re-adoption of that which he acted on while Governor of New York. His plan then was, and would be again, to com- bine the Jocal interests of sections of the coun- try with those of the hordes of contractors and sharks who besiege the doors of the Treasury, and, under the plea of “developing the re- rourees of the Union,” to increase the national debt indefinitely, and mortgage the next gene- ration for the benefit of his followers. The canldron will not begin fairly to boil until after the fall elections. Then we shall see whether the millenium is approaching for broken down, decayed political hacks, like Webb, Weed, Greeley, Matteson, Suip Simonton and Wesley, tnt | cr whether the remainder of their miserable ex- istence is to be spent ia starving over pilfered old bones Grom which they have already guawed off the meat. The immediate preparatory p »ticy of the opposition is “to divide the South and unite the North.” It won’t work It is the North which will be divided, as it was iv 1852; but tbe South have the advantage that they re- main united ; that they will not fall usder the control of fanatics, secessionists, traitors aud corruptioniste; and that even the biggest half of the stolen loaf will not buy them into the support of either Mr. Seward or any one over whom he has the sligbtest influence. Mors Rar.way Murpers to Come.—There is an old eaying, to the effect that lightning never strikes twice im the eame place; but the phile- esophers have disproved all that long ago. On the same principle as that deduced from the respectable but fallacious saw, we find many people who seem inclined to believe that we have a term of railway accidents, as we have a week of hot weather. Some go so far as to charge the blundering stupidity and mismaa- agement of railway officials to the account of Divine Providence, and look upon the slaugh- tering of ® score of passengers as a special judgment, warning, dispensation, or come other cant of the came order. We have had quite enough of this; and it is time to tell the travel- ling public the danger in which it stands. ‘The fact is, that railway business in the Unit- ed States has been altogether overdone, Pa- rallel lines have been built to a ruinous extent, and the competition for passengers and freight has been so strong that the rates for carrying both have been reduced to far below a paying point, An example of this is found in the old quarrel between the Erie and the Central. Euch is endeavoring to kill the other, aud a result similar to that of the famous battle of the Kilkenny cats is inevitable. Many other railways are carrying on the same contest on @ small ecale. Other roads, which evjoy a monopoly of travel, have been so badly managed that they can neither earn nor borrow money enough to pay the interest on their debts and keep their tracks in decent order, to say nothing of the dividends. In some cases the earnings of the road, which ought to be appropriated to its re- pairs, are paid in dividends to the stockholders, in order to keep the concern above water in Wall street. To these facts we must add a few more. Nearly all the railways in this country have been built cheaply, shabbily, insecurely and hastily. The public demands « high rate of speed, and that will wear out the badly built road in four or five’ years, There being no money to pay for renewing it, the consequence is that we have to ride over crazy, tumble down concerns, with twisted rails and rotten bridges. We are quite sure to have a pretty good num- ber of contusions and abrasions, and we are very lucky if we get off with nothing worse. Year by year the railways are getting deeper in débt, and human life grows less and leas secure. Now a railway murder is talked of for a day or two and then forgetten. Very soon we shall become so far familiarized with these shocking events that their recurrence will ex- cite no particular remark. As the roads get older they will become more rotten and more digerous than ever. But there will one day be an end to all of this When things get to the worst they must be mended by strong legal action—not civil suits for damages, but criminal prosecutions against the presidents and directors. If one or two or them were convicted of manslaughter and punished properly we should not hear of so many “accidents.” That happy day, we fear, is still far distant. Tue Government or New Catxponta—A rumor reaches us from England, by the steamer at Quebec, to the effect that Sir Allan MacNab, of Hamilton, Canada West, is to be the new Governor of New Caledonia. The best reason for paying any attention to this story grows out of the fact that Sir Allan lately married one of his daughters to a young English nobleman, Viscount Bury, who, being able to talk intelli- gently and to write grammatically, has made something of a sensation among the youthful aristocratic politicians of Great Britain. It is understood that he stands very well with the present government; and it is quite natural that he should desire to do something for his father- in-law, to whom, if report speaks truth, any favor of the kind would be acceptable. But a worse man for the government of New Caledonia than Sir Allan MacNab could not be found in all the length and breadth of the Queen's dominions. Tis success in life, and his title, were won by his intense hostility to the people of this country during the late Cana- dian rebellion. A tory among the tories, Sir Allan—then o small Canadian lawyer—was for carrying the war into Africa, and desolating the State of New York with a hundred and forty Canadian recruits; had he had his way, Mr. Lyon Mackenzie and a good many others might have been hanged. It is doubtful whether he ever smelt mach powder in action ; but he talked well. For his yalorous speeches, and the loyal deeds which he only failed to do for want of opportanity, he was knighted; and that honor thrust him so far forward among his own countrymen that he subsequently played a prominent part on the somewhat contracted arena of Canadian poli- tloa, Ilis opportunities, then, were excellent; bunt he never showed the least administrative capacity; and was never to the Jast, by any chance, pried out of the ruts of tory routine in which he had spent his life. To the last he showed himself to be as hostile to free institu- tions and to the march of liberal ideas as when be was the humble servant of the old Upper Canada family compact. Such a manin New Caledonia would be certain to fall to fighting with the miners from California. If the British want trouble with the United States, Sir Allan MacNab is the very best man they can find to govern the new gold country. The only hope for the lovers of peace, if he be appointed, will rest on the chance that Sir Allan's great age may induce him to decline the onerous taek. We see in the papers and the Washing- ton despatches a good deal of confusion in re- ference to this new gold country. It does not seem to be generally understood that the mo- nopoly of the Hudson’s Bay Company does not extend to Vancouver's Island, or to New Cale- donia. These two regions, both of which former- ly formed part of the Hudson Bay Company's territory, were severed from it nearly ten years Ago, and resumed by the British crown. Van. couver's Island, which promised to become a populous settlement, was erected into a colony with a popular Legislature; but for the con- venience of the Hudson’s Bay Company. their chief factor, Mr. Douglas, was appointed Gover- nor. The peltries on the island, and the exclu- sivg right of trading with the Indians for furs, &o., were lensed to the Hudson's Bay Company for & period of ten yeurr, A eimilar lease it ia beeved was executed ia favor of the compasy with regard to the right of bavting and trading with the Indians in New Cajedopia, (in which the gold ditcoveries bave been made;) but be- yend the rights conferred by this lease, the com- pany have pope. The Hudtou’s Bay Company bas ‘no more right to levy a liceuee on miners in New Cate. dovia, or tuimpede trade there, than the East In- dia Company. There can be nodoubt but F-szer river is at this moment as free avd Open te American veecele, ard its borders as free and open to American miners, as the St. Lawrence or the Ottawa. Tux News rrom Mexico.—We learn, by tele- graph from New Orleans, that intelligence hed been received there, by the way ot Moaterey, of the abdicution of President Zaloaga, who had fled from the capital, leaving the government in the hands of Senor Couto and two birbops This, if true, is of importance ; but telegraphic reports from New Orleans, of Mexicaa news, have generally been of the most uureliahle kiud. ‘There is one point in the news which coincides with our previous information: Governor Garsa had taken his departure from Matamoros for tee purpoee of joining Governor Vidaorri in bis contemplated advance upon San Luis Potoai. As this city has already fallen into the hands of the constitutionalists, it is said to be the ieten- tion of Vidaurri to advance at once upon the city of Mexico; and he may make good his promise to P esident Juaraz, to reinstate him ia the federal capital. We eee no reason to doubt the fall of San Luis, as the garrison. was smull after the departure of Miramon for the west, and the death of General Osolios had de- moralized the garrison at that place. We shall wait the arrival of the regular mails for the confirmation of the report of the flight of Presi- dent Zuloaga. As Mr. Forsyth, our late mivia- ter there, is now on his way home, it becomes doubly important that the goverument should have a competent representative in that repab- lic. In the new combinations attending the re- establishment of the constitutional goverament many novel questions will come up, and our legation will be looked to by the liberala for advice and moral support. Toe Great Auenican Tour—A Onancx ror Pvsiisiers.—The outline which we published the other day, of a grand continental tour from the Atlantic to the Pacific, has been and will ve read far and wide, in Europe as well as all over the United States. The variety and grandeur of the scenery there'n depicted, far surpassing as it does that which any other route known te tourists presents, cannot fail to attract travel- lers from all parts of the world; and in a year or two we may expect te have the plains and mountains between the Miseouri and California travereed by as numerous parties of pleasure seekers as are now found spending their summer months in exploring the Catskill, the Alle ghanies, the Blue Ridge, the White mountains, the Cheriot hills, or the mountains of Switzer- land. In the meantime, come of our enterprising pub- lishers chould bring out our eketch of the route in pamphlet form, enlarged, if they choose, and illustrated with views of the principal scenca. The materials for the purpore they will find in the various reports’ of explorations of those regions made by Fremont, Emory, Marcy, Stans- bury, Williamson, Ives, and many other officers of the government and printed by order of Coa- gress. Such a guide book could not fail to be highly remunerative to the publishers, It would find an extensive sale all over the United States and in Europe ; for the works in which alove de- ecriptions of these scenes are to be found have been printed in very limited quantities and have not found their way into the hands of one out of every five thousand of our people. Our article bas awakened public attention to the unnumbered wonders that lay along the overland route to the Pacific, and a well illustrated pamphlet on the same subject would be read with avidity by ail classes of our citizens, THE LATEST NEWs. Our Spectal W Despateh GENERAL CASH aND TH aT OF SHAROH QUES- TION—THE GRRMAN SOUIKTIA8 AND THS SrRUDER MONUMENT—-THE NEW YORK POST OFFICE aArP- POINTMENTS——INDIAN AFFAIRS IN KANS4s—sR17 URE OF THR BHIG CAROLINE—THE COLLINS STR «M- SHIP COMPANY—DISTRICT ATYURNBY FOR Mia SOURI-—THE PREAIDENT’S VISIT TO BEDFOAD SPRINGS, ETO. Wasnixcrow, July 26, 1958. The despatch of the European news brought by the Indian, in yesterday's Henan, on the debate in Parliament with regard to the right of search ques- tion, and the assurances of General Case to Lord Napier, does not state the case properly. All that General Cass sald to Lord Napier in reply to the British Minister's proposition that the two govern- ments should enter into a negotiation for the par- pose of establishing some rule for the verification or determining the nationality of vessels at sea, was, that our government would consider any proposition received from the British government, but had none to offer, and doubted if any plan could be adopted that would not be subject to great objections and greater evile than those which the British govern- ment expected to prevent. The language of General Case does not jostify the color mid to have been given in Parliament to this question. ‘The German societies of Washington had a grand festiv@l at Arlington (the late Mr. Custis’ estate) to- day for the purpose of aiding to build the proposed monument to General Steuben. The proceeds of the festival will go to that object. It was a joyous occasion. Several thousand persons were present. Mr. Fonda has heen appointed Postmaster at Troy, ond Mr. Dickey at Buffalo, Thusthe desperate fight over these offices is ended. President Bochanan remarked to a «-ntleman who came on to assist one of the applicants that the New York appointments gave bim more trooble than all the foreign affairs of the country, Seth Glover, indian agent in Kansas, complains to government of the violation of property and righta of Indians in that Territory by white settlers. No official communication has been made to the State Department regarding the seizure of the American brig Caroline, by the British steamship Alecto. The Secretary of the Navy has decided against the application of Mr. Fuller, who claimed to represent the Collins’ Steamship Company, to make Portland the terminus of the line on this side of the Atlantic. ‘The Secretary considers the terms of the contract explicit, and that he cannot legally change the ter- minus. Alfred M. Lay has been appointed District Attor- ney for the western district of Missouri, vice Parsons, resigned. ‘The President expects to be able w leave Wash- ington to-morrow for Bedford springs. Secretary Floyd and Mr. Appleton are expected to return to Washington in a few days. THR ORTERAL NEWSPAPER DREPATCH. Wasnixoron, July 26, 1858. Alfred M. Lay, Bsq., has been appointed by the President United States Attorney for the Wosters district of Missouri. ‘The Seoretary of the Navy bas decided against