The New York Herald Newspaper, July 10, 1858, Page 4

4 NEW YORK HERALD. JAMES GORDON BENNETT, EDITOR AND PROPRIETOR. OFFIOR N. W. CORNER OF FULTON AND NASSAU STS THE LY HERALD every at mx cents per eopy, or’ ‘anny: the Buropean 84 per annum, to SER RELY Great Briiain, or $9 t0 ony part af the Continent, THE r LD, every Wednesday, at four cents per ony. Bega OLUNTARY CURRESPONDENCE, containing important fews, solicited from any quarter of the world, if used, will be Rberally paid Jor, SQr OUR FOREIGN CORRESPONDENTS ARE PAxTiCULARLY SRQUESTED TO SBal ALL LetTExs aND Pack AGH SENT UB NO NOTICE taken of anonymous communications. We do Mot return those rej Cd PRINTING exerted with weatness, cheapmess and des- ADVERTISEMENTS rencead every day: advertisements in: serted im the Weexty Herston, Famicy ena, and in the CalYornta and European Euitions Volume TERMS, cash én atvance FEE DAILY HERALD. two conte yer copy, $1 per annum. Saturday Etition . No, 189 AMUSEMENTS THIS EVENING. WIBLO’S GARDEN, Broadway—Sxercuss ix Inpla—Pav- pr kran's Daman. WALUACK’S THEATRE. Groadway—O'Fiannican ann ‘fae Fareree—Miscarwvous Annie. BARRUM'S AMERICAN MUSEUM. Broadway—Afier- Wateg ag Wee svete Fouaec or Downs oots wno Never Gaw a ‘Wouan: ‘woop's }, 861 and 663 Brosdway—Erarorisn Boros, Daross, &c.—Paxonama or tax Huvson BivEn. MECHANTOS’ HALL, 472 Broadway—Brr ants’ MINSTRELS —Neaue Bones Bo boauscuescvinauts Pastry at. PALACE GARDEN, Fonrteenth street and Sixth avenue— Guan Promenape Concent p'Ers. New York, Saturday, July 10, 1858. The News. The British steamship Edinburgh, Capt.Cumming , arrived yesterday from Glasgow, having left that port at 6 P.M. on the 26th ult. Her advices have throughout the passage, also much foggy weather. She brings 316 passengers. There is,as yet,no intelligence of the Atlantic Telegraph fleet. It is now thirty days since the hips sailed on the expedition. An interesting account of the departure of the National Guard trom Richmond, and their voyage from that place to the Kettle Bottom Shoal, in the Potomac, where the Ericsson grounded, is published in to-day’s paper. The Guard paraded in Washing- ton yesterday afternoon, when they were reviewed by the President. In the afternoon they visited Mount Vernon. The Guard will arrive home about six o'clock this evening, in the Camden and Ambsy train. The Seventy-first rigiment, the City Guard, and the members of the National Guard who did not go to Richmond, will turn out to welcome the return of their comrades. A serious casualty has occurred to alloy the pleasure of the excursionists. Mr. Laurens Hamilton, a grandson of Alexander Hamilton, fell overboard, it is supposed, from the steamer Glen Cove, while on the passage down James river. His body was recovered yesterday and taken in charge by the Richmond military, The corpse was conveyed yesterday on board the steamer Roanoke, bound for New York, accompanied by a deputation of the Richmond Volunteers. ‘The retern of the two writs of habeas corpus on Capt. de Riviere and John Huncke, the proprietor of the Napoleon Hotel, for the custody of Mrs. and Miss Blount, was brought up yesterday morning before Judge Ogden, of the Superior Court, Hudson county, New Jersey. De Riviere having suddenly disap peared, he was declared non est, and the time for the return in his case was extended to Monday morn- ing at nine o'clock. We give a full account of the proceedings before Judge Ogden, and the manner in which de Reviere is said to have been introdaced to Col. Blont’s family, also his duel with Col. Maury: The Excise Commissioners held a meeting yester- day, but adjourned without doing anything till the Corporation provide a suitable place for them to held their meetings, in accordance with the autho rity to that effect contained in the State law. Our Kansas correspondent’s letters, published in to-day’s paper, state that Gen. James H, Lane, who was tried before an examining court of three ma gistrates, for the murder of his neighbor, Col. Gaius Jenkins, has been acquitted. When the trial was over Lane asked to enter into a recognizance for his appearance at the United States District Court, in the event of an indictment by the Grand Jury, to answer any charge in connection with the homicide that might be preferred sgainst him. Having been tried by three free State men and acquitted, he de- sired to be tried by a proslavery Judge and jary. ‘The Court, however, declined, doubting their power to do so after the decision just made. Jack Hender- son, who ld been arrested, charged with complicity in the elecfion frauds at Delaware Crossing in Janu- ary last, had also been set at liberty, his arrest being declared illegal by Judge Lecompte. The case of William Mulligan, charged with com mitting an assault and battery on Captain Webb, at the Metropolitan, was called on for trial yesterday in the Court of General Sessions, but while the jury was being empannelied the defendant teok occasion to leave the court, and his bail was forfeited. Mr. Malligan’s card, published in another esiamn, gives hhis version of the affair with Captain Webb, and the subsequent occurrences in connection with the case. A meeting of the bondholders of the Steubenville and Indiana Railroad took place yesterday, of which @ report appears in another column, containing some interesting statistics regarding the financial condi- tion of the company and their revenues and liabili ties. A despatch from St. Louis gives us the substance of an order from the War Department with refe- rence to the disposition of the troops composing the Utsh army. General Harney is to return to St. Louis, unless the Mormons offer opposition to the advance of the army into Salt Lake vailey. In the event of a hostile demonstration on the part of the Mormons, General Harney and the entire force will operate against them as originally designed. A statement showing the appointments, re-ap- pointments, removals, transfers, casualties, &c., in the army daring the past year, bas been issued by the War Department. It may be found in our co- lumns today. A collision occarred on the North river last even ing between the towboats Sarab E. Brown and the E. McDonald. The first vessel sunk before she could arrive at any pier, but her crew escaped with- out injory, and the other vessel being damaged little, reached ber pier as though nothing had oc- curred. Both steamers are damaged by the shock, the E. McDonald elightly and the other to the amount of 64,000 or over. The question of prohibiting the Fourth Avenne Railroad Company from ranning locomotives below Forty second street, was brought up in the Court of Common Pleas yesterday. There is an exceedingly strong array of counrel engaged in this case by the parties interested. The case was opened yesterday by Gen. Gandford, and after hearing his argument the court adjourned till next Monday morning. ‘The sales of cotton yesterday embraced about 5,000 Dales, on the basis of about 12ic. per Ib. for middling ‘wplands. Phe market closed firm. Flour waa sieaty for freah ground parcets, which were in light supply, wh''s common grades were heavy, without change in prices Bales were made to a fair extent to the local and Eastern Qrade, with lots for export. Prime whea! was firm and pot picnty, while inferior qualities were heavy and irre- gular. For sales and prices we refer to another columa. Prime Southern white and yellow corn were firm, while mixed wes dull, and especially inferior grates. Pork opened with some show of Grmoess, but clone! with les . The sales included mess at $16 00 0 $16 65, nd prime at $18 60.8 $19.68 Beet was in good demand, fend 180 barrels Chiongo extra repacked mess snid at 14o Tard eae firm, and soll at 1OK%e & Tike, Sugars were firm aod sotive, with nies of about 1,600 hogebeads and 276 bores, at rates given in another piace, In coffee pales Wore moderate, while the market was quite «.oady Freight engagements wore moderate and rates un- opanget NEW YORK HERALD, SATURDAY, JULY 10, 1858, The Approaching Elections fur the Next Con- ress asa the Next Presidency. The approaching elections for the next Con- gress will be unusually important; because, from the present distracted and confused condition of parties and sections, and from all the political signs of the times, we ehall most probably have three or four Presidential tickets in the field in 1860, @ failure to elect by the people, and an election by the House of Representatives. We presume that every Presidential aspirant of every party, impressed with @ living hope for the euceeesion, bus carefully studied ovér this very possible contingency of an election by the Houre; and we may expect, therefore, an ex- traordigesg.degree of vigilance on all sides in referei the nominations for the next Con- gress, his vigilance has already been active- ly developed in this neighborhood in reference to the expediercy, on the part of the republi- cans, of supporting a democratic anti-Lecomp- ton member or two for a re-election upon trust, In this controversy the philosophers of the Zri- dune are entirely disposed to act upon the conf- dence principle, while Chevalier Webb, of the Courier, cannot restrain his misgivings that your anti Lecompton democrat may prove to bea wolf in sheep’s clothing. The republicans of Mlinois have shown still more strikingly the same distrust of Mr. Douglas and the anti-Le- compton democracy in that quarter; and from these and other manifestations of rigid party exactions, it is evident that the republicans, at least, are pretty thoroughly awake to all the contingencies upon which the election of Mr. Buchanan's successor may depend. We have said, too, and have given our rea- sons for this impression, that the opposition will have a majority in the next House of Repre- sentatives, unless the elections, on their part, ehall be conducted with something worse than their usual bad management. How stands the matter now? In the present House we find that the democracy stand in the proportion of 128 against 106 of the opposition side—in- cluding ninety-two republicans and fourteen Know Nothings—which give the democrats a clear majority of twenty-two. This is a very respectable majority; but a carefal analysis of the elections to this Congress, and of the present condition of parties, will show that this’majority may be easily overcome. A change in twelve Congressional districts will change this majority to a majority of one on the other side; and we are aware that, including New York, Pennsylvania, Ohio, Indiana and [Illinois—and without going farther—tbe republicans expect a revolution in at least twenty districts. The Fillmore movement in 1856 not only gave the Presidency to Mr. Buchanan, but ae- cured also the present democratic majority in the popular branch of Congres; for while this Fillmore experiment was too weak to accom- plish directly anything in the South, beyond the electoral vote of Maryland, it was yet etrong enough to wield the balance of power in the North for President and for Congress; but now, the rump of the Know Nothing party, by .general consent having dropped Fill- more as “an obsolete idea,” and having trotted out Mr. Crittenden with some very flattering acknowledgments from the republican organs, there is a prospect that in the elections for the next Congress in the North the republicans and Know Nothings will amalgamate more cordially than hereto- fore, and that in the South the opposition vote will be much more fully developed than in 1856, when it was given mostly as a mere mat- ter of form, and without the slightest hope of BUCLERR, In the present Congress, from the Southern States there are only fourteen opposition mem. bers, and they are known as South Americans— two from Georgia, against seven democrats ; two from Kentucky, against eight demo- crate; one from Louisiana, against three democrats; three from Maryland, against three democrats; two from Missouri, against four democrats; three from Tenoaessee, against seven democrats; and one from North Carolina, against seven democrats. All the other Southern delegations are entirely democratic. The demooracy, there- fore, would have a very small margin left them for any Conggersional gains in the South under the best auspices, but under their present demoralized condition there is quite a liberal margin opened for opposition gains. Another thing will probably operate against the Southern democracy: the Congressional elections in all the Southern States, with a few secondary excep- tions, come off in 1859, whereas in nearly all the Northern States they come off this fail. Ac- cordingly, should the Northern elections betray the condition of the Northern democracy as a hopeless one, the effect will most likely be to encourage the opposition and to depress the de- mocracy in the South. This will undoubtedly be the case with anything like a fair prospect for the union of the opposition forces, North and South, in 1860. The popular vote of the Union in the Preei- dential election of 1866 shows an opposition majority against the democracy of nearly four hundred thourand votes. Nothing has yet oo- curred indicating any positive gains upon this popular vote by the democracy since that elec- tion. True, they carried this State last fall by a handsome majority; but more than one bun- dred thousand voters remained at home. Since that time the good work of the reconstruction and consolidation of the perty upon cooserva- tive principles, co happily begun by Mr. Bucha- nan, bas been arrested and defeated by the Pre- sidential demagogues and factious cliques of the late session of Congress. We know that these treacheroue factionists levelled their blows at the administration because they supposed it to stand in their way; but while the administra- tion remains unscathed, the factioniste them- selves, and the party upon which they depend, Nortb and South, have been damaged almost, if not absolutely, beyond reparation. At all events, we fear that the mischief done to the party by euch misguided leaders as Douglas, Harris, Toombs and others, is more than can be repaired in season to secure the next Coa- gress, The only possible chance for the democracy for the next Congress, and for the next Presi- dency, is s cordial reunton, North and South, upon the common platform of the administra- tion, On the other hand, let their present divi- sions and bickcrings between Douglas and Bright in one quarter. and Toombs and the administra tion in another, and Wise and Bunter in another, be continued, and the resalte of the elections for the next Congress will leave very little to be done for the Presidency, in view of an election either by the people or by the House of Representatives. The Women's Rigbts Coav-ntions—Tac Mo dern Worvelypers of Natare. Tbe Iast annual meeting of the Women’s Rights Convention at Mozart Hall in this city bas been followed up by a similar demonstra- tion at Rutland. Atthe former we had the most singolar and barefaced propositions of Mr. Pearl Andrews—a mock pearl we should think—who declared to the hybrid representation present tbat it was the duty of the women of this coun- try to study and carry out the principles of “siring and generating ;” and at the Jattera Mra, Branch—a branch of the same impudent fami- ly—tbat it was the right of every woman to de- termine how, when, where, and with whom, she thould undertake the business of maternity, ir- respective of all laws, human or divine. It is with reluctance we again allude to the gross in- decency and immorelity of these doctrines; but if they are allowed to pass without reprobation by the moral and respectable portion of the press of this country, it will be another proof—and we have too many already—of the decline of public morals and the deterioration of public taste. It is remarkable that both these proposi- tions were received without any appearance of disgust, or even dissatisfaction, by the women who figured on this occasion; indeed, the speak- ers were encouraged to go on; and, if we mis- take not, Mr. Pearl Andrews was called on by ove of the faithful—by Garrison himself—homo- biped, implumis—to enter into the particulars of his theory, and develope its process and results. It is, perhaps, a great pity that the pearl did not reply to the molluscs, who were so ready to swallow his explanations ; the world would then Bave been able to learn something more of the Teal object of these free love reformers, and’ to see what, under the new system, would become of social and married life, the education of children, the duties of husbands and fathers, and the value and utility of wives. Happily, how- ever, eome slight regard for public opinion seemed to linger in this bold and impudent as- semblage ; and, for the nonce, in what manner the du'y of studying and applying the prin- ciples of “siring and generating” is to be fal- filled is not yet offered to the consideration of more decent American women. At Rutland, however, according to their official organs, the New York Tribune and the New York Times, the mask was thrown off, and the Paphian priest- ess etood before us in all her nakedness, Let us sce for # moment to what this new branch of education would lead. In the first place the anatomical and physiological structure of the sexes would become the subject of text books for female seminaries, doubtless {llue- trated by drawings by Mr. Andrews, Lucy Stone and Mrs. Branch—we will not say from the life. Illustrations from Pompeii of the epecial worship would also be introduced, to give an air of classicality to the production, as well as to show how accidents, such as happened even to Venus from want of proper attention to the principles advocated by Mr. Pearl Andrews, may hereafter be prevented. A thorough un. derstanding of the subject being thus obtained, a new topic of conversation would prevail throughout society, and all others be ignored. “Maternity,” as was observed by one of the lady orators at the Convention, is woman’s di- vinity, and of course no other theme would have such an exalted rank in social discussions. From this step, in the next place, it would be easy and natural to take another; to pursue a series of philosophical experiments in public in- stitutions properly regulated and scientifically conducted, in which the facts could be arrived at which Mr. Pearl Andrews and Mrs. Branch deem indispensable to the permanence and advance ment of the human race. These might be endow ed by the State, and placed under the especial care of the females prominent at the Convention, “who would know their rites, and knowing. dare maintain.” At once the whole form of society would assume & new aspect. A new Arcadia, only a little more so, would take the place of the distracted world, which now de- mands of us other duties as urgent as those an- nounced in the Woman’s RightsConventions. A new Eden, without fig leaves and without shame, would, like another Central Park, rise in our midst, among the blasted rocks and thorny briars around us, and regeneration from generation to generation would give increasing occupation to humanity, Such are the moral doctrines and worthip of the New York Times and New York Tribune. Our readers must excuse us if we enter no farther into the penetration of the new philesophy. Esch one for himself may, at his leieure, follow up the details at which we have barely hinted, and to which such @ system would lead, and judge what would be left of the female character. Our object is at once to interpore a strong protest against the infamous aesaults upon the female character by the theor- iste of this new school, without even a blush upon their cheeks, or a pause of modest doubt. For years past there has been an insidious at- tempt made in various quarters to undermine the whole fabric of female virtue and the sacred re- lations of married life. The doctrines of Fourier- ism and free love, of spiritual wives, of woman's rights, as published in the 7ribune and Times, have all bad this one purpose—to accustom the public mind te look upon chastity as an over-estimated and useless quality, and to give courage to bad women to act as boldly as bad men. To main- tain that the animal reproduction of an animal is the greatest, the only important function of womanhood, is a libel on the sex, a deathblow to the peace and bappiness of man, and a denial of the wisdom and goodness of the Creator. To degrade bis fairest work to the task of an exclusive consideration of the animal functions would not only bea bestiality in itself, but would take from baman exigtence all its sublimest and moet enduring pleasures, Woman is the firet love of our youth. She is the ado- ration of maturer life, the companion and faitb- ful friend of our declining years. The tender affection ehe inspires is connected with conside- rations far beyond those of animal desire, which of ‘teelf alone always endsin satiety and dis. gust. Itis the quick perception, the grace of manner, the pertistent fortitude, the untiring devotion, the ancorrupted fidelity and the con- siderate forethought of the true woman “which subdue the selfishness of our nature, rouse us from timidity and indolence, give power to our exertions and herotem to our actions.” It is in the tenderness and yet delicacy of her affections we find ovr chief happiness. But the mission of woman goes beyond even these bert and closest relations of life. There is found in the moral construction of the world a large ephere of usefulness which she may fill without thinking of maternity at all. Inname- rable are the examples of the heavenly disposi- tions and practical benevolence which the sex bas exhibited, and still exhibits, in every walk of life. Who are the diepensers of our private aims!—whe the visiters of the sick?—who the unwearied advocates of public cbarities?—who the trainers up of the young, more than the unmarried women of the day? What more splendid single blessedness than that of the Dizes of New York and the Night ingules of Evgland? The influence of pure minded women is acknowledged as the greatest which can be exercised among men—that of bad women the worst. To the women of France, in the reigns of Louis XV. and XVI, and the tone which they gave society—which, even in its grosesess, assumed an exterior of modesty—the bloody catastrophe of the French Revolution is chiefly to be attributed. The positive looseness of opinions, and, conse- quently, of morals, which the sway of those of Paris brought about, in spite of the elegance of their mannera, the brilliancy of their entertain- ments, ond the literary tendencies they culti- vated. undermined society, set loose those who had the same passions but less refinement, and caused a flow of blood and years of agony, the end of which the people of France have not yet seen. In this country—so wide, so extended, made up of so many elements, with such vast oppor- tunities for the ambitious and the greedy—it is as much as can be done to keep the political institutions of the country in a position of sta- bility and pristine purity. Disorders seem to be multiplying in other directions. Peculations of the most brazen charac- ter, violations of public trusts, embezzle- ment of millions at a time, an utter defiance of public opinion, an absolute im- munity from punishment for partisans and men of wealth, and as certain denial of justice to those too poor to pay for the means of defence, are calamities enough for us to endure—signs of the times ominous and dark enough for those who still care for and would uphold the repub- lic. These, happily, are not the crimes of the female sex. Let us denounce, then, this science of embryology, this theory of animal reproduc- tion, 80 scandalously presented to the attention of American females by these new fashioned but grossly immoral issues, the New York Tribune avd New York Times. They have hitherto ful- filled their destinies and preserved their national purity. Heaven forbid that they should be de- moralized by the corrupting and sensual teach- ings or examples of women’s rights men or men’s rights women. The deeper the wound thedeeper the probing if we would effect ite cure. We leave the founders of this new school of advice to the scorn of the virtuous. Wuar Ir Costs to Govern tHe Ciry.— Many people may imagine that when we are taxed eight millions a year for the government of this city, only that amount is got rid of by the office holders who govern us Eight mil- lions of dollars is a pretty large sum for a city so mieerably misgoverned as this, yet the reve- nue which is nominally disbursed by the various departments exceeds that amount a hundred per cent. Let ussee first where it comes from, and we may well ask in astonishment afterwards, where does it go to? The actual eum raised by taxes last year was $8,111,758. In addition to this, $8,345,772, at the lowest estimate, went into the city treasury from other sources ; such as interest and divi- dends on various bere and stocks, awards, re- ceipts from street ¢} (Hol pt Cry Temte Teri markets, wharve +}* 3 ') tr7¢iys@7 assene- ments, interest on taxes, <. +i ¢ tots: receipt of revenue for last year was $16 457,59( : the expenditures amounted to $16,280,538—teaving a surplus of $176,992, So that it apparently costs over sixteen millions, instead of eight, to live in New York even such a life as we have here—with dirty streets, rampant rowdyism, scurcity of water, and no parks. The markets alone bring in $103,488, and it only costs some $46,000 for all their expenses. The ferry rents amount to $100,200, and the expenses they involve may fairly be set down as nil. There was an income last year from the redemption of revenue bonds of $5,598; from arrears of assesements of $170,000; from street opening and paving of over $250,000. These are only a few items, but they will serve to show where the money comes from. In some of these cases it is true that the expenditures exceed the receipts; but as there are many sources of revenue which are not only eelf-sustaining, but profitable, there remains o surplus of nearly two hundred thousand anpu- ally on the spparent expenditure. Sixteen millions and a quarter per annum to keep the machinery of the city government in working order! Over sixteen dollars a piece for every man, woman and child in the city. Who wik tay that New York is not a costly place to live in, when it requires that much even to govern it? Among other items of expenditure we find $396,426 for salartes, $40,000 for officers’ fees, and $40,210 for election expenses. There is no mys- tery about where these sums goto. They drop right into the pockets of the politicians. The real estate owned by the Corporation is worth over forty-two millions, and of this fourteen millions is under parks, three and a half under wharves and piers, one million one hundred and twenty thousand under markets, fifteen million appropriated by the Croton Aqueduct Depart- ment, and the rest by the Police and Fire De- partments, lots ander lease, ferries, &c.; yet few of these concerns appear to pay their own ex- penses, for it requires eight millions year in taxes, over and above their own receipts, to keep them going. It costa more to govern this city than any State in the Union outside of our own. In this state of things we think the public want a little more light on the mode of disbursing the finances. Yettow Fever at Qvarantixe—Some few cases of yellow fever have recently developed themselves at Quarantine, which might give tise to some apprehension as to that terrible ase spreading to this city. We do not be- lieve, however, that there is the slightest danger to be apprebended in that regard. Yel low fever can never exist here as an epidemic. Even in 1866, when it raged eo fiercely in the neighborhood of Fort Hamilton and Bay Ridge, there was not a single well authenticated case of it in New York, and but a few casee even in the south part of Brooklyn; and those cases were traced to direct infection from Quarantine verrols The action of the Bosrd of Heaith in de- clering New Orleans, the Cuban, aod anum- ber of the Weet Indian ports to be infected, and ordering vessels arriving thence to dis- charge their cargoes on lighters at Quarantine, will cetve to give additional security to this city, In conncetion with this eubjeoct we pub- lich to-Gay some extracts from the report of a committee of physiciane appointed to elucidate the enuse and origin of the yellow fever at Norfolk in 1856, and which ocoms (0 oqtnbilsa two points pretty conclusively, viz :—that the disease is directly imported in vessels coming from infected porta, and that it is not comma- nicated by contact. While we have, therefore, in view of the action of the Board of Health, and in view of the salubrious situation of this city, good reason to hope confidently for a complete immunity from the scourge of Southern ports, we should, nevertheless, not neglect to adopt all the sanitary precautions in regard to cleanliness and temperance which the common cense laws of health prescribe. The British Colonles in Australia—Their Pre- sent and Their Future. That portion of the globe which is generally denominated the Eastern World is aow the scene of eome of the most important and active operations of the human family. The British empire in India is making great efforts to re- cover from the convulsion it has lately gone through; Japan has determined to throw open ite gates again to foreign commerce, after having kept them closed for three centuries; China ‘is struggling with England and France to main- taip her exclusive policy; the islands of Austra- lasia are the scenes of many gigantic projects; ‘but important above all is the young empire that is springing into existence in Australia. This is yet a young continent, and, indeed, is still emerging from the sea. In South Austra- lia the railway has risen four inches in the last year; it is estimated that the wharves at Mel- bourne have risen six feet during the last twenty years; and bays, which at the beginning of the present century had ten fathoms of water, now have only seven fathoms. On this still upheav- ing continent an empire has been founded by men having a common literature and language with ourselves. The three colonies of New South Wales, Victoria and Tasmania contain now a population of about halfa million souls. Thisem- pire, however, is hardly one generation old,and as a natural consequence it presents many of the peculiar features of the mother country. Men have not adapted themselves to the new atate ofthings, and the new communites have many of the characteristics of English towns. Our exchanges from there come filled with the same kind of advertisements, the same subjects of in- telligence, the same arrangement of matter as is eeen in the journals of England. One thing, too, is strongly marked, The re- ports that are occasionally published by explo- rers sent into the interior show a great lack of the knowledge of woodcraft, if we might so term it. They are evidently made by men brought up in Europe, who have little know" ledge of the appliances of a frontier life, and as anatural consequence their explorations are very limited in extent; and a knowledge of the interior of the country will probably not be ob- tained until s native white population have grown up, with a life experience of the resources of the country and the habit of adapting their wants to them. When this occurs great changes will no doubt be experienced in Australia. As matters now stand it isa curious sight to the American, who is familiar with explorations of thousands of miles of interior, toeethe ceckazy efforts made to penetrate into the -aterior © Australia. ‘The indurtria! developem» « tbe new em- pire is evicentiy deayed @g ite Bigh price at \ pier new vande sre Le o ny the government. -yecems 10 ue ridicutous that where a whole country hae yet to be settled, where nothing is buodant but fand, that they should be held by the autoorities out of the market atan average of about eeven and a halfdollars per acre. Yet such is the fact, as we learn by the reports of recent land ealesin Victoria. The industry of these countries is now turned to the production of gold, wool, wheat and wine. Of the first, the yield for the first quarter of the present year was 554,039 ouncee, equal in value to near- ly nine millions of dollars. The clip of wool last year was something over fifty millions of pounds, valued at about twenty millions of dol- lars. The production of wheat exceeds the do- mestic consumption, but no market has yet been found for the surplus. Of wine, about 100,000 gallons were last year raised in the co- lony of Victoria, which sold at a little more than a dollar a gallon. The social condition of the colonies fe a sub- ject of complaint in the papers before us. Great evils are experienced from the general indul- gence in spirituous liquors, and the establish- ment of a Maine liquor law is agitated. Some idea may be formed of the extent of this during the first quarter of 1858. These were: spirits, £77,000; sugar and molasses, £19,500; and tobacco, £19,500. The great inflax of Chinese was also a prominent subject of com- plaint, and measures were in agitation to stop their immigration altogether. On this subject the Sydney Empire says:— ‘But not only is 1 requisite to put & stop to their inva- with a view toaveriig bloodshed—every ‘ becind sth the feta of kunralt ty concemad the ‘Ne ‘The conciusions which we draw from a care- ful perusal of the journals from Australia are, that there is abundant room there for the de- velopement of an empire. But the community ie still composed of men impregnated with old world notions, and who wish to establish and govern everything after the manner of the crowded communities of England. Until these men give way to their sons, who, less impressed with the class distinctions that prevail in Kurope, and more confident in the individual capscity of the untrammelled man, shall de- velope a new order of things, Australia will still be ina chryealis state. Your cockney is not the man to convert a wilderness into a great empire. Forsicy ApvENTURERS AND AMERICAN Bettes.—Twenty-five years ago, when electric telegraphs and ocean steam savigation were un- knhown—when the bucks of Washington Hall were in their glory—when foreign Counts were curiosities and a real lord the rarest of birds—a distingué gentleman condeseended to arrive at the hotel above mentioned. He paid his nd- dresses to a young lady, “wealthy and of one of the firet families” (of course), and an aliance was in prospect, when, in an unlacky moment, in the presence of the lady. M. le Count jamped up to answer a bell, and cried, “Coming, sir.” As Counts do not answer belle, it followed thet the hero of this moving tale was a cnet off gentleman's gentleman, The marriage did not come off; but the Count has been repeated over and over again. Counts are now as plonty as Dleckbercks in sesson, nad almost a cheap; yet our American belies will inaist upoa paying the old rates for them, forgetting the lew of supply and demand. We have Counts who teach the languages—Counts who play om the fiddle—Counts who impart a knowledge of the small sword—Counts who sponge upon opera singers and baliet dancers, carrying the prima donna’s lap dog in the day time and gambling away her earnings at night. Al- though many of these noble gentlemen have, as above stated, some ostensible occupation, they are, with a few exceptions, loungers, who are constantly endeavoring to raise money without laboring for it. Ours is a busy coun- try; men turn away from idlers, and they seek consolation in the society of the ladies. Re- cent circumstances go to show that the fair ones are not at all bashful, but sometimes meet their admirers rather more than half way. A romance, which is now exciting . the attention of the public, recalls the chroni- cles of the feudal times. A militaire, who writes “de” before his name—who is in the habit of killing his man before break- fast—who was one of the nize officers selected out of the whole French army for the honor of commanding the “forlorn hope at the siege of Sebastopol”—in short, a mighty manin battle or in lady’s bower—did us the honor te come here and tell-us of “‘the battles, sieges, for- tunes he had passed.” The sleyer of men and of female hearts arrives at last at a Southern city, where he makes the acquaintance of a respecta- ble gentleman, and quickly ingratiates himself with his family. To Madame he confides the great, though not original, secret that he is a nobleman in disguise, unjustly kept out of his estates, real and personal. Thus the enemy’s flank was turned, and the hero’s success a fact accomplished. Away went the gallant Captain with Madame and Mademoiselle to the Havaaa, where the marriage ceremony was to be per- formed. But, through the intervention of the American Coneul, whom the Captain calls a “ridiculous champion,” the lovers’ plans were frustrated. The head of the family now arrives in Havana-brings away his wite and daughter to New York. They have lately eloped, and the whole matter is in the hands of the police and the lawyers. There is, first, the trifling circumstance of a previous marriage, which took piace here only last year. As the hero naively remarks, this marriage would be good for nothing in France; but, under ali the circum- stances, it is not probable that he will ever resume his relationa with the seam- stresses of the Rue Taitbout. It is sad to see a great financial genius wasting his time for love. His proper field is Wall street, or among the confidence men. We beg to state distinctly that we refer to the hero of the Court of Assize, not the “Cap'n” of the Malakoff. The identity of the two men has yet to be proved. His fature—we are still reterring to the militaire of the Rae Tsitbout—will be a brilliant one, and ifby chance be should get into one of our pena institutions, some Governor 0. aristocratic pre- dilectione will be sure to return him to the bo- com 6. that society he so much agorna. This cace of the Crimean hero is an extreme one. A painful hallucination of the mother, and ® desperate infatuation of the daughter may destroy the happiness of a family forever. But it is not without parallel, and our youog women will do well to note one point that has been made in it, When they rua away with a foreigner their marriage is neces- earily burried. If he should turn out to be a good catch, the “marriage,” unless every little formality is observed, ie of no value in Earope, acd monsieur may walk off from madame whenever he feels tired of her. We are quite ready to admit that our young ladies are not far out when they prefer the society of a witty, agreeable, accomplished foreigner to that of our native youth, who rarely talk of anything but brandy, billiards, and trotting horses; and it is not at all wonderful that a gentleman with an bereditary prejudice against labor should at- tempt to recrait bis purse witha rich American wife. But why be insuch a hurry? Fathers are no longer fliuts, and mothers are vastly oblig- ing. The lady should be sure that she fs not marrying & valet de place—-the gentioman sbould make it equally certain that the “motive” for the alliance is in sound currency. ASl badinage apart, is it not weil to look about us and see where we are going? What with the free Jove doctrines promulgated by the Times and Tribune—the elopementa, seduc- tions, aud edulteries, with accounts of which the papers are filled—the foundations of pri- vate morality seem to be sinking ow of sight. It is time for a radical reform, and that reform should commence in the nursery. Ovitaary. LAUARNS HAMITTON, OF TH NATIONAL GUARD. From a despatch received from Richmond yesterday we Jearn thet the excursion of the National Guard, Seventh Rogimest, as escort to the remains of President Monroe, bas been aitended with one sad disaster, which will rea Cor their praiseworthy action on thet occasion painfully memorable to the corps. After the Guard lat Richmoed for Washington the body of one of thelr comrades was found in the James river, who was supposed to havo fallen unseen from the steamer (ion Cova, and as none of the company is missing except Mr. Laurena Hamilton, of Company 6, 1t is supposed he must de the victim. His ‘Dody bas been taken in charge by the Richmond rexi- ment, and ia now on ite way to this city inthe steamer Roanoke. Mr. Laurens Hamilton was a grandaon of the ceisbrated. Alexander Hamitton, and son of Jom ©. Hamilton, who lately publisbed the life and writings of the great states ‘jmen. Mr. Hamilton waee young man, only (wentyiwo yeura of age, of hanceome |, ODgAg ng manne:s and fine talent. He graduated at Columbia College, whore bis {ilustrious grandfather also graduated. His uatimoty ‘and mysterious death will throw a gloom over many fami- wilt Se ft be gua felt by his gallans PROMENADE CONORRTS AT THR ACADEMT.—Io the present dearth of city amusements these projected entertain- ments, to commence at the Academy on Monday, will be fiadiy welcomed, The interior of tho building is now undergoing extensive alterations, and the ensemile pre mines to be very fine. Menara, Masard and Anschuts are Dustiy engaged tn organizing a monster band. ‘Tor LaTR Musical Frenivat.—The met profits of the fea- Lval at Jones’ Wood and the Academy of Mutic amounted to $2,000, of which $800 were paid to the widow of the musician who was killed by coup de soleil, and the bal. ‘ance will goto the funds of the Musical Fund and Prove. New ‘Opera Troupe were at Wood's Kogiiab, theatre, Oiscinnat!, thie week. ‘The Mittary Vareds on the Fifth, TO THR KOTrOR be oe 4