The New York Herald Newspaper, April 6, 1858, Page 2

2 AFFAIRS IN EUROPE. ARRIVAL OF THE INDIAN AT PORTLAND, FOUR DAYS LATER NEWS. Onc London, Berlin and Madrid Corres pondence, Arrival. of the Steam Frigate Niagara at Plymouth, THE ATLANTIC TELEGRAPH. ews of the French in Regard to Communi- cations with the Paeifie, ADJOURNMENT OF TRE BRITISH PARLIAMENT TRIUMPH OF THE JEWISH ‘OATHS ’’ BILL, THE LAST JAPANESE TREATIES, NEWS FROM INDIA AND CHIT Interesting fituatioa of the Empres Bugenie. BIPROVENENT IN COTTON AND CONSOLS, &o., dice ~ The screw steamship Indian, from Liverpool at | 3 oclock P.M. of Wednesday March 24, arvived at Portland at 4:15 P. M. of the 5th inst. She brings 339 passengers. The steamship Ameri arrived at Liverpool at The repairs on the Vanderbilt steamship Arie! had een completed, and she would leave Liverpoo! ‘or Bremen on the 24th. The United States steam frigate Niagara arrived at Plymouth on the 234 ult., with machiaery slightly damaged, having encountered a succession of south- erly gales. The Britich frigate Agamemnon had commenced taking in the telegraph cable. Fifty miles were ou board when the Indian sailed. from Boston via H»"fax 5 P.M. of the 224 uit. Our London Corresponde: ce, Lonpox, March 16, 185% Orsini Still Alive, They Say—The Eclipse and the Weather Since—The Italian Conference nbt Se- rvene— The Proposed Exhibition of \861—An Ex- change of Umbrellas—Lord Panmure and the Stage—Amusement Dottings, Theatricals, $c. It was currently believed that Orsini would be pardoned, and now there is a report amongst the refugees that, like she hypothesis of the Duke of Monmouth, he was not guillotined at all, a dammy Deing substituted. It is, however, rietiy certain. that, like Lord Lovel, he walked 4 sulked half an hour afte head was cut off. The news per present Indien vail wal not be found to be of so cheering a character as per Last, for Bir Colin Campbell does not yet find himself strong enough to attack the rebel army, in order to subju- gate Oude. The eclipse yesterday, as far as London was con- cerned, turned out a fiasco. Crowds went to the Orystal Palace, and beyond a foggy large rain drop- ping ten minutes, saw nothing. The parks were very crowded, and the tops of the Monument, York colamn, and the various lofty erections, were over- Ioaded with gobe mouches, doomed to equal disup- pointment. Notwithstanding some of the papers will be found to have a very liberal draw upon the fertility of their imaginations, by dezvribing the ap- pearance of “Madame la Lana” saluting “Monsieur de Soleil.’ There has been one good result from the obscuration of the sun, the advent of fine weather today Yesterday morning the mvtilated remainsof the vie- tim of the Waterloo Bridge murder were buried, and speedily graph announced to the police authorities that another mysterious murder had been committed at P h—a man was killed by means of an air gan, as he opened his own street terwards the te temout door t swer a ring. Louis Napoleon having made the amende, the British government have consented to bolt the affront offered, Still, great are the warlike prepara: tions, much more than seems needful for our Chinest campaigns, You will have hi claim the honors the capture of already perceived that the Fret of that vainglorions achievement Canton. One of the French cok Count di Ligny—has been trying to get Mr. buck, M. into a line, having challenged him—style, Corsican Brothers—to terts! combat Now ¥ v choice bit of fan fc nd conferen a during the mysterious No one , e meetings were # the reports arrived . ausp shy ut the various newspaper offices; r name appears promi- . gs, duly received his fees * the same. A splendid manifesto came out a few « hich the Times and the other beading © to the skies, (clouds rather, for we have 6 «in this country.) as a Splendid spe ion. It was, in trath, am exceed v a very remarkable deeamen* after all, I jon has veen aston ished; they fair turns out to be a gigantic hoax; a great piece of Italian irony. Attempts to discover tt thers of itare now being vigor. 'y pareved. S\.ccr Borromeo has been closely intesrs ted, but» ricorde \s his entren iment. messer (te atehed t f the | mentic snierene said toh ite last ure three story an be t off Union street, in the and 4 room mq in form, and some e and four ‘e«t le. This ix the assembly room where * the regene of Italy” are said to havg con cocted therr swindle; for everything n6W tends to prove le question that it has ber mere scheme got stew needy and seedy individuals to extort a few neas from the pockets of the pro- The sel! is immense nd evening papers are ly who kaows of the a ro hearty laugh at it. We regret that we he me to give you the details of this grand pier Here are a few: Signor Borro: meo, of cours’, turns omt to be an Irishman, who claims, as + it relationsuip with the Bor. romeo of Miler celebrity, from the verb active to “ borrow,” i ke a loan, and with the Cardinal of the same :. ts Pressed rather hard, he says that the firet nferences were held ia Newmen street, (> bot that he canuot remember the nomber +) the house, nor can le conduct anyone to it. The e said, was held “ somewhere in the Hay t his memory respecting the num ber is aga t. Pressed stil! harder, he gives the address in tt gh, and the diligent inquirer en- counters af Cerberus, who knows nothing “Ob ro me to the house. She can't nay, eles ther they are ‘High-tallians’ or Costertnong tm She is to judge of foreigners, and only a poor woman, wit trnnken husband and reven « to support. Perhaps they are foreigners, ior os they are very dirty she thinks they may be. She dorent know what they come for. She can’t ray w he next conf will be held. She don't know at it is al) about, but per- the nex! will he held at the Elephant and Cam. tie, or at 1 ne Bench.” This is literal fact Many ror + concerning it, and the gene ral immy! ¢ French police are at the bottom vwediase instructions from home, t it upon the Italian party, Mazrin\ ts. ( ed in it at all. Vie la baga tell. That's aureeable, N'est-re pas. Touching the proposed exhibition of 1961, in cele: Uration of the Prince of Wales ye under hig Preside: cy.o' which we gave you timely noti before it bee! eppeared anywhere in print here, you must know. nc) wivhstanding the leader which has ap d in the es expressing in very strong terms its opinions that then the time will not have arrived and throwt hint that we are likely to be thinking of g« besides exhibitions in that year meani reby some sort of Earopean row it will come «le assured. The Coancil of the So ciety of Arte} nad several meet ngs to discuss NEW YORK HERALD, TUESDAY, APRIL 6, 1858,—TRIPLE y. Ifwe are rightly informed, they one and all take a diferent view from the Times, and intend to announce boldly to the world that they mean to have the exhibition in qnestion in 1861—on the principle thet * sfomines wiht agendo discunt rule ager and so to avoid the ills conseqnent upon i activity, they intend to be active. Onthe 24th in the Council willagain have the subject before them. It is said that the exhibition bine with industry art manufactures all the materials of inteest Lich made the Manchester ex- hibition so emiaeutly successful last L recollect just before the close of that exhibition asking our, everybody's friend, the courteous Mr. John C. Deane, (who was its originator and_princi- pal, indeed we might say sole acting director,) whether such a collection conld be ggain brought to- gether, and his answer was thi here might be two exhibitions, ove after the other, of the art tre: sures of the United Kingdom, and their spéciati might be that nothing should be exhibited that had appeared in any previous exhibition.” Mr. Deane’s opinion on this’ point satisfies us that an interna- tional exhibition of art, with industry combiaed, would be a complete success—pour y parvenir-—-we look slightly to you for some day or other. We pre- sume on side the water you will be doing some- thing of the sort. At ali events, the United States of America, in 1861, will have a gran. opportuaity of showing the advance she has made in arts, manufac- ture and commerce. It is intended to offer greater facilities for all articles sent on sale, for, if not dis- posed of by the end of the exhibition, arrangements are to be made with the Sydenham Crystal Palace Company fora free display there. Apropos of exhibitions, you must have been, in common with us Britishers, very sorry to hear thot Mr. Henderson, of the once celebrated firm of Fox, Henderson & Co., the builders of the exhibiti f 1851, in Hyde Park, and of the Cry: Palace at Sydenham, died the other day, so pennyless that his bereaved wife hon not the means to bury him or save herself from starvation. ” commi'tes has been formed in London 19. ecilect sob uiptoms. A pretty conside: abi + wuount ¢ is penerally considered to fall it Loudon varied ¢e Congs & autre by sooty snow. Fre Bool vord dvaraatists labor under the popular delusion tiat the metropolis is invariably enveloped in fog, and that we are never ablactated from half and half—hence the cause of all plays, where the scenes are laid here, veing fall of thick misty effects, and the characters beer-y. Yeste , for a change, we were favored witha considerable amount of hail, no doubt the cause ur tragedian, Mr. Roberts, thought he would ay a visit to our tragedian, Mr. Charles Kean. 3 k ‘verte was returning across Hyde Park, having lett bie glazed pasteboard at No. 7 Upper Hyde Park when the two greatly talented and physi- pall tragedians, like the Hibernians, met other fece to face, and then went across the path queeve their mawleys. Mr. Kean was by his udece, and sans umbrella, down «: 5 hail. Mr. Roberts, removing the covering from hi castor, and then his castor from his head, inclined gracefully, as the hail pips came titillating on his thatch. Mr. Kean hesitated and then retreated a step or two, as if in dread of some new mode ef Yankee garroting, but was as euddenly checked by his niece, with the quotaiion, “My uncle!” The eclipse was at his height, and ® blueish kind of Mephistophelian darkness mantled Sir Benjamin Hale’s recently planted shrubs. A pause. Mr. Roberts was the first to break the si’suce, ing dexterous!y caught a hail stone in his mouth, wherewith to moisten his parched lips. It was a moment of in tense anxiety for all the park worid were engaged locking through smoked glasses for the ann t of the day. With the calm dignity of ician, Mr. Roberts said, presenting the iand his umbrella to Mr. Kean, “ Permit me.” Mr. Keaa, recovering himself, and seeing the ferrale close to the offerer’s I ciaimed, “ By 10 means, not on for he was apprehensive that Mr. Roberts intended some sleight of hand, and by swallowing the waepeelia being it out somewhere else, To make a long story short, Mr. Roberts, with the gallantry of the young haronet swell of Queen B beth’stime, whois reported to hare doffed his o to make a carriage carpet for the royal petti merely intended to offer the use of ‘his um! the uncle and the niece. After the usual stage busi- ness, # was accepted. The next day Mr. Roberts received a letter of thanks from Mr. Kean, yew umbrella. It has sii ed out that M nkee “ Gingum” in the Mr. Lord Panmure not yet out of office, though that elderly ladylike gentleman is no longer at the head’ of the War Dep: On Easter Monday he becomes First of the little Strand t'eatre, which that evening under the direction of Swanborough—that is, Miss Smith, the sister of Mr. Smith (not the’ nt juniper palatial lessee), who, some three a carried on Drary Lane theatre for a brillPAt seacow of one week. he Earl and Countess ot Stamford and Warring- ton gave a grand knife and fork breakfast last San- day morning at their mansion in Hill street, Berke- ‘ re, in honor of the presentation ofa pair of al monkeys, a9 a tribute of respect frem ny Mitchell, of the Royal Libr 2 The ers: the principe! being Toibeeque, and the sec a bigbly dressed swell a One key wind the ants he monkeys, the other a seri c tures, waltzes, &c. It plays right off for an and a half, exhi he great anxiety of Te to keep time, and b ing ‘ to bis companion, who is not so partic ~ Th rewbled guests were doing ample justice to the dejeuner they evidently appreciated the music and ed “at the funniment, when o rcream from every lady was followed by ereunt parties. The fact of the matter was that the monkeys’ mechauic re wound up to such a pitch of excifement that Monkey Tolbecque got up and vigorously applied his Loot to the ritdown- onkey Swell. The Italian inventor had ned this, or the extra turns of the key t have beer done and the centretemps d. 1am suffering from a fearful headache this morn- solt of a visit to the annual meeting of the Yacht Cinb, held last evening at the club Mr. Andrew Arced+ckne was unanimously Commodore, as was Mr. Eagle rotons pe ing posed notwithstanding Mr. Farmer s p juent upon his removal from the Sail- ing Comm’ r. Kagle ix the life and seul of the clab, which now musters jost 600 members and more yachts than the Thames, the Royal, or avy uther arney Williams’ new and successful character piece, “An Hour in Seville,” is Keeping up an unw- sual | brick be at the little adelphi. Mise Amy Se the original amateur ander the name of Mortimer, ix not cup her vo pe ge She reminds us of whut Smith said of authors—“Some are ong@book and others have a litrary in them. men, Sedgwick made a snccessful debut in herics'p but must shake off ber angular amateurish sty she can become a first rate actress, The Christy § ttrels give their entertainment to-morrow morning at the Duchess of Sotherland’s, when two haudred high-class nobs will be assem*sled in the picture gal y to weleome them. Mr. Charles Cotton is doing ty well at the Prince of Wales’ Hall, in Regent street, with hie new entertainment called “The tose, Shamrock and Thistle.” Oyez! oyex! Then ring the magic bell. Nimmo, the well known and indefatigable employé of Mr. John Mitchell's estab lichment, has received a despatch from the © Great Wizard of the Now'h,” reporting all safe off Holy: head on board au .ustralfan clipper bound for the diggings. Mr. James Anderson and Miss Elsworthy were most succesefal in the Shaksperian reading given by them at the Literary und Scientific Insti tet Miss J. Harton and Mr. Albert Smith's enter- tainments are ever fashionably and fully attended, and the same may be said and prophecied at the Olympic so long as Mr. Robson plays the “Boots at | or, indeed, at all. Our Berlin Correspondence. Bertin, Mareh 10, 1358. Marriage Ovations Still Continued—Torchlight and Musice—Dry Goods Clerks and Students—The Princess Royal at Church— Visit from the King In one of my former letters I gave you an account of the fackelzug, or grand torchlight procession of the Berlin etudents, in honor of Prince Frederick William of Proesia and bis young English bride. A similar ovation was offered to the new married pair on Satorday evening last, by the singing unions of this capital and the neighboring towns. The vocal- ists mustered about 800 strong,and were marshalled under separate flags, according to the voices —basa, baritone, &e, Having assembled at the King’s riding school, they marched slong, carrying Chinese lan. terns, and preceded by bands of music playing the ‘Coronation March” from the “ Prophet,” tothe great court yard of the royal palace, where they struck up a chorus composed for the late fes- tivities, and called “Borussia and Britannia.” Tt was sung with great spirit,and the effect in the reechoing space of the vast court yard was most imposing. After this piece a treble musical cheer wae given for Frederick William and Victoria, their Royal Hignesses appearing at the same time at the brilliantly ilominated windows of the palace and bowing their thanks. The national anthem of “Heil die ein Siegerkraus” followed, (which, by the the Swan, is intended to com: | Jate King’s entering Ber in, upon the downfall of Napoleon 1.) This was 8 ng to words composed for ceasion, alternately, by the chorus and sixteen soli, The band shen performed the “Wedding March,” from Mendclssoha’s music to “Midsummer , Night’s Dream;” and finally the festive chorus of | “Borussia and Britannia” was repeated, with the | accompanimest of the band. Unfortunately, the | weather that evening was terrible; a tremendcus | wale was blowing from the west, attended by heavy | | snow drifts, which somewhat diminished the effec! of | the performance, end would have discouraged any other singers bit Germans, who in such matters | evince a hardihood and unflinching perseverance whic they are sadly in want of on more important occasions. Jn spite of the unpropitious state of the atmosphere an immense crowd of listeners had aesem- bled, and the pressnre was so excessive that the iron gates of the palec: had to be closed to prevent those that had got intothe court yard from being squeezed to death by the surging masses that were endeayor- ing to follow them. On the whole, therefore, ii was perhaps just as well that the weather happened to be so unfavorable; had it been a J9e evening all Ber- Ki would have been present, and any accidents would have occurred. Some further particulars have transpired about the attempt made by the young merchants (i. e. dry gooc clerks and shopmen) of Uerlin to get up @ Sackelzug in imitation of the students, [t appears that the committee appointed by them had given notice of their intention to the police, withort whose permission nothing can be done here,and who promised to report upon it to the Grand Cham- | berlain, Count Dohna, the supreme authority in all | matters connected with the court. Two or three weeks elapsed without their bi sii § any further answer to their petition. whereapon the committee applied again to the police, representing tha’ tke time suitable for such a demonstration was passing by, and that it could not he desyed much longer if it were to come oi! at all. The President of Potice replied that he was very sorry but that he could not | assume the responsibility of allowing it without the sanction of the Grand Chamberlain. The committee | retired ina huff,and immediately called « meeting | of the young men who had proposed to take a part in the intended fackelzug, in which it was resolved to give it up altogether, and to devote the fands col- lected for the purpose to a convivial supper. A day or two after this resolution had been ears’ed into | effect a communication arrived from the police, , stating that Count Dohna had just sent to inform them that he was quite willing to grant the per- mission required, and that the Prinee avd Princess | would be ready to accept the homage of the young | merchants on such and such a day, to which the | committee Lig ee that they were very much | obiiged to his Excellency, but that the day mention- | | ed was “a day after the fair.” ; On Sunday the Prince and Princess Frederick William, and the Princess of Prussia, attended di- vine service at the English chapel, in the Monbijon ; Palace. The young Princess spreere to great dis- ; advantage by the side of the tall and commanding figure of her mother in-law; it must be confessed, in | fact, that she is a rather insignificant looking little Yady, but she is gaining “golden opinions” by her | wood natnre and the unaffected kindness with which she trea.« every one that approaches her. The old Prince of Prussia has been confined to his room for the last fortnight, in consequence of a fall, by which he sprained his ankle severely; but Le is now recov- ering. His Reyal Highness seems to have been born | under an unlucky star, for his whole life has been | one succession of accidents. At home or abroad, something is sure to ey to him; in the ante- delovian times, before the invention of railroads, bis | travelling carriage was constantly overturoing or hie horses running away with him: once he tambled offa platform and almost killed bimself; another time his sleeping apartment caught fire, and he was | nearly roasted. Then, again, he wouldslip on the | parqvetted floor of his drawing room, or a chande- ier would fall down upon him, and almost crash bim to death. Ifomens were believed in nowadays a disastrons Lt would be prognosticated him in case be should ever as end the throne, but perbapa he will have exnausted the malice of fortune before that period arrives. The other day the King came to see him for the first time since his illness, and @ayed with him for about half an hour, Prince Albert, their youngest brother, who was present at the interview, says (as 1am informed by a triend of mine,) that the King ed “bei leidlicher besrunung” (tolerably fe), an expression which shows plainly en in his more lucid moments his not entirely free trom the dark clond that In bedily beatth he has improved wonderfully. He takes long welks and rides every 3 spite of wind and weather, and looks almost es stout as ever. Under these circumstances there is no prospect that the provitonal authority ca- trusted to the Prince of Vrussia will either cease or he converted into a Regency; indeed. the latter has agreed to wait for at levst twelve months, to see her his brother will recover the entire amount y steps for settling antry on @ more perma- mind i overshadows it. t basis, The weather this winter his been and ismost puz- viirg te meteorologists, setting th heories and | hypotheses at naught with 9 perve worthy of | a better canse, About Chiistmas anda great part | of January it was quite mild, the thermometer but snow nor rain to epenk of, either in Jannary or Feb- rhary: on the contrary, the latter month came in with’ very severe frost and constant east wind, whieh lasted throughout the month and up to the begin- ning of this. It is only within the last few days | that the snow bas made its appearance in considera- | ble qvantities, after being anxtonsly looked for all winter, the rivers in many parts of many having got so low last autumn as to adait only of the very smallest craft mooring in them. While Lam writiy } hear the tinkling of the bells on the sleighs, whic! | had only been out tu the streets or a day or two all ; the , although rivers and canals have been fro- ra descending below’ the treeziag point, while accounts reached us of extreme cold | | in Spain and Italy, and heavy falls of snow even | in Kiely and Turkey: at Constantinople to @ | depth sever vefore experienced by the “oldest in- | hati cut.” In thie quarterthere haw been neither | zen over for nearly two months, to the great delight | of the skating portion of the cor ty, ineledin | many of the fairer sex, among whom thie healthful } ame t bas become qvite popalar of late. The change from severe frost to mild weather and west- erly Greenes ws heralded by a fall of the barometer | fo Sudden and enormous that it quite startled our | scientit'« men; in fact, if we may believe the cele- brated meteorologist, Professor Dove, such a pheno | menon has never been observed since barometers were first invented. Bevtin, March 17, 1858, ete King to Visit Maly—Legisttwe Inaction © mocratic Progress— Stagnation of Trade— The Money Crisis—Its effects on Commerce and Manufactures. After mature deliberation the King's medical ad- vieers have decided upon his taking a journey this summer, either to Haly or the seuts of France, an entire change of seene and removal from all contact with the parties and polities of liv own country Leing considered indispensable for he complete re covery. It ie not hie physical condition which ren dere thie excursion imperative: that, on the con- trary, leaves scarcely anything to be desired; but the improvement in his mental state has not pro- ceeded pari passu with that of his bodily health, and cannot be expected to do so in the moral atmos phere that surrounds him at Potedom or Charlottes burg. A temporary absence from the seat of gov+ ernment will prevent him from worrying himaelf, or from being worried, with vain atteupts to resume the exercise of his regal functions, which, though leading to no practical result, have at least the | effect of keeping the whole administrative machine | in a state of suspense and obstructing such measures of public utility as might be contemplated by his vicegerent. Of couree he will be accompanied by the Queen, who has shown herself unwearied iv her attendance on him during his illness, but it isto be hoped that the physicians will insist upon General Guloch and the rest of that clique being left at home, in order to insure the King that perfect re- | pore and emancipation from all occult influence which are essential to his nal recovery, There is | some probability of the Dowager Empress of Ras- | sia joining her brother, either before hie departure | or after his arrival at the place of his destination; but I believe nothing has been deeited on this sub- | plan, since the company of the Czarina, who is always attended by & numerous and brilliant reti- nue, would he likely to interfere with the retire- ment and seclusion which are the main objects of the King’s journey. The Lepisiature eppears to share in the gencral paralysis with whic! the government of this country has been struck for * ¢ last_sit_ months. The only i | ject; indeed, there are serious objections to such a | h introduce the punishment of flogging, which was erased from the criminal code of Prussia by the re- vyolotion of 1848, In several of the ematlur Geran States this hes been already effected; the reactiou- ary party lock upon the whip as one of the most pewertul engines of goverument, and endeayor to preve that the increase of crime noticed in some provinces ir entirely owing toits aoolition, Their reasoning is very much like that of the Times in de- terce of the lynching of Eton schoolboys; if a man ccmmitted an offence they say, he used to be flog- ged, and there was an end ot it, bat now be is sent to poison, a punishment whicb he hus no particular dread of, as be 1s fed and clad at the expense of the State, ana the consequence is that the prisons are filled to overflowing, and the community is buithered with the maintenance of a set of vaga: bonds who in former times were ney cee toa chestizenent as summary aa it was inexpensive. The Miniter of Justice, however, ses his face against the motion, and it was rejected by a small majority. In the Chamber of Deputies considerable interest was excited by an interpellation addressed to the Miniter of the Interior, respecting the recent Jecuions at kibing. In that city, which has always been one of the strongholds of the cemocratic party, the police were even more busy than they usually are on such occasions; they went round to the electors, recommending the government ticket, amd threatening them with all sorts of pains 4nd penalties if they refused to vote it, while mauy per- sons who were known to be partizans of the oppesi- tion were actually driven from the polls and pre- vented from ving their votes. ‘The line of argument adopted by M. de Weetpalen, in justitication of there acts of violence, was more cnrious than felicitous, He stated that the police had merely interfered to prevent the electors from being terrorized by the democratic faction, and to rotect them in the exercise of their rchi+, in which hey were menaced by the incorrit)'» cuemies of ace and order. He admitted aw Viat the wudable zeal of the police hed indreea them in some instances to lose sight of the forms prescribed by law, and promised that they should be more strictly observed in future. To any one who knows the state of prostration to which the Prussian de- mocracy is reduced, the idea of their terrorizing the electors and intimidating those who are inclined to vote ‘n favor of goverumeot is certainly moat as- tounding. If M de Westphalen actually entertains 80 strange an hallucination, it is still more unaccount- able that be should have been so anxious a few ay since to do awey with the ballot which would ave shielded the well dixposed portion of the community from the wrath of these blood thirsty ferroriste. But it must be —recol- lected that in continental governments it i» invariable maxim that the police can do no wrong, that all their actions are “dixcreetest, wisest, best,’ and there is no doubt the Minister of the In- terior smagined be was displiy! ig an unparalleled amount of candor and impartiality in admitcing that they had been guilty even of the slightest deviation from the strict letter of the law, thoagh of course tae were amply excused by the purity of their in- eutions. The stagnation in mercantile concerns, arising trom the late monet eri continues unabated. Itis felt’ more esp»cially by the manufacturers of cotton and silk goods who sell or export to Poland and Rossia. The buyers from those countries are accustomed to make their purcheses on credit, and the difficulty appears to be now that they are ‘paid at home in Russia bank notes, which are carrer there, but after crossing the frontier into Prussia are oply tuken at a lossof 12 to 14 percent. This neither ory, creditor or debtor, is willing to bear; any how, the Polish Jews have made it an excuse for not pay- ing their debts and stopping away from the spring fair of Frankfort-on-the Oder, one of the three held in the course of the year, and where there is gene- rally the most business transacted. The report on the sume says: The distressing occurrences that have lately taken place in the commercial world, and the continuons losses of the manufacturers by bankruptcies, farlures and suspensions of payment at the great emporiumsof trade, could not but exert an unfavorable infinence on the oporations of the fair. There was no life inthe tre®asctions, many buyers, chiefly those from Poland and Russia, were m sing, and purchasers from other parts, who were on the spot, could obtain eo for cash at their own prices from needy manufacturers in want of ready money. According to official statements the supply of goods brought to the fair amounted to 87,000 cwt, far exceeding the demand in every article. Breadeloth, one ot the principal items, was chietly bought by speculators, at a considerable reduction on last year’s prices, wrung from the necessities of the manufacturers, Other fabrics of wool and cot- ton produced in the Zollverein met with a tolerably brisk sale, especielly for the eouth of Germany, whereas in mo-t descriptions of dry s imported from abroad the sales were bat middling, though oy quite came up to the depressed expectations of the importers. In hardware, porcelain and glass- ware. the absence of Voli-h customers was more se- verely felt, and in conseqnence thereot the sale of these articles was triflin;. Leather, of whioh there wae a plentéful rapply. found but a limited sale, aud at a reduction of one-third on the pricea of last antumn’s fair. Insheep » wool, too, the stock on hand was large, and sales could only be’ effected at pricea conriderably lower than those that raled at last summer's markets.” Locking at such reports as the foreroing, it is evi- dent that the effects of the cri-is in the manufac- terive interest are far from having ceased. Par chasers keep outof the market when they see the raw material constantly falling, in the nataral ex- pectation that the menufactared article will soon follow; the storekeepers buy but little, and offer such prices as do not realize cost to the prodacer, and thoe the list of bankrupts is being swelled from day te day by the middle class of manufacturers, if yr as no Polish or Russian buyers appeared at Pronkfort, and they must have disposed of part of their #tock at least during the interval of three or four months, the hope is indulged that by next Easter fair, which commences at Leipaig in about thre weeks, they will have raised sufficient hard cach to pay their debts and to lay in fresh stocks of gocds to fill up the vacancy. Transatlantic custo- mere may also be expected to arrive on hearing of the /ail of prices that has taken place since last year. Affairs In Spain. OUR MaDKID CORRESPOND (CR. Mapaip, March 7, 1858, Temporary Quiet in the Country—Question of a Right in Cortes Treaty of Boundary Limits with France Unsatisfactory Aspect of the Ques- tion Spanish Bishops ead Cardinal's Hats, Madrid is calm, and there i+ a lull in the great po- litical strifes of Spain. It is neither winter now nor summer, but the time between the word and the blow. The men of name are silent and not heard in the halls of the Cortes, The extremes— liberalism and absolatism—are quarrelling each within itself, and the common thought is that about July there will probably be a violent political con- vulsion here, the last, or one of the many such shockw that are seemingly to come, to loosen and at last lay prostrate the throne. For a week or two SHEET. Mapsaip, Mare 15, 1858, Ministry Upheld in the Cortes—Revenue and a Lean—So gium to be Cultivated in place of the Vine—Inundation of Seville—Fvench Passports and Frenchmen—Wheat Crops—Price of Flour in Cuba—Duties on Tobacco—Spanish Trade on the Coast of Africa Interfered with by British Cruisers—Case of the Fernando Poo— Weather at Madrid. The strifes in the Congress of Spain continue with unabated earnestness between the leaders of sec- | tions. A vote, however, on the budget has given an immense majority for the administration of Isturiz, The increased impost to be assessed on real property for revenue is estimated at over two mil- lions of dollars, and it is asserted that the govern- ment has disposed of drafts to the amount of three millions on the exchequer of Cuba, guaranteed by the Bank of Spain, which,run at no less a rate than 12 per cent per annum. The Agricultural Soeiety of Galicia is busily en- gaged in giving the public all the information in its power respecting the advantages that will arise in that province and other parts of Spain, to the culti- yators of the sorgium, and the abandonment of the grape in regions where the vine has been wasted by the o¢diuon. No abundance of sugar, however great, on the coast, is likely to produce any change in the pees at the capital, where it is 30 cents per pound for loaf, and 15 for common brown; an exemplifica- tion of which is that while fresh pork on the bor- ders of Portugal is at 10 cents the pound, at Madrid Pree with little change at about-three times that ce. ¥ A heavy rain fell at Seville on the 2d, swelling the Guadalquiver Uayend its banks, and inundating a part of the city. On the 4th, the floods still rising, the citizens were obliged to make use cf boats in (race about the streets,and the Vega of Triana came completely overtiown. The villagers were driven into the town, and the authorities of the place, in order to give them employment, have set about laying the foundations of some publis strue- tures. Onthe 5th the waters began again to fall, and on the 10th had completely retired within the bed of the river. ‘The additional reqnirements for passports impored by the government of France is considered with it impatience by the people to the south of the ryrenees, who dislike the sy.tem even in its mildest. form, and doubly detest it for its origin—because it is French. The Spaniard, to whose nature even species of assassination is hateful, is astonished to hear his character questioned on the frontier in these demande; and the periodicals loudly rejoice in the po- sition taken by England in the question of assisting to protect the person of the creat Emperor, bringing bitterly to mind his circumstances, and the time when enjoying an asylum in Switzerland and ia Great Britain be conspired in safety against Louis Philippe, coming himrelt repeatedly to spread civil war among the people of the country over which he now holds sway. The hopes entertained in the wheat growing parts of the United States during the last year that the seareity of grain in the Peninsula might bring about an abandonment of the protective duty imposed in Cuba on American flour, for revenue and the benefit of agriculture in Spain, may well enough be abandoned for the present, in view of the heavy crop of the last year and the prospect at the moment of a still further abundont one. Here isa statement of its values in the last thirteen mouths. In January, 1857, the average price of wheat over | Spain was $4 24 the fanega, and in December tul- lowing was $2 47, falling in January to $2 40; the Province in which it was dearest in these last twu months being Poutevedra, on the coast of Galicia, where it steod $3 27 a $322, the cheapest in Avilco, in the heart of the Peninsula, where, according to the official rendering, it averaged over the Province, $1 91a $1 S56. At points it was still higher and lower. Ina couple of years more, when the railroads now in course of constrnetion are more advanced, the widely differing pricesof grain, as well os other rovisious. in the forty eight Provinces will avera; jess, and it is expected will permanently redace the price of flourin Cuba. Yesterday a movement was made in the Cortes to repeal the decree of last year permitting the free entry of foreign flour, issued ex- trajudically in the pressing necessity of the country; though the general opinion even then was, that not- withstanding the searc:'y in some parts, there were enough provisions raised, could they be reached, for the common support. On the subject of the importation of tobacco, ‘a royal order has been issued requiring $1 50 the pound to be paid on that coming directly from the colonies, and $2 in cases where vessels touch at a foreign port, the purpose being, it is alleged, not only to protect the revenues from fraud, but indace Spa- nith merchantmen to make their voyages directly home, as,if it were not a constant difficulty and a se- riovs one in the prosperity of the commercial marine that the Spanish sailor is so prone to that he must always be paid well to induce him to make any other, a round voyage being to his utter distaste. Loud complaints are made in some of the ports against what is considered the unfairness of England to Spanish vessels resorting for trade to the coast of Africa, The corvette Fernando Poo, it is said, was there seized = a British cruiser on the charge of being a slaver, and after having been tried kd the nfixed commission of Sierra Leon, under the treaty of 1835, and adjudged not a good — was returned to the master, but in so bad acondition from the damage sustained during her de- tention, from the neglect of those in charge of her, that she sonk directly after having been received—a circumstance, it is remarked, the more 07) we was a new vessel. A claim in equity for tue pay ment of this loss has been urged by the Spanish Minister at St. James for the last three years, but without any avail, it “being the interest of the British government to cause the Spanish shipping to retire from the const, that the commerce there may, to — tinost extent possible, be enjoyed by ber own Verne! For a week past there has been « tion of the weather to the wa the air on these table lands contin: ’ ing to be still very sha There has i this winter at Madrid when a fire has pot been ¢ m- fortable. A gentleman of poetic tempeninent lis just come, muftied up in his cloak, from oolong off over the country near the Plaza Oriente. (4+ 0» ern gate of the Moor, near his once Alea t 16 vega is described as beginning to look a |ittle en; the river between, at the foot of the city ung fora league or more with the cle Jaundresses, and, aa rare in sight seeing of the Guadarrema, npon which the rays 0 are striking in great force, is receiving a of snow, through which the light strikes, appearance to th san ¢ mountains of being bary » than atmosphere of transparent silver, whatever that may be supposed to like. ‘The news of “the firet ight of the United States Congressional session” was tery ee » Madrid aa soon as it arrived in Rarope, and directly ap eared in all the conservative journals of Spain, a» weil as in some of the liberal ones. the opinion has been gathering of a return of the government to an administration ander O'Donnell; but the people and the Queen often think differently, and order differently; and there is as yet no out- ward mark that this course will be acceptable to her Majesty, unless an extreme necessity should make itso in the dreaded inclining to republicanism which is periodical in Spain when the cold is gone and the weather not wet or otherwise uncomfortable. The Senate has jost had an important lucubration presented before it from one of its committees—the right of a member (who holds his place for life) to resign, which by a majority report is determined in the negative; but the great body presenting a va- riety of opinion on every aspect of the enbject has, by vote, returned it to find a resolution more oon- sonant to ite wish. The consequences will be nothing; the resulta, thus far, some filngs at the Doke of Victoria, who, after the fall of his Presi- dency the act of the Queen and O'Donnell, in 1806, directly withdrew to Logrona, and by this resignation ventared @ hope to retire from public life. Spain is immensely scandalized by the consequences of a ‘treaty she ms cele- brated with France. From time immemorial It seems the people on the other side of the Vidasoa have had the exclusive right of navigating ite waters, the use of the entrance and ‘be anc without; but now the guard boats withdrew under the 22d article, as they have no rights superior to the vessels of France, which, with no interruption, carry on their contraband trade from bank to bank, in the moments that they are not watched. This is not the least, it is considered, of ray conces- sions. It is allowed to the people of the other side to cast their nets and to fish freely in the waters of the river—a privilege not so important in iteelf, it is thought, as in the outward appearance to the world that the limits of the Peninsula, already too small, ¢ become abridged by the slender capacities of Governors and the inattention of the Cortes, The journals of the country express the hope that his Hol will soon name, from affection for ple, those bishops of the Qneen and the Spanish the Peninaula to be cardinals in seats—more than a dozen of which have lately heen left vacant hy the demise of thove princes of the charch—few heing now alive—who were raised to those stations by V1. and a favorable moment presenting Gregory XVI. now in'which Spain, through the Pope, may A French Eye Opener for ene Merchants of A NEW ROAD TO THR PACIFIC OCEAN, THROUGH CANADA—-A RIVAL TO NRW YORK COWISG INTO VIEW-A GREAT EXPLORING EXPEDITION \)roRT OF ENGLAND TO MONOPOLIZE THE TRADS OF AME RICA— SHOULD NOT FRANCE DO SOMETIC' YO ORT A KE OF THE GREAT TRADE? BTC. Hy (Tracesiated ror the New York Herald from | + Journ: Empire of Paris, Mares ' | The astonishing en! it and incr of the trade and commerce of the Western States ond pro: vinees of North America—a developet«ot which ave and has taken place only within the last few has for some time past excited much atten, and awakened a lively interest both in Boy ui and America. " The creat expedition which is about to « from London in a short time, having for ite 1 eee of the regions of the far tw belong to England, has been evident! the with no other view bat that of dete the covree and direction to be given to tiv eae trade of western America, which by the ial enterprise of both countries has within 1: few ears assumed such gigantic dimens:» t is indeed pretended that the t of th. vreat expedition is merely of a scientific ©). ster. Tt is ostensibly put forth to the wor a it is a mission entrusted with the |odcos of exploring the several countries whi) till under the government of the Huds Com. pany. It is known that the regions tunder | (0 away of this Reon ag comprise immense Territories, whi>' are altogether unknown at the at day, and which are, the greater part of them, still in the same wild and savage state as when they were % crea- ted hy the power of the Creator of the «1 / are countries where the feet of men |i+ trodden, where the + the sound of the ha xpedition Joloae! WL rr of ae - engineers, wil Acer pari ‘under the command of Cap: Artillery. On arriving a bya handred men, as » selected fre the Ly Ly wed = servants judaon Ly Company. an wil then push on and go ahead, as the mercy of fo ay please to fayor it. Preve who Tite in the world, and who are not altogether blind to the progress and proceedings of such kind of things as these are not to be ee eed nor to he made dupes of as to the F pose such an ondertaking. England and the United that power which shall be able to maintain the most certain and most rapid communication between | Enrope and Asie It isnot merely by the Isthmus | of Suez, or by thy Red Sea, that heuceforth the trade | with the Hast is ,oing to be carried on, The east ern continent of Asia will be waked up to a new comercial activity from other ports, and especially from the several ports of the Chinese Empire. Con- sequently, ihe empise of the world, in a commercial | point of view, will henceforth belong to that one ot the two powers of England and America whict shall be the first to find means to establish a direct road across the continent of America whereby to communicate mm rapidly with the great Fast on the Pacific side, and with Europe on the Atlantic side. will be the great highway by which the price of the Old World will have to be carried to the Eastern world. Such a road is wanted in order to transport with abundance and celerity both the multitude of emi- pe and the abundance of the produsts demanded yy civilization. Hence it is that the victory which is to give the empire of the world will be gained by that Power which shall be the first to establish the first line of raiJroad across regions and countries which as yet are unknown and unexplored. The struggle for the attainment of this great victory is well worth the trouble and expense which it will cost; for the em- pire of the seas and the commercial dominion over the whole world are the great stakes which are being played for. There can be no doubt but that the English expedition to which we have referred has no other object in view but that of prepacing for the construction of a sreat transit road, to pee di- Tyas oe the Enatish possessions in America, by which road the Asiatic and European worlds wi be, as it were, united together. The expedition, it is said, will land at Chagres ; from thence it will cross the Isthmus of Panama ; it will then penetrate into . alifornia, and then, passing through unknown and uheard of defiles, over ter- rible and craggy mountains, it will pierce into terri- tories yet iaestoepaneterg lie on the borders of the Pacific Ocean, and then proceed thronch vast deserts and vii forests to some port of Ca- nada on the Pacific. Four years have been fixe? upon as the calculation of the time which will be re- juired to accomplish the purposes of the expedition, No dangers which they 1.1) encounter can ight or appal these bold and advert". onstravellers. A regu- Jar post communication will be established by means of Canadian trappes and travellers. These are a | race of men who sprif, from French ancestors; they ) still speak our langue’ and retain the traditions of | our country. By meo of them, as a running post, established at different and suitable stations, news from the expedition wilt be regularly given to the English government as i. progresses on its march. The British government will then, no doubt, imme- diately set to work, according to the information communicated by the expedition, and begin the railroad at the several points pointed out by the en- gineers of the expedition. Tn this way it ia \uat we shall soon be witnesses of one of those grand and eaceful revolutions which, in all of the world, ee played a greater part in deciding the fate of the buman race thanall] the great and most decisive battles that have ever been fought, or all the com- pletest conquests that have ever been made. For several years past, with that energy and promptitude which is so peguliarly characteristic of | the Canadian le—s ble trait of character, which no doubt is to be attributed to the French blood which flows in their veins—the Canadian government has been engaged in making every pos- sible effort in aid of the gigantic developement of the commerce of the Western country. The © .crifices which this enlightened government has made in order to draw all the Westera trade to its own rivers and seas, and to lead it to concentrate at some port on its own coast, have been enormous, involving am immense expenditure of money. Its labors in pur- suance,also,f the immutable faws of trade and com- uot {lleventuc! » of being crowned with Let us vever forget that Canada, stence whatever trom the mother vi olly and entirely out of her own contributed in the course of a period of time as much as three mullions steiiing for the construction of a rail- road of such immense magnitude and importance that Europe itself can afford no parallel to it. This railroad will ke four thousand miles long, and in the course of its passage will be carried across er rivers, compared with which even the Danubo itself would only be looked upon as a little rivulet of shallow water, This vast railroad is called the Grand Trunk. As soon as it is completed toa terminus called Sarnia, it will at that place intercept and take up, forthe bene» fit of Canada, a trace which even in 1855 exceeded in value sxty-two millions sterling. This trade, which is to be intercepted by the Canadian ga ' was formerly carried ou by way of Buffalo, with, however, a maritime loss annually of more than a | million of rs, without reckoning the stoppages and serious delays caused by the frequent transpo- sitions of cargo which were necessary. Even al- ready the ee po of asingle section of the (ireat Trunk line of railroad, which took place this year, has intercepted and diverted into the Canadian {channel all the local trade of the old It has already done this compar uvely Ur | line on that section. to such an extent that it has caused several steam- ers to be withdrawn from the line, and the com- | panies which owned them to give up all competi- { tien. The Ontario and St. Lawrence lines of | steamers, which bad nine boats engaged in the | trade, have given up aad ceclared themselves in- bolvent, and their boats oO be 80: oO er | solvent, and their boats are to b ld to pay th debts. The employment of great ocean steamers | between Liverpool and Quebec, for the carrying of | emigrants and merchandize to America, with retura | cergoes of grain and flour to Europe, is now in co | templation and will shortly be carried into effec | y the use for this purpose of the various great | steamers which are at present engaged in carrylag | troops to India. There are many able and expe- rienced merchants who predict that in a M3) short time Sarnia will take the place of Buffalo, and Montreal that of New York, blotting out, com- mercially, both these places from the high position om now occupy as trading cities. ie American journals themselves begin to ex- hibit some alarm as to the turn which things are oking, and one of them especially has pointed out clearly the advantages of the situation and the at interests which are at stake. If we take ex- rience as the guide of our judgment in this mat- | ter, we may affirm that the commercial products of the West, after having aoe through Lake St. | Clair, on arriving at Builalo on the eastern shore of | Lake must be transported to New York by the Erie canal. Consequently, in order to intercept all | this trade, and to direct it into another channel, the diversion of this commercial stream must be made at some point west of the city of Baffalo, Now, Sarnia is precisely the spot which nature re~ repared for this purpose. The navigation of Lake t. Clair and Lake Erie is more difficult and dan- | one than that of the whole line of the River St. wrence. In a re mate to the Congress of the United States by a commitwe oF the House on this subject, | it is ehown that there er three great and imminent dangers to which this route is exposed. These are, shipwreck, collision, and the danger of running upor shoals and breakers. These dangers on this special line arise from the narrow space to which the navi- gation of vessels of all kinds is restricted, as well also as from the storms to which the lakes are sub- ject, the expoved condition of their shores, and the total absence of harbors in which vessels might be able to take refuge from any impending hurricane. The losses from all these various causes which have occurred on Lakes Ontario, Erie, Huron, Michigan and St. Clair within the period of eight years, viz., from 1848 to 1855, amounted to the eum of $5,828,546, being $1,482,086 perannam. Ltes Ontario ond Michigan are four times larger ‘han Lake St. Clair, and three times than Lake rie. low depth of watet in this last men- tioned lake renders tne storins which ao frequently | occur upon it much more dangerous, operating as & sort of drawback to the extent of its area. Conse- quently, it ix affirmed that of the amoant of the losses “arising to the shipping from marine disasters which we have just given. the sum of $1,132,086 ont of the wholé amount is to be laid to the ac- count of this lake. The amount of loss to shipping on this lake, from various causes, in the Seed ts sustal in together with the Sine h difficalty experienced by vessels consequence of the carrying freight in crossing the flats of St. Clair, amounted to the sum of $030,446. losses suffered on Lake Erie alone for the same year amounted to the sum of $237,241. Now, it must be borne in mind that tl losses increase every year, in the same proportion ‘as the trade increases and as a greater Ean of tonnage is employed in the navigation ef thia lake. Let us, however, sappose the annual loss to amount ry hy the sum of one million of dollars every year, 1 mn years we have a loss of ten millions of dol- tare. fo great and #0 destructive to commerce have the losses and delags experienced on the line from De~ troit by Lake St. Clair always been, thatat a meeting of ship owners and others interested in the trade, held fast year at Chatham, the following preamble | and resolutions were unanimously adopted :— \ Whereas, this meeting is of, the opinion that, a trade amounting in value to the sum of $62, 784,982 remea over the flate of St. Clair in poe ee 855, and whereas the loss upon this amount in the same year exceeded the sum of a millon of by ved, that the said flats are and always will be a formidable hindrance to trade, and will re pie its heing carried on to the ex- tent to which it otherwise would be; and it is the opinion of this meeting that the difference of opinion existing among scientific men in the United States in reference to this subject, affords sufficient evidence of the fact that it is impossible to give any greater developement to trade and bys 4