The New York Herald Newspaper, August 19, 1857, Page 6

4 NEW YORK HERALD. JAMES GURPON BENNETT, ep Tob AND PROPRIBTOR OFFICE BR. W. CORNER OF FULTON AND NASSAC OT, * as. Lee came pot RY BL Der oe any Basar 0: me con Sande or 88 fo ame am ofthe Patines od Y ARRALD, mwery Wedmeaday, as (wr conls per MUNDENUB, onatniny a of the worl. if used will be le: OP CORRSAPORDERTS ane Pax Au ‘uprreu ane Pactagee 5 sie hte Gi Pally ond fo ggriine HOULaKtyY VeoreErrer vo ¥ on. BOUICB wine of animumneous vorveepondancs #4 do nee Orme ected JOR PRINTTRE arpernim’ oath mentmaen ohanpmane and das ay ae es prea es teriet inthe Wywery Venain, PawiLy FERAL, Oalivornia and Furopean Editumes « auteerNnemente tne and in the sevens Wolwme te Be 920 AMURKMENTS THiS BVENING. RIBLO® GARDEN Aroadwav Tiant Rors Feats—La Boo: etimee- Prowenane Coxcart —PONGo, BOWERY THE-TKE Sowery—Lapr or Lrows-Dovece Bappsy Roon—Batan Bosoumms. BURTON'S THEsTRE. “roadway, oppose Bond st. eaties Urens - Li TROvsTORE LAURA KERNR’S THEATRE, Broadway—feriocs Faxi- i¥—Maip OF BUNSTER. ACADEMY OF MUSIC, Fourteenth st —Quiwp CHoRa: Orem. ay Une Hompegp Axp TWENTY-FIVE AMER BARRUM’S aMKRUAN MUBEUM, Aroaqwar—Boucs Buareu Basy -Dissoreine Vrews, Faats oF Macic, £0. MEUBANTO®? aid, 672 Brona }—NBGaL MELODIES, £0.—Downs u Acvavawa~ By Buran ame. “Wew Work, Wednesday, August 19, 1837. Mat's for Europe. THE NEW YORE HERALD—BDITION FOR BUROPR. ‘The Cunard steamniy Pereis, Capt. Judkins, will leave ‘this port to-day for Liverpool. The European mails will close in this city at twelve o'clock, noon, The European edition of the Hakan, printet in Frencb fand English, will be pubsished 6: lon o’dluck in the morn- ME. Kgle conier, ip wrappers, six cenls. Babsoriptione and adverisements for any edition of the New Vous Axaatp wil! be rece! vod at the following placer tm Europes Loxpos— Am, & European Express Co., 61 King Wiikam at. RAgin— Do dv. 8 Place ae la Bourse, bivexroo— Do 9 Chapel street. de Lrvexroor—R, Mart, 10 Exchange streot, Casi Bsves—Am, & European Expross Oo,, 21 Rue Corneille. ‘The contents of the European edition of the Huxaip wii Bombine the news received py mai! and telegraph at this @fiice during the previous week, and ap to tac hourof pudlicahos. Mails for the Pacific, NEW YORK SERALD—CALIFORNIA EDITION. The Gnited States mai! steamship Central America, Capt. Herndon, will leave tals port to morrow afternoon, at two o’oiock for Aspinwall. ‘The mails for vaufornia and oiber parts of the Pacific ‘Will close at one o'clock The New Yous Wexery Hematp—(al'fornia edition— containing the latest intelligence from al! parts of the world ‘will be published @ eleven o’cloek tn the morning. ‘Single copies, (co wrappers, ready for mailing, sixpence. Agents wil) ploase send tn their ordors as carly aa possible The News ‘The steamship Arabia, which left Liverpool on the Sth inat.,is mow due at this port with three days later news, Itis probable thet she will also | bring us intelligence from the Atlantic telegraph | 8q UW dron. The s'eamsbip Tennessee arrived at this port yes- terday morning from San Juan dei Norte, with two bondred and sixty Ceserters from General Walker's filibasier army in Nicaragua. They were ina very Cestitate concition, and subs:riptions were taken up for their re ief. We give a fall and graphic account of their movements in another colamn. An investigation of very mystAFious occurrence is now in progress before the police authorities of Newark, N. J., an interesting account of which we publish elsewhere. It appears thata physician of Newark recently purchased a yacht, and, together with his family, proceeded down the bay on a cruise. During the voyage cue of the fema'e domestics sick- ened and died, and the doctor had the body con” veyed on shore, near the Ocean House, at Sbrews bury, and buried in the sand. Some time subse” quently he returned and disinterred the corpse for the purpose, as alleged, of giving it proper burial Kt was while the party were digging up the body | that their movements excited the suspicion of s gen" tieman who was s‘rolling unobserved in the vicinity. He communicated the circumstances to Mr. Bre- voort and Superintendent Tallmadge, of the Police Department, through whose exertions the facts nar- rated in our report were brought to light We publish some oééitional news from Mexico this morning. The result of Senor Lafragua’s mis sion to Madrid was anxiously looked for. General A e7 hae addressed the ‘‘natioms ot Europe and America’ on the sutject of the pending difficulties with Spain, and defencs his name from calumuies circulated ip connection with the slaughter of the Spenisrds at San Vicemte, an act which, he says wea done entirely indepeadent of the troops wuder his command. A new treaty with the United “tates ia svoken of as being in course of preparation. The ‘ted much attention. jy familiar with the circumstances of the case. egro imaigration from Lonisiana to the We have news from the Cape of Good Hope to the last of Juze From the Sth to the lith there were tremendous gales on the coast. Ten large vessels and a larger number of smal! vessels were wrecked ‘The whaling bark North America, from New Lon don, lost two cables and anchors. Letters from Kefirland mention the extreme distress to which the Kafir tribes bave been reduced by the cattle kill mania, to which they have lately fallen victim. A very interesting article on the commercial re laticns of the United States with the South Ameri can republics may be found ou the secund page of to-day's paper. ‘The Bupreme Court of Maine has decided that free colored persons of African descent are author ized, wpon complying with the same laws that | qualify white men, under the provisions ef the con- stitution of the State, to be electors for Governor, Senators and Representatives. The decision of the Court was rendered in compliance with a joint reso lotion of the Legislature, passed last winter. The Gecision is in direct conflict with the opinion of the United States Court in the Dred Scott case. The investigation into the circumstauces attend ing the death of Alexander Doyd, shot by burglars rome time since, wae continued yesterday. The testimony given by a man named MeGione, as also that of bis wife and one Farrell, was 80 contradic tory that the Coroner concladed to commit them to wait further developements in regard to the case. The Board of Ten Governors met yesterday, but transacted no business of general interest. There were 6,410 persona in the public institutions on the 15th inst.—av increase of 65 as compared with the retarns of the week previous The esteem frigate Mississippi, bound for Cli left the Navy Yard yesterday morn and chored off the Battery. After taking in Ler powder phe will proceed on her voyare. ‘The Excise Commissioners received s number of applications for license yesterday, and gave notice that they would meet daily after the frst,Taesday in Reptember until the session of fifty days was ended #0 Gist al! applications are required to he sent in Lefore that time expires. Toe mice of coiten yesterday were confined to about 190 2 50 bales, based wpon miidi'ng uplands at 1651/0. aot middling New Orieane at ifc a164¢. Flour was to fair Gemand from the domestic trade and wae without coange of moment , common and extra grades of wertorn, Cana diag and sovthern were some casier, and closed al que tof Mr. Smith, our Conenl at Mazat | Our readers are al- | of the Papolonpam was regarded with much | ing | NEW YORK HERALD, WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 19, 1857. taticns (mn another column, New red southern wheat Gi-eed ot $1 60.0 $1 60, and sew white do.at 8! 600 816% and bicago spring at 6: 88. Gales of corn were moderale whe prince sere steady, at Abigc. 0 B60. for weeterp mixed—chivly af the latter Ggure Tork wasm reaciv-ea (ff wr; moss advan et to $75 © 2.525 perb’ ., equal 0 2°. #600. por Pdi, end prime tad anced to $2: 66, with evies, tp all, of sbout'l 200 6 1,400 noble, Bgar: were in good dewant, with sales of abou! 706 a 6 O bhi #. Cubs; 680 boxes Havana and 4,800 bags iam, al] at prices giveo in another place; the chief sales © mained of refinirg gonis, Coffea continued firm, with « ¢ amonrt of sales, Feighta, if anything, exhi> * 9 ule better feeling To Liverpoo!, grain, tn du'k, was engeged a) 2% 4.; beef in tlerces at Od., amd 100 tons ‘ern © private terms, @ur November State Election-The Seward Ulgurchy bef-re the People. In onr approaching State election the budget of the acte of despotism, epoliation and corrup- tion of our last bighhanded Seward Legislature will be subjected to the test of the popular vote of the commonwealth, and the questions are al- ready in lively circulation, what are the pros- pects between the several parties that are pre- psring for the contest? Cau the democratic par- ty be 60 far reorganized and strengtheaed by refoforcements as to justify the expectation of a wholeeome defeat of the Seward oligarchy? The popular Presidential vote of the State last fall, in round numbers, was— For Jobp C. Fremont, For James Bachapan, For Millerd 1° \Imore... a Tuking this vote as the standard ef the strength Tespectively of the republican and democratic parties, it will appear that the republicaus have a plural ty over the democracy, to start upon, of 79,000 votes And yet we believe that this im- porivg plarslity may not ouly be overcome, bat that even now, as matters stand, it has been frit- tered away by toe adominabie proceedings of our last epoils and plunder Sewsrd Legis'atuce It always requires in this State the intense ex- citements of a Pre-idential election to bring out the fuil popular vote. Aud it always happens toat in the first one or two locat elections suc- ceeding the Presidential contest the popular vote is remarkably light. This is especially the case in thoee elections in whicn no direct national is- sues are before the peopice. Our forthcoming election, in this view, is purely local, as neithera United States Senator nor members of Congrees are involved in it. We think it, therefore, high- ly probable that the popular vote of the State this fali will be reduced to something neat tne vote of 1855, or say 150 000 lees than the vote of last November. We also undertake to say that two-thirds of this reduction will fall upon the re- publican party, the overwhelming iaflaeuce of Fremont’s popularity, and the pressure of ‘bieed- ing Kansas" being taken away, on the one hand. while the odium of this last corrupt Seward Le gislature will be introduced as the dead weight on the other. Noxt, with regard to the democratic vote. Out- side of this city aud its suburbs, last fall the de- mocracy made no serious effort, because they bad not the remotest hope to carry the State for Mr. Buchanan. But now they are furnished with the beet weapons for assuming the offensive in these aforesaid abominable legislative acts o: | usurpation and corruption. Through a judicious mauagement of their cards, and by active and united exertions throughout the State, the demo- crais can not ovly muintain the vote cast for Mr. Buchanan, bat increase it by tuousands of accessions both from the republican and the Know Nothing camps. The democrats united have called a Slate Coa- vention to meet at Syracuse ou the 10th of Sep- tember; the Seward republicaus will aeemble ut the same place in convention on the 23d. la the meantime, the remuins of the late Kaow Nothing party are to be the subject of special considera- tion before a State Council appointed to meet in | Brookiyn on the 25th inst.. which is near at hand. This Council will probably ap- | point a State Convention, to come off at Syracuse a few days after the republi- and proclaimed their platform. But as it is evi- dent that the Know Nothing leaders are in the market, there may possibly be an extraordinary ambassador or two ut the democratic Convention, with overtures of some practical import, ia view of the common desideratum of an anti-Seward Legielature. We can hardly suppose, efter their disastrous and fioancially exhausting operations of last | in the mood for assuming the expenses of @ third ticket in the coming election, to be fought apon its own exclusive party merits and strength. The taxce involved in this operation will dissolve the concern. that Mr. Fillmore wa? only run to defeat Fre mount goes a great way to Ict as into the practi cal active eympathice of the Know Nothing patty. Thus, cither with or without the advice the Know Nothings will do the best they can to nister a deadly blow to that arch agitator, yard, and bis corrupt clique of plunder. ing spoileme iseuc ia the canvass will be the retention of this corrupt clique in power or its removal from authority at Albany. We Foow that the Seward oligarchy will en- deavor w cover up ti abominations of last winter in the agitation of the Kansas question; but as nothing can be done for Kansas, one way or the other, until the meeting of Congress, and as the Congress which isto act apon Kansas ix already elected, we cannot divine how an an- meaning and empty agitation of Kaness,in a any practical value by the party conceracd. On the contrary, the paramount question before the | people of thie State in November will be th { question of local and municipal rights against the | acta gf ururpation and corruption of a debauched | & leas party of public plunderers, Let the and all others opposed to thow democrats and that perty, fight the attle upon this gen | iwue, end the result will be a popular revolution | of some value to the State and to the country. We have no notion that the old democrat party can be resuscitated and restored to ity past eupremacy, either in the State or in the country at large. We desire nothing of the sort, for we prefer that which we believe to be inevitable and general reconstruction of But to More to the purpore— the living issues of the day. e believe that the domoc tate, of all factions, and all other party m opposed to the corrupt and demoralizing acts o our leet J tire, elie be, and inay be combined te the repeal of those measure and the : r state of things \ owt y of the people of the s r uiification of the do in nd we ere en y pare admiuistercd Novemt ward and bis oneerupalous lobby ¢ hich wil electrify the * whole Unie cans shall have nominated their State ticket | year, that the American party of New York are | On the other hand, the admission | of their leaders, the prospect is that the bulk of | nd especially as the only practical | purely looal outside election, can be reduced to | ‘The Struggles of the British tn Asia. ‘The more closely the latest accounts from Can ton and Calcutta are studied, the more difficalt avd peritous ¢oes the atti ude of the British ap- par, Unte-e th: futore is greatly belied by the present, Jcha Bul‘ may find that he has thrast his bead into e nest of hornets and canno: draw it out. The British fleet at Hong Kong, under the com- mand of Sir Michael Seymour, celebrated the ar- rival of the new Minister Plenipotentiary, Lord Elgin, by bombarding a Chinese fort and barn- ing aod capturing a flotilia of small war jacks in the Cantoo river. They were eucces-ful in all their operations, They took the fort. They took the boata What they chose they barnt, ano what they cho-e they carried away. But - avd this, after all, is the important part of the etory—tne result of the fight was a decided cbauge of opinion in the minds of the assailants a» to the capacities of the Chinese tor figbting The English were very severely punished, ead the officers allow thut the Chinese versels were de- fended with valor and skill. ‘This 18 the only item of the news from Coina that is worth the least attention. As to the Eag- lish taking an armed fort and capturing a few dozen Canton boate, sucan an affair is not worth a cecond thonght, It can neither hart the Cui- nese nor help their enemy, The governmeat at Pekin will not hear of the loss; the boats will not even be miseed ; the dead men will oaly make room for others. For the peculiarity of Chiva—and that which makes a war with the Chwese so different trom any other war--is the fabulous bumber of the people and the exbaust- lees resources of the country. An army of a million Chinese, cut off to the laet man, wouid not impair the strength of the government or neces- sitate achange of policy: and, as to gunboats why, Chiva could afford to lose as many every morning as the Eagiish have just destroyed in this naval engagement, and never feel it. The “victory,’”’ then, must go for nothing, so far as practical results are concerned. But the newly discovered courage and skill of the Chinese are very significant novelties. For, from the very same reason which impairs the ef- fect of British victories, if the Chinese have courage and ekill, a war with them becomes a very desperate matter indeed. If they could turn out as brave eoldiers as those which have just sated from Engiand ; and were they officered, as they may be, by graduates of the Rassian military schoo!s, China would at once become the foremost belligerent Power in the world. She could send into the field and replace at intervals an army greater than the whole of the Rassian, English, French, Sardinian and Turkish armies who fought at Sebastopol ; and as all war, in toe language of Napoleon, is merely the science of numbers, and the gods are always on the side of the largest battalions, she would of course be without au equal in the world. It is the tendency to that state of things which looks so disquieting for the English. Sober second thought—on the files brought by the last Indian mail—has satistied even the most English of the English journals that the war in India is going to be no child’s play. We are still without reliable informatiou as to the cause of the revolt and its origin, Bat the best autho tities, both from Madras and Bombay, assert that the sepoy armies in these Presidencies only await the signal to follow the example of their comrades in Bengal. To suppose, indeed, that a cause sufficieutly potent to draw away from their allegiance nearly the entire befly of the Bengal army could be without effect on the men in the Southern Presidencies, would be unreasonable ; whether the mutiny grew out of outraged Hiadoo Fuperetitions, or ambitious Moslem pride, or na- tive insubordination under a foreign yoke, the motive cannot have been local, but must have been general throughout all British India. We ure iberefore not disinclined to rely upon the late rumor that the ecpoys of Bombay and Madras ore waiting for the issue of the fight before Delhi 4 to pronounce for or against the Indian govern- {| ment; and we greatly fear tuat the issue of that contlict may be euch as to impel them to follow the mutinous example of their comrades, It is possible, of course, that Gen. Barnard may take Delhi. Tio is said tobe a man of dash; a fiery, headstrong eoldier, who thinks nothing equal to the charve with the cold ateel- Tle may have etormed the ruined walls a day or | two after the lastdeapatch left. and, availing him- eclf of the unwilliagness with which native In- | dions encounter Europeans, may have swept the city with his little handful of men. But we are | bound to eay that the probabilities are not in fa- vor of this event. The disproportion between his | numbers ond those of the ineurgeate; their excel- lent position behind stone works in a rich city; ‘ and, above all, the terrible weather which has veually proved fatal to Earopean troops at this | season in the vicinity of Delhi, and the absolute possibility of reimforcing him, where he is, be- fore the fell; all these reasons lead us to concur in Lord Elicuborough’s apprehension that Gen Barnard is much more likely to fall back upon | the Ganges than to take Delhi. Altogether the prospects of England in Asia are gloomy enough, and might well warrant an active effort on the part of her friends here to | awaken sympathy—moral and pbysical—on her | behalf. The thing can be done, if it be gone about judiciously. Whe Southern Commercial Convention. ‘The usual annual gathering of impractical talk- ers, known as the Southern Commercial Conven- tion, which held their cession last week at Knoxville, Tennesse, have adjourned after a wearying sitting of four days We published on Monday and yes- terday # full report of the proceedings of the three firet days, and we devote today a large portion of | our apace to the publication ot tue complement of the proceedings It is in this Christian manner of returning good for evil that we rebuke the mean } and miserable attempt to exclude “our reporter | from the Convention. Inetead of allowing the sayings and doings of that sapient body to go ua- recorded and unknown to all save those who were circulation to spread the evidences of their wi+ dom and patriotism broadcast throughout the land. A very considerable portion of the time of the Convention was consumed by a debate that sprung up on a resolution introduced by Mr. | Pryan, of South Carolina, declaring it to be the j ovinfon of the Convention that the tenth article ! | | of the treaty of Washington of 10th Noveusber, #42, ought to be apoulled. This is the article whick binds the government of the United States to maintain on the coast of Africaan adequate squadron to suppress the elave trade. The question of re-opening the slave trade was ght directiy under cou not, it will be seen, bro! eration by this resotat but of course that was the main object to whieh itteuded. We no- tice that {wo members of the last Congress spok in opposition to the resol Mr. Saeed, of present, we give them the benefit of our immense | ‘Tennessee, moved as an amendment thas the Convention +bould dectare—in the words of Mr. Orr's resol on at th beginning of last session of Congrers—-that it is nexpedien aud coutrary to the settled privcip es of ‘he country to repeal the laws prohibitory o' tye slave trade. But ai- though there were only ‘o be found eizht members in the last House of Represen'a tives to vote against Mr. Orr's resol tion, its counterpart, us moved by Mr Srred, was rejected by the Commercial Conveu- tion by a vote of 52 agains: 40. and Me Bryan's revolution was adopted by a vote of 66 to 26 ‘This shows in the clea est posible light thy cha recter of tuis Commercial Convention and is leaning toward abs ractious rather than towaid realities Even the Hoa Mer. Boyce, of Seuth Carolina—one o the most ultra Southers members in the House of Represea- tatives—declared before the Convention that the Te-opening of the slave trade oy aasbority of thy general government was impossiole, aod that di+ ubion would be an unavoitable primary cond: tioa of the saccess of their proposition. But al! to no purpose. The Soathern fire-eatere at Knoxvilic would be contynat with uoth og fess than the exounging of toe objectionsole claus+ yn the treaty of 1842, aad eo they resuive 4 to direct the Southern representatives ut Wasaingtoa to bring about that consummation. There was some cnrsory tatk as ¢o the encour- agement ot white immigration into the Southern States, but that was altogeth-r too seusible and feasible a plan of promoting the prosperity of those states to be discussea seriously by tae Con- vention. Nothing bat Afmcao forced imangra- tion weuld satisfy them, ulthougo if tae Nocta ebould interpose no obstacle to the reopeniag of the clave trade, it is very dowtful whether taere would not be a majority of the Suuthern people themeelves opposed to it. It is a question which sdmi's of some argument, whether, if the slave populatios of the South were to morrow increased tofive millions, its marketable value wou'd be great- er than tbat of the three and a half miilioa now in the South. That is @ problem which we leave to be coved by the next Commerciul Conventioa, that is to meet at Montgomery, Alabama, on the second Monday in May next. Berides the debate on the slave trade question, the Convention was occupied with a variety of other matters, some of them being of an equally practical character. It discussed and finally adopted a series of resolutions to the effect that the establishment of steamship lines and railroads was necessary to Southern prosperity, and that public aid was requisite tor their establishment. An amendment to one of there resolutions ad- verse to the policy of the general government in granting subventions to transatlantic steamship lines wae rejected; and in livu of it was adopted a resolution that steamship lines from Southern ports would be entitled to like aid on the part of the government. No objection to that when the linge are established. Then.there was asilly and premature debate ona proposition that direct taxation should be eubsti- tuted for indirect taxation—a proposition which seemed to have no other design than to give the wireacre that moved it an opportuaity of distin- guishing bimself. A resolution endoreiag Waiker aud his filibustering career in Nicaragua was, without any show of tavor, rejected. A proposi- tion recommending the organization of Arizona into a Territory distinct from that of New Mexico, and to negotiate from the Mexican goverument a port on the Pacific, was favorably received. Bu- sivess was chalked out for the next Convention in the way of procuring information on school books, on the mode of selling cotton, on the con- dition of Africa, and the wants of the Sourh in respect to labor, &c.; and resolutions were passed recommending the procuring of an exclusive title to the Tebuautepec route, the repeal of fishery bounties, and the effort to procure a repeal of the foreign duties on tobacco. Finally, aconvention was recommended to meet in Memphis, Tean., in July, 1858, to be composed of delegates from the agricultural, manufacturing, mechanical and commercial classes of the whole country, the ob- ject of this formidable movement being—to save the Union, This i# a resumé of the important businoes trane- acted by the Southern Commercial Convention of 1857. How will it stand the test of a common sense investigation? As well as those that bave preceded it, and probably as well as those that are to come after it. Itis altogether a prepos terous humbug. Whe Tax Burden of the City—Another Re- sult of the Swindling Legislation of last Winter, The burden of taxation in this city ie growing so oppressive that unless some remedy be pro- vided which will keep it within bounds we cannot exist here. A fair increase in the taxes, if it were in a proper ratio with the growth of the city, and if it were the result of bonestly increas ing expenses, no one would complain of But while the load under which the city is staggering, and under which it must ultimately break down, is caused by corrupt legislation and the flagrant jobbing of avaricious speculators, it is not to be endured. Last year the assessment of taxes was fixed at the rate of 1.38, or thirteen dollars and eighty cents on the thousand. Vor this year, 1557, we were informed that it would be 1.50, Imt now it appears that it is still higher, namely, 1.54, or fifteen dollars and forty cente on a thousand. At this rate of in- crease it may be up to twenty dollars on the thousand next year, and go on growing from year to year in this fashion, with nothing but dirty streets and a wretched police eystem to show tor it, The consequeace will be that no one can afford to hold real estate; but the worst feature in the business is that the weight will fall on the poor man. For, a8 taxes on pro- perty advance, rents must rise, while it is noto- rious that they are too high already. To the infamous acts of the last session of our partisan Legislature we owe the present condition of the city in this respect, as well our police disorganization and the other disgrace- ful episodes which have made New York noto rious ae the worst governed and most unfortunate city in the Union. We recently referred to the fact of the diminished value of the personal property of this county in- dicated by the returns of the Tax Commissioners, and subsequent investigation enables us to direc public attention to some of the obvious causes of this remarkable decrease. The republican Sew- ard junta, true to its notorious sympathies with moneyed and railroad cerporations, secured the passage of two acta at the laet seesion of the Le- firlature —one denominated an act in relation to the “Agsesement of Taxes on Incorpgrated Com panier,’ and the other wmending chapter 15, part Ist, of the Revised Statutes, entitled Of the Arressment and Collection of Taxes’ The former repeals the provisions renderin, moneyed corporations taxable on their actual capital, by permitting them to deduct trom such liability all shares of stock which ty may own of other taxable institutions, ‘This law now opera es to release from naneas- ment a large amount of personal estate for- merly taxed, and in the future a con- struction will be put upon it, by the fwencial jugglers that concocted it, eti'l mort onerous aud oppressive. For example, if two institutions, each possessed of a capital of $1,000,000, hold the sock of the other to the extent of $500.000 the total taxable liability be ween them would be reduced to $1,900,000, beiug precively oue-half of the cupital paid in Under the fourth gection of the eame act the ac- cumulations aud capital of life ineuraace com- panies are wholly exempted from taxation. We Cannot see the equity of this exemotion. The policy of the law has been to aasess por- soval property equally in every form in which it Digbt be found) Th- mecbanic aad tradesman are assessed on the sums employed in their re- rpectve occupations, aithoagh the machinery of the one and the stock of the other may be essen- lint to their preseat support and future iade- peodeuce, What valid reasou exists that aocu- wulutions in life insurazce compsuivs shoald not be taxed like otker ordinary iavest- ments, acd made to bear a just proportion of the public burden? To prove the practical operstion of this legisiatioa on the taxable property of the couatry, we submit a table dertved from the office of the Commissioner ot Taxes and Asseesments, and which, though embracing only a few of the numerous reduc- tions, explains the loss ot $2,385,311:— 1866 1891 peor piral. Diff eq, capi iffarence N.Y, Mutual Ins. Co... $345,162 $10v O00 $245,163 N. ¥ Lite fas Oo, Exompt, 1,000,000 Atlantic Mutual, 592,116 139 149 a@utval Lite Ios. Exompt 1 000,000 $692 1G $2,886,511 The act amendivg the Revised Statutes re- stricts taxation on ratlroad incorporations to iand “owned possessed, or appropriated for their use,” and the present estimated valae of the buildings, superstructure, &»., allowing for de- preciation Toe intrinsic value of the grant and the original capital employed are conside- rations utterly disregarded Our city rail- roads, with an aggregate capital of $3,500,000, upon which, in some instances, a dividead has been declared of over 10 per cent, are now taxed only on $792,935. It will be eeen by the state- ment we bave compiled that the local city rail- roads in 1856—then actaally representing less capital—were asseseed on $2,159,375, making a difference, against the present year, of $1,464,440. 1RaiLROADs. ; 1857. Tazable cap’l. Tusa'le cap'l. By oe « $567,000 see 407,000 650 000 189 866 460 144 641,00 192 209 848,191 699,375 250,270 349 106 Tota! $2,187 375 $792,005 $1,464,410 Though we cculd have furnished further proofs of the consequences growing out of this unwise and corrupt legislation, the public can clearly understand from this article how nearly four millions have been shielded from taxation, and appreciate the motives of those who conceived and carried out this scheme. Now this isa question upon which issue shoald be taken at the nex! elections. It is as impor- tant at least os any of those which are to be de- cided at the ballot box. No man should be sup- ported for the Legislature who is not distinctly pledged to repeal these acts, and resist all future attempts to impose such swiodles on the public. Not a foot of property of a railroad or any otber corporation, not a wajer lot, nor any lot whatever, nor the property of insurance com- panies claiming exemption from taxation on flimey pretexts, should be excepted from bearing an equitable portion of the burden. This system is not only grosely unjust to the masses, but it is the source of limitless corruption and wholesale fraud. We repeat, then, that it is the duty of the people to make this a test question with candidates for legislative honors at the fall election. We must have a thorough reform in this eystem of exempting rich corporations from taxation and throwing the whole barden on the shoulders of those who are the least able to bear it, Funmvusters Norm axp Sovru.——The steam- thip Tennessee, which arrived yesterday from Greytown, brought the last instalment of fili- busters, sent home by the Costa Rican govern- ment. A miserable set of fellows they were, too. Falstaff’s ragged charge of foot, with but a shirt and a half to the whole company, were princes in purple and floe linen compared to these two hun- dred regenerators of Central America, who were indebted to private charity for their dinners on yesterday. They went away fine stout fellows, with high hopes and good outfits; they came back weary, heart sick, broken down, with hardly rags enough to cover their nakedness. Some were carried to the hospital, others paraded the etreeta, depending upon chance donations for bread and shelter. Their condition is asad commentary upon the proceediags of Generals Walker and Heaningsen, who are to-day at Savannah, where they are endeavoring to raise money and men for another filibustering expedition in Nicaragua, The confidence of these gontlemen in the gulli- bility of human nature most be very strong. and they have undoubtedly adopted the maxim that there is a new fool born every day. Very likely they are right, but we advise any young man fond of glory to remember the price these ragged filibusters paid for it. Tus Coumon os rus Socnp—Twr Cartary oF tom Sreaman Meracroua.—The United States Metrict Attorney baving notified Captain Brown, of the Steamer Metropolis, tbat he would require bis attendance to give some expla nations reapecting the collision between that vessel and tho propeller J. N. Harris on Saturday morning Inst, Capt: Brown called upon Mr. Joachimeren, tho acting Dirtriot At torney, and stated that bis vessel had the proper look out; that (hore were no lees than thres men in the whool house, ‘none of whom saw any light on the J. N. Harris, exceptthe light on the mizzonmast, which did not appear larger thea a (ifty cent pieco, and no brightor than « star; that the loow out on the Metropolis were at first undeciied whether |) ‘s Nght or @ fod thai be, and the ptio (Lewis) are ready to moet nay investigation. Mr. Joach. imaren intimated to Capt, Brown that If thera was any frronnd to impale negligence to tho pilot the latter might be indicted for mans'aughter on the bigh gens Covons, Frevovr’s Tire tv Cauirorma.—By late ar rivals from Caliersia @e learn that “in tho Distrist Goart o Ma {pena county, the injanction rvit of the Merced Mining Company ve. Colonci Fremont was desided jor the dofead- Aut upon & general demurror to the complaint. Tae in- jonetion had previously been dissolved by tho District Jadge. The lave decision of the Supreme Court (ailirming the order granting (he injencwon) distiuetly decides that the owner of the Foll bas thy right te enjoin minors from taking gol’ or silver from the land. An ejsctmont by Biddle Peger leree of Colonol Fremont, agaiust tho Mer- Ged Mining Company, for the celebrated mount of his Ro: duction Work#, waa alto tried at the late torm of the Dis- trict Oourt, and alth the devendente inter: Rorwer, in the naters of # bti! in eqaity, tasteting anon all thelr pretourione, and urging every conceivable objoction to the Fremont title, after a protracted tial a decroc was rendered in favor of the plaintiff for the porrassion of tbe iand, with all (he works and improvements, and damages for the detention.’ SPAT Finewan’s Pancve.—The grandest firemen’ © over witneesed fp the United Stator will, conn imira, Now York, on tho Sietof Angust. tx ofored for the bost playing, ranging from $1,000 Oce hundred ant My companice are expected foal. THE LATEST NEWS. biattdltsyateattin NO) Rowe frpm Wi DSSPATCHES FROM OUR PRLEGHACH sQUapROn— LETTER KOM ME, DALLAS INTRODUCING Tam) FRRNOD BNOUNBB. Waaminceon, Angust 18. 196% ‘The liavy Department thia morning received official dee petcbes from Vapt. Hudson, of the eteam frigate Niagara, deta Hog the progress of bis eblp from Liverpool to Oerk, togotber wi b other matters tn connection wiih the expea- tion, with which your readers are doubtless well ao Captain Hudson also ouclosed @ correspondence brtwene himself anc Mr, Dallas 1 om permitted to copy Mr Dw las’ leder — Laganion oy tum Omran Brava, Loapon, Jaly 24, 1857 My Dear Sm—Bis Escoliency,! de Purmg bydrographis engipecr navy, may bave the opportunity of being on board the Niagara during the provesa of submerging she taegrapbic ceble [hope there exists in your or ters or tp your e*tsbii:hed rales ntbivg which can reader +h reepio: of Wr Delamarche in your nobe phip ‘a the shghtest degres trregular or in-convenwnt; end I shall be Obuped to you If you will Ivive thas to s0v0m ‘apy you ip the Nisgara, ent give bim every facilny wlan dear ry on reepecdully and troly, youre * mon rev} \y an’ becouse Geo M’ DALiad Captain Hadeon replied that tt woald afford him the grace t plearure to recetve Mr. D lemarche on baard the Niagara during te process of eubmerging the cable. 4 portal convention bas been concindes between be United tater acd Ham ug The mails areto be excharg ed by means: { United States or Aambu g mall steamers, running direct between New York and Hamburg ‘he paw age between the United States and Hamburg under thir arrangement is ten cents the single letter of half oapoe or under, pre paytent ostiopal, and two cents on newsre- pers, pre payment required. The rates to all countries: ‘and jlaces beyond Bambarg, whether upon letter er printed matter, are identically the eame in all ;eapests aa the rates ohargod via Fremon undor the Unite Staves and Bremen postal convention Non-Arrival of the Khersonese, Sr Jou, N F, August li—P M. ‘The screw steamshi» Khersonese is now avout dae. with Liverpool advices of the Stn icst, three days later ‘ban received by the Columbia at New York, bus baz net yet mate her appearance. Sbe sailed on the same dag with the Conard eieamer Arabia for New York, wiven vesse! may anticipate ber arrival Whe Weather aud tne Atiantic Caple. Sr Jomms N F. ‘TaasoRarn Orviog, August 18, 1867 } As tho fate of the enterprise for connecting thi iMand with Ireland will much depend upon the charactor of the weather, we shall report tbe same daily until the telegraph fleet arrive at Trinity Gay. Yeetercay the woeath+r was cool, with but little wind from the northwest. To-day tt 1s pleasant and « gent!e wind from the west. News from Kansas, Br. Lovis, Acgast 18, 1867. ‘The Kansas corresponden: of tae Democrat says that Bearly two hundred indictmen's bad been found ageinst persons residing in the neighborhood of Topeka, aad thas six men had been arrested in Franklin county by dragoons and taken to tbe camp. Rumor says that Gov. Walker i¢ indigeant at Judge’ Cato’s decision thet payment of taxes ts the requiaite qualifi ation for voters. Ex-Governor Rebirson had been notified to appear af Lecompton on the 6th inst. for rial, on the old charge of ‘usurpation of office. News from Southern Africa. Boaron, August 18, 186T. By the arrival of the bark Ver:on at this port from Cape Town we have news to the last of June. From the 6th to the 14th of Jane there were tremendous gales on the coast. Ten large vessels and a larger number of small vessels wero wrecked. The whaling bark North Amerisa, from New London, lost two cables and auchors. Letters from Kaffirland mention the extreme distreas te which the Kaffir tribes have been reduced by the catie killing mania, to which they have lately fallen victims. News from the soath. Wasmyatow, August 18, 1867, There had been ccntinued rains tn all parts of Louisiana beard from. The Texas news is unimportant. The papers abound with contradictory statements in regard to the crops. ‘The road from Goliad to San Antonio was infested with « band of outlaws, and murders and robberies wore almom of dally occurrence, The election of Runnels, democratic candidate for Gever- Bor, was regarded ascertain. Kleven democrats aad Ave Americans bad been elected to the Senate. ‘There bad been partial showers im the interior of the Staje, but the drouth stil continued. Gotton picking had commenced. The Misourt tKiection.s St. Loum, August 17, 1887. ‘The official returns from eighty counties have been re- cetved. The reported yote of the twenty-three other counties reduces Rollins’ majoity to such an extent as to make ibe oficial returas torofrom necessary to determine ‘the reault, The Aebraska Klection, Si. Lovm, August 17, 2887, Hoa, Bird B. Chapman, tho delegate of Nebraska in the last Congrees, has been re cloctsd. Jadicial Nomination. PurLanmuraia, Acguat 18, 1867. Bon. David Pau! Brown, of wis city, waa nominated by the Americana to-day for Judge of sho Court of Gumman Press, A Breach of Promise Case, Bowros, August 18, 1857, Asul\ claiming $25,000 damagra for an alleged broach of promise of mar: tage \s cauzing comsiderabie excitemens tn the fashionable circle of this city. The parties to the wut are Moves logles, of Now York, plainff, and Dr. George Hayward and wife, ¢ofeodants Mr. Inglee met Mrs. Gay ward tp Europe as the youtbfal, bosuti'ul ani weal hg widow of the Inte Amos Sinney, whers he says she pio mired to marry hii The defendants are now ab-aad. Rafus Choate and Pele: W. Chaodier are retained for tae defence. It \s thought the caso wil! be pressed to trial, Shocking Sulckte of an U An unknown girl, about twenty years of age threw bor elf on the track of the Germantown road, in advance of when the train was too soar her tobe stopped. It wae Boerom, " The following are the frotings of our banx stalement fer the past week,” as compared #ith vious — New Ouisans, August 17, 1867, ‘Tho deaths in this city during the lami wook were seventy. four. ——— Fire in Korfoik, Var h mroux, August 18, 1867, The furniture storo of Thomas Soot, tn this pisce, was destroyed by fire about 3 o'olock this morning. Los $5,000. The storo was pninsures Markets. oe re a Et, rene tye Mavis Canal 62; Long ‘Rallrona, 11%; Pennsylvania Raliroed, 4, Onrgass, Angst 17, 1957. Barre! ere 160. Other articles unchanged. Cotton voc! rod. Inst ubree day®, 0 bales: siock dency, with ealde at 0, Red when’, $1 9. Ro . Sah baler , 20,900 bales, Flowr—A declining ry Mixed oora, bate dnil at Oo. Froights uiactive, Sterling ex: change, 6 per cont promum. Aunasy, August 186 PM. Flour very dull, and ne males to Or & market. Wheat quiek Sales of white Cana tian {a amail parcols at § orn lower, and market quiet. Sales of 20,000 bast principally at S60., ailoat; car lote roll at 86 jo. 0c., Meamire, for Slate; sales of 10,000 burhela, New rye sells for homo demand at (0c. ® O20, Shipped ingt evoning—+6,000 bushels corn. Horr ard, August 1e12:00 P.M. Flour urchanged.—“ales 600 bhis. at $7 extra Obio and Kentucky, ana $ of old extra Ladians. Wheat eprestod—new white C red at $1 60 in bail some sacko:! sold at $1.65. Corn flat—gnine 8,009 bux ido. Unts lowcrand mominal at 680,000. Whiskey