The New York Herald Newspaper, August 19, 1857, Page 4

JAMES GORPON BENNETT, eD Tos aND PROPRIETOR ALL, ine come pee coy. Wh per mans 5 RSTE weary Baharday oi wbx cone ps ey ty 9 per amma, i pers oS as Wotinda oe 86 We ay awe ofthe A etinont rhe propane THE FAMILY AERALD, owory Wednesday, a6 1owr omls pa ph rayon, "RULUNTAR) Chdé¢-PUNDRNOB, vonatning snp cas seen, ston) sm any Guaarten uf the seorld, Wy ned will he Hoe Foally youd fo Sgecies FoamIOn CORRESPONDENTS ARE PAE ~3 ~g Reowerrer ro Year a “erree ane Pactsore wt { chige tow mma worveqponiencs =e done 70> TRIOS coamint dh newman, sheapate and de APY ERISA MEA ES sf Peer moore day, adlneritnemente 4m gerted tn the bp lll 7 Pawtty musi, and in the Foiume tx Be, 829 AMUSKMENTS THiS EVENING. BIBLO'% GARVEN Aroadwav- Tiant Kora Faats—Ls Boo: erimse— Prowenans Coxoart —Ponao. BOWERY THEsTKE Sowery—Lapr or Lrows- Dovece Bapps» Room—Ba'ep Bosoimas. BURTON'S THEsTRS. “roadway, oppowe Bond ot faniss Orme - Lt Trov stone LAURA KEENES THEATRE, Broadway—feniocs Faxi- .y—Maip OF MUMETRR. ACADEMY OF MUBIU, Fourteenth #t—Quimp Cnona Orem. sy Une Hompesp asp Twenrr-rive Pesrommans BARRUM’S aMERiUAN MUSEUM, Rrosawar— Buapeu Basy -Dusoivine Vrews, Puats or Musto, raid 413, Broad’ RR@ae * Sy Bavasrs Minwena MEUBANIO? £0.—Down tw avai jew Work, Wednesday, August 19, 1837. Mat's for Europe. HE NEW YORE HERALD—BDITION FOR BUROPR, ‘The Cunard steamsnip Persia, Capt. Judkins, will leave this port to-day for Liverpool. The European mails will close in this city at twelve O'clock, DO» ‘The European edition of the Hxrizp, printed in Frencb nd English, will be pubiisbed ai ten o'clock im the morn- Mg. Ainge copier, iv wrappers, six cents. Babsoriptions and adver'isements for any edition of the New Vous Amaatp wil! be received at the following piace: tm Europe: de 9 Chapel street. Lverroor—R, Stuart, 10 Exchange streot, Casi Goves—Am, & European Express Co., 21 Rue Corneille. ‘The contents of the European edition of the Haka wi Sombine the news received by mai! and telegraph at this @flice during the previous week, and ap to tne hourof publication. Mails for the Pacific. NEW YORK SERALD—CALIFORNIA EDITION. ‘The United States mai! steamship Central America, Capt. ‘Herndon, will leave tuis port to morrow afternoon, at two O’olock for aspinwall. The mails for Uaufornia and other parts of the Pacific ‘Will close at one o'clock. The New Yous Weeery Hematp—California edition— containing the latest intelligence from al! parts of the world ‘will be published at eleven o'clock in the morning, Single copies, 0 wrappers, ready for mailing, s1xpence. Agents wil) picase send tp thetr orders as early es possible The News ‘The ateamship Arabia, which left Liverpool on the Sth inst.,is mow due at this port with three days later news, Itis probable that she will also bring us intelligence from the Atlantic telegraph qu dron. The s'eomsbip Tennessee arrived at this port yes- terday morving from San Juan dei Norte, with two bondred and sixty Ceserters from Genera! Walker's | fillbasier army in Nicaragua. They were ina very Cestitate concition, and subs:riptions were taken up for their re'ief. We give a full and graphic account of their movements in another column. An investigation of a very myst@Hious occurrence is now in progress before the police authorities of | Newark, N. J., an interesting account of which we publish elsewhere. It appears thata physician of Newark recently purchased a yacht, and, together with his family, proceeded down the bay on a cruise. During the voyage cue of the female domestics sick- ened and died, and the doctor had the body con” veyed on shore, near the Ocean House, at Sbrews bury, and buried in the sand. Some time subse” quently he returned and disinterred the corpse for the purpose, as alleged, of giving it proper burial: | It was while the party were digging up the body that their movements excited the suspicion of s gen" tieman who was s‘rolling unobserved 10 the vicinity. He communicated the circumstances to Mr. Bre- voort and Superintendent Tallmedge, of the Police Department, through whose exertions the facts nar- rated in ourreport were brought to light We publish some odéitional news from Mexico this morning. The result of Senor Lafragua’s mis sion to Madrid was anxiously looked for. General Alvarez hae addressed the “nations of Europe and America” on the sutject of the pending difficulties with Spain, and defends his name from calumnies circulated in connection with the slaughter of the Spenisrds at San Vicemte, an act which, he says. wes done entirely indepesdent of the troops wuder his command. A new treaty with the United States ia svoken of as being in course of preparation. The imprizonmest of Mr. Smith, our Convul at Mazat- jap, attrected much attention. Our readersare al- ready familiar with the circumstances of the case. The free repro immigration from Louisiana to the Lenks of the Papolospam was regarded with much disfavor. We have news from the Cape of Good Hope to the last of June From the 5th to the lith there were tremendous gales on the coast. Ten large vessels and a larger number of smal! vessels were wrecked ‘The whaling bark North America, from New Lon don, lost two cables and anchors. Letters from Kefiriand mention the extreme distress to which the Kafir tribes bave been reduced by the cattle killing mania, to which they bave lately fallen victims. A very interesting artizle on the commercial re laticns of the United States with the South Ameri can republics may be found on the second page of to-day's paper. ‘The Bupreme Court of Maine has decided that free colored persons of African descent are author ized, upon complying with the same laws that qualify white men, under the provisions ef the con- atitution of the State, to be electors for Governor, Senators and Representatives. The decision of the Court was rendered in compliance with a joint reso Jation of the Legisistorc, passwd last winter. The Gecision is in direct conflict with the opinion of the United States Court in the Dred Scott case. ‘The investigation into the circumstances attend. ing the death of Alexander Doyd, shot by burglara rome time since, war continued yesterday. The testimony given by a man named McGione, as also that of bis wife and one Farrell, was 80 contradic tory that the Coroner concladed to commit them to await farther developements in regard to the case. The Board of Ten Governors met yesterday, but transacted no business of general interest. There were 6,410 persons ia the public institutions on the 15th inst. —ap increase of 65 as compared with the retarns of the week previous. The esteem frigate Mississippi, bound for China, left the Navy Yard yesterday morning, and an chored off the Battery. After taking in ber powder phe will proceed on her voyage. ‘The Excise Commissioners received a number of f&pplcations for license yesterday, and gave notice that they would meet daily after the rat/Toesday in Reptember until the session of fifty days was ended 40 Giat all applications are required to he sent in The alee of co'ten yesterday were confined to about 400 8 800 bales, based wpon middling uplands at 1610. and middling New Orieane at ite a16y¢ Flour wae to fair Gemand from the domestic irede and wae withont change of moment , common and extra grades of wertern, Cana Glam end southern wore sume easier, and closed at quo NEW YORK HERALD, WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 19, 1867. (aticns in nether column. New red southern whee Greed at 9160.0 81 60, and sow white do. at8l 600 8165 and bicago spring at $: 88. Galts of corn were moderaie whe pricn: were steady, at AbiGC. @ B60. for weeterp mixet—chivily af ihe later figure Pork was moreacivea df mor, mons advan to $25 82.525 perbd’., equal 0 2'¢. 600. por hb!., and prime fed anerd to $2: 66, with evies, i all, of about’! ,200 «1,400 bl, Bogary wore in good dewant, with sales of abou! 106 a 8 O bh: s. Cubs; 680 bores Havana and 4,800 bags Sam, a) ot prices giveo in another place; the crief sales goods, Coffee continued frm, with « aged at 36d; beef in terces at Od., amd 100 tons ‘erne 0. private term: @ur November State Blection—The Seward uligmichy bef-re the People. In onr approacting State election the budget of the acte of despotism, epoliation and corrup- tion of our last bighhanded Seward Legislature will be eubjected to the test of the popular vote of the commonwealth, and the questions are al- ready i lively circulation, what are the pros pects between the several parties that are pre- psring for the contest? Cau the democratic par- ty be 0 far reorganized and strengthened by reioforcements as to justify the expectation of a wholeeome defeat of the Seward oligarchy? The popular Presidential vote of the State last fall, in round numbers, was— For Jobp C. Fremont. For Jemes Bnchapan. For Miilerd more. + 1M ‘Tuking this vote as the standard of the strength Teepectively of the republican and democratic parties, it will appear that the repablicaus have a plural ty over the democracy, to start upon, of 79,000 votes And yet we believe that this im- posing plurality may not ouly be overcome, bat that even now, as matters stand, it has been frit- tered away by tae abominabie proceedings of our last epoils and plunder Sewsrd Legis!atuce. It always requires in this State the intense ex- citements of a Pre-idential election to bring out the fuil popular vote. Aud it always happens toat in the first one or two locat elections suc- ceeding the Presidential contest the popular vote is remarkably light. This is especially the case in those elections in whicn no direct national is- sues are before the peopie. Our forthcoming election, in this view, is purely local, as neither a United States Senator nor members of Congrees are involved in it. We think it, therefore, high- ly probable that the popular vote of the State this fall will be reduced to something near the vote of 1855, or say 150 000 less than the vote of last November. We also undertake to say that two-thirds of this reduction will fall upon the re- publican party, the overwhelming inflaence of Fremont’s popularity, and the preesure of “‘bieed- ing Kansas” being taken away, on the one hand, while the odium of this last corrupt Seward Le- gislature will be introduced as the dead weight on the other. Next, with regard to the democratic vote. Out- side of this city and its suburbs, last fall the de- mocracy made no serious effort, because they had not the remotest hope to carry the State for | Mr. Buchanan. But now they are furnished with | the beet weapons for aseuming the offensive in | these aforesaid abominable legislative acts o: usurpation and corruption. Through a judicious | management of their cards, and by active and | united exertions throughout the State, the demo- crats can not ovly muiutain the vote cast for | Mr. Buchanan, bat increase it by thousands of | accessions both from the republican and the | Know Nothing camps. | The democrats united have called a State Coa- vention to meet at Syracuse ou the 10th of Sep- tember; the Seward republicaus will assemble at the eame place in convention on the 23d. Ia the meantime, the remuins of the late Kaow Nothing party are to be the subject of special considera- tion before a State Council appointed to meet in | Brookiyn on the 25th inst. which is near at | band. This Council will probably ap- | point a State Convention, to come off at Syracuse a few days after the republi- cans shall have nominated their State ticket and proclaimed their platform. But as it is evi- dent that the Kaow Nothing leaders ate in the | market, there may possibly be an extruordiuary ambaseador or two at the democratic Convention, with overtares of some practical import, ia view of the common desideraium of an anti-Seward Legislature. We can hardly suppose, after their disastrous and floancially exhausting operations of last year, thet the American party of New York are | in the mood for assuming the expenses of @ third ticket in the coming election, to be fought upon it# own exclusive party merits and strength. The taxes involved in this operation will disolve the concern. On the other hand, the admission that Mr. Fillmore waz only run to defeat Fre mont goes a great way to let as into the practi cal active sympathice of the Know Nothing party. Thus, either with or without the advice | of their leaders, the prospect is that the bulk of the Know Nothings will do the best they can to administer a deadly blow to that arch agitator, W. IL Seward, and bis corrupt clique of plunder- ing spoilemen, and expecially as the only practical iseue in the canvass will be the retention of this corrupt clique in power or its removal from authority at Albany. We koow that the Seward oligarchy will en- deavor tw cover up their abominations of last winter in the agitation of the Kansas question; but as nothing can be done for Kansas, one way or the other, until the meeting of Congress, and as the Congress which isto act apon Kansas is already elected, we cannot divine bow an an- meaning and empty agitation of Kaness,in a purely local outside election, can be reduced to any practical value by the party conceraed. On the contrary, the paramount question before the | people of thie State in November will be th { question of local and municipal rights against the | acts gf ururpation and corruption of a debauched kless party of public plunderers, Let the democrats, aod all others opposed to those acts and that perty, fight the attle upon this general issue, end the result will be a popular revolution of some value to the State and to the country. We bave no notion that the old democratic party can be resuscitated and restored to its past supremacy, either in the State or in the country at large. We desire nothing of the sort, for we prefer that which we believe to be inevitable and more to the purpore—a general reconstruction of upon the living issues of the day. Butto at end we believe that the democracy of this State, of all fuctions, and all other party mon opposed to the corrupt and demoralizing acts o | our Inet Legielature, | be, and may be combined tos. ‘ of (hore measures and the tation ttor «t of things. We believe ¢ ' ty of the people of the St te 0 the ratification of the do- ing the la ter at Albany, and we ere en tirely prepared to see a lesson administered in November to W. HW Seward and hie anecrupulous } lobby which will astoniab aud electrify the * whole Union. ‘The Struggics of the British tn Asia. ‘The more closely the latest accounts from Can ton and Calcutta are studied, the more difficalt end peritous toes the atti ude of the British ap- pear, Unie-e th» fatore is greatly belied by the present, Joho Bul‘ may find that he has thrast his bead into e nest of hornets and canno: draw it out. The Britleh fleet at Hong Kong, under the com- mand of Sir Michael Seymour, celebrated the ar- rival of the new Minister Plenipotentiary, Lord Eigin, by bombarding a Chinese fort and barn- ing and capturing a flotilia of small war jaoke in the Cantoa river, They were eucces:fal in all their operations, They took the fort. They took the boata What they chose they barnt, and what they cho-e they carried away. But— avd this, after all, is the important part of the story—toe result of the fight was a decided cbavge of opinion in the minds of the assailants a» to the capacities of the Chinese tor fighting The English were very severely punished, ead the officere allow that the Chinese versele were de- fended with valor and skill. This 18 the only item of the news from Cvina that is worth the least attention. As to the Eag- lish taking an armed fort and capturing a few dozen Canton boats, such an affair is not worth @ cecond thonght, It can neither hart the Cui- nese nor help their enemy. Tne governmeat at Pekin will not hear of the loss; the bouts will pot even be miseed ; the dead men will oaly make room for others. For the peculiarity of China—and that which makes a war with the Chinese 80 different trom any other war--is the fabulous number of the people and the exhaust- lees resources of the country. An army of a million Chinese, cut off to the laet man, would not impair the strength of the government or neces- sitate a change of policy: and, as to gunboats wby, Chiva could afford to lose as many every morning as the English have just destroyed in this naval engagement, and never feel it. Tne “victory,” then, most go for nothing, so fur as practical reeulte are concerned. But the newly discovered courage and skill of the Chinese are very significant novelties, For, from the very same reason which impairs the ef- fect of British victories, if the Chinese have courage and ekill, a war with them becomes a very desperate matter indeed. If they could turn out as brave eoldiers as those which have just sailed from Engiand ; and were they officered, as they may be, by graduates of the Rassian military schoo!s, China would at once become the foremost belligerent Power in the world. She could send into the field and replace at intervals an army greater than the whole of the Russian, English, French, Sardinian and Turkish armies who fought at Sebastopol ; and as all war, in toe language of Napoleon, is merely the science of numbers, and the gods are always on the side of the largest battalions, she would of course be without an equal in the world. It is the tendency to that state of things which looks so disquieting for the English. Sober second thought—on the files brought by the last Indian mail—has satisfied even the most English of the English journals that the war in India is going to be no child’s play. We are still without reliable informatioa as to the cause of the revolt and its origin. Bat the best autho. tities, both from Madras and Bombay, assert that the sepoy armies in these Presidencies only await the signal to follow the example of their comrades in Bengal. To suppose, indeed, that a cause sufficiently potent to draw away from their allegiance neurly the entire befly of the Bengal army could be without effect on the men in the Southern Presidencies, would be unreasonable ; whether the mutiny grew out of outraged Hiadoo tuperstitions, or ambitious Moslem pride, or na- tive insubordination under a foreign yoke, the motive cannot have been local, but must have been general throughout all British India. We are wherefore not disinclined to rely upon the late rumor that the sepoys of Bombay and Madras ore waiting for the issue of the fight before Delhi 4 to pronounce for or against the Indian govern- ment; and we greatly fear tuat the issue of that conflict may be euch as to impel them to follow the mutinous example of their comrades. It is possible, of course, that Gen. Barnard may take Delhi. He is said to be a man of dash; a fiery, headstrong soldier, who thinks nothing equal to the charge with the cold steel Tle may have stormed the ruined walls a day or two after the lastdespatch left, and, availing him- | elf of the unwillingness with which native In- | dians encounter Europeans, may have swept the | city with his little handful of men. But we are | bound to eay that the probabilities are not in fa- vor of this event. The disproportion between his numbers and those of the ineurgeuts; their exoel- lent position behind stone works in a rich city; and, above all, the terrible weather which has usually proved fatal to Earopean troops at this season in the vicinity of Delhi, and the absolute imposdbility of reiuforcing him, where he is, be- fore the full; all these reasons lead us to concur in Lord Elicuborough’s apprehension that Gen, Barnard is much more likely to fall back upon the Ganges than to take Delhi. Altogether the prospects of England in Asia are gloomy enough, and might well warrant an active effort on the part of her friends here to awaken sympathy—moral and pbysical—on her behalf. The thing can be done, if it be gone about judiciously. fhe Southern Commercial Convention. ‘The usual annual gathering of impractical talk- ers, known as the Southern Commercial Conven- tion, which held their eession last week at Knoxville, Tennesse, have adjourned after a wearying sitting of four days We published on Monday and yes- terday # full report of the procecdings of the three firet days, and we devote to-day a large portion of our space to the publication ot tue complement of the proceedings. It is in this Christian manner of returning good for evil that we rebuke the mean and miserable attempt to exclude “our reporter | from the Convention. Instead of allowing the | sayings and doings of that sapient body to go ua- recorded and unknown to all save those who were present, we give them the benefit of our immense circulation to spread the evidences of their wis- dom and patriotism broadcast throughout the land. A very considerable portion of the time of the Convention was consumed by a debate that sprung up on a resolution introduced by Mr. | Bryan, of South Carolina, declaring it to be the opinion of the Convention that the tenth article of the treaty of Washington of 10th Noveusber, | 1442, ought to be annulled. This is the article | which binds the government of the United States to maintain on the coast of Africa an adequate squadron to sapprers the slave trade, The question of re-opening the slave trade was not, it will be seen, brought directly under cou- sideration by this resolation; but of course that was the main object to which ittended. We no- tice that two members of the last Congress spok in opposition to the resolution. Mr. Sneed, of ‘Tennessee, moved as an amendmeat that the | liability all shares ot stock whicd tury may own Convention +bould dectare—in the words of Mr. Orr's resolu on at th: begioning of last aeasion of Congrers—ihat it is nexpediva: aud coutrary to the settled priocip es of ‘he country to repeal the laws prohibitory o' tye slave trade. But al- though there were only 'o be found eight members in the last House of Representa tives to vote against Mr. Orr’s resolu tion, its counterpart, us moved by Mr Sve ed, was rejected by the Commercial Conveu- tion by a vote of 52 against 40. and Me Bryan's revolution was adopted by a vote of 66 to 26 ‘This sbows in the clearest possible light the cha recter of tuis Commercial Coavention and is leaning toward abs ractious rather than toward realities. Even the Hoa Mr. Boyve, ot Seuth Carolina—one o the most ultra Southero members in the Houses of Represea- tatives—declared before the Convention that the re-opening of the slave trade by aashority of thy general government was impossiole, aud that di+ upion would be an unavoitable primary cond: tion of the eaccess of their proposition. But al! to no purpose. The Southern fire-eatere at Knoxvilie would be content with uothing fess than the exounging of toe objectionaole claus+ in the treaty of 1842, aad #o they resuivea to direct the Southern representatives at Wasnington to bring about that consummation. There was sotme cursory tatk as to the encour- agement of white immigration into the Southeru Statea, but that was altogether too seusible and feasible a plan of promoting the prosperity of those states to be discussed seriously by tae Con- vention. Nothing bat African forced immigra- tion weuld satisfy them, although if tae Nocta ebould interpose no obstacle to the re-openiag of the clave trade, it is very doubtful whethor taere would not be a majority of the Southern people themeelves opposed to it, It is a question which sdmi's of some argument, whether, if the slave populatios of the South were to morrow increased to five millions,itsmarketable value wou'd be great- or than tbat of the three and a half miilioa now in the South. That is a problem whioh we leave to be so'ved by the next Commercial Convention, that is to meet at Montgomery, Alabama, on the eccond Monday in May next. Berides the debate on the slave trade question, the Convention was occupied with a variety of other matters, some of them being of an equally practical character. It discussed and finally adopted a series of resolutions to the effect that the establishment of steamship lines and railroads was necessary to Southern prosperity, and that public aid was requisite tor their establishment. An amendment to one of there resolutions ad- verre to the policy of the general government ia granting subventions to transatlantic steamship lines was rejected; and in lieu of it was adopted a resolution that steamship lines from Southern ports would be entitled to like aid on the part of the government. No objection to that when the linee are established. Then.there was asilly and premature debate ona proposition that direct taxation should be substi- tuted for indirect taxation—a proposition which seemed to have no other design than to give the wireacre that moved it an opportunity of distin- guithing himself. A resolation endorsiag Waiker and his filibustering career in Nicaragua was, without any show of favor, rejected. A proposi- tion recommending the organization of Arizona into a Territory distinct from that of New Mexico, and to negotiate from the Mexican government a port on the Pacific, was favorably received. Bu- siness was chalked out for the next Convention in the way of procuring information on szhool books, on the mode of selling cotton, on the con- dition of Africa, and the wants of the South in reepect to labor, &c.; and resolutions were passed recommending the procuring of an exclusive title to the Tehuantepec route, the repeal of fishery bounties, and the effort to procure a repeal of the foreign duties on tobacco. Finally, aconvention was recommended to meet in Memphis, Tenn., in July, 1858, to be composed of delegates from the agricultural, manufacturing, mechanical and commercial classes of the whole country, the ob- ject of this formidable movement being—to save the Union. This is a reswmé of the important business trane- acted by the Southern Commercial Convention of 1857, How will it stand the test of a common sense investigation? As well as those that have preceded it, and probably as well as those that are to come after it. Itis altogether a prepos terous humbug. Whe Tax Burden of the City—Another Re- sult of the Swindling Legislation of last Winter, The burden of taxation in this city is growing 80 oppressive that unless some remedy be pro- vided which will keep it within bounds we cannot exist here. A fair increase in the taxes, if it were in @ proper ratio with the growth of the city, and if it were the result of bonestly increas ing expenses, no one would complain of But while the load under which the city is stagveriag, and under which it must ultimately break down, is caused by corrupt legislation and the flagrant jobbing of avaricious speculators, it is not to be endured. Last year the assessment of taxes was fixed at the rate of 1.58, or thirteen dollars and eighty cents on the thousand. For this year, 1857, we were informed that it would be 1.50, but now it appears that it is still higher, namely, 1.54, or fifteen dollars and forty cents on a thousand. At this rate of in- crease it may be up to twenty dollars on the thousand next year, and go on growing from year to year in this fashion, with nothing but dirty streets and a wretched police system to show for it, The consequeace will be that no one can afford to hold real estate; but the worst feature in the business is that the weight will fall on the poor man. For, a4 taxes on pro- perty advance, rents must rise, while It is noto- rious that they are too high already. To the infamous acte of the last session of our partisan Legislature we owe the present condition of the city in this reapect, as well as in relation to our police disorganization and the other disgrace- {| ful episodes which have made New York noto | rious as the worst governed and most unfortunate city in the Union. We recently referred to the fact of the diminishe@ value of the personal property of this county in- dicated by the retarns of the Tax Commissioners, and subsequent investigation enables us to direc public attention to some of the obvious causes of this remarkable decrease. The republican Sew- ard junta, true to its notorious sympathies with moneyed and railroad cerporations, secured the passage of two acta at the laet session of the Le- firlature—one denominated an act in relation to the “Assesement of Taxes on Incorporated Com panier,” and the other amending chapter 15, part Ist, of the Revised Statutes, entitled “Of the Arressment and Collection of Taxes.’ The former repeals the provisions rendering moneyed corporations taxable on their actual capital, by permitting them to deduct trom such | (Lewis) are ready to moet aay favestigation. of other taxuble institutions. ‘This law now opera es to release from asseas- mevt a large amount of personal estate for- merly taxed, and im the future a con- struction will be put upou it, by the fwencia! jugglers that concocted it, still more onerous and oppressive. For example, if two institutions, each possessed of a capital of $1,000,000, hold the stock of the other to the extent of $500,000, the total taxable liability be:ween them would be reduced to $1,900,000, being precively oue-balt of the cupital paid in Under the fourth eection of the same act the ac- cumulations aud capital of life ineuraace com- panies are wholly exempted from taxation. We Cabnot eee the equity of this exemotion. The policy of the law has been to amess per- soval property equally in every form in which it migbt be found. The mechanic aad tradesman ure assessed on the sums employed in their re- epectuve occupations, aithough the machinery of the one and the stock of the other may be essen- tial to their present support and future inde- peodence. What valid reasou exists that aocu- wulutions in life insuravce compauivs should not be taxed like otker ordinary invest- ments, and made to bear a just proportion of the public buardent To prove the practical operation of this legisiatioa on the taxable property of the couatry, we submit a table derfved from the office of the Commissioner o} Taxes and Asseesments, and which, though embracing only a few of the numerous reduc- tions, explains the loss ot $2,385,311:— 1864 189 ca; capizal N.Y, Matval Ins. Co... $349,162 — $10v 000 peter N. ¥ Life {as Oo, 000,000 Exempt 1,000,000 Atlantic Mutual... 1,264 = 502,115 130'149 @utual Lite Ins. Co. 000 Ex 1 000,000 ‘Total $6 $2,386,311 The act amending the Revised Statutes re- stricts taxation on raflroad incorporations to jand “owned possessed, or appropriated for their use,” and the present estimated valae of the buildings, superstructure, &., allowing for de- preciation The intrinsic value of the grant and the original capital employed are conside- rations utterly disregarded Our city rail- roads, with an aggregate capital of $3,500,000, upon which, in some instances, a dividead has been declared of over 10 per cent, are now taxed only on $792,935. It will be seen by the state- ment we bave compiled that the local city rail- roads in 1856—then actaally representing less capital—were asseseed on $2,157,375, making a difference, against the present year, of $1,464,440, RAILROADS. 1866 1867. Taxable cap'l. Tuna'le cap'l. feremce . Secrnd avenue... $567,000 $16» © 407,000 Tr 650,000 189 866 460'144 841,500 192 ROD ‘848,191 699,375 250,270 349 106 $2,167 375 $702,005 $1,464,440 Though we cculd have furnished further proofs of the consequences growing out of this unwise and corrupt legislation, the pablic can clearly understand from this article how nearly four millions have been shielded from taxation, and appreciate the motives of those who conceived and carried out this scheme. Now this isa question upon which issue should be taken at the nex! elections. It is as impor- tant at least es any of those which are to be de cided at the ballot box. No man should be sup- ported for the Legislature who is not distinctly pledged to repeal these acts, and resist all future attempts to impose such swindles on the public. Not a foot of property of a railroad or any otber corporation, not a wager lot, nor any lot whatever, nor the property of insurance com- pavies claiming exemption from taxation on flimsy pretexts, should be excepted from bearing an equitable portion of the barden. This system is not only grossly unjust to the masses, but it is the source of limitless corruption and wholesale fraud. We repeat, then, that it is the duty of the people to make this a test question with candidates for legislative honors at the fall election. We must have a thorough reform in this eystem of exempting rich corporations from taxation and throwing the whole barden on the shoulders of those who are the least able to bear it. Fuumcsters Nortu anp Sovri.—The steam- thip Tennessee, which arrived yesterday from Greytown, brought the last instalment of fili- busters, sent home by the Costa Rican govern- ment. <A miserable set of fellows they were, too. Falstaff’s ragged charge of foot, with but a shirt and a half to the whole company, were princes in purple and fioe linen compared to these two hun- dred regenerators of Central America, who were indebted to private charity for their dinners on yesterday. They went away fine stout fellows, with high hopes and good outfits; they came back weary, heart sick, broken down, with hardly rags enough to cover their nakedness. Some were carried to the hospital, others paraded the streete, depending upon chance donations for bread and shelter. Their condition is asad commentary upon the proceediags of Generals Walker and Heaningsen, who are to-day at Savannah, where they are endeavoring to raise money and men for another filibustering expedition in Nicaragua, The confidence of these gentlemen in the gulli- bility of human nature most be very strong, and they have undoubtedly adopted the maxim that there is a new fool born every day. Very likely they are right, but we advise any young man fond of glory to remember the price these ragged filibusters paid for it. Tas Cottuson on rus Sounp—Tur Cartan oF THe ‘Sreaman Mergoro.a.—The United States District Altorney having notified Captain Brown, of the Steamer Metropolis, tbat he would require bis attendance to give some expla nations respecing the collision between that vessel and tho propelier J. N. Harrie on Saturday morning Inst, Capt: Brown called upon Mr. Joachimeren, the acting District At- torney, and stated that his vessel had the proper look out; ‘that (hore were no lees than thres men in the wheel house, none of whom saw any light on the J. N. Harris, except the light om the mizzonmast, which did not appear larger than ‘8 Gfty cent pieco, and no brighter than a star; that the loo out om the Metropolis were at first undeciied whether |; was @ ship's light or @ star; aod that imaren intimated to Capt. Brows that If thers wee any frond to impule negligence to the pilot the Inter might be indicted for mans aughter on the bigh seas. Coronet, Frevowr's Tira tv Cauironms—By tate ar ee ee eteiee tan ane buaeria Cano 2 {pana count; injonction wuit of tho Merced Company ve. Co jenat the owner of the roll bas tho rigi taking or silver from the land. Ao Biddle Pager loroe of Colonol Fremont, agaist ced Mining Company, for the celebrated mount of duction Work#, was alto tried at the late term of the trict Court, and 1b the devendenta interposed Aoswer, in the aatere of # bill in equity, tnsieting aoon all thelr pretousions, and urging every concstvable objotion to the Fremont title, after a protracted ial a decroo Was rundered ia favor of the platouift for the gy LA with all (he works and improvements, and tor the detention.’ . Onmat Finaway’s Paw deat firemen’s pe © over witnessed In the U Staton with come off at mira, New York, on the 81 August. Six prices are ofered for the best playing, ranging from $1,000 ¢) $159. Oce hundred ant ify compsnice are expected fo be pre- foat, LETTER FRRNOD BRUANEBS. Wammnceon, Anguat 18. 1904 The Navy Department this morning recetved official des | pewbes from Vapt. Hudeos, of the steam frigate Magara, deta Hog (be progress of bis eblp from Liverpool to Cera, togotber wi b other mauors in connection with the expea. tom, with which your readers are doubtless weil ao qvalnted Captain Hudson also ouclosed « correspondence brtwene himself and Mr. Dallas 1 am permitted to copy Mr Dw | las’ leder — \, es eet Loapon, Jaly 24, 1857 My Desk Sm--Bis Excelency, Uount de ay. the French Ambamader at acdrersed to me & pote Delamarche, the Mager a ‘provess of submerging she telegray ceble I hope there exists in your orters or ‘Dp your ertsbl: bed rales otbing which oan render + rcepioy of Mr Delamarobe in your nob ship in the shgbtest degree irregular or in-onvenwnt; aud I shah be ‘ Ni end giv every facilay Tae ae . iain Y GEO Wt DALLAa Captain Hadeon replied that tt woald afford him the grease t pleasure to recetve Mr. D lemarche om baard the Niagara during tne process of submerging the cable. ‘& ports! convention bas been concindes between tbe United States acd Ham>urg The mails areto be excharg ed by means: ( United States or Hambu g mail steamers, Fanning direct between New York and Hamburg the pas age between we United States and Hamburg under tur arrangement is ten cents the single letter of half ounce or under, pre paywent optional, and two cents on newspe- pers, pre payment required. The rates to all countries: apd places beyond Bamwbarg, whether upon letters er printed matter, are identically the came ip all seapects aa the rates obarged via Fremon undor the Unites Biases ané Bremen postal convention 8 od i Non-Arrival of she Khersonese, 8r Joux,N F, August 1i—P M. The screw steamshi» Khersonese is now avout duc. with Liverpool advices of the Sth inst, three days ister than received by the Colambia at New York, but baz net yet mate her appearence. Sbe sailed on the same dag ith the Cunard siamer Arabia for New York, wien vessel may anticipate her arrival. Whe Weather and tne Atiantic Canle. Sr Joums NF. ‘TarzoRraru Orrios, August 18, tabr } As the fate of the enterprise for connecting thir Mand with Ireland will much depend upom the character of the weather, we shall resort the same daily until the telegraph fleet arrive at Trinity Gay. Yeetercay the weather was cool, with but litte wind from the northwest. To-day ti is pleasant and « gent’c wind from the west. News from Kansas, Br. Louw, Acgust 18, 1867. ‘The Kansas corresponden| of tae Democrat says that nearly two bundred indictmen's bad been found ageinst persons residing in the neighborhood of Topeka, aad thas ix men had been arrested in Franklin county by dragoens and taken to the camp. Rumor says that Gov. Walker is indigeant at Judge’ Cato’s decision thet payment of taxes ts the requisite qualifi ation for voters. Ex-Governor Rebirson had been notified to appear af Lecompton on the 8th inst. for trial, on the old obarge of ‘usurpation of office. Sows from Southern Africa. Bosron, August 18, 1867. By the arrival of the bark Ver:on at this port from Cape Town we have news to the last of June. From the 6th to the 14th of Jane there were tremendous gales on the coast. Ten large vessels and a larger number of small vessels were wrecked. The whaling bark North Amerisa, frem New London, lost two cables and anchors. Letters from Kaffirland mention the extreme distress te ‘which the Kaffir tribes have been reduced by the catte killing mania, to which they have lately fallen victims. News from the soath. Wasmvatos, August 18, 1867, There had been centinued rains tn all parts of Louisiana beard from. The Texas news is unimportant. The papers abound with comtradictory statements in regard to the crops. ‘The road from Goliad to San Antonio was infested with « ‘band of outlaws, and murders and robberies were almout of dally occurrence, The election of Runpels, democratic candidate for Gever- Ror, was regarded as certain, Kleven democrats and five Americans bad beea elected to (he Senate. ‘There bad been partial showers in the interior of the Staje, but the drouth still continued. Gotton picking had commenced. The Mimourt Kiection. Sr. Loum, August 17, 1857. ‘The official returns from eighty counties have been re- cetved. The reported vote of the twenty-three other counties reduces Rollins’ majoity to such an extemt as to make the official returas therefrom necessary to determine the result. The Aebrasha Hlection. Si, Loom, August 17, 2857, ‘Hoa. Bird B. Chapman, tho delegate of Nebraska in the last Oongress, has been re clovtd. Jadicial Nomination, PurLapmuraia, Aaguet 18, 1867. Bon, David Paul Brown, of this city, was nominated by the Americans to-day for Judge of she Court of Gummen Pleas. A Breach of Promise Case, Bowrow, August 18, 1857, Amu!t claiming $25,000 damagra for an alleged broach af promise of mar: iage \s causing considerabie excitemem in the fashionable circlee of this city. The parties to the wit are Moves Iogles, of Now ;York, plaintiff, and Dr. Gesrge Hayward and wife, ¢cfeodants. Mr. Inglee met Mrs. Say ward in Europe as the youtbfal, beautiful and weal hy widow of the late Amos Sinney, whero he says ahe po mised to marry him. The defendants are now ab~wad Rafus Choate and Pele; W. Chaodier are retained for tae defence. It \s thought the case wil! be pressed to trial. Shocking Suicide of an Unknown Girt. Pariaeurina, Avgast 18, 1867. An unknown girl, about twenty years of age threw ber. self on the track of the Germantown road, in advance of ‘The following are the or ees Lewy our vious— . ‘Whe Mealth of New Orleans New Oniaass, August 17, 1967. ‘Tho ceaths (on this city during the lasi week were seventy. z Fire in Rorfoik, Va« Nomrour, August 18, 1867, 5 Ana BOARD, Hid STOCK eve nap. remy en ba at 7 Ny i ing road, 84%; Morrie Canal, 62; 00g allroad, 11%; Pennayivania 1s 1E 58. ag of 300 bales bh Ifice vr, to. bale 0. & 160, for pidieg Teer bas declined 250, Rod wheat $1 97, Barrel lard 160. Other articles unchanged. Naw Oxteaws, Augnat 18, 1867, ‘Sales to day, 300 baios; eales for the last three dayr, 300 balon: reoeipta for tho last three ook, 20,900 ivalea, A declin'ng toa! dency, . ized 860. Data dnil at laactivo. Sterting ox change, 6% per cent premium. Ainany, Auguat 186 P. 4. Flour very dull, and no gales to Or & market. quiet. Sales of white Cana finn {a small parcels af $1 75. Gorn lower, and market quiet. Salos of 90,000 bushels, princtpally Mt Sb0., allont; oar lots sold at 86jgo. Cate for State; sales of 10,000 bushels, New rye ells for homo demand at 0c. a O20, Shipped inst evoning—5,000 bushela corn. Hor aw, Anguat 18—13:00 P.M Flour unchanged.—Ssles 600 bbls, at $7a87 12% for pew extra Obio and Kontucky, and $7 26 for old extra ladiane. W beat deprestod—now white Oh!o offered at $1 60 in bull: some sacke:l sold at $1 65, ie. Corn flat—ea!ne 8,00) br Unts lower and mominal at 680, 0000, Whiskey