The New York Herald Newspaper, November 16, 1856, Page 6

by the Patent Oflice, ‘The following extracts from the report of the Commissioner of Patents for the year 1965, on the Beeds and cuttings recently obtained by his office, will be zead with interest by agrioulturists:— ’ CEREALS. ‘The Turkish flint wheat, from near Mount Olym- pus in Asia, a hardy fall variety, with a dark ovlored chaff, a very héavy beard, and a long, flinty, Hight colored berry, will ve highly profitable to the coottaase of Pe saree Recast the flour be well adapte J tu the soil climate of the Middle States, ud hus even improved in the sally of its grain, both in regard to its cvlor sod sige, it with- stood the severity of the past winter, without much ary from the cold; and from its very long and KK beard, it doubtless will be protected in a mea~ sure’ from the depresations of insects in the field, us as from the heating or moxlding in the stack, ‘The Werdness of the graip, too, when dry, is a suffi- cient antee again-t ordinary moisture in trans i" ‘and the perforation of the weevil in the From several reliable experiments made with this wheat iu Virginia, with ordinarily good cultivation, the yield was thirty busvels to an acre. Estimating the present anznal crops of wheat wo in the Midale and Souther® portions of the United States to be 100,000,000 bushels—averaging, say twenty bushels to the acre tre increased production in those section:,if the Turki-b fliac wheat gloue were cnluvaied, and the ratio o’ yield as above, would be 50,000,000 bushels, which would often add to the esources of asiugle farm $500, and of the Sry at least $50 000,009, hoproved King Phitio or brown corn, the seed of which was obtaived toree frog ago from an island in a lke in New Hawpehire, was extensively dis- seminated in all the States north of New Jersey, and througbout the mountainoas districts of Pena sylvavia, Maryland and Virginia. The resalt hag been that it usually mutured within the period of wincty days from the time of planting (from the first to the middle of June ) and yielded, with good cultivation, in west cases, from eighty to one hun- dred bushels of sbelled corn to an acre. Itis well adapted to high Istitudes and elevated vall>ys and plains, where, from tue svortoess of summer, other varieties of corn are liable to be killed by late spring or carly autumnal frosts. The quality of the grain is gowd, being beavy, weil tlied with oil, and cuita- die for fattening avimais, or for transportation by sea without injury from moisture in vessels. This corn also avother valuable ty, in bDeing susceptible of close planting, consequent- jy is of a dwarfy growth, which ren ers the entire stalks and ' lides sa.toble for todder when cured. Estimating tne present annual corn of New Engiand, New Yor,k Micbigan, Wisconsin, Minne- Boia, Utah, Washington, and Oregon at 50,000,000 | Say ibirty ousbels per acre, if the variety of core im question were s»lely cultivated in these States the mcreased yield, allowing the prodact to be 560 bushels (one half of the maxinum) to the acre, would be more than 33,000,000 bushels, the walue of which would be at least $20,000,000. FORAGE PLANTS. Among the forage producta more recently intro- duced, and which would seem to deserve special Rotice, is the “ Chinese sugarcane,” (Sorghum aaccharatum,) anew grawiveous plant of Chinese origiv, but more recenuy from France, by the way of Natal, in South afnea. Since its introduction into this couptry it has proved itself well adapted to our aphica! range of Indian corn. It is of easy cultivation, being similar to that of maize or broom corn: and, if the seeds are planted in he in the Middle Sta’es, or still earlier at the South, two crops of fodder can be grown in a season from the same roots, irrespective of drought —the first one in Juoe or July, to be ut before the panicles apvear, which would be green and succu'ent, like young ladian corn, and the others month or two Liter, when or before the seed is fully matured The amount of fodder which it will produce to the acre, with ordinary oultiva- tion, may be safely escimated at seven ton» when green, or at Jeast two tou® per acre when eae | cured. The stalks, when neacly mature, are fi with a rich sacchert: ¢ juice, wht h may be convert- eé into sugar, syrup. ulcohol or beer, or may be used for dyeing wool or silk a permanent red or pink; and the entire plant is devoured with avidity, either in a greeu or a dry state, by cattle, horses, sheep and swine, - Considered in an utilitarian point of view, this Plsnt perbape has strovger claims on the American Eoarcsarke than apy otber product that has been bronght to this country since tae introduction of cotton or wheut. A-ice from uther economical uses, its value for feeding to unimals alone, ia every sec- tion of the Uniou where it will thrive, cannot be ® d by any other crop, as a greater amount of nutritious fodder cavpot be obtained so cheap, on a given space, within so short a period of time. Without wishing to present the question in an extravagant ligh:, it may be steted that this crop is suscepidle of being cultivated, within the territo.y of the United States, to an extent equal to that of Indian corn, say 25,000,000 acres per annum; and, estimating the average yield of dry or cured fodder to the acre at two tons, the yearly amount produced would be 50,000 000 tons, which, to keep within boands, wovld be worth at least $500,000 000, besides the profits derived from the animals in milk, flesh labor ana wool. Yhe German millet (pavicum Germanicum), an- Tatber annual forage plant, has veen introduced from France, which has proved very productive, is quick of grow :h, resists drought. and even flourishes weil @m dry soils. TUBEROUS ROUTS. The Chinese yam, (divseorea batatas), originally from China but more recently from France, bas been introduced, which bas succeeded well in va- rious parts of the Union, and promises to serve as an excellent ——_ wn hes the common and sweet potato. it p-ssesses the remakable property of remajning sound in the earth for several years, without either deteriorating in its edible qualities or sustaining injury from frost, which adds mach to its valoe, in belug always in readiness for the kitchen; and this, too, often at a time when the po- tato is sbrivelled or otrerwi-e impaired. The earth almond. or chafa ( esculentua) & amall tubesons exculeut, from the South of Spain, has natalorized iweif ty our ¢ imate and soil, and has proved very prolific in it yield, when cultivated fn the light eandy souls of the Middle and Southern States, as weil as those which are rivh, and bids fair to become a valuable crop for cattle and swine. Tt belongs to the same pa = page grass, (Cyperus repens), but does not possess ad of #preading itvelf lke that pest of Souchern NUT TREES, PAUITS AND VINTS. The Persian walnut, or Madeira not, (Juglins | north: inally a native of Persia, or the been somewhat extensively distrivat- to be well adapted to the climate of and southern latitudes of the United A tree of the “titmoase” or “thin shelled” variety (Jugians regia tenera), about twent i ( y years eas. forty five feet in height, and fifteen inches | diameter. , standing on the premises of Colonel Peter Force, in the city of Washington, is perfectly hardy, and bears year'y an al of excellent This is considered the most vainable of all the walnuts, as the tree begins to bear ia eight or from plauting the seed; and the fruit is licate, keeps wel). and is rien in oil. Cashmere, where the walnut is the subject of there are four varieties : the ,the nut of which is diminutive, athick shell and scanty kervel; the wanlu Raving large bat, with a thick and hard shell. and i #3 a deficient kernel; the denw. also a large nut. with a thick and rather bard shell, ana a kernel large, good, and easily extracted; and the kaghazi, so from its shell being newly as thin as paper. latter, which may be readily broken by the , is the largest of all, having a kernel easily extracted, Its sa- Cb ewe Sod excellent ou. oe to beatributable to ite having been engrafted, bot it 1s now raised from seeds The nuts, after seven years old; bat two or three years before it is in full bearing. The ave- of nuts broa*ht to matarity on ten amoonts to 25,000. It has , after a few seasons of full rs the trees fail off io prodacing frait, and rain, great Inxuriance, to leaf and branch. To this jie ‘condition the Cashmereans apply the appella- of and, to remedy the evil, ent of all the branches, bringing the tree to the state of s The year following shoots and leaves alone are wer by ap Abandant crop of nats. The ent ends Of rh are somemhat mnsightly in the tree until ti concealed by the growth of the young branch Deaves.. W nd ripe, the frait of the Wanta walnut Se retwtied in the city at the rate of abont two cents abendred ‘The nuts of the Dupu are sold ior avout frre corte a hundred; and of the Kaghazi, at about four cents per bundred. It ig @ common practice for Ove eocet\ penpte to erack the walante at hone a recia alone to market, where they ay | presser, for extracting their oil. The he ‘ vir weightin off; and the other t ) consists of oil cake, is maoh valued ag . which are succeeded the next | ‘rancher swell into knots, or knobs, which | NEW YORK HERALD, SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 16, 4856. ete produces the most oil, whea soil, or among calcareous The site on which Coiovel Force's tree stands was formerly ocoupied by a brick kiln. e ttomed land, whatever may be the ckarac- ter of the surface, it will not thrive. The pats may in @ drill about six inches apart, and Between the period‘ ripening nod eeny spring, tween of and early spripg, provided there is no Fe noi rata, or other ver min of the field; the nuts may also be gently press- ed into the ground, even with the surface, and co v- ered with straw or leaves; and, to afford the a fur- ther protection, light potes or buards may be placed over the whele until spring. Toe only attention re- quired in their cultaze, the first year, is to keep Ube young plants tree from weeds, and, about the middle of summer to shorten their tap or main roots, six or eight inches beicw the nuts, by insert- ing a spade on each side of the drills, ina slanting direchon, 80 as to cut off their points, in order to induce them to throw out more fibres, to facilitate their transportation. Eurly in the spring of the se- cond year, they may be tr: lanted to a distance of five or six fect apart, where they may romam until they are removed to their permanent sites, lu cases where this tree is to be grown for frait, on dry soa or ro. _ pee the nat ought to be planted where it is final'ty to »emain, on accouat of the tep root, which will thas have its fall influence on the vigor and prosperity of iis future growth, by descending to the subsei) for the nonrisament it could not otherwise obtair. Outhe conirary, when there is a moist or otherwise unfavorable subsoil, if lanted where it is finally to remaio, a tile, alate, or at stone, should be placed under the nut, a depth of three or four inches, in order to give the tap root a horizontal course. When planted as orchards, the trees may be set a rod apart, an acre of which could coutain one hun- dred and sixty in the square form, or one hundred and eighty in quincuncem. Estimating the prodact of each tree at # dusbel of nuts, and sap) i that it will produce that quantity in tweive or fifteen years after Coreg and consider. ing that the amount imported into tais country is valued at leas: at $100,000 per annum, the induce- ments for its culture by the farmers and planters of the Middie and Southern States would appear to be sufficiently ample for their immediate attention. The almond Aaygiohe communis), which isin digenous to Syru and Northern Africa, has become naturalized in the south of Europe, Madeira, the Islands, aud is cultivated portions of heiad Bates Whee a i u tates. aj the common plum, it often attains a height alee ty or thirty feet, with atrunk eight or ten inches in diameter; und even in the neighborhood of Paris, where the winter climate is almost as severe as that of Philadelphia, it is met wita of the elevation of forty feet, and in the south of France it grows still r. ‘ne almond is commonly one of the first among hardy trees o display its blossoms, which generally t forth, in Barbary, in January; at Smyma, in ‘ebruary: vear Loudon, in March; in Germany and New York, in the letter part of april; and at Chris- tiana, in Norway. not till the beginning of Jane. The blossoms appear before the leaves, aud hence they produce the finest eflect when ted at evergreens. It has been observed that, tho vernal frosts often destroy the germs of the fruit, they do not injure the beauty of the flowers, but even increase their splendor. An avenue of almond trees, quite hoary with frost, in the evening, will be of a briliaut rose color the foliowing morning, and will often retain its beauty for more than a month; the flowers never falling off till the trees are covered with ve.dure. The fruit is not so attractive as that of the peach, because, instead of preserving the same deiicious pulp, its pericarp shrivels as it ripens, and becomes a borny kind of hask, opening of its own accord, at ‘be end of maturity. The kernel of some varieties of the almond, however, is not de fended by so thick a shell as that of the peach and nectarine; for it is often so tender that the nuts break when shaken together. The chief distinction between these fruits is, that the almond has a stove, covered with a coriaceous, dry, hairy , while those of the peach and nectarine are developed in a a, juicy pulp, surrounded by a smooth or downy 2. Ina wild state the almond is sometimes found with bitter kernels, and at other times sweet, ina similar manner to the Gram aont osk (Quercus His- panica), which, in Spain, generally bears sweet editde acorns, but sometimes produces only such as are bitter. The two variedes the mst valuable for cultivation are the “sweet kernelled” almond (Amandicr & petis sruits, or Amandes dowces, of the French,) and the “soft she!l” almoud, (.dmandier & coque tendre, or Amande 4 coque moile, ot France.) The shell of the former is hard, but the kernel is sweet flavored. It is cultivated in the south of Ey , being generally propagated by gratting, ard bigh, on the bitter almond, or on ing seedhng almond stocks, in order to insure sweetness of its fruit. E the softnees or frugality of ita shell, the sweet flavor of ite kernel, and is the variety cently introduced and Leeming mp office. ‘The almond does not p: 5 the soil be ary, sandy or calcareous, of considerable depth; bat all the vaneties will succeed well ina free soil, that is not too moist, when or inoculated on stocks of the common plum. The situation should be sheltered, on account of the liability of the branches to be broken off by high winds. As it sends down a tap root, exceeding two feet in length the first season, it haa been found that such a tree, when taken up, has two fibres, and consequently but little fated the practice of germinating the , nated the ps rs 7 of earth beioie sowing them, and point of the medicals when sbout an which causes it to throw wo ‘tree is wished to be jonged. The advantages of this Ven be briefly up in toe following words:—It prospers upon ferent soil; requires but littie care in its culti vation: is beantiful as an ornamental tree; useful as a shade tree, and profitable in its production of a much desired fruit, yielding, in its bearing years, | about 20 pounds to the tree, which, at 15 cents a nd, would amount to at least $500 to aa acre. ‘The amount of almonds annually imported into the United States is believed to be vaiuea at more than $250,000, The Cork Oak (Quercus suber), an evergreen tree, indigenous to the south of Earope aad Northern Africa, which farniehes the well known article, cork, in sufficient quantities for commerce. [i is ad. to the soil and clima‘e of many parts of the M! and Soutbern States, and, avide from its cesirable- nese as a beantiful shade tree, wil! prove a necessary | auxiliary to the future wine colture of this c untry, | as well ‘as for the supply of the increasing de:nana for cork for other purposes. In the regions where thie tree is indi it usally grows toa beight of twenty or thirty feet. Jt was introonced into about the yew 160%, by acorns brought from France or Spain, and still exists there in various collections, having attained, in some instances, a diameter of two or three feet | A tree of this species aleo stands om the estate of Samerstown, near Cork, io Ireland, with a diameter of at least three feet at yard above tae ground. The cork tree bears & considersble resemolance to onr live oak of the Southern States, but varies ex ceedingly in the magnitade, form and margin of ite | leaves, 96 weil as in the size of its acorns, which, M | Bowe alleges, may be eaten aa human food ia cases | of necessi ee when roasted Swine are | Seeded be of upon which they fatten weil, Cae | view of firm and savory bacon or lard. eave with which the cork oak can be in the central avd maritime parts of the Miadle, Atiantic and Southern state., and, per- bape, on the pruries of Texas, Louisiana arkansas, Miseouri, and Uiinois, and the general desire fo | diversifying the landscape of those States with beau tiful, long-Ved, umbra)eous trees, the compacative ly long time which is necessary for its growth vefors moch, if any profit can be reslieed. should not de ter the prudeat or sagacious husband mao from ex tending its calture. Considering it in a politic as well an economical sense, reasonsole tea eurcs be taken fe form Le nage gon gd thie tree enfficient for the future supply of cork, parti- cnlarly for the increasing coments for that matorial which are likely to erise from the culture of the vine. Again, were non-intersourse to oscar be- tween this country and the Old World, which, from some political commotion doattiess one day or Other | will take place, the sources from which it is ob- | tained would be cut off, and, in @ short time after, | supply would be exhausted, and we would be ) Without s substitote, aniess provided against sach an exigency by the means herein proposed. As a forthe argument in showing the importance of foe tering this branch of rota ecomomy, it may be ‘stated that the amount of cork which Is yearly im- into the United States, is valued at more thaa 200. ‘ tags wo Among the cuttings of have been owed ay ty ttn te" Prove @’ Agen" - Catharine,” trom: France. bave both been extensively distributed and on the commen | in all ip Sivtes on tana” or stoneless . " of “Corinth” cunept. Kt Aa) principally distri- buted in the central latitudes of United apd. as faras heard from, wit the severity of the chmate, isst winter, and bid fair to do well. The New England Society. LECTURE OF THS HON. GkOAGE P. MABSH, OF VER- MOBT, ON “ ENGLAND, NEW AND OLO.” ‘The firet of a series of six lectures bofore the above sost- ety was delivered on Wednesday evening at Clinton Hall, Astor placo, by Hon. Geo. Marah, of Burlington, Vermont, At tbe hour eppoipted, come three hundred porsous wore assembied, apd the proceedings commenced by the Presi- dent, B. W. Bonney, Esq. , stating that the object of these lectures was not merety to add to the funds of the Asso- ciation, but also to bring before them gentlemen of high tutellectval attainments os leciurers on subjects con- pected with the society. He then introduced the lecturer of the evening, who was received with applause. Mr. Makau commenced by etating that, as the child is the father of the man, eo are the Now Englanc: States the found- ors apd vital clement of our empire. ‘the first settlers of tho-¢ States songht t» build ap and perpetuate atheo demo cracy—e government in whicd the voice of the pvovie shouid be the voice of Ged. I donot no#, sald tne +peaker, seek to investigate the question whether the civil and the ratigious should, property, mutually ignore each other, but to treasing my eubject, 1 am aecessitated to treat matters ‘and things as | tied them. The people of the New Engiand States are similar in m: st pointe of view to their breturen of -ype. Im our Eastern variety of form, and profile, and stature; nothing fixed, tinel—al) Northern profile we find that youth, bat that of the Fourh: then went into @ comparison cu tivased garden many varitics 80 was it in our own land, for the min edveation produced differing and perament and temper the New non ounformiat; be therefore tolerates intole-anoe. of the individual. the fullest itberty Siete republic ig, that the is for the commen should be Bo le polies as unjust to the single citizen. ‘The objection was then answered whether the energy of the New Englander is not the product of circum- biances incidental to ® pewly setied country, the lecturer arguing tbat although the eveats of our history may navo Tey continue a people. we @ . If we compare Old and New England, we find thet both have trod precively the same path to wealth and puccers. the great rebellion taught the lesson Of rulers’ respousibility ; moar own country, a the principles of thet the ame idea all—pamely, the independence of the individual. Without this ‘Ro peo- can be free. the same causes work: italy at this very moment de striking the biow which eail set ‘them Icose from their oppressors. sball arrive, if ever, when the fire on the altar of liberty is quenched, upom England, New and Ol, will reat the Teapensibyity Gliveexdequish. ment. ‘The speaker resumed bia seat about nine o'clock. We bave endeavored to give some of the salient points of this address, which waa much too philosophical for « ginersl sudience, Reporters labored under grost diffi- culty ia taking notes,as Mr. Marsh's delivery was ex- : (From the Troy Tumes, Nov. 12 | Pvbile cpinion was on the wrong tack, and the judg- met of almost everybody has been See m te ii of of bigh ity ; from sympathy or obae other cai, Pesoecubls per former prison 4 wit) the ‘velled morderese '’ and heard from her own lips « confession of ber duplicity io this matter, made to Governor Curk at the prison, Wrote os « private letter 0m © tim? Ago 10 this purport —It is an entire mistake that Mrs, Robinson js one of the Wood family, She ts ve of Fnglane nd Sever mae one Ot Gat Cemay tl lend. Through the tpterceesion of frien wus commuted to banishment from the lett for the United Staves, On the vessel abe co herolf © a respecmble lady of New York, who pareenger returning home, by kin? attentions to the ourt¢ her sickness The latter offered hers viding her with employ meat at sewi her Devetactrees but @ bod Lf et into had company, an Eceumoeely, however, the New York lady joy Wee sont ot prison wi Indeed to Ron place between Governor murcerces that the New York gentleman letters written by Mre. Ro to his wile, an knowledgea that she wrote them, an lied mm representing bere thet she family, We discredited this story st toe eo ont tread, who le 8 lawyer, might wen deceived, ‘either for a c yon much crecullty, Bet from toe light we now Y4 eventa, ; 538 tif a eFeet H bis 5 i i i az8 4 2 3 at H <3 332 peeibiy th fa * true one At ail much we irs Tobinson te Mire Robinson, the veiled orese’ —and & poor, wretched, ‘ ed, pitiable, crazy wreck of humanity sb4 is. That she bas once and somewhere moved in refined circles; that ebe hae ‘njoved early edocational and enctal advan. ‘oper that be wae, withal, @ bewutifal and accomptiehed wrman, PO one Who bas seen and conversed with ber treeiy cap for a moment doubt. ruvcronary, #huse Juri dicvons i® Co oxtensty 0 oe the range of the horse stealing gentry, has cata »- Tivbed ‘ie court In oor city, where, on lest thormtay, o aa held, wherein two certain young men of te onter, were tried and plead goilty to the soft | a ment of baring stolen severe! horees oar ¢ t wut ber ¢f the latter were present at the trial, we o» eve togive Waumony They ceemed well pleased wien the performance The crurt awarded for'y nine iash ss op each shirt pomsersed by the loafers aforeesid—tre shirt bel ¢ on the back of ite o#ner— which sentence wv roby exeevted by the ownere of the horses, (a op a Ay Nebt, and in the presence ¢f quite « larce na nber of ctlvene and strangers. —Omnaha City Democrat, Oct, 9 Connt Retkerdorf, the Rassian Envoy, who is a ne. phew of the well known Prtocers de Lieven wae maki the tour Of the public libraries, musenma, and galeries Macvid, and vinivng all the ministers, if company with is tho cow Austrian Minister, Count Crivelli. ‘ano traced «hem off to the Pawnee Indiant Qattia | | becanse its able and gil AFFAIRS IN EUROPE, The Flow of Gold from Bagiand to France. MRISH EMIGRATION TO SOUTH AMERICA. Our London, Paris and Vienna Correspondence. PARIS FASHIONS. Mleceflancoa: ems from all Parts of Eurepe, &., &., ko. Our London Correspondence. > Lonpen, Oct, 31, 1856. Concentrated Eesence of a London Fog—Glory and Eating-Metropotitan Banditti— Messrs. Foz, Henaerson & Co.'s Failure—Italian Opera and Dramatic Doings, §c. Do you know what fogs are in America? From 2 o'clock Wednesday afternoon till midnight the metropolis and suburbs were enveloped in fog so dense that it would have been impossible to have cut it,even with a ladle; and, sad to tell, several lives were lost and many serious accidents occurred, principally at the railway etations and amongst the ehipping on the river. You will scarcely credit it, but we have uot yet come to the end of the Crimean dinner giving and sword presentations in honor of glories only re- alized in the fertility of our “ over¢axed” imagina- tions. The nighteon Bagshot Heath and the days of Jack Shepherd and Dick Turpin were positively nothing to the feats of highway-arms of the present period, when garroting is of nightly occurrence in our most public thoroughfares, when shopmen are beaten to death ere closing hours and by brilliant gas light, and burglaries of the most daring character are com- mitted in the very teeth of the police, the villains posi- tively coolly setting down to supper and segars in the calles d manger of the houses they honor with their company, with the nonchalance of a “Claude du . second Palace; at all events, without their liberaiity in coming for- ‘the subscriptions were raised, it first Palace of tell, Mr. Willert Beale, (for he is the impresario and only operatic caterer the public now have,) most find his profits in those eminent continental and English favorites, Monsieur and Madame Gas- sier. In order to realize the gentleman, fancy Ron- coni, “ with a voice”—or Grazziani, “ with a know- ledge of the stege’’—or Talma and Charles Ma- thews j—for both comparisons will hold good, eskenstinaaiee ing from the “Borgia Duke” 6 iy - likes: and what ie 5 more, left the unaccom, in the of her pode eerie eat applause. On this Mr. Wm. 4.3 ple i E ; 7H fi ii aie and actors who contributed to it. ” friends, attracted by the dulcet Reeves, at a grand concert given Rooms, Southampton, had on Mon- very miraculous escape from drown- i L i Ze 3° i & There Our Paris Correspondence. Pants, Oet. 29, 1466, The Times and the French Government—Position of France as Regards Europe— The Festivities at Compeigne, §e., §¢. The London Times, notwithstanding its disclaimer of responsibility, has come to be so closely associat- ed in the minds of all foreign nations, not only with the sentiments of the administration of the day, but with those of the couutry at large, that every opinion it expresses on any subject of political importance is received with all the gravity and force of an announcement either by the Moniteur or the official organ of any other State. There is no doubt that, despite the protest occa sionally recorded by this influential journal, the no- tion which so generally prevails has in it a very considerable degree of truth. To speak of its being official in the sense of the Moniteur—that ix, of its being supported by secret service money at the die posal of the existing ministry—is simply absurd. As & commercial speculation, the Times serves a far more generous master than it could find under the shadow of any administration, but it is never- theless true that it generally is an official organ; for public opinion in England is omnipotent. There is an oligarchy, it is true, of tremendous power; but let this fly in the face of public opinion and it would fall to the ground, shivered in fragments. It must be so wherever the press is free. Well, the circula- tion of the Times is im the ratio of ten to one of any other newspaper in England, and it is so becaase it affecta to be, and undoubtedly 5 y chief exponent of this ¥ bic opinion. But public opiaion ecu passing of" the rotorm bi \y sirce in 1592, makes or mare the mimstry. In de‘iance of it no ministry could exist a month; and theretore which is the chief exponent of this inion necessarily becomes the confi- administration, which may be amd of i's nostril, But the Times generation; if it bos a dason with the administration it is but a liason: its is the public , which follows, and the moment, , becomes nence of tiods has been cansed fm this capital by the occasional prohibition of this journal; a prohibition, which, it may be said on possant, the ment aa at present constitat- ed, bas very rarely resorted to; still, it is occasion ally exercised, and the effect produced on the public mind is always rtionably great. Otoer journala | are so varia ting der the ban of the > sorahip thet no one is at the intelligence; bat when the “ broad sheet” is impounded men of ail shades and climes begin to say there must be something in it. Now, wi hin the space of ten days the Trmes bas been ry twice; once, I believe, ited ev ondent had writ- ten an account of the arrest of some three handred persons belonging to the Marianve Society, and yes- tercay becouse of a slashing leader which it is ssid to Lave come out with in answer to the co aplaint ineerted in the Moniteur, that the langasge of the Enp lsh preae was such as to en er the entente \ The ess with regard to public read » rooms, such as Calignani’s, is to suffer the yea of the offending journal to be delivered en undertaking being givoa that they will not { was wealthy, beaut! fame abroad, coobent pit which it such 6 circamstanc: public dissatisfaction is kept down Palty ia the iron bands prepared for i, when, uly or pac} 0 thousands are complaini: whole ten: at the expense of the lees of gooiety, I cannot but think that the wi i I aE li Fi 2 | 7 giges i ql in i ile L sities! de Lodi,” the “Toilettes "and “Michel hristine.” s 5 Brenier, the French minister, left Naples on the 27th. lutionary Indications in Italy and Spain, §. A letter from Compiegne of the 29th says: —It was thought that a carousal would take place on Sandey—that is, a sort of tournament —and many people from Noyon, Pout Sainte Mayence, and other neighboring places, had repaired to Compiegne to witness it, but were disappointed. Sunday is al- ways a day of rest with the Court here, as it is at St. Clond. On that day, and all others, their Ma- jesties allow their quests all the liberty posible, eepecially in the morning. It is not absolutely ne- cessary to appear at the breakfast table, and break- fast is, at the guests desire, taken up to his room. But this is a freedom rarely taken advantace of, for the private rooms are far from comfortable. Com- piegne has never been an agreeable residence in that respect; the furniture is scanty, and it would take several millions of francs to render it worthy of being called a truly imperial residence. Some few privileged personages are quartered in the State apartments, which are very fine, but the other guests occupy rooms suchas may be found at any second rate hotel. The eervante sleep in mere gar- rets, and, as may be expected, are not sparing of their criticism on such accommodations. If, how- ever, the rooms are indiffereut, the cuisine is excel- lent and venison most abundant. The evenings are passed in conversation and amusements whence all restraint is banished. What are called innocent —(something after “bunt the slipper” fashion) games and amusements are often played.” Nea are but children of a larger “id Ove of the topics of more general conversation yesterday at these imperial revels was the extraor- dinary speech which had recently been made in England by Sir R. Peel, after his return from Mos cow. Eyen the prudent Emperor langhed heartily aa the salient its of it were again and again ex- d. “ We have now,” said one, “ authority, on a Rora of the Admiralty’s bape J that the Enetieh failed to a equit themselves common decensy in that part of the war their preeminence in whica is conceded to them by ail the nations of the earth. Cronstadt, says oll Russia, from the Grand Dake down to the youngest middy on Loard the Viadimir, was ready to cramble tu atoms at the bidding cf England, and the Syrian nero would none of it.” “ Only fancy,’ exclaimed another, “the grave and cirenmepect sire of the present Sir Robert peeping from the mansions of the plessed on his madcap representative. Peshaps it is imporsible to ima- gine a greater penalty for his earthly short a seve does not merit; but e iethes at moment when 5 jeacy of ee rae ese’ to eatiekl tho toe so tak think thatthe policy icy hich dictated it was very, lonable. The im; my sry quest impor- | her stay for provisions, which comings.” “J can explvin it all,” suid a third party, after hearing their remarks; “tne pre rent Kir Robert has Indian biood in his veins: | his grandmother was an Oriental, and the cro | Iweed is imaking itself evident in the third genera tion. Tt is well known that the Inte. Sir Robert, like Meny other able men, did_not look fora Madame Sommerville in tie wife, The Dowager Lady Peel td and pradent, bat her under | i twice in ral _ ‘ Our Vienha Correspondence. _ t. 27, 1856, The Neapolitan Question el Mediation af Russia—The Affair of nubian Principalé- tiea—Americans in Vienne, &c., $e. Since the want of success tha has attended the mediatory endeavors of Austria with regard to the Neapolitan question, Russia has decided to come forward into renewed activity, and her voice, whiok than the present, of which it has availed itself, to offer its good offices, in conjunction with the other Powers of Europe, in assisting to adjust the differ- ences that have agitated the Cabinets of England and France, and by these means to re-assume the influence that bas been so long held in abeyanee. Iam able to assure your readers certainty that it is known and discussed in circles here, that for some time past an intimate exchange of despatches has taken place between Paris and St. Petersburg, with no less an object in view than to engage Russia likewise upon the mediation of the affhirs of Naples, while France, in order to put ao ‘unnecessary bar upon the ultimate enccessful termi- nation of such a step, will, it is eaid, be satisfied with moderate concessions on the part of the King of Naples. It is aleo known here that the Russian Am- baseador at the Court of Naples, hie Ex- eellency M. Kakoschkine, has already opened ne- gotiations to this effect, and it is even surmised that the whole_affair may end by a change of Minia- ters at that court—a step long desired by Moms. Brenier, the French Ambassador. But not alone on the Neapolitan question does Rassia at this moment exercise her diplomatic skill: the affairs of the Danubian Principalities oft « fine field for Russian diplomacy, and one which Prince Gortschakoff has not faited to improve. The St. Petersburg Cabinet naturally watches with extreme interest the meffectual agitation of the French Cabinet for the union of Moldavia with Wallachia, and the negotiations that have takes re between the Ambassadors of F' Rusia, their Exc M. ys to take up its former Asetete 10h te Porte rk Amon, other American strangers arrived here ‘at the 1 Munsch) are Messrs, Kdmucd Iv ' G yon Boskirk, Edvar Harmance, Joun ee. tick, William Rice, Nathaniel Greene, John Kirk- Jund, who, after secing ail that is remarkable here, intend to proceed to Venice and Milan to be preseat dusting the testivities which will take place upom aaa their Majesties the Emperor and Empress =~ The OMcers of the Merrimac Entertained the Mayor of Southampton—speech of C Prendergast. (Correapor dence of the Lordon Herald | Sourtamrron, Thursday The Cocaine tes war steam frigate mac, wi as our renders are alre: aware, haa been at anchor in the Southampton po for aome time Rest, took her departure thi« morning soon after lv o'clock. She steamed to the westward, her Wi ich port she will make me one Se Feaiscune ‘ork, it is presumed, ia the conse of four or five weeks. The Merrimac leaves ourshores with the good wishes of all; for ever since her arrival at this port she bas been open to the in- epection of some thousands of visiters, every one of whom reocived the most ee attention and cour. tesy from ber gentlemanly commander and officers. ‘The snp rior and wel! appointed regulations of the ship, her cleanliness, and, above all, her colossal see and the immense calibre of her guns, have been the sdmiretion end astomishment of every person who embraced the epportanity of inspecting her. The Mertiase shipped a great quantity of stores for ber trip, and the money spent in the twn duriag were supplied fresh every day, almoet exceeds beilef. Last evening the Mayor of Sonthampton, Mr, drews. invited the commander, Captain Prendergast, and the whole of the officers to a banquet is pri- vate reaidence, Laceroe Villa, near Wine! Pe Prendergast and as mony of the offieers as ‘nties—nine in anmber—— » Sudrews placed twe destination being Treat, ashbort stay, and then court, reaching New Cap could be spared from .b+ necepted She invilation,