The New York Herald Newspaper, August 6, 1856, Page 4

JAB BS GORDO BDITOR AND PROPRIETOR. OFFICE BR. W. CORXER OF MA8GAU AMD FULTON OTO, ———— Wodume TAL... .. .. ~~. 0ve ene ven-eneneMOe MIF AMUSEMENTS THIS EVENING. NIBLO’S GARDBN, Broadway—Tax Evi. Genius. Bowery—Praares or THe Mrssis- BOWERY THEA' orn—Pas De Daud sy Hammsspe—Po-ca-00n-T43, ADWAY ATHEN 64 wine pn i ileleteoe oe DUSSELDORF GALLERY, @ Broadwey—Vaiamy Put mee avs StaTvs2yY—MRrrepom or Hoss, de. OOO New York, Wednesday, Augest 6, 1855. Mails for Europe. NEW YORK HERALD—SDITION FOR EUROFY ,, ‘Mee Cunard neail steamship Persia, Captain Judkiy 15, will Jemve this port this morming, at mire o'clock, fo + Liver- 7 European mails will clowe im this GW, as eight @’cbock thie morning. ‘The Haracp (printed in English and Pro ach) will be Published at ix o'clock in the morning. “Single copies, ‘a wrappers, sixpeace. ‘Subecriptions ead advertirements for? y edition of the New Yoru Hursp will te receiyed vt the following places in Barope:-— Laor—Am. & Europes Express. Ge. 1T wed 18 Cornhill, Prams do. do. © "Place de \a Bourse, do. do. umicrd street. ‘Mie contents of the Europes » eition of the Huma ‘will embrace the news receive: ivy mail aad telegraph at the office during the previous woek, and to the hour ef Ppablication. The News. ‘The returns ef the ‘state elestions which took place on Monday come im very slowly, owing, no doubt, to the deranger jemt of the telegraph wires Westward. We have scattering, accounts from Ken- wacky, Iowa and Misr peri, but nothing whereby to farm an intelligent opimicon as to the result. It # conceded that Blair (republicam) has been elected te Congress from Miiesyuri in place of Kennett 4K. N.) The first session. of ¢he Thirty-fourth Congress is rapidly drawing to- close, only eleven working days having to elaps> before the final adjournment. In order that our; readers may understand how the past eight mont fe-cf the session have been frittered away;We pres at thom this morning with a com- plete and accu pater ésumé of the work performed in both houses, togéther with some account of the manner of co adust'ng business in either branch. Yetterday im the Senate a message was received from the Pr ssider<, stating that the military officers in Kansas tavemot been instructed to disperse as- semblages of citizens there; and that the War De- partment is mot satisfied that the circumstances of the case justifie? Col. Sumner in dispersing’ the free State Legialatazs, which met at Topeka a short time since. Col. Sumner, who has been calle¢ pon for his conduct in that effrir, distinctly stated that be had been so instructed. The matter, ‘therefore, ie now simply a question of veracity be- tween the President and Col. Sameer. The House bill providing for running the boundary line between the Hritish pos-esaiens and our Northwestern terri- tory was passed. A report was made on the neces- sity of farther legislation in case of the death of the Presidentand Vice President. 4 ppropriations for the improvement of the harbors of Michigan City, Vermiltien, and Chicago, and the @hie river were agreed te; those for the harbers of Dubuque and Waukegan were iejected. A petition wae presented Trom the persons confined in Kansas te answer the charge ¢! treason praying for relief, bat no action ‘was talern on the subject. The Hease reeamed the con- sideration of the bill making eppropristious for the civil expenses of the govermment. Mr. Dunn of- fered s proviso that no part of the money be drawn from the treasury until a law is passed and ap- proved by the President for the pecification of the ‘troubles in Kansas, which shal! contain a slavery restriction regarding Kansas and Nebraska. Mr. Grow proposed that no momey be paid until the pending prosecutions for treason and ether alleged offences against the Territorial iawsof Kansas be dismiased. Both these propositions were adopted. The appropriations for the legislative expenses of the Territory, and for comtingent expenses, were stricken out. The evening session was devoted toa @iscuseion of the political topice of the day bearing upon the Presidential electien. The Young Men's General Commiteees of the hard end soft sections of the democratic party wnited last evening, and had e grand consolidation meeting and general rejoicing at Tammeny Hall. The committees marched in procession from the headquarters of the hards, at Stuyvesant Iostitate, to the Old Wigwam, and on their way pact the St. Nicholas called upon Judge Amasa J. Parker, can- @idate for Governor, who mae a brief address to them from the balcony. The address wes very short am) very weak; but that ie supposedto be in consequence of the heavy rain which was falling at the time and the general inclemen»y of the weather. The speech, with that of Captain Eynders and other distinguiszed orators, will be found ia our report. A meeticg was held at the Astor House yesterday, for the purpose of organizing a society to aidin an exploration of Central Africa. Among the persons present were the President of the American Coloni zation Society, Rev. Mr. Pease, and ex-President Roberts, of Liberia. In consequence of the anfavor- able state of the weather, and the aco-atendance of Many persons jnterested in the proposed explora tian, the gentlemen present did not proceed to or- gapise the society, but engaged in an interchange of opinion reapecting the importance of (ke subject before them. Aweport of the remarks of the speak- ers mey be fofind«'sewhere in our columns Tm tho Board of Aldermen last evening a cemon strance was recetecd from the Harlem Railroad Company agvinst <he passage of a resolation to take up the present.cails of the road below Forty- second stceet, and icy down grooved rails. The remonstraats state that the proposed change would prevent the ~unning of ‘heir freight cars, and also those of the New Hawn line. A communication was received <rom the Comptroller ia relation to the new Croton reservoir, aye the difficulty of raising money on a five per centstock to pay awards for Jands taken for ‘be same. We give an abstract of thie document in our reports of the proceedings. ‘The nomination of Richard Henwood, as City Sur- veyor, was confirme:. In the Board of Councilmen a communication was received from the Strast Commiasioner, stating that the reason why the lamps on te piers and bolk- heads are not kept in erder and lighted is becanse the Comptroller will not pay for deingit. The river thieves whl no doubt be greatiy obliged to Mr. Plagg for thas factitating their nocturnal enter. prises. The Commissioner of Repairs and Supplies sent in an application fer an additional appropria- ton of $40,000 for paviag streets. No other basi- neces of interest came before the Hoard. 4 meeting of the special committee of the Super. visors appointed to investigate into the charge of dereliction of daty preferred against Comptrelier Flagg, was held yesterday. The party preterring the charges was unable to attend, and he was ordered to be notified t prepare the specifications of his charges in writing for presentation at the next meeting of the committer, which was named for next Monday. The Special Committee of the Board of Health appointed to recommend some measures to raiw money needed to keep the streets clean, in view of the present exhaustion of the appropriation for thie yupore, met yesterday. Statements were pre- NEW YORK HERA), WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 6, 14.56. JOE eee anemia: Pes aa oi x taken. ‘We see thy, our efforts for the removal of the Qua. ‘diz te removal of the vessels lying at anchor near the Long Island shore, and to take steps to prevent in- “fectious diseases from being communicated to the city. The proximity of the infected vessels in Gravesend Bay with the shore has, with good rea. son, caused considerable atarm to the. residents in the vicinity. We have interesting news from Northern Mexieo. Gen. Vidamri, who assumes the character of an ultra States rights champion, es far as he umder- stands it, is out against President Comonfort, whio is charged with a variejy of political offences, the chief of which appears to be that he coxfinues popular and is opposed to Vidaurri. The ¢rder to deliver up the government of the Norther depart- ment to Senor Rodriguez is point blank disie>garded, and it is expected that a collision between the fede- sequence. ‘tion met at Harrisbarg yesterday. A proposition for forming a fusion electoral ticket-wes rejected by nearly a unanimous vote. A convention of brick manufacturers was held yesterday at the Girard House, in this city. An organization was formed to imsure uniformity of price m bricks. The brickmakers interested in this movement include manufacturers adjacent to New York and in towns on the Haiison river neatly as far as Albany. A bale of new cotton reached this port yesterday, by the steamer Alabama, from Savannah. It is the first received the present season, and was consigned to Ralph Post. ‘The severe fall of rain during the best part of the business day yesterday had the effect to check trans- actions in all kinds of produce. The sales of cotton were confined to a few hundred bales, at unchance! prices, Flour was firm, with moderate sales, and unchanged prices. About half the purchases » made for export. The sales of wheat were confine new Southern choice white, to arrive, at #1 954. Thc market for medium and lower grades was dull, Sales of corn were confined to prime Western mixed at 66}c., in the slip. Pork was easier for mess, while prime advanced. The sales embraced about 800 barrels, including mess at $20 and prime at $15 a $18 12}. Sugar was steady,’but sales were quite limited. Coffee was quiet, and no sales of moment reported. Grain to Liverpool wae better, with moderate engagements for that pert and for Eng- lish ports generally. The Ostend Highwaymen's Manifesteo—B' § chanan versus Marcy. To refresh the memories of our readers of all parties, from the happy family at Tammany Hall down to the melancholy remains of the Know Nothing ledges, we republish this morning the celebrated Ostend highwaymen’s manifesto of Messrs, ‘Buehanan, Mason and Sonlé, together with the important letter of Mr. Soule, enclosing this precious legacy to the government at Wash- ington, and the reply of Secretary Marcy. To these three remarkable State papers we call the especial attention of all honest men. Mr. Soule, in transmitting the results of the delibera- tions of himself and associates, first at Ostend, and then at Aix-la-Chapelle, says that “it was with a deep sense of solemn responsibility that we entered upon the duties which had been as- signed to us.” They were three of our first class Ministers in Europe, accredited respectively to the courts of London, Parie and Madrid. They met in Belgium, at an important crisis in Earo- pean affairs, at an important crisis in reference to the destiny of Ouba, and ‘they knew what they were about. Mr. Sould’s letter, therefore, may be taken as the authentic interpretation and con- firmation of the manifesto itself; and he makes no seoret of the fact that the policy of the three Ostend filibusters was to compel Spain to sell the island of Cuba or to wrest itfrom her while yet England and France were absorbed in their mighty struggle with the colossal power of Rus sia, He says, “if wedelay, we will certainly repent that we let escape the fairest opportunity that could ever be furnished.”.and that if the po- liey of this manifesto is to being upon.us war now is the time. This was in-Oetober, 1454—a month after the landing of the allies in the Cri- mea—a golden opportanity. Mr. Soulé was the official im erpreter of the masifesto, aud properly so, from his position as Minister to Spain. “He left New Work en route for Madrid with the honors of a reguinr filibustering procession, iveluding banners, tranynarcocies and speeches which would have warmed the hearts of buccaneer expeditions. A French refugee of the Jacobin type. Mr. Soulé was the very impersona- tion of the spirit and policy of the red republi- can and tie Cuban Junta. He was appointed by Mr. Pieree for the express purpose of bullying Spain into a surrender or into a fight for Cuba. Under Jefferson we had acquired Louisiana, un- der Monroe we had acquired Flerida, under Polk we had acquieed Texas and the territories ac- cruing to us from the Mexican war—all ho- norable acquisitions, and honestly paid for ; but Mr. Pierce set out upon his administration with the fixed resolution of eclipsing all bis predeces- sors in the enforcement of the Monroe doctrine, and in the acquisition of Cubs, by puechase, by terroriem, or by robbery. Henee the appointment of Soulé to Apain—ea most offensive threat in iteelf to the Spanidi government—benee the covert instructions of Mr. Pierce to his favorite— hence the Ostend Conference, and the servile end degrading compliance of Buchanan and Mason to the programme of Forney, Cushing, Pierce and Soulé. Read the self-complacent letter of the last named gentleman, and doubt, if you can, that he was writing to Marey by authority, ‘The manifesto, however, though materially strengthened by Mr. Soulé’s letter of introduc- tion, is so very clear and explicit in ite recom- mendations as to require no better explanation than its own words. After beating abont the bueh some time, like » polite highway robber of the Dick Turpin school, desirous of doing the thing in a genteel way, there three distinguished American diplomats plumply come to the point and say, in the event of a refusal to sl) the island of Cuba, that «then hy every tow human and divine, we shall be justified in wresting i from Spain, if we possess the power.” That's cool that’s clear. It is aa cool and clear as the claim of William, the Land Pirate, to the throne of Eag- land, and the way in which be made it good. The whole programme, thereiure, deliberately digested and adopted in the face of the whole world, hy Messrs, Buchanan, Mason and Son!\¢. as the true policy of the United States, wae first to offer to porchase Cuba at a liberal price the distinct understanding ont the part of Lat she past either with pain sell or fight. Sopont'y, it ral forces and Vidaurri’s partisans mey‘te the con-: ‘The Pennsylvania Know Nothing ‘Stete Conven-| =~ eee at Ost’ ad that an offer, however UEC aveyed, would be rejected by Spain in term”, 9 tndignant and offensive as %0 be in thems pegs a casus belli, Thirdly, that war would “ecesserily follow, and that, pending the struggle of Pngland and France with Russia, our congiest ef Cuba would be accomplished and the iskand secured, at the cost, perhaps, of only a million or two, instead of the one hundred and fifty or two hundred millions which would be re- ‘quired by the slow processes of diplomacy and an “honest bargsin. ‘To an administration like that of Mr, Pierce hankering for the honor of acquiring Cuba by bullying or by robbery, and beating about, bere ané there, for a little cheap military glory, it must be admitted that this Ostend manifesto was @ tempting bait. We have every reason to believe, too, that had this bait been left to the discretion of Messrs. Pierce, Forney, and the Kitchen Cabinet, they would have swallowed it whole, and that the answer to this filibustering appeal would have been :—“ Mr. Souls, make to Spin your offer—give her three days to answer it—and if she declines, pack up and come home, and let Messrs. Buchanan and Mason hold them- selves in readiness to follow you.” But Marcy was in the way; and upon all war issues, and all questions involving “a decent respect for the opinions of mankind,’ Marc has had wonderful power, either of persuasion or of fear, over the weaker mind of Mr. Pierce. We are, then, wholly and solely in- debted to Marcy for the rejection of that infa- mous Ostend war policy, and for the preservation, at least to this extent, of the decency, dignity. honor and respectability of this country among the nations of the earth. The reply of Marcy is in his happiest vein when his purpose is the skinning of a refractory subordinate. He is very courteous and guarded in his words; he evidently feels that it is a deli- cate job; but it is also manifest that he feels that the eyes of an intelligent and honest people at home, and of the world abroad, are upon him, and that he must denounce that which the world yld unanimously condemn. He professes not inde id exactly what the Ostend triumvi- re driving at; but he is flatly of the opinion ut the time has gone by, or has not yet come, | ond will not come for some years yet, when we may with impunity repeat the experiment of Lopez. Marcy, too, throws a pail of cold water over the pitiful apology of Mr. Buchanan and his colleagues, that Cuba is indispensable to the safety of the Union, and must be taken by fair means ar by foul; but he does it as modestly as possible. He gives the triumvirs to under- stand that the offer to buy Cuba is not to be made with the robber’s threat, but Joma fide, like one honest man dealing with ancther, and in the event of a refusal to sell, ke modestly thinks, with a sarcastic grin lighting up his broad homely face, that such refusal “would not, without a material change in the condition of the island, involve imminent peril to the ex- istence of our government.” That's good; but he goes further, and actually declares to these filibusters his resolution to try the experiment of keeping this Union together a few years longer without the island of Cuba, for they have botched it beyond redemption. . Thus fel) the Ostend manifesto to the ground. and all hopes of Cuba by honest means, Soulé could not stand such cavalier treatment. He resigned in disgust. How Mr. Buchanan ma- naged to swallow the dose administered by Marey we cannot divine. But, like a bad schoolboy, from the birch of a master well laid on, Mr. Buchanan seems to have been subse- quently under a much better state of discipline than before. He returned to London and be- came as submissive to Marcy as if he had sin- cerely repented of his juvenile folly at Ostend and Aix-la-Chapelie. But we know better, We know that the filivustering democracy of the Southwest at Cincinnati supported Buchanan because of that Ostend manifesto: we know that it was a sugar phim even to the Tammany Fall New York democracy, and we all know that Marcy—the man who has stood through a!) this Pierce administration as the breakwater between the filibusters and e Mlibestering Kitchen Cabinet on the one hand, and a weak and vacillating President on the other—did not receive a solitary vote at Cincinnati for the snccession—net one. He was not the men for these filibusters. He had kept them down with a stvong band and an inon will, and they would not bave him. The head of the Ostend Conference—the venerable gentleman who did not hesitate to place bis name first upon the highwaymen'’s ma- nifesto—has become the great light of the demo cratée party. He wae nominated becauw hi« hands were clean of the work of the Nebraska bill; but they compelled kim to swallow it while they endorsed his piratical policy for Cuba. It is partef the democratic platform, and wil! bx part of che policy of Buchanan's administration, if he be elected. The sume influences which con- trolled him at Ostend, stpporied him at Cincin- nati, manage him now, an& will contro! him hereafter: for Marcy will %e out of the way. Some genial spirit of the Foeney tribe. who looks wid contempt upon all euclf old Jogy notions as international good faith and’ Tair dealing with weak nations as well as with wong ones, will take the place of Marcy, and he coast will be clear. The nomination of Bach aman reverses the judgment of Marey and proclaiwe 0 the world that the Ostend highwaymen’s ntawifesto ie the policy of the demoeratic party. In conelnsion, camsidering the sewrvy treat- ment of Maecy, the memination of Buchanan, his Ostend platferm. the influence of the @libuster- ing Forney over the mind of the Cincienati no- minee, and the general gomposition of the pre- vent damocratic party, we’0 not wonder at this terrible popular uprising for .“remont, nor ehowld we wonder if the reeult. a» , oon a Novessber next, were to be the end of ty.'s spurious demo- eracy of confederate epoilemen and filibusters, of which Mr. Pierce is the foumle.*, Mr. Forney the prime minister and Mr. Buchanan: he anoint- cd end universal legatee. Tur Comprrotier—On an application of Mr. Rhine of the Street Department, a committee was appointed on Monday to investigate the con- of the Comptroller: Mr. Rhine plo dging himself to make good certain charges again t Mr. Flagg. We trust that the committee will not dnet onfine its investigations to any stray points em. nected with the Street Department. The whole vdministration of the Treasury needs investiga- tion. Our taxes have reached the enormous amount of seven million® of dollars, under Mr. Flagg’s management. and public opinion accuses him of having largely helped the increase, He will cavil at a small bill of a few hundred dol lars and put individuals to inconvenience and the city to expense; but the bills which well the tax levy to ite p nomgous figure he wal poy witout bea: Van ge on Newspapers North aud Sonth—The, Werk Herald's Cireulauor ° ™°™ The organs and stump orators of “che demoral- ized democracy, in view of the” regent course of the New York HeRap 0D the Presidential question, are driven to the most desperate tricks and expedients to dar jase its established ant constantly increasing popularity, The most ri- diculous of these paltry devices is the attempt to disparage the claims of this journal to the con- stitutional 2nd conservative masses of the peo- ple, by a silly hue and cry of “abolitionism,” “abolition o1 ” “bought up by the abolition- ists,” &. And, as if this were not burden enough to bear, we are told that, having turned traitor to the South, we are beginning to suffer for it, inasmuch as our Southern subscribers are falling off by thousands every day. Tn answer to all this rid§pulous stuff and rub- bish, we present the following carefully -pre- pared table of the daily circulation of the New York Heratp of Saturday last, in the several States of the Union, North and South, with the suggestive remark that our Souther circulation, so far from having fallen off, has actually in- creased since we opened fire against the Cincin- nati spoilsmen. Here is the table:— CIRCULATION OF DAILY NEW YORK HERALD IN HE UNITED STATES, SATURDAY, AUGUST 2. YREE STATES. SLAVE STATES. Florida Texas Total, slave Btatee.. 2,611 «58,410 en Aggregate 1,02) This exhibit, we suspect, will rather surprise our democratic spoilsmen who have entertained the idea that our support of the constitutional rights of the South has been paid for by South- ern patronage. Our whole daily circulation in the South, (greater now than it has ever been heretofore.) it appears from our subscrip- tion books, as presented in this table, i# about equal to our daily circulation in Connecticut. and less than that of New Jersey by nearly a thousand. One hundred and seventy-six daily subscribers in the great State of Virginia; one hundred and thirty-nine in the fussy State of South Carolina; one hundred and seventy in Georgia, and eighty in Alabama, are certainly no very alarming figures in regard to the loss of Southern support. They are important, how- ever, as proof of the fact, that we have for thirty years and more in the editorial profession, sup- ported, do now support, and shall continue to maintain, the constitutional rights of the South. “without money and without price.” Our prin- ciples are neither bought nor sold, like those of party spoilsmen and party organs. We have ar- rived at an age of the world in which an inde- pendent and popular newspaper wields, in the support of the independent opinions of an inde- pendent people, a power greater than that of party organs, cliques, regencies, conventions or administrations. Time was when Governor Wise, of Virginia, boasted that there was not a newspaper published in his famous Accomac Con- gressional district. There may not be a paper located in that benighted region even at this day; but that does not operate against the influence of the independent press of the North. It is an influence which reaches be- yond the circulatian of the press, and penetrates into every hole and corner of the Union, even among men who cannot read or write. In this way the Hera has rendered, and will continue to render, good service to the constitution and the Union, North and South. But the bulk of our support is here. in this metropolitan city of New York. Here, a paper like the Henaxo, is an institution, a daily necessity to the masees of our business people, and a leading interest in it to them, and its great source of revenue to us, is in our advertising columns, which present, in themselves— ——_—— A map of busy life, ‘With a}] ite fuctoations and ite vast concerns, Take away every Southern subseriber we have, daily and weekly, and their loss in a financial view, would be imperceptible; but take away our liberal cash-down advertisers of this city, of all sects, all nations. all parties, all classes, and we should feel it, instantly and serioudy. But we have no fear of that, while we continue in that in- dependent course upon public affairs which has made this journal what it is, a public favorite, a public organ, a public necessity, a public inatitution. Our daily iesue is now from sixty to seventy thousand copies. We are only limited at seventy thousand from the ineapacity of our fast presses to run off a larger number in seavon for the breakfast table of our fellow citi- zens. ‘We expect, however, in the course of the coming spring to be supplied with two magnifi- cent new presses, which will enable as to supply over a hundred thousand papers where we now stop short.at sixty or seventy thousand ; and we are confident, entirely confident, that the demand will be up to our capacitics of supply, Had we the slightest misgiving we should hesitate in the required expenditure of sixty or seventy thou- sand dollars for this additional working machinery. But as our people will and must have the He- RAL, We are agreed that, to the extent of the facilities of modern ingenuity and enterprise, they #hall have the Heranp. In this general view of the: case, how absurd, how stupid and uttarly preposterous it is to talk of the New York Hensty being ewamped by the loss of its Southern subscribers. No danger of that. We expect to gain a good many Southern subscribers before the end of this campaign, and till more when it is over. In the meantime, we think we can get along pretty comfortably with the Sonihern subscriberswe have and are getting from day to day, as long as our advertisers find it profitable to speak through our columns, and as long as New Jersey, Connecticut and little Rhode Island. and other States, with their addi- tional thousands etand at the back of our New York daily circulation of from forty-eight to sixty thousand copies. Who comes next? Total, free States... 56,410 Total daily circulation in (ree States. Do. do. ip slave States. Persoxan Arracks on Prearoretian Cane paves.—Nothing like the attacks that are being made upon Colonel Fremont bas ever been wit- nessed in this country since the time of General Jackson. The two partisan old fogies who are ranning on the democratic and Know Nothing tickets respectively do not abuse each other; they are very cantious in their language in treat- ing of each others merite; for they know very woll that nelther could bear to have bie record exomined and brought to the light hy a fellow worker of poiltieal iniquity. Bat this new man, ibis Inigalopur- plat presumption It is for Lim tg take the lead of the old hack politicians! How does he dare to distance men who have grown gray in the service of political party? They can’t realize the phenomenon, and in their con- fusion they and their supporters fall to abusing Freeoont. And, as there is nothing in the public life of Fremont that can by any possibility awaken any other feeling but admiration and respect, they turn to his private life, criticise his parentage, his family, his marriage, the baptism of his children, his religion, his business opera- tions, and his private affairs generally, and try to cavil at them. When we commented on the love story which was published as an electioneering document by Mr. Buchanan's friends, they were thrown into a paroxysm of rage; but there is not an act of Col. Fremont’s life which his opponents do not drag before the public and distort with all the malignity of anticipated defeat. Tae Recent Streampoat Disasters—Sream- poar Exarnerrs.—The recent accidents on board the steamers Empire State and the Jobn Jay seem already nearly forgotten. In both cases it is fairly to be inferred that they were owing to the neglect, if not incompetency, of the engineers. In the one case, with a well known defect in a flue, a heavy head of steam was carried, nearly up to*| the limit of the law if the boilers had even been new. It was also a constant practice to permit the steam chamber and chimnies to get so highly heated as ‘to take the life out of them,” ac- cording to the deposition of one of the engineers. In the other case, the boiler flues were so filthy that the draught was choked up, and the flames came out of the furnace instead of going up the smoke pipes. So rapidly has steam power been developed and applied in this country that no attempt has been made to systematize its management. In our workshops our me- chanics are thorough ; on board our steamers they have been trusted almost entirely for their personal experience. It must finally come to this, that the best instructed, best trained en- gineers will shove out all others, and not till then will the public be safe. We will give a brief outline of what the character of a first rate engineer should be, and what should be his duty when im charge of an engine on board a steamer. He should be regularly brought up to the business, and should be a mechanic who can work in metas and in woods, able to manage a lathe, or file at a vice, or hammer at aforge. All these capabilities are continually in demand. He should write a good hand, be expert with figures, and be able to compoee grammatically. He should be a mechanical draughtsman, go that if'a piece of his machinery is broken, when he is at a distance from his repairing shop, he can send such a de- scription as will enable the engine maker to re- place it. Besides this, he should understand the mechanical powers and their appropriate uses, the principles of mechanics generally, and par- ticularly of hydrostatics, hydraulics and pneu- matics, for these are intimately connected with the theory and practice of his profession, and the working af an engine. When we consider what a powerful, what a terrible agent steam is, it is evident that to control it_he should know some- thing also of the principles of heat, of combus- tion, ebullition, and of evaporation, temperature and pressure. Without some knowledge of these subjects no man can ever be a good engineer. One of the reasons why our modifications of steam engines, and particularly of boilers, are such usual failures, is that they are the inventions of unscientific men. But we will suppose the passengers are on board, the captain gives the. word to shove off, the en- gine bell rings, the engine is started, the eccen- tries are geared, and the vessel moves off Almost every stoker is able to start and stop an engine—this is purely mechanical. But the duties of an engineer go beyond this. While the engine is in motion he must be constantly on the lockout, Every moving part must be properly lubricated, the valves and steam joints must be tight, the bolts, pins and keys must not vibrate or get ont of place. None of the working parts must get overheated by friction, as is too fre- quently the case, and the condenser must be kept at a proper temperature, He mast see, too, that the framework remains steady, that no dirt or grit gets into the bearings, and that no oil or grease runs from the bearings down the rods or connections of the engine. The boilers require his unremitting attention. The fires should be regularly fed, regularly stoked and cleaned of the clinkers, the water be kept up to its regular level, the amount of lime produced ascertained from time to time and blown off. and the free action of the safety valves con- stantly maintained. These points well guarded, the engine wil) work smoothly and safely, and an explosion is scarcely possible, if the boilers are of sound gnaterial and without flaws. On entering port, after a voyage, it is a good plan to test the tightness of the stoam valves and the piston, by passing steam through them while at rest. The interior of the machinery should be examined and rectified if necessary. Parts easily corroded should be examined, dried, and, if necessary, painted; the water in the boilers should be blown off, and the furnaces and flues cleared of ashes and soot. Steam leaks should be repaired strongly, as they rapidly corrode and destroy the metal. The boilers should be scaled ; the insides of the steam chests and the roofs of boilers cleansed, dried, and done over with three coats of red lead, and the iron work of the paddle wheels should be scraped, cleaned and kept painted. These are some of the most obvious duties of steamboat engineers, and they cannot be well performed without practical and theoretical knowledge. In order to secure the right kind of talent, the salaries of such persons should be large enough to make the situations as remunera- tive as they are responsible. In the French steamers which ply between this port and Havre the regulations of the vessels are posted up for the imapeotion of the passengers. A New Pian vor Watsune tue Streers.— Yesterday morning a glorious rain storm passed over the city, and washed the streets so delight- fully clean that arumor went abroad that the Street Commissioner had resigned his office. Many a life has been saved by that shower. In connection with the subject we beg to suggest to the city authorities, and to engineers and scien- tifie men the propriety of inquiring whether an artificial rain cannot be produced by some me- chanical process. We have water in abundance on either eide the city: at no point are the houses more than a mile distant from it; and by far the greater portion of the city is within loss than a quarter of a mile of an abundant supply, Why should not steam be used to pump water from the Eart and North rivers in sufficient quantity to give the streets a thorough washing? Jn other weads, why chou'd We net goutrive etatiqnary fir: engines, with hose, of great size and sufficient to flood the whele city ina minutes? To us it seems a mere qi of expense, If it be not quite safe and cious to use salt water for such purposes—a poin| of some doubt—the apparatus might be so trived as to neutralize the properties of th water en route. Such a plan would prevent epi demics, and put an end to fires. THE LATEST NEWS BY MAGNETIC AND PRINTING TELEGRAPHS, The State Elections. ‘MISSOURI. Lovsviiie, August 5, 1856. Blair’s majority over Kennett will reach 1,000, Bentor goes out of St. Louis county about 3,300 ahead, and Polk is 2,000 ahead of Ewing. At Hannibal, Ewing’s majority over Benton is 268; and over Polk, 115, Richmond has gone democratic. In Scott county the democratic gaint are over 500, Wasnincton, August 5, 1856. Private despatches received here say that Blair, fo Congress, has 800 majority in St. Louis city, and 600 it his district, It is algo said that Benton has 1,000 ma Jority in St. Louis over Ewing, the American candidat for Governor, and 6,000 over Polk, the anti-Bento1 candidate. KENTUCKY. Cincinnant, August 5, 1856. Scanty returns from Kentucky this morning favor thi democrats, and the impression prevails that the demo crats have been generally successful throughout thi nae Lovisvitig, August 5, 1856. Barren county, 131 American majority; Owen county Duvall, democratic Judge, 1,100 majority; Harrisos county, 60 democratic majerity; Scott county, 409 demo cratic majority; Fayette, 247 majority for Know Nothin, Sheriff, Iowa. Crvewsnai, Augus: 5, 1856, Davenport, Scott county, 350 republican majority; Mus catipe, about 150 repub! majority; Jackson county 150 republican majority; Des Moines county, 100 repub hean majority. From Washington. THE OFFICE OF PRESIDENT—COLONEL SUMNER'S CON DUCT IN KANSAS—THE CASE OF JUDGY LANDER, O1 WASHINGTON TERRITORY —THE CALIFORN (a, TROU BLES, ETC., ETC. ‘Wastrveton, Aug 5, 1856. Sepator Butler submitted his report and bil to-day providing fr the sucecession to the Presideucy. The ac of 1792 devolves the office firet upon the President pro tom of the Senate, or if there be no such officer,then upon th Spesker of the Houge of Representatives. Shox! eithe of these officers be ineligible on the score o age, or otherwise, or not be in existence, a interregnum would joccur, Judge Butler's. bill pro vides that if there be no President pro tem. ¢ the Senate nor Speaker of the House, or if these officer should be ineligible from any cause, then the Chief Jus tice of the United States shall Succeed to the Presidency in the event of a vacancy ‘n that office and the Vice Pre idency; after the Chief Justice then each of the ciate Justices, according to seniority, to hoid pebert Flectoral College can be assembled. This law important in view of the present opposition of partie and party men, and will be acted on during the session. The Senate parsed several river aud barber bills “s unimportant character. A supplemental bil! for ar appropriations has been submitted in tite Senate, and ri ferred to the Finance Committee, This is an attempt dodge the Army bill which came from the House with th odjous Kansas provision attached. The dodge won't a3 the republicans will add the same proviso, ‘Tho President sent a meseage to the Senate stating voply, to a resolution that no order was issued from (y War Department to any officer commanding in Kansas disperse any unarmed meeting of the people of the T tsry, or prevent them by military power from assemblin From the correspondence transmitted it appears that th Secretary is not satisfied that the circumstances wel such as to justify Col. Sumner in employing military fo to disperse the Assemble at Topeka, and has called upd Lim to commanicate on that point, it not yet fully app ing that the case was one upon which by hie instructio he was authorized to act. The Secreta y of State communicsted to the Sent the papers touching the declaration of mavilal n Washington Territory by Governor Stevens. Jud lander, who was arrested and imprisoned, he whole difficulty was a determination on @ part of the Governor to have certain persons by martial rather than civil Jaw. He thus describes arrest —'‘On Wednesday, at the usual hour, the o was opened at Steilacoom, when a body of armed und a lieutenant, entered the room and were cross the court house, behind the bar and facing Court. Lieut. Col Shaw and Capt. De Lacy accom) Col. Shaw, who then prociaimedjaloud{that he was ord: by Gov. Sievene to stop that court, and ordere:! bis men advance and seize the Judge. The deputy marsba! had ordered to prevent the entry of armed men within ‘ar, Fut not to cause bloodshid. He was forced out ‘the way. | bad requested the gentlemen of the bar, had risen much excited, to keep their sats, and the moment my chair was surrounded by armed men. ter a short delay I was taken, together with Clerk and Recorder, and carried through the countit of Merce and Thurston, in which last county martial law bad then been proclaimed, Olympia, to the oflice of Gov. Stevens. Shere, | wi informed that] was no longer iv custody of the gu On Monday the term of the District Court commenced Olympia. On Tuesday a petition was filed before chambers, stating that seven persons, (aaming were held in confinement at Olympia by overnor vens, under the charge of giving aki and comfort to enemy. The writ of habeas corpus was ixeued, aud turned served by the Marshal.’ Karly on Wi martial law was proclaimed. The Court continued in sion through Wednesday, undisturbed. A rule granted to show (cause why An attachment should iseve, to which no attention wns pald. An attac! wae iecued, and the Marshal returmed that was forcibly resisted by Governor Stevens, this time the same company at Steila‘oom to the building, under their captain. The Marsrad dyrected to keep them out. The door was broken if the officer showing a written order from Governor ‘The room was’filled with armed men. The Deputy C and myself were taken out, marchefl down thg and balted in front of the Governor's office. Here I told if T would hold no more courts while martial law in force I would be released. To this I declined to ac and was immediately marched off to Camp Montgomer: and here am now confined, much unfinished business maining on ths dockets at Olympia and Stejlacoor.'’ The House has been occupied most of the day with Jocal business of the District of Columbia, The G ral Appropriation Bill wes again resumed, and its ex: nation Jed to some bitter sparring bet ween Messrs. D of Indiana, apd Grow, of Pennaylyvanie, Mr, charged Dunn with lagging on the Kansas bil). Dann torted that he would always ing when eflorte were to overthrow the institutions of the country. He Mr. Grow with pocketing @ bill which was calc: ed to give relief and quiet ts Kansas, and bringing forward a piece of patchwork, revolutionary its character. He would hold the wheels of go: fast. When the devil waa engineer, he would stop locomotive. Mr. Dunn offered an amen iment, that ro portion of the money appropriated by the Should be paid until the Misrouri Compromise was Stored. The republicans aimed to gire it ‘upport enough to make up a home but they received an unexpected aid the Democracy, and the amendment was «opted. iN provides for the payment of all the officers of + Overnment, including the two houses of Congress. ihe amendment stands, not a doliar can be pald to one, In taking it Off, the Democrats will call for the aj and noes, and thus force the Repubiicans to record thei votes against their own polisy. The Republicans by of numbers, but the Democrats have the tact and tal Senators Cars and Toombs, and Mesere. Dowdell Branch, Stuart of Maryland, Harris of Tilinois, Orr South Carolina, and Smith of Tennessee, address the moracy of Frederic county, Maryland, on Thursday. Senator Thompeon, of New Jersey, has prepared speech, which he intends to deliver ag soon as he can the floor, claiming that the conquest of California, ot belonging to Fremont, belongs to Commodore Stoe ton. Senator Jones, of Tenneasee, will follow hiaty making the first campaign speech in the Senate for Bus! chapen, 4 ‘The President will probably eend to the Senate today the documente in reply to che call for infopmagion relasipg’