The New York Herald Newspaper, August 4, 1856, Page 4

JAN BS GORDON 6 SDITOR AND PROPRILTOR DFFICE #. W. @ORNEB OF WASd40 AND FULTON OTH, Fry Serery Saker at Oconee Bees owe awe ee ri ¥ CORRESPONDENCE, 4 ad for, bay O68 Fomminn < renee ans RLY REQUESTED TO asa Linrtmas anp Pace: “NO NOTWE taken of anonymous communications We do WHS PRINTING race twith neatnees, cheapness and dea- ADVERTISEMENTS renewed wery day. AMUSEMENTS THIS EVENING. M@IBLO’S GARDEN, Broadway—Suz Sroors 1 ConqusR Tae Ciockaken’s Har. BOWERY THEATRE, PIRATES OF THE Missis- topmi—Pas De Deux by M'tLes. Hemmagpe—Po-ca-non-Tas. ‘WOOD'S MINSTRELS, 444 Broadway—Eraorian Mins- apmsy—Maery Man. BROADWAY ATHEN SUM, 654 Broadway—Daawing Boom Exrexrausagyr by Miss Fanxy Deaxe. DUSSEADORP GALLERY, 4 Sroacway—Vareamis ‘Pasemraseny StarvakT—Misrrepom or Huss, £0. New York, Monday, August 4, 1656. Mails for the Pacific. TEE NEW FORK HERALD—CALIFORNIA EDITION. The Cuited States steamship Illinois, Captain Boggs, will }eave this port to-morrow afternoon, at two o'clock, fer Aspinwall. ‘The mails for California and other parts of the Pacifie, ‘Will close at one o'clock. sword, will be published at eleven o’clock in the morning. Single copies, in wrappers, ready for mailing, sixpence. ‘Agents will please send im their orders as early as pos- idle. ‘The News. The steamship Atlantic, which left Liverpool on Sho 224 ult., is now fully dueatthis port. She brings Sour days |aver Buropean intelligence, including the Aetails of thé iysurzection in Spain which broke out en the 1jth ult. By the report of the City Inspector, which we pab- Mish elsewhere in our columns, it appears that the whole number of deaths in the city during the past week was 746, exhibiting an increase of 115 on the Mortality of the week previous. Diseases of the ‘Drain aud nerves, and of the stomach and digestive organs, are, as usual at this season of the year, the most prevalent. The present is a trying period with children of tender years, as the report abundantly shows. Of the 746 deaths last week, 544 were chil- dren under five years of age. With the exception of ‘the mortality among children, the health of the city was never better. The total number of deaths in the city of Brooklyn last week was 114. The Italian refugees who recently made their ap- pearance at the Mayor's office, asking his interven- tion to compel the Tuscan.and Papal representatives to support them in this country until they could earn their own support, bave had profferred them employment, by one of the Industrial Associations, im the coal mines at Scranton, Penn., the expease of conveying them there, $4 25, to be deducted from their earnings after arrival at the mines. Col. Borbes called at the Mayor's ofllice yesterday, ani mated that the parties were not prepared to accept this or any proposition ntil a response to their application was received from the Tuscan and Papal representatives at present in the United tates. Their preference was to be sent home. ‘The Mayor informed Col. Forbex that as yet be had received no reply to a letter written by himself upon the subject to the Consuls in question. An answer ‘will probably be received in a day or two, when the case of these unfortunates will be disposed of. Capt. tkinson, of the bark Vinus, arrived at this port yesterday, from Caracoa 10th alt., states that ‘the weather was very favorable for making salt. Prices ranged from sixty to seventy cents per barrel. ‘The market was well supplied with American pro- duce. The port was healthy. The cholera was Spreading in the province of Coro, Veuernela, and along the seacoast. Political affaire in Venezuela were perfectly tranquil. The United States transport steamer Fashion, Com. J. M.C. Baker, from Tampa Bay via Charles- tom, arrived at this port yesterday, with the sick and disabled soldiers from the different military posta in Florida, in charge of Lieut. Hartsuff and W. F. Edgar, medical officer. The sick are to be landed at Fort Columbus. The F. did not touch at Key West, as it was reported sickly. She was quaran- tined at Charleston, where she put in for water and goal. The F. left this port in October, 1942, and has ever since been plying ~- Gulf of Mexico. During her absence she has 511,000 miles, or twenty-four times the cireamference of the globe. We publish this morning some additional news from Nicaragua. Among other interesting matters may be found the details of the general election, which resulted in the choice of Gen. Walker by an overwhelming majority, to Gill the office of ehief ma- Bistrate of the republic for the succeeding two years Of the 29,236 votes cast Walker received 15,435; Don Fermin Ferre, present Secretary of State, 4,447 Rivas, the late Provisional President, 667, and Sal var, 2,087. An account of the inauguration ceremo- nies, a liet of the promotions and appointments in army, the result of an assay of Nicaragua gold , and an obituary notice of the late Captain Veeder, formerly of Albany, who died ip June lat, are also given « Elections take place in Iadiana, Iowa, Missouri, Texas and Arkansas to-day. In the Cortland County Superior Coart, recently, the jury rendered a verdict of ten thousand dollars @amages against the New York Central Railroad Company, and in favor of John Vaughan, a young man, who was badly injared by @ collision at the Oneida depot in September, 1953. The plaintiffs Degs were so badly broken, that it was two years be fore he could be removed from the depot building to his hore. The value of foreign goods imported at the port Qf Boston daring the week ending Ist inst. amount @d to £700,249. On Saturday the sales of cotton were limited to bout 300 a 400 bales, scarcely sufficient to test the spirit of the market as to prices. While some brokers claim easier rates, others contend that they are unchanged. Trade in this staple is always inac- tive at this season of the year, a stocks are light while the present month falls between the winding up of the old crop and the introduction of the new. Flour closed dall at the previous day's quotations, with fair sales, inclading parcels for the Con:inent. Wheat was firm, especially for prime ‘and choice lote. Sales were made at fall prices of ound prime Western mixed. Corn sold at 64c.a G5c. for export. Pork was higher, and sales of ‘mone were made at $20 12)—an advance of 26c. per Qerrel. Sugars were firm, with moderate sales, Coffee was in fair demand at prices given in ano- ther column. Freights were rather «tiffer for grain and flour to Liverpoo!, while moderate engagements were made to other European ports generally, and at unchanged rates. A Rep Tlar fF P Heenrs.—-The boobies of the Fillmor m assure ue that with the election of Fremont or Buchanan, Arch bishop Hughes will be empowered to go to Rome to get a red hat. Awful news this, but why go to Rome? Genin can supply a red hat as well as the Pope, and perhaps, a better article, and as red, too, as the reddest hat in the Vatican. Why, then, send the Archbishop to Rome if he wantsa red bat, aud why red? Why not a white baty a Those ardent supporters of Mr. Fillmore who promise the country so much on his accession to the Presidency, and themsev@somuch more, know very well that it will not bring one particle ef reform to the administration of public affairs, however much it may benefit themselves. We already see them parcelling out im advance the offices, jobs and plunder, with all the coolness imaginable—one old fogy in this place, another old fogy in that. The departments all promised to disinterred political mummies tumbled out of their sarcophagi, each with a graia of eld whig wheat in their mouths, to produce an in- crease, for some ten, some fifty and others an hundred fold, to the delight of antiquarians and all curious observers of resuscitation. Some more country editors will be sent abroad, some more village lawyers promoted to seats in the Cabinet, old forms, old abuses, old ideas, will again mark the administration of affairs. It will be a plea- sant time for them all. A little more sleep, a little more slumber, A little more folding of the hands to sleep. Not, however, but that there may be some oc- casional variety. The men who seek to recall Mr. Fillmore to power have a pretty good ac- quaintance with its advantages, even though they are only temporary. The grab game is a pretty quick one. It can be carried on between naps, or when nobody is looking, or when those who should look turn away their heads lest they might become evidence. Mr. Fillmore’s administration was quite distin- guished by bold and dashing attempts on the Treasury, which would have been entirely suc- cessful but for the Argus eyes of the independent press. There was, for example, the famous Gal- phin swindle, an heir loom from Gen. Taylor’s administration, in which his Secretary of the Treasury was implicated and other officials of Mr. Fillmore’s appointment were concerned. Al- though public opinion get its mark upon all the actors in this scene, we never heard of any indig- nation on his part at the well concocted fraud. On the contrary, he no doubt looks pleasantly to Georgia and Ohio for a grateful return for his complagency te old friends in a moment of danger. There was another interesting event which oc- curred during his administration—the Gardiner swindle—in which some of his leading and most estecmed supporters figured largely. Some as counsel, some as bankers, some as agents were mixed up in the business. Large sums of money were received by them ia one shape or other, and so badly was the business concluded, that but little of the money stolen from the Treasury, through the perjuries of the claimant and the skill of his associates, was ever restored. One party only, deemed it necessary, for his honor, to refund his share. And there was still another operation equally on a grand scale, in which Mr. Fillmore was a party, involuntarily we fully believe, and that was the guano speculation, which originated with some of Mr. Webster's immediate friends. The public were first astounded at the generosity of some gentlemen in suddenly presenting him with twenty thousand dollars as a mark of their affection and respect. In a short time afterwards a guano fleet was dispatched from the United States to take possession of some valuable off the coast of Per nd when Peru re and would not permit the sources of her reve- nne to be cut off by the filibustering excremen- talists, it was found that Mr. Fillmore had en- dorsed a geographical fable from the State Depart- ment as authority for the expedition, and had rly brought usinto a warinsupportofit. The nee and the capacity and the attainments of the President were here signally displaye showed conclusively to the public he was atrus guardian of their interests and a profoundly en- lightened and well iaformed statesman! These three memorable examples of his execu- ulness are matters of history, although raphers skip over the chapters in which e recorded. They rest, beside his family misfortunes, mainly on the great negativeness and impacsibility of hischaracter. He isa great rock in the country of the Buffalos, motionless, amor- phous, with a good big shadow, under which his favorites hope to repose while they are plunder- ing all who pass by, Unable to move himself, sunk deep in the sand, a very good foundation for them on which to erect their wigwams, but to those not within its reach, of no earthly account, this boulder is the object of their idolatry, as well as their last hiding place. Whether the people of the United Statce desire to see such a state of things again er one accidental experi- ence of its nonentity, is rather doubtful. It inconceivable that they should be willing to go through another four years of Fillmoreis They evidently did not care about it when elected sach a man in Lis stead as Frau Pierce; and it is also evident that, as his succes sor was not any better, they gladly threw him overboard also, That they should now be weak enough to go back voluntarily to a repetition of either the Fillmore or the Pierce policy is im- It would be a procedure inconsistent with the manly, sagacious and progressive course which marks the American people whenever they interest themselves deeply in their political affairs, On the other hand, they will, beyond all question, tarn their eyes in another direction, clear themselves of the jelerm and flotsam which are impeding their way, and under the constita- tional flag of Fremont, sail safely into port, to the astonishment and eternal grief of the land pirates avd wreckers who have been fattening on the public losses, and would gladly see the national ship rushing upon the rocks and reefs of disunion, tive wal his bi poreible. Heaven ov vue Orry.—Since the Henrarp act itself to work to secare the health of the city, much hoe been done under the goad of public opinion thus excited into action. Our reports of Saturdey, and those of yesterday, from the filthy districts touch worse than we anticipated. But the citizens are becoming vigilant, and we shall soon know the extent of the danger we have to encounter. At firet there wae immense indig- nation from the officials at our course, Other papers, for fear of giving them offence, or losing subscribers, held their peace; but now it turns out we did not expose one-qnarter of the nui- eancee which actually exist. With what face, with what decency, can tne authorities now pre- tend they have performed their appropriate du tie? How much longer are they to humbug the public, who support them in their idleness, and are alused if they complain’ Tee Vier.ascs Comurrrer or Saw Francraco, We publich to-day a communication from Mr. Maloney, one of the exiles from California, ba- nished by the Vigilance Committee. We give it as a part of the history of the wonderful events that have lately transpired on the Pacific side of NEW YORK HERALD, MONDAY, AUGUST 4, 1856. similar statements and letters from correspond: | tered himself. Straightway these love tales | ways been a fighting man: but from statesmen, ents, and the numerowe extracts from the San Francisco papers, already published in the Heaarp, will aid the public in arriving at the truth in this remarkable episode in the career of California. “‘Dereat or Mayor Woop mw THE Syracuse Convention.—The small vote which Mayor Wood obtained in the Syracuse Convention for the nom- ination for Governor has greatly surprised his friends here. They are casting about for the rea- sons and motives which led to so unexpected a result in that body. Our Syracuse correspon- dent gives some insight into the causes which produced this check in the career of Mayor Wood; but we suspect that if a search be instituted more thoroughly, the chief eause will be found to have originated outside of the Empire State. We verily believe from what we see, and hear and from all we can ascertain that John W. Forney, the Oliver le Dain of the Buchanan party is at the bottom of this sudden collapse which has so unexpectedly overtaken Mayor Wood's hopes, Mayor Wood received Mr. Buchanan with some (clat on his return from Europe, and re- newed the personal and political relations with him which had grown out of their association together in Congress. The employés of the Custom House did not then manifest any feeling at the fact: as Pierce was then their candidate for the succession. But the nomina- tion of Buchanan changed the aspect of affairs, It placed Wood in an imposing position, andhad he obtained the nomination for Governor, whether he won or lost the election, he would have been certain to be the _ prinei- cipal adviser of the President, and the chief actor in the distribution of the spoils in this part of the country. This position alarmed Forney and his clique here, who were am- bitious of ruling the roast under the expected Presidency of Mr. Buchanan, The Custom House forces, under the command of John Coch- rane, were therefore thrown into a serious dilem- ma, and, shortly after the nomination of Mr. Bu- chanan were compelled to come under the influ ence of the junta which Forney had created for the distribution of the spoils in this State. Mr. Ccchrane, Mr. Sickles, Mr. Shepard were all pro- bably nominally in favor of Wood; but all the forces under the control of these leaders, when the day came, unfortunately went against the Mayor. The friends of Wood say that they had never placed much confidence in the pledges of Sickles and Cochrane, who, they were satisted, were opposed to Wood's further rise in the party, on the ground that he was ambitious and ew getic, and would want to rule the roast—which conflicted with Forney’s views. Hence arose the total shipwreck of Mr. Wood's hopes in the Con- vention. What effect this singular policy will produce is and election time it were hard to While the democrats at Syracuse are cele- fay. brating the coalition of the hards and softs, if may be that a worse split than the lastis taking place in the party, and will completely sever tlm Custom House interest from the corporation inte- rest before November. It was the poliey of For- ney, leading Pierce im 1853, which led to the great split in the party that year: it may same now, and may lead to terrible scenes before the fall election comes off. But Forney is not satisfied with having accom- plished the defeat of Mayor Wood. He has given directions to throw General Wallbridge over- board in the same way, and no doubt will treat other old democrats who do not suit his purposes in the same summary fashion. Forney r 1 to rule the roast, not only in Pen . but in New York also, especially in so far as the spoils are concerned. The game has com- menced and anew split is being caused in the party that will be worse than that of 1853. Tux Reason Pernars Way Goversor Sitay- nox Resiexep—We make the following extract from a letter published in the Mormon of this city, from one of the Latter Day Saints who has been travelling in Mississippi:— By permission of Pres. Pratt I have travelled ns far Somth ax Carroll county, Mis®., on a viet , tops aud acquaintances, atuong whom | w my way south, in passing through nessee and Misstssippi, I found the people fo intensely ex | cited about the slave question, which give rien to tne Kansoe diffientties, that they bave no time to thine of re Mio: mat i arts of the people at th northern brethrea, 1 will state wht I of a wealthy pianter. There were aby substantial cit.zen: present, when aleading spir them remarked that ac mforting tae abo!) is lets us, we suspect, into the my Gov. Shannon's resignation. He v his scalp. There was a price upon it of a hundred dollars; but when the man for it, the Governor was non es. He had retired to save his scalp. He was out of the Territory Kaneas had become too hot to hold him, and the Mississippi interpreters of ayuatter sovereignty micsed their game. But that allusion to the Pre sident’s ecalp is adding insult to injury. To think of all that Mr. Pierce has done for the cause of free slavecy in Kansas. and then to hear these Missiexippians talk or sending up a com- mittee to take his scalp “ for aiding and comfort- ing the abolitionists.” That chap'sa wag. aad our amiable President ought to send him a lock of hair. Meantime, let Mr. Geary, of Pa., the new Governor of Kansas, look wel! to his sealp, The border rw “from the brown forests of the Massaseeppy.” are on the walk, at the rate of a hundred dollars Pensovat, ATTAcks ow patTrs.—It is amusing to + of many of the mean disreputable papers in the support of Fillmore and Buchanan when the chalice they have been so free in using is carried to their own lip Immediately on the nomina- tion of Col. Fremont, he was assailed in the most malignant manner ond the most outrageous pereonalities were heaped upon him by the lead- ing journals in the interest of Fillmore and Buchanan. The Richmond Lynprirer, for in stance, was not content with villifying Col. Fre- mont in person; hyena-like, it invaded the tombs of bis father and mother, and dug up their re- maine to tear them with unexampled ferocity. The principal Fillmore organ in this part of the country has contatned nothing else for woeks but miserable lies ond landers and nonsense about Col. Fremont, Col. Fremont’s religion, Col. Fre- mont’s family, Col. Fremont’s private affairs, Col. Fremont’s doings. Yet when an independent journal ventures to remark or comment on the developements they have made themselves of the character of their candidates, they rant and fame like maniace ready for the insane asylum. The Boston Vor and the New York News, for instance, both published a romantic story of Mr. Buchanan's early loves, of the sorrowful death scalp, RestpENTIAL Cant es the contortivas ‘ our republi¢. This communication, with other ' gf the Judy and of the danger he encoun- travel through the country—are used by Mr. Buchanan’s friends as electioncering docu- ments, and become a legitimate subject of com- ment for the independent press. But no sooner are they alluded to in the slightest manner than out come all these papers ranting and fuming, and crying out against the wanton invasion of the private sanctuary, of which they had already uncovered all the mysteries, We have had, for many years, some personal acquaintance with and knowledge of Mr. Fill- more and Mr. Buchanan, and we have invariably felt and shown them the respect that is their due. We purpose to make no alteration in this line of policy now. We have never to our knowledge seen Col. Fremont, or had any intercourse with him. We support him, simply because he is the representative of the great movement by which we expect the safety and honor of this country will be secured, and a final term set to the slavery agitation which has been so severe a trial n times past. If the organs of the parties which support Mr. Fillmore and Mr. Buchanan dislike so grievously personal criticisms, why did they not think of this before they opened the floodgates of malevo- lenee upon the fair fame, and the pure character of Col. Fremont? Grorcr Law's Last Worps to Scroggs axp Frimore.—We have received another and pro- bably a parting letter from George Law, purport- ing to be addressed to us, but in reality contain- ing a reply to the famous General Gustavus Adolphus Seroggs—a title which is now generally supposed to be a mere nom de plume or nom de guerre adopted by Millard Fillmore, the candidate of the Know Nothings, at present reposing in Buffalo. Many doubt whether there exists such a person as General Gustavus Adolphus Scroggs. Many believe that no one could live and breathe under such a name. Were such an agglomera- tion of appellations to descend upon any unforta- nate, it would have the effect of a coup de soleil, and extinguish him at onee. It is highly proba- ble, therefore, that General Gustavus Adolphus Seroggs is merely a myth, an] that it really means Mr. Fillmore himself, who hails from Buf- falo. Under this supposition we have no hesita- tion in presenting the letter in question to our readers, and directing their special attention to the heavy, workmanlike blows which Live Oak George deals in it, to the utter demolition of the last struggle, or last rag, of Know Nothingism in the North. The Know Nothing or American party wasa sudden emanation of the popular mind, and if its managers had possessed the slightest good sense or discretion, and nominated some new and original candidate at Philadelphia—some such man, for instance, as George Law—it might be at this moment the greatest, most powerful and most wonderful party that has ever risen to ex- istence in this land. Unfortunately, however, for the success of the new party, all the old and venal Fillmore politicians who had fattened on corruption and plunder for the three years of his administration, jumped into the new movement, took the lead of its original founders and honest supporters, and in less than six months ran it high and dry by the nomination of a man who finished his historical career when he lost the nomination ot the Whig Convention in 1852. To nominate Mr. Fillmore was merely to exhume a dead bedy, and those who perpetrated the act, and who are parading the remains of Mr. Fill- more round the country, ought to be prosecuted as disturbers of the grave—as the violators of the buried remains of imbecility and corraption. In he meanwhile, we invite our readers to peruse le letter of George Law, and to consider it the unereal oration over Know Nothingism and its candidate. Its leading points will be engraved on their tomb in November. Porrricians, Not States: marks the decline in the character of our political men better than some traits which the men ot present figuring on the political stage are ostantly exhibiting. These are traits ‘of folly; and they are to be met with in the conduct i language of the political leaders of every party at present before the public--demo- cat, republican, American, nigger worship- por, nigger driver, Know Nothing—without any exceptions, For instance, it ix not many weeks since Mr. Fillmore declared in this State, on more than one occasion, that in the event of the election of Mr. Fremont the South would not submit; in other words that there would be a revolution, and an immediate dissolution of the Union. Mr. Buchanan has declared that “the very ex- istence of the Union has been threatened” by the slavery discussion, and intimated that Fremont’s success would amount to a sentence of outlawry on one half the confederacy. Mr. Toombs says that “the election of Fremont would be the end of the Union and ought to be.” On the otber hand, Mr. Wendell Phillips is op- poeed to the republicans and Fremont because “they will retard the dissolution of the Unio: the most desirable consummation that in his view can be hoped for. Chevalier Watson Web is ready “to drive beck the Sonth sword in hand.” He laid dowa at the Philadelphia Convention his course of duty in the coming “civil war;” and iben ond there declared that “if the republicans failed at the hatlot box, they would be forced to drive back the slaveocracy with fire and «word.” In the same spirit, Henry Ward Beecher and his friends generously decline “ to levy war or inaugurate a revolution even to relieve Kansas until they have first tried what they can do by vyoting.”” But if this remedy should fail, they will “count the cost of rising in arms and throw- ing off a government worse than that of old King x.—Nothing Meanwhile, the leading Southern journals— not the obscure ones—but such journals as the Charleston Mereury, rejoice over the Sumner out- rage, as “ it will be likely to convince the North of the impossibility of remaining a united coun- From the ravings of these infuriate madmen it is quite refreshing to turn to Col. Fremont, who really seems to be the only sensible man in the Presidential party, for he has said nothing and written but one short letter, very modest and plain spoken in favor of the Union—the whole Union. We should really like to see how some of these fire-eating disunionists would set to work to dis solve the Union, and bring about their revolu- tion. Pehaw! This sort of thing may do well enough for ignorant red republicans from Europe; but the idea of expecting sensible Americans to swallow it is absurd, and the idea of Mr. Fill- more, Mr. Buchanan and Mr. Toombs pretending to believe it is melancholy. One may expect euch rhodomontade from Colonel Wabb, whose perceptions were never clear, and wuo bas al- Nee reer rts and in the United States, He broadly asser stee to wait on the ex it is pitiful. ‘The News from Mexico—The Religious Dis- Republic, cussion itn that . *The question of toleration of religion, which at present has produced some disagreement between the Mexican Congress and government, presents some anomalous features unknown in former con: troversies elsewhere on this exciting topic. It is somewhat singular that in a populous country where there are not « thousand Protestants, and these foreigners, without influence and without much interest in the discussion, a strong native Catholic party should be found advocating the most liberal religious principles. It must be con- fessed that the “ puro” deputies in Congress are actuated only by political considerations in advo- eating toleration, for there is not a Protestant among them, and very few with any strong re- ligious sentiments whatever. The government, on the contrary, in admitting the wisdom of the gradual toleration of religion, seems not to be influenced by fanaticism, but by policy, in oppos- ing the measure. Therefore the question has ceased to be discussed on either side with reli- ious zeal, but only as a political expediency at this time. Both parties to this issue are anxious for immi- gration from abroad in order to people the vast tracts of unoccupied lands in the republic; and both admit that this immigration must be Pro- testant. The deputies contend that without tole- ration no European immigrants will come, and in order to induce them to come religious frce- dom ought to be established. The goverament may not dispute this, but doubt the policy of rushing through so many reforms with such rapidity before the country is prepared for their favorable reception, and especially when such vast changes are just being made in the church and army. and in the other most influential class- es of society, So far, President Comonfort has gone unwonted lengths, and has tried the temper of the nation beyond the point ever heretofore deemed safe. He is now disposed to rest for a while, until the people become reconciled and ac- customed to that which has been done, before further experiments are made. To him it does not appear imperative to declare immediate tole- ration, for as yet it is only a political abstraction, aftording no relief or benefit (o his countrymen. There is no objection to those of other creeds coming to Mexico; there is no religious persecu- tion when they do come; nor are they deprived of any private, civil or political rights on ac- count of their faith. The religious complexion of an individual is no more considered there than the color of his coat. He may be pitied by the ladies for entertaining heresies for which he will surely hereafter be damued; but that is no reason why he should not be made happy while he is on this side of purgatory, and they try to make him contented, The fires of religious zeal have long since been extinguishsd among a people who have ceased to care for the church beyond the obsery- ance of its imposing forms and captivating cere- monies, There was once a time when by heretic was meant a heathen, a savage, ora Turk. But that has passed aws toa synonym with energy, intellect, and intelli- gence in an accomplished foreigner. , until the name has changed Dut the secular clergy object to toleration, and the secular clergy who form the vast body of parish curates have much influence among the villages and cities. They were not affected by the recent spoliation of the church property, for this property belonged to the regular el &c., whom the curates hi can only be fully developed in religious bicker- ings. ings Of the se able to the prejudices of the people. Therefore, it may be well to pause before approving ameasnre in express terms, which may impel the curates to combine with the regular clergy against the go- vernment, and in which they may induce the peo- ple to join, beeause they can perceive no benefit . the monks, tterness which with But toleration of r jon touches the war priest, and may not be agree- to themselves from the reform proposed. The Minister of Foreign Relations, Senor Ros, did not adopt this line of argument in his recent speech in Congress, and, in fact, it would he ditti- culty to state what line he did pursue. His gra- tion is a misstatement of toleration as it is found in England, in France, and other parts of Europe, al that full religious freedom did not exist in any country. The replies from the “ puro” deputies were full, complete and crushing to the Minister. But they were mot aware that he had pushed his fabrications «ill further, in declaring that in the statements he made he spoke for the government, or else he would have been overwhelmed with confusion, Ministers tendered his resignation, avowing that For on the next day, one of the he bad not been authorized to speak for them nor in their names to utter opinions which they did not entertain. The speech of the Minister took the deputies by surprise, as they had no premonitory hints of his intentions. They there- fore adjourned to appoint, in private, a commit- utive for an explanation, which may or may not be able to restore har- mony. In the meantime an agent of the government, a Dutch Jew, is on his way to this country to ob- tain Protestant Germans as colonists for Catholic Mexico, where their religious creed is objection- able. This free and easy combination may not produce a very happy family in religion, but there is not much apprehension of (lat republic soon adding any recruits to the noble army of martyrs. But it is evident there is no established reli- gion, by law, at this time in Mexico. The consti- tution of 1824 declared the Roman Catholic Apostolic to be the religion of the State, and no other should be tolerated. This constitution, however, was abolished in 1852, before the last return of Santa Anna, who promised to make another in its stead, which he did not. He, no doubt, would have reaffirmed the religious article in the constitution of 1824 if he had fulfilled his promice. The next organic law was the plan of Ayutla, in 1854, by Alvarez and Comonfort, in which an article on religion was designedly omit- ted. In the prevent year, President Comonfort proclaimed the “organic statute,” to serve as a temporary constitution until Congress should complete a new one. In the “organic statute,” again, all allusion to religion is intentionally ex- eluded. In the meantime the Chareh is deprived of all its judicial authority and jurisdiction over religious or other offences; and, therefore, there is no Jaw againet any religion, nor any tribunal to punish even a supposed infraction. Protestant worthip has never been molested, and has existed for many years at the mines and eleewhere among the few foreign congregations to be found in the republic, Burial grounds for Protestants can he erected without objection. The decree, of a few lines, to which our correspondent alludes as the only thing still needful, is probably one de- claring marriage to be w vivid voulkagl, Ww be on. tered into before a civil magistrate. At present itis not only a contract but a sacrament, to be solemnized before a priest and between communi- cants of the Romish Church, Ali other marriages are by law made prostitution. Making all mar- riages contracted before a magistrate legal, would render Protestants equal in all respects as regards legal rights and privileges to the Catholics, and, in fact establish religious privileges as fully as they now existin the United States, Croron Warsr.—It appears, from the jndi- cious and well timed report of Mr. Van Sebaick, of the Croton Water Department, that the supply: for the city has greatly diminished during the: hot weather, The shovel and broom depart- ments were quite willing to have their duties performed by the Croton Board, but ihe Board having a wide awake officer at their ‘ead, have shovelled back the filth of the streets ipoa those whose business itis to clear itaway. When we have scarce enough water for ordinary purposes, they have no idea of pouring it out for the bane fit of a set of lazy officials, It would b> a pretly: piece of business to have Water, water, every where, aud nota iro. to drink, —— THE LATEST wewe., ~ BY MAGNE Tt AND PRINTING Tett si) From Washington, THE NEW GOVERNOR OF KANSAS—ELECTIONEERING DOCUMENTS, ETC. Wasittserox, Aug. 3, 1858, Col. Geary has accepted the appointment of Governos of Kansag, and wil proceed theuce as son as his inatyac tions are made out. Tam credibly informed that nothing has been received by our government from Spain tedicating any difficulty: or trouble; therefore al! the teports to that ellect are premature. The Democrati¢ National Committee have sabseribed. for one hundred thousand copier of Senators Pearce and: Pratt’s letter, Reverdy Jobrson is preparing a letier, which will be published next week, declaring for Buchanan. Markets. PROVIDENCE, Aug. 2, 1356. Cotton has been In steady demand dug the part Week, with moderate’ sales at unc! prices Wook Was quiet at former rates. Sales of the week. 71900 Iba, | Printing cloths firm and tending upward. Sales of thee week, 34,500 pieces. Our Philadelphia Correspondence. PHEAveLenta, August 3, 1856, Rain at Last—Denth of a Worthy Citizen. About noon the firmament lowered, and all eyes were cast towards heaven for rain, waichi now falling most copiously, and may it coutinue without intermission until the bowels of the earth are moistened and saturated by its benign influence. Iregret to announce the demise, this morning, of a worthy citizen, E W. Clarke, Feq., ® wealtay banker in South Third street, aged about 55 years. Bis disease wag ling in the throat, which first made {is appesrance: about a morth since, and notwithstanding the aid of the most celebrated —— of this city, he every de grew wor-e, uptil death terminated his sulferiags. fn every relation of life the deceased was unassuming, eo clable, and pone more honorable. A large family and @ wide circle of frieqas and acjuaintances cv plore his loss. Meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Sclence. TO THE ED.TOR OF THE NEW YORK HERALn, ALBANY, Angust 2, 1856. A correspondent writing from this city to the New York Hexaxp, calls public atteution to the fact that the “American Association for the Advance- ment of Science” holds its tenth anuual caeeting ia Albany, beginving on the 20tn inst. The Herap’s correspondent states that the Dnd- ley Observatory, which is aanounced to be dedi- cated at the time of the meeting, iv not ver equipped with astronomical apparatus; and that the State Geological Hall, also to be dedicated, i- not entirely completed, and the vast collections in Nitaral His- tory, belonging to the State, have uot yet been de- posited in their place in the bullding There facts compel the Herauy's correspondent to declare that “this whole affuir is too ha-ty,” and teis troubled with the apprehension chit the vis t of distinguished foreigners ‘will be a ‘auare, so far as the Albany Dudiey Ooservatory is erned.” It will relieve the corresvondeut to k.ow (has his communication bagbeen referred to one distinguish. ed foreigner, (Dr. Peters, of Denmark,) wao is al ready here, and who may Le found taking hia obser- vations at the Dudley Observatory from 5 to 11 or 12 o'clock every night, To the a m, a8 to whether the correspondent’ apprehersions are well founded, Dr. ters replied: “Arstiredly not. No such state of forwardyess will be expected. It is only a few mouthe siuce I attead- ed the dedication of the Meteorological Ooservatory , at Mount Vesuvius, Biewly, built hy poreeeeies, and inaugurated with mucl pomp and cera: » iu which royelty itself participated. So far from tong fully cquipned with apparatus at that time, there ‘was DO tus whatever. Even the doors and | Li work of the building was not com- ted.” In the case of the Dudley Observatory at Al- bany, the building itelf a chaste and elegant edi- fice, crowning a commanding emineoce—will be en- tirely completed, and has been so for pearly two yeurs ; some of the apparatus will be iu iw place; und a8 to the great heliometer, there is uot an astronomer of emirence in the world whe is nut #p- prized of the fact that it will not be completed for ure for one or two years to come. There is no snch astronomer, who has not expreased himself deeply affected at the munificence of Mrs. Dudiey, the fcundress ; at the certainty _ FA iy og combine in one simptnuous repository the an mort briliiont achievementa’ of astronomical me- chanism, whove expectations are-not fixed apon the Dudley Observatory as a ae aud glory of the science, aud who would hesitate to declare that the mere inception ef #0 sublime en enterprise -say the laying of a corner stone-—would |e abundantly worthy of ail the demonstrations which are now Herary's © would have such demonstiations ceterred until these ente: compkted. A collection, ® museum, a never completed. An ‘)beervater founded with a Crystal Palace. receive its finishing stroke by May, fur it ia bly to be taken down ss ber. Hat rary and scientific crea’ are “ not for for all time ;” they are to science, and keep pace Tt will adford stil further relief to. the dent of the Henan, to be informed, that bas been said, the di tuher the Btate Geslogteal Hal onthe Dadley Ob- either ,or servatory. None fae io ons this form. They are invited to annual meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science. To these meetings, peng have been invited before. The é in the invitations now extended is, there two inaugurations are enumerated ings additional tothe re ciation; and that through the enterprize bany Local Committee, thore who accept the invita tion, are d to accept also of free ‘he ocean paseage, both ways, instead their ewn expenses. Humbe te igen, Pamaage the Love the 5 the A and the Argaensen, Earope, vited to join with the limans, the Baches, the our own country; that like ature, they may review jear and post up the ledgers cult to eee with pee proreiety one can associat the word “failure,” with a - ag LS nity and moment, and with so sublime a reckoniv cf the human intellect. A. MeO." Personal Intelligence, Col. John I. George, of New Hampshire, has decting the appointment of Secretary of Minnesota Territory, Letters from Heleingfors state that the Grand Dut Nicholas, Inspector General of Engineers, paid a visit that place, on board the steamer Rurik, on July 25. FL imperial bigbnes# ¢ ovely examined the defences of Swe , apd expecially the new advanced works, which a intended to make \p for apy previous deficiencies, and render access to the points assailed by the allied ress during the bombardment still more perilous, The Gra Duke was accompanied by Gen. Todleben, Prince Ghika returned to Jassy on the Ou of July fre his tour in Sonthern Moldavia, ‘The King of Belgium, the Count of Flanders, and 1 Princess Charlotte returned to Lacken on the eveutig July 10. Almost at the samo time that the Belgian ror family were crossing the water homewards, the Prin Princess and Princess Louisa, of Proesia, travereed fea on their way to Pngland, The Prussian envoy, Ftd cao cape a's Br