The New York Herald Newspaper, May 11, 1856, Page 4

NEW YORK HERALD, SUNDAY, MAY li, 1856. 4 ee ee a ER NEW YORK WERALD. JAMES GOR) ~~ YROPRIE 2ON BENNETT, anne son AND EDITOR, OPTICE NW COB’ os, Op NASSAU AND FULTON O73. nea TERMS, eaeh & THe WEEF SA RALD 3 cme y or copy, 31 prone ay a Fe 2 wenn, the aun extition, $4 per annum, 10 we Petal y set Britain, or $56 any part of the Continent betle FOLUS , faky CORRESf*ONDENCE, containing ined eerally pea for. rts sevicicad from any gw irter of Ure wor’ will be on BE Oy PORKIGN CORRESPONDENTS ARE ff ¥ REQUMETED'? ySpat aut LeITERS 4ND PackaGhs pot ne amin AMUSEMEW (§ TO-MORR)W EVENING. AQAPEMY OP © ogc wonrmeni’ PES —) EMLRAAIDB, ¥ osic—Fonrweenthistres:—Itartan Opens BROADWAY? yearn — Gun Gai—Tewe Review, MIBLO’S @/ Tent Rore—) Bros¢way—Enin 1s Oon Howe on Wags or Winsor, .RDEN, Broadway—Mx, Hexzizk ON THE 4az0iw—Les ABEILLES. aa phere 4 waren Arter JHRATRS, Bowery—Love axp Mrsreny—Tae BUR: "8 TEMEATRE. Ceambers street—Davip Corrs veo te fORZNG AN Herkess Sardinis—Treat ad Commeree—Itiiien Por lietes, Count Cavour it, without doubt, the leadiog statesman of Italy. That was a masterly movement of his which placed his government in alliance with those of France and Eagtand, particularly at a moment when Austria stood aloof, waiting until all parties were tired of the conflict, and ehe might become their arbi- trator and dictator. By thie movement Sardinia gained the good will and sapport of powerfal friends, secured her constitutional position against Austrian intrigues, and made herself the hope and the light of Italy. We must mot forget, however, that among the liberal an@ intelligent men who are a part of her Cabiret, isthe Chevalier Mossi, who for many years resided in this country as the Sardinian Chargé d’Affaires, and is thoroughly well informed on all American subjects. We have no doubt that his experience and information have deen of signal advantage to his country. Aseglio is another of those constitutional Sardinians who is also hopeful for Italy, ana anrious to se- wa bance ok ieee Poon AGH'® THEATRE, Broedway—Tux Howcuasce LAU! 34 KE) INF'S VARISS158, Broadway—Diive, on Bane Nor He jxrs—My Wirn's MikKOR, BRtADWA g VARIETIES, 472 Broadway—Tax Wain BY TE g Woop & Mansi JuyeNux Comedians. WOOD'S > MINSTRELS, 44 Brondway—Ermorian Mis- METLY—Th g Miscniryous MoNKrY. EVPIRE BALL, 896 Brondway—TABLEAUS BY THE CRLE BRATED EY Gon TRovre—sonss, PY MAD, LOVARNY, SC. AMUSEMENTS THIS EVBMING, orry Oescunr EMP (AB HALL, 5% Broadway- SsckeD Ooscent BY THE MOUNT ginvgeR 8iNGrKs OF BARN. ASSEMBLY ROOMS, Srostway—Grawp Sackep Or Vocal AND LYSTRUMENTAL MUSIC. Sew York, Sunday, May 11, 1856. Notice te Advertisers. Y fe are compelled to call the attention of advertisers to @ p necessity of sending in thetr favors at an early hour. ME ne o'clock P. M. is the latest moment we an receiva © mm, aniess they relate to deaths or something equally ® 6 wrgent. If sent in after that honr, advertisements ® mast take ‘heir chance of appearing under their proper Y ads, if they appear at all. We would also urge brevity 3 mall sdverticomerts. The News. _ ‘Phe Ecropean mails brought by the America ‘weached this city at a late hour last night. We give 4m another column, from our files, some further par- ‘ticulars of the proceedings in the British Parlia- Ment relative to the Central American and enlist ment questions. The documents referring to these subjects were to be laid before the houses in a few days. Lord Palmerston was charged with design- ing to delay the production of the correspondence ‘until it became impossible to discuss it. The latest fiaancial reports notice a depression in the funds, mainly attributable to the rumor that a new govern- ment loan of ten million sterling would shortly be announced, in addition to the funding of five mil- Jion in exchequer bills. The decrease in the stock of bullion of the Bank of England was £222,935, and not £1,099,245, as reported by telegraph in our evening edition of yesterday. The steamsbip At. Jantic is now due at this port with European advices to the 30th ult. Our Madrid correspondence gives some interest- ing details of the formidable insurrection which had broken ont in Valencia, and also a further in- stalment of Senor Buenaventura Viyo’s confes- sions, of which we have already several chapters. That portion which we publish to-day gives the text of the treaty projected by Santa Anna for the union of Spain, Mexico and the European Powers in a Jeague, offensive aud defensive, against the United States. We also publish an interesting article, from the Madrid paper Novedades, in reference to the affair of the Black Warrior. The steamship Orizaba left this port yesterday afternoon, for San Juan del Norte. She took out about fifty recruits for Gen. Walker's army. Our special despatch from Washiugton states that quite a flare-up occurred in the Cabinet yester- day between the President and Secretary Marcy, with regard to Nicaraguan effairs. It is said that the premier threatens to resign if Gen. Walker's government is recognized. Itis no difficult matter to conjecture the course the Presideat will pursue in such an emergency. The House of Representatives met yesterday, it being the first Saturday session since the org: 7 tion of the present Congress. Several genti availed themselves of the opportunity to detin positions on the slavery question and other politic: topics. The occasion must have been an exceeding ly tiresome one, and it is astonishing to observe the endurance our Congiessmen possess. Elsewhere we give a verbatim report of the le ture delivered by Mayor Wood, at Richmond, Va., on Friday eveniog, on the “ Life, Character, Genius and Public Services of Alexander Hamilton.” It will no doubt be extensiv ead. The left wing of the Board of Supervisors, which was adjourned from Friday to Saturday, did not meet last evening, only three members being pre- sent; and those three—Messrs. Clancy, Steers aud Varian—resolved to ‘* assemble” again on Monday. We have now hed five days of almost continuous rain, and an immense quantity must have fallen daring that time. The wind was easterly, and no doubt some damage must have been done the ship- ping along the coast. This rain will have an excel lent effect on our young crops, and is worth at least a million of dollars to the farmers in the vicinity of New York. It looked like clearing up last night» Dut the weather is very uncertain, and we won't venture to prophecy anything about it. The city is in a shocking condition with mud and slush. According to the City Inspector's report, there were 364 deaths in the city during the past week viz.:—66 men, 58 women, 134 boys and 106 girls, showing an increase of 21 on the mortality of the week previous. Of the whole number, 4 died of apoplexy, 7 of bronchitis, 6 of congestion of the lungs, 47 of consumption, 16 of inflammation of the lungs, 10 of congestion of the brain, 15 of dropsy in the head, 8 of inflammation of the brain, 4 of diarrhea, 4 of inflammation of the bowels, 7 of disease of the heart, 18 of smallpox, 30 of scarlet fever, 10 of other fevers, 29 of con- vulsions (infantile), 10 of croup, 4 of whosping cough, 17 of marasmus (infantile), 2 of measles and 5 of inflammation of the heart. There were also 10 premature births, 92 of still n, and deaths from violent cau lere were deaths in the various public institutio lowing is the classification of diseases &c., 1; brain and nerves, 7 heart and blood vessels, 15; lungs, throat, ¢ skin, &e., and eruptive fevers, 51; stillborn and y mature births, 42; stomach, bowels and other diges tive organs uncertain seat and general fevers, 26; urinary organs, 6; old age, 3; unknown, 10, ‘The nativity table gives 273 natives of the United States, 42 of Irela: of Germany, 8 of England 3 of Scotland, 1 of France, 2 of Switzerland, | of Wales, | of Italy, and 6 unknown, was firm yesterday, at about mt 2S c. for middling up Le nds. Flour was heavy, eape- cially for common and m , and the turn of the market ed in favor of buyers. Sales of common Canadian white wheat we $1 46, and a cargo of damaged Southe posed to have been at about Prime wa scarce. Corn was dull for inferior lots, while da fe., and at 60) mnaidera Prim ern white sold at 5 Jersey sound yellow shipping lots of yellow and white we pork was higher. It closed firm at $18 37}. and the 2 of the market was p acarce and firm #18 r of sell b moderate engagements. Sugars were | cure its unity and independence. The ad- yancing condition of the Piedmontese may be understood when we state that they have par- liamentery representation, a free press, tolera- tion of religion, and.great commercial and in- dustrial activity. The only difference between these men and the Italian democrats is, that while both de- sire regeneration, the former seek to effect it by measures sure, if slow, and probably to ob- tain the permanent result of making Piedmont the head of the new Italian nation. There is another party which desires a federal organ- ization of the Italian States. The one idea of freedom and nationality pervades all these, and so far there are unity end friendship. Ino the way of the success of these ideas is the Austrian policy and the Papal power, both of these firmly ellied by the concordat. What- ever may be the tendency of the Romish creed where it ie separated from the secular power, there iano doubt whatever that the “ civil g> vernment of its ecclesiastics” is the worst a the world. Where the ruler combines in hie- self unresiated political and spiritual authori- ty, every sentiment of honor or trath, every teeling of independence in the people, may be “crushed out.” It was impossible even for Pio Nino to take a single step towards consti- tutional liberty without losing his keys; and now both he and his priests find that their only hope of permanence is in their opposition to toleration and individual freedom; and the lozses which the church has sustained by the growth of these principles in Piedmont, and which seem likely to increase with every day’s discussion, have caused it the direst forehodings and the most profound alarm. It is a very general opinion in Italy that the power of the Pope must be desecularized be- fore freedom can be secured to the people; and this is an old idea, In 1849 there was published in Paris an extract from an ancient French prophecy, which would seem to be near its accomplishment. It, among other things, declared that after ‘des querrelles trés-vives entre les puissances allives deU Est, du Nord,” there should arise a chief of the church, of great piety an: learning, under whom it would recover its pri- mitive purity and simplicity, aud that “ou verra le Pape tous les autres dignitaires ecclesias- tiques dépouillés de toute pompe mondaine et de toute uridisction temporelle et vivre comme vivatt ancienne ment ‘out le clergé suivant la discipline primitive.” This prediction, which despoils the Pope and his ecclesiastics of all worldly pomp and a'l temporal jurisdiction, would be welcomed ia its fulfilment by all the sensible and educated people of the Italian States. But neither the Neapolitans nor Lombardise can make head- way, even though public opinion and aati- Roman tendencies are on their side, as long as Austrian muekets are pointed at the heads of Italian parents and G-r- man echool beoks are forced into the hands of Itelian children. France may prefer to have a Murat upon an Italian throne, but Eag- land will favor the liberal ascendency of Pied- mont. To us across the water, the only aspects in which the question presents itself are those which favor the general principles of freedo a and the extension of commerce. The kingdom of Sardinia, composed of Pied Mmont and the island after which it is named, has @ population of about five millions, and an area of about thirty thousand square miles. The continental part, or Piedmont, consists of the upper basin of the Po and its afluents, by which it ie wellirrigated. Savoy (restored by the treaty of 1815) is a poor, hilly country, and the districts of Genoa and Nice, hilly a+! rocky, are only fertile on their soutier. slopes. The island of Sardinia is naturally fertile, but isin a rude and uncultivated con- dition. In the interior, horses are found in a wild state. There is a small excess of corn raised, which is exported to the exteut of five hundred thousand bushels in good seasons. Olive oil, barilla, wool, wine and skins are also exported, and the coral and tunny fisheries, so graphically described by come recent travellers, are very valuable. But it is from Genoa that the commerce of the State makes its chief exodus; and though its population (about 120,000) is mot so gre as formerly, yet it is actively engaged in au extensive foreign commerce. Its chief buei- ness relations are with England, France. Aus- tria, Naples, Sicily, Russia on the Black & the Levant, Brazil and the United States: and most of its foreign trade ie carried on under the national flag. The foreign trade of Switz- erland passes almost entirely through Genoa, fostered Ly the abolition of transit duties, by low charges on consumption, and the establizh- mcnt of bonded warehouses, Three thousand vessels enter this port annually, but the yearly value of the exports is only about twelve millions of dollars. The importa are about twenty millions, consisting of corn aad raw silk from Sicily; iron and naval stores from the Baltic ; linen and euileloth from Germany ; lead, hardware, tin and cotton cloth from Eag- land ; wool from Spain ; fi otton, spirits and cotton goods from the L States. We regrat to say that latterly the Sardinian goveramant has increased its dulies upon its imports of woollens, cottons and iron. The two former ticles are taxed not by measure but hy | weight. ¢ Chevalier Mossi exerciee4 g the time jousasCharg d°Affa! a func a, he took great aing to increase the existing commerce b country and oure. He examined par. i the feasibility of shipping A meri- Tarin, and tehed as ofa mers between Genoa and New York, ed bya houve in this and a banking housein tnat city. ristié Were Obtained tr the Novelty Worke, which wer, Quty ferward- e@, The compaaty actraily obtained a grant from the Sardinian government of a monopoly Yor a term of ye*re, and asmall subvention in addition to tho mail contract. A pretty large eum wae sv'oscribed for the company in Genoa; but it fell through under the idle fears of the Azserican projectors, of a threatened op- porition, and the conduct of an agent abroai. The same contract and advantages are still ‘open to American enterprise, and the suto- graph letters of Count Cavour are preserved by his former correspondents in preof of the enlightened liberality he has displayed on that as on al} similar occasions, At the late Paris Conference, it is under- stood an eloquent memoir on the condition of Italy was presented by the Count, and that it epoke out plainly in favor of the reconstrac- tion of the Roman government, demanded guarantees for a just administration in Naples, that Lombardy and Venice should be separated from the Austrian empire, and hinted that a customs union was necessary to Italian nation- ality and commerce. Ifour administration is not too much occa- pied with Cincinnati and the next Presidency, perbape it will find we require its ablest diplo- macy to secure tous a fair share of the reviv- ing Italian commerce, under a new and libaral reorganization of the Italian States. Rallways and Canals of Canada. - Considering that it has a population of only three millions, scattered from Labrador to Lake Superior, over @ domain of upwards of one hundred and sixty million acres of land Canada has exhibited a commendable enter- price in the prosecution of internal improve- ments. Her canals, rendering it possible for lake vessels to proceed to sea via the St. Law- rence without transhipment of cargo, have thus far proved a far greater convenience to her neighbors than of profit to herself, Her Grand Trauk scheme of railways, badly con- ceived, indirect competition with a great water route, and miserably managed by the English contractors, who were ignorant alike of the country, its soil, its climate and ils population, we have had occasion to remark upon, and to speak of its probable future value to the Pro- vince, on various occasions, It is not our in- tention to consider either of these branches more minutely in the present article. We pro- pose merely to glance at the rapid growth of the trade of Canada with the United States, and in the estimation of its fature value to notice some new railway improvements which are just being brought before the Canadian Parliament. In 1851 our trade with Canada amounted in the aggregate to less that $13,000,000, about 9,000,000 of which were exports and 4,000,000 were imports. In 1855, under the influence of the reciprozity measures, this trade had ia- creased to about $31,000,000, the balance stilt being largely in our favor. With these facts before us, we can, of course, no longer view with indifference any enterprises which may be projected in Canada with a view to the develope- ment of trade. In all her finished improvements thus far, just to the extent that their direction hes tended to a connection with the system of internal improvements on this side the line, have they been successful, and where there has been a contrary tendency they have proved losing speculations to the par- ties owning them. This fact is seen and acknowledged by the leading statesmen of Canada, and hence we see such men as the Hon. John Young, of Montreal, advocating the construction of the Caughnewaga Canal, connecting the St Lawrence with Lake Champlain. He knows that the only method of obtaining the business of the West for Mont- real is to attract it to that point by offering a cheap route to New York, and, having in- duced it to pass near their doors, to detain what they can of it. The enlargement of the locks of the Welland Canal, and the construc- tion of the Caughnewaga, would permit the largest lake craft to reach Whitehall without breaking bulk. The enlargement of our Champlain Canal, which would epeedily fol- low such an event, would insure the passage of lake propellers, from the Superior mines and all the lake ports, to New York, to dis charge at our docks. The voyage could alzo be made in two to five days less time than via the State canals from Buffalo and Oswego, It will have been observed by our tele graphic advices from Toronto that a new line is talked of, connecting Georgian Bay with ; Montreal and Quebec, via the valleys of the Ottawa and St. Lawrence rivers, but adhering to the northern shore of the latterriver. We have observed with interest the management of the Canadian crown lands, by the preseat able Commissioner, the Hon. Joseph Canchon, who is stated to be the originator of the pre- eent project. He has adopted, as far as possi- ble in Canada, the land system of this coun- try, and has ordered such surveys as were necessary to bring the crown lands into notice, with the hope and intention of attracting emi- gration. But he has probably ascertained that, however good Canada lands may be—and some of them are of the highest value—they cannot, without the fame means of intercommunication, com- pete with our Western lands in the eye of the emigrant. We suppose itis for this reason that he has determined to racommesd the | charter of the above lines of road, with the grent of three millions acres of lands in aid of their construction. And why not? Has not this plan succeeded in central Illinois, in set- ling a country which would have been ayoid- ed by the emigrant during the next ten years, in the absence of such aroad asthe Central? | And besides, the road, if prudently managed, promises to pay. If we apply the test of di- rection to Mr. Cauchon’s project, it will pay, atleast as far as Montreal; and when we con- sider the great difference in its favor in lengih from Montreal to Quebec, as compared with the Grand Trunk line on the southern side, there is but little reason to suppose that this portion of it will not pay also. It will con- | neot the two largeet cities in Canada, couuting | together over 100,000 inhabitants, hy a line | only one hundred and fifty-six miles in Jength, | Theremainder of the line from Montreal via the Ottawa valley, passing through Bytown, , Otiawa city, Amprior and Pembioke to Geor gian Bay, iain almost a direct line to Lake & perior, and being only three hundred jniles in length, through a magni at valley—one of the best and most productive timber onsin | the world—it will offer by far the sat and | | mostepeedy route of travel from New York to | Lake Superior and Minnesota, Mr. Cauchen ie right about this matter. | It | be safely landed in New York: a delightfal | might be taken to Niagara, and there sarren er t6 grant Iande than to pay interest | on debentures, with a feir t of hereat- ter paying the principel, Let him give the lands, and ¢ee that the roads lead in the Fight direction, and his efforts in behalf of hie coun- try will be attested by her prosperity. Let | the Commissioner’s bill pass. Visit of Queen Victoria to Canada and the | United States. Mr. John Hilliard Cameron, of Canada, has propoeed that the Qaeen of Great Britain be invited to visit her dominions in Canada. The idea is not original. Soon after the union of the two Canadas in 1841, it was suggested that the Queen ought to visit her North American colo- nies, and that such a courtesy would tend to eoothe the sore feelings of the people. Ate later period, four or five years ago, the notion was revived; but nothing came of it, Mr. Ca- meron now renews the proposal with enhanced authority and weight. The great objections to the Queen’s going to Canada are the difficult navigation of the St. Lawrence, the unentertaining character of the country, and the astonishing inconvenience of the Canadian climate. If she sailed up the St. Lawrence in a large veseel, she would ran great risk of remaining a day or two aground on the shallows below Quebec, independently ot the chance of shipwreck in the dangerous Gulf. She would have to time her visit to a week; in June winter has not passed away; in Augusta torrid heat scorches the face of na- ture; and by the close of September a cold autumn has set in. And these inconveniences and dangers would be undergone for the sake of seeing a country which, though very inte- resting to the farmer and political economiss, is really rather dull to the average traveller. When Quebec and the Thousand Isles have been “done,” Canada may be scored out of the handbook. Nothing remains but a big river, big lakes, big forests, big rocke, and no end of pine stumps. Surely in auch a case U’enjeu n’en vaut pas la chandelle, But what prevents the Queen from visiting the United States, and passing over to see what is worth seeing in Canada? She has been twice to France and once to Belgium. The interests of the French and Belgians in her dominions, and those of her subjects in France and Belgium, are trifling in comperison with the commingled interests of English and Americans, Much as the British government is abused at times in this country, and well as, we venture to add, it generally deserves it, we have yet to see the first word printed or hear the firat word spoken against her Majesty. Itis understood here that Queen Victoria is @ lady of domestic virtues, irre- proachable conduct, and rare judgment and discretion. This is the impression o/ all classes; of the Bowery boy as well as the New Eagland clergyman; of the Western farmer es well as the Southern planter. And we greatly mistake the hospitable and courteous feeliags of the American people if they would not extend to such a visiter a welcome more hearty and splendid than any she could meet with in any kingdom abroad. Nor would such a visit be merely sugges:ive of evanescent civilities. There are and always have been, as Mr. Buchanan said, a cloud of unsettled questions pending between the two countries; these questions might easily be set- tled if they were pending between the United States and any petty Power, or Eagland and any petty Power; but between two such rivals asthe two Anglo-Saxon nations, they have naturally been embittered and aggravat- ed and made the worst of, partly through the jealousy of the popular mind, and partly through the knavery of politicians. Just at present there are several of this class of ques- tions in agitation; one or two of them of very serious import. Now, one of the very best ways of settling these amicably is to produce, by some means or other, an era of good feel- ing between the two peoples; and hardly any- thing would conduce to that event so rapidly or 80 directly asa visit of the Queen to the United States. In the manly good hearted- ness which would follow, the Central Ameri- can difficulty might be clossd up in an after- noon: and all the others might be disposed of as rapidly. Nor would it be of less use to the country— in view of fature difficulties arising --that the Queen ehould see America, and judge for her- self of the working of our institutions and the developement of the great nation which has sprung out of the British people. Still more valuable would be the journey to her sons. It is impossible to judge of America or of de- mocracy without having seen them. Books convey no idea at all, newspapers, with an exception here and there, an imperfect one, of the real state of things. The naked eye is the only guide worth reliance. Tae late King of England, William the Fourth, was fond of making speeches in convivial moments, and eaying thet there was but one thing he regretted on looking back at his past life; that was that he had not been born an American. He had seen the country in his youth. It is hardly to be questioned but that the feeling which he thus emphatically ex- preased would have saved the world from the scandalous spectacle of a war between the United States and Great Britain, had such « calamity threatened in his reign, Nor would the same seed produce different fruits now. One or more of Queen Victoria’s sons will in all probability sit upon the Britieh throne. [¢ may prove an excellent thing for the United States and the world if these young mea ara taught before they are crowned that a repub- lican ia not necessarily a blood thirsty revolu- tionist, and that a man may love real liberty without coveting his neighbor’s house. In fine, we will take upon us to say that the country would receive the British Qaeen with all honor and the éclat due to her station as the head of the British empire. Louis Philippe —s0 the story goes—when he entertained the Queen at Eu, put his servants on board wages, remarking that the English would not fail to make them liberal presents. We could try how far a republic could discharge the duties of hospitality. We could send the Adriatic for her majesty, and eecort her with two of our new war steamships, In eight days, she would voyage to one so fond of the sea as herself, The Metropolitan or St. Nicholas or the Cla- rendon might be fitted up for her reception, and rerigned entirely to her suite, A first clacs inland steamer—euch a boat for instante as the Commonwealth—might be placed at her disposal to show her the Mudgona, to take ber to Philadelphia, to Waehington and round the coast. When she had seen all hers, she G¢#6 tuto the hans of the Canadians, to be Dturned@, at the line near Richmond, when she bad visited her province. The whole trip need not occupy over six weeks, exclusive of the ocean passages; it would be interesting: novel and instructive to the Queen and her family; they should want for nothing that money could procure; and the national debt of England would not be increased one far- thing by the journey. BY MAGNETIC AND PRINTING TELEGRAPHS, Interesting From Washington. FLARE-UP IN THE CABINET ON NICARAGUAN AFFAIRS —MARCY THREATENS TO RETIRE TO PRIVATE LIFE —PADRE VIJIL—MR. BUCHANAN ON THE CENTRAL AMERICAN QUESTION--MR. CLINGMAN’S PROPOSI- TION— SENATOR TOOMBS ON THE NAVAL BOARD— MB. FILLMORE--MORE TERRITORY TO BE BOUGHT FROM MEXIOO, ETC., ETC. Wasmvton, May 10, 1856. 1am informed by high authori:y that s fierce war is now going on in the Cabinet, with reference to Central American affairs. Mr. Marcy to-day intimated to Gen. Pierce, in Cabinet counell, that if he chose to recognise Walker’s government by receiving Padre Vijil, he was | ready to retire to private life, Tais announcement canced considerable emotion. The matter was fically postponed, acd the President immediately consulted a number of Senatorsz—among others Gen. Cass—asto what course he should purpurene. My informant says the matter still hangs fire, but he believes that Gen. Pierce will take the responsibility, and let Marcy ‘ slide,” if he chooses, Father Vijil, the new Envoy from Nicaragua, has not yet askedto be recognized. He isa Roman Catholic, of course, but the church in Nicaragua iain a state of cou- tomacy towards the Pope. I think it’safeto say that Marey hss overruled the Cabinet and the President, and that nothing will be done about the Central American difficulties at present. It ia understood that Mr. A. B. Corwine, Consul at Panama, under Mr. Fillmore, has been appoi.ited Special Commissioner, to report to the Siate Department ofli- clally, relative to the late outrage on the Isthmus. Lunderstand that the President desires to see Mr. Buchanan personally before takiug steps ia regard to Crampton. This, I think I can assure you, is the maia cause of the delay in regard to the Minister of A. B, M. Marcy and Buchanan differ widely on the Caba and Central American questions, Buchanan disap- proved of the Greytown affair, sided with Soulé and Maron on the Cuba question, and sympathises with Walker and favors the recognition of Nicaragua. With such record Mr. Marcy has no use for him, aad ne- turally disapproves of the President acting in these mat- ters under his (Buchanan’s) ruggestion. Mr. Clingman has come out in # regolation giving the President tull power to make war on New Granade, bat the President will not interfere in any of these matters until he understands definitely the sentiment of the South. The question is, is that sentiment represented by Builer of S, C., or Soul cof Louisiaza. Mr. Toombs comes forward in the Senate with an amendment to the act constituting the Naval Board. Mr, ‘Tootabs simply proposes that the President shall convene a Court of Inquiry, to which all the officers who have been victimized by the Board shall have the right to ap- Peal and be heard, and this Court of Inquiry shall have power to reverse the desisions of the Naval Bsard. Tae Court shall be composed of officers who have no ixterest in the matters they try. Mr. Fillmore has written a letter fishing for the stra’ght whig nomination. He will not return to the United States before the election. Gen. Gadsden has sgain brought forward an applica. tion for the purchase of more territory from Mexico. It is aid here that he more fitly represents certain specu- lators in New York and New Orleans than the United States at large. Congress will probably call for some information on the subject. In the meantime it seems probable that the American claimants of the Santa Auna money will get it. A portion of the foreign mail was received t>-dsy at the State Department, but nothing defin te is known aa to the purport of tke news. Mr. Crampton manifests a psr- fect indifference as to what our government will do. He stated to-day toa gentleman tha! his governuent would not recall him. Upwards of twenty leading Mexicans arrived to-day, and are stcppicg at Willfard’s, among whom are Mar‘inez cel Rio, José de Ansoalegasi and Jos de Garay, of the Geray grant. It is understood they have come on mportant business in connection with thst distracted country. The Union this morning gives a semi-official contradic tion to the reports relative to the steamer Merrimac. Her machinery has been pronounced eminently euc cessful. General James, as was briefly stated in a despatch, yesterday reported « bili, by the unantmous consent of the Senate, relative to patents. We understand that the committee, after closely investigating the subject, sud- mitted the bill to the scrutiny of the Commissioner of Patents acd several of the Judges of the Sapreme Court, under whore advice it was perfected and presented to the Senate. Its object is to protect the publison the one hand against the oppressive use of iavalid patents, and the really meritorious inventor from the piracies of disaonest infringers. It is held that many patents are now invalid, and yet the public submit to them rather the: insur the cost ef litigation. Under this bill patents may be repeat- edonce for all, and the public then be relieved, Now, itis acsumed, thousands of patents are issued, whish, being of no value themcelves, staad in the way of really valuable inventions. Under this ast all such patents wili go out of existence in fve years, and thus cease to b'osk the way of othera more valuable. Patents, under the existing law, are ex- tended to twenty-one yeats by the Commissioner of Patents, and sometimes Congress ia applied to for fur- ther extension, Under tae proposed bill all patents are issued for five years in the first place, and may then be extended fifteen years more, at the option of the patentes —in all, twenty years—af.er which no ex‘ension cin bs had, thus relfeving the Commissioner and Congress from the vexation of applications. Inorder to finally settle the quetion of extensions, and to deal equally with all inventors, all patents now in existence ara placed upon the same platform as thove to be granted under the dill, and subject to the same procers of repeal by any one who mnay be injured by them. Under the present law uo pa- tent {* allowed for inventions produced in another coun- try, iu consequenee of which foreign improvements find their way very slowly here; but the proposed bill allows A seven years’ patent to tho introduser of a foreign in- veution. This, it is thougat, will afford Ancricans suffi- tient inducement to go abroad and require a knowledge of secret aris which now give foreign countries great ad- vantages cver us in manufacturing. ‘The report of the o>mmittee is unanimous, and every rection of the Union is repierentei in it, as follows:— Messrs. James, Rhode Island; Fessenden, Maine; Fvane, South Carolina; Thompson, Kentucky; Brown, Miss'asip- Pi; ond Stuart, Michigan, The noticeable feature in the House, on Thursday, was the cebate on the Deficiency bill, in which Giddings and Campbell, of Ohio, (nigger worshippers) took prominent part, Giddings assailed Campbell with the evideat in- tention to break him down at home, because, a4 Chair man of the Committee of Ways and Means, he hai re- ported a bill in which $27,000 was provided to pay ex- penses incurred in the Southern district ot Ohio, by the United States Marshal, in the repdition of a fagitive tlave, Campbell retorted by stating that he was ready, ‘a8 an individual and as Chairmen of the Ways and Means Commitiee, to carry out all the laws passed by Congress, and showing by the record that the abolitionist Giddings, whore vigilance is so keen on behalf of negzoes, had him- seif voted for the bill which appropriated over $50,000 for expenses incurred in the rendition of Anthony Burns from Boston to slavery, The retort was overwhelming and complete. The truth ie, the abolitionists have made en attempt to politically kili Campbell, who they have found will not g> far enough for them, The Sound dues question is under divcussion in the Se- nate, There are doubts entertained whether, at this moment, any treaty in reality exists between ths two governments. Denmark has the right to decide this question, as she may think advantageous to her interests, The President’s notice that treaty relations between the two governments should terminate on a cortain named day, ifthe amendments to the fame, as nained by him were not allowed by Denmark, gives to this Powor a right to decide the existence or non-existence of a treaty with the Uni‘ed States, ae she may think proper. Den- mark can jastly claim further right, ehonld the Prost dent now notify her of haviag reirasted the pravions no- fice, to insist upon the setement of the Sound dues qnes- tion, according to prior notice, and decision by the would terd to fresh excilémént and havaugues om thie 1128 of the water, in the mecting of a new Congress, to the annoyance, if not injury, to Denmark. A decirion, ‘therefore, in some form or other, of thie question would seem at this moment to be called for, Mayor Wood, of New York, arrived {this evening, and has taken a parlor at Willard’s hotel. He isa good deal of a lion in thie latitude, and has beea called on by a large number of gentlemen, including the high funetlonaries of the goreroment. Reverdy Johnson has been retained as counsel by the friends of the unfortunate individual who was ebot by Mr. Herbeit. WHERTY-FOUKTS CONGRESS, FIRST GESSION. House of Representatives. ‘Wastinaton, Mey 10, 1866, To-day’s is the Arst Saturday seesion tiace the or- ganization of the House. The roll call showed but 137 membere !n eitendance; ut more afterwards came in, and an wunevccess’al me tion was made to adjourn. THR SLAVERY QUESTION. Mr.-Four, (K.N.) of Pa., dsfined his position, past? snd prerent, on the slavery question, avowiog broad na- tional principles, and stigmatizing as forgeries certain. ublications attributing to him extreme Northern views’ He exposed what he characterized as the marked incon- sistencies of Mr. Buobaran, and referred to dosuments to show that prominent Pegusy! is democrats—some of seers celegates to Cinci were tainted with free Mr, Fou, (nigger worshipper) of Fa explained why he ceased veting for Mr. tes Speaker. He said it was because he hed made « mistake in believing Mr. Ful- ler an good an anti-Nebrarka man as Mr, Banks, Mr. Joxrs, (dem.) of Pa., gave notice of his satention, to zep'y to the speech of Mr. Tuller. Mr. Jonxs, (dem.) of Tonn,, baving published in his Jate circular to his constituents certain remarks ogeiaes slavery attributed to Mr. Fuler, and which Mr. Faller denounced to-day as forgeries. interrogated the latter concerning the sen\imenta therein expressed. Mr. Jonas did not declare himself satisfied with the response of Mr. Fuller, éjourned, Arrival of the Camel Ship Supply. : Barrmore, May 10, 1856. The United States ship Supply, with the eamels con- tracted for by government for military service, arrived off Saluda, Texas, on the 30th ult. Arrival of the Augusta‘at Savannah, SAVANNAH, May 10, 1866, The United States mail steamship Augusta has arrived at this port in sixty hours from New York, Markets. PHILADELPHIA STOCK BOARD. PuLapeteria, May 10, 1856, Biacks are dull. Penssylvais Sy 891; ‘Heading Railroad, 4434; Long Island, 1334; Morris Canal, 133; Pennsylvania Railroad, 4434. Aunany, May 10, 1856. Sales to-day 1,800 barrels flour at fall ratee, and 8,600 bushels oats at 303¢c, Whiskey 2030, Laura Keene’s Varicties—A New American Comedy. Last evening Miss Laura Ksene was treated by her friends toabenefit, which was in every sense s bumper. She had @ gocd house, and the performances were appropriate and: effective. An original comedietta, in one act, entitled ‘My Wife’s Mirror,'’ was produced for the first time, and with the most decided success. It abounds with wit andmany happy hits at local follies, and wholesome inuendoes st public men ard measures; yet there is no straining for effect. The humor appeared to flow from @ source that seems inexhaustible, and which we hope will furnish many @ pleasing comedy to our theatres, which have heretofore borrowed too frequently from foreign authors, whilst we have the materials within our own resources. The ‘‘Wifo’s Mirror’? is a comedy in one act. The plot turns upon the matrimonial experiences of Mr. Robert Racket (Geo. Jordan) who bas been a fast man, and hag married a sentimental younglady (Miss Laura Keene), who is passionately attached to the ‘‘Longtellow”’ school of poets and thinks her husband shares her taste. She is horrified to fird him » gourmand, gambler and s duelist. She epiti.eily resolver tomake herself « mirror wherein he can see his own defects, and plunges into the Pleasures of the table, vingt un, and so forth. The maim idea is relieved by the introduction of two odd characters, Mr. Pax Peecesble and Mre. Alexan- drina Torpedo—the lady very warlike—the gou. gentleman mild as a turtle dove. Their wooing is full of fan. Of course Racket is converted from his errors by his wife’s mirror, and Pax enlists in Mrs. Torpedo’s company. The dialogue is compact—the situations fol- low closely upon each other, and the comely is fall of local hits. Though in itself a happy production, ita author owes not @ little to the admirable and effective: energy of Miss Laura Keene, Mr. Jordan, Mr. Johnstom and the other artists, At the conclusion of the pieos, which was greeted with applause and laughter through- out, the curtain rose, and the actors appeared to respond to the fiat of the whole house. Again there was a call, and Mr. Jordan led the fair Lensficiare forward, who re- ceived a wreath of laurels from sor ithusiastic admi- rer. But for the third time the applauce was contianed, and Mr. Jordan came forward, when there was s general call for ‘‘the author.” Mr. Jordan announced that the comedy would be rereated on Meadey evening, and that he prerumed the author, Mr. Edward G. P. Wilkins, was in the house, ard would approstate the honors thus pala tohim. Mr. Wikins, who wasin a private box in the front of the house, rove aud bowed his acknowledgments to the audience amidet great applause, and on retiring from the theatre he was congratulated by many members of the literati and the theatriesl prcfession upon what we believe to be his first dramatic easay. Tor Movntainger SixcERs (Bearnais) give their first Concert in New York, at Keller's Empire Hall, 696 Broad- way, this (Sunday) evening. They sizg without orches- tral accompaniment, and have been received all over Europe with favor. They bave bad several private re- Eearsa!s, and have delighted the musicians and diletanté Who bave been so fortunate as to hear them. The pro- gramme for this evening includes selections from the bret sacred and profane music. An excellent orchestra will nd perform three overtures, TEETER MN City Intelligence. “TRUTH STRANGER THAN FictiON.”’—One of the Health Waidens of one of the lower waris of the city, in his ally round of cflicial duties, bas ‘noted down’’ many inciden's of local and melarcholy interest. In his visitas tions to the houses of bis balliwick, he assures us no casoi# more dese: ving of xympathy than the following:— In enumerating the population, he called at one of the station houses of the city, and being surprised to discoy- er a regular denizen there—a continuous inmate of the establishment for a series of years past—be interrogated him as to his previous history, his present mode of living, &e., all which interrogatcries were responded to prompt. y and intelligently. We give the narrative of his life ‘thus gleaned :—Richard (known only as Dick in the = tion houre,) was born io this elty in the year 1828, of respectable parents, and in affluent cireumetancer, ‘his father being © prominent merchant {a the ‘olty, and a highly respected resident of the Seventh ward’ Favored with the sdvantages of early culture in the best schools of the city, at the age of seventeen Richard was transferred to Harvard University, where at twenty.one earsof age ho graduated with distinction. Retarned bosom ct hia family, and emulous of still further distinction in the higher wa'ks of literasare, he entered upon the study of medicine as being the one the dest adapted to his mental tastes, and proseeated it for the space of» year or two with untiring assiduity. At this pericd, Lis health fai ing him, ke was reluctantly compelled to abandon the science ot his choice, and ta devote himse'f to more faciive and healthfu! puraatte than that of study. Beloved by his father, whose pecu- Linry roseurces were ample to start him advantageously in mereantile life, Richard was duly installed a merchant in Front street, and gave hii st energies to that hono- rable pursuit, His bi dily Increased, ita ope- tations were exten‘ed, e end of the second year the sum of nesrly $360,000 had been! attaised as the maximum of his snnual sales, In the full tide of succesatul experiment now af ® merchant. began to cast about bim for more widely extended fields of opera: tion, and California, the land of gold, looming up at this particular conjunciure as the sure land of promwe and profit, Richard mace a large venture there and reaped as many others have done in the sane field, ruin in lieu of & fortune, His failure involved his aged father beyond vemedy; and with erushod [hopes and fers smbiting me sought and obtained the porition ot clerk in one of the city banks. This position he filled cr litably for some space of time. His aged father havicg died in the in- terim, the support of his mother and sister devolyad upen Richard, and never dida fon, to the ex-ans of hie ability, devote himeeit more sedulously aad cheerfully to the emo of thie uew duty, Whilst Gilling this of- fice the mother and siater died, and hie health {ai oR him, he was eo ined to resign bis post. Bereft je latives aud means, and alone in the world, with » cunsti- tution enfeebled by disease, anc§ao cortain aad asauced sourecs of support, he sought and obtaiued, ix 186. firat 1! ere lodgings in the station honse, The c the polloe, from the continuo for loégirgs, was induced to | icquizy into his history, &>.; and discovering detaiir, we given above, wore truthfal, and that he was and had aiwase been a sobar man, rather encvarages his epplicstions and the res sbeea that “Diea” haa fixture in the etal ing no compensation Dick is nevertheless cc Atiog the basement depar 4 (the lodging de- pe nt) which he keeps sorupnicusly clean aad nie. atitute the most r beyond his r tently ‘basy dusting United States. Doubtless this would be th ue policy of Deawark, for furtber dejay ip netting thia question In fact, the internal arrangement of the whole lorgt ag cepartment has, by common ¢.nrent, devolved on Mick,