The New York Herald Newspaper, May 11, 1856, Page 2

‘Youthfal ambttion was easily fired by what was around him. ard having become ir-bued with srbed in the great cause, he was ready to enter the oon- ‘tent with a! @ resources of his powerful though yet embryo mind. One act of and usurpation had followed ano‘! watil 1174, when the whole contiuent of Ameries in- stinctively resolved that longer forbearance would be pusillanimous. The Boston tes party ignited the sleeping | voleano. New York followed wita public demonstra. ‘tus, evincing an unmistatable determination for open frmec rebellion. She hesitated no longer. (On the 6:h of July, 1774, « public meeting was called in the city of New York, at the Liberty Pole, (xefore erected by the ‘Sens of Liverty ) w elect, by tree suffrage, in defiance of minister , representatives to ® Provincial @oxvention. This was the first truly popular election ever held in that oolovy, and { believe about the first heid on this continert, entirely tree in tts suffrage. At this meeting Alexander Himilcon, though & boy of His biogra- er eloquently rays Pisiue dowelty of the atiempt, his ¥ his elencer, sod ciminutive form awakened curiosity red atiention, Uverawed by the scene be.oze at ret hesitated and faltered; but ax he pro- ceeded almost unconsciously to utter his ‘accustomed re- fiections, bis miad warmed with the theme, his energies were recovered, and after a discussion clear, cogent aad ip'es iuvoived ia the controversy, picted, in glowirg colors, the long-contiaued and éndured oppression of tae mother country; he in- fisted on the duty of resistance. pointed t> the means inty of suecess, and described the waves of re- arkiing with (iroand wash'»g back on the shores of Englard the wreck of her power, ber wealth and her glory. The breathless silence caased as be closed, aad the whispered murmur—‘l* is a collegian | it is a collegian |? in a loud expression of wonder and app'ause at ordinary eloquence of the young «trapger.”” From this time Hamilton's energies were aroused. The people looned upon him asa prodigy. His preseace be- ‘ame indispensadle to every movement, and we find him engeged in eloquent addresses to the people, in filling the columns of the oniy jourral which could be precured to sustain the cause, in irresistableattacks up n the m:a- sures of the ministry, and with the organization and ¢is- edpliving of troops. vis well known that at this period the elergy wae the main instrument of the governmeat in sustaiping its cause among the dissatisfied colonists, The contributions to the press in its bebalf came for the most feom this elas, Among them Dr. Coope-, of Kiogs lege, at which Hamliton wasa student, was the lead: ™ t. He labored zealously in the British cause, postr forth with much vigor every argument to sustain its sinking rule, It is saii that young Hamilton was se- Jeeted by Cooper to copy there articles for the new-papers, | bat in so doing he fonni time to prepare, in his owo mas: | terly full refatations, which would appear simal- taneeus'y with the artices of the doctor, thus realy sencing the antidote with the bane. But Hamilton was mot con'ent with contributions to the press: he attempted higher fights with his pen, and in one of the most con- vineirg acd able efforts of his remarkable wind prodaced @ pamphlet, which in agumestative foree nad bold posi- tions, considering the cate of its production aud the youth of its suthor, was little less than miraculous. Vt was in reply to's ‘( Westchestar Farmer,”? who had aseeiled with much severity the Continectal Congress, which ha: st closed at Philadelphia, attackiag the pro- eeedings cf that body with an abiity which had made am impression on the P not favorable to the lideral | party. Hamilton was quick to discern the effect, and in a @ appeared an anonymous reply dy him, with this quaint title: ‘A full vindication of the mea- ures of Congress from the ealumvies of their enemiea, im answer toa letter under ignature of ‘A Weat- ebester Farmer,’ whereby his sophistry ia exposed, and his cavils con‘uted, bis ardilces detested, aad lis wit ridiculed. ‘Tis paper was written in 1784, and was followed up with others of yet wider scope, eclarging with almost prophetic vision upon the present ana future trade and Sommerce of the colonies, if freed from the restrictioas placed upon their industry. In these pamphlets it was | leclared that there was no resource but reristance vice | @rmis, there was uo freedom excep! in reprerentative government based upon unrestricted suffrage; there wi ‘mo form of government suited to the Americin Colonies Dut thet which guaranteed the enj-yment of constitu- tonal freedom. He aivoested the promoticn of home | manufacturer by the coosumption of Amerissn products; the encouregenent ot emigration, and the enlargement of domestic commerce, The excitemenss which always precede revolution be. fun new to pervace the popu'ar mind, though the power of the winisterial party unfortunately remainet intac fo far as the Gereral Assembly of the colony wae coi cerned. By the liberal cisursement of money, honors and commercial advartsges, the home govermmeat maneged to reiain control of that b>o’y. But this con- tinued apparent adherence to the ministry instilled ad- @itional energy into the peopie of New York city. They determined upon having deiegates to the approaching | Congress who would truly repreeeat them. The minis woace preparations to cefeat them, even at the poi the baycne:; but the people were not to be det thee r wed oy the display of soldi weembie%, @ resort to vio en ‘ to put them cown. They resisted, ‘their ticket. This was on March Ist, 1775, and was firrt contet between the patriots and the mini puriy, tu which a resort to arms was necessary to deciée the c.ntest, and was nearly two months in advance of the vatue of Lexington. | From this cay event followed erent with magic repiit- | . The battle «f Lexington was foaght—ihe war ¢ry | # aired throughout tne lanc—he city of New York a+ | ones ateamed he> true powliion—the people rallied as one | | | wen ip response to the noble aston of her frends and neighbors, a The mo? seized the Castom Hove, broke cpen the armory, ani drove & battalion of royal 1rcops from the ci‘y, tekicg their arms irom them From her example tne whole co.ony tecame aroused, anc deiermined—favorad'e poritions on the Hadsin were se. | eured and occupis¢—aiarm posts established, a | eountles dividea into miitary cistrie:s. Hamilva | @ provincial troop, wh.ch he 890 commeudec—ths lead: | ing men of weaich came with proifers of material aid, and | | | im angence cf ready mouey plecged their furtures fur the payment of such sums ae Were oorrowed t) su eanne—every man who could Hemilton whore pen end eoe-gy, bi then ery ovher im che colony we: not thring trom the etor1a when th He naa thrown bimeel! into tne frontjrank, but amidet the ta- us #roused. Instend cf the ungoverneple extremes to waica ordi- mary mer.of his temperament and youth wou'd have been carried, he appeare) as the conservator ot the | peace, ani the sedace wsecuer. When the impu sive | mob became turbul-nths was found the eloquen: cezlai- mer ogainst violence to property and life, 1: was in ons of there excitements that he paved the life of fr. Cooper, | when the xasperated crowd hid surrounded the college to make theo'd loy#lis: suffer for b cip’es, nis was effected by holding them io abeyance wt the door ta listen to bis declamation, untli the old gentleman hai an op portun:ty to eeape cn board @ rip ia the hargor. Upon ne her occasion, when the rege of tue pauple, now fore;d up toisnighert pitch, puret forth ia an tempt to destroy the ¢* ablishmeat of Riviog%a, th- tory Printer, ha appeared upon the ground, and wit tue soit Perruasive oratory fer wulch ia acter life wuch ¢isti> guiaten, , in whick at the New York bar he had no cowpeer) béne thet presions by ecquent appeals f 8 Bloc war it alone in the cs pacity counsellor tha Astouncing in feveteen sh of excel.ing ia t | | meuit mainteined the coclness of aconsuuumate leadw. | | | si y to enfor 6 great tra €xewporane u tic ard convin Jove of the profesrion of the noldier and & litery lie, truly marvelions. He wae ia stateemen icitr, while ye Tenatienge his‘ory for « parre!lel We now approach the rout interesting period i tis ul earerr of aiseal fi larg: avey auibo ined bim to ley y in asues, if py +o duing the cance of the revola ion woud he adracced Flag ilton bad applied himself with geeat as-idatty to | the knowledge required t fisry li, and was already proficient. He had orgsciz-d any equippeda military eompapy from the slencer resouress of hs own limited alicwance for coliege jon, aud was appoin:elon the 14th cf March, 177¢ saptalo, by the convention of the colony. He was in command of ‘his company dar- | ing the moverents which preceded the Declira‘ion of ia- Gepenterce, and was an cflicer « 1 accomplish “0 mn before Washirg’on estab isved his head qnae- York. ments well ntreduction to the regular army 1 told by Irving. who reistes that one dey aa Genera! (+ was ng trough the fields now known as the l’ark, in which the City Hall #'ands, bis at en'iom was called to the matcuvres of provincial artillery compony, at where bead appesred a mere youth, out whose skill was fo remurkable that i: induced the general to make hia acquaintance and invite bim to artera. This | youth, I need not ray, was Fla 1 this mesident the commencerren nm with the revolu tionary army. He joined the regutar forees for ar ive per vicer, se Captain Hamilion; was at the battle | of Lorg Island. and bronght up the ratreat at ths head of bis littie company, wih only the lous of his baggage and & fieid piece. It was, however, on the beghis of Harlem, when Hamilton was engage! ia | throwing vp works cf cetence, that he firat attrac ed the | notice cf Washington, whowe tmperienced eye was not long in ciscerning the merite of the young officer, IH» wee tovi-ed by the great commander to hts test, where | ‘wae Inid the fyunéation of the fature confidencs and af- feetion which connected these great men togetuer during the remainder of their lives, and will unite their nanes 0 long a6 Amerivan history ahali live. The campaign whieh succeeded, and which was proby- bly the moat eevere of the whole revolution, found Ham iiton ever equal to the most hecardons and trviog daty, always maintaiving himself with same coolness, oourage ard ac cress. On the Ist of Mach, 1777, he war inwited by General Washington into hia military family aa aide-de camp, with the rank cf Lieu‘enant Colonel, which he accepted with reluctance, preferring to await the certain promo- tion which he well knew hia success {n the tne of the army would command. He retained the pori'ion through out the mont trying periods of the war, serving bis chist with « devotion and constancy that have never been sur- | parred. It is well known that many of the cespatchw end official a whieh bere the signature of Washing- ton dari relation were prepared by Hamilton. In the difficulty with General Gates, growing out of the correspondence of that officer with General C.nway, Hemilton rendered essential aid, and ia the subseqaent stvempta of cabals to fay gm the Commander in-/uief, be serwed him with fid Jity and skill, and not only Ham- ijton, but the whole colony cf New York sustained him also when his good name was assailed. “(Whilst Pennrylvania hesitated to continue her con‘- denes in him, and the votes cf Maryland, North Carolica and Georgia were divided in support—hia native Virginia misreprosented—the whole of Maryland, mir- | sbailed under adverse leaders—New York, mg ten metrepolis, ond ber mountain passes om the Hudson, | j ebci | then sprang into the citch, | Wi bo 2 was so | t | utter i were im the bands’ of the enewy, her tem: ene shough juet Late uge- 9 yype-- thus ered and <islo: main’ ree a ee Seastanes Wen eee firmness.” In the man; ee scenes loomy events of °78, 79 and '80, Hamilton maintained his coc- s'ant fidelity to his General. If bis loyalty to the gicrious cause in w! a See Saws aeaaead nn onl eee enough to wed him to the head of the aray, to whose pees ‘he held such near official relations, admiration for 6 character of Washington would, of itself, have sufficed. He loved his commander because he kaew him well; be had drapk from the fountain of his calm wisdom; he had been a spectator of his courage in the trying coufliets of the battie field; he had heard from bis lips, in the councila of war, the sage conclusions of # great ming, and, more than a, deeply sympathized with him in bis h-ly par- f log his country from foreign misruie and op- Wai Tt is well known that no man wi higher esteem by Washington. His diseernme: gton recfprocated the attachment of beld in nabled him quickly to observe the comprehensive intellect of Hamilton. The proofs which the youth had given of at beral par:y—even bef re those who a' terwards attained prominence in it, had deciied whica tide to choone-—had not escaped him; and when to there were added ficelity as his aid, coolness and skill a8 @ strategist, ripe and fin‘shed scbclarship, the accomplishments of the diplomatist and statesman, it was impossible that » mao wita such @ head and such a heart se Wasrington should no: become aise the counsellor, the friead and the father of one possesring so many to win the affection and appl: 8 ‘And yet these remaikadle wen presented striking eou- trast. Hawilton, Mm his stature almost liltputian, was the child of genius. ity wera Joquent, aad of extraordinary versatility@pd seope of inveilest, acquil- ing kaowledge wi hout “Sppareat study or effori—of genial, social qualities, and fondef gcoi cheer. Beyond the ordixary stature, Washington towered above most men in figure as well ss in grandeor of beatiog and solemnity of charac'er. He had pot wha* the world calle genius, bat be bad the care, sure quality ofa vigorous, well Pa‘anced intellest, known as common sense. His mind wes ae massive as bis person, and as firm upon ite pur- pore asarethe mighty bile upon their base. In the science of war be had no equal, either upon this Conti- nent or Eurcpe; as 2 segacious and fa: seeing statesman, he was no leas pre-eminent. He was the impersonation of bis country’s hopes and his country’s nationslity, and as auch, the living representation of the pzinciple of bu- man liberty throughout the world. But e charged the official relations of Washington and Hawiltop, Hamtiton resigned his position as aid-de- camp on the 16th Febroary, 1781, under circumstances at the time paizful to each, and which, as ceveloping their persona! characteristics, I will relate. Hamiltcn had been sent for by Washington, no doudt in Laste, on business of a pressing nature, and was on his way up stairs to the Gereral when me: by the Marquis de Laisyette, with whom he waa a favorite, who cetaine] binrin conversation. TheGenera! deemed this delay dix- respectful ani so told the Aid on his azrival. To this Bzmilton replied, no doubt quickly, ‘that he was uot copsciows of il, but since you bave thougat necestary to tell meso, we part.” ‘Very well, sir, if tt be yoar ice,’ waa the rejoinder of Washingt n, and ‘their Cflicial relations as then existing ceased forever. The ext day aneffurt was mace by ington to induce Hamilton to return to his post. Col. Tigaman, who was deputed for this parpore, assured Hamilton in the General’s name that he retaiced tha vu most emnGdence in his integrity, abiliy acd wefulness; but Hamitton being cesirous of am cppoitunity to distinguish himself in seme position of commana, was averse to resume a place preseniing no opening for advancament, and 69 restricted in its chance for mi ry distinction. Not the slightest alteration, however, was made dy the separ@ion i» the Kind personal relations existing betwee them. The fame affection and mn*ual esteem remained through li’e. Hamil:on was calied in at the councils of war, and as will de seen tn the progress of this hurried sketch, continued to enjoy the confidence of the General. Bsicg now at liverty, he resolved to gain if porsible a com- mand in the arny equal to the services he had rendered, An application was made whieb, efte> some delay, was succersfal, and which subsequently afforded him an op- portunity ‘or distinction which he knew tim-ef so well able to win. He joined the army in the fall of the rane year, and was placed ix of important posts pre- paratory to the sisge cf we. Hewas invited by We-bingtcn to be present the councils that decidei this important movement sgainst Cornwallis. He was placed in command ef corps of light infantry attached to the division ot Lasayet'e in that splendid schievement of the Americar arms. I reed not deta'n you with tha’ most important, as i: was the last, of the revolutionary ergagements. In thig battle Hamilton, by urgent wish, was placed in ocnmard of in'antry which were to ma charge at t of the bay opet upon cne of the principal recoubis emy—to be carried only ia the face of amos: de- structive fire. He led in person this perilous enterprise, and rushirg forward in advance of all others, acsenced the abatis, etocd fora moment upon the picsp2t with three ot bis soliiers, beskonea the others to follow, and Major Fieh, the fatver of nstors in Congr cre of New York’s prevent lowed. Animated by the herc Fish, the intautry preseed on with Icecéd—and fixed bayonete, They soon re counterrearp, uner a heavy exd cunetant fice from the redoubt, and sarsoun'ing the aba'is diteh and pali- vaces, meunted ‘he parapet. aud leaped into the work. Hamilton, in the sorroundirg smoke, wes for a time lost sight of, and it was tested be had talien, out he reappasr- ec, ard formed the tocp# im the redvudt, whic? soon surrendered. In nine minutes from the pacring of tae Wihout firing @ gan, the edrprise aad capture < Few caves 7? sald Washi gm, “have 6 ie ot intrepidity, ¢ clness and fir ee B.?? I'y Gectdad the battie of Yorktown. ded the revoluti |, aad two days afier which were pot aczeptad ton as to the rEtown de: 1 Washirgeon ecns tama. this was Hemilton’s last military eervies, as it was Wastigcu'’s He then wi bdrev to the bosom of his reuit cf am intellectua: cul- He had etermiaed upon er st tbe bas, ut the bold he had ob n the allections ple would not pe-tait this withdrawal from He was elected be- fore the +xpuation of the tame year m grees-the mmeshat unpepuar Co this esremby, as ix all iu woich be eve: held @ aeat, he was the lesct: g spit This wee, inceré, a ring the pervading spiric of to be bat the reprerentalirer cfa hetercg-neo L evergy therse.ves or moral poa ry, they were unable to enforte their om menca ions and resolntions, In this extremity ... eyes were (urned upon Hamiltop. They resogaized in him the orly man among them with safticient capacity end influ:nce fo save the country from sabsi ting int> & con- he y Jar Congress. American peop'e, dition werse than tha’ from which it had Jus: ex \.ated tnelf He was telected to prepare an aldress |» tre several State conventions, recoumending a gene al con- vention, foc the purpose cf taking the state of tue oun uy into copsider aad tor the estabi cor stitution From this ast five years afver ion of Phited now @# aboition me r oy whicd we have maintained our preserved the Unio As to the pro of Philadelp ing a happy the general wed by that conven: general con’e‘erated f In the puiloso- ading and depi asis of cur presen r he alay cisgleyed witha may cleney of tbe feeble governmen itate in detail witn which he propyed to Here was proposed the first ites of a depart- f nt. This, however, emarkabls produc.ion b the ssme deslaca- ona itoti erly hand the ben existing, this letter, writen ia 1779, be #; convention ot all the S.ates, with ini power ty aler aod annul finally and irrevosaby the present fatile aod kenselesr confederation.” His csiebraced resolutions of 1783 took the same ground. It ia got my purpose, nor is it necessar: ot this Sharacter to go into the details procesdings of (he convection which framed the constitation, | wil not weary you by tollo ving vhe reported proceedix gs, meagre as they are, which inform us of the several pro- jects and debates thereon. Suffice iv to ray, no fall re- ports such as we have now of the proces tings of legicla- tive bucies were made by this, the most importan: of any gatheripg of men, whether consitered with reference to the intellect of ihe pstriots themselves, or to the momentous questions presented fur their delibera- iors, Of Hamitton’s efforts in the convention we know but little, There can be oo doubt whatever bat thit he advocated a sulid government, t» be formed upoa some ple of cob+sion that woud bs sufficiently strong in ite general or federal functions to protect the nationalicy of the whole; but I presume the ctronzest opponeats of Hamiiten’s opinions will not deny that tals solidity would have furnished a stable, conserva'ive, aad durable system, ond that iti to hie ezerticns toat we mainly are indebted for these elemeats in our present c metitutica at much apon which we now rely to maintain “domestic peace and continued union was in- corporated at nis instance and yislded as » compromise, by which to satiafy a ye: stronger givernment, urged, it iatrne, by kim. Befure considering the preeise atuitade sesumed by Hamilton in the convention, we should re- member that inind to present everything ine nex' to Wash ing the most practical man of the Revolation. It was h's custom in the discussion of principles to propore and pre- rent propositions to be made the barit cn argunest and discussion, that the right, the good acd ths true coud pooner be elicited. Ry refereace to the debater, it will be teen tha! tie 2 an addrem rious suggeggons made were mortly abt tical. Hamflton prepared and presente ¢ corsti ution—a prac*ical ides and substance —placiog be- fore the convention shape and form and feature, iron which might beereated the fabric of aa organic law. This plan, which was presented ip his celebrated #peosh | of the 18th Jane, waa prodaced not no mueb as & desinvs tion cf bie own vene:g and principles, axe rough mess from which the artizans of the convewtion were |) chisei and monld the perfect statue. 7 He quarried the won one 04 presensel if to the master archilects, thos farninbiurg the bar's ard au'- stance of the mater im whieb ‘3 consiruy' the fe- q | Which is ike rosteoneistent with the epicit of our ins: | elec, aeeented to end approved of br | froma which { bave quote had been | I mesa | | ments and weny of the most jizeral of our p: | years af ersards. | falend complete, | out commerce or wey e NEW YORK HERALD SUNDAY, MAY ll, 1856. Drie. It is not a violent preeumption to sey that the in- troduction of bis plap into the convention was intended to define certain forms for the distribution of the functions of government, rather ‘the declarations of his own settled and determined yment as to the gov- ernment itself, as well hinted by Morris, ‘his speoula- tive opinions, which should not be treated as deliberate denign It bas been my gocd fortune t> become the possessor of a fac simue copy of the plan«f the comstiiutioa, intro- cuced into the convention by Hamil: with all its ori- ‘nal erasures, inter, yor holds it up to Here ‘is, free to the examination of any correefness of the reference which it is my intention to make to its provisions. By it we may discover—sdm!t- tirg that ittruly reflected bis convictions—what really were his thecries and principles, Tnat it doen propose & strorg Bationsl government, cannot be deaied—to be 80- vereign in {ti ‘as such—but it was to emanate di- reetly from th ple, and in that respect not to derogate from the domestis or local rights ot tae colonies or Sta:es themtelves, #0 far a8 was consis‘ent with the necessitio: of a central power sufficiently strong for efficient action. It made the first grand initiatory effort to establish uni- verral suffrage; and this practical and legitimate ingre- cient of popular reprerentative government (a control- ling influence from the people) it waa supposed would insure a more intelligent and Virtuogs acmini-tra‘iou. Im it the spirit of democracy and the apirit of ocnserva- lism were clceely blended ard bani balanced. It had the merit of directness and expiicitness of sta‘ement, leaving nothing to inference. which in constitations are injurious and hazardoue. The democratic principle was exterded to \he fullest limit of universal suffrage; the members o! the lower bcuse of Congress to be elected cnly for ore year and by entirely free and iocependeat vote; whilst members of the noper Hcuse were a'so to be elected by popular sullcage, though of a term of good behavior. His chief Executave was also to be elected di- rectly by the people. The entire plan was based on the hypothesis of es'abliehing a national government rem v- ea from tke short righted jesiousips and influences 0° local and partisap powers The inocrgruity and weakness of the eonfederatioa re- presented by the tramelied delegates of State sovereign ties had been 60 effectually proven, the! it had besome apparent to the patriot and statesman that @ radical change was necestary. It 1s true he proposed for bis Presicent a tenare of cffice out of all proportion with our ideas of democratic principles; but we must resember he was pursuing the great thooght of removiag that high place from tbe reach cf all influences of a partisan, ia- uiguing or corrupt charac er; that every motive tor the improper ute of its patronsge should be obviated, Wi.h- out wishing to be understood as expressing any oploim as to what should be the proper period for which it would have been best to fix the Presidential term, Jaw myself quite prepared to fay that the term now fixed is too short. Tv is quite certein that great difference of opinicn has always existed as to the tenare of office ander our gov- ernment, whether by execative or jaaicial officers. ine coniinual agitation of the whole Count:y by trequent electiozs, and the strung inducements offered to incum- bents to exercise the power Inherent ia the office fur its continua: ce in their cwn bacde, is ad misebievous in its itis, in my judgment, detrimental to the wel- e country, Hawiiton’s Executive was surject to the impeachment of the lower house, which was ia vested wich power ever bum of the st Aad most re- sponsibe order, Wren impeached, he was suspended from the exercise of his ministerial dutice, Phe im peach- ment was tu be tried by the jadisiary—a msjuity of whom were to consist of the Cuue/ Justices of the reveral States, ‘hus constituting a court removed rom all tede- ral or poli.ical basis. 1t is by no means certain that, it the preject of damiiton had been a litve closer f Mowed in «me of these principles, the administration of the general gcvernmens would no: have been less lisv.e thac it mow is to the direct and indirect wficences of sections! prejudices, i's consequent embarra‘sments and evil re It is not too much to assume taat, in this respon- sibility cf she Fxecutivs to the poopie through their a nuaily e'ected representa‘ives, there would have exist axesponsible g.vernment, substeotially deptndent f. its permanency aud its saccess on the approval ot pab seutiment In this cave we should rarely see a cain of min's ers holding cffice and approving me2snces in violation cf the ralional feeling, its will and its inte: a's. Tn our rystem of governwent, ia which laws are male by the legislative power, and ‘which it ie the p:culicr functicn of the Executive aathority to aduninis:er them, laws enacted by @ Legis'ature chosen upon the basis o! universal suffrage must be regazded a3 expressing the popu ar will. In this erse, a law is the embcdiment, in a materiai form, of the opinions of the majority prescribing rae of action to be obeyed in \he commonwaaith, Tas chief magistrate, theretcre, in executing these laws ouly en- forces the will of the people coastatuti nally ed It follows, then, tbat @ consentration of power in the exe cutive d partment of a repud:izan government, sufficient to execute every law of tue land, is not only in no respect inconsistent with the dim-cratic theory of government, but uw in pertect harmony with it, A strong execu ive ig a jcgicel and vecesrary ceduction tcom the dewocra- lic theouy, inciapensable to ia just and ecmplete devs. lopement, tince the Executive, in cauting he jaws to be obeyed, is bimself the agent and representative of the pecple, ciceen toexecute the mancate of the majozity. Thus it walete seen that in the strorg executive ac vo- cated by Hamilton, associated as is was to be with free spffrage in the Felection of tbe representative, tne wirle: of the peopie ia the administration of the government wou'e bave been recured. Nearly a'l of thy conservative ele, stitution are to be foond in Hamittcn’s plas. Toe pr fent limitaticn to the powers cf Cungress were 120 taken tzem it wrbutia. He was the firey to prevent to the convention the suggestion that Oongrest shoud have no power to pa:s x-post facto iewe, bills o* attainder, or sive titles of nobl i'y,tnd iba: perecns bo cieg offixe could re- o presents, title or office frcm any forsigo power @. He also propcs:d ths: there snould be no reii- gious tes s, end tha® Church an uxited under this governwen’—re not ine rpcrated un il the cons*itution was amend diwo It is sleo ia his cone ituti m tha’ we find (article ix. rec. 5) this remarkable provision, whi bas been ihe great re ¢guard of the rights of the sta* uncer tne present constitation:—" The ettizens of es Staie skail be entitied to the rights, privileges and munities of citzens mm every oth b and crecit shall be given in each stat acts, recorcs ard jadicia! proceeciags ot Senators were to ce chceen by €lestors, sal pecple for that purpore, and mot by tha Legislature, as firaliy sdcplied, We may diff-r as to which is the better moce, tut there can be no difference of «pizion 2s tu ions. Nor were bis lim:'a‘ivnn to the powers reserved by the States so many or 89 eiringen: as the require- ments in the prerent ecns itu ion. Threvgheut the whoe was dieplayed a strorg bine io favor cf the elementary prinsigles of free elections~the corserrative principle which alone bas kep’ us so long togetber. Agsir—end whicu to Virginis and other Southerm Staier is a mater of no rmid moment plan recogrized he righ’ to clave property, and its © r- responcent representative right is fuliy maintained by him in the poser granted to Cong-eas to levy taxos on the baris ot tpree. fifths popula‘icn. In the reccgniticn of this funcamental princip’e of tax: ation were «stab ished the nature, right and ¢ esen'a'ive app rtiopwent; end it Fg just now, that not only did the conven' s propoiticn in this respest, but that it wa. HI toe Siaces i ttou of the a Union, in their acceptance and ra al compact. Iregean: ‘hat he was, in the msia, the father of tae lenéicg principles of the jresert consttcution, and in ta cpini.n I bat assert what bas belore been statet by ( @ucr Mores and men eyvally eroinent smong nis coa pora.ies. does biz claim to the possession of lnberal p ice'p et alone upon hi eerly wriitogs, , Dot Upon his propseidioas 1m this eon venti m. Aten early ¢ay he proposed In the old eontederat that their de iberations snoald bs with ep'm door he wes always the cefencer of the izerty of tha Ds he war of the Revolution, and egain in the cue se cf Crorewell, be was the ficet to asvers thet, ion irom a rightful mo ive the trath migh Tois waa ata time when te engaged in sett iog bis argament in thi: ‘on g bratec in @ pub ¥e given fp jurtifica'ion. jna clary of Exglend was earne the lew of libel, and ‘n the seo care, apd ihe subsq:ent astion ia ths Legisatuce of New York, his Celiviticn wax adopted salmon ve-b acd this bas been the Jaw ever since, both fa Erg ai Awerica. On tke accession of Washington to the Presidency Hamiiten was invited to take charge of the fissal depart men’ of governmer t a# Sce etary oi the Trensucy. In this department bis tactan4 ski], avin all things, was rceesa- Well was ivraid by Weoo'er in nis cey or Hamiltcn, ‘He smote the rock of the matioval « 1 He te Je the dead corpse of the public cvesit anit forure t pon its feet. The fabled bird cf Mizerva frow the pain cf Jove was hardly more perfest than the €nnnecial ryewrs of the United States se it burst trom ihe tions Cf Alexancer Hamilton egret That tue limi'e of vhis discourse will not per- mit res till and especial referecce to ths part of publis live. Its importance to the country, as well as the wide Fpace it necessarily fils in bis ‘Deblis career, demand for it @ wrger share of attention than my time or your tie wilallow. Yo those who are famiiar wish the Bitsy of Hamiiton’s ficanctal aiminietration, nothing can be more fatie“actory than that io the hon vision which vae mode to secure and to pay the the Revolation he establissed for the caton a ni innoredie cbaracter—that ot fi¢e'ity ia tue disenarge of its obligations. It waw this high toned integri'y, co like Hacntiton in all Lie private cuties, that at on: placed thie coantry, seercely eme ged from the chaos of she Revolation, in a postion to commeaéd the conficeuce of Kuropean capt taliste. Largs amcunta of foreign capiia! were at onc> inverted in our securities, aud that which we most re- quired to develope the egricultural, cunmeccial and industrial resources, wae immediately furnished. If this course had not been pursued, the (edt: would have re mained, to the disgrace of our national honor, acd to the diecrecit of our financial integrity. We should have suf- fered in every element of prosperity. and wh) can say that the result might not have no paralysed the country ag to leave it @ victim to imtercal exosusdom and anarchy’ ‘At thie criical period, when we hed wearesly emerged from the Revolution, and were will euffering from ice +flecte, and when our government hed no! as yet risen 40 the digni y of ¢n experiment,! and when a large «ate party #’lil c ung to the hope that we wou d again relapse Jato British dependence, it required no ordinary power of mind io corduct the monetsry affairs of the republie. Heweverg eat we have shown Hamiiton ia the fieid and in 4he solemn snd tomentous dei the Corstitational Comventicn, he was sil grester es to steered the nwicnel bark throngh the atorme cf thix troubled and event’u! epoch of 4 opening history. The rhightest error would hawe cause! jrietrievable rnin. fhe least hedtancy or want of fidence or prerence cf mind in the pilo' wrecked the told craft. The war bad left the country a barren wa without me or erecit, aud ome with suliure, Ho Cepleted was the pud- > reasnry, that the cMficers of the goversmeat, inelut- rg the meibera of Congiess, aS ine c mmencetnent of Wasticgton'’s adminis'ratico, went Lome ompatd, And jet pubic and private cemance were (ian'ly met and provided for, and bie eyetem, ae originally ¢ wi put tgte ruccesrfa) motion, & perfeet ard barmer iow curces, avd abuntant streams of revenue gushad forth, | ations of | wok Lave | it came from bis giant intellect. Nor was the ment cf the Executive Department, ich he was the head, the only duty which it became necessary for him to form in the accomplishment of this important object. fo drew ali the revenue bills for Congress, and canse.led, supervised and restricted uber passege through both boures. Fisher Ames asys of him, ta reference to the revexue reported before Congress prepared in all cases ny Bamilten, that ‘there is nos to be f und a sivgle clawe that savore of despotic po ver; no: one that the stronges champ n of law and liberty wouid on that ground besi- 10 approve and adopt.” it slone in the fiscal department of Wea ton’s administration that the mind and ener Hamilton were exercised, He was the les»ing #prrit in every other, giving tone apd form to Ie foreige as well as its domestic policy. His enemi+a have made bim responsl- ble for its mistabes, and J am not prepared to deny their right to do so, ‘hough nore but those who are cognizant ot the teeret consultations of thore who control the poll- overpment can know who of its members are with its errors, it: which succeeded with which he was con- nected were few and wi:hout public interest, and I need pot reter to trem. Nor init necessary to allute to the ointzac ed condition of the politics ot the country which lec te that serimonious controversy existiog anverior to and during the adminisiration of Jefferson. In the State ct New Ycrk these contests © bitter, unrelent- ing axa persoza!. In that S'ate Hamilton’s position was too high, and the estimation ia which he was held by his 1€) zens too favorable for him to escape the suafts of bis euemies and the designs of the envious and aspi ring. singled out as ‘the bright and shining light”? which it was necessary toextmguish, before the Jeeser luminaries could be discerned and appreciated. Every unpopular p:rition cf Washiogton’s administra tion, and every word and act, whether puolic or private, which owed ita paternity to him, were invoked, like Ban- que’s ghest, to afftight the ignorant or timid, It wae with this spirit that sentiments ce uever uttezed were at- iribuud to him,acts he never committed were charged upon him, and motives be never entertsined were 1a puted to him. He became the impersonation of the siak- ing fortares of an expiring party—a party whic, like an unfortunate men, but enovunters renewed opposition as it falls etill lower in the popular esteem. He became the vic- tim ot a plot—a plot to extinguish forever the brilliant glo- ry which surrounded the brow of New York’s favored son. T'do not intend to detain you with @ recapitula’ion of the incidents which immeciately prececed the death of Ha- milton. These must be familiar to all in this intelligsn: audience. You all know the charsc’er of Barr, his anta- goulst in that melancholy tragedy—his profligate private life, and bis unprincipied public career. Do not tet us contrast the characters oftwo euch mea as Hamilton anc Burr, Irhali not attempt it; nor is it my wish to make allusions to the dark spots in the jie of any maa. So tar, 'y tw the completion ci this pic: @ undertaken to portray. it becomes my duty, in waimRaivirg the truth of history, to apeak out freeiy ang frankly of one xo intimate'y associated with the iait red cays of Hamilton, Burr had jong been jealous of ths cyersbacowing position of Hamilton, whils: Hamilton had Jong known and detested the vices and princi, ard private, cf Barr, Ajaipet the aspirai ter for the Presidency, Hemilton threw himeeif ia opposi tion, with ail his resources, not fo mus that the enccess of Burr would have been @ triumph of the acverse parcy as ftom a firm eouviction on the pact of Hamilton tha. to the Presidency woull have keen a g eat public calami'y from wh'ch the repno- lic could never rece I in this contest that he openly and boldly preferred the sel Prerident. ~] know thet it ie the general be.iet that feelirg between these great men wasof a character whica always placed Hamilton inan attitude of oppveition w Jeflerscn, This is not the case; fur tacnga izom the ne- ceetities of tueir pori*iors as leaders of antagopistical poli- tical parties, these two eontrolling Intelise.s of our Revu- luticnary period were often in covilict, they nevertheles entertained the bighest iespest for each others’ talents and c+ yotion to the true interests of tae ¢ uaizy. On the 16th of December, 1860, Hamilton wriies to Wol cott, dis yg the probabuity of Barr’s having streog.b in the House cf Repreenta ives, for the ?residensy, tha “upon every v.rtacus and prudent eousileration, Jeffers sco ia to be preferie?.”” Tne result is known. Jefferson wan elested, and the giant intellect and bigh toned peizio.ism he ey nce! fally Justified the pre’ermint of Hemilton. I wew'd fain s:op here to pay a tribute of revercace ani respect to tne memory of the father and founder of th: cemoeratic pa.ty, of which Iam an hamble mem ver; bu agreeable as such an episode might be to @ Virginian au- cence, and pleasing as the theme would be tu. my own fe.irge, I must omit it in the vecessity waigh forces me id ccnelusicn of this diffuse aud faperfec! perform ance. ‘The defeat of Burr but added fuel to the flame wh: was burning within bis breast; he hai, however, obtaines the secord piace, and in the power of that potition m.d- every effort to crush cut Hamilton’s influence tn 4 York, "Fer the suceee’iag two oF three yeara the poii of New York were sgitated aud cisturbed by the effor:: ot Burr to retein by intrigue his now expiricg power, it's well known bis ra bipatior sia Congress were direc’ edagainst Jeffereon, whlst in New York and in the Nurth they were devote! to Haniltor. In both he waa follea and steca before the sountry # prostra:e puolie man. In Feb: uary, 1804, Jt flercon was tnsnimous'y renomt rated by the Cemocratic, or, as was tuen called, the re- pub.ican members of Congress, as a cancidate for re election—jor Burr there was no +upport, not even one ycte fcr the Vics Frevi:enoy, which pe then deld, Spurn. ed fom tle ratienal capital, he tured Lis aspire tiozs to New York, and became a cancidets for tn #8 ecuepioncus perition cf Gcvernor of that Sis'e. even here the re,ublican patty to which he Yad been attacked repvdiated him, nomiaat.og first lansing, anc then Lewis in preference, Tous all chance fox oven this position appeared lost. He was oot, how: ever, wihcut reacurces. He cavred him-elf to be nom’ raudas an inde.«ndent candidate for that offics, wits hoprs that the fedeali-te, couch dis:rasted and brok sr down, would also be in’ueed to lend tbeir support. 1 War Lov thet Pamilton sss ds adilm reopen actituds fboevlity, auc it wes throwsh hiss xertions that Barc come cut defeated. No hire wae now leit to Burr but revel gemibs ast Tcort of an uiterly disgresed aud ra- inca max. He waswt long in findieg precexts for az ¢xplsra‘ion wih Barilton, Whilst in Aloary tee wine wrececirg, i: appears, during Burs’s efforts for the federal suppert for Governor, Hamilton had, in conversation with Dr. Cooper, expressed hime f freely of Busr’s polt- weal character, Cocper pubiciy alluded to this, and used the word “derpicadle” a3 one empioved by Hi- mittn against Burr. Barr made this the basis of 2 ce- werd for ratisfactio Several lettere passed betwee. them, thcugh it was apparent Burr was acting in cozcert wihothers. Burr’s requirements were disbonorab e ord Cemarded of Hamiiton what it wae weil known he woud not cmply with. Hamilten socn ciseavared the murdercus invent of Burr, and in ose of his comaunt. cations delicate.y alludetto it. This vac mace a farth« greure for satis setin on the part cf Burs. Afer mu: correspondence ard postponement en both sides, o1 Fridey morning. the 6th of Jaly, Mr. Pendleton, the fiend of Hamilton, in'omed Mr. Van Nees, the friend of Burr, that his principal would be reaay at aay time afte: ne Sundsy icliowing. On Moncsy, ths 9ta, the parti- culazs wero arranged, and on Wedre:day follow'rg, toe Ibh, at cayjght in the morning, be pertier ercsted the sudton iiver to Weehawkeo, cn the New Jersey shore, opputite to New York. » The ia: cicente on the gri und were not_msrkea by ary uunsnal creumetent It fe ecneeded that both parties w ccol ard cow us. Burr fired first ard hia shy tflecs cn the right stce cf Hamtiten, who was moxtnily wounced Fefire h's own pistol waa raised from bis 6: /€ He ‘irpered in anguish until 20’e ock nex: day, enduring wore trom the feelings ct prin brought to bis family thaw these of a boviy nature to himeel!. He d'e4 amide" ihe tears of a Cevoied wie and reven young and helpless cbidven, The next cay a Coroner’s inquest was weld upen his be¢y, ard a yercics ef wiliml murder re-nrned apsice: Avyon Burr, Vice Pserident ot the Catted States. I beve with me the original inquest, and will read tne Same abd Fu! ject it to your mspection:— City and County of New Yor!,%—hn ‘aquisition tntentad teken ter the people of the Sale ot New York, wt the Thisa ward cf the etly of New York, in the county of ew Yor thiteen besy¢f July, tn ihe year of cur Lord one thoniend e'gbt brndied ard leur, and continued by adjou nment until the econo cay cf August, i the yeer atores:i¢, before ma, John kurger, Corouer of’ the suid city and codoty ot Ne * York, on view ot the body of Alexander Hamilton, then and n the said thirenth cay ot July, io the year the vard, city ard county aforeenit, ving der Aucerton, George Minas, Bornet, Kian, Wil fa.n3, David A 'Prower, David Arralem # océgocd, James Commirgs. amos Carti, Bors, erjomin bircrg snd Jobn D, Mi ler, men Of thé eaidcity and county of New Yura, | aud who, beirg then | quire, for he peovle | how,iud »y whattmerns the ralé Alexander Hart ic bis eath. Co, upon their oath, say (hat aaron Burr, lat Fe esid cl y, in the sad counter, Maqui ¢, xd dF tat bavieg the fear of Cod moved ard seanced by the | stiza. b dey ot July, in the yer last in the county of Berzen snd nthe paid A’exand t the people ot the wai | at reswd. with feree ard ori | sieve ot New Jertey, to ard a ton, in the peace of Ocd ard Dew Jersey. then &rd_ there, being felon'o foly ord ct b's torethought, — di en ‘ocewolt; end that the Aaron Burr, 4 | tin pisto: cf the vaiue of cne del'ar, charged and saded vith gunpowder and lewen bulét, which be, te amid Jaron Burr then ard the-e had and held fn his ried hand, to, at ard against ibe right side o' tre belly of the sala » exkder Cid thes ard there shoot off end discharge, L, wieane the said Aaron surr, feloneonsiy, wilfully. aud. ot bw molice afore hi ught, did thes and there give unto bun the réer hemi ton, with the leaden bullet »'0, esait, 60 id shot off and discherged out of the pis'oi wtorespid by the force of ike gurpowd¢er sioreraid upon the ‘de of the belly of hm, the eid Alex. Hamilton, « vittle al o1e mortal Wout d penetrating the beliy of him, thi ; Tsmilten, cf wh ch tala morte wound, he the' sald Alex. Hu mintcr, trim ite raid elevento day of Juiy, in the same year, ae Well ‘a (be county of Bergen, in the Klate of New Jersey noversid, Be nso rt the Fighth ward ot the cily of New York, in the county of New York # oreenid. did languish, and Jan: vol birg cid ive; on which tweltih day ot July, in the said vear, ve rad Alex, Hemiitcn at paid Kiguth ward of the rad. 7, 10 'd county ci Bew York, of the mortal nd aforesaid G)€0; ard the jarore atoress\d, do fur. ‘ber tay, tbat Wiliam P Ness, ate of the Firat werd of ibe city Of Pew York, la the connty of New York #f. ald, atovrey at law, and Nahanie! Perdleton, ate of ihe eame pace, c untellor gt i» t the time of commitiiog the telory ard murder atoresaid, felociou:ly, wi'tully, and ef iheit maice aorethough’, wore® present, abetting, siding, assist we, cemtertiog acd mainteinisg ‘the aaid’ Avros Bare to kul avd murver the sald siexender Hamilton 13 manne~ afcresic * jurors aforesaid, urcn their oath afore — rt rk id ne lexan " mom, in manner atd by ihe’ meats aforesaid, telosisusty, wilfully, snd ct tbeir ma ice aforethought. dia kill ard murde* Fevins\ ive pence of the people ol the State ct New York aed their gnity. in swherect, wa well the aforeeaid Coroner aa tha Jwore oreeats Ld to He aft gle put their 1en'e on the stored day of August, and in the year of one thousand elyhe but dred acd fcur, ena ip at the nisoe af-ressid — JOHN BURGER, Carorer Alex. Ardercor, David Tr dig, Geo. wizure, A¥'m Blondgord, | dein &, Bardenbreok, Snanea Cutt ii. | Peer Hepnett, ‘Amos Curis, Kam Williaa, Pease jure. Jobe Cen Benj. btroe Tchr Meleeberger, John D. biter, Lavi A. Brow *Pe 6 'n original 1 Cn the cover is endorsed Inquisition, July 12, 1804 Alexan Cer Pamd.tr, murcer, {the original cf the abc ve document tn on two sheets of old hana mace foolecap, brown and ¢ itten legibly on tovh sider, snd having the signatares also clearly written, with real opporite to ach) The feeling of in¢igna'iom arcused ggaiot Burr was pravere!, be became #n Ou'cAn'—A Wanwerer, It in eid that when ke coed on V'rince Talleyropd, then io the pot , and sent his name to that minister, latter ‘wou d be beppy to see a mam who oceucied the position of Vice Presideat of the United States, but that he desired to let Col, Burr know thet the minia‘ure of Alexander Hami'ton was always to be found suspended «ver his mantelpiece, And new in drawing t> # close this feeble but siacere tribwte to the memory of Hamilten, let me say that 1 do Bot wieh to be understood as endorsing every public act he performed, or every cpinion he may bave advan He held cpiviona in regard to the National Bank, tenure of office, ard otker measures cf governmental polisy, to vhieb 1 ean never subscribe. He may have entertained views not strictly in keeping with the generally existii ard corceived noticns of the da: t these we upcn the tun rot to be rotieed ‘amidst the surrounding splendcr (f his gloricus character and services, Let us dec him Ne. ‘apd eecure his wnemory from the common error, i fear,’ too generally exi in the superficial public mind, ibet he wes a monarchist tn prinelple, an Sristocrat in feeling. Such was not Alexander Hamilton; and to at ribute sentiments hostile to republican insti- tutions, for whicb he bad suffered and accomplished s0 to unjustly carken the bright name of one of the master spirits cf the Revolution. 1; is to cast a re. upen vhe principles and loyalty of Washington ‘imeeif, ‘Who ¥new him best and loved him most.’? Weil may Virginia wateh over the ashes of Washing- ten, now lying entombed ' Mount Vernon; so will New York euard the athes of Hamilton, reporting in Trimty churcb yard. Thengh separated in the tomb, their fame lined together, the common property of the country. May the recol ection of their deeds endure as long as time, nd their names go forth into the dark and shadowy uture, associated tcgether in history as they were in the servioe of their ccuntry. American Swell Hotel Robbers in England. HISTORY OF THEIR OPEKATIONS—WHERE THEY HAIL FROM—ARREST AND COMMITTAL. [Correspondence of the London Limes } _ . Mancuester, April 19, 1859. ‘The tro Americans’ ebarged with plunzering hotels, sho were apprehenced for robberies at the Albion aad Royal hotelay at Manchester, were on Saturday re ¢x- amined before the Msnchestnr magistrates, and there is pow Dut little doubt that they are past o’a gang of most accomplished erackamer, who have been travelling through Europe for some time past, practising their calling with po ordivary su cess, The namo of tbe first prisover apprehended 1s Oscar Kirgston, ca'ling himself a merchant, trom Philacelpnie, who was charged with stealing £25 from Mr. Kdden, a commercial traveller, sleepirg at the Reyal Hotel, Manobester, on Tuesda; night. The other gives bis name Daniel E Branch, an he calla himself a lawyer, from New York. He was taken at the Aa-lphi Hotel, Liverpool, on Thursday. charged with ibavirg extered the bedrooms of to travellers and robted them. the Aloion Hutel, Man- cheater, tm Tuerday night, ia adei-ton to’ he ing stolen a Jarge quantity of foreign eoias from the Jandlora’s bedroom. Toese prisomera stated on their apprehersfon that they were intending to return to America by the Persia steamer on Sa- turéay, and while they were under exsmination on Saturcsy morning an electric telegraph message was re- ceived at Manchester, that an accomplice, named Allen Howard, hed been that morning apptehenied, on boa: the Persia, as it wes leaving the port, for robsing a gen- tleman of £600 at @ hotel in London. OF this money Orcar Kirgs.cn had paid £100. 9 Bank of England note, to Mestrs. Emary & Co., of Regent street, his tailors, geting the charge, and hexeean advertisement in the Times ot Wecnescay from this firm, requesting to know “Mx, Orcar Kingston’s pre.ent address.” The publication on Fiidey of the cireumstances un- er which the priacners} bad been apprenented at Mavebester brought a le:ter to Manchester also on Satur- day from the Hotel de la Rue, Paris, stating that Bzansb ‘bud con mitted rome heavy robbesies there. It is stated thst Branch hed sent off to New York, betore he left France, a trunk by & steam veseel sailing from Havre, ai- dressed to himrelf, 10 be left at the offices of the company till cal’ed fur; and, as tbis is supposed to contain a good éeal of the plurder acquired by the confederates, a mea- senger is about to be seut off tor the purpose of taking 8 peepinto it. When Ovcer Kingston was taken at the Royal Hotel, Mancbecter, ne had managed to divest him- self of everyth'ng which could lead to a suspicion of his cal ing, bat cubsequently two instruments were found ecpetaled tehind ma s or cilcio'hs, between his bedroom and tat which had seen robbed, whica threw a light oa vhe facility with which gentlemen’s bedrooms ejuld be entered and piurderec without much distartance. One of these 1s sn fr strumen: entirely of steel, fa the form of & morticing enivel. well acapted to cat out spanel, urtcrew the hinges of a box, or forge open a coor. The ouher is in the formn of a pair of pliers, the two ends of which, when presied together, form « barrel, welt adapted to lay bold cf the end of s key 90 as te turn it in ike lock, 60 that, tupporing @ door to be locked in- tide, and the key lett in the lock, the perscn having these pliers in bis possersion would re able to turn the key from the cutside, ard on leaving the rovm could relock the door witbout ihe nrcersity cf removing the key. Among the luggage of Bratch was funda formidable inatiument used by thieves in New York, snd jtermei a “knuckle-duster.”’ It is @ thick flat piece of metal, abc ut three-quarters of a pound in welght, with boles at one of the edges through whish the four fingers of the hard can be passed. When put on for use and the fingers clipched cver it, the lerger portion ot the meta! fils the Ost, while the cuter edge presents four rings of solid metal over the knucties of the second joints of the fingers, calculated to give povertul effec: to a blow s ruek by the wearrr. Up toSaturday information had been rereived of twelve or fourteen hotel robte ier, which the prironere ate ruppesed to have perpetrated, several of the mcm: rerious beirg in London avd Paris, ‘The prisoner, Daniel &. Branch, wae first placed at the tar ot ike polics court, to be re-exerined on the charge © five robberies during Tuestey night at the Aloion Hotel, Marcbester; but ultimately only cre case was tehen against him. 'n‘pector Maytery and police ecn- # able Sbanicy ceccrlbeed tho apprebsurion of the prison. er wt the Adelphi Hotel, Liverpool, and the search of bis iwegege. They procuced four sbi-te, marked ‘MM. deB.,”? armail pertemonneie with mother of Peart #ides, inlaid with silver, anda silk mantle, Mr. Mickuel ce Borgue said he bad been lodging at the Albicn Hetel, Manchester, and weut to Iondon on fourrdsy week, intendicg to retorn next day, and had consequently left his luggage behind. He dic not returo until after the robbery, when he miesed all the articles qrocuced, He could not rwear to the mantle or purse, because be had no private marks on them; but the shirts were his property, and had been taken from the Aibion Hotel. hey were bought from a celebrated sbirtmaker in Paris, who put initials “SM. de B.? on them. Other evidexce was tendered, showing that the priso rer sept at the Alb‘on cn Taesday night, and left very early next morning, with the other tacts of @ sus- picious character dc tsised at the examization on Thurs- dey. Mr. Overs, burtister, defended the prisoner, and, set: tirg acide the claim ot’ Mr. de Bazgne to the mantle acd purre as cne not proved, he cirected attention to the wosrks on thesbirts. He raid Branch openly stated, when be was first brought up, that he had been travelling for menths in this country and on the Con'men‘ was there in the evidence to negative the supporition that he borght shirts in Paria as well ae Mr. de Burgas, aud even from the ssme maker’ Taois admitted, there was really no evidence agains’ bim, inasmuch as the ini- tals were the same for buh nsmes. Mr. Mauce (cheirwan of the magistrates) said, the one nsme was Michael co Burgue, ani tre other Daniel F. Branch. Mr. Gvens said, that was 60; bat supposing Branch vhen stked what name be woud have maiked upon ih sbirts, 10 sey his name was ‘Mr. D, E. Branch,” # Pari- sien would be very jikely to understand bim Monsiear de Branch, ard aceorci: gly mark the initiais “ M. de B..”” which was exact y the mark on these shirts, witha space betwern the D ard E. Le mogistuater, without taking much time for con- tidera ion, Cec'ded to coaimit the prisoner for trial Overy Kirgstoa was (hen placed at the bar, charged vih entering @ bedrcom at the Royal Hotel, sanches- ter, on the same night. Mr. Stenieland, sulicitor, of Boston, Lincolnshire (who, itis +nid, bas keen robbed of @ large cua recent'y at hotel in Lord:n) conducted the case, Mr. Ey den, London, iad he slept at the Royal Hotel cn Tueseay riget. About bal dy ornirg be was ewore by & persin kaving entered his bedrocm, and who he saw ¢xamining his coches at the foot cf the tee, It ene @ man in crawers and Jersey vest. He arked him what ne did there? when the man bornded out of ihe 100m end witners after him, but the ran ercaped; ani he could not sty which way hs took al'rg the corridor. Notes to the value of £25 had been tehen frcm one of his pockets, which were afterwards found en the floor outs de his door. Had locked his be rocm dcor o going to bed, and left the key in the coor- ‘The evidence given on Wednesday, of the prisouer be- irg peen on the Janding over Mr. Fildes’s room after tae roobery, with cther suspicious circumstances, and tho firdirg of the chisel and pliers spoken of above, was again repeated. Mr. B.S, Sowler, barrister, addrersed the beneh upon the case in favor cf the prisoner, observing that the prerecutor could not ifentity Kingston as the man in bis Becrcom when he awoke, and all the other circum- starces were matters of mere suspicion. Tue Pench wid they would ccmatt the prisoner for tris], Mr. Stonisland here eaid, that he had himeolf been robbed while at # hotel 14 London of w large sum of m ney (£600,) azd he had reason to be .feve the prisoner was aa accciplice in the robsery. Another man, con- nected with the prisoner, had just been captured cn Diard the Persia, at Liverpool, when about to sail for New York, and would pe taken'to London for examina fin, several waiters from Moriey’s Ho'e!, London, wh hsd'beea Cown at liverpool to identify sho prison having to 16 Lendon, where it would pe more coc venitus fer that reason t0 bear the care. He wished the prisoner Kington, therefore, to be remanded, and hat the magistrates would give bim up to be taken to Lnéov. Mr. Maude raid, he would remand the prisoner, but the best way to proc:ed would be to apply for @ naleas coryur. ‘The wogirtrates declined to consider any application fer bail at present. Livenroot, April 19, 1856, On Fri¢ay nigh’ a telegraphic mensage was received in Liverpoo) from Lendcn, stating that a man, euspected ot being cornee ed with the garg ef.sxeliobsmen who effected the large robberies at several London hotels a few fays ego, hed chenged a number of the missing notes inthe metr po'is, and bad, it was believed, gono fo Liverpcol, On Saturday morcing, at an early boar, Seoit, cre ef the locsi detective cfilerrs, having bsen wade fanilisr with the dercription of the man wanted went on boaid the royal mail steamsbip Persia, which «preparing to leave the port for New York, with the mails and an unusually iarge nutmber of passengers, Atier mek rg e irqairies, he went up to one ot the frit cabin pasrergers, a smart-locking Yankee, wih « mcusteche and bearc, who wore elegantly cos’ clothes | avd eclred boots, and sportéd a quantl y of heavy jowel- ty, and a farcy stick, wih s gold horve's leg tor 1 Dandie, He charged him with being concerneamith tan ren, arprehendec in Mensbester, in the Iondon hove, roblerier, and tock him into custody. The wau’s nme ts Ailen Toward; he if about Ub years of me, ant lee apparentiy recentiy been in Francs, his Inzgage havice tke French reilwoy \ickets upon thers On mine rearebad the fcllowitg moerey wew found ta a lenge nae insteced round bis bes :-~116 halfsovere’gra, 18 twenty. dollar 54 coef, £2 ten dollar pieces, £4 five dollar plese, and cther moneys, amounting in sil jo nearly £000, He wor, the seme merti:g, frwarced t4 London. past 2 o'clock on Weda: - | CHANGE OF PUBLIO ¥HKIING AGAINST WALKER—THH . LEAGUE AGAINST HIM, [From the Boston Travellez, May 9.] The wig Belen Jone. Capt. Nickerson, from Omoa, Houdurae, April 18, arrived at this port this morning, Capt. Nickerson. on his isnt arrival here from Honduras, reported that the lcadirg inbabitants of that country peared to be well effected towards General Waker, opirg that ‘bhrough him they might enjoy the blessings ofastable government, Onc the retarn it. Nieker- son to Honcurss, howeve:! ne found the public s:ntiment. the feetiog there mow is one of opperition. in covrequence of the stories eirculated of the conduct of his men in Nicaragua, and of the contri- butions which he has levied upcn the people of that eountry. one ast direct secounts from Honduras stated that Cavenas, the former rresi¢ent of that Province and a jeder , hed beep driven out by « sudden revolution, at the head of which was General Guardioia, who is named President, Cabanas fled to General Wainer, and with the aid of severai hondred of his men and about fifteen hundred of hi: own Scant are marched towards Honduras. Ov his ar ivsi at the frontier, he made a panse, having become cieguated with the eoaduct of nis. ‘ew allies, and with ‘h+ patriotic remark that he would not be instrumental in bringing such misery upon his country, be sucden y ivft, and is now io San Salvador. The question whetver or no Honduras will join in the eague against Waike-, is not deffai‘ely settled. The Pre- rident and hia cabinet are io favor ofthe meacare. In se oftheir joiting they could, perhaps, bring into the 4 1,500 men, With tho exception of this, the Province f Honcuras is now much quieter then it hes been for a xumber of yes: Americal ho were formerly great favorites in hat prvvince, are now looked upom with much suspicion, cme fiom what quarter they may, and ste narrowly watched te seo if they briog with them am- munition or weapons of war. stemala, it is stated in Honeuras, is armivg against Walker, and will probably tring a large force inio the field. Ot vate 2 puxber of Anericans have been at!racted to the Province of Oiensbe, Honduras, by the reports of gold mines, snc goid bas been found, butnot in suffi- clent quantities o infy the 6 ine, and s number zeached Omoa on their return. Several Americans bad, however, commrnced the undertaking of turning the bed of a river, where tbere was an eddy, in the hope of finding a large ceposit of gold there. Shonld they tail, they wouid al! revurn to this country. Affatrs in Virginie. OUR RICHMOND CORRESPONDENCE. Kicnmonp, Va., April 30, 1856, The Presidency--The Teague Against Buchanan—The De- mocrats Preparing Acively for the Contest—Fhe Know Nothing Comwntion at Staunton—The Whig Foiled—Our City Goxrmment, dc., des According to the friends of James Buchanan, Virginia will go in his favor tor the Presidency. The recent in- structions to the delegates to Cincinnati from the “Tenth Legicn,” which gives nearly ove half the deraseratie ma- jority of the Commenwealth, is considered decisive upom this point, It is said thates tue “Tenth Legion” goes, so Coes Virginia, and perhaps with good reason, for to ths overwhelming democra'ic vote of that region is due tne assencency of that party in the Commonwealth. Judg- ing by the relations w! the leading men whe figured at the ‘Tenth Legioa’? eonvention, hold to \Wire, I am led to thiok—indeed, I feel almost certain—that the preferences there expressed for Buchanan, and the instructions given to the delegates to support him at Civcinuati, were chiefly owing to hia influerce. The men who weie directly instrumental ig bringing atout this result, are known adherents of Wise, and hexee their pre‘erence fur his choice, Just in proportiin as the manifestations in favor of Bachenan increase, do the Pierce and Hunter eiique exer- cise themselves to effect his defeat, Thelr only hope, however, reems to rest upon a strict adherence to the two-third rule in the csnvention, and I rather think they will sncceed iu this, i:asmuch ag this rule is regarded the cnly cafeguard for tee South. Whether euch be the case or not, the press in the toterest of Hunter empha- rize the great necessity of # strict adherence toit. The arguments upon this head are not without theic in- fluence, for the principle being 20 closely identified with Southern interests, acd ce‘ermed the only safe bar- rier sgainst the prepondera ing Northe:m influences, is coked upon as paramoun) to apy consi feratimne of place or patronage. In this, therefore, may be said to consist the dangers which bevet Buchanan, sod you may rort sesured its agency will be exercized to the fullest availacle cxtent. It tne intrigue is successful, a spit in the democratic ranks will be toe inevitable result. The friends ot Bucharan alreacy mani’est olssatisfac‘ton, ard scem ceurmized upon revenge if their favorite ia overslaughed by any unde ground combinations. Meanwhile, the emccrats of all shades and ¢ol actively preparing for tae contest, Demoeratic associa- tions are being ugapizea in ali quarters, and distingulsb- d orators from au parts of the country invited to a: es them. The utmcst caution seems to be observed oth dy the press and pubic orators in the exp gssion of reference or any} carciuate. The only avowats. made bos far, in this rerpecs, were thore mate by the demo- rats ci the “Tenib Tegion,” and they were led o thief ccurre, no cond:, by a consciousness of he infiuence which tue cxpression cf their pre- Gexces would exrcise, and a desire to promote the prospects of Bucbsnan by setirg an example waich would be certaip to exert a potent influence upon the otker disizis' corventions thronghout the Comeon wealth. The convention to essemble at Staunton on Pnesd: rex’, the tb prex., seems to have assnmed a new charae- ter. At firet it wis uncere ood to bea calor a whig con- vention, originatirg vith Mr, Baldwin, of Augusta coun- ty, ard otter cisti: guished o!d jine whigs of tne Common. but instead cf that, it appears it will be a Kaow Nothing ecnvention. Whether the whiga who set out with thia chject will atten¢, and endeavor to approp tate ite energi«s in furtherence ef their views, is yet un- known. It is certain that the move originated with them, snd it ia whis:ered that they will make an effort to give is the direction which they had contemplated in the begivrirg. The signs indicate that the con- ven ion will be well attended. Delegates bave been appeluted in all parts of the State by the han- cieds, ar@ a8 many ou'sicers as think proper to tend, will be welccme. For the prerent the whiga seem to be comp etely ove:rkacowed, and doubtless this Know Nothing rally was & tten up io foil their efforts at orga- nization. When th's storm sudsices, it is probable, if the ensuing corventio n does rot result ine tation of the two Farties, that the whizs will makearaly in far- therance ct the objests proclaimed by the whigs of Ker tucky. It is certain beycnd all question that many of wort dislinguisbed whige of this State will mot vote the Philade!plis ticket. Already rome of them have avo their purpore to suppert tLe democratic nominee. Taos. Ss. Haymord, of Marion c-ucty, and once the whig repre- genta ive frem thay district in Congres, hee come out flatfcoted for the democratic candidats, Wm. M. Bur- well, of Bedford county, a meober of the last House of Delegates, and reeentiy e¢itor of the American Organ at Wssbirgton, in a speech in the House, insinu- ated bis purposs to sustoia the democzatic nominee, if his position upon the S whern question was such a8 woud meet bis wishes, He is evidently disra*isfied with the Philadelphia nomirees. Dr. Thomas Withers, of Petereturg, a Cefeated cantidate of the Know Nothing party for tLe Heuve of Del-gates at the last elec:ion, has become cireflectd. At srecent mee‘ingia that city, to #ppcint celegates to he 5 avn'on convention, he pro- , committal to Fillmore without satis‘ac- crmation aw to his postition upon the Kansas-Ne- isha bill. He is & waa of considerable ability, and wieics no small icfluence in bis distsict, Such reeults are but legitimate consequenses of the | conduct of that party, wherever they have the power. I am no party man. I have never voted for any e for ‘cflice in my lifa, and I ehell alter Y present intention ir I do not péreist im that course, Oosupyirg, therefore, this neatra! position, I can, I may ssy with tuth, judge impartially of the course ¢f parties acd politicians. To fine atcve example cf the mischie- vous policy of that party-—I mean Know Nothing party—it would bs but recessary to review the course of mest Of the functionaries elstet by that party in this city, They ret out with load profersions in favor of re- form; but, insiead of carrsiog out that policy, they placed the contio! of the city under men who were at Igast, many of therm, ureble t6 dcaw up a simple resolu: thn ‘of inquiry, Such aceres of blunders, such gross ioiemanegerent of the affsire of the city, ae marked the adounistiation of atleirs under the Know Nothing oligarchy, fur the past twelve months, never was kno#n rizce Ritbmcnd was iccorporsted. So ignoran’ were the City Council of the actzal state of the fineaces of the city, and the sums nesersary to main‘ain tke city povernment, that they were criven, after = lapse cf reveral month’ from the dete of the tax bill, and alter, I believe, the wi amount of that tax bill was colected, to impore ao siditional tax of 30 per cent, 7 This war Ceemed unoopaiituti nal in the beginning, but the citiveces mceing the ne ty for its payment, raised no question on that ie City Attorney deciared it cons \ivutional, ard gran! The first w notable sct of this Counsil—tce first act of ‘reform’? waay the citmissal of a democratic pelice offiser, named White, who Lad acted in that capacity for thirty or thirty-two Jeers, an old eoldier of 1812. In matters of prcseription they con'd act with » premp'ncee whiea, in a good cause, would be attended with ccnsicerabla benefit. Tois city, in fact, in i's retrograde action as regards thecharacterof |» ite ade iviatratien, bas vo parallel in the Union, perhaps in the world, And it cannot be otherwise, in view of the fet that it fs altogether uccer the control of totally irre- sponsib'e persons. The elections are in the hands of par- Vier, the great mejority © whom have no direst interest in the city; their relations to it are nothing more taar exists between a citizen and ihe State or Union. There are no property ties, and henee lictle interest is mani {ested with reference to tre character of the administra- tcp to which the gcver. ment cf the eity is entrusted Few respectable men ever go to the pol’; 1¢ would, 1a sact, be xo use, for their votes would be altogether over- wheimed by the claes of persons to whom I have alinied. And a on inevitable and ead reevit of this preponde- yarce, men who wou!d otherwise be pure and uprigh} be- come merfal snd corrupt, ‘under the influence of the oitsy which is engendered through this impare medium, t is a sad spectacle to wituees men who hay ve occupied poriticre in the ecmmurit Vulgar, vieicus gang. Suen pandering to the favors of » how in thie cit, ‘This sta’ i Nothinginm. It datergo farther base that ¢ Se rigia ot thie perty, and will, I feo] confiient, cease to exist when that pary, as there inevery jikeihood, shall resolve it~ reif {cto ith original elemente—whigw Ly Cur city ia @t present intested with & Jate accensien— who #iruple not even curirg civine serves snd vod the members, Several ins‘arces of this sort kave cccurred within the past week. several stoves in tho ci'y have been broken into: ard rcbbed of copsiderabie sui had thie year. Tao This is the hottest day w jucing many to make. prospect cfm very hot summer peoparaticns to go to the Sprip ft Norfolk smd Ports, caches, from an apprf- Several have, 1 uxcerstand, Wovth as the warm weather w Dest thet ibe yelow fever might reappear there,