The New York Herald Newspaper, January 5, 1856, Page 2

2 ste of Indians, to ascertain and a@just the titles to im that State, under the several acts of Congress making and conti grants to settlers; bat the aixth seotion required it to tts session on the Ist of Se, ‘tember last. It was unable to finish the basiness ov fied to it, ani it therefore becomes uesessary wo revive ‘the old boara or create a new one. ‘The latter is perhaps the better course, and it is sup- Jored that one commissioner will be fufficient, who abould be appointed for # limited period, with aashority to decide upon such claims as from any cause have not Deen acted upon. New land dis'ricts are frequently carved out of old ‘ones, and the acts are made to take eifect from their pas- goge. The officers in the oid districts cannot receive timely notice, 0 as to « sales at their cffices of Jands in the new districts. To obviate this difticulty, aud mot withdraw upnecessarily from the market te lands in Me new districts previous to thelr thorongh organiza- ton, it 1s proper to provide by general law thut ‘he aew Smee sbail not go lato operation for six months from the passege of the law establishing them, unless ia the Judgment of the /residert an eurlier period is necessary, PENSIONS, ‘The affairs of the Peusion Office bave been conducted with great efficiency and signal ability. Its business has Targery tnereased, and rencered the labors of the Commis- sioner and his yubordinates arduous and severe. Most of the difficulties have been overcome and every branch is up te date, except that having charge of boun’y lands granted by the recent act of Congress to certain oificers and soldiers who bave been engaged in the military ser- vice of the United States. Strennous and unremitting efferts have been made promptly to execute this act. Some complaint arose from the apparent want of promp- tivude cf the Pension Office; but the facts, so luci ty stated in the accompanying report of the bead of that bureau, clearsy show there was not the slightest founda tien for it. amount of preparatory lsbor was very great, to perform which, with desirable despatch. was be- the power of the force in the Pension Olice, and [ to derail in aii of it many of the clerks from the Land Offiee. Such bas been the Comumissioner’s success that the law is being carried into more efficient effect than any of like character ever was before. The whole work de completed in lees time than was anticipated. Ta sumber of app ications to the 20ch ultimo wns 225.94 the e examined number 84,500, of which 59,892 have Deen allowed, 24,608 suspenced or rejected; and the mumber of warrants issued 55,917, covering 6,578,320 aeres. In the ontset the Department directed the applications to be taken up for exumination in the order in whic? they were prevented, so as to protect taose at 4 distance who could neither come nor employ agents bere. The mame rue prevails in regard to pensic Commissioner of Pensions, upon his being satisfied of the cessation of the disability of an invalid pensioner, and aiter the latter has had amole opportunity to show ite continuance, and fails or neglects to Co is, mould have the power to suspend the payment of the pension, or sizike the pensioner’s name from the roll. No doubt 6 based ground are drawiog therr pensions semi-an- mually, although since the allowance they have entizeiy wecovered. The nature of the diseas* contracted in the Mexicon war, and which has s» much lengthened the voll, indicates this. Certsinly some of them have been revtored to good health, but failed to commuuicate the Meet to the Yension Oiice. A thorough investigat‘on’ of ‘this matier would probably produce strange develope- ments, and lead to some riogular and interesting dis- ures. The pension laws are so crude, undigested and con- Mletwmg, thatit is morally impossible to exezute them sat is'actorily. They possess neither uniformity, equality or Justeess. Their defects are so obvious and glaring that a eurrory examination will vatisfy tho most skeptical of The necessity ofa revision. It would be a hard task to devise s more incongruous or perplexing system than the presen: complicated one. It way become advi-able to full back upon the old prin- eiple of incigence. to which every one having any claim to humanity would cordia'ly subscribe. If it were re @umed, and the meritorious and needy soldier, his widow ex minor children, could receive enoagh to supply their Recessary wants, no one would raise the slightest onjec- tion to such manifestation of the public gratitude. Now ‘they are in receipt of a few dollars & month, waich al know is entirely insufficient for the most ordinary pur- pores. if pensions were continec to this class, and their Bratuities properly enlarged, the system would meet with ‘wniversal approval. I beg leave again to bring to your notice the statate li- malting to two years prosecutions for perjury and forgery committed in “pensiin and land warrant eases, Many eximinal: have set up this plea, and escaped the vigilance of the burean and the prosecuting officwrs. In most cases St is hard to cetect the culprit befure the time for the stitution of crimival proceeaings has expired. There w mine convictions curing the last year, and a like number of prosecu‘ions are now ponding fhe number of pensicners ov the rolls of tho several ageneiés for paying pensions was, on the thirtieth day of Jane last, 14,488. and the amount disbursed during the Dast fiscal year wae $1,505,112 The sums in the hands of the pension agen‘s hav Jeng'h been reduced to what is required for th annes! paym:nts, allowing a smal\ m reduced fi , having been 80, on the in ihe aggre; h, 1863, to Sz In my last report [ remarked that, from the large amounts it had been customary tor thea to bave on hand, it was not deubted that they bad been fi ponssted for thelr services. Tne more ioformation coa ued in this regard ihe more confirmed I am in tue cor- reeiness cf that opinion. The present compensa when the agents are governed by the existing stri lew, must be sufficienr, a= whe after, and the dunes were mever more faithfully fou agh: yore My attention was early drawn to the fact that advaners $0 a censidersdle amount hid been made to the agen’s appointes for the payment of army pensions unter the gets of 15th May, 1826, and 7th June, 1832, Fach of these acts contain: a cluuse making quisite appra- priation tor the payment of all th which may » admitted under it; aud hence it has not been nece sary to ask for yearly appropriatiows from Congress in these asin other cares. Advantage had been taken his eireumstance to make the advances refersed to, aud, en examination, it was found that the amount in the hands of the agents exceeded, nner one a:t, what would be required to be disbursed curing » period of several quarters, and, under the other, of several years. Mo satistac!ory Lets! was found to exist for with- @rawing he money from the Treasury, a2 it was evi That no part of it lied been arrop portion only as was actually requi mnder the Jaw. Ins*ructions wece t! eontinue the practice ot making # Fequite those already male to be refunded to the Trea mury. The result of this aciion is exhivited by the fl Jowing statement:— ‘Amount collected ani repai the ect ot May 15, 1828, into the Treasury, under om Ist July, 1863, to 20h re. $56,002 69 sury, under the act of June 7, 1 the rame time..... Making an aggregate of....... = + «$257, 1 During the same pericd the payments under the same act» were— Under wet of May 1 «$158,872 00, Under act of June 7 . 110,487 05 28... 2 $186,309 05 Leavirg an excess of collections over the ex- tures of. 2 $70,822 29 Which bas been car ‘i fa @ surp 5 From this it will be seen that nothing was in fact drawn from the T:easury duricg the last two fiscal years em account of the pensions admitted under th bat that wl] those pensions, including tne com: oftke iow agents and the incideata! expenses oi th several agencies, amounting in ali to $184,308.06 were satisfied out of ihe collections mate as before show aides which the sum of $70, , not wants mediate use, was paid buck into the Treasury Tn view ef these facts, and to guard against @ recur- vence of a similar state of things, it is respectfully s.g gested that Congiess be reques ed to repeal the printing clause in the acts alluced to, so as to ren¢ Heeeseary hereafter to rely upon annual appropri for the meaus of executing them, as in o-her eas The accounts of the pension agents are al present usted by the Third and Fourth Auditors, the wing charge of these for paying aud the ‘those for paying navy pensions to the revi ion the Second Comptroller of the ry. Conseynently, however faithfu! snd conscientious these officers ma a perfect uniformity cannot be expeeted in the adjast- ment of these accounts, although no god reason is ap parent why principles should not qovern in respect to each class of To secure such uniformity is « could be done by causing al ccounts of those agen’s to be. sudited in one off » Smportant that these accounts, before being submitted to thi account. ing officere ot the Treasury, should pase unter the super. viston of this Department, irom which the remit‘ances to the agente are ordered. The accounts growing out of the survey and public onda, invel r amouate ears past been w ot to the revis fury, and the p anlis. ‘The aceounts of the pension agents cont! in like man ner be andited at tae Ven fice, with great conve. pience to the nervice and advantage to the governmeat, subject to the same revision as ut p t, and so be Bade to pass uncer the supervisi n of two depar ts 4 by the Interior re nent, Should this recom s above aug: sirable, aw troller of the Trea atteaded with good re- amstead of one, being a) vised by the Treasury Depnr mendation be aopted all the would be secured: in adaition to which, this Deps would have within iteelf such intormation ax stantly in need of in the administration f its made in respect to the h are at present adjusted by to the revistoa of the Second sronnts Comptroller of the Treacur. ihe believed that these accounts could be audited with equal convenierice and benefit at the Indian Bureau, sub- fect, of course, to the same revision as the present, and that similar advantages would thus be secured iu refer- ‘ence to them as in the cases previons\y THE MESILL. BOUNDARY. ‘The field work of the Mexican boundary surrey, I re Joice to ray bar been completed. The promptitude, dis Jh, and eminent ability displayed in its recen' pro. gecution reflects the highest credit upom the Commis. sioner. Under the severest hardahtps and grentest priva- fons he has run the ine through a country generally destitute of everything necessary to the sustenance of human life ina remarkably short space of time, and yat Joft nothing undone which duty required. The appro- ions made for this specific purpose have not been Exhausted, but # large balance retains unexponded. The Gffice work will now be prosecuted witht vigor and finish. dar coon aa practicable. ‘A fall report of the operations of the commission, when published, will exhibit much interesting information rei- Htive to the territory noquired, by the treaty of 30ch December, 1853. It contains about twenty milion of sores of land. The easterm portion of ft {) ‘raversed from north to south by several strona wiih, thoagh ‘vot navigable, efford unfailing faci.ities for trrigatios. ‘The valleys of eome of the tream= cultivated, and yoduee wheat, corn, ana trba-ce luauriantly, thoagh iy general they are better wiepiad to grasing Gold, a@rrer aud copper are found ‘n'the hills, but not im placers, NEW YORK HERALD, SATURDAY, JANUARY 5, 1856. apd in many places the revains of ancient Spanish fniping operations yet exist. The western Pe of the country, bordering upon the Colorado and Gila rivers, prerents « ‘striking contrast, being » hopeless desert, though knew to abourd with silvar ore. ‘This Territory is not so much the abode of hostile In- dians as it is the avenue neo which their ecuntry, worth of the Gila, to the Ni of Mexico. A portion of it, however, is bo pn Chui civilized pation of Indians, eompcved of a racy of Pinos and ‘Indians nom! 16 is said, about two thousand warriors. They till the soil wish tsuch success, raising cotton, wheat, corn and beans, and are said to be ever bee friendly to Ame- riean €m ts passing through their country to Cali- fernia. y are understood to set up Seen te the land they ocsupy, under some general law of Spain or Mexico, and manifest much anxiety lest by the transter of territory to the United States their possession may be disturbed or injuriously affected. They are said to be at constant war with the hostile tribes inhabiting the coun- try north of the ( and their only barrier to tae ocea- pation of this rewly sequired country. These facts would seem to claim for pecallsr consideration at the hands of the government. NORTHWEST BOUNDARY. Attention is again ea? nestly called to. the importance of an esrly survey and demarks tion of the bouncary line between the United States and the Brilish provinces ia the rorthwert. In order to prevent tuture difficulties and embar a-sments, it is desirable that the wnole of the unrurveyed bounvary between the two countries shoald be auth ‘ritatively eetaolisne upon the ground, but more eepec’ally that porticnot it which forme the northern bouncary of the newty organized Yerriiory of Washing- ton. Jn the chanvel which separates Vancouver's Islan’ frem the mata convent, and through the middie of which, according to the convention of 1846, the line of boundary passes, there is a large and interesting geonp ot islands, which sre much desired by our citizeos, but the settlement ot them will naturally be retarded, if not entirely prevented, until the pouxcary iine shall have been definitively determined PATENT OFFICF. The reorganization of the Patent Offire bas been par- fected, und its gooe effect already sensibly experienced Several important amendwents ts the patent la vs were suggested by the Commissioner of Putents in his Inet re- port, which are necessary to the mere efficient sction of the Pureau, and are in themselves reasonadle and entire: ly unobjectionaste. Since the first of January last there have heen issued upward of eighteen hundred patents, and within the year the number will probably reach two thousand. Thix is the result of the judicious and excellent system tha’ bas been adopted, and which eraoles the office promptly to examine aud dispose of every application that is pre- verted. Several of the rooms in the basement story of the Pacent Office builcing are occupied by the Iodian Aureaa, Previously it was in « buildirg not fire proof, and much expored toconflogration. 1 dit not feci justified in keep: ing in covstent jeopsrdy its records, files and payers of such irmense Value and importance, the Joss of whi:h would be irreparsble, both in a historical and peeuvisry point of view. Experience has already taught is folly, d the lessen should net be disregarded. cireeting the change to be made, I satisfied my- self wat, although it might put a few ofthe clerks in the Patent Cflice 10 -ome nience, it would uot mate rially interfere wich their labors, nor escentially with a correct end efficient drech: of their duties. by 1ome it fs coutenced that the entire building shoul? be exclusively appropriated to the use ot the Patent Offi and to this, under any otber than extraorcinary cire: stances, I should cheerfully assent, But when I lok at the fact that the entire structure, so far as completes, bas cost sowe sixteen hundred thouswnd dollars, of which $1,279,700 has been drawn from the Treasury, avd ouly $ Ofrom the patent fund, and that it was impossi- ble to secure for the Indian Burean such build.ng as irs necessity dercanded, 1 could tind no plausivle preext for hazarcitg millions of the public property; more especiully when it was evident it was not absolutely nec2ssary to the ‘ull and proper exeeution of the patent laws, and would not to apy great extent incommode the Patent Office. It will cequire a turther sppropriation to west wing of the Pateut Office buildirg. T cost $07,700. Owing to the declivity of the grade, an acditional story was required in the west wing. I: was fourd necesea’y soto construct ite barenent, sub-base- ment, and principal story that each might be coaverted into one large room when the requirewents of the Patent Office Cemand it. To accomplish this object marble, and gianite piers and architiaves have been introduced, which are vot in the corresponding stories of the east wiog These and other adcitions co-t about $100,000, and ye* the whole expenciture will not exceed that of the cast wirg. Rhewortt part of the building should be commenced. The estimated cort ix $450,000, without a portico. A partial estimate for its constructicn bas been #ubmitted. ‘There is a large room in the Patent Otlice, designated the Na‘ional Galery, whieh is not used for any practi- cal purpose. It has been made the depository of the les of the Exploring and other expeditions, and of are articles worthy of preservation. If they could ed to a rore suitable place, tt vould be very aa- atent office. This room is one of the large » building, being two bundied and sixty feet long, ond sixty-two feet six inches wide; and the cases it covtain, as 1 am informed, cost some thirty thousand Mare, arawn fiom the patent fund. The annual charge vw the government for merely taking care of and suyer- intending it is $5,180. The rom is required for tae cipesal and exhibition of + d models, for is so well caleulated, and was probably designed. ec eonld then determi e which of te das useless, aod which placed on ald be brought to light a set of mblic. of sca cely less import- than those now so well exbiblted io the cabinets of mccels of patented inventions. This would be a great acquisilion to inventors, one of the most meritorious and deserving clasre> of our cilizens. The evilection in the gallery—a very curious interesting, and instructive one— ie constently open to and attracis large numbers of vieit- ers, which in ilvelt is very proper; but, when taken in connexion wil the secrecy and seclusion to which the inventions ané werles are entitle? whilst under ex- mination, it becomes a privilege of doubtful prop-iery, calculated, as it is. to disturb the employees of the Pateut Office in their bu-iness and to affect, in some tstances, the mteres's cf the inventors. The celectivn bas no conpexion whatever with the Patent Office, and may as well, theretore, be placed elsewhere. ‘The apy vopria or agriculturs} purposes have been ane judiciously applied. weeds were well ae- d dist:ibated. and from all the information re- : beneficial results are anticipaced, JUDICIAL DEPANTWENT. the app intnent of Marshals and District Attorneys of the United States belorgs to another department, and the supervi power over thelr acevunts, as well as eof the clerks of the federal courts, is confided to ‘The eyetem doer not work weli, and it in imposst to coriect its many defects without a thorough re- vision of the laws reletiog to and reg ilativg it. Perhaps the best disp len tbat could be wade of at would be to ion ign the accounting part of the Tieasury Depart rent ither powers to the Attomey General. A judicious end well matured revision would remedy tte many evils that Pave quietly crept in. restore that har- mony in the compensation of all the judicial officers that should exist, obviate the necessity of the Lange in this Department, which may with impuniry be abused, restrein the officers from imp sing on the government, pra conduce more certsinly to the enda of just The large increase of the judicial expenses, besides other grave cox fons, Should induce acim upon this nubject. he goverrment bas aaopted the plan of cowstruc'ing wa buildhogs for court purposes in different States, bot nothing has yet been wione in Baltimore, New York, or Boston. With tins view acts were passed by C piving you # limited power, which, however, was ercived. ‘the proposals which had heen recetvel for artes in New York and Boston were sent in oe # criterion ia inaking the proper appropriation. Nothbog was effected, and the sulject remaius fr the further action of Congress. T have po deabt the trne course wonll be to male ample provicion for the purchase of sites and the crectioa of uildings in these ei ies, expressly limiting the expesdt- ture to the specific sums appropriated, leaving the selec tion of the sites and the pion of the buil to the round diseretion of the Pre it. Koowing the neces. sity thal e for suen buil in these cities, its eon- tideration canvo In iy last annual ¢ number of terms the (n fever mgt to your notice the ed States Courts held in the dif- twenty-three terns, ia eighty eight different places. In several of therm there is very little local or general busi nes#, the peculiar rewton for holving courts the:e having red; and y ense ani! jucmventence to tae aud 2s well us the government, wre not pg. By way cf ilu 1 wiki fastance ope judt- 1 district oni t of Congress, approved March 8, 819, * ster organization of the Di trict Court of th isinna,” the State was the eastern anc court tor the W Opelousas, Alexa 1 re winin the State of Lo vided into two judiet il oistric! Stated amnual sessions of th 1 to be heid at Monroe, ant tie at each Vveport an jndge was authorized to appvint a eleck to resi¢ of those places. J July y the amendatory act, ap 1850, auother term of the court was required to be St. Joreph’s, and the judge autho: ized ts appr erk to reside at that piace alve. Toe i February, 1888, provides Ubat when the apy clerk shall be less than $600 per a rece between hie receipts and tual sum a from the Treasury, It appears from the emolumeat accourte of the clerk Joseph's, that frou the 4th May, 1845, to the 20th Muay, 1865, his (ees only amounted to $15 96, and that using the whole of taut period there was not a single session of the court held xt that place. From tne Ist January, 186%, to the dst December, 1954, toe clerk at Monroe dia not earn anything. and durtag the whole of these two years no aehsion of the court was held. At Alexenéria the clerk's fees from the 15th April to the Sst December, 1854, amoua'ed to $250, and the court in cession only two da ‘Thus it will be seen teat, in an aggregate period of about four sears, only t of the court have been held at these three plac Tue Dapertment ts not in possesrion of reports from Opelousas and Shreveport, though it is not doubted the same condition of things prevails there, If so, the cost to the United States, for clerical services alone, over and above the fees earned, in a period of about four years, would amount to noarly $10,000, without any corresponding benefit to the gavecn- ment Besides this, Congress has made appropriations for eon- structing court h ases, in conjane'ion with custom honses and post offices, at several prints where courtanre pot held, in States im’ whieh the number of places for holdirg couri# may not be increased for many years, DISTRICT OF COLU MIVA In the Fistrict ef Columbia i have heretofore ruggestad many improvemonta, and the conat@ction of fre proof public buildings, Their necessity becomes dafly more apparent. The public money may not be so Ju expended, end Tdount whether it wid be applied t poses of greater ntility. Within a few yeare the business of the Patent Office will require the whole of the entire structare fn which it wom {ond the Department of the Interior will have to reek shelter elsewhere. If an appropriation for the eres- tion of a proper departmental bnilcing were now made, It cc uld not be finished and prepared for occupancy in less than three or four years, which is the longest possible time the rooms now occupied by this Department in the © mpensation « the dll Patent Office buiding can with any show of be retained, I* here ore becomes a question of moment whether immediate preparation snoula not be made for the anticipated exigevey. ‘The extent of some of the pndlic greunds has been trenched upon, whilst perbaps thelr Mats should bave been enlarged. Ground e1 for pub ic sehen not been reverved, and many se ere there will an universal regret t More space had not been retained, ‘The estimates for improving and ornamenting the re servations rave been increasel. The plan adopted for the “Mall” should be more vigorously prose ated. Ita P efent appea ence is inelegant, wheo, with a compara- ly small expenditure, it might easily be converted into @ beautiful park. he grounds, for which suitable appropriations were made by Congress, have been well improves, and are admired by all for their neatness, beauty and tastefulness. In this connection | would repeat my former recom- mendation, that provision be made for toe employment ot a competent and intelligent landscape garcener to superintend the improvements of the public grounds and to direct and distribute properly the subordinates and laborers, The “Long Bri¢ge,” asit ia usuaily call-d, crossing the Potomac myer from Wssbington etry, is much ent of repair. It should be replaced bya substan’ ial and. per- ynarent structure. It is @ mater toat caused much so Lichtuce to one of your most distinguirhed pre ecessors, apd surely is not pnwerthy of consideration now, when the b iege is so indispensable and the means of defraying the cost te comaiencten are so abundant, The sppropria ions fer the erection of buildings for the National Hoepital for the in-ane are neatly exhausted. They have teen judiciously and economically expendes, uncer the suyérvision and control of its iovel igen’ surerintendent. ‘The whole sum appropriated is $171,341 which covers the cest of the farm, the present boil 2 furvisbing, fitting up, and ull o her inciden’s! expenses. Ahaovgh orivirahy de-ignea for ninety patieats, the pre rent building will accommoca'e one nundiet. More rocm ard cutbvildings will be required, and I Deve therefore estimated jor them. The sum, though appa rently large, will not be so considered when the humane purposes of the expenditure ara contempiated No af public beneneia: ies calis more loudly on the generosi of the government than the inmates of tue hospital, Its objec, being “the mest bun ane cure an’ entightea- ed treatment of the insane ofthe army and navy of the United States and of the District of Columbia,” “strongly conmends it to the best and kiniest feedings ef the human heart. Aithough the buildings were not complete’, yet there were upwards of sixty patients recetved in:o tue hospital taken care of, previous snd subsequent to the J0tn of ure Inst. ‘Whe Lcavé of Visiters, authorized by act of Congress, has been appointed, organized, and are fat bfully and cheertul- ly dis me race their apropriate duties. The institution has Deen opened under favorable auspices, aud bids fair to be ove / the first in the country. ‘The Warbington Infirmary alo cleims and mortts at- tenticn, it is urder the management ofsome of the moat disiis guished pbysicians ot this cistrict, who gratuitously Jabor in it to alleviate the sufferings ot those under their charge. The annual appropriation mady by Covgress en- ables it to relieve reapy non-rerident paupers who are sucdenly seized with disease in this city. At this time eighteen are proviced for, Dut the number could be in- creased to forty by doubling the ususl appr ypriation. i 1d by the ir-creuse of that class of strangers ond requiring such aid. y is so planned and constructed as not to be weil protected sguinst fire or the eaeape of bold and ingenious convists. indebtedness has been paid, the contract system partially adopied and the strictest eco- nomy and sccountabi t'y estabii-hed, ‘CLERKB. The act of 2d of March, 1855, provides for ten clerks in the office of the Sceretary of the Interior, sn addition to the chiet clerk, Ip consequence of the lage foerease in the burinese cf the Department that numer has been found to be so inrufficient as to rencer it necessary to transfer to it, under the authority contained ia the eame act, one clerk of the fourth claes from the General Land Gfi'ce, and cne of a lower grade from the Pensim Office. While such trazsfers have sup;lied the want here, the; have, at the same time, toa similar extent, weakened the offices from which they have been made. Uncer there circumstances it is better that authority be given for the appowtment of two additional clerks in this De- partment, ore of the third and one of the fourth class. In this ccnnection I beg rave to recur to the compen- sation of ite chief clerk. The prover discharge of bis du- ties requires talents of a high order, great intelligenco, and much experience. Three of the other Departments have, besides chief c'erks, axeistant secretaries, each of whem receives $8,000 per annum, whilst bis salary is only $2,200, Kn.wing the amount and value of ‘his services, 1 hesitate not to sey that his compensation sould in Justice ve equal to theirs, which is not too age. (twatters little by what name he is designated, as it would nut change the nature of nis duties. CENSUS. ‘The House rerolution re'ative to the prepacation and printing of the mortality statistics of the Seventh Census bas teen executed, and it is hoped tais will close that work, ‘The Per itentii SURPLUS FUND. the tenth section of the act of 3lst August, 1852, mahing apprepiatiuns for the fiscal year ending 301b June, 1853, requires ail balances cf appropriations of more than two years’ standirg to be carried to the sar- Jlus furd, except in certain rpecified caves. On the #(th Juve last a minute examination was instituted to arcertain what ballances were liavle to the cperation of that act, in order that the same should be disposed of as required by it. Palances were found urder fifty- heads of ‘acccunt, amounting in the segregate to $250446 16, of the character designa- td. and no lunger requires forfthe service of the De- partment; all of which were duly cerried to the surplus fuxd. Itis confidently ve'teved that by the practice of rigid ecorcmy the expenditures during the present figeal year wil) be kept within the avpropriations, and leave a con- siceraole surplus applicable to the rervice of Hezer following. The estimates for the next fiscal year have been prepared accordingly. INDIAN FUNDS. In his capacity of trustee for the Indisn tribes, the Sreretary ct the Incerfor, for the time being, is required to held in trust» large amount cf securities belonging to the Indians, to collect the interest on them from tme to lime, uf it beecmes Gue, and deposit it in the Treasury or invert 1t tor their benefit. ‘The stocks so beld amount at the present time, in the egate, 10 $2,0.8,879 82; and tne culicciion of the in- on ‘so Isige a principal tx attended with much Jaber ard care, Forme ly this was dove through the agency of bar hirg heuser ; but since the Ist July, 1863, such agency has been entirely dispensed with, and the colle isn made by this Department- The smount thus ed to the present da € is $315,199 52; ail of which been promptly placed in the Treaury as scon as renlived, without apy abatement on acecunt of expeuses. In meking these collections much aid bas been afforded tothe Department by the Assistant Treasurer at New York city, the Lisector of the Mint at Philadelphia, the Pension Agent at Baltimore, and the financial officers of the State of Virginia at Richmond, INDIANS In the Ind‘an Bureau everything bas been done which an shie avd honest diecharge of duty could accomplish. Its operations during the past year have been large aud imperant, embracing a very great extent of country and rearly all “be lnolans withia the boundaries of the United States. With the exception of a few tribes, the Indians buve Leen well dispesed, and anxious to eultivate and preserve friendly rela ions with us. Several important treaties have been made, and others equally £0, will toon be ready for submission to ths 2en- hose already in foree are numerous and of varied charecier. Many of them contain objectionab'e provi- sious and stipeiations, which the government was cor polled to insert at the Indiens’ own urgent solicitation, being the production of the vicious influences which too often surround them on treaty occasions. It therefore Tequiles grea care and wisdom toexecute them properly. Every exertion bag been mace te effect this; and, though ax much has not been accomplished as was de-frable, yet it is hoped » better state of things has been introduced. ‘The lave Commirsioner of the Genera! Land Office was deputes te join the Superintendent of Indian Affairs m Wirconsin, io order that his superior knowlege of the loud system might be made available in the settlement of the vafovs and complicated questions involved with the Stechbuiige end Munsee Indians, A supplemental treaty was inace with them, which has since been disapproved Ly the Superin'eudent, ard immediately after it was exe- cuted by the Coromissioner, for reasons contained in his ane report, herewith transinis'ed, Al'hough persuaded that al ‘one that could be under the circumstanc thea exh yet, from a perusal of the Ptreaty and re- pert, end other reliable information, the stipulations wert not considered beneficial either to the government or the Indions; and there’ore renewed efforts are being wade to arrange more satisfactorily the pending @ifien! tex, to adjvet the ungeitled matters ex'eting be- United States and the Choctaws ana Chicka- ween these two tribes, a ipartite in the past summer, whica if as- ofthese tribes and ratified by e, will produce much good in that section of the Indien eouniry. Besites alleying the anxiety and removing the embarrassments that have co long disturbed cted those intelligent nations, i will open up ge portion of the Choctaw territory for the intro- cued» sno permanent location of the Southern Caman- ches, Wiebitas and other So athwestern tribes, ‘The saw mokes provision for the survey in Kansas Ter ritory of Indian lends under the treaties of 1854; and, where the ret pcceeds of the Isnds ceded ae authorized to be pai over to the Inc fans, the Prerident is required to cause said lands or such parts thereof as be may ceem proper, to ve valved and elmssitied; and when such vala- ation and clrssification shall have been made to bis satis. ficcion, to ernse such lands to be offered at pablic aula, by gai subdivisions or town lots, at such ti places ard fo sach manner amd quantity as to hi appesr proper nnd necersary to carry ut faithfully the sipvlations jo said treaties. Tam advived that nearly all the prerequisites have been completed, and thas wales may be ordered to take place daring the ear] of the next epring. Good faith acd sound policy x thot the tresty stipulations be strictly adhered fo, Mony of the Texas Indians are being gathered on the rerervations set apart in that State for them, and are conducting themselves with marked propriety. These reservations are too small; «till for a time they may an- swer a geod purpose, It may be proper for Congress to extené over toem the laws regnlating trade and inter- course with the Indians, as their applisacion may be found receasary. ‘The Iné agents are instructed to reside amongst the tribes, ay as to be constantly present to advive and bem. It is often iwpoxs'ble to ascertain whether the instroctions are [faithfully complied with, owing to the remoteness of the egencies. The rale, however, has thus far, operated well, and will, it is believ be of much service tothe Indisns, My own opinion is, that it mould Le far better to haye fewer agents, and to give aermpeosation to esch suitable to the condition and cireurostences of his position, so as to bring into requi- sien the chasacter, abfity, and pecuflar fitness 60 mr ch sequired. ‘The dis‘ance of the Indian Bureau from the different tribes of Indians is so great, that frequently 1: is very difficult to obtain correct information abont them, more cepscinlly where the agente are onrelesn or remiss in the discharge <ftheir duies. The present Co omissioner has visiied many of them atmuch inconvenience, but by to doing has require? ag ent deal of useful in’ormation, I botieve it would be-acvantegeous to the Indians and the tweaty war mode e sented to by the coun: government to provide fer an officer, to be attached to the Bureau, whose duty it should be to visit the super- iprendents, sgente and trices, exemice iato all their offvirs, and mate such general and lec reports as would epabe the office to correct sbuses, and submit ruck au @ tendensy ae. if adopted, would have © the condition of the Indians, The tacl'ity with which mauy of the cblefs, head men 810 warriors ere overeume by the tem to which they aie sudjected, ano thus indueed to sign important yopers witheut understanding their onject or purport, bas been productive of much evil. They are not general- ly corrupt, but bee-me the supple tools of conning, de- riguing men. Indians are adcicted to érinking and gambhng. 9nd these garsions are ministered to by many +f the traders and evil disposed persons. The cash ny tem of payments js the root of most of the evils that be- 1s) them. Toabdolish i+ has been the constant effurt of the Lepsriment, but its ruccess has been only partial, owirg to the powerful resistance of the traders, It welt regulaved sye’em eould be introduced smong them by which they coulc cbtain at cout price hac would be, uncer fixed rules and regulations, deemed essential to their com fort, end all the licenses were wi hdrawn from the traders, # etrooger bh -pe of their civil’ zati m and dy mestication migh’ be entertained. The license vys’e.n is an ineubus upon all healthful action m their behalf, aod ‘uptil absndoned will continue to demoralize and degrace them. Awere simple and efficient civil and criminal eode thoula be provided for them, and » cordial co-operation of the States and Territories is which they are located nv: ked, The glightest conflict of juriadictioa or policy lends to dieastrous coprequences, and snouid besedalous- ly avoided. For seme cf the tribes permanent homes have been ertabli-hed, and mony of the Invians have contracted barite of indus sy, scbriety and economy. Phe effect of 1bie upin the whole is very pereeptible and encouraging. Vheir pumver. are inert acing, * conduct {mpro\ ing, and they are be'rg rapidly prepared for the heal hful ex- ecice of the privi egesand the proper discharge of the @utie> of good citizens. Turing ‘he past year many of the tribes wost of the Missierippi by ve bad to contenc with the most untoward circumstences, and it is really extraordinary that they have not been utterly disparited; yet they have, under the reverert adversity, exbibited a degree of fortitude and forbearance wel worthy the imitation ot many of the whites, who beast of their aperior moral and nentalevlture. Few of us would so uureststingly huve permitied ourselves to be unceremoniously thrust from ‘our homes and deprived of our firesidee, Ibey are inces- rantly pressed by tho whites, who, unaer tue plea of necersi!y, exercise their superior sogactty in devices to invade their rights azd cespoil them of their pro- erty. yen }, however, provide for the existing state ot vecurrence to the events that have tran- pexton with them for ths last tew ye show that a condition of affairs bas arisen that never wis crntempiated anc could not easily have been an tipated. ‘Tbix canrot be changed without an a tempt to stay the onward pomee of our people which wouid be fruitless. ‘Le moce of tieatmert must be feos en to their present prculiar condi‘ion, aad the policy a fixed one, as it is not Dbely the character of the circumstances by which they ave Bow surrounced will ever change. Many years bave not elupeed since it was considered that a mixed ocevpaney cf the same territory by the white und red man was incompatible wi h the safety and hbuppiness of einher. A remecial policy wea adop' ed, aud the removal of the Inciaus west of the Mirsissippi river cerermied upon. A guarantee was given them that UFy thovld bave exciu-ive possession of that country leréver, exempt frum eli intrusion ot white men, with smple provisicn for their security against external vio- lence and in‘e:ns] commotions, and the extension to them of suitanle facilities for | htiraévancementin the arts of civilization. ‘Ihe country was congratula’ed by one of Jour predecerscrs up'n their removal to their néw homes, aré the cawning to them of a new and bappy era war pobliely procaimed. But this guarantee has nt beso folfived, and hat propitious ume hos not arrived. A quarter of a centu'y Yas not elapsed before the sam: state of thir ge, so much deplored, is found to exist, and the evil that was intended to be remedied appears ina more appaling form. The strong arm ot the govern- ment is constantly invched to stay iis progress, and the guarantee is ccntinually held up to us for fuithfu' per- fermarce. Our only reply to all the appeals made i:, that the force of circumstances bas rendered itin practicable. Cengre:s bas been generous in its more recent appro- pristicus for the benefit cf the Indians, and Cirplayed conmenceble +pirit in sid of their reclamation. The enly increase derirable is in what is csually denominated the “ civihzation rund,” being an arnual appropriation by the act cf March 3, 1819, of $10,000. ‘this mgut have heen sufficien’ then, but it is obvious it is not so now. Whoever wil sindy their history, in connection with the couduet ef our peovle, will not be so much surprised at mary cf the cutiages they commit. They are savages, ond are reldcm taught to disciiminate petween white men. Individualiiy with them, in case of a wrong, is out ot the quertiop. Indian disturbances are too of en trace- eLle 10 tre indikcretions and egg: essions of white men. We ‘sve reliable reporws of such cases, an? of th» most mur- cerons ano ux javact ed attacks upon them when entirely de'enceless, Notwithstancing the Mississippi wi hiybed an a bocndary to their country, our people have parsed itand «ied upon their cholcert lands, and are crreumeaibing the aborigines to the narrowest limits. We arc rapidiy closing upon the hunter trib-s from both vhe Atlaz tc end Pacihe oceans, and soon ali the buffalo and other game will beve disappeared, ard aimost every cot cferacle lend Le oceupied by toe white man. By cc juncture of cy cumstances, most unproyiti ms to hima, Le'Indian is being completely bydged in, and never be tere bas be been subjected to such severe trials and hard- ‘apy of sLem are aware of their precarious and epioreble ecndition, and sperk of it with the deepest ord most expressive sorrow; yet, wih few exceptions. tbe ¢flences they commit are not of a high gftice, and there are paliated in many instances by extreme want, All this shgvld impress @ generous, intelligent and re- fired people with the necers1'y of kindness aud forbear: ance iowards them, which fs Lot always exhibited. A liberal hand should be exterded to them, and eve'y means reserted to for their improvement and elevation. Aero) ard religious privciples ard the arts of civilized life should be tuught them. 1+ is difficult to instruct the adult, Neturaliy of a rcving disposi ion, indolent, averse to ordinary lubor, as not comyporting with his ‘icea of dignity, be bas no gesie to cbtvin w practical knowledge of vg icultove or of the useful arts; nor can his at- tention to them be enlisted. He will mot voluntarily atardcn the chase, nor the wild diversious which are s0 secuetive even tothe most refined. But by commen :ing with the you'h, implanting in their minds correc: prinei- pes, snd inculeating there moral and religious precepts which are usuaily imparted among civilized nutions by jarerts to their chitdren, a foundation woutd be luid for a therovgh end complete re‘ormation of the whole ra ‘This course bas been pursued to a limited extent, and repuits are very flattering. It weuld be well for us, in our conduct towards Inciars, to follow the example of these benevoleat socie ties which have for many years labored so pezsevering:y, ané under the circumstances, so successfully fur tae smeijoraticn of their condition. They have contribu’ed largely to this great chject, having expenced within rhe Jest ten yesrs, in money alone, nearly a willion of dol- Jars; and it iv coing them injustice to attempt to depre ciate the eflects cf their incessant labors. Experience shows that the instrumentality of religion alune can ef- fect that radical change in the haoits, customs, wan- ners and modes of think.ng of the Indian that is +o ée- Recently, government bas not been so remisa in ‘an‘ing the meaps necessary to npply both their men- iol and physical wants, and it is boped the laudable +piit exhibited at the last sessicn of Congress will always govern our councils, Its ccntinuance, togetber with the coréis] co-operation of the pure and self sucrificing men who have heretofore ¢evoted so much time and attention to them, will relieve the poor Indians from their severest difkculties and embarrassments, may tend to elevate vbem to an equality with the whi'es, and avert from this ration a large amount of obloguy that might otherwise attach to it. Facts have demonstrated their susceptibi- lity of improvement and even sefinement, and therefore it is our duty to persevere in all human efforts to preserve them from extinction. Lam, sit, very reepectfully, your obedient servant, BR. McCLELLAND, Secretar~ To the Presiprast o! the United States, ee THE RED MEN OF AMERICA. Annual Report of the Commissioner of In- dian Affairs. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR, Orrice ov Inpiax Arrains, Noy. 26, 1855. 5 Sim—I have the hener to submit the annual report «!! this office, accompanied by the usual reports of the su- perintendents, agents, teachers and other employés at. tached to the Indian service, with copies of various docu- ments emanating from and adiressed to this Bureau, to all which your attention is respectfully called. The Senecas of the State of New York, with the rem- nants ot other of the “Six Nations’’ residing in th + State, have made some improvement in their educational avd other temporal pursuits. The iate-nal dissensions of the Senecas, reverred to in furmer reports, have, in a great degree, consed, The Legislature, with commer bie liberality, has made sn appropria ion for the eata » lishment of an asylum for the benefit of the indigent on the Cattaraugus and Alleghany reserves, and it is under- stood that measures are in progross to consummate the perevolent intentions of the States. New conventional arrangements deemed requisite with te of Michigan, bave been entered into with the eon‘ederate tribes of Oito vas and Chip) was, the Chippewas ef Saginaw, and the small band Chippewas of Swan Creek, Py them the Indisns are to Lave atsigned permanent homes, to be hereafter con firmed to them, in small tracts, severally. Such guards evd restyictions are thrown around their Jands and liml ied annuities as cannot fail, if faithfully regarded and re Fpected, to place them in comfortable and independent eircumstarces. It iv expected that similar arrangements will be made wih vhe Pottowatomies of Huron, and remnants of other Trajan tribes in Michigan, in time, if approved, to be ected on and ratified during the approsching ression of Congress. ‘ egratifying to know that the Indians of MicKigan ve advancing in the arts of civilized*lite, increasing in non bers, ond many of them now exerci: ing the privileges ard cisebarging the duties of citizens of the state, to which, by her humave and liberal policy, thoy may all, in time ‘The provision mace for the Menomonee Indians by the convention of May, 1864, appears to be properly appre- ciated by the entire tribe, It is provided that the money to be from {ime to time hereafter appropriated to carry into eflect its stipu’ations sball be epplied under the di- jecticn of the Fiesident, in such manner as will, it is believed, promote the improvement of these people in all the ersentials reqnisite to educate and make them an sgricultural community, Since their present reservation in Wirconein has been confirmed t> them as a permanent home, they have very gratifying advancement, in improvement, and have shown # ready willingness to apply themrelves to labor, and otherwise to conform to the babits ard customs cf the white race. The Oneisas, m Wisconsin, are generally in the same prorpering copdition as indicated before. Some of their men bave however, been induced to abandon agri- culture) pursuits and their us been thrown im the way of bad influences. Itis to be hoped that they will listen to tne admonitions they have recently received on thts a ndoataand conse pursuits and practices to likely to injure and destro; . Congiess imserted a clause in the Nigenerel appro- priation bil to evabie the President to treat with and arrange the difficulties among the Stockbridge and Mua- tee lndiaus In the State of Wisconsin, and also to arrange their tusiness with the United States in such way as to ice to the Indians, the settlers on the reser government and thus relfeve the quertions volveo from the complieations and embarrassmenta sur- rouncing them. The late Commissioner of the General Lund Office, by your direction, was instructed to joia the Superintendent of Indian Affairs at Lake Winnebago, in oréer that bis know! of our land system might be wade svailable in the negotiations to take place, and the settlement, if porsible, of the various and delicate que:- tions involved. A supplementary treaty was mace With the Indisns -n the first day of June, which was trans- mitted here cn the fifth day of that month by the Super- ptendent, with a xotification that, in his opinion, it ought vot to be sutmitted to the Senate. In the report of Mr. Wilson, afterwards reeeived, the same opiaion was expressed, and by your éirection the subject has been re‘erred back wo the Superintendent and the In- ‘jens, ‘he Brothertons reside on Lake Winnebago, adjacent © the Stock sridges, and have to rome extent been ailec'- ¢é by the strife and "bitter feelings existing among their neighbors, Beyond this they seemed to be livizg com: cr‘ably, and are in the enj.yment of all the privileges ceorced to citizens of tne State of Wisconsin. Ey the treaty cencluded 80h September, 1854, between he Uni ec States arc the Chippewa Indians of Lake Su- perio aud the Mistissipi, an arrangement was effected With thore Indians us to their distinctive rights to lan claimed by each on lake Superior and the Mississippi liver and’ the country fatervening. A cossion was also cbisived of a large and, from its nupposed mineral re- sources, valuable district of country from the Incians of Lake Superior, and the relative iaterests of each m the stipulations of former treaties were fally set forth ant satisfactorily adjusted, An important feature in this tenty is the setting apart of certain designated tracts of land tr the occupancy of werious bands of those people, with a view t» the cultivation of the soil, and prospective: ly to @ tranifer of the same to them in severalty, These Inciene can, with proper efforts, it is believed, be mace an industrious an¢ civilized people. They reside in woat is culled the northern peninruls of Michigan and the perthwestern portion of the State of Wisconsin. and be- tween St. Louie river and the British line in Minnesota, end] :egerd it aa creditable to the people of the States alluded to that they pare not interposed ny objection, but, cn the eontrasy, have seemed willing that the In- Giars might be perniited to remain within the limits cf the respective States. The necessary steps are in pro- gress to define the boundaries of their reservations, and ip all other respects to fulfil the beneficial stipulations of their t eaty. From ther remote position, either to the Michigan or to the agency on the } hesiosippt, they are almost entirely Cextituse of the advice, counsel or assistance of an agent, which ie indiapenrap'e to their peace and interests, and provision rbould be made to supply them with the ser- vices of a faithful officer. A change fer the better seems to be taking placs in the ccndiiien ord prospects of the Indians of Minnesota. The Chippewas of the Mississippi appear to understand and appreciate the policy and objests of the treaty made with them in February last, by which the different bands are to be concentrated on small reservations in suitable loca- lities— the lnnds to be divided among them in teveralty— ano where they are required to devote themselves to in- dustris] pursuits, Their hereditary chiet, Hole in the Dey, who headed the delegation to this city with which the weaty was made, bas set them a most excellent and cmmencable example, having, on his return home, gone earvestly to work, and practically demonstrated to his Preble the advantages of personal exertion and indas ry. e raised not cnly an abundant supply of grain and vege. tebles fer his own fazily, but hada considerable surplus to dispore of at the annuity payment te those who had been less provident. ‘The assembled tribe then saw andunder- stord in the case cf one of their own people leading ané influential man amorg them—someof the advantages ard benefits of » settled and industrious course of hfe. Cne of the most marked evidences of the commencement of spuit of improvement among these people Is seen ia 2 growing disposition to dispense with the peculiar dress 01 the Judiap, and to adopt that of civilized life A new treaty with the Wivnebagos, embracing the seme policy, was aiso made in February Jast, by which they were aksigned # vew and more suitable keme on the Blut Earth river, south of the Minnesota, with which they were well pleased, ard where nearly the whole of t: em bave quietly and contentedly settied down. They have been more temperate and orderly then heretofore, ard Fave menifeeted an encouraging disposition to give up their unsettied habits, and devote themselves to the cultivasicn of the scil. The Sioux of Minnesota oonsixt of four bands of the great Dacotah family, the Med-s-wan-kau-toan, Wab-pay-koo-tah, Se-see-toan, and Wah-pay-toan, the great body of whom are now concentrated on the reser- vation on the Upper Minnesota river. A small portion (ithe first yet linger about their former homes below, but itis expected they will soon be induced to join an qu etly settle down with their bretnren. A more order.y ard peacctul spirit ix beginning to prevail amoug tho-e per plo. There has been but one case reported of depre- dati ps commit’es by any of them, and but one difficulty with the Qnppewas, which was occasioned by the mis- ecocuct of party Of the iatier. It is gratitying to ve- lieve tbat the arrengewents with both these trives re- pecting their location and concentra ion, and for their uturemanegement and control, will effectually tend to put on end to the hostile and bloody culli-ions between them, berctofore of so fiequent oc2nrrence, Ibe agent eppoimied for the Blackfoot and other wild tries in their region of country accompanied the ex- pediticn rent up the Mirscuri river to hold a couneil with chose Incians, aud at the last aecounts had reached his destinaticn at Fort Benton, ‘The In-isns of the Upper Sissouri agency cvnsist of eight different bands cf the Sioux or Pa-o'ah tribe; the Gree Venties C1 the Mistouri, the Mazdans, the Aricka- nees, the Agcabcines, and the Crows. They claim and partinl!y cecupy on inmense region of country between the Hatte and Misscuri rivers, which is said to be generally of a ¢erert and sterile character. Sime cf ikem cultivate small patches of arable Inne where they can find it, but their sub- Bistence is ccrived chiefly from the chase and from roots pnd a few species of wild fruits and Yerries fourd in that region. The supplies thus obtained are ro scanty, tbat they are frequently reduced to ex- treme de-titulion and even starvation: and it is diffienlt to perceive how they are to exist, unless some arrange- ment can be made by which resources of sustenance can ke ceveloped for them, or it is supplied to them direcly by the gcvernment. 4 In reyarc to the Indians within the Upper Platte sgeucy, and, the judiclous plans proposed to be adopted Ly the ugent, to separate and sever the friendly from the Lortiie Dance, at well as the disposition of the Indians in that region towards the United State:—almost all of whom, i. is represented, desire the good will of the gov- eznment—lI refer for details to the accompany ing reporta of agent Te. ies. Tre country abeve the Ayoway not being satlsfuctory tothe Cuabs Inciens, ond, in the judgment of the De- partment, under the circumstazces, not suitable for them, they were assigned a reservation for a permanent heme at the “Black Lird Bills,” in Nebraska Territory, io which they removed in the month of May last ; wl cn their way to the Plains on the summer hant, a y ct Sicux attacked them, aud, among others, killed Foute nelle, the principal chief, ‘The Omahas fled towards tho Missouri, ard bave since been unwilling to return vo their reservation. In view of all the circumstances, their agent hus been instructed to permit them fo remuin in a suitable location west of Belle vue until next spring, but to impress upon them the absolute necessity of a return at that time to their re- ravation, Arrangements have been made for the erection of kchccl buildings, the breaking of land and other im- provements on their reserve, and a saw mill will be erected thereon next feascm, and all needful steps taken to place within the resch of these Indians the advan- teges ef all the liberal provisions male hy treaty for their improvement and cOmfort. The Otiawes and the fMissourias, althongh satisfied with the tribal Lome prepared for them on the Big Blue, have maniieste’, nevertheless, an unwillingness to aban: con their ofd haunts on the Missouri river. They havo, however, partially emigrated to their reserve, and the ary steps have been taken to erect school build- pvements provided those Indians, the Cmahas, bave been assigned to the Presbyterian Board of Misetons, ‘The Pewners and Poneas, who with the Omahas and Ottore, apa Misscurias, constitute the Council Bluffs agency, areinan unsettled sta'e, The former claim « large Uact ef ecurtry in Nebrarka, and im their roving habits have not even confined themselves to it. ‘They have infested the emigrant roads, and been very annoy- ing, | The Poncas bave also deon guilty of depredations, and bave the character of lawlees Indians. Tbe Pawnees recently informed their agent that they desired to treat with the government, and to sell vhele country; and it i alvo understood that the Vencas are anxious to make fome treaty arrangements. It is very desirable that the Pawnees and Poneas shoul be brought under some revtraivt, and advantageous treaty arrangements can, it is believed, be now made with them. ‘The Toways ond Missouri Sacs and Foxes, of the Great Nemahaw sgency, bave, during the past year, manifest- 4 eome mterest 1 ils, and otherwise im proved in their position. I is to be ra- uyerted that #0 many of them are «till unwilling to avail themselves of the anple facilities afforded for the educa uch of thetr chiiaren, Their excellent missionary teach- cre continue, however, with unabated zeal and di'igence, which must in time result in overcoming the apathy of the Indians on this important subject. ‘Toe Kizkapoor bove raised and secured sufficient anp- phes for their snbsistance during the wivter, and a por- tion of them Dave provided beiter acsommodations for themselves by the erestion of comfartable log cabins on vhe revervation ret apart tor them. It is gratifying to know that there beon Jess intemperance amougst them then usual, and that they are bezinniog to res the imp rtance of taking efficient measures to zid them. relver of thir vice. ‘The circumstances by which the Delavare Indians have been surrounded since the organization of the Teri ory of Kansas, and the trespasees upon ilarivies of their new their rights’ end other irre neighbors, bave not been such as to impress them very favorably with our civilization. Reposing, however, with confidence in the government, the Delawares gene- rally have applied themselves to egricultural pursuita, ‘and have realized a eupply of food for the year. Theit tgent has been umemitting in his exertions to protect their rights and advance their interests. ‘The agent for the Shawnees and Wyandotts reports that they ‘“bave enjoyed during the last twelve months almort uninterrupted prosperity, and they are now re- joicing in an abundant return from the toiis and labors of the husbandman.’’ These are the most civilized tribes of the Central Superintendency, many of them being educated and snfficiently advanced to appreciate, and de rire to be invested with, the privileges and datias of citi. zens of the United States, A treaty, placing the Wyan- dotte in that position, and providing for the termination of thetr antmosities, and the division of the princiyial thereof, smonvgst them, as well as of their lands in seve- ‘ae pegotiated wish them last winter, and ratified resident and Senate. Thefr tribal organization fe, ceased, except so fur as its partial and temporary continuance i; necessary in the execution of some of the sions of the er and they will soon no longer be known as an Indian tr ‘The mars cf the Shawnees are not so far advanced in imyrovement as the Wyandotts, and some of the rincipalmen have held in former years such relations of [otimecy and confidence with unprinsipled white men sa to exercive @ salutary very ls torender it very ¢ifficult now control over them. ‘they have nuities aod their lands valuable. Their position is exp critical, and it is of the first importance that ing men be of bigh integrity. It is to be fear recent indications, thar some of them are still icivences referred to, and ifso, they are very unsafe guardians ot the rights and interests of the Indians. ‘The Pottowa'omies and Sacs and Foxes of the Mississip. pi, altbough greatly diminished in numbers, are the two most populous of the emigrated tribes on’ the frontier within the central esvperintendency, many years been in the receipt of lary Neral provision bas been made for advenrement; but | regret to say (wi h the exception of some of t) e Fottowatomies, and a recent commendable act ofthe Sacand F+x couneil 10 suppress intemperance) they present no evidence of natioval improvement. The permicious aud corruptivg effects of their money annuie ‘ties, which have sffordea them the means of indul in profiigacy and vice, and enabled them to live the greater portion of their time without exertion, and the freqvent removal from one locality to another, Have crippled and counterected the efforts made to domesti- cace und civilize them. hey dvmonstraw in a stiiking mapper the three great evils which have attended our Indian policy:—Large money ancuities, excessive quan- tities of lund held in common, and con!inued changes of locatwn in advance ef frontier population, We ean ho fer no waterial al'era‘ion for the better im their condi- tien and prospects until they shall have been coacon- trated up n reservations of limited extent, and provision made for the divirion of the land among them in seve- fast as this cen be rately and prudently effected, accom- plishment of there objects, ‘A number of the chie’s und other leading men among the Potowatomies are, rom their long contaet and asso- ciation wich corrupt influences, very reckless and dis- honestmen. They bave been wielded and controiled by such ir fivences for many years, to the manifest destruc- tion of thelr own morals and integrity, and, the great in- jury of the Indians, To rave the Pottowatomies from the injurious and evil effects of these induences, it may be necessary for the government to resort to au extreme measure, and io cause such chiefs aa will not cease their assotiation with unpiincipled while men, to be deposed. Such steps inay also be necesanry with the heua men of some other tribes in Kansas territory and elsewbere, us The moral as well as physical condition of confederated bands cf Kavkaskias and the Peorias, Weasend Pianki- sbaws and the Miemics, constituting the Osage river agency, tax improved within the last year. A vigor- ous temperance reformation has been on foot, in which several of the principal men of the Mia- mies sre active ard zealous instruments. An unusual quantity of seed was planted in the spring, which yielded an abundant harvest. Large quantities of bay have been mowed and secured, and potatoes have yielded abundantly. The health of all .he Indians within this agerey has been good. Arrangements have been mede with the Domesti: Mission Board of the Southern. Beptist Convention for the education of the children witbin this agency; and as many of the Indians have manifested a laudable desire for the instruction of their pou it is snticipated that favorable results will flow irem thix measure. ‘Ihe Kaw, or Kansas tiibe of Indians, mind within the Council Grove agency, in consequence of their proxi- miry to the trading posts on the Santa Fe road, where they can procure inte zicating beverages from traders and emigrapts passirg through their country, have become adcicted wo habits of in'emperanze and indolence, and the commission of such misdemeanors and crimes a4 us- uaily fuliow ip the wake of the liquor traffic. The annul. ties prcviced for them by government have proved rather an injury than a blessing, from the fact of theic having Deen rquancered for ardent spirits soon after their recep- ticn from the governmen agents. Thus exposed to in- fluences of the wost deleterious character, they have been guilty, in some instances, of the commision of .de- predations upon the property of emigrants ou the great thorough ‘are leading to Sauta Fe. It cannot be reasona- bly expected vhat their condition can be improved to any considerable extent, unless the requi-ite steps be taken te circumecribe the area of their present reservation, with a view to their being concentrated withia a smaller sphere, where they mey be m:re easily controlled, and influenced to engage in the cul ivation of their soil, and whatever else may be regarded as indispensable to their civilization. ‘be peculiar condition of the emigrated ‘tribes iu Kansas Yersttory was rtated at some length in the last annval report, Tbey were removed thither under the mort solemn assurances and guarantees that ‘he country assigned them should be to them and their descendants immanent home forever. In retroceding large bodies of nd to the United States, by which portions of the Terri- tory were lawfuliy opencd to the acceptation and settle- ment of its citizent, neither the government or the In- Gians sought to change the guarantees and stipulations, of former treaties; vut they were recognized as obli- atory and binding within the tracts of land reserved jor the permanent home of the Indians, The organie act 0” the Territory also regarded them, and it was exprestly declared that nothing mn the act should “be construed to impair the rights of perscns or properly row partaining to the Indians iu said territory, so long 98 such 1igh\s shall remain unextinguished by treaty Be- tween the Unitel States and such Indians.” “The peace- ful possession and quiet enjoyment of the tracts reserved by the Incians for their homes, are guarantecd and se- cured to them hy the faith of treaties and the laws of the land, ond it is to be regretted that in different sections of the territory persons bave trespassed upon their rights, by commiting waste and even lecating wit! in and making improvements upon the Indian lance. As cases have been xieported, the sgents have been instructed © notify the’ wieng doers that their acta nm violation of the law and the faith of treaties, and that they must cease their trespasses and retire outside ot the Indian reservations. Many of the in- truders have wholly disregarded the admonitions and warnirgs of the officers of the Indian service, and to co1 pel obedience, aud to vindicate the good fuith and w thority of the government in this behalt, the military arm bas been invoked and called into requisition, and under instructions recently issued by direction of the President, it is expected that all persoos remai: un- lawfully upon any of the indian reservations in Kansas Territory, afier a perivd to be fixed, and of which they will Lave |notice, wil be forcibly ejected therefrom. However disagiecable it may be to resort to this tieme measure, the condition of those Indians is su¢h as to requie it, and the United Staves cannot be disc! ous ite app ication. If percons within that Territory will persist im trespassing upon the rights of the Indians aster the admonitions #0 orten repeated to them, ail fair minds must ssnetion the pr. ig of the government in its forcible expul:ion of them frow the Indian reserva- tions. Causes of compisint and dissatisfuc'ion have also existed smong the tribes who ceded their lands in trust to the United States, because of the encroachments of the whites upon there lands ic advance of their being sur- veyed and offered for sale at public auction. The act of March 3, 1860, authorizing the President 10 eause these trust Jands to be classili nd appraised before they were offered for sale, wil, it is believed, eusble government to execute the trust in good faith, and the agents have been instructed to arture the Indians that they: may - rely upon the faithful execution of the stipulation for the sale of these trust lances. ‘The recent Executive of the Territory in fixing the clecticn cis ricts and appcinting voting places, and jn establishing the Executtve cflice, did not regard the cgazic Jaw whieh excluded Indian reserves from its operation, but ecbraced several reservations within the cletricts, ard authorized polis ty be opened in them, He also established his executive offiee within the Shaw- neeecuntry, The ferritoriel Legislature, following his examp'e, held its session m the Shawnee mission, and, by its enactments, bas embraced some of the Indian re- serves within the crganized counties, all which is clearly a violation of treaty stipalations and the act creavng the Territory. Many of the emigrants to and settlers iu the Territory of Kunsas are engazed in a bitter controversy and strife in relation to the institutions to be formed there ar applicable to the condition of the Af-+ rican race; yet the hostile factions seem to have no sym- pa hy for thered man; but, on the contrary, many of both rices appear 10 Gisregard his interest and trespass upen his Lights with inpuwity. ‘the ecnaiticn end circumstances of the four leading tribes of the Southern superdependency—the Cherokees, Creeks, Choctaws and Clickasaws—continue to afford gistify ing evidence of incresing pros pectty and mpreve- ment in the elements ef civilized lite, “The peace and gcc orcer preveiling among them, aud their earnest efforts to improve their physicat and moral condition, entitle them to the warm »nd active sympathies of our people, fra the liberal and generous regard of the government. ‘They are more ano more devoting themselves to agricul tril pursuite, and ustog every eifort and means in their power for tbe gent ra! diffusion of the blesstugs of educa- ion and the Chiistivn religion among them, The great drought of last year almost entirely destroyed their crops, and sn tyecied trim to much trial and eulfering, which, however, they bore submissively and wich com- mencable fortitude, But this calamity has net been without a blessing. It impressed them with the im- yortonce of a close ané more general attention to the cul- tivation of the soil for a sumsistence, resulting in more enlarged sgriculiural operations the present your, the immeciate benefits of which they have already experi- ener ‘Ihe Cifficulties between the Choctaws and Chickaraws, explained in former reports, will, 1t is hoped, be wtectw- ally adjusted and cettied by the convention which was entered into with the representatives of the two tribes, in this city, the past summer-—sudject, however, to the ratification of thetr councils av well as the Prosident and Senate of the United States. This instrument, if so ratified, wil, it is believed, put an end to tho galling relations of the Chocktaws, in whieh the Chicka- re been held under and since the convention of It will give to the Intter independent jarisdsction, 8 1807, and the right of relfgovernment, which they hive so earnestly sought to obtain for years past, whitle it will simplify the relations of the two tribes with exch other end with the goverment, and secure other important o¥- jects and advautages nct ‘only ts them but to the United jates, By the convention referred to it is provided that the Weitern end of the Choctaw country shall ve opened to the permanent settlement of the South- ern Camanches, Witchitaws, and such other Indians, within preseribed limits as the United States may deter- mine to jocate therein; wnd it is gratifying to know that nome of there Indians have expressed an anxious desire to place themselves under the protection of the govern: — and to accept permanent homes in the country iuded to. The Eeminoler, ur der the treaty of 1845, hold the same ancesirable and injurious relations to. the Creeks which the Chickaraws bave to the Choctaws under the conven- tion of 1887, form a small district of the Cree! tion, snd are entitled toa voice in its general council, but are in so hopeless a minority, and so discontented with the arrangements, that they will take no pari in the proceedings of that boty. They do not themselves subject to the laws parsed by thas thus practically without goverment or law, ‘