The New York Herald Newspaper, December 3, 1855, Page 1

WHOLE NO. 7036. NEWS DIRECT FROM RUSSIA. War!t—Rassia and her Muutary Revources— Construction of New Forts ana the Strength~ ening of Old Ones—sebastopol, Cronstadt, Micolaice and Sweaborg—The Financial Condition of Russia—The or Provisions—Are the Nobles or Serfs Discon- tented? den, die., dice Among the passengers who arrived on Friday last by the steamer Atlantic, was Colonel Tal. P. Shaffner, who has come direct from Russia, where he has been travelling for the last five or six months. As this was his second visit to that country, he had ample opportunities for observation and of becoming ac ‘quainted with its character and condition, its re- sources, and the popular feeling with regard to the \present war. Wherever he went he was received by all classes, from the imperial family to the lowest of- ficial, with the greatest hospitality, and every atten- tion and courtesy was paid to him during his visit. He has been charged by the English papers with be- ing in'the pay of the Czar, and that he is bound by pecuniary obligations to support the interests of Trvasia; but the real object of those charges, which, it is deserving of particular notice, have been made against nearly all Americans who have spoken favo- rably of Russia, is to throw discredit on their statements, and by doing so to conceal the actual condition of things in that country from the world. Their object, however, has become so ap- parent that their accusations are entirely disre- garded, and the public mind in this country has, from the frequent misstatements, intentional or otherwise, of the British press, at last come to re- gard their accounts of the war with distrast and suspicion. Soon after his arrival, we paid a visit to Col. Shaffuer, and in the course of a few hours’ conversa- tion with him, obtained much of interesting infor- mation in relation to the war, and the means at the disposal of the Czar 0 carry it on. While in Rus- sia, he travelled over a distance of three thousand ‘miles, and visited Cronstadt, Nicolaieff, Sweaborg, and many others of the most important fortresses throvghout the empire. He was all through the northern, central and southern portions, and during his travels was in frequent intercourse with the no- bility, o# well as the lower classes of the population. Wherever he went it was only necessary to introduce himself as an American, when he was immediately greeted with the warmest welcome and compelled to. partake of their hoap!- ‘tality. It was the same with all the members of the imperial family. Before givivg any of tho facts which he related to us, we must state that there were some which he could not as a man of honor make known without compromising his character with the Russian government and destroying all confidence with our countrymen in their business and personal relations. These facts relate to the nu- merical force of the army, the strength of the forts and the financial resources of the country, in regard to which he did not consider himself justified to en- ter Into specific details, althongh he has given suffl- clest to enable us to form a pretty accurate esti- mate of their means and resources. The wisdom of this policy on the part of the Czar ‘will at once be perceived when contrasted with that of the Allies, whose movements are known to the Russians frequently before they take place. In many respects this secrecy is attended with the greatest ad vantage, und, particularly when nations are engaged im actual warfare, capnot be too strictly enjoined npon all having business or official relations with them, and who are entrusted with matters of State ‘mportance. We have stated that Colonel Shaffner was in-constant intercourse with all classes of the people; and as a great deal has been said about their feeling in respect to the war, we shall begin by giving hid experience and impressions on this oa has been reported that the nobility are becom- ing tired of the war, on account of the levies which are made upon them for men; and that they are beginning to display their oppo. xition to the government already, though in what way we have not been informed. So far, however, from this being the case, they are among its most strenvous and ready supporters, and have signified their willingness, again and again, to sacrifice all their wealth before they will consent to yield an inch. There is only one sentiment among them, and that is a determination to carry on the war 50 long as there is a rouble in the treasury, or a man to + shoulder a musket. On thia matter they express their opinions pretty freely, and they appear to be based as much upon sound reason and policy a8 on a feetivg of national pride or national enmity. They argue in this way:—‘Suppose we are defeated : the loes will fall more heavily upon us than if we were to allow ourselves ignominiously to sne for peace. Our enemies, flushed with victory and renewed confidence in their own strength, would demand as an indemnity, perhaps the fairest and most fertile portion of our country—a portion, too, that we tought 20 hard and eo long to optain; they will in- sist, too, on us defraying the expenses of the war with money, and upon the relinquishment of some ‘of our beet forts and the diminution ot our navy, which they have already expressed their determina- tion to confine within the narrowest limits.” But ‘there is a still stronger feeling actuating them, and that is the feeling of religion, which almost reaches the bounds of fanaticism. It is summed up in the ‘two words, their God” and their “Emperor,” and exceeds, or we should perhaps say stands in the place of, patriotiam with them. Nothing can ex- eed their veal and devotedness in seconding the wishes of the Czar, or their indignation at the ont- tages which have been committed upon their church by the allied troops. The desecration ot the churches at Kertch aroused the most intense hatred through- out Russia--a hatred which it will take years to remove from the Russian. In fact, #0 great was the excitement createa thereby that the governmeht did not consider it politic or prudent to publish all the reported cases of outrage committed. The desecration of their churches and the outrages which have been perpetrated, it is feared, if fully known, might lead to turbulence, and give to the -war the character of a religious feud or riot. Speak ing one day toa wealthy Rassian noble about the fecling of the aristocracy, he said to Col. Shaffer that the moment the Czar required it, his whoie property in money, estates and serfe, amounting to over (en millions, would be cheerfully given up, and he himself, and every member of his family, were ready to sacrifice themselves rather than allow the Ajlies to dictate terms to Russia. The general feel @ ing, in which the very serfs participate, is one of confidence in the ultimate triumph of their country. ‘They believe the Czar is invineible, and that Russia vever can be defeated. Is it possible to overcome such a country, or is it at all probable that the Czar, with almost unlimited resources at bis command, with a nobility ready to support bim to the utmost extent of their means, ard a people who regard the war as cru- sade aguinst a sacrilegious foe—is it probable, we say, that be will yield one inch of his territory, or accede to a single demand which may lower the standing of bis empire, either among bis own sub- jects or the nations of the earth? Upon the means of enlist ent and transportation of provisions va- rious reporis have been circulated, and all of them either e: tively unreliable, och a commingling of fa: t and feleehood that it bas been almost impossi ble t6 arrive at the truth. Correspondents writing fiom St. Petersburg to the French and Englixh pa MORNING EDITION-MONDAY, DECEMBER 3, 1855. pers, state that it is necessary to use force in the draf‘ing of men for the army, and that large bands compulsion was employed, and that the serf enters the ranks cheerfully at the command of the Czar, whom he regards as the vicegerent of God onearth. No difficulty whatever is experienced in executing the orders of the Emperor; and such is the alacrity with which they are carried out on the one hand and submitted to on the other, that h» believes if it were left to the free will of the serf; themeelvea, hundreds of thousands of volunteer would flock to the standard of the Ozar. New levies are raised with wonderful despatch, and in twoo: three months out of the taw material thus furnished, a well drilled, efficient and powerful army is formed and ready for active service. Although it may ap- pear somewhat unreasonable, when his state of serf- dom.is considered, yet the Russian soldier hasa great deal of persenal pride, and he shows it par- ticularly in perfecting himself in the use of his arms. As to the acta of brigandage, and in some cases even of murder, there is no doubt that they have been committed, but not to a greater extent than formerly; and that they are committed now is not to be regarded as a proof that the serfs are discontented or opposed to be- ing sent to the Crimea. The entire force of the Russian army, including that portion of it stationed at Perekop, numbered, on the middle of October last, about two bundred and fifty thousand. These occupy different positions along the route from Perekop to Sebastopol, and this is so well defended by forts as to render all attempts of the Allies to cut oft their supplies utterly power- less. Perekop itself is said to be so strongly pro- tected, that it would employ the whole of tho allied forces in reducing it. ‘The means of transportation, contrary to the state- ment of the Allies, have not been cut off, nor have they suffered any interruption from the capture of Kertch and the destruction of the “ immense” quantities of grain in the Sea of Azoff. The grain, it now appears, instead of belonging to Russia, was the property of Greek merchants, who had offered it for sale to the Russian govern- ment at such an exorbitant price that they refused to purchase it. They never received provisions in this direction, as they have always been sent by way of Perekop, The Greek mer- chants,: fearing the capture of their property, it seems applied to the Russians ‘for protection; but long before their application was made they were informed that the Sea of Azoff would not be defend- ed against the allied fleets, and they were according- ly advised to take their own counsel in time. The Russian government, however, although it refused to protect them, made an appropriation of a large amount of money to sink vessels, filled with stone, in the channel at Kertch, to prevent the passage of the enemy's vessels. The contract for the perform: ance of this work was given tothe Greeks them- selves, no doubt being entertained that, as it was for their benefit, the work would be promptly and fuithfally executed. The prospect of present gain, however, being more powerful than the dread of approaching danger, the Greek merchants, instead of filling the vessels with stone, used sand, which was washed away by the current, leaving the channel free for the passage of the allies. As this was known at St. Petersburg, very little sympathy, it may be supposed, was manifested for the merchants, who, blinded by their avarice and falxe to their agree- ment, had reaped the reward of. their own dis- honesty. ‘The transportation of provisions has been so ef- fectively carried, on that the Russian army in Se- bastopol have never suffered, and the Commissariat has always been well supplied. There were several occasions on which the soldiers were put upon re- duced rations, but these were days of fast prescribed by the church, and which are pretty strictly observ- ed They are allowed five pounds of meat per week to each man, and there are two days of abstinence from meat out of the seven, leaving an average of one pound per day. The provisions are genc- raliy conveyd from the Smolensk and Sa- ratoif countries to the Crimea in wagons, which are loaded on their return with salt. The same wagons, before the war, went to the Crimea empty, but now they are laden both ways, and make double their former profit, notwithstanding the as- sertion of a St. Petersburg it of the Paris Pays, that the wagoners, having no employ- ment, ure compelled to follow the army. While travelling through the wheat prodacing districts, Colonel Shaffner saw crops which, he said, were as extensive as any that had been reaped for many years before; avd #o slight haa been the draft on the agricultural population by the raising of new levies, that it will not in the lcast diminish the next year’s produce. When it ts re- membered besides, that this will have to be kept in the country, in consequence of the allied fleets be- ing in possession of all the outlets from the Black and Baltic seas, there would seem to be very little danger of the Russian army suffering from want of provisions, ‘The gallant aud protracted defence of Sebastopol haa proved that, in her fortifications, Russia fs in- ferior to no other country in the world. Compara- tively little was known of her system of defences, and up to the last few months such places as Ni- coluief and Sweaborg were never heard of. In the case of Sehastopol, it is a remarkable fact that some of the principal defences were earthworks, aud still more remarkable, that they were found to be more easily defended against an assault than any other kind of fortification. Sebastopol, however, hus not furnished the first proof of this fact, for in our War of Independence, they formed the chief rlwarks, against which the dogged courage of the British troops broke in vain. Frem the battle of Bunker Hill, on whose heights the patriots had en- trenched themselves behind a breastwork of earth, to the Jost struggle with the retreating foe, fortifica- tions of earthwork were need, and traces of them may still be geen all over the country. Whether Todtleben is indebted to us for this important fact cannot now be determined, but the value of carth- works for defence was established here three quar ters of a century ago. The whole line of fortifications around Sebastopo was constructed of bundles of sticks, placed apright and overlaid with earth; and the farfamed Malakoff was nothing more than a mound of earth, with a facing of stone. During the summer, however, this earth was so dry that it became quite friable, and when struck by @ ball it was thrown up in a cloud o dnst. Under these circumstances it was found im possible to repair the damage done by the bombard ment; ond in many (nstances where an assault was made the Allies were repulsed in a hand-to-hand en- counter with the Russians. This was one of the causes which rendered the evacuation of the southern side necessary, but it was not the only one. The Russian cannon were actually worn out, and were exploding daily killing those who served them. Under these circumstances Gortschakoff wrote to the Emperor several weeks before the evacuation, informing Lin | of the particulars, and received commands that he stould abandon the south side whenever be should in bis judgment, think the time had arrived. So well was it known in St. Petersburg that the south | side was to be evacuated, that it was onst for the people to inquire every morning if the my had crossed over. The trophies which were found by the allied army after they had captured their dearly earned prize, and about which they made sucha parade, were the used up cannon, and the piles of balls were those which they had themselves fired into the city, and which the Russisns had intended to recast to the size of their own guns. They alxo found powder, but it was some which had been placed in the mines, and which became so damp that it would not explode. It is not true that they got large quantities of clothing and provisions, for everything of value had been removed several days before the evacuation. It is alao worthy of notice that the Russians had constructed three bridges instead of one, and that, although their sick and wounded were left behind, yet the Allies @id not dare to prevent a portion of them from returning to carry them over to the north side. It has been asked how the Rassians buried’their dead, and great concern manifested to know how it happened that a terrible plague did not break out , with thousands of unburied corpees lying @ithin the narrow confines of a walled city. In reply to (Me | we have been informed that they did not allow thatr dead to lie above ground ; that they were conveyed tothe north side in boats, which were kept con- stantly running every day, and buried alongside the harbor. Considerable mortification, it is true, was felt throughout Rassia when the evacuation of the south side was known, for it was still hoped that they might be enabled to hold it. But if this was the feeling among the people and the nobitity, they felt proud of the achievements of the army, and on the Czar's name day, which is the anniversary of his patron saint, and which in Russia is regarded as 8 festival, they showed, by their demeanor and con- versation, how highly they prized the fame which had been won by their gallant countrymen in the Crimea. The streets were crowded with the popu- lace, and even the windows were thronged with spectators, and when the Emperor appeared in pub- lic, every one seemed anxious to show by his man- ner their love and devotion for him, and their readi- ness to sacrifice everything for “ their God and their Czar.’ In all the churches prayers were offered for “the triumphant evacuation of the south side.” ‘The Russian calculation of their entire loss, from the commencement of the war up to the first of October, exclusive of those who have been killed in the campaign on the Danube, ia one hundred and thirty thousand men. This is independent also of the loss in prisovers taken by the Allies. The fortifications of Cronstadt have been largely increased during the present year, in anticipation of the threatened assault of the English Baltic fleet. Workmen were employed on thei all last summer, ond no expense bas been spared to render them im- preguable. New guns of greater calibre and rauge have replaced the old ones, and the foundries are kept in operation day and night, forging more. This does not look as if the government was strait- ened for want of money. Last year the town was fortified only on one side, but such has been the progress made since, that it is now surrounded by forts constructed of iron and stone. The north side, which was formerly the weakest, will present next year five new forts bristling with cannon, in addition to those that have been already qiected. When all these are completed there ‘Wilt ben perfect Line of fortifications across the Gulf, and about fifteen miles from St. Petersburg. Not eatisfied with these defences, the Archduke Constan- tine has ordered the construction of a large number of small gun boats. If Sir Charles Napier fuiled to take Croustudt in its former state, what prospect would he have now, when it has been strengthened to such an extent that it is now considered impreg- nable? ’ Nicolaieff is the pet fortress of the Russians, and is regarded as one of their best, if not superior to the others. As inthe case of Cronatadt, they have taken all the old cannon out, and have mounted new ones in their place. They speak of Nicolaieff a4 impregnable, and they laugh at the threats of the Allies to take it, as a foolish, vainglorious boast. The bombardment of Sweaborg, of which so much has been said by the English press, cost the Allies twenty-five millions of dollars, while the low to the Russians did not exceed one hundred and fifty thousand. In fact, from what Colonel Shaffner tells us, we think it has been rather more profitable than otherwise, so far as the Russians are concerned. After making a terrible demonstration before the place, and expending enough powder and ball upon it to take the city twice over, they retired under the impression that they had laid it in ruins. It now appears that they only succeeded in burning a num- ber of old Swedish workshops, which the Russians intended to remove, and for which they had a large number of workmen already employed. There was only one brick building of any consequence dea- troyed. The apprehensions entertained by the be- sieged were so slight, that they walked about utterly regardless of the bombardment About eighty persons were killed, and these may be looked upon as victims to their own temerity. With the exception of the small loan which has been made since the commencement of the war, the whole expenses have been defrayed from the revenues of the country. There is no lack of means; THE STATE OF THE UNION. OPENING OF THE THIBIY-ROUBTH GUNOB LSS, PROGRAMME FOR THE ORGANIZATION, Complete Lists of House and Senate, | THE STRUGGLE FOR THE SPEAWBR’S CHAIR. Contests of 1839 and 1849. History of The Messugo und the Seeretaries’ Reports. THE KANSAS TROUBLE, OUR RELATIONS WITH ENGLAND. MODIFICATIONS IN THE TARIFF, INCREASE @F THE ARMY AYD WAVY. Analysis, Explanation nad Description of the Bully and Business to Come Before Gonyreas, &., ao. &o. ‘The thirty-fourth Congress wits commence ite frat sex sion at Washington to-day. At twelve o'clock, noon, the Genate will becalled to order by Jesse D. Bright, of Indians, President pro tem, ‘The new members will be swora in by the Vromdent, We presume it is within the power of the Senate to supersede the incumbent cf its chair, by » now election; but this, according to our recollection, has not been cus- tomary. Mr. Mangum, elected to the chair of the Senate on the accession of John Tyler to the Presideacy, rotained that post without question, down to the accession of Mr. G, M. Dallas, elected Vice President by the people, at the exphration of Mr, Tyler’s term, Had the political oom plexion of the Senate been changed since last sovsiom, it ix probable that the question of superseding or retatning Mr. Bright would be raised soon after the mooting of the new Senate; but, that body remains of like poltical (sith with the incumbent, and will almost certainly retain him in its chair. Mr. Ave Testes, the Secretary, and the subordinate officers of fhe Senate, hold their placos with- out change until a resolution shall have been offered and adopted, to proceed to the election of & successor in the case of any one of them; but none such is likely to be made atthis session, The ranks of the national democracy will bave been strengthened, at the opening ofthis sewsion, by the quatification of Mr, Pugh, instead of Mr. Chase, 4 Senator from Ohio; and a successor of like taith to Mr. Cooper, (national whig,) may soon be expected from Pennrylvania, (On the other hand, the two new (ree soll Senators from New Hampshire, and one cach from IMiuols, Wisconsin, and Jowa, will somewhat diminish, but can- not shake the national democratic majority in that branch, of whose members, whether before or after the vacancies now existing in the delegations from Mennsyl- vania, Indiana and California, shall haye been filled, two- thirds will choose to be accounted members of the demo- cratic party, amd supporters, in a moderate and rea- sonable way, ef the federal admlaistration. Nothing exists, or will horeaftor interposed, to pre- vent a notification, by the Senate to the House, by 1 o’elock ?, M., that the former hax teen duly organized, and I# prepared to join in communicating with the Pre. rident, that thie Congress has regularly convened, and ix rendy to receive any communleations he may see fit to make. Ai the same hour the hall of the House of Represoata tives will present a curious scone. The splitting up of parties, and the consequent dificulty attendant pon the organization of the House—the tremendous outside pres- sure for the emal! placos in the gift of the House, and the odd material of which it is compored, will make the hal! a perfect zoological garden for days. There will bo a great deal of “ noise anit confusion’? at 12 o'clock to-day, and Mr, John W. Forney, of Ponn- sylvania, will be obliged to call the members to orier ceveral times before they come Mr. Forney was Clerk of the last Congres, and he off- elates to-day, according to custom. After ho order he will take printed Uist, and ‘call the roll.” NAMES OF MEMBERS. The following is a correct list of the members of both branches — TERM COMMENCED FRIDAY, MARCH 4, 1855, AND TER- MINATES MARCH 4,1857. MIR PIRST SESSION WILL MEET ON MONDAY, (TO-DAY,) DRCKMBER 3, 1955. SENATE. ‘The Senate constta of two Senaters from each State, There are thirty-one States, represented by sixty-two Senators. Whigs in (alles; Democrats {n roman, A., Abolition inte; K. N., Know Nothingy. -. Jesse D. Bright Teeseehe Asbury Mekens, ALADAMA. rar, wccracax, Empires, Clement ©. Clay, Jr,..1869 Lewis Cane... 1887 Benjamin Fitzpatrick ..1861 Charles f. taart a) sums Pr Stephen Adama. Albert G. Brow 1857 100 MT iD | Sew Hs John P. Hale (A). 1859 Ie and as a proof of this it is only necessary to stute scorer ene sities 5 Maca that the pnblic works which were commenced last | James A. Beyerd.. 1897 ear are om with unabated vigor, and on | John Mf. Clayfon(K.N.). +1061 he same extensive scale on which they were began. | .. R Melon 1967 ‘The charge has ben made that the government las | jievhen 1. Mal rf taken the ehurch money, but #o far from this ;' “we being the fact, it is actually increasing tie marty wen of the church by the expenditare of cee | poten ie Seen ves ad Ths Jemse D. Bright. Benjeanin J. Wale(d 185% ‘reater ma wence tl any jeme D. i fale( A.) im deans me of thee are Ot gold, ~~ 34 eat We S eae . 166) ornaments rare e same valual xia. spaterial, and many of them studded with diamonds ree Sa hj keen qereane seedieet ae and other precious stones. The yield of the gold, yman vere ncaney........ silver and. platina mines’ thia year has exceeded | Geo, W. Jones... 850 Charles T. James... .1857 that of any former year by three millions of dollars. | James Harlan... Philip Alten 1809. In addition to this the government have forbid the KENTUCKY. ROUTH CAMOaNA. exportation of the precious metals; the mint is kept | JoAn B. Thempoon. A. P. Butler...... sed in constant operation night and day, and the John J. Crittenden (K Jonian J, Brans.. 18h rouble passes as current now as ever. When it is ni considered that all the which is expended tor c ‘ eer the war is still kept in the coeatey, and Say posses cosets from the ot one Russian to that of ano Thomas J. Rusk 1867 ther, there appears to be little reason to believe in J fain Houston (K.N.) 1800 the assertion of the Allies, that Russia {4 already in MAPBALHURETTA. oem an impoverished condition. There is no disguising } Charles Summer (A). 1867 Jacob Collamer (A.)... 1861 the fact that they have entirely miscalealated the } Henry Wilken (A.),.,.1869 Solomon Fou. 1887 ti of their enemy, or that they have jnten- 49 rb be 9s on Doees in ie tatees ot tee whe itt omice: James A. Pherce 1841 HM. Hunter 1869 ly perceptible, and so little dread is entertained of | jienry paige... 1807 the Allies that the government is making ~ thes Dur eet tions for @ ten’ years’ war. The means of the | ¢iycmens. Slush has been reel yy the Legiale Kinperial family alone wonld be mulficient to | suse of Texas for sx years from the March, WAY carry it om at its mt rate for several r years, without calling upon the nobles to BECAPITULATION. ss meke the sacrifice of what they have lmif pro mised. The manufactures have been |, and thore of iron particularly are at present in a more flovrishing condition than before the breaking out of hostilities, Of the lighter branches of inanufac- ture, such as laces and other articles Of ladies’ dress, Col. Shaffner showed ua rome very beautiful speci mens, all of which, he informed ua,were made by serf women. So far as we could judge, they were not inferior to serthing of the kind we have seen at some of our public exhil ns. We were also informed that the reports which bave heen circalated ar to a feeling of jealousy wad dis ike existing between the members of the pape. ral fumily are entirely withont foundation, and Uhat they are bound to each other by the closest thes of affection. They are all of one mind with regard to the war, and are resolved not to yield an inch of their territories, or agree to any terms that will compromise the pride or dignity of the country. bint above everything elve they prize their position as protectors of the Obristians, and will never foon: rent to shardon it, The obligations impoved upon them in this capacity are considered the 1 od of —_—— he erm Atchison, of Missourt, Pettit, of Indiana, Cooper jvania, and Gwin, vf California, having expired the 4th of Maren, 1866, HOUBR OF REPREMENTATIV# Wihige tn ttalier: democrats tm rowan, Koow No x» abana ‘erey Walker, K. * i #. Mhorter pen W. Herrin t. Beith, K. N Henston fae KW. Cobh, mAngustns E ‘= Jances ¥. Dowdell ome Mex well KANMAB. J. W. WhitSeid RENT! CRY. 1-M ©, Burnett. 2-4. 1. Campbell, K, 8. SW. 1. Undeeweed, K.N, 4—A. G. Talbot. 5. H. Jowett. TW, Miaraball, I. 8A. K. Marahall, K.N. LL. Cox, KN. 10-8. F. dwope, K.N, LOUMIAN, 1—Goo, Eurtia, Jr. K.N. ‘2-Miles lor. 3—Themas 6, Davidnon, 4—John M, Sanidge. WAM 1—John M. Wood, 2—John J. Derry. t—Ebenerer \ sowlton. 4—Samuel 7’. Seneon. b—L Washburn, Jr. KN, €—Thos. J.D Fuller. 10—C, C. Chaffee, K. Li—Mark Trafton, K. N. MAKTLAND, 1—James A Stewart. 2—Jamen B. Ricaud, KN. &—James M, Harris, k. N. 4-H, Winter Davis, & 5H, W. Hoffman, kK, i. ¢—Thumas F. Bowe, MICIAOAN. URBOURI. 1—Ludther M. Kennett. 2--Gilehy txt Porter. B—Jemes J. Linley. 4—John t, Miller, 5—Morilecat Oliver. 6—Jobn &, Phelps. 7—Samuel Caruthers. seeTestPr 1—D. B. re 2—Houry 8. Bennett. 3—Wo. Barksdale, 4—Wm. A, Lake, K. N. 6—Jobo A. Quitinan. MINNEAOTA., —Henry M. Kice. NEWRARKA. bid B, Chapman. NORTH CAROLINA. 1-—Robert T. Paine, K. N ‘2—Thomas Ruffin. &-—Warren Winslow. 4—L. O'R. Branch. 6—hd. 6. Reade, K. 6--R, C, Parye 4—Burton Craig &—T. 1. Clingma: NeW MAMINa 1—Joms Pike, K 2—M. W. Teppay, 3—A. B. Cragin, ew mo Jon Manvet Gullegos NEW suRATY, 1—baiah 1. Claweon. 2—Geo. R. Reddina. 2 Jasiies Bishop. 4—Geor ge Vail. b- A. ©. M. Pennington. YORK. Valk, KN. nathan. x 1-Wa, W, : ST. & bay K. on. 4—John Kelley. ST. RB. Whilney, KN 6—John Wheeler. 7—Thoa. Childs, Je, B—Abra. Wakeman, &~ Hayard Ciark, K. N. Mm Ambrose 8. Murray. KN” S:at to be contented by A RECAPITC 17—Charles J. Albright. 18—B. F. Leiter, K. N. 19—Htward Wade, 20—Joshuua K. Cddings,( A.) ingheens. io-Thom B. Florence. 2—Job R. Tyson, 2 William Milward. K.N. 22-9. A. Purviance 23—John Allison, %4-—David Rerclay. John Dick. RAODE INLAND, 1—N. B. Dusfee, K. N. 2—B. B. Thurston, K.N. BOUTT CARDIANA. J—John M’ Queen, 2 Willian Aika. dL. M. Keitt. 4—Preston 8, Brooks. 5—Jamos 1. Orr, 6—Wim. W. Boyce. THN NEN. IN. G. Taylor, K, N. 2-W. H. Sneed, K. 3—8. A. Suaith. 4--J. H. Savege. 5-—Charlos Ready, KN W. Jones. 6G i—J. V. Wright. $—F. K, Zolilkoffer, K. N. ¥—Emerson bthris K 3@—Thomas Rivers, k. N. THX AM. 1—~L. D, Evans, KN. 2—l. H. Bell. uman. —Joha Mo Beeatinot VERMONT, 1 James Meacham t-—Juatin 8, Morriii B—Aleah Nabi. VENTA. 1—Thomas H. Bayly, K.N 2—Jobn 5. Milleon, tJoha 8, Caskie. 4—William 0. Goode. 7—Williamn Seitth, K.N. 4—Charlew J. Fanikner $—John Leteher, 10—Zedesiah Kiawoll. 1l—Jobn 8. isle, KN 12—Honry A. Edinondson 1i—Fayeite MeMullen, WASILNGTON —J. Patten Anderson wisn sats. 1—-Daniel Wells, Jr. 2 fa: ‘aahiern 3--Chas, Bidingshurt © Elected to the Senate, where hin seat will be con- A. Reeder LATION. ——— 183-5 —— ddevintatin, Whige, 4 3 6 2 = 2 - 2 - 2 - ~ ‘ 4 - - t 1 1 i 5 3 6 2 4 5 ‘ 4 2 7 oe 1 1 : 2 - ‘ 6 4 5 4 1 3 1 1 6 3 3 a n 1 10 1 ‘ ‘4 2 1 4 ‘ - 1 ” > ‘ 4 i ” _ N. Carolina... 6 é 6 s N. Hampebire, = ~~ a Py = New Jersey... 1 @ 4 1 New York. 4 oo a2 n os _ a i ® 6 » va 9 5) 1 2 - ° - » - 4 6 ‘ 6 1 1 2 - - = a Virginia , w a 13 ~ Wisconsin .. - 3 3 ~ Totad..c.... TS let iw 7 Opposition majerity im present Congress * Administiation we jority in last Congress MM Adininietration lone.,.... ire Democrats Li southern ” Republicans. * Know Nothing» 1% Vacancy 1 Teial number of members 4 Number of territorial delegntes 7 ANALYSIS OF THE HOUSE BOLL, Atter Mr, horney has the roll, some one will De oldest member The tole uve th coker i elected. the How pardamentary army — Of the GA members of this 6 nn 1845, Lin 1844, 6 im WOKS, Zin LACE, 1 tn IRoe 1 vecaney tu Minote Mr. Giddings of (bdo, |e (he oblent member, ant enter e4 in 1809, Other u 1843— Houston of Alabama, aad Goode of Virgiobe 1562—Cobd, Lamphing, and Sepher corgi, Oingman of Nortis Ceorolina, sed Joaes A Tense 18it—Deyly of Virginia. ] 1845—W help of Minarurt, wot Carp eanaytva nie 1847—Covb ami Harel of Alabenwe oom of S08 wa ot tote J by oh aot | Beeoek of Virginia 1818 Meacham of Vern 1840—Bharria oA Sl on We Mar pil of Kentwcky, Ful serch anal Matern | of New Camyoell of Ohio, Or b Corotine | Yavege ep weene, and Wine Moule aot Powell of Vugines. $1 { Alabama, Mace ann, Ww s 7 Pre t i poe Penmeyivania, A nb Cpe Cs Cokie, Vauilemer wr Kira | Dyetell of Alabama, Greenwort of Ark | ‘ * iy ° ‘ | 2, Cox ‘ - Vy - ae owe eine iet bee ie pretty well leavened with old soldi of the lant Congress, 14 are new menabers, 1664, 4% in 1850, 17 In 1861, 15 tn 1649, 1 im 1865, 6 in shall lake the chair antil « ywing analysis shows that sin the were members 2 entered in Congres THE NEW YORK HERALD. PRICE TWO OENTS. Wright of Missiastppi, Caruthers, Lindley and Olfver of Missouri, Pomnington and Vail of New Jersey, Flagler, Morgan, Oliver, Pringle, Sage, Simmons and Wheeler Now York, Oraige, Puryear aud Rudin of North Cagoling, Ball, Harian, Harrison, Nichols, Sepp and Wade of Obie, Vacker and Ritchie of Pennsylvania, Boyoo, Brooks anf Keitt of South Carolina, Etheridge, Ready, “mith aad Zollicoffer of Tennessee, Bell of Texas, and Smith of Via- gin, 1864—Tnylor of Tennesseo, and Lewis of Virgtuia, California, Connecticut, Delaware, lowa, Loutsiana, Maryland, Michigan, New Harpahtre, and Wlsoousim wend all new members, South Curotias sonds all old members New Memiert, Okt Members, Alabama ,, » & ” Arkunaw 1 rt Georgia, ‘ MMnois, $ ° 6 .7 a 3 % 3 > 3 . 8 ? ’ 6 ae 2 2 wo 4 ‘ 2 ° t t 3 7 , r Virgin 1 ry The motion for ® Chairman pret tem will’ probably be lost if it tv put. It never has beoo aupcessfal, but ener and the-particulars of Ulat ease are given below: A new propo iitou has, however, been made, to aleot a Clerk fret, and thos allow, John W. Forney to cotive te the aweety of private Lif and the noctety of “glorious Forrest!’ ot av early a moment as practicable, It in very Ikely that this mo wD prevail 4 Mr. Forney wit be succeeded by anew Clerk, who will bo Chairman de Sacto anti the in choren, ‘The old rate w aki 1 be an follows. CHOICE OF OFFICERS. When the Clerk has called the roll, there seald be & motion that (He House proceed to the election of ite eM. cers, an provided for in the Constitution, (Art. 1, #90. 2) Tt bas been usual to elect the Speaker first, generally by wee ote, Speakers of the Nonse are alwayn chosen vor, that ts, the roll is ealled and each member given aloud the name of his candidate. ‘The msaal rate baw been to require 4 majority of all txe voices, althongls the plurality rule may be adopted if the Hpure clie0se; am instance is given below. THE EXCITING CONTESTS POR THE SPEAK- ERSHIP. There have been several warm contents for the organi ration of the House, Porbaps the moat memorable wae in 1859, when the Twenty-rixth Congress—the seoned nrder President Van Paoren's administration—mes at = Warhirgton the 24 of December, The House wen evenly divided between the damian. iwtration and the opposttion, Every member of the House was present but one, and there was e grees deal of outeide excitement, Mr. Garland, of Virginta, Clerk of the old House, and a democrat, called the roll, commencing at Muine down to Now Jertey, Herewaae delegation certified to under the “broad neal! of the State, and consisting of five whign and one domoere, ‘The whign were oppersd by five democrats without corti- ficaten, who claimed the reat ‘The Clork said that there was conflicting evidenee as te the New Jersey election, and asked if t wes the ploasuee of the Houre that their names should be peawed over and the call of the roll be completed. it was claimed that the Cemocratio members hada mejerity of the votes, but the Governor had given cortis. cates to the whigs. The vote was vory clone. A long and acrimontoas debate sprang up. The alors wen called upon to decive several questions, such es whether there war any Mouse befure the oaths were takem, whether any one had o right to make « motion, amd whether the broad seal of New Jorney was to cover the rest of the Unior, The Clerk refused to decide, but taf 1. to the House. He refused to go on with the roll, but pat. the question to adjourn Things went ov iu this wey unt) the 6th, when Mr. Joka Quincy Adama, of Maseachusette, rowe and addrensed the members as ‘fellow aitivens.'’ Ue would nwt recogmine the Clerk or the House, Me proposed that « Speaker grew ‘m should be appointed: Mr. Ihett, of Beuth Caroling, nominated Lewls C, WE llems, A Nortls Carolina, the oliost member, a» chairmen rm There war agrest row, and Mr, Willtama @e clined the henor, Mr, [thett then nominated Jobm Quiney Adame, Mr. Khett put the quertion—em nounced that it was onrried, amd Mr. Adama was choren chairman until » Speaker should be elected. ‘The debate was resumed next day, and ali sorts of rese- lutions and counter resolutions © introduced, Ma thing of importance was elicited until the 10th, whem ene of the New Jersey whiga acknowledged that the de morrate had the majortty of votes. Ona test question the whige were beaten. [t was ordered that the New dereey members shoull not vote, and eleven unsvceess- ful ballots were had for Speaker, On the sizteenth, M. T. Hunter, of Virginia, was chosen, recaiving Ie votes 115 for all others. He was an independent Howthern Mtate righty men, and his election dinqusted the democrats and disappointed the whige. Although: elected by Mr. Yan Buren's friends, be was opposed to the administration, but im favor of the Sub Treasury haw. He | in the Senate now, ani ls a candidate tor President in 1866. Tae broad «al controversy came up strech, and one dbatet two or three days, when the tert come om a reen- intion requesting the Hpeaker to «wear in the whige, This revolution was lovt, 132 to 116, and the democcate took thelr seats, The broad eral members were sous. back to the ext Congress, fairly elected. The whole coutest was very absurd, Ineemuch as the “seal” ae KOA for nothing. The House ts the only authority ve decile upon the qualifiestions of ite members, or the fact of thelr election. Me, Garland was re-elected Clerk, amd the House way finally orgaulsed three weeks after the thine of meeting. ‘The next contest for Hpeaker was even more protragted. The memorable Thirty fret Congress sasemivled at Waa ington on the 94 December, 1660, The summing ap of the House was—Democrate, 112; whige and nothvos, 1065, free sotlers, 12; vacancy, 1. Mr. Howell Cobb, of Georgia, was the regulae deme- cratic candidate, Mr. Winthrop, of Mawechuertia, than ndminiatration (Tayler) mamines, There tare some she of eight Western dewmoernts who woul nat vote, fee Cobb, aud threw for Richardson, of Iiinole, and severally others. Winthrop also lot the votes of Ove Seutherme, whign, who adhered t Gentry, of Teumeece, The get very question caused all the diflewity, some of the Wertern democrats being | ‘7 Coged with. lg getiem to vote for 8 Georgia slaveholier, sadacmm og the Southern whign thinking that Taylor's Cutinet * ou, fot alien what they had a righ? to expect tyme iat gy riows old soldier and week polltioiea The balltings continued Wl) the 6th, with mad when Mr. Stanton, of fenneser, sttemyiadto @ the Piovality rule, and Mr. Ashemws, of Magmchew 41, pre powed the ballot wDh 1. Of course it ietled, In Ube Oth, Mr. MeClernand, A Wiimote, 1 insted Mr Hey), of Keutacky, 0 chairmap. This tp, teiind ant be Clark cuntinurd We semounen the vom, aug put the vee tone wtr On Me Oth the temoern’s devs Vo of “cath Caroline, got nearly oi ew party. My, Wintarep + then proposed to rake W: ve ton, and Mr. Cobh Chak, vot thee ter, of bio, was taken ap by Ue’ eet Hole lg) vote of int ow 102, Mt one Mpeaker by rerolu alee tailed. Mr, Pot eenonente om thee Eth ballet, aah bad 16 vot. OND . sare ballet, Me. Whe. throy viministraton 6a yin gas thrown over wy the whigs, and Mr. Hewwn, jconcerst, of thilaie, re. ovived 11% dumearatic Te , theese mere would have ected Wim. Thi ’ Ht atest oh General Tay whe roten were Ai hed wimg cary way " ~<a aed he Conmenata toe ap My whe bat only ST votes, Fimelly, ow yen) eal something samt be done, Mott the plorality, ema Me. Cod, of ted Mpeaker of the xty fourths heiivt rat ee omnes vais ” or the evantry aiken of "TAKERS OF THY HOL a wre eee ewe og ound fp