The New York Herald Newspaper, December 2, 1855, Page 4

4 NEW YORK HERALD. | JAMES GORDOS BENNETT, PROPRIETOR AND BDITOR. | “ OVFIGE N. W. CORNER OF waNlay AND FULTON STS. Fi MS ae eer. cents per EW BERLY HER 'RALD, svery 9 woe Bi aie per angurt; elitivn, ‘anw? | EAT ky the toh Continent, bath | se inehude poriogt mie i ree oa Voleme 4X, No. 33% | AMUSEMENTS TOM ‘KROW EVENING. BROADWAY THEAIRY, Broadway—Tux Baxeeurr—My Sarenson’s Wire. a DSIBLO’S GARDEN, Broads JEANETTE any JeaNNot— GRawe LIVEKTIUMENT OF NATIONAL AND OW AR ACTERISTIC Dapers—AsruODEs. BOW /RY THEATRE, Bowery—Tur Frvaue Gavniei— Parse CoLons BURTON’S THEATRE, Chambers sineot—T' arse Prerenca ALL HE Wortp's 4 8raca. Wall.sCkK’S THEATRE. Brostway—Ruuk 4 Wire AND, Have 4 Wire -Tos Livtie Tamasune. WOOD'S MINSTRELS, 444 Broadway-Sraiorias Pes ponmances. BOOKLEY’s BURLESQUE “OPERA HOUSR, 639 Broad- way Huiimeue Ursa vp Neoxo Mussrinisy, ‘Qur readers are referred to our telegraphic des- pa'chos for the Jatost news from Washiogton, The political elements there are in a very lively fermen- tation. Cavoursing is the order of the day, and of the night aleo. Last evening the democratic mem- bers of the Honse held a meoting. Mr. Jones, of Tounessee, was chairman. A resolution congratu- biting the democracy of the country on the triumph of the Kansas-Nebraska act, as shown by the result ef the secent State electious, and denunciatory of Know Nothin.ism, was adopted. Colonel Rich- srdson, of Illinois, was nominated for Speaker, Mr. Banks, of Virginia, editor of the Southside Democrat, tor Clerk; Cornelins Wendell, for Printer; Mr. McKnew, for Doorkeeper; Mr. Johnson, for Postmaster of the House; and Mr. Glossbremer, for fergeantut-Arms, The three latter are the present incarsbents. The black republicans heid a caucus yesterday morning, but made no nominations. Gen. Cullum, of Tennessee, will, without doubt, be taeir candidate for Clerk, in the expectation that the Kuow Notbings will help them elect one of the re- pcblicans Speaker. Meantime the Know Nothings appear to be qvietly waiting for something to turn up. They are evidently determined to use their strength to the best advantage. Yeeterday was the beginning ot winteraccording to the almanac, though there was no evidence of that fart from the character of the day itself. The weather was exceedingly pleasant, and was much enjoyed by those who were out. There are many reusous why we should rejoice in the mildaess of the season. The cloging of the canals will be thereby dclayed, and speculators will be unable to run up the prices of flour from that cause. Then, again for the sake of the poor, let us hope winter is afar of Let ug eat, drink, and be merry while the mild weather Aasta, and Le thankfal that the first of December does vot ulways bring bitter winds and cold and ice, A mecting of merchants was held at the Corn Exchange yosterday, in re‘erence to the postpone- ment of the time fixed by the Canal Commissioners —the 5th inst — for drawing off the water from the canals, ad closing the same. H. H. Wolf, Esq., was galled to the chair, and Alfred Barrett, Bsq, ap- pointed Secretary. The Chairman briefly alluded to the object of the meeting, whereupon the following resolution was offered and unanimously adopted:— Resolved, That the members of the New York Corn Fx- ehange would reepectfully express to the Honorable the Gabel Beard oar earnest hope and confident expectation will net permit the wat+r to be drawn ont of = until the boats now fr one upon it can either be got through to tide water, or until they cin de un- Woaced where tbe property can be safely deposited. We publish elsewhere our report of the evidence taken yesterday in the case of Lewis Baker, charged with the murder of Poole. This trial has now beon five days before the Court, and the interest in its developements increases with its progress. An extraordinary feat in telegraphing is related in the subjoined:—Mr. C. H. Simmons, connected with the House Printing Telegraph line, transmitted a very full abstract of the European news brought by the Atlantic on Priday night, to all the Nort’ « western paper connected with the New York Assc- ciation, at the rate of twenty-nine hundred words— about one column of an ordinary sized newspaper— an hoar, a feat which, doubtless, was never eqnalled, and which, perhaps, never will be by any other kystem than that of Mr. Hughes’, whose machine prints in plain capitals at the rate of about five thousand words an hour, and which, from its very extraordinary qualities, is destined undoubtedly to work a vast improvement in telegraphic matters. ‘There were 335 deaths in this city during the past week, as we learn by the official report of the City Inapector, namely, 57 men, 65 women, 118 hoys and 96 girls—a decrease of 15 on the mortality of the week previous, Of the whele number 66 died of consumption, 3 of bronchitis, 17 of inflammation of the lungs, 7 of congestion of the lungs, 9 of conges: tion of the brain, 4 of inflammation of the brain, 6 of diarrhoea, 7 of dysentery, 6 of inflammation of the bowels, 6 of cancerous affections, 25 of convalsions (infantile), 7 of croup, 7 of dropsy in the head, 24 of wearlet fever, 8 of Loopi ough, 22 of marasmus (infantile), and smallpox There were 5 prema- ture births, 38 cases of «tillborn, and 9 deaths from vivlent causes, The following is the classifeativa of diseases:—Bones, joints, &c., 2; brain and nerves, 8,5; heart and blood vessels, 107; skin, &c,, and erapti and premature births, 43 mach, bowels, and other dige ‘gans, vertain seat and yeneral fevers, uriuary organs, 1; old age able gives 248 natives of the United Sta of Ireland, 19 of Germany, and the balance divided among various European vountries. The cotton market was unsettled yesterday, and sales were confined to a few hundred bales, which indicated a falling off in prices of about fe. a fe. Flonr was Without material change, while sales were pretty freely made, including 8,000 or 10,000 barrels tor export. Wheat was unsettled, with moderate twansactions, chieily of the betier qnalities of white and by Com was rather easier, though with. vut change of moment in prices. Pork was about the same. Sugars contioned steady, with moderate wales. Coffee was in good demand, at full prices, Freight» were firm, with more offering for Liverpool, aud grain was pretty freely engaged, at 9c. a Dje., aud flour at Se To Havre rates were steady. Another vessel was token up for that port to load With flour ot 90 conts, Brat) sold Tun Exzcriox ty Wiscorsis.—The triamp’s of Gov. Barstow over the negte worshippers and over the administration fs now assorted by z those who seem to understand bee! the retaras of the recent Wiscensin election, As thy were but two parties in reality fn the fictd, and full half of the federal officeholders bitterly opposed the re-election of Gov. Barstow—the @emocratic hard anti-liqnor candidate—pray tell ue to what party the President and his peculiar friends befong fin. Wisconsin® When General Pierce organized his administration, he set aside the great mes of the Wisconsin democracy for a few “doubtful men,” of more doubtfal political gender. After a season of confusion incident toa great act of treachery, like that ef Gon. Picree, Gov. Barstow and the great mass of the democracy reorganized ona Dasis of armed neutrality against the adminia aration. The triumph, then, of the democracy in that State is a double triumph over the abo- Jition fasion nagroites and over the adminis gration. Jt is certainly a great victory. t NEW YORK HERALD, SUNDAY, DECEMBER 2, 1855. Mhe Relations vf we United States and Eag- ' land—Domagogace in Dipsomacy. We have @ maxim of doubtfat morality tas, “right or wrong, we are for our country.” Al- lowing it to be a fair sample of Anworican | ideas on the snbject, it is immeotery impor- tent that we shoal} be right oo. all oooasions, | Our institutions of governmevt are the excep- tion, aud pot ihe rule. We are a republic, and the ovly real republie in the world. We are romething more: we are a demo- cracy—we call it a representative demo craty—bet po matter what it ie called, asa government we are weak, as a people we are etrong. Our real property constitutes the pri- wary source of our wealth, aud it employs a vast majority of our people, In fact, ours is wore an endless inflvidual proprietorsb)p than a government, We doubt not atall pat that our ideas and our polity are an advanced step in the progress of civilization— that oar mission is one of humanity—that our system reats upon bighcr degrees of popular intelligaace than avy other-—yet we are Jiable to suspicion, to combinations against ux, and above all to misrepreseniation aud ause, Now, then, bow important it is that the pub- lic administration of the United States should be conducted by the highest order of talents aud statesmanship, and the purest patrioviam | Our strength lies as much in the integrity of our political leaders as ia the jastice of our po- litiea) system——in the honesty of its executive department as in the equality of its laws. Con- stitutions and statutes are lifeless records with- out persons to execute and enforce them, These suggestions are enough to show the importance of having not only able bat faithful men to discbarge our domestic and foreiga obligations Undeniably American statesman. ship has degenerated into intrigues and dema- and duties, gogical contrivances to secure personal ad- vancement. The patriotism and wisdom of the early days of the republic are known only in We have been passiag through an age of politica! chicanery—of self- ish combinations to procure the spoils of office. Already it bas become a bad time for demr historical records. gogues. The great iuterests ef society, com mcree, manufactures, capital and enterprise, and the growing and advancing jadgment of condemning them, all coot-headed men, are They are tbe capkers of those classes, and the great enemies of free institutions. The fonts of our goverument commend its policy to all men ; they would draw to us the sympathy of all men but for @ selfish demagognes who use the offices they possess for personal objects, who pander to insane prejudices, who baild up local and national antipathies—who, in short, live by subverting the true purposes of our government to their own petty schemes of am- bition and plunder. How well is al) this Mastrated by the course pursued by the Pierce Cabinet in its iater- course with Great Britain! The present ad- ministration came into power on the coaserva- tive clement of our system. It was these who had become disgusted with agttations, with ab- stractions, with intrigues, with fraud of every kind, that placed General Pieree in power. They had sickened with the endless policy of Van Buren, with the ceaseless fermentations of Seward, with all the radical extremes of our country, and, planting themselves upon the constitution as the irrepealable, the sacred compact of Unioa—the only true compromise between the North and the South, the Hast and tbe West-—they united to place Gencral Pierce, who was be pd tobe the truest representa- tive of their idea, in the Presidential offes, His first act was to organize his Cabinet by securing in its members an organ of every ex- treme opinion eatertained by factions. Policy was thus endorsed in tbe ontset as the govera- ing rule of his administration; and it musi be confoseed, if he has been true in nothing else, be has at least been faithiul to that instinct of his nature—that of administering our domes- tic and foreign aifairs on the maxims of policy alone. We had five adjourned questions with Great Britain—Canadian reciprocity, the fishery dis- pute, the Centra] American intervention and protectorate, Dominica or Hayti, and indirest- ly that of Cuba, All these matters were, ia fact, mere abstractions, save the latter. They were, however, permitted periodically to alarm the great interests of commerce, manufac- tures and money, and were very good means at each reenrring election of making po- litical capital for needy adventurers in our politics. Thoy had served as the staple commodity for a vast number of small aspirants for public notoriety, It was, there- fore, not very strange that General Pierce, whose natural ingtincts lead him to sympathise with them, and whose abilities had not raised bim into the ranks of statesmen, should con- ceive the idea of glorifying his administration through their instrumentality. There was no great friendship for Great Britain in the States it was easy to stir up popular indignation against that country. Lord Clarendon was ig- norant and foolish enough to avow a purpose to set limits to the action of our government and people, The time was auspicious, at all events, for General Pierce and Marcy to set up a con- genial retail trade on the strength of the un- settled matters in dispute. It was manifest, too, that the controlling interest of England and the Uniled States demanded peace. In fact, war was impossible, [¢ was, therefore, safe for the demagogues of the London and Washington Cabinets to make «little personal capital by fomenting disputes upon the five points of no- minal controversy between them. It is obvious enough that any two enlight- ened and fair mou in the world might have settled thove questions In twenty-four hours, That they should be grouped and closed to- gether was aleo vufiiciently obvions. Goy. Marey aud Lord Palmerston saw this, but such a couree neither comported with the personal policy of the one nor with the retail business of the other, Palmerston was a warlike Secreta- ty—he wanted the benefit of a long, sharp, spunky diplomatic exhibit to aid him with the aristocracy aud the East Iudia Company in England ; Marey wanted it for the purpose of showing to the American people that they had avaliantand faithful representative in Pierco’s Cabinet of all the silly prejudices which the small beer politicians for years have been manufacturing in the United States, That the matiers in dispute could bave been better ar- ranged together than separately, nobody doubt- ed for a moment. Io fact, there was nothing to tettle, eave that growing out of the pretensions of England to control the destiny of Caba, That question was therefore made most prominent, Soulé was sent to Spain; the Ostend Conference was gotten up; a deflant programme looking to the conquest of Cuba, with or without war, was arranged; commerce and capital got fright. ened; Pierce and Marcy got frightened. The question of Cuba was something more than be- tween England and the United States; it was ® point to be settled with the Continental States, which determined -to save it from ab- sorption by ua by a little bluster; aod they suc- ceeded, Marcy backed out, and in doing so be lost ali the credit he gained by the Koszta iu- flammation; he proved the latter movement to have been a trick, He rallied again ia June or July upon the enlistment bueiness—another silly abstraction which nobody cares anything about, It was wrong in England to remind us that we had laws against that kind of opera- tions, for we bad forgotten al) about them; bat with or without such laws, the British Cabinet bad no business to establieh recruiting stations in a neutral State, We thought so acd said so juet as soon as the work commenced, aad just as it was discontinued. It wag nothing to fight about, but a capital thing to write about, be- cause our government was on the Lazarus side of the gulf. : It isnot true that both Ragland and the United States have permitted their govera- ments to play the demagogue to tickle the popular ear and to promote the fortunes of their officials, In this country the question of war reste with Cougress, The execative is di- rected to carry on the correspondence be- tween us and other States; but the final adjust- ment of every controversy must be determined by the legislative authority, Though this is not technically. the same in England, it is practically 60. For instance, should war be precipttated upon us by the Palmerston Cabi- net, ibere is no doubt at all but it would be promptly overthrown; and it isnot certain that the recent warlike ‘bluster of that Cabinet may not drive it to resignation. It need not be answered that Parliament sustains the pre- sent war with Russia—that war did aot excite the commercial and mannfactaring classes against it—great central trading, commercial and moneyed Fogland was not alarmed by it— those very interests that thrive on intercourse with us, Political parties in this country and in Hag- land have so managed as to depress statesman- thip and promote demagoguism--so as to make politicians, How obviously bas this beea the case may be seen in the history of our demo cracy——in their local and national conventions ~-in the policy of their nominations and the games they bave played as local and general magistrates, Gen. Pierce was nominated be- cause of hia obscurity, aod to enable the poli- tical traders to shape his administration by the charts of mere policy. But the signs iadicate achange—the fruits of pollvy have become sickeving. Both Palmerston and Marey have lost immensely in the recent flurry. It is easier, even now, to be o statesman than a po- Jitician. Itallan Prospects. Sanguine friends of the Pope have in- dulged the hope that the recent concordat with Austria would have the effect of rais- ing the power of the Papacy. The hope is not consistent with a judicious examination of Italien politics, Itis doubtless true that the, concordat will operate to rally Austria to the support of the Papal cburch; but to raise the Pope even to a respectable position among monarchs is beyond the power of the Court at Vienna, The wretched Bourbon dynasty which is slowly dying out at Naples, is not more of a farce—considered as a government—than_ the secular institutions in the Papal dominions, Like a decrepit old woman, who forgets tha: time has not spared her, avd leers and mum- Dies the soft words of love she used to whisper into vaviched cars in the days of her youth and her beauty, the Pope lingers on—a bishop and aking, in name—in fact, decayed trank— publishing amid the sarcastic Inaghter of aa enlightened world bulls and concordats and re- scripts which were once wont to make men tremble; and feebly clutching at the eceptre which a stronger hand than his sustains, for selfish purposes, in his shaky fingers. A pitia- ble spectable! But all Italy claims concern. Divided be- tween two parties, each backed by a foreign Power, it awaits the day of revolution pati- ently. On one side stands Sardinia, with its constitutional government on the Lonis Philippe model, its thriving people, its rail- roads, its trade, its cfiicient army: on the other, Rome and Naples, with their decay, their stagnation of popular blood, their con: temptible rulers, and now and then, their spasmodic crises of despotism in the sovereign and silent suffering among the people. At the Lack of the former stands France, not forget- ful either of Louis XII. or of Napoleon 1; ond willing, even while restoring the Pope. to give substantial aid to Victor Emmanuel’s administration in throwing off the Papal alle- giance. Behind Naples aud Rome crouches Austria: plainly jealous of the growth of free- dom on the borders of Lombardy; courting the Pope, as though he could help the Cwsars; and feeling a grim sort of satiefaction in support- ing @ pair of governments worse than her own. Even Russia--so the story, which is of British manufacture, tells ua—has a kind word for imbecile Ferdinand of Naples, aad would find anally in him, if there were the least pos: sibility of hie getting bis troops to the seat of wor. To euppose that out of ‘his chaotic imbroglio any good can come for hie Iolinees requiives a strong Catholic faith in the perpetuity of the church, The Gentiler, as a rale, are inclined to look rather for the supremacy of Sardinia than for any revival of the Papal power. It is currently reported in Rarope that Victor Finmannel may expect nn extension of his boundaries, as the reward of his participa- tion in the war. Should hostilities last a year or two longer, It is almost impossible that Na- ples and Austria can keep wholly aloof. Hither ite territory of the King of the Two Steflies or Lombardy would answer the purpose of the Allies, The Sardinian dominions might be epread to Venice, or Naples might be anaex- od, avd o constitutional government estal- lished there. There is no insuperable objec. tion even to placing the Pope wader the pro- tection of Sardinia, after the mauner of the British protectorates in Hindostan. It ie a very remarkatle fact that Sardinia is the only continental nation of Norope which has proved itself capable of maintaining a con. etitutional government peaceably. ven France conld not abide it for overs generation, In Sordtnia it works admirably. The inference is the same as that which was suggested by the dictatorship of Manin at Venice; namely, that the Italiang, much abnsed and derided as they have been, are perfectly capable of self govern- ment when freed from theocratic despotiem. ahe Henry Olay V.etters—Mr. Botis and Mir. Clay versus Gen, Taylor=Mr. Botts #ro- posed tor the Presidency. We give a wonsiderable margin of our news columns this morning to the rights and the wrongs oF Henry Clay and John Minor Botts, in oppasition to poor old General TayJor and the pipe-leying politicians that contrived to ruh bim through the Philadelpbia Convea- tion of 1848; and, also, to a very interesting correspondence in reference to the nomina tion of Mr. Botts as the Presidential candidate of the American party for 1856, The production of the hitherto unpublished letter of Mr. Clay, of August 29, 1348, to Mr. Botts, is explained in the communication of the latter gentleman to hie friend Mr. Fry. This Clay letter, thus brought ont by Mr. Botts in self detence, is of more importance, we dare ray, a8 a historical paper, than all of the series publisbed by Mr. Colton put together. It shows upon what slender thread the elec- tion.of Gen, Taylor depended, Mr, Clay had but to list bis finger, and Old Zack wonld Lave’ been” signally defeated; and, after the declaration of Gen, Taylor, that no matter who might be nominated as the whig candi- date, be intended to run anyhow, we must say that the temptation to give him a Rewland for an Oliver was such as only the most gene- rous avd magnanimous mind could resist. How different, for example, the conduct of Mr. Van Buren, when superseded as the democratic no- minee by Gen. Casa! How different the con- duct ot Mr. Webster and Mr. Fillmore, when, under circumstances far less mortifying aad provoking, they were superseded by General Scott! Something in thia connection may also he said for Mr. Botts. In ’48, when he came bere to New York to getup a little indignation io bebalf of Mr. Clay, he bad only to publish or to exbibit one of his lettera from Asbland, in order 10 avenge him most effectively against the Philadelphia Slaughter House Convention. In resisting this temptation Mr. Botts exhibited a remarkable degree of forbearance, consider- ing the ueages of war, and the peculiar oir- cumstances resulting in the overslaughiag of Henry @ay. Now, however, as the ice has been broken, and. as there can be no sufficient impediment remaining to jastify the suppres- sion of those other letters of Mr. Clay’s in the possession of Mr. Botts, justice, we think, to all parties concerned, and to the public, requires that they should be brought out. A word, now, upon the other branch of the subject: A Know Nothing Committee of Triangle, Broome crunly, N. Y., write a flatter- ing letter to Mr. Botts, proposing him as their firet choice as tho American candidate for "56, They soy he ‘pre-eminenty fills the portrai- ture” they have drawn of the proper man. This, we confesr, considering the name and the fame of “Live Oak George” in the Empire State, comes down upon us just now something like a bombshe)l, tearing through the roof and the upper floore of the building, and exploding at our feet. The Americans carry New York —the result is lergely attributed to the name and the influence of “Live Oak George” among the masses of our people; and we are flattering ourselves with (the idea that “Live Oak George” isthe man for the New York Americans, any how, when, presto’ in comes this manifesto from the Broome county Triangle nominating Mr. Botts, the identical Ciay whig who slept under the rame blanket with Captain Tyler, and who afterwards pledged himself to “head him or die.” From the reply, however, of Mr. Botts “to this Triongnlar committee of Broome county, we rise satisfied and easy. Mr. Botts concurs in the views of the committee on his behalf (and who coitld resist such arguments?) bat he is not a Presidential aspirant, and will do nothing to procure the oilice. If, however, a majority of the people, nolens volens, should rally upon him and carry him in, he will be President de facto as well as de jure, No such manager as Ulayton, Marcy, Cushing or lorney will lay down the law to President Botts. In this respect his position is about the same as that of Governor Wise; and if the democrats nomi- nate Mr, Wise, the Americans should nominate Mr. Botts, for then it would be Greck meet Greek, and the fur would fly from the backs of the hide-bound democracy of the Old Do- inion to some purpose. But Mr, Botts gives us to understand thai this is the age of small Presidential potatoes, and so M® modestly with- draws from the squabble Mm disgust. Pipe- laying and wirepulling do the business. By these means Mr. Clay was twice set aside, and Harrison and Taylor were taken up; and all the great democratic guns had to give way first to Polk, and then to Pierce. Pipe-laying, wirepulling and thimble-rigging, then, being the agencies through which our Presidential candidates have been nominated for the last fiftcen years, and small sunburnt potatoes being the inevitable result, Mr. Botts logical- ly and consistently places himself among such unavailables as Olay, Webster and Case, Thus, too, there is still an opening for “Live Oak George,” Read the letter of My. Botts about Mr. Clay and Gen. Taylor: it is very interesting and very curious and satisfactory—read the lelier from the Triangle committee nominating Mr. Botts for ’56, and read his courteous, modest, dignified and instructive letter in reply. Read all thee letters, and don’t forget that this is the identical Mr. Botts who slept under the same blanket with Captain Tyler, but who left the Captain when the Captain left Henry Clay. Sa. we nave a Reaisrry Law t— We pab- lish cleewhere the old registry law of 1540, which we take from the volume of laws of that year, poge 52. It is generally understood that one of the first measures that will engage the attention of the Legislatare at the ensuing see. sion will be the pareage of s bill of similar | tenor. The act of 1840 was repealed mainly through the inflacnee 1 politicians whose cor- rupt practices it tended to check. Since its repeal the corruptions which lave tended so | grievonsly to nullify our popular elections have increased year after year, uatil at present tion can pass off without the most direct charges of falsification being advanced against the inspectors. Whatever degree of truth may be contafned | in these rumors, it is incontestible that they ought to be silenced. The snspicion of (rand is only one remove less injurious than the re- ality, And when public journals etate empha- tically that » deliberate alteration of clec- toral votes has taken placo, with the effect of giving the victory to one man when the people intended it to belong to another, any plan ee which holds oat a fair prospect of curiag the evil ought to be embraced with alacrity. A registry law will certainly meet the lead- ing objections to the present system. Nor can there be any difieuity in framing o statute which will be open to no critiziam on the ground of unconstitutionality, It is. cer tainly competent to the State Legistatare to preseribe what kind of evidence shall be relied upon to establish the citizenship of a man who desires to vote. And unless we say that the trne meaning and intent of the constitution is that every human being of the male gender shall be presumed to be acitizen until the contrary is proved, we cannot discover in that document any provision inconsistent with a registry Jaw. Certaiuly, the theory that a law denying a vote to the citizen who refuses to comply with the prescribed form for ‘proving bis citizenship and residence, cousti- tutes a disfranchisement contrary to the pur- pose and spirit of the constitution, would, if it were carried out to its patural extent, nullify every Stute statute and muuicipal regulation concerning elections, We trust therefore that, while care is taken in framing the bill to give the Philistines as slight on opportunity for cavil as may he, the old law may be re-affirmed in all such essential particulars as shall wholly exclude from the enjoyment of the franchise those who have neitber been registered by the public officers ex-officio, nor justified ag citizens on their own application. The principle of popular sove- reignty demands this protection and vindica- tion at our hands, ~ Popular Tarmoil in England, The London journals are full of accounts of riots in Hyde Park. Sowe months ago a bill was introduced into Perliament by a Lord Grosvenor to put a stop to Sunday trading, This measure was regarded as an encroach- ment upon the rights of the poorer classes, was resisted with vebemence, and defeated. One of the plane used to agitate against it was the assemblage in the parks on Sundays of masses of individuals who hooted and hissed the rich persous who went there for their Sun- day afternoon drive. Though the bill died the asrembjages did not. They Lave been kept up ever since, ond latterly, ia consequence of some slight increase in the price of food, have become large, noisy and turbuleat. The newe- paper organs of the comfortable classes ia England cali loudly on the police to put them down with @ strong band; bat trom their num- bers and boldness this would seem no slight undertaking, A wore serious trouble than this has appear- ed at Manchester in the sbape of strikes on the part of one or two classes of cottoa spinners at seven or eight of the mills, The millers, it seems, find it impossible to continue to work without losing money; they have re- colved to reduce the wages of their men he- low the point at which they stood before the increase in 1853, Meetings have been held aud negotiations set on foot between masters and men, but without any good result, or even prospect of accommodation. The employers exhibit their usual haughtiness, obstinacy and arrogance ; the men seem to be guided by a much more sensible spirit than usual. If an umpire were called fu to decide between the two, he would have some diiliculty ia pre- venting himself being swayed towards the side of the operatives by the calamess of their tone and the business-like logic of their reasoning. There events are of little consequence save as indications of the prospect that is before England, It has been the boast of the Allies that they were carrying on one of the greatest ware ever waged without feeliag it in their cormmercial and industrial relations. The vaunt is only relatively just. An increase of prices and a diminution of work have been the lead- ing drawbackg of war from the beginning of history—they ill not be wanting at present. There Sunday riots—or bread riots—which the Times desires the police to pat down with club and pistol, are perhaps only the beginutng of a popular protest and rebellion against them. We find them still more plainly marked in the manufacturing districts. To what extent they may procecd it is dificult to say, though we have some fair data to reason from. n It is notorious that neither of the two belli- gerent maritime Powers have much money left out of the proceeds of the late loans. They must come into the market either before or shortly after New Year for new loans. As to the amounts required, it is estimated that Pyance will need three huadred and England one hundred millions of dollars, On another hand there appears to be very little prospect of a reduction in the prive of breadstufts or other articles of food. The exorbitant price which sugar commands will of course not last: but so long as the war demand continues, it secms unjustifiable to expect a material decline in the other staples which constitute the food of the poor. Even native agricultural pro- ducts in France and England will naturally be enhanced in value by the immense diversion of labor from the plough to the musket. ally, it is natural that manufactures shonld decline. Their prosperity depends on the prosperity of the other branches of industry and trade. And to long as the farmer is taken from the field to become o eoldier, and merchants’ slips charter- ed from January to December to carry cannon balls, it is impossible that the consamption of cotton and woollen fabrics can revive. Whether, with new loans going a begging, and the realized tapital of rich men absorbed by national demands, with tiour and beef and tea and sugar almost beyoud the reach of ope- ratives, with a steady decline in the demand for British cottons, and consequently a corres- ponding diminution in the market for labor, it is reasonable to expect that the troubles wa now witness in England will disappear daring the course of the coming year, is a question whieh every reader can answer for himself. He can find no better aid to reflection on the sal ject than the peace speech of the Emperor Nes polcon at the closing of the French Exhibition. Mecuanics’ Ixsrrretss is Cancroania-The friends of intellectual progress are, we are happy to find, bestirring themselves as actively in California as in the older States of the Union. Antongst the evidences that are continually reaching us of the fact, the following will not be deemed the least satisfactory :-— Meowasics’ Leerert Te of run Cory o Sax Feancs saad No, 10 Express Mailding, Oot. 26, 1855. } Mr. J. G. Benet Sie At ow ae a a he beld ~ thetr roms on the evening of the 10th inst., duty to notify you of nn one wnaniinous ‘Gestion - ps porary member thereof, oyery octtully, iusto obedient servant, HE. MS, Corresponding Secretary. bensanesine Inerrtote oF sue Ory oF Sax Praxcisoo, } No, 10 Exproes Byiiding, Oct, 25, 1856. f Mn, J. G. Besser Sin—At a meeting of the Board of Directors of the Mechanies’ Institute of the city of San Feanctses, held at eee | (heir rooms, on Tuerlay evening, June 21, cuosharee 7 $0 of the veo te Mh ba of yerary "0 8 to the officers of ord to gentlemen of hnowa siceretiig oes pga ef the eon- rhtutlop and by-Jaws, anc ave them of ite suecessful nigat’ nd bern tabi fo these who hw eon, therefore, See na te tirms, tt can sea eae te grveral urefulness, Hut fo mechantes nos of Ran Fragel ‘who are reve from every State of he American mo't European Bin'es, wilely eperaled from the some intl of home, wiih but few pisces of innocent, oot euco am association had 5) the city of forth in its consti- forenaad by-laws, » copy of Lat is herewith yeasiseets driieving tye bre veoh as to commend themselves to: the intel wit lberel aed the good, everywhere, we eB iteit svel butions cf books, selentifie badiworin ofart as you may have de will and the ability In acvordemce with the above, I have the honor to be, your obedient servant BF. Wiha, Correaponding Secretary. Our agent fa New York is Charles B, Norton, 71 Cham- dors street. With these comuannications we received a copy of the constitution, by-laws and regala- tions of the Institute. We may state briefly that the object of the association is the formation of a library, readiog room and the collection of a cabinet of natural history, scientific appara- tus, works of art, ie, Its capital atock’ is to be seventy-live thousand dollars, or sach further sum as may be fixed hereafter, (in shares of twenty-five dollars each,) which isto be invested in the purchase of a snitable lot in the city of San Francis: o, the erection thereon of a proper building or hall for the use of the Institute, and the first elements of the collections speci- fied. The important part which mechanies’ insti- tates have play.d in the work of modern civili- zaiion is too well knows to require any demon- stration at our hands. Both in this country and in Great Lritaia they have helped to ad- vance the intellectual status of the masses by at least half acentury. Next to educational establishments they are the most effective moral agents that we have. They have, for instance, done more in a few years to diminish the evils of intempirance than the efforts of the Maine Law League would have effected in anage. By amusing and interesting the mind they have drawn thousands from dissipation and ruin, who could not have been reformed by any other menos, At the same time they have contributed to elevate the intellectual tastes of our people to a standard higher than that of almort any other nation. Inno part of the Union was the want of these institutions more felt than in California, There, owing to the peculiar coustitution of the community, the temptations io idleness and intoxication are necessarily great. Where money is easily made itis generally us easily spent, and self-denial bas not been thus far the distinguishing virtue of the Californians, It is to this fact that are to be attrituted the savguinary outrages and the genera) disregard of life and property which daily diegrace the crimfoal records of the State. There is nothing more calculated to abate those evils than the establishment in every city, town aud village of mechanics’ in- stitutes. If the example set by San Francisco be generally followed, we ahall soon perceive its eflects ia a marked improvement in the so- cial condition of the State. Masine Affairs. The steamship Augusta, Capt, Lyon, from Savannah, arrived yosteroay, We are*indebted to the parser forr papers. Fine ar Stare Istanp,—A fire broke out at 534 o'clock yesterday meaning 1a the house of Mrs, Silvey, at Clifton, Staten I¢land, which, with its contan's (furniture, &e.,) ‘was entirely destroyed, The house has not been occu. plod for the last rix weeks, and when the fire was first discovered, it wasscon breaking out in several place simultaneously ; supposed to be the work of an incemii- ary. Sickness ON SiarnoaRD.—The ship Havana, Capt. Ad- ams, 44 days from Hamburg, with 160 passengers, arriv- ed at Quarantine on Fridsy, had lost om the passage sixteen deaths from cholera, The cxptain reports that on the second day out two died after am illness of but a few hours, which was the first intimation of the dis- care being on board, No deaths occarred after the second weet out, ‘the vessel and passengers have been detained at Quarantine, we understand, fora thorough purifica- tion prior to their coming to the city. Religious Intelligence, SERMONS. Rey. Sidney A. Cosey will preach in the lecture room ofthe Fifth avenue Baptist church edifice, now being completed, on the corner of Thirty-fifth street, to-day, morning and evening. Rey. Dr, Hutton will preach in the Reformed Protestant Dutch chapel, corner of Summit and Hicks streeis, South Brooklyn, vhs evening. The morning service will be ecndueted by the pastor, Rey. D, M. L. Quackenbash. Rey. Dr. Marselus will deliver » discourse to the Hol- Janders, in their own language, this evening, im the lec- ture room of the church, eorner of Bloecker and Amos streots, ‘The Madison street Methodist Episcopal church, having dispored of their place of worship, commer of Catharina Madison streets, will meet hereafter to the Ecomen'a chapel, Cherry] street, above Clinton, Bisho eon will preach in the'morning, and Rens Jeane P pea formerly President of Dickinson College, in the evening” APPOINTMENTS OF THE PROTESTANT EPISCOPAL. HISHOr. fovenoon, at the Church of the Re leemer, York- ternoon, at St, James’ church, at Fordhan,West- tor county. INVITATIONS, Roy. Henry A. Rowland, D.1)., of Fonesdale, Pa., hax prey. fe Be cat tendered him’ by the congregation of the Park Presbyterian church in Newark, New Jersey. Rey. Joserh Baker, Inte of Winchester, Virginia, har rereived and ac cepted a call from the church at Mount Carmel, Caroline county, Rev. Charles Howard Malcom, who’ was ordained in Vhiladelphia on the evening of the 20th ult., has ponte | a call to» Baptist church in Wheeling. Rey. J. Emerson Swallow, of Witzatngton, Mase received » tuanitous call from the N Congroguilonst church (orthodox) of Nantocket, to beeome its pastor. Ata meeting of tho Soventh stroct Associate Pei. terien congregation—formerly Rev. Hans W. Lee’s—tn Pittsburg, held last week, a call was unanimously made upon Be B. Clacke, of Canousburg, to accept the va- tation of Rev, A. A. of the (ghoreh in Frederi ka urg, WE tovk place on the Rey. Mir. ated was installed church at South Beston, on tho 22! The Kev Mr. Blood wil be installe? over the First Coogegational shureh of Emiiehl, Conn., on Wednesday, December 5. ‘The iealisth ont of Rev. Mr. Porter, pastor of the First Pre olan courch, fn Savennah, took eg at the new iu Montorey ayunre, on the 26th} Noyal Parkerson was installed over the Second anne iv Palioouth, Mass., on the 15th wit. vy. LS Atking was installed over the q Jeburch in Madison, Lane county, Ohie, on he Fn gl ofthe Baptist RESIGNATIONS, A. 1, Hilteelberger bas riven notise of bis Inten- bis gs conne>tion with St. Joseph's rn rg, Va. Rey. €, F. MeOauley, ore the sat, Reformed church st Middletown, hae his charge, and accepted a eall from 2 German church at Reading, J's. Rey. Mr. nc 4 of the Protestant Fj cbureb, and rector of Emanuel aor Athens, Ga., resigned ris pastoral change of that congregation. The Rev. 1. Jones haw resigned the charge of Christ church, Sharen, Ct. and aceopted a call to the rector- ship of Trinity church, Woicottville. Rev, 8. C. Fersonden has tendered his resignation the eockety of which he has so long beou Pastor, and o signe leaving Rockland, Me. NRW CAUNCHES A gplene.d chur etc im now ia, couree of ereetan at Seventeenth and Sprnce ype rolingipning oe § Fo ee ee eas Line Nee rig te BRAY saartal combination of the Gothle aud Byssa tine. adint | chapel, situated on Embar- eee tee Ut, Bil be aabtented to the. wer Ship po Aight ‘dod on Wednesday, the Sth day of De- Pe fodiantion of {hg Casha jerch in Lynn. Masa., ben the patronage sf Mary, took place oa the 27th. ultimo. ‘The detication of the now Prechytortin barca edifice