The New York Herald Newspaper, November 11, 1855, Page 4

4 NEW YORK JAMES GORDON BENNETT, PROPRIETOR AND EDITOR, @FFICE N. W. COKNER OF NASSAU AND FULTON STS. ——$—$—————— TERMS, oad in cateance » DAILY HERAL es per comy, $7 per annum. THE WEEKLY HE D, eorry Saturday, at 684 cenis per wopy, or $3. per annum; dre _Baropean elition, $4 per anna, to ‘part af Greut Britain, or $8 to any part y/ the Continent, both fondue postaye, s VOLUNTAAY CORRESPONDENOR conutining important aes, wlictiod from any jmarter of the wort roill he erally paid for, ma-OUk FORRIGN a PAakroULANLY ReQuYs7ED TO BBAL ALL LETTERS AND PACKAGES PPNO NOTICE taken of anonymous communications, We do net those reject. "TOR PRINTING executed with neutness, cheapness ang dea. PADVERTISEMENTS renciced every day. Wolame XX................. . seseeee Mo, SIS AMUSEMENTS TO MORROW EVENING. BROADWAY THFATRE, Broadway—Hoxcusack—To Pani ap Back ror £5, NIBL0'8 GARDEN, Broadway—A- crto—Licne Drorre, BOWERY THEATRE, Bowery—Sriu, Water Ruxs Deve —BxpssToroL. BURTON'S THEATRE, Chambers street—Dommey axp Sox—Lexp Me Five Sunaases, WALLACK’S THEATRE, Broadway— 44 sivest Destiny— ‘Yur MAN oF Many Furenns. WOOD'S MINSTRELS, 444 Broadway—Erntorian Pua- FORMANCES. BUCKLEY'S BURLESQUE OPERA HOUSR, 399 Broad- way—BURLESQUE OPERA AND NEGRO MINSTUELSY. MECIIANTOS’ HALL, 472 Broadway—Pror, Macauusten’'s Somers MAGIQUES. ACADEMY HALL, 063 Broa@way—Barrix or BuNKer MMPIRE BALL—Tore or RvRoPE—Siece oF Semastoron Sew York, Sunday, November 1, 1855. The News, On the first page our readers will find the latest returns of the recent election. The additional figures do not materially change the complexion of affairs. There was a report current, at a late hour last night, that Mr. Comptroller Flagg’s election was a fixed fact, be having a plurality of 161 votes. In consequence of the devastation by the yellow fever in Norfolk and Portsmouth, and the preva- Jence of that disease in the valley of the Mississippi, the meeting of the Southern and Western Commer- cial Convention has been postponed from the 19th mst. to the 30th of January next, when it will as- semble in the city of Richmond, Va. F We notice by Governor Johnson’s message that the cance of the United States and the State of Flo- rida on the one side, and the State of Georgia on the other, respecting the boundary between those States, involving a tract of land larger than two of the States of this Union, has by consent of the par- ties heen continued to the next term of the United States Supreme Court, The liquor dealers who were imprisoned in Pitts- borg for violations of the liquor law of Pennsylvania were released yesterday, the term of their sentence having expired. A large crowd of persons assem- bled at the jail, and, with a band of music, escorted them in procession through the principal streets. It is stated that the liquor dealers in Pittsburg in- tend to continue selling, so that the number of cor plaints will become so numerous as to impede the busines of the courts. From Washington we learn that several Know No- things, clerks, were dismissed from the departments yesterday, and that the administration intend to make a clean sweep, now that the elections have vesulted so disastrously to the democrats. in the matter of Nicholas Sucillon, whose extra- dition under treaty has been demanded by the French government on a charge of forgery, Mr Commissioner Morton has decided to certify to the government at Washington that the evidence given before him justifies such proceeding. After review- ing all the legal documents presented to him, and carefully analyzing the testimony for the prosecution, the Commissioner has come to the conclusion that “the ‘crime of forgery according to the laws of France had been committed in that country, and that the case had been so established before him as would justify the commitment of Sucillon on the charge.” Should the Secretary of State agree in these views the man will be sent to France. * From the report of the City Inspector we learn that there were 291 deaths in this city last week, of whom 103 were adults and 188 children. Among the causes of death were the following :—Bronchitis, ; consumption, 39; convulsions, (infantile,) 22 eroup, 11 ; dropsy in the head, 14 ; scarlet fever, 15; inflammation of the brain, 9 ; inflammation of lungs, 13; marasmus, (infantile,) 18 ; old age, 4. There were 36 stillborn cases, 10 premature births, and six deaths from violent causes. Inthe public institu- tions there wer deaths. The diseases are class- Bones, joints, &e., 2; brain and nerves, 64: generative organs,2; heart and blood vessels, 5 : lungs, throat, old age, 4; skin, &c., and eruptive fevers, 21: stillborn and prema- tare birth, 45 ; stomach, bowels and other digestive organs, 46; uncertain seat and general fevers, 16. The nativity table states that 5 were natives of Eng- land, 4 of France, 21 of Germany, 42 of Ireland, and ‘216 of the United States. WOn our inner pages this morning will be found « number of extracts from our foreiga files, among which the speech of Sir Archibald Alison, at the celebration of the Crimean victories, in Glasgow, will command attention, and the articles in relation to the capture of the Crimea by the Russians be found interesting. The sales of cotton, yesterday, reached about 1,000 bales, The whole advance, since the arrival of the Asia, has heen a fall je. The stock in this mar- ket is much reduced, and a good deal lighter than nsual for the same season of the year. Wheat was steady for prime lots, and rather easier for ordinary or common qualities. Indian corn was unchanged. Pork was the same, with rather more doing. The public sale of Rio coffee made yesterday exhibited an advance of about Jc. Sugars were quite steady, with a fair demand. There was no new feature to notice in freights. Dry fruit, and especially raisins, promise to be high this winter. The remainder of the last cargo, received here from Malaga, was sold yesterday. Boxes of bunch rasins brought $3 65 ; halves, $1.85; quarters, %5c., and boxes of layers $4 25. Dates to the 16th from Malaga have come to hand, stating that heavy storms and floods had occurred in the southern part of Spain, which had inflicted further injury on the fruit crops Revus Croate ann Witiiam Lioyp Gamn- sox.The late admirable speech of Rufus Choate of Massachusetts, is styled by Lloyd Garrison, in his abolition Liberator, as “the frothy, hunkerish, highfalutin speech of Rafus Choate.’ No wonder. It is just such men as Choate and Gov. Nant, and their arguments against a geographical disunion party, that have broken the back of the Seward coalition in New York and Massachusetts, Tae memory ef Webster “ still lives.” , 8: Cartas Toons.—The gallant sea captain J. H. Toone, though defeated for Sheriff on Taes- day, had the honor of having a fine schooner ebristened with his name on Thursday. Let him pick his flint and try it again. Why should not a jolly Jack tar be competent to act as an ofticer among the Jand-lubbers? Too Soox..Some of the Seward organs think now they ran op their piratical flag in this State too soon. Very likely. Suppose they take it down. Whatever may be the pre- our State ion, it is glory a whole year that Seward and his ‘ Pall Grory Exovatty cise revults of enough for laid low in HERALD. | ™ =<" NEW YORK HERALD, SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 11, 1855. Picet—British Literference In American Affaurs. The language ia which the British organs of the Palmerston government have referred to the increase of the British fieet in the West Indies, is too plain to be mistaken. The ships are despatched to the American coast because the government of the United States is too weak to perform its function of causing the Jaws to be executed. It is the opinion of the Briti:h government that certain individuals in this country contemplate iNegal acts, and that without help from abroad the constituted au- thorities of this country will be incapable of sesisting them; therefore, out of pure love for us and regard for the abstract cause of order, these British lords send out a fleet to keep these turbulent fellow-countrymen of ours in awe. A number of questions are suggested by this proceeding. Is it a fact that the .tenden- cies and temper of any considerable portion of our people are such that armed squadrons are needed to keep them in subjection? Those who are really acquainted with the facts will have some difficulty in answering this question as the British government has done—in the affirmative. For several years we have been used to hear the United States accused of fili- busterism and lawlessness by their trans- atlantic friends. Yet what justification for these epithets does history afford? We can safely assert that during the last three or four years, there has not been a country in the world in which the neutrality laws have been more faithfully or more scrupuiously car- ried out than by the citizens of the United States, And has not the government of Mex- ico been sustained with our money? Where are the instances of this filibusterism which Lord Palmerston feels it incumbent upon him to go out of his way to check in the interest of “the thinking portion of the American peo- ple” and humanity at large? It is very true that in some instances lately, the neutrality laws of the United States have been violated, and with a certain degree of impunity; it is even likely that these viola- tions are in some measure due to the careless- ness and negligence of the officers of govern- ment. Had the public officials kept a closer watch upon his Excellency, Mr. Crampton, the British Consuls, and the other agents of the British government in this country, some breaches of the law might possibly have been prevented. But are we to suppose that Lord Palmerston has the impudence to boast of his having enlisted soldiers here in defiance of our laws, and actually used the circumstance as a pretext for sending a fleet to America? In this cquntry not a little sympathy was ex- erted on behalf of the British officials who were arrested in consequence of this enlist- ment business; it was charitably presumed that they acted ih ignorance of the law; but if the forbearance of the public officers and the courts is to be made the basis of an assertion that the government of this country is incapable of doing its duty without the aid of a British squadron, why, perhaps it is not yet too late to see if the mistake cannot be remedied, and a practical evidence given to the world that our neutrality laws are not a dead letter, even when opposed to Her Britannic Majesty's Con- suls. But it will be time enough to exculpate our- selves from the charges of lawlessness and fili- busterism when we are before a court compe- tent to try us. Even granting all that Lord Palmerston has said about the character of the American people to be true, the interference of the British government in the concerns of ours, their arrogant assumption of the right to enforce American laws against Ameri. ean citizens, would still remain examples of intolerable impertinence, So long as the government of the United States exists, it would seem that no excuse can be offered for the wanton intrusion of a foreign government upon its duties. Most certainly—if we may il- lustrate the case by reversing it—if the United States governmer® were to send a squadron into the British Channel in order to prevent British ships from molesting neutral vessels— as we hear they have done—and to intimate quietly that for the fature we would undertake the police of their coast, onr offer would be met hy a sharp reboff, and our vessels would be treated os unwelcome intruders. We should be told that the British government was still able to take care of itself, that when it wanted help, it would ask for it. Now, has the administration of Mr. Pierce spirit enough to make this protest against the new West India squadron? We do not believe it has. It is our conviction, founded upon nearly three years’ experience of the Pierce Cabinet, that they will not protest against this encroachment on their functions, but that on the contrary it will operate to induce them to abandon any projects they may have en- tertained with regard to Cuba, St. Thomas or Central America, | The President himself is s compound of recklessness and timidity; and while on the one side he would not recoil from bombarding an inoffensive city like Greytown, he cannot be expected to preserve common self- respect in acase in which the powerfal em- pires of France and England are involved. A man of more character would meet the insult- ing measure of Lord Palmerston by an imme- diate demand for explanations and for a with- drawal of the fleet. Indeed, after what has been said, it seems doubtful whether anything short of the dismissal of Mr, Crampton—harsh as that measure might seem—would prove beyond dispute that we do intend in this coun- try to enforce our laws, But no such energetic measures can be expected of the Pierce ad- ministration. The most probable issue of the aflair will be a confirmation by their supine- ness of the British assumption that the govern- ment of this country was in effect incapable of taking care of itself, doing its duty to the peo- ple, or preserving the national honor. What Do We Now Benoip?—The Washington Union, in a soft article upon the Maryland and Massachusetts elections, says:— What do we now behold? In a contest which threat ens to divide,.not only the Union but the Christian chareh, however cenominated—n contest led off by Mas- sachusetts —— —— the Catholic and the slave! as the chief motive for its energetic co- operation. uch a contest we see Maryland. joining hands wit saclrisetts to put down the only party in existence which can maintain her own principles, or pro- tect her from the bigot and the fanatic. ich are the events presented within the last two days to the intelli- gent observer, Deplorable enough, in all conscience! But why did not the administration keep its hands off? It ruined everything for the democracy by interfering in our New York affairs, and has only made magters worse by intermeddling in Maryland and Massachusetts. When will d the Caged Gipeu loacn & ttle discretion! ‘The Sound Dues—The Course of the Admi- nistration—Is tt Right? ‘The action of our administration in notifying Denmark of our intention to submit no longer to the imposition of the toll collected at Elsi- nore by the Danish government, is likely to complicate this republic somewhat in the af- fairs of the Old World. There can be, and we believe there is, among well-informed and unprejudiced minds, no second opinion in re- gard to the injustice of levying this tribute. It originated at atime when it was a quasi- recognised principle that ‘They shall take who have the power, ‘And they shall keep who can, The Norsemen of those days had the power to levy their tribute ; but both the principle and the power have long since ceased to be recognized on earth. There should be, and of international right can be, no such thing as & mare clausum or closed sea. Nevertheless, we do not approve of the action of our admin- istration in attempting at this critical juncture in Europe, to strike an almost fatal blow at the existence of one of its nations—for there is little donbt that the depriving Denmark suddenly of its principal source of revenue would be, if not fatal, atleast imminently dan- gerous. It might with more propriety have waited for the settlement of the Eastern war, and then with dignity and resolution have made known its determination. For the better understanding of the question, we propose at this time to give a sketch of the relations between Denmark and the United States since we became &n independent nation. At the time of our Declaration of Indepen- dence, and subsequent recognition by Euro- pean governments as an independent Power, the Sound dues were paid by all nations, and had been frequently recognized by treaties en- tered into between Denmark and the first Eu- ropeap Powers as one of the absolute rights belonging to the crown of Denmark, fully es- tablished by immemorial usage. They have existed so long that “the memory of man run- neth no: to the contrary.” The ships of na- tions who had no treaties paid at the rates es- tablished by Denmark herself. Where treaties existed, they paid the rate established by the treaty, which was always lower than the Danish tariff. Now, the Danish writers say that when the United States sought to be recognized by Den- mark and the other European Powers, they in so doing acknowledged the whole political European system then-existing, which was based on usage and on treaties, and thereby became obligated to bear their burden in the share of duties and obligations which that system imposed upon them, and thus ac- knowledged as one part of that system the right of Denmark to levy the Sound dues on all vessels passing into the Baltic. Wedo not, however, see the force of.the logic. Had Denmark owned all the shores of the Baltic, and the rivers emptying therein up to their navigable points, then, indeed, her right to the exclusive navigation of the Baltic, and to toll at her gates, might be less questiona- ble. Vattel, and all writers on the law of na- tions, concur in this point. Vattel, to illus- trate this principle, says:— ‘The Mediterranean was formerly included within the ands of the Romans. That people by rendering them- selves masters of the Strait might subject it to their empire and add it to their domain. They did not by this means injure the rights of other nations; a particular sea being manifestly designed by nature for the use of the countries and the people who surround it. Besides, in defending the entrance of the Mediterranean from all suspected vessels, the Komans secured iy one single stroke the immense extent of their coast; this rearon was sufficient to authorize them to possess it, and as 1t had an abeclute communication with none bat ther State, they were at liberty to permit or prohibit the entrance into it in the same manner as into any of their towns and provinces. Now, the Baltic is surrounded by the territo- ry of five nations—Russia, Prussia, Sweden, Mecklenburg and Denmark—and further, the free city of Lubeck has natural access to it. It cannot be reached through rivers by vessels of any other nations than those named. Rus- sia, Prussia, Sweden, Mecklenburg and the free city of Lubeck have all stipulated by treaties that their respective vessels shall pay the Sound dues to Denmark, according to the rates specified in the treaties; and they have never, before regulating the payment by trea- ty, disputed the right of Denmark to the toll, but have paid it from time immemorial. The riparian owners of the Baltic having thus for ages acknowledged the right of Denmark to the dues, and by treaties regulated the amount and manner of payment, Denmark’s right to the toll as against them is claimed to be as complete as if she were sole mistress of the waters of the Baltic and sole owner of its shores, But these Powers have thus disposed only of their own rights; they had no power to dispose of the rights of any other nation, least of all of the rights of a distant country like the United States, The agreement of all the riparian owners of a sea surrounded by land, that one of those owners shall have sole sway over its waters, does not exclude other nations not parties to the compact, who have by nature aright to the free use of the sea everywhere, Denmark’s best title, them, te the Sound dues, as against the Unived States, rests in bitinetaeta usage;” and the question then recurs how far this immemorial usage, or the immemorial collection by Denmark of the Sound dues, is obligatory on the United States. When the United States and Denmark ac- knowledged each other as nations and ex changed ambassadors, the United States ac knowledged the Danish system of government and the privileges and immunities of the Danish crown, or this mutual recognition could not have taken place. We then, for the first time, tacitly acknowledged the Sound dues, or rather the immemorial right of Denmark to heir collection. The right was somewhat in the nature of a franchise, which we tacitly acknowledged, but which we did not of course bind ourselves thereby to uphold immutably. The United States continued to pay according to the rate imposed by Denmark upon non- favored nations, without murmur and objec- tion, until 1826—a period of fifty years, In the year 1826 a treaty was formally rati- fied between the two countries, by the terms whereof the amount of Sound dues paid to Denmark was reduced to the same amonnt that France and Great Britain~being among the most favored nations—paid, or might at any time be required to pay. In March, 1830, another treaty was fatified between the two countries, which was negotiat- ed by our lamented countryman, Henry Wheaton, then U.S. Charge at Copenhagen. This treaty, however, had no reference what- ever to the Sound dues, but only stipulated for the payment of $750,000 by Denmark to the American government, to be apportioned by Aly TiLbn CUbdercivuers among such Aussi 2 it. can citizens as had sustained losses through captures by Danish privateers during the war between Denmark and England. These losses had occurred by American vessels having sail- ed under British convoy with British licenses, to avoid obligations which otherwise they must have observed, and having been captured and condemned as good prizes in Danish courts. The course pursued by Denmark in consenting to this payment, was viewed in a friendly light, and was considered rather as a couces- sion to cement the friendship of the two na- tious, General Jackson, in his message to Congress in 1833, said that Denmark, by pay- ing the amount of that treaty, had afforded “ a pledge for the maintenance of that friendly intercourse becoming the relations that the two nations bear to each other.” In 1841 Daniel Webster, then Secretary of State under President Tyler's administration, made a report on the Sound dues, which ac- companied Tyler’s message to Congress on the Ist of June, in which he says :— The right of Denmark to levy the Sound dues is assert- ed on the ground of ancient usage, coming down from the — when that Power had possession of both shores of the belt and sound. * * * Thave thought proper to bring this subject before you at this time and to go into these general statements in relation to it, which might be carried more into detail, and substantiated by doce- ments now at the department, to the end, that if you should think it expedient instructions may be given to the representative of the United States at Denmark to enter into friendly negotiations with that government with a view of securing to the commerce of the United States a full participation in any reduction of these dues, or the benefits resulting from any new arrangement res- pecting them, which may be granted to the commerce of other States. This recommendation led to negotiations with Denmark, which ended in Denmark far- ther reducing the dues on American vessels and cargoes. Mr. Webster, at the close of these negotiations, treating the question as settled, wrote to the Danish Charge at Wash- ington, officially, that he could not Hesitate to concur with him in the opinion that the settlement of this whole question is well calculated to strengthen and perpetuate the bonds of amity and good will between the two countries, This was a sort of indirect recognition by the United States, through the proper officer, of the right of Denmark to the Sound dues, and wasa graceful concession by Denmark of more than she was required to comeede by the treaty of 1826, In November, 1843, Mr. Upshur, Secretary of the Navy, stirred up the subject again, and used strong language in recommending that the Baltic trade should be rid from the oppres- sion. His report, however, was never acted upon, and therefore did not change the ar- rangement or weaken the force of Mr.Webster’s recognition. But this report of Mr. Upshur was seized upon in Europe, by parties in- terested in, the abolition of the Sound du and was made a handle of for so many misrep- resentations, especially in the Prussian pa- pers, of hostile feelings, and even of threatened war, between Denmark and the United free State, in utter disregard of the Missouri compromise line. That act of admission was upon the doctrine of popular sovereignty. So now, if Kangas shall be excluded as a slave State in spite of the wishes of her people, the Governor of Georgia proposes to resist the pro- ceeding as a violation of the compromises of 1850, which Georgia finally agreed to secept asasettlement, And is not Governor Joln- son right? That’s the question. ‘The Philoauphy of Advertisements. The Huraxp has exhibited for the last few weeks a feature which is without a precedent in the history of journalism. We allude to the notice to advertisers which has appeared daily in our columns, requesting them to curtail the length of their announcements. This step had been rendered necessary by the pressure of their favors. It is as possible to kill a news- paper as a friend by too much kindness. The number of our advertisements had in fact be come so overwhelming that they threatened in- time to impair the character of our political and news departments—an encroachment for which in our opinion no increased amount of revenue could compensate. This is not the first, by along number, of the innovations which we have introduced in the journalism of this country. We not only ori- ginated new features in the literary, but in the business administration of the American news- paper press. We were the first to abolish the credit system for advertisements—that incubus which hampered the resources and cramped the energies of newspaper proprietors. Under the old system, there was, besides, a slid- ing scale. of prices which Operated injerious- ly upon the character for freshness and novelty of ihe daily journals. The old plan was to charge the maximum price for the first insertion, and to diminish it for each sne- cessive one until it reached the minimum stand- ard. This system, as may be supposed, held out an inducement to advertisers to give or- ders at once for a certain number of announce- ments, the same matter thus appearing from day to day: Feeling that the advertisement columns of a newspaper might be rendered almost as fresh and interesting as its other de- partments, we abolished the sliding scale and yequired advertisements to be renewed and paid for daily. The results of this ianovation are before the public. It is needless for us to inform them that whilst it rendered the He- RALD infinitely more amusing and attractive than before, it gave an impetus to our busi- ness arrangemegts, to which the rapid growth and prosperity of the paper are in no small degree owing. Those who look upon the advertisements of a newspaper merely in the light of business announcements, whose mission and whose in- States, that the Prussian minister at Copen- * terest are at an end once they have appeared, hagen made a formal disavowal to the Danish government of any countenance by his gov- ernment of the course of the German papers. In October, 1848, during the war between Denmark and Schleswig-Holstein, our repre- | sentative, Mr. Flenniken, addressed a note to the Danish. government proposing a new treaty. But Denmark was then engaged in a war which required all her energies, and the subject was not pressed, and nothing came of Denmark, however, during this war block- aded the forts of Hamburg and Bremen for having aided her enemies, but as an act of courtesy to the United States permitted the steamships Washington and Hermann to ran with freight to and from Bremen, a concession of more advantage then to New York mer- chants than the amount of Sound dues paid by the United States for many years. No other diplomatic measures of conse- quence have taken place between the two governments until the present administration instructed Mr. Barringer, U.S. Minister at Co- penhagen, to give notice to Denmark that the treaty of 1826 will be considered as expired in one year after the notice is given, according to its terms. To this Denmark has answered:— ‘That the consequence will be that vessels of ti United States, in the passage throogh the Sound and the Belt, will be put on the footing of non-favored nations. The question comes to an issue on the 14th day of April next. The first American vessel that then goes to the Sound ona Baltic voy- age, will ascertain for us whether Denmark will submit or not. Wedo not see how Den- mark can yield without losing all right to the Sound dues from all other nations who have treaties placing them on the footing of the most favored nations, or without striking her flag at once to the United States. This we cannot expect, andit is more than we in justice can demand. If Denmark is weak, it is the more our duty to be magnanimous. Denmark is now understood to be willing to capitalize the tolls, or, in other words, to abandon them on payment of a certain sum to be contributed in due quota by all the nations interested. A conference has been called at Copenhagen at the close of the month, to take the subject in- to consideration. We hope that some such compromise will be effected. GronGia Porrrics-——Messa tHe Ne Governor—Boip Staxp on tif— Kansas Que: tion. — Our Georgia exchanges contain the long and interesting message of the new democra- tic Governor, Johnson, to the Legislature, from which we make the following significant ex- tracts. The Governor says :— The compromise measures of 1850 establivhed the principle that the people of the Territories should dever- mine the question of slavery for themselves, and tl hereafter, such Territories should be admitted, as States, into the Urion, with or without slavery, as taey should decide. The last Congress passed an act to organize Tor- ritorial governments for Kansas and Nebraska, in which ibis principle waa practically applied; and by the repeal ofthe Missouri prohibition which it’ contains, it opens these Territories to the slavebolder, with his property. The late clections in Mamwas show that a large majority of the people are im @wer of adopting slavery as a part of their domestio syotem, _ the ind oases are, that she will probably , dur ¢ ensuing Congress, for admission to the Uoton as aveolding State, This brings up the paramout question of the day, Looking to he elements of the next Congress, it seems that? the anti-lavery free soil sentiment is in the ascendancy and that ber application will be rejected. Now mark what follows. Governor Johnzon, speaking of the last resort, puts forward the following ominous recommendation :— This therefore is the condition of affaire—on the one hand, we see the threat, and the power to execute it, to refuse the admission of this Territory, as a State, inte the Union, ““beenuse of the existence of slavery there. in;’' on the other, Georgia stands Pledied Teds ach an act, “even (as a last resort,) to a disruption” of the Union. How then, can we secure the admission of Kan- yas ax @ slaveholding State, without resorting to this fearful ultimatum It can only be done by an untlinch. ing adherence to the position which the State has taken. She is the centre of the column of her Southern confe- derates; they will rally around and sustain her If «he faliers, all is lost. The determination to resist is settled; the manner fs not. The convention failed to specify, in this particular. It being the province of the sovereign- ty, the Legielature cannot «apply the omission. [ there- fore recommen you to provide by law for the calling of a State convention in the event of the rejection of Kan- ras “because of the existence of alavery in,” to de- liberate upor determine the time and mode of the esistance contemplated by the fourth resolution of the convention of 1850, This looks very much like a revival of the Southern secession conventions which followed eee ceeds Bee | OUR EI LST, will be surprised to learn that there is a further use reserved for them. Even in such apparently dry announcements there is a philosophy from which there is some thing to be gleaned. In a recent article upon the subject in the London Quarterly Review, on which a good deal of critical acumen and re- search have been expended, the writer very justly observes :—“In no manner can we 80 well ebtain at a rapid glance a view of the sa- lient points of generations that have passed, as by consulting those small voices that have cried from age to age from the pages of the press, declaring the wants, the losses, the amusements, and the money-making eagerness of the people.” It is a curious illustration of the stolid and unimpressionable character of the English people, that in these landmarks of their social progress, dating from the very earliest institn- tion of journalism in Great Britain down to our own day, we find but little alteration either in the spirit or form of their newspaper adver- tisements, The wider diffusion of education, and the increase of foreign intercourse seem to have had bunt little effect in altering or modifying their character. They all pre- sent the same leaden uniformity of style. ed by those tonches of humor and e centricity which we notice in similar annonnce- menis in the press of other countries. Apart from its historical interest, the literature of English advertisements forms but a dull and uninteresting study. itis not so in American journalism. The phases of our social transition are as distinctly marked on the advertisement columns of our newspapers as in the pages of oar histories, We have, for instance, only to go half a cen- tury back to find a striking identity of style in such matters with the old English models, We happen to have before usa file of the Poughkeepsic Political Barometer, dating from i804 to 1807. A duller or more common place publication it is impossible to conceive. it belongs, in fact, toan epoch when American writers bad no taste or manner of their own, and when they were compelled to borrow their exemplars from the old country. In its adver. tisemeuts we find au exact reproduction of the stereotyped style of English announcements, without any attempt to enliven them by a dash of humor or irony. One, however, is worth quoting, because it shows, as Sam Slick says, that “human natut, is always the same, whether ina white man or a nigger” :— Tey Doane Rewarv.—Ungratefally lett my service yesterday, a negro man, about 19 years old, nained Sam, nearly six feet high, of a yellowish complexion, thick lips; tock with him a dark brown mixed coat and waist- bine nankeen trowsers, a brown jean coat and over- a white figured jean waistcoat with pink stripes, clouded cotton swekings, old white hat, besides other ar: ticles. ‘This dereliction of service {8 base, because he was purchased by me at his own solicitation, at 25 dollars price, on an express contract to work out his freedom, as he knew Ewas principled against slavery, and had mana. mitted several. The above reward and all reasonable charges will be paid to any person who will return said servant, or secure him in any gaol and send me notice by mail or otherwise, GILBERT LIVINGSTON. Povennmersne, July 9, 1804, Since the date of the above how great has been the change effected in the American press! —a change to which our own efforts have in no small degree contributed. Instead of the lumbering, heavy articles with which, after English fashion, our editors used to send their readers to sleep, our journals, to be read, must now be plentifully spiced with Attic salt, and crammed full of amusing and exciting condi- ments. In this go-ahead country there must be no lead attached to the feet of our political Mercuries. We have acquired a style and a humor of our own, which are to the country native. In nothing is this more evident than in the off-hand and eccentric cha- racter of our advertisements. Let us take for instance one which appeared in our columns a couple of months back :— An unfortunate rascal, who bas been ont for the last three weeks on s spree, and who is heartily tired of doin: nothing, would be glad to get some employment. iH: can give no references, for no one will trust fim bat iy willing to tarm his hand to anything. Address B. W Hina offic The naiveté and genuine honesty of this an- ay Cesta, Wave aso | plished their object. Any lover of bis kin would have preferred taking into his servic this poor fellow, “with all his faults con fessed,” to accepting some Mawworm wit! a host of vices concealed under a slee and pious exterior. It suits, too, the ethics o| the country, which regard no failings as irre] deemable, nor no fortunes as irreparable. Our advertisement colamns are as fre quently made to serve the purposes of ih moralist and the satirist as they are those o| the wants and distreeses of individuals. Thu for instance, husbands who wear too loose}; the conjugal knot, and who are inclined t) stray into paths more pleasant than datifull may learn a useful lesson from such announce ments as the following :— James H—— is earnestly requested to retur mediately, His poor wife is ut the point o: her young infant nearly in the same condit whole family without a cent w sustain them. that hewill not resist this urgent appeal. forgotten and forgiven. The Irish Orange practice of advertising fo Protestant servants, has become popular wit] many, who, in this country, can have no pre| text for such exclusiveness, A satirist of th follies of the day inserted not long since a advertisement to this effect:— Wanted, a thoroughly morsl and pious female dom tic, whose conduct and character will bear the strictue investigation. She must be of Mormoa principles. a have received the seal of the Prophet. Adcress Jer: doam, Herald office. Another characteristic of American adver tisements is the ingenious application which j made of them to the current political event of the day. Thus, when Sebastopol was taken Lyons advertised under that caption an exten sive razzia among the rats, whilst in the sam connection Costar blood-thirstily informed th public that he was ready to destroy « whols army of cockroaches ! We might go on multiplying examples o the interesting, varied and highly attractiv character of this popular branch of America literature. We have quoted enough, however to convince our readers that there is mor practical wisdom and philosophy in it tha they had probably dreamed of. THE LATEST NEWS BY ELECTRIC AND PRINTING TELEGHAPHS, From ‘Washington. THE EFFECT OF THE ELECTION NEWS—DEC APITATIO OF KNOW NOTHINGS. Wasmtnatox, Nov. 10, 1855. 1 was informed this evening that F.J. Seyboit, a cler in the Sixth Auditor's office, a New Yorker and » frien] of Seward, was decapitated to-day. It id rumoced the several Americans were also dismissed from the depar ments. The administration intend to make a clea sweep, now that the elections have resulted so dis astrously. Livingston, Wells & Co., express agents, have not fied the Treasury Department that they wil! vot psy th fifty thousand dollars lately stolen from them nti? con pelled to do so by law. The Pennsylvania Liquor Law. Prrrsnvna, November 10, 1855. ‘The sentence of the liquor dealers who were convicte for violations of the Liquor law expired to-day. A larg crowd assembled near the jail, where carriages had bee providee anda procession formed, headed with « band « music; and the prisoners were conducted through th principal streets. It is understood that all the liqui dealers in the elty intend selling as usual, so that th uumber of complaints will be # increased as to clog th business of the courts until the law is repealed. Explosion of a Locomotive and Loss of Lite Puuapetpuia, Nov. 10, 1855. The locomotive of freight train on the l’enusylvani Railroad exploded yestercay near Penningtonville, ic stantly killing the fireman, named Chandler, and serious! injuring Jobn Wilhelm, the engivecr. The latter wo blown up into the air, and fell upon the telegeaph wis which broke with his weight The Augusta at Savannah. SAVANNAH, Noy. 10, 185 ‘The steamship Augusta (rom New York, avrived her at an early hour this morning, Markets. PHILADELPHIA STOCK BOARD. Pin.apenrnia, Nov. 10, 1855. Our stock market is steady, Pennsylvanis ©! ate 6's 8 Reading Railroad, $235; Long Island, 1274; Morris Cana 12) vennsylvania Railroad, 42%, The Sudden and Systerious Disappen vance o Mr, Neville, of Willtamaburg—Reward o| One Dundred Delays for his Recovery. The sudden disappearance of Mr. Neville, the propric tor of the Kings County Hotel, still remains « mystery} although every means have been adopted up io the pre sent time to solve it: There are vague rumors of k ing committed suicide, but those who heave been int mately acquaimed with him say that be aman the soundest judgment, and never exhibited tie slighter symptoms of insanity. The greatest excitement preval in Williamsburg in regard to the affair, and jis houwe i beset at all hours of the day by eager inquirer. bat th answer to each is that no trace has been fond that j likely to lead to his discovery. The genern! i upressior however, appears to be that he was murdered as he wal known to have several hund:ed dollars ab. om Friday night—the time of bis sudd ance. As yet, however, no person has nor does suspicion rest upon any person Mr. Neville’s family or s«cyuaintancy it is said, were observed to enter room after he had taken the woney from the was about locking up for the night; ea to know who or what the: r ‘om, or what business they had in the hie .« hour. In fact, this part of the report is; volved in doubt and mystery as the fate man himself, A reward of one hundred de offered haghen information that may lead toh ~ recovery living or dead. The following ix the notice giving « dé: cription of his personal appearance:—~ ONE RUNDRED LOLLARS REWARD. Missing, stace between 1 and 2o'clock on Frid.y morning| ir. Edward Neville, proprietor of the Kings Williameburg. He is about forty two years eight and a halfinches high, and had on w blue clovh frock con’ velvet collar, black satin ‘vest, dark pants, and black nec Had ob his person's gol wach an W's perso much ir pe missin, handkerchief or stock. ves" chain, alto an amount of money and paper. uy intoctas tion in regard tohim Will be thanktully recelved, «nd rewarne Buooxixn, B. D., Nov. 10, 1866. Marine Affairs. Lavyen.—E, FP, Williams will launch at his yar point, on Tuesday, November 13, the eehoone: Wm. HI GillJand, 375 toms burthen. This vessel was built fo Holmer & Stoney, and others of Charleston, = intended to run between New York and ( the Palmetto Lino—Messrs. Doliner, Potter & Co the New York Agents, Tersey City News. OvennoanD.—As the ferry boat, having on board th passengers for the 5}s o'clock P. M. train upon the Nev York and Erie Kailrond, was epproaching the bridge upo: the Jersey City side of the ferry, a worn A stopped oi too soon, and fell between the boat and bridge, narrow! cncaping being eruthed by the boat. The engineer notified just in time to reverse the engine an! «ive th stranger's life. Fine.—A fire broke out in the engine room of th! works of the American Pottery Company (n Jersey Cit on Friday night, which did damage to the amount ¢ $500. The firemen were Promptly on hand, and prevent a spread of the flames, The loss is covered by insurance upon the premises. THANKSGIVING. —This appointment has now bee ‘made in the following States: — . Virginia, «Nov. 16 Massachusetts M 18 Connecticut ..... “92 Rhode Island 00.) “ 22 New York » Nov, nechied’s Fall and Winter Style 166-88 — Thege unrivaled hale are tn erasier demand ¢ ever defore. | Their 1eKMD' AY OAL Faure, an marvellous cheapnons, ia the ay ais great Semana’ fh, store is 118 Nassau street, Green's Shirt and Goots No. tor Furnishing Astcr House.—Attention is ineted to the supe: the genuemen's furnishing the tne . every variety ot siik, merino, latb's wool and sh cee att Manne undershirts and drawers; scarts, Bboker knit mew! merino half hose, dressing gowns; gold shirt» butions, mounted and obermise’ Aravelling ah canes, toilet arucies, dc., ealed, ev