The New York Herald Newspaper, November 7, 1855, Page 2

2 : ARRIVAL OF THE ARAGO. FOUR DAYS LATER FROM EUROPE. ANTICIPATED MEDIATION OF BELGIUM FOR PEACE, IMPROVEMENT IN CONSOLS. Death of Sir William Molesworth. NEWS FROM THE BLACK SEA, THE CAPTURE OF KINBURN. Reported Recall of General Simpson and Appointment of General Codring- ton as Commander in the Crimea. WTERESTING RELATIVE TO THE SOUND DUES, &c., &e., &o. The United States mail steamship Arago, Captain Limes, arrived at this port at three o’clock yesterday afternoon, She left Havre on the 24th ult., and Cowes at midnight of that date. From the Channel to the Banks she oi apne. ‘eersion of strong westerly gales and ror seas. The Arago brings three hundred and three passengers, ‘the usual mails, and 350 ton of merchandise. Among her passengers are Professor N. F. Moore, Count D. Dion, Mr. W. Sinclair, U. S..N., and Mr. R. Healy, the American ‘artist; Hon. R. M. McLane and family, and General © Dounell, of Baltimore; Dr. Levert and family, of Mobile, dearer of despatches; A. Ravel, Francois Ravel and troupe, for Niblo’s Garden. We are indebted to Mr. J. C. Kane, the purser of the A, for late papers. The America arrived out at Liverpool on (he morning of the 224. The United States mail steamship Washington arrived off Cowes, en route to Bremen, on the morning of the 21st uh. The London (lobe of the 224 ult, sayss— Our morning contemporaries give currency to a rumor 0 the effect that the United States government bad call- 44 upon Her Majesty's government to recall Mr. Cramp- ton, in consequenee of his encouragement of enlistment for the Foreign Legion. We notice the statement for the purpose of saying that it is entirely without foundation, ‘The Arago brings additiona! intelligence from the East, of the capture of Kinburn by the allied armies, The advantages which this vistory willgive the allied armies in the East are evidently great. By this sncooss they have, doubtless, opened to themselves a path into the important district of Southern Russia, and #0, says the London Zimes, may indulge a reasonable hope of penetrating to te building arsenal of the Russian fleet at Nikolaietf. Marshal Pelissier’s despatch in reference to the capture ef Kinburn was received by the Mizister of War on the 23d ult. He says that the Anglo-French division of the army had mainly contributed to the success of the allied squadron, }uving een landed on the peninsula e@bout 5 kilometers from the fortress and taken mp its position, and on the night of the 16th opened the trenches at 800 metres from the works. When the fleet commenced ils heavy fire on the 1th, two companies of chasseurs, uorlec cover at a dis- tance of 400 metres from the batteries, were able to keep ep a fusiilade on the Russian artilerymen at their guns. ‘The field artillery also played an effective part in the ope- ration. The Times insinuates that General Simpson, Commanier- in-Chief in the Crimea, is about to be recalled, and the Morning Fy ald further stater tha! Lieut. General Sic J. W. Codrington is to succeed him. The Globe, an evening Journal, states that General Simpson is not recalled, nor iw there any intention of recalling him. The ijl health of the General, the Globe says, wofits him for farther ser- viee. Arraugements are beirg made by the government to provide a suczessor, but nothing had been decided upon. The Consular corps at Oders had addressed the follow ing to the allied Admirals :~ The presence of the allie! fleets ia Odessa roads creates Biear of boubardment, In consejuence the undersigned Gonsuls General and Consuls consider it their duty to as! the attention of their Excellencies the Admirals to 1) dangers to which bombardment would expose the lives and properties of thelr, repective fellow-subjecta, The andersigned take the Lberty to remind their Excel lencies that the city of (deswa shelters a vast number of foreign families, subjects of their sovereign, and that the Jergest portion of the moveable and immoveable property belongs to them. Consequently they venture to hope that their Excellencies will spare a bombardment. The Czar had vot arrived at Odessa on the Oth, It is announced that downto the 17th ult. nothing mew pad transpired in the Crimea. It fs, however, belivved that the Allies are advancing beyond the Belbek, prandi is stated to be retreating, and unable to ho’ ground unless Prince Gortschakoff’s forces leave Sebas- topo! to assist him, The Russian troops are leaving the shores of the Baltic, and everything shows that no fear is entertained of any farther operations by the Allies in that quarter during ‘the present season. The King of the Belgians is reported to have bean very actively and personally cxortiog himself Iately with a view tn the re-establishment of peaca. It is believed that Prince Gortschakof, seeing no possi- Bility of keeping his communications open, aud regulerly weceiving suppplies, was aclually preparing to evacuate ‘the Crimea. ‘The Czar, asvording to the latest accounts, was still at Wikolaie, and on the Sth aif. he reviewed the crews ‘of the fect arrived from Sebastopol Admiral Dundas bad left Nargen in the Wellington, an | had gone to Stockholm to pay his respects to King Ovew.. The Boorre at Madrid was desertet from a pauic caus | by cholera.- Private letters received in Paris from officers in ths French anny, state that it ts believed that Prince Gorts- chakoll, recing no possibility ot keeping his commun'ea- tions open, and regularly receiving supplies, was actually preparing to evacuate the Crimea, Her Britannic Majesty's Consul at Brazil (We. Crena- den) has forwarded e despatch to Lora Clarendon rela- tive to the gold mines which have recently been discaver- ed in that country. Many of the English newspapers having made statements which were Vkely to intuce per- gone to emigrate from the United Kingdom, Mr, 0. in- forms thers that the gold district lies in an umsultivated and wild part of the province, named the Valley of Mara- casenuwa, where the necessaries of life are to be obtained ‘with difficulty and where the climate fs particularly fatal to the Furopean constitution. In wdition to this, a com- pany har succeeded in getting a monopoly, and any per- ton working on his own sceount would probably meet with hindrances from thetr local agents. Another bread demonstration took place in Hyite Park on Sunday, and aftor a little epeechitying the people separated. One of the leaters in the alfuir stated that during the winter, when it would be too coll to assenitile im the Park, the meetings would take place in Smit alot. The English Parliamemt has been further prorogae! to the 11th December. A dreadful accident had ogcurred on the Lyons rail way, by which sixteen persone were killed, and others dangerously wounded. Sir William Molesworth, Seeratary of State for the Colonies, died on the 224 ult. of a tow gastrie fever. Just previous to the departure of fH Arago, the Pe. sinsolar and Oriental Company's steamship Nubia, arrived with the India and the Mediterranean mails, She brought inteligence from Gibraltar that the American vhiy America trom Trapeni, with @ cargo of salt for the United States, unfortunately got aground off Caboita Poiu Tt wae ex. pected she would become a total wreck, owing to the wind blowing from the 8. 8. W. and a heavy sos rol'ing ‘over her, Her Majesty's steamships Rhadamaathus and Promethens, together with the Busker, steamtug weot to ber assistance, but they were unable to renler the slightest service to the vessel. Our news from the Fast had established more cont dence in the money market, and console closed on the ‘204 alt. at 87%, for money, and 87% to 874g for account. Ata later hoar a further advance took place, and the price for the account was 8744 to 87% Consols were searce, and it was said thet the back was selting them for delivery and buying them back for the secount on terme which gave them the use of the money meanwhile ata low rate. Bank stock closed at 207 to 200, Fx cmds, 9844 to 9B. In foreign securt ties th jas little activity, An apprehension exis'e) in Tondon that the greater part of £000,000 in gold, which bad arrived from Aas 4-alia, would be purchased for the Bank of Franc It wa, NEW YORK HERALD, WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 7, 1855. i ee a lo le it en ee however, probable that £200,000 of the amount would find ite way into the Bank of England. Various reports were in circulation regarding the intemttons anu proceedings of the Bank of France, among which was one that thay hid arranged for @ loan in silver ef 20,000,000 guilders (about £1 €06,000), butit was mot believed. _ ‘There was no alteration in the corn market ae compar- ed with the sales of the 19th, Dut an advance of 2s, upon the week's sales continued to be realized. The condition of trade throughout the manufacturing districts had suffered a reduction consequent upon the state of the money market. At Manchester tcavtion bad been exhibited, not merely from the natural diminution of orders, but also from uncertainty as to the future course of the cotton market. Birmingham also exhibited a slight check in the iron trade. ~ At Nottingham business was more satisfactory, and the American orders during the week were equal to expecta- tion. In the woollen districts there was a further tenlency toa limitation of transactions, but stocks being moderate, prices were fairly maintained, and confidence was alto- gether unshaken, In the Irish linen markets there was full employment at high wages. In the Liverpoo} cotton market the demand was very Vimited, and the sales on the 23d ult. did not exceed 4,000 Ddales—1,200 for export. Prices were in favor of the buyer. In the Liverpool corm market there had been a brisk business doing, and prices of wheat and flour had im- proved 3d. to dd. per 70 Ibe., and 1s. per sack and barrel. Prhne American fiour sold at 46s. per barrel. Our Strasburg Correspondence. Straspuno, Opt. 15, 1855. Apparent Inactivity in the Crimea—The Times Correspon- dent not Versed in Freld Operations—His Criticism on Prlissier—No Hopes of Peace Before the Close of Winter —Espartero and the Spanish Government-— Visit of th: Duke and Duchess of Brabant to Paris—Affatrs in Naples—The Revolutionary Commitiee in Londen—Preg- nancy of the Empress—The Sound Dues~Rejoicings in Sweden. If the Russians are not the bravest people im the world they are certainly the toughest ones, and {f Prinee Gorts- chakoff is not the most successful general, he is certainly one of the ablest. The allics have for better than a month had posression of Sebastopol—or, better, the Russians have abandoned it; but we have no further news than that parties are preparing to stvike a great blowin a direction not yet defined. This mournful silence after so signal a victory might be the result of pradence, if the monoto- nous despatches of the Rugsian Commander-in-Chief were not corroborating the fact that nothing serious has, as yet, been undertaken on either side, From the immense losses which all the belligerents have sustained, none of them seem to ne ambitious to renew the attack, while each of them scems disposed to make the most of his present position, Pelissier seems to count upon the winter tor anally, andto aim at cutting off the Russians from Perokop. All military men, however, agree that it Was impossible for l'elissier to get his army in a condition fit for field operations before the lapse of a mon‘h, and all who are acquainted with the localities, admit that the road on which the allied forces can march to the encoun- ter of the Russians, must first be constructed before it can be used. This it seems the allied furces are about to do; and the re:ding public, in the meantime, must have pattence with the meager news from the theatre of war, or rest content with the general howl ef the 7imes’ bull- dog in the Crinea. Jt is said of that race of dogs (whose courage iv otherwise undoubted) that when hungry, they will often attack their own masters, and the Crimean correspon‘ent of the London Zinvs is illustrating the popular adage after his own fashiou. Having, on many previous occasions, read lectures to the British com- manders, be now proceeds to subject Marshal Pellisier to his un paring criticism; but I doubt whethe: he will be able to de so long with impunity. The man who smoked the Arabs may roast ® correspondent, though he be the man of the Times, or he may mist on his returning home, end in case of hesitation, expel him by force from the camp. The Times corre:pondent was an excsilent hand at ex- posing British blanders— which blunders, moreover, were those of the government at home; but from the last epis- tles of that gentleman in the above meationed paper military men doubt his eapacity to Judge of military op rations in the field, The warin the Crime: cannot be compared to a campaign in Germany or Italy, or any other portion of civilized Europe. There, are properly speaking, no people in the Crimeu—certainly no civilized people—and no means of communication at all except those occupied by the Russians, The war in the Crimea, theretore, must necessarily ve a tedious one. It ia shn- ply a war of material and posftion, by which no moral effect can be produced except immediately on the com. batante. No triumphant entry into the enemy's ca, such as followed the battle of Jena, can succeed the tall of Sebastopol, and no preliminaries of peace can s ceed to such an entry. Besides, where a country extensive as Kussia, the logs of territo-y is scarcely & and with the Russian mode of warfare, the towna thi are abat doned are destroyed, while their inhabitay’ back with the retreating army. In such a war tue pro- gress of an advancing army mist necessarily be slow, it it be not be fullowe! hy reverses or exposed to chance. the remarks of the Times correspondent put me forcibly in mind of the pithy saylog of Emperor Joseph of Aus. tria, when somebedy complainad of the slow progress 0 ield Marshal Landon, the then ablest general in the Austrian or “My dear fellow,’’ said the Emperor, ‘you must let my general alone; neither you nor | hay ever taken a fortress,’ The difficulties offered by the terrain in the Crimea ave far greater than those that can occur in any evuntry of Europe. Does the Times cores: pondent remember that La Courbe lost ten thousand men merely on a march throvgh the Tyrol? It is now evident that all the newspaper xumors all the dipk matic whivpers about the re-opening getiations for peace, were merely so many feelers ascertain the di-position of parties and of the people et lange. ‘There is am honest desire for peace every where — in Russia, in England, and France, and in Tarkey; but the situation is warlike, and must necessarily remain 80 for sme time tocome, Immediately on the fall of Seba: topol, no reasonable person will expect Russin to sue f or to offer even her hand in token of peaceful i ina, There must bea greater balance or a moi ided debit on eiiher side to repew nogotiations with any hope of success, And above all things it is nees ssn y that the belligerent? should be thoroughly exh in~ nly in the lel, bat at home, where ths means o! the war are prepares, Every government in the point of making nev Soans; taxes ave , While C lifornix and Australia are the only countries Yooked to to supply the dei the rapidly disappearing precious metals, Fran eibiy get througt: this year withont forthe: Joubtea that the pat fearlully ine the'French people will eavly after new yenr, appested to tor an exchange of hard five (rans agninst the certificates of anew loan. Bnyginod is b y.cad Auastrin bas established a new bank for the purpose of adding to ber paper carrency, Serdinta and Turkey witl svon be through with tl available means. Tho sane is the case with Remi, s19, iv was currently reported, had actually goum to Wall : to borrow money: so that if hosiilittes are com. tinned during ihe winter, either peace or somo dveadtul financtol crisis is imminent, Bard money seams to cfs appear throoghout Fur 4 paper issues of all s pe like water through a sieve, ts are rapidly filing its plise, hi a state of things woult be fraught with daazer in thnes of profound peace; how much more must ils be the case in the midst of war between the most poworfal nations of Europe. Against all expeetations, and amidst the ge: derment ofthe world, Espartero remains at the alfairs in Spain, He'hias suseeeded against the Caclists and socialists in Catalonia, ani he has sept the auderwlo faction (composed of the partizans of the late aduataiste tion) in check; while, at the same time, he has sustained bim-elf and the government ageinst the Quesa and the court, the intrigues of Donna Caristiag ia ix wad the whole infinen:* of the Roman clergy, This would be deemed an achievement (y any country, and in any wen, Wut it fe a matter of nstonisheent in a tan of Expartaro’s years. wy | but the generat velfef im bis honesty could protect him so log. it is doubtfal whether be will be able to prevent a tat or a revolation for a day, for Spain seetes to be ovewpied i 1851, with this giference—that the army,which thus far has made every revolution ia Spaia, is evea more changeable than the people, and therefore lows to be re- Med upon. If the Spantsh’ army cherfehed aay attach ment for its old leavers, hapartero would be certaia of its support. as far the proceedings of the Cortes have not been a matter of much interest, Expartero hae a majority in the legislative chambers, and it can hardly be doubted but that the troops demande'l by the Western Powers aa the price of their alliance with Spaia, and protection of her colonies, will be voted, ant that they will ho ready in the spring, should the campaign in Heasaravia be de- termined apos. Minch. strose Is laid upon the visit of the Pelgian Duke and Dachess of Brabant to the Emperor Napoloon. T look upon ft only asa corollary of the visit of Qaeea Victoria. Fngiand bas been acting all along as mvliator between France and Belgium, jast as Franes has taken upon hr- selfte preserve relations between Fngland and Austria, Tt is not an eney matter, however, fo Jo this, aod if the war continues another year, if will hardly be posstble. tT phical porition of Belgiam is toe tmportant nt watched with a jealous eye; for if Belgium is with France, Prassia is completely outiianked, while the Gorman fortresses on the Kbine become of little or no avail, except as points dappui of the Fighth Corps of the Army of the Contaceration. ‘The differonsee between Naples and the Western Powers are not yet cefinitely «ettled, though it fymere than likel that neither Francs nov lngland will proceed to extrem! ties, That both theee Powers lined to etrike a blew can hardly be doubted: but t red republican roaniferto of Ledru Rolin, Kossuth, sud last, not least, Mozzinl, spoiled it ali. Lo ‘apoleon values his own throne guiga aa tinh a6 that of Raples, aed will never do soything that hal! bear even the semblance of co- operation with the Mevolutionary Committee in Leadon. Netther does he wish to appear before Europe in © Nght of a placer er for the membersof the Bona sartiet family, indefinitely adjourned the oies of Polish pationality, notwithstar the eppo it of Count Walewsky to the Seer of State, aud that of Count, Perwigny as ambaseador to London. Prenc! The Emperor of v will have a cai ah ta tradh.n avastion, of we; he hee merely drawn the sword for the politi ai! brium of Europe—nothing mre. ‘This be considers bis mission, and he may be right; but should he, by the aid of Eng- land, rucceed in destroying but for a short ha'f century the of Russia in Europe and Asia, consequences far beyond those he is now contemplating may epsne, which it will noc be ia his power to centro) by the mere force of arms, The Moniieur has officially announced the preguan: of the Empress Eugenie ; but im spite of the respect no’ generally entertained for the person of the Emperor, the annourcement of that fact has not led to, any popular demonstration. There are too many beirs to the throne of France to secure the crown to any one, and there is a large party’ determined to prevent success of either, An imperial regency is not easily instituted in a country where the government itsel! is only held by the right of conques*, and where attachment to persons is only #e- cured by continued success. Regeneies in France have been troublesome, even under the old régime, and times bave not grown easier since, The question of the Danish Sound dues is likely to re- ceive a peaceable and quiet solution, Denmark will make it a subject ot negotiation with all mercantile na- tions at once, proposing either to receive @ quit claim or to modily the rates. ere are too many uations inte- rested in the modification or abolition of these onorons dues to expouse the cause of Denmark against thelr own interest, ey had no desire to press Denmaik; but since the United States bave mooted the question, they are ready to profit by it. Prussia is particularly anxious to see the dues abolished, and the matter is just serious enough, and yet entirely’ free from danger, to captivate the attention of Baron Mauteuffel. The be ed in Sweden at the fal} of Sebastopol seem to de still going on, Those at Gothenburg were unforta- nately connected with loss of life. There is no doubt bat that u war with Russia would be popular throughout Scandinavia, provided the Western Powers were ready to invade Northern Russia. The mere promenading of their fleets in the Baltic and the sheiling of a few towns are not sufficient to induce the mie of, ‘Sweden to more than an act of civility toward the Emperor Napoleon. He has sent him his portrait ; but as yet neither troops nor ships. BI. G@. THE SURRENDER OF KINBURN. Lord Clarendon has received the followiag intelligence trom her Majesty's Charge d’afuirs at Vienna, dateo Oct ‘The allsed fleets bombarded the three forts of Kinburn onthe 17th. The garrison of 1,500 men, and 70 guns. under General Konowitch, capitulated, and are sent prisoners to Constantinople. Loss of the allies unimpor- tnt. Russian loss 120 men. Forts taken possession of by the allies, Fleets anchor at the entrance of the Dnieper. ‘This position cuts off from the Russians the commum cation by sea with Odessa, Nikolieff and Kherson. ‘The Minister of Marine has received from Admiral Braat the following despateh:— 5 io a Kryavry, Oct. 17, 1855. ‘The fort of Kinburn, and the new works erected on this peninsula, are in our power. Our loss 18 unimportant. On the morning of the 14tn of October the squadron left the roadstend of Odessa, af soon as the heavy easterly winds, which had checked their operations since the Sti of Uetober, had ceased. In the evening of the same day they anchored off Kinburn, Inthe night four French gunboats—the Tirailleuse, Stridente, Meurtrizre and Matine—sen? by Rear-Adiiral Vellion, under the orders of Lieut. Allemand, of the Ca- cique, *ai'ed with five Kogiish gunboats through the pass of Otschakow, and entered the Dnieper. The next day, Uetober 15, at day-break, the troops were landed at about 4,500 metres from the place to the south of it. In the afternoon the bomb-ketches opened their fire; but they were obliged to suspend it when night fe = account of the swell, which rendered the aim un- certain. ‘The entire day of the 16th was nearly lost for us, as the winds had veered around to the south-west. The’ troops were occupied in entrenching themselves and making re- connoissance towards the south. The gunboats in the Dnieper were alone able to annoy the place. ‘The wind having shifted to the north during the night, we were en, aged. early in the morning, Admiral Lyons and myself, in causing to be put into execution the plan of attack arranged on the previous evening, ngroeatly to the soundings taken by Captain Spratt, of the Spittire, and Lieutenant Cloué, of the Brandon, assisted by Mesa. rloix and Manen, hydrographic engineers. At 20 mi nutes past 9 the three floating batteries, the Devastation, Lave and Tonnante, opened their fire. The success they obtained on this day has answered all the hopes of the Emperor. The rampart they battered presented very speedily, and on several points, practica ble breaches. The French and English mortar-vessels opened their fire at forty-five minutes part nine. Their aim, rectified by the signals of the paddle steamers, was most admira- Diy divected. | attribute to them, in a great measure, the quick surrender of the place. ‘the five French gunboats, the Grenage, Fliche, Mi- iraille, Flamme, and Alarme, eustaine! by ie English guntoats, took up their positions nearly at the same time as the mortar-yessels, heir aim richotied very advan- tugeously the open batteries (a barbetle), which were con tending guinst the floating batteries. As soon as the firing of the place had slackencd, our gunbcats advances, at the signal given by the ca stain of ihe Grenade, M. Jauréguiberry, to the line formed by the toting batteries. They were accompanied in this movement by the English gunbosts. Vreersely at nocn the shfps, flowed by the frigates, corvettes, and paddle steamers, got up steam. The ships formed on a front ine; they cast anchor and lay with their broadsides to the forts at a distance of 1,600 metres in twenty-six and a half feet of water. St the same momens tix English frigates, commanded by Reay-Admiral stewart, and three French frigates un der the orders of Rear-Admiral Pellion—the Asmalee, Ca- cigne, and sané—made for the pass of Otschakow, in or- dry to take the forts of Kinburn in the rear. The Eng: lih ship, the Hannibal, advanced to the middle of this pass. Generals Bazaine and Spencer brought up their ri- flamen and field pieces, to about 400 metres trom the place. ‘There bo'd manceuyres, and the imposing front presented by the nine French and Foglish ships, broadsides on and Dowsprits to stern, thundering with all their guns, bad a Gecisive effect. At 5 minutes past 1, observing that the fort of Kinburn fired no longer, althovgh the northern works still continued to make use of their mortars, Ad: miret Lyons and myself thought it right to respect the couage of the brave fellows we were fighting against conreuently we "made the signal to cease firing and hoisted the flag of truce, sending a French boat and an English one on shore. ‘the torts accepted the capitulation offered. The garri- son left the place with the honors of war, and gave them- selves up as prisoners. Our troops occupy ali the Rus sinw works. ‘The capitulaticn stipulated that the place should be given up tous in the state it was then io, We take possession, therefvre, of the enemy's stores and munitions, Admi ral Lyons and myself are sending the surgeons of the two uadrons to tend the Russias wounded, numbering about eighty. The vumber of prisoners ix feom 1,200 to 1,500. We are going to oecupy ourselves with forming here a solid establishment, Marshal Pelissier has forwarded to the Minister of War the following ecmmupication relating to the operations of the allied forces at Kinburn SEnAswPOr, Oct, 15 P. J have just seceived from Geneval Bazain his repo. the capture of Kinbur The Anglo-French division of the army has avtively contributed to the success of the allied sjuadron. Having been landed on the peninsula, about 5 hilome- tres from the fortress, it took up its position, and in the night of the 16th, opened the trenches, at 800 mets es from the works. When the fleet commenced its heavy fire on the 17th two companies of chasseurs, under cover at a distance of 400 merres from the batteries, were able to keep up & fusilade on the Russian artilerymen at their gans. the field artillery also played un effective pact in the operation. We have taken 1,420 prisoners, including Kolonotiteh and 40 ofilvers, with 174 pieces of ¢ and a quantity of ammunition and stores, We ar in full oceupation of an important position. Such are the results to the allies of this successfal « <- pedition, Ike Russians Lave rencered this success themseives bl the 18th of end you the standard, with the arms of Russia, cated over the walls of Kinburn, DESCRIPTION OF KINBURN. (From the Paris sloniteur. } The waters of the Bug and Doieper debouch into ‘be they sea by a tingle branch, After torming a lake, wie ‘blend, the two rivers flow together, between Ostchak ou the north, and Kinburn on the south, through @ par- vow channel of variable cepth (15 feet the minimum), mech nearer Kinburn than Otschakow, Otechakow, on (he right shore, is built on the top ofa clit of mideling height, advancing im an acnte angle straight to the south, and throwing ont a low flat on which rises a fort of Genoese origin, in a very dilapidated Hate. | A battery of nine gurs of large calibre, recently erected on the cliff outside the channel, taking it ine. i lade, but ata long range, completes the nce of tuis ride. without presenting avy serions obstacles, It is on the eft shore, on the Wongue of sand formed by Iuvial depesits of the two rivurs, that the citadel of K u is built, commanding the passage much uearer, tua ite guns act both ontalide aed inslde, constituting in & word the sole defence of the mouth of the Dnieper. The citadel ot Kinburn ts a hornwork of masonry, with earthen pa surrounded by a moat wherever it is not war ¥ the sea, coo'nining barracks and other beildings, the roofs and chimneys of which are visible above the rampart. It is armed ‘in all its faces, havi one tier of guns covered and caremated, which tier crowned by a battery @ bartetie, the whole possibly pre- renting some sixty guns. half of which sweep the soa out- side, from the south-east to nort-north: west. Kinburn bas the war-Jag always flying, the sign of armament, and contains a garrison of Fo00 men, not ing ‘the military colonists settled outside, in a regularly beilt, to the sooth, and within range of the jort guns. Two frevh batteries were lately erected to the rorth-weet of the fortress, The Ocsterrrewhische Correspondons assert, on the au- thority of a telegraphic communication from Odessa of the 17th, that at the rame tiuwe that the sllied feete at- tacked Muburn £0,000 men were landed on the Peninsula of Tendra Nothing certain was known of the destination of these a long spit of land a little west of Perckop. OPERATIONS IN THE CRIMEA. 2 rom the Courrier de Marseilles, Oct 21.) We (Sebastopol, Ort. 7) have been info med that the Rupsinns intend to concentrate al! their forces on some point of the Crimea, probably at Simpheropol, It {9 added that the evacuation of the northern pert of Sebas topo} bas been for eeme time decided. and wehave oursol¥es obrerved that the Russian troops occupying those heigh:« ¢ gradually diminishing in number, We, neverthalen still perceive a few battalions occupied in creating ve le will postpone the [talian question as be haw | works and batteries; but thie may be a blind jo ‘tend to evacuate t! the allies, by making them believe that they do uot in- i ir position. Whatever be the point of concentration chosen by Prince Gortechakod, should the winter be mild—that is, rainy—thelr army Bost sige clone mene Foner ga cA know that the 4 ve not 0) a new a those existing in the country have been rendered almost impracticable Wy the recent rains. This accounts, no doubt, for the Russian soldiers wearing. boawy in summer as well as in winter. It, on , the winter be rigorour—that is, if ice and snow cover the und—it will be possible for them to travel over the country in sledges, and to receive provisions. Marshal Peliasier continues to advance into interior, ory, roads for ly laden wi EE is observed with cea age he desti. ‘the same ao G the desti- Me one "A Eoealte Cat tof ene It is believed, however, that it will to the snivsula of Tendra, im order to keep im check the forces concentrated at Nickolaieff and heme ‘This, however, is a mere surmise, fur the secret is so well kept that the commanders of the different ships are ignorant of it themselves, being directed not to open their sealed orders until they reach a certain distance at sea, The trcops are to de placed under the command of General Bazaine, the French Governor of Febai Admixg! Stewart, who was to return to joins the expedition, and he will ony retire from ips under his orders when its db. ject is accomplished. A portion of the French flect will ‘also sail at the same period for Constantianple. Genera) Eos is rape pet France woerey ge of generals wo in the last engagements. ing new has occurred at Sebastopol, except the explosion of etber infernal machine. It ex} in the Karabel- but only killed one man. We have not yet been able to discover any of those machines. aneyiare posed to be earthen pots of a conical form, buried in ground, witha match above the surtace, which, when walked upon, canses the explosion. Those pote are not filled with ordinary Cop jpeg and must contain some chymical preparation of great power, for their detona- ticnis most violent. Those machines r to have been placed on the principa thoroughf t the meet ing of several streete—in short, wherever circulation in greatest. (From the Letter, dated fiom the Pass of Kardoun-Be, et. We are now encamped at the extremity of tho valley of Baidar, at the distance of about two miles anda half from the Beltek, ‘here the river farms a bead re flows to the north west. Qur four 8, perfectly well organized and amply supplied with provisions, are impatiently awaiting orders to attack the enemy. ' The Russians are quite close to ua, lining all the which are defend- ed by numerous batteries. But our brave soldiers are not to be stopyed by such obstacles. When the Marshal deems the moment favorable we will force a passage in spite of them. We are ordered to hold ourselves io rea- djness to march forward at a moment's notice. The ene- my remains on the defensive. Our troops are constantly at work making roads for the artillery. } Ivis said thet Marshal Pelissier has, with great difficul ty, brought up 120 cannon to the heights of Tchouliou, ard hae thus gained a pivot for his operations in the valley, which it will be impossible to wrest from him. THE REPORTED RESIGNATION OF GEN. SIMPSO: [From the London Times, Oct. 23.) * At length, in the fullness of time, it appears that, either by recall or resignation, or some other gentle a1 ¢fficacious means, General Simpson has been relieved from the commund of the British army in the Exst, and the aimy at the sume time relieved from the command of General Siapson. We are also informed, not by any go yernment authority, but by alittle bird’ which tells us everything, that a’ forthcoming Gazette is to contain a numer of appoin‘ments of the most astoundi ty; but this statement 1s sv much too good : that we shall +uspend our belief of the fact until it be con: firmed by the clearest and most indisputable evidence. We, on the viher hand, expected a progression in a totally dif- ferent direction. Lord Raglan was not young, but was well able to ride, so we replaced him by a general of the same age whem py tical indrmity forbade from getting on horse beck. What could we expect in the ascending. seale of age and decrepitude but that Gen. Simpson should be found not sufficiently infirm for active service, and re course should be had to one of the Field Marshals recent- ly created #8 if on purpore to supply the want? Let us atany rate, be pot em jor the good we have already ob- taines, without poisoning present pleasure by anticipa tions of what may come hereafter, We trust that Gen Simpson’s successor may not be—and we say it in all anb- mission, any oxe of the throe newly crea ed Field Marshals, pay, we will even venture to hope, while hope is yet per- mitied to us, that he may be strong in body, soumd in anind, able to see with bis own eyes, and act with hi: ‘own band; capauie of resisting the importunities of men anxious 10 leave a perilous service on urgent private bu sinese, snd copable pf narrating the exploite of imsel and his army—thotgh this last demand is rather exor- bitant—in clear and grasnmatical Eoglish. [From the Londen Herald, Uct, 23. Lieutenant General *is W. J. Codrington is to command the army in the Crumea. OPERATIONS IN SOUTHERN RUSSIA. . [From the Moniteur de la Flotte.} Our apticrpations bave been realized. The allied rquadrens oceupy now the Liman of the Mnieper, after having captured the three forts of Kinburn, with their gurriscn, This brilliant feat of arms reflects the greatest honcr on Adémirsla Bruat ond Lyone, on the allied squadrons, and the division of General Bazatne. post Temarkable feature of our vaval operation Faster wer is tbe rapidity, the daring, with wh have been accomplished, it is thus that the meat signal success has always crowned them, and we have now te inseribe the, pame ct Kinburm by the side of those of Kerteh, Yemikale, Tegenrog, Taman, and Sweaborg, Gor soldiers now occupy’ Kinburu, and a part of our syvadvon, ancboted in the Liman of the Dnieper, cuts of a} comm and Chex ca ion by sea between Odessa, Nikolatelf n. ‘the Kussians are thus reduced to a crue! y, for the ships now Jying in the docks of Niko- Jniefl, ana intended to replace the tleet of Nachimof, inglo: riously sunk in the harher of Sebastopol. can be of no possi- dle advantage to ther. Wearé now ina position to menace Cherron aud Nikelatett; the latter being the great aval und military arsenal of Russia, from which might at any moment be launched a pew fleet, fully equipped fur ano- ther Sinope; Cherson, since the beginniog of the war in the Crimea, is the central depot of provisions for the Ku-sian army. Although it hae lost much of its impor- tance since the toundation of Odesse, it has, peverthe- less, from its strategic position, and from its being the principal mogazice of the army, been of the greatest Piility during the prevent war. Ifa docks are sufi f the line being by great extent, being dl vided into four quartest—the fortress, the naval di nent, the Grece suburb. and that of the railo Chersen, the Dnieper is a league and a half'in width an fifty feet indepth. According to a recent telegraphic des- patch, the allies fleets are lying at the extreunty of the fman, ¢xactly opposite the mouth of the Dnieper. Soundings, no deubt, have been taken in the Bag an the Jipieper, #n0 we shall soon be in a position to form an opinion ‘as to the alleged impossibility of navigating toe: rivers, which may have been intentionally cirew) ited by the Russians theioselves, for a very obvious reason. We azeaheady aware that, as for as regards Nikolaief, she river is navigable n-of-war everywhere, excat a! a polpt about ten miles from the mouth ot the'Bug. As to Cosakoll, the attack, according to the official documents nts no serious Obstacle, Once master of It, the alites ¥ proceed over lard to Nikolatetl, The events now im pending preclude all utless conjectures; we, therefore, confine ourselves to a simple <tatement of the nmmerous adventoges which accrue to us trom the seizure o! the forts of hinburn and of the Liman and tae Dnieper, Let nts hepe that before long the Russian army in the Chmem, completely Ssolated in the peninstla, cut off from its sup- plies, disheartened vy the successive disasters that vave defeated their plang and frustrated thelr exertion® and thefr courage, rhal’ be reduced to make a last heroic and devperate effort, the convemnences of which are by no means doubtful to us, or lay down their arms without tying the chances of a battle, Under present cirommstances the following inforin tion, which was contaised in a Nikola‘eff letter, of the ddre-sed to the Mititar Z+itung, 1s of interest>— Grand Duke Constantine, the Grand Admiral the fleet, has ordered the greater part of the ontrench ments {0 Ye demolished, It having been discovered the the directors of the works bad grovsly abused the conti- dence placed in them vy their imperial master. The Grand Duke bas formed afBuilding Commission, at which be presides. AN! possible ener ‘Meplayed. ‘and thew vands of hands are at work. The Grard Admiral hinse!f inspects all the new works, which are making rapid pros gress. The former directors are under examination, av:t iu order to prevent such abuses in future they will be Adjutant General Podtleten, so , haa been sum more) Fositfve information bas been given me that the ¢ u- sernation of the Rossfans at the rnpid progress made by the allies is extreme. ‘The probadihity +t one of tha first consequences of the taking of Kinburn and the exp. dition to the mouthe ef the Dnieper will be, that the cight reghnents of Grenadiers and the artillery division will not dare to march from Perekop to the assistance of the Rurs'ap army in the Crimes. According to advices from Nikolaieff, the, two milica-y attachés of the Russian Legation at Rerlin and Vi- eppa, Count Renckendor! and Count Stackelberg, hed le" there for Prince Gortgehakof's head-quarters, charged with instructions from the Emperor, The report tl had heen in circulation here, that Count Benckendorf aspired to @ command at the theatre of war, appears to be groundless; be is expected to be buck here about the nilddle of November. [Frem the Moniteur de la Plotte.) According to the last accounts from the Crimea, the army onder the cousmand of Marshal Pelissier had al- ready advance !, despite the difficulties of the ground, 60 kilemetres from febastopol. It now occupies feitions ccmmanding the defiles ot Varnutka and Boyuk-Miskomla, whence the enemy retired on its . We may ex pect from day to-day acme decisive ergagemen’, which, we nre confident, will be followed by the immediate evs. cuntion of the Crimea by the Ruesians, While our land forees are preparing for fresh victories, the allied squadrons, a8 w@ learn from a despatch of Prince Gorta. cbaketf, having quitted their anchorage at Odessa, have arrived at the distance of three miles from Kinburn. Kimborn ise Ruesian fortress, situate about three kilo metres south of Ocrakoff, at the extreme end of the lake which is formed by the sluggish waters of the Dnie- per and the Bog. What is now the actual destination of our squadron? Is it Cherson or Nikolaieff they pro- oge to attack? No one yet knows, However that may , it is necesrary, in order to force the pasange of Kin- urn, to fake possession of Oczakoff, a city command: ing the strait, and the citadel of which has been ren- dered memorable by the gallant defence of Hassan Pacha when the Russian artoy seizet that city. Ocztkolf Hon of each impor ance, since {t is at the same key of Cherson and -~Nikolaie, that the Ru» Bave doubtless coH, feted there new fortifes tions; but it will be an eagy Gaek for us, with our beary fons, to ce the fire of the enemy, and protect the ‘ending ofour troops. Chergon, situate at the mouth of the I niepet, ie the emperiam of the commerce of that river It ia the port of Nikolaieff and receives the product of the interior destined for Odesss, andfthe war mg’ it from Western Russia, and forwarded thence te the Cyiguea through the lethgus of Perekop. The route fal- the reisforcements arriving from Bes- pin dA the Jake, and would be comyletely to our cannon the moment we should have pene- tated into the Liman of the Dnieper. The naval expedi- tion bas thus a most serlous chject to accomplish, the re- sult of which will have a decided influence on the subse- quent cpgniione war. Whether wi sie Charme by a bold coup de main, (for, though inaccessible to ves- sels, in consequence of ‘the shallowness of the water, it may stil be tsken by a land force,) or make good our round in the nelghberhood of the Liman, after destroying Gcankoff, wo effectually intercept all commupication be tween the Russian con‘inent and the Crimea; we will moreover prevent the Russians from building a new ficet, the hulls of which have been a constructed at Nikolaieff, but which cannot be armed and equi once the arsenals of Glubokoi and Oczakoff ‘and the stores of Cherson are destroyed. THE SPRING CAMPAIGN ON THE DANUBE. yublishee the following leiter, dated Jassy, Since the .capture of Sebastopd! has imparted quite a new “0 the war, 1 have endeavored to ure some information relative to the position of the Russians in Bersarabia, On the banks of the Pruth, at iv entrance into herds and on se oft te rors, it rae crossed 8 a few nificant batteries Semata, This point 8 present totalky unoosapled, belig guarded only by rs for the ‘twelve superannuated soldie: four months. Reni, which is situate a lttle lower down, does not appear either to contain many soldiers. The Russian army must consequently be concen! below tbat line, in the borhood of Ismail; but I have ith d to th cade ere ret ines ce with r the ion of army. The babitante of. idee belonging to the same language, are in constant communication with each othe?, many being connected by family ties, particularly in the villages Je a4 much as pos- to cut off all intercourse between both Pru banks of the river, We learn from Vienna that the negotiations between France and Austria, in reference to a cawpaign on the Danube in the spring, bave been brought to a conclusion. Austria has yielded ber objections to the plan, and M. de Koller, the Internuncio at Constantinople, has re- ceived the necessary instructions on the point. OPERATIONS IN ASIA. _ ‘The Fremden Blatt, faithful to Russia even in her ad- baste’ f thus shakes its puny fist at the Turks;— “ The first assault on Kars, like the first attack on the Malakoff, was repulsed; but we learn that the Rus- slaps, fustead of raisiug the siege, are preparing for a second attack.’” No anxiety ix felt for Kars, as Omer Pasha must already be ina position to make @ powerful diversion in favor of the beleaguered garrison, The booty taken by the allies at Tamas, in stores and clothing, appears to bave,been very considerable. It is reported, in letter# from Varna, that intelligence had srrived there from Batoum, annoineing that Scba- By! 1 has at length determined on taking an active part wor, The followis in te dnc x Bel ¢ following appears lépendance Belge:— me shag Haauiona, Oct. 18, 1855. The Danish despatch of Oct. 1, on the conference upon the Sound Dues, of whica I sent you an analysis in my letter of yenterday, was accompanied, I told you, by a memorandum, addressed in the same form io all the rcenenty interested. I think myself fortunate in ing able to forward you a detailed account of it to-day. It is as follows:— ‘The memoir alludes, first of all, to the agitation for a Tong time levelled againstgthe toll, and which would have entirely disregarded the claim of the Danish establish- ments, whose o>ject it is to facilitate navigation, &c. Under the late King, Christian VUII., in consequence of negotiations entered into by Denmark. England and Swe- den, a revision of the tariff was effected. There waa then a stationary period. Christion VII. had in view other modifications and re- visions. He was prevented from carrying them out through the war (with Schleswig-Holsteia) and its con- requences. Later, the war in the Kast broke out, f, in order to seek a solution, Denmark has chosen the present moment, it is because the situation has been created for her, in thisday:— By a note dated last April, the 14th, the American Envey to the Court ef Copen! denoenced the con- vention of April 26, 1826, the ouly one in which, so fur as Americas converned, there is any mention of the On it results from the explanations of the American En- yoy that the avowed object of this denunciation is vo re- lease the American shipping from this toll, although, in the Dantth point of view, this release would not be the natural consequence of the cessation of the convention. This bas, therefore, created fer Denmark a new situa- tion, and the ideas previously imparted mast from that moment become problematical. Denmark herself would de disposed to have a revision of the tariff, but neither America nor other powers would de satisfied with that, The Danish government, there- fore, puts the revision on. one aide, without altogether abandoning it. It results from this hypothesis, that the other governments, considering the revisior ‘not ealeu- lated to prevent the conflict, might have invited Den- mark te make other propositions, Bat it is wished to come to some definitive arrange- ment for putting an end to the toll, without infringing on the rights of the Danish crown. It i# trom these imotives that Denmark is induced to Propose the capiialirnticn of the tol! One estentia) condition is, that the question should be reated, not as an affair of trade or money, but agi poli- tical affair, On this head the memorandum alludes to the Sound dues, and the part that the toll hes played in the policy of northern Europe. In thus treating the question ibe negotiation wil fave impressed upon ft the character and impulse to which it ix entitled. Lenmark’s desire to see the negotiations opened at Copenhagen in the course of November next, alceady ex- pressed Jn the civcular, is repeated and supported by Mv tives to Le found in the circumstances and in the im- portance of the eity of Coyenbagen for the affair in ques tion. Without wishing in the slightest degree to anticipate the decisions of the governments, Dentaark paints ont the basis, the adoption of which in’ her opinion Would have for i$ reswt that each of the powers should coutctbute to the paymént of the capi*al in a ratio to the duty levied on ifs navigation and commerce, The Sound dues are partly levied on the ships, partly on the cargoes, These latter are the true Sound dues, whereas the for- mer consist especially in lighthouse dues and the like. Formerly the idea was propounded of aaopting for the exclusive basis of capitalisation the nationality of the ships passing through the Straite: but this plan was any- thing but just, seeing that the number of ships belongiy toa nation and pore 3 through the Soun. does not all represent the quota tributed by this nation to the toll, which is chiefly levied on the goods. ‘There would be far greater conformity with the trae state of things if the quantity of good: that bave passed through the Sound and the Belts were teken as a basis. it might, for instance, be agreed upon tha’ the respec- tive States, including Denmark, should contribute in pro- portion to the quantity of goods exportec from their har- bors and imported into the Baltic Through the Straits, or exported by the same Paltic route tor the purpose of beirg imported into their harbors. Fy ccmbinirg this basis with that of the nationality of the ships, so that the compensation to be paid to Den- k might be calenlated, for the true Sousd dues, ar cordirg to the movement of ¢! cording to the direct importatious or exportation: h State, in goods having pessed the Straits of the Sound and the Beit, and for the lighthouse dues, avcord!ng to the flag, a more just and equitable solution of the difficulty would te ar- rived at. Such is substantially tho memorandum accompanying the despatch of October 1. O1 the two annexe) table, poi ia the amount ¢t the dues levied in the Sonnd and the Belts, on the vessels of each of the States, in the years 1651, 18b2and 1883; tho ether the amoont of the dues levied on the goods imported into the Baltic or ex ported from that sea. 'from the Lon ion Cazet!e, 20.) The Danish government are taking active measu-es re- lative to the settlement of the Sound dues, and M. itluhm, ¢x-Mivister, has been definitively appointed by Denmark ax her tepresen‘ative at the General Conforence whieh fs to be held at Copenhagen next month. he Cadine’ of Denmark. it will be seen, by the subjoined paragraph, have issued ® memorandum on the subject, im which the “eventual capitalisation of, the imposts upon an equitable caleulation,”? is spoken of and by which it would seem that Denmark would foe glad to “realize,” even at a sacrifice. Whatever determination may be arrived at by the represntatives of — the different countries taking part in setrlement of the dues, and whatever righta may be conceded to Deumark, we trust that the general {nterests of commerce and uavig+- tion will be considered of paramount importance, and no official or dij atic courtesy be suiferei to interfere wish it. Under any circumstances, and at any price, let it be understood that the Sound dues axe (0 be abolished, and not merely compromised or reduced Corexnacny, Friday, Oot. 19. . Dluhm, ex-Minlster, is definitively appointed by Den- mark a8 its representative a) the Conferences which are to take place next month in order to come to some deel sion on the question of redeeming the Sound dues, The racmorardum of the Danish government, withon anticl- pating the decisions of the nations intereste, inticate. the eventual oxpitalisation as an equitable basis for the repartirion, and most suitable to the present state of a’- fairs and to the large amount of mershandive which has Passed the “ound and the Belts, and taking into consi4er ation this beats with the shipping of various neutral ua tions. Trade in France. [From Paris Letter, Oct, 22. The trade of Paris continues to suffer from the re- strictive measures adopted by the Bank of France. The refusal of that establishment to rescind its resolution re- specting billx above seventy-five days has created con- siderable discentent, particularly im the departments. The difficalty of makiog returns induces merchants to with extreme p-adence, The restrictions of the it have occasioned a very serious crisis at the bad not the merchants observed a great reserve ayaid the important transactions producet by the Universal Exhibition, Manufacturers fortunately hmited their credits as much as possibie, and 0 danger that the increate in the of discount will be attended with ony exten phes. ‘The crowds angment at the Palace of Industry as its close approaches. The ox- pibitorsare tov sigoing a petition, in wich they demand that the exhibition be renewed nex" Spring. The success of theit application, however, is consivered doubtful. The rise in the price of corn has been again checkel our maskets. Large queniities of groiu are daily ported at Havre and Mareeilles from the United States and the Fauubian provinces; the mills are everywhere in full activity, and the holders of wheat ant four, antici- peting a fall, aro apxious to dispose of their stock. The ale of four was rather dificult in the Halle of Paria during the week. Millers vainly attempted to maintain pricer, The dest sorts of tlovr only fetehed from 106°. to 1O€f, per rack of 180 Fillygrammes, The stock remaining im the Halle }es increased to 18,000 metrical quintals, and large quantities daily arrive in all the bonding stores op of for sowing kept up the priee in but the accounts received terday state that rates h: ge declined. Th cattle markuts of Poissy and Sceaux have not been abundantly oar since the price of meat has been sized, and the butchers still continue their jon ti the measure. Little or no business pry rok oarany a) Bexcey; prices, however, remain firm, and Death of Str William Colonial Policy of E: {From the London Tiznes, Oct. 24. ‘The death of Sir William Molesworth, the coloni: reformer of our day, marks the conclusion a the changeful history of the British colonies. It is sin lar that in she very year which has taken him from u; a syatem shonid have been completed which 1 was th: busi f his life 10 support and advocate, From thi conclusion of the American War of Independence to th termination of the Conadian outbreak of 1837,.a long an] ainaatrous pericd, elapsed, ethan which we seemed we forgotten past experience an tw have recurred to views with reference to sen vern| ment of eetes ularly narrow, mean and in adequate. ving ne! langer a colosiste of whon we were afroid—baving elfectually dieposed of tho noble possessiins which we once held on th continent of settleme: North America, bra the Frenc! it of Lower Canada and the English settle ‘a, we seem to bave lost the theo while that pov att we aD) The nation that had ust Tost J ci concentrated its whole atrention on the persecution Warren Hast who bad em; a rly the Tetlod of time fs ssving India, and‘ bestroed'o the inary and exaggerates woes of ms or b joe it could not bs the bee yee ances of men of the same race and lai ‘The idea un der which the English mind then regarded the colonis} was that of rebelor a traitor; the next was that of convict. ‘the formation of the penal rettlement of Ne South Wales, and the crimes and whic! naturally followed such a step, bad undondt oily ® depressing influence on the estimation which colonies generally were held, and reacted most unfavorably on the condition of Canada and he’ sister colonies. Instead of secking to lindemnify our, selves by the it given to our new possession: for the {oss of the old, we employed for a of year] every device which could deaden native patriotism, d courage native talent, and teach the colonists to their union with the mother country aaa fetter ae gradation. fo completely lad the public wind becom perverted on the subject that the West India colonte raised on the foundation of slavery—a equ unsound in & moral and economical point of view—wer led with infinitely inore fayor and attention the ex Ca: situated in a climate adapte to the i og constitution, watered by nobie rivers and accessible by admirable harbors, or the vast cont nent of Australia, of whish we buve not yet taken trouble to ascertain the whole nature, or even the ex tent. This dark period uf coioniul histo Ey de said have terminated with the Canadian outbresk, and ami the fire and blood of that unhappy rebellion broke th first dawn that heralded a brighter day. It was ju: at this period that Sir William Molesworth undertook ¢) agitate the question of transportation, and, as chairm: of a commitiee of the House of Commons, elicited evi dence which startled thore who sapposed that all well in commurities of which we heard so bttle, 0 that time we may trace a gradual but sare amelioration The union of the provitces of Canada in 1840, was effec ed by an act which tas been interpreted amd acted on i a spirit far more Mberal than that in which it waa con ceived, and bat led by degrees to the establishment i Canada of a tystem of local government, resporsidle the local Legislature, practically, if not theoretisall complete. The same right of ‘self-government, th seme power of appointing their own ministers, conceded during the adwinistration of Lord Grey t the rest of the American colonies. The concossios of the Clergy Rererves, and of the power of reformio| their constitutions has followed, and the Noi American colonies probably enjoy at this moment thi highert amount of liberty that ij consistent with th continuance of their connection with Great Britain But while Consda has been thus generously treated the Cape, New Zealand and Australia were reserved f the exercise of blind caprice or the application of ex plrded theories. For them were devised, under the pi tence of preparing them for self-government, eounci either entirely nominated by the crown, or partly nom! nated and partly elected, which gave expression to popu lar opinion only the more effectually to thwart and. con trol it, which set u, a» thifr avowed guide and stands: the principle of government by minorities; and whicl while they mismanaged the finances aud 46 the interests of the pe ple, ware nevertheless in a stat] of perpetual hostility with the home goverament. J wos to sweep away these miserable counterfeits and substitute for them really popular bodies, that Sir Wi Ham Molesworth labored until success crowned bis exet tions, though veither iu the order nor in the manner bj sapetiod. Whe Cage bf Good Hope, tis jesay navane and the least important of these communities, reeciv from Lord Grey the gift of a free constitution which he steadfastly denied to Australia; and Sir Johi Pakington gave to New /ealand in 1852 a constitutio which, though ridicuJously too large and too complicat for the small community fo which it was applied, an| involving elements of strife confusion between th) provincia! and central legisiarures, that have nog faile to ripen into discord. was yet a considerable advance upen anything conveced to Australia, It was only i June cf this very year that New South Wales and Vietd aia obtained trom tbe bands of Yu: liament the gift of c sUtutions, which, though containing almost every de' o which a constitution can be subject, hed yet this Ceeming peint—that they gave to a Legislature locall constituied plenary powers of local legislation, ba the power besides oi altering as they might think fi the constitution so granted to them. That the: constitutions will be the cause of long and bitte cisputes before they setile down into the form that suitable to the eeloniea we have no doubt, bul apy rato the battlefield ‘is removed to the Ines islatoce, and the change will no longer form a matte] of dispute Letween tbe colony and the mother coun 's Thus, then, just as bis work has been completed, ang the principtes he advocated have triumphed, hal deen Temoved from the scene of pubic life the man whem, above all others, 1he colonies owe their emanci: pation from a system of shun liberality avd real rep sion, endless inierfereuce with their local concerns, and mischievous tampering wiih their desrest interests. new ea begins, a state of things uttely unexplored and unknown, in which on expe.iment is to bo tried that, jar as we know, bas never been tried before—whethel it be pessibie to re ain many free, completely organi zed, and self-governing communities ia dependence of the parent State, net by force or fear, bat by the ties of good will and mutual affection, The labor of the Colonial Minister, at least his routine labor, is corfainly dtmintshy by this great chonge—we might say the revolatiod which has thus been effected—but, it less burdensome, his duties have becowe infinitely more dificult and delicate, Much as we have conceded to the C slo nies, there are many matters of imperial «ognizan whieh it is impossthle that we should cancede to them and in determining whit those matters are, and manag: ing the negotiations which must arise out of attempt eporachments, Will consist the delicate and didicult aut; ef the Colonial hinister. To the other causos of regret for the untimely loss +f Sir William Molesworth is added this also—that, as he was the man most active in creating our new relaticns 10 our colonies, so he was the person mort likely to admint-ter them with prudence, with em. sistevey, and with discretion. A few months of such ad ministration 98 we Lave seen at the Colonial Uitice, might] entai} upon this couniry an acount of lors and discredid which it is hardly possible to cotimate, Whatever it lu deen, the Colontal Offiee,must vo longer he the refuge f men of impracticable temper or crotchety disposition and whoever he selected ax the successor of Sic Wiltiam Molesworth, shoul! be a mat not only capable of carry ing on an existing system, but of inaugurating and tn stitutiag a new one. Submarine Tanase) between Fraace and Eng and, " Bout. soxe-Sun-Mex, Oct. 20, 1855. For several weeks past acme able hydrographers aad engineers have ben ewployed fa surveying the coasts In the neighborhood of Boul-gae and Cclats on the French aide, and of Dover and the South Foreland on the Englisli side of the channel, and ia ‘aking soundings, with « view of reperting as to the jeasivility and advantage of forming! a communication between the two countries by means off a rabmorine tunnel and railway, ML. Fayre (Niort, departnient of Deux-Sévres), thet Cferinguished French engineer, has this day puniished| the details of hls ex'racrdinary’projeot, of whlch the an nexed are the chicf points :— ‘Ihe preject consists in a tunnel of about 30 kilometre: in Jength, formed under the sea, and offering as much se curity ss a railway under the open eky. ‘Ibe tunvel willbe pierced ina manner #0 that the be: of the earth which will vivide it from the sea will neve: be less than twenty-tive metres, even at the greates cepth of the straits, wnd will be linea with a double arch the first to be of granite and of tmpermeable cement, thd second of thin iron plate, piercet differen’ places in crder to discover immeciately ‘he least Oltration. The dificulies which appear insurmountable In a worl of this kind consist nor ouly in the extent of the tunnel in the tedtourners of the oj \ione—which, however, can be undertaken at both ends at the same fime—on' alscLin the clearance of the debris, whizsh would egg | ly kave to be carried tothe opening at either side. [1 order to surmount the-e obstacles wells will be construct 4 at different parts of the chaunel, which wiil divide *h subte ranesn work# into sections of tunnels of les thay a wyrinmetre In length. ‘hese maritime wells will fa} cilitave the formu:ion of the tunnel at many dilferea| places #t once. The works, therefore, can ve carried «: at the same time in the taliery st the coast of France| vn the gallery at the coast of Englaod, and in the gailei of the ‘wells,’ Besides, they will’ aff rd the means « casting the encombering earth into theses, and of form vg little islands around wells, The const of con strvetion, given recording to a minute calculation, {| cetimated ot 100.000 0661 Many )ines for the tunne) bave been considered. Froy Cape Cris -Nez to Lover, ina direct line; from Cape Gri Nez to Dover, in touching the bank of Varne: from Cap Blane-Nes to Forelond; irom the village of Sanzatte Foreland. M. Favre then proceeds to docuse the merif ¢f the rontes, but concludes by exp: essing his preferend for the direct one frim Cape Gris-New to Lover. ‘The aystem of traction proporec to be adopted is th of M. Seguin, the colkcbreied engineer, whe since 18 hos made so many valuable improvements in counectio witb railways and science generally. He hae declan that tLe moet rapid. the Jeast dangerous, the least exp sive, motive power for this subcerraneam railway 1+ Rimeepheric. We think that this system will be adopte y the counefl of aiministration of the new compan; ith such a locomotive power, the jourmey Fyepee and England will be performed in Se | migaies! ie OF ; In ecnelusion, eays the report, “ we areimpressed w: the ec hvtetion we have proved, not only that th project in pormble, but that it will be com: ively ea. to constroet a ral y wnder the channel. We have n developed our ryster of maritime ‘wells’ which wou divide the sabterrancan tunnel into differert sestio:| Ovr plan cf a double vault would give a3 ample reau: ties ae any of the ordinary rn ys posees, The ty vel of Pande-Calete would vet aids the arm of the which separ France from Fngiane. It wont bi vpen the most solid foundation the covtinent with G: , which is at present isolated from the reat of F] sope. It would unite the two peoples ia the most in